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2
IntroductionMany processes operate from the same
site for a considerable periodMay have been previous industrial usesDischarge to land was common practiceMany traditional `heavy` industries have
gone, leaving large brownfield sitesDeveloper pressure to build houses on
the vacant brownfield sites
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Dudley M.B.Five sites of interest
Edinburgh Crystal (Thomas Webb) Tudor Crystal Royal Doulton Crystal Royal Brierley Crystal Stuart and Sons (Waterford Crystal)
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Contamination Sources Manufacturing
Heavy Metals (Lead and Arsenic) Particulate Matter
Acid Polishing Hydrofluoric and Sulphuric Acid Hydrogen Fluoride Deposition
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Effect Of Contamination Heavy Metals
Lead – inhalation / ingestion
toxicity to mammals / photo toxicArsenic – inhalation / ingestion / dermis
toxic carcinogen / photo toxic - airborne / liquid discharge /solid deposit
Acid Waste - inhalation / ingestion / dermis
- toxicity to mammals / photo toxic - may enter water courses / aquifers
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Re-development ProcessDecommissioning the processPlanning Permission for developmentDemolition of existing buildingsSite survey and sampling procedureRemedial Work
SOURCE - PATHWAY - RECEPTOR
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Site SurveyDesk study of site / previous usesPlan for examination and site surveyExploratory and detailed investigationAnalysis of samples for contaminantsCompare to guidance levels Review best practicable options
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Remedial Work Options
Provide top cover Use of in ground barriers Excavation and disposal Other Options
Biological remediation Physical treatments Chemical treatments Solidification Thermal treatment
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Case Study 1 Site History and Background
1885 – 1995, L.C.G. manufacture2.3 hectares, some steep levels
Adjacent foundry,landfill site, coal mining
Demolition
Site survey details and Geology
Soil analysis and landfill gas
Site remediation
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Case Study 2 Site History and Background
Bounded by the Stourbridge canal
adjacent landfill site(built on)
Demolition
Site survey details and geology
Soil analysis and landfill gas
Site remediation
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Legislation and GuidanceE.U. Directive 84/ 360/ E.E.C.
The Environmental Protection Act 1990 Part 2(a) “Waste on Land”
E.U. Directive 96/ 61/ E.C. Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999 Pollution Prevention and Control Reg 2000
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ConclusionsConsider current discharges to landConsider previous uses of siteCarefully examine the siteConsider commissioning full site surveyProduce a remediation planMake financial provisions to remediate