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When might we see congestion charging in British

cities outside London?

Petros Ieromonachou

TPS Bursary Awards

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Objectives of the report

• To present information on existing road pricing schemes from Britain and abroad

• To establish a framework of key factors affecting the overall implementation process of RP schemes

• To explore the possibilities of ‘Stoneford’ – a hypothetical city – which was about to implement RP

• Secondary Objectives

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Past experience - Norway

• Bergen (1986)– 1st urban toll ring, small area but big effect, created a

format for other cities to follow• Oslo (1990)

– Largest TR, automated charging, advanced from road financing to alternative mode infrastructure financing

• Trondheim (1991)– 1st automated TR (AutoPASS), continuous upgrade

& evolution, public not supportive, ended Dec 2005• Total 6 urban schemes currently• Changing objectives but not CC yet

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Past experience - Italy

• Bologna (1989)– 1st ZAC (Zone Access Control) manual + automated,

intermitted operation due to political priorities, did not advance to RP

• Rome (2001)– Started as ZAC, evolved to a hybrid form of RP, use

of TelePASS

• Genoa (2003)– ZAC, RP trials, political indecisiveness & instability

• Growing acceptance of ZAC, development of relevant technology but RP policy slowdown

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Past experience - UK

• Durham (2002)– 1st RP scheme, result of previous attempts

• London (2003)– Most important, size, difficulties, success &

expansion

• Edinburgh– Would be a complete urban RP solution, political &

public opposition, unresolved issues, setback to the UK RP scene

• TIF for 10 regional pilot projects

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Stoneford

• How can this learning be applied to Stoneford?

• Recurring issues:– Consensus on the problem– Choice of scheme– Transparency– Local politics & network alliances

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Stoneford

• Key factors identified from the investigated schemes:

1. Partner/Actor Networks

2. Project Champion

3. Expectations/Motivations

4. Protection measures

5. Network learning

6. User learning/Acceptance

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Conclusion

• Government strategy for national and local schemes exists but,

• Local schemes need ‘marketing’

• RP is a complex policy and decision

• Overall implementation process requires work from system builders and champions

• Also needs a change in institutional & user attitudes