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Contact Information
Glenn Brzyski
Moog Inc.
East Aurora, NY 14052
E-mail: [email protected]
Phone: 716-687-7642
Bio
29 years as a Designer/Drafter
On the job training
21 years with Moog Inc.
Started with 2D CAD system (Cadra)
Evolved to 3D CAD system (Unigraphics V11)
11 years on Unigraphics/NX
Certified by ASME to Y14.5M-1994 standard in 2005 as Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing Professional Senior (GD&TP)
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Who is Moog?
Moog Inc. is a worldwide designer, manufacturer, and integrator of precision control components and systems. Our high-performance systems control military and commercial aircraft, satellites and space vehicles, launch vehicles, missiles, automated industrial machinery, marine applications, and medical equipment. Moog provides innovative actuation solutions and space-rated electronics for launch vehicle applications. We have extensive experience with electrohydraulic, electromechanical and electrohydrostatic actuation systems and also provide fluid and gas control products for the main propulsion and roll control systems and rocket engines. Moog’s systems and components equip such vehicles as the Space Shuttle, International Space Station, Delta IV, Atlas V, and Ariane 5.
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Kayak History
Why did I create a kayak?
What’s the magic?
Wanted to design my own
Was it possible?
What tools were conveniently available?
NX4
Method Used
Top Down Assembly Structure
Each form was created as a component as seen from the Assembly Navigator
Design Intent is propagated to each of the kayak forms when changing the following:
Overall Length
Beam (Width)
Designed Waterline (Draft)
Sheer Angle
Chine Angle
Side Profile (Buttocks)
Top Profile (Plan-form)
Tools Used
Datum Csys
Offset Datum Planes
Sketcher
Copy Feature/Paste
Mesh Surface
Shell
Wave Geometry Linker
Modeling Spreadsheet (Excel)
Datum Coordinate System (Datum Csys)
Insert > Datum/Point > Datum CSYS
It represents the starting point for all of the offsets found normally in boat construction
Datum Csys is a collection of (3) datum planes, (3) datum axes, an a origin point, all in one feature in the Part Navigator
In this case, it resides on absolute (0,0,0) in the part file
All datum planes that contribute to the shape of the kayak are offset from this (Designed Waterline, Sheer Angle, etc.)
Offset Datum Planes
Created the necessary spacing of the forms (12” on center)
Created the “Designed Waterline” datum plane offset from the Datum Csys
Designed Waterline datum plane
Sketcher
Multiple Sketches with the same geometry (forms) were used (5 arcs and 4 lines)
Side profile (Buttocks) and Top Profile (Plan-form) were created
Sheer and Chine sketches were also created to develop the shape of the hull and deck
Top Profile Sketch
Form Sketches
Side Profile Sketch
Sketcher Tip
Two different sketches that are attached on datum planes orientated 90 degrees from each other can be inter-related geometrically by the use of points that are Coincident
The creation or Timestamp order of the sketches is important
The sketches can only be linked in this manner if Positioning Dimensioning and a Fixed Point are not used
Coincident points
Copy Feature/Paste
Edit > Copy Feature or Copy > Paste
Allowed very quick copying of the original sketch without starting from scratch each time
Sketches were pasted with new expressions and as a new parent
Mesh Surface
Through Curves function created the shape of the hull as a solid body
Selection of the individual section strings must be consistent in order to get the proper result
In this case, the arrows defining the direction of the individual sections string point in the same direction
Shell
Formerly called “Hollow” in Unigraphics V18
Insert > Offset Scale > Shell
Allows the inside shape of the hull to conform to the outside with a consistent wall thickness (.25”)
Wave Geometry Linker
Linked Sketches from the top level assembly were pushed down to each of their respective components so that solid bodies could be created
All geometry will be updated when the Design Intent is changed (ex: Overall Length)
Modeling Spreadsheet (Excel)
Expressions were imported
In the Modeling Spreadsheet: Tools > Extract Expr (Expressions)
Calculations were made using full Excel functionality
Solid model was updated: Tools > Update NX Part
Kayak Analysis Glenn M. Brzyski
Mass=Based on the average between White Ash and Mahogany
Displacement Volume= 4.155 ft 3̂ At designed waterline
Salt Water Density= 62.3 lbs/ft 3̂ Weight Displaced= 259
Draft= 4
Length of kayak= 15 ft
Beam= 24 in
LWL (Length at Waterline)= 178.008 in Length/Beam Ratio= LWL/BWL
BWL (Beam at Waterline)= 22.911 in
(LCB) Longitudinal Center of Bouyancy= 100.066 in %LCB to LWL=
(VCB) Vertical Center of Bouyancy= -2.464 in less than 50% results in 'Fish' formmore than 50% result in 'Swede' form
(TCB) Transverse Center of Bouyancy= 0 in Swede form is preferable
Propeller History
Why did I create a fixed pitch wooden propeller?
