09-68-OnW209231 Operation System Management (Solaris10) ISSUE1.00

7/29/2019 09-68-OnW209231 Operation System Management (Solaris10) ISSUE1.00

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Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Operation SystemManagement

(Solaris10)


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Copyright 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2

Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Outline the features of UNIX

Perform basic operation of UNIX

Perform the user management

Describe the concept of file system

List useful commands for file management

Perform the basic UNIX system administration


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Contents

1. Features of UNIX

2. Basic Operation of UNIX

3. File System Management

4. User Management

5. Resource Management

6. Network Management

7. Restart and Shutdown the UNIX


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UNIX Features

Multi-Tasking

Multi-User

Parallel Processing

Pipe Shell

High Security

Reliable

Network Oriented

File System


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System Architecture of UNIX

kernel

shell

B shell

K shellC shell

Application Program

Hardware

sh csh

cpp

vi

Outer Layer Program

kernel

Application Program


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UNIX Shell Program

Shell

TypeMain Features

Abbreviatio

nCommand Prompt

Bourne

Shell

Original and most popular

Provided by every UNIXThe base of three Shell

B Shell bash $

Korn

Shell

Extensions of B Shell

Compatible with B ShellK Shell ksh $

C-Shell

Analogous to C language

More capability than B

Shell The most

powerful Shell

C Shell csh %


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Contents

1. Features of UNIX



4. User Management





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Login UNIX

Telnet in text window:

telnet 10.77.218.31


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Login UNIX (Cont.)

Telnet in graphic window:


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Command Line Structure

Command line structure

command [options] [parameters].

There is a blank between them.

If many parameters are usedthey can be lined up

command -[option1][option2][option3][ ...]

Capital and small letters are different in UNIX commands.


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Basic Commands of UNIX

ls: list contents of directory.

cd: change working directory.

pwd: return working directory name.


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Basic Commands of UNIX (Cont.)

man: find and display reference manual pages.


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Basic Commands of UNIX (Cont.)

Control Keys:

Control-C: Stop running the program

Control-D: Stop the system communication

Control-S: To tell the terminal to stop accepting input

Control-Q: To tell the terminal to accept input


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Contents

1. Features of UNIX



4. User Management





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Contents


3.1 Basic knowledge of File System

3.2 File Management Commands

3.3 View and Edit Commands

3.4 Other Common Commands


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File System

/

/bin /sbin /dev /etc /usr /opt /mnt /tmp /home

/etc/passwddirectory

file/opt/sybase


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File Attributes

FileType

OwnerPermission

GroupPermission

OtherPermission

LinkNumber

Owner

Group

FileSize

Date and Time

Name


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File Attributes (Cont.)

chmod: change the permissions mode of a file.

Absolute Mode:

Symbolic Mode:


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File Attributes (Cont.)

chown: change file ownership.

chgrp: change file group ownership.


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Contents







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Create Commands

mkdir: make directories.

touch: change file access and modification times.


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Remove Commands

rmdir: remove directory entries.

rm: remove directory entries.


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Copy Command

cp: copy files.


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Move Command

mv: move files.


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Contents







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View Commands

cat: concatenate and display files.


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View Commands (Cont.)

more: browse or page through a text file.

less: opposite of more.


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View Commands (Cont.)

head: display first few lines of files.

tail: deliver the last part of a file.


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Edit Command

vi:

Function Command

Switch between Entry Mode and Command Mode ESC

Inserting text aAiIoO

Moving around in a file hjkl;

+F +B

Deleting text xdd

Copying and moving text yyYpP

Save Change & Quit vi :q:wq:q!:wq!

Ctrl Ctrl


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Contents







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Count Command

wc: display a count of lines, words and characters in a file.


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Compare Command

diff: display line-by-line differences between pairs of text

files.


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Search Commands

find: find files.


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Search Commands (Cont.)

grep: search a file for a pattern.


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Archive and Compress Commands

tar: create tape archives and add or extract files.


