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2
Elements are
• pure substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary laboratory processes.
• the building blocks of matter.
gold carbon aluminum
Elements
3
Sources of Some Element Names
Some elements are
named for planets,
mythological figures,
minerals, colors,
scientists, and
places.
4
A symbol
• represents the name of an element.
• consists of 1 or 2 letters.
• starts with a capital letter.
1-Letter Symbols 2-Letter Symbols C carbon Co cobalt N nitrogen Ca calcium F fluorine Al aluminum O oxygen Mg magnesium
Symbols of Elements
5
Several symbols are derived from Latin names as shownbelow.
Cu, copper (cuprum) Au, gold (aurum)
Fe, iron (ferrum) Ag, silver (argentum)
Symbols from Latin Names
Copyright © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
6
Physical Properties of Elements
The physical properties of an element • are observed or measured without changing its
identity.• include the following:
Shape DensityColor Melting pointOdor and taste Boiling point
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Physical Properties of Elements
Some physical properties ofcopper are:
Color Red-orangeLuster Very shinyMelting point 1083 °CBoiling point 2567 °CConduction of electricity ExcellentConduction of heat Excellent
Copyright © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
8
Select the correct symbol for each.A. Calcium
1) C 2) Ca 3) CA
B. Sulfur 1) S 2) Sl 3) Su
C. Iron 1) Ir 2) FE 3) Fe
Learning Check
10
Select the correct name for each symbol.A. N
1) neon 2) nitrogen 3) nickel
B. P 1) potassium 2) phlogiston 3) phosphorus
C. Ag 1) silver 2) agean 3) gold
Learning Check