What’s the magic?
Wanted to make the best selection possible for the type of airplane that it is being used on
Was it possible?
What tools were conveniently available?
NX4
Brothers Harry, Martin and Ira (left to right) Sensenich were ahead of their time in snow transportation. They made this snowmobile in the late 1920s to retrieve family mail from a box that was half a mile away from their home on the Kissel Hill Road. The propeller that helped power the machine was bought, and when it broke, they decided to start making their own out of wood. This led to Harry and Martin founding the Sensenich Brothers Propeller Company.
Method Used
Top Down Assembly Structure Design Intent changes are
propagated down to the fixture which checks the profile and shape of the blade
Checking Fixture
Tools Used
Datum Csys
Offset Datum Planes
Sketcher
Copy Feature/Paste
Studio Spline
Mesh Surface
Wave Geometry Linker
Modeling Spreadsheet (Excel)
Datum Coordinate System (Datum Csys)
Datum Csys resides on absolute (0,0,0) of the part file
Geometry for the propeller is positioned at the Y axis and symmetrical to the datum plane shown
Design Intent is to have all changes in size and shape emanate from the Datum Csys
Axis used
Datum Plane used
Offset Datum Planes
Created the necessary spacing of the airfoils (offsets based on 10% intervals from root to tip)
Datum plane angles are based on a previous sketch (Blade Angle Diagram) using Geometric Expressions
Sketcher
Multiple sketches with the same airfoil sections were used and modified as the twist of the prop approached the root
Airfoil changed shape from flat bottom at the tip for 60% of the blade to being fully symmetrical at the hub
Blade plan-form shape sketch was also created Plan-form sketch
Airfoil sketches
Copy Feature/Paste
Allowed quick copying and placement of the original airfoil sketch without starting from scratch each time
Sketches can be linked to each other or treated as new parents depending on Design Intent
Sketches were pasted as new parents and linked to the appropriate expressions and geometry
Studio Spline
Insert > Curve > Studio Spline
“Connected the dots” of the points of each of the airfoil sketches
Associative to the points
Used for the Through Curves function
Studio Splines
Wave Geometry Linker
Linked Bodies of the propeller were pushed down to each of the fixture components and then subtracted from the extrusions
This provided a view on a drawing of each airfoil which can be later transferred to the profile checker fixture made of plywood
Modeling Spreadsheet (Excel)
Expressions were imported
In the Modeling Spreadsheet: Tools > Extract Expr (Expressions)
Calculations were made using full Excel functionality
Solid model was updated: Tools > Update NX Part
Geometric Pitch=
RPM x Pitch of Prop x .000947 = Speed (MPH)
This approximates the aircraft forward speed
Pitch of Prop= 40
Forward Speed= 84.57 MPH Recommended Propellers for Rotax 582 by Tennessee Propellers, Inc.
Reduction 2.58:1
Dia/Pitch
Reduction 3.00:1
Dia/Pitchp = Density of air 0.002378 slug/cu-ft at sea level 64 X 44 68 X 48HP = Horsepower of engine 65 66 X 42 70 X 46N = Engine revolutions 2232.55814 rev/min 68 X 40 72 X 44n = Engine revolutions 37.21674419 rev/sec 70 X 38P = Power 35750 ft-lb/sec 72 X 36v = Airspeed 124.0631665 ft/secV = Airspeed 84.56930233 miles/hrd = Propeller diameter 5.67 ft
Non-dimensional coefficient= square root (pv/Pn^3) Propeller Efficiency
c = 0.652224 Propeller tip speed should be 3.93 times the speed of the aircraftfor maximum propeller efficiency
Performance CoefficientPe = J * Pc
.325* square root (V^5/HP*N 2̂)Pe = 69.9%
The Results
AIRFOILSECTION 100%
AIRFOILSECTION 90%
AIRFOILSECTION 80%
AIRFOILSECTION 70%
AIRFOILSECTION 60%
AIRFOILSECTION 50%
AIRFOILSECTION 40%
AIRFOILSECTION 30%
AIRFOILSECTION 20%
5.000
1.000.256
2.953
68.00
FULL SCALE
A
A
SECTION A-A
2.25
BOTTOM VIEW
B
TOP VIEW
B
SECTION B-B