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Archive and Compress Commands(Cont.)

zip: package and compress (archive) files.

unzip: list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive.


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gzip: compress or expand files.

gunzip: compress or expand files.


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compress: compress files or display expanded files.

uncompress: uncompress files or display expanded files.


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Common format and referenced commands:

Format Create Command Extract Command

.tar tar cvf filename.tar dirname tar xvf filename.tar

.zip zip filename.zip dirname unzip filename.zip

.gz gzip filename gunzip filename.gz

.Z compress filename uncompress filename.Z

.tar.gz tar zcvf filename.tar.gz

dirname

tar zxvf filename.tar.gz

.tar.Z tar Zcvf filename.tar.Z dirname tar Zxvf filename.tar.Z


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Contents

1. Features of UNIX



4. User Management





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User and Group

User A

User B

User

C

UserD

Group 1 Group 2


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User and Group Management

Group Management:

Add a new group:

Delete an existent group:


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User and Group Management (Cont.)

User Management:

Add a new user:

Delete an existent user:


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User and Group Management (Cont.)

Password management:

Change password for root:

Change password for regular users:


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Other Commands

id: return user identity.

who: return who is on the system.

who am i:

whoami:


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Other Commands (Cont.)

listusers: list user login information.

su: become super user or another user.


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Other Commands (Cont.)

last:


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Contents

1. Features of UNIX



4. User Management





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Hardware Resource Status

sar: system activity reporter

sar t n: samples cumulative activity counters in the operating

system at n intervals of t seconds.


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Hardware Resource Status (Cont.)

prtconf: print system configuration

prtconf | grep Memory


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df: displays number of free disk blocks and files.

df -k:


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du: summarize disk usage

du -k:


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Process Management (Cont.)

kill: terminate or signal processes

kill:

kill -9:


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Contents

1. Features of UNIX



4. User Management





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Configuration & Management

ifconfig: configure network interface parameters

To view the network interface:

ifconfig -a

Configure the IP address and mask: ifconfig eth0 10.1.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.255


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Configuration & Management (Cont.)

hostname: set or print name of current host system

hostname:

hostname newname:


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netstat: show network status

netstat -an:


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ping: send packets to network hosts

ping:

ping -s IP length count:


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File Transfer

ftp: file transfer program

Comman

d

Function

ascii Sets the "representation type" to "network ASCII".

bin Sets the "representation type" to "image".

cd Changes the working directory on the remote machine to remote-

directory.

lcd Changes the working directory on the local machine.

get Retrieves the remote-file and store it on the local machine.

mget Expands the remote-files on the remote machine and do a get for

each file name thus produced.


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Usage of FTP

To get a file from Workstation B (/usr/home), execute the followingcommands in Workstation A:

% ftp IP address of B

User name: XXXXNote: user name

Password: XXXXNote: user password

ftp>ascii (ascii mode is used to transfer text files while bin mode to

executable files.)Note: transfer mode

ftp>cd /usr/homeNote: remote directory

ftp>lcd /usr/m2000Note: local directory ftp>get filenameNote: get: download, put: upload

ftp>byeNote: exit


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Contents

1. Features of UNIX



4. User Management





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Power off and Restart

shutdownshut down system, change system state

shutdown -y -g( ) -i ( )


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Power off and Restart (Cont.)

initprocess control initialization

init ( ):


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Power off and Restart (Cont.)

Compare of shutdown commands:

Command When the command is executed

shutdown -i5 call rc0 procedure to shut down system

init 5 call rc0 procedure to shut down system

halt stop the processor

poweroff stop the processor

Note: If you use halt or poweroff, the system will godown directly without notice other users, so does reboot.Its recommended to use shutdown or init.


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Summary

Features of UNIX

Basic operation of UNIX

File System Management

User Management

Resource Management

Network Management

Restart and Shutdown the UNIX


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Documents

09-68-OnW209231 Operation System Management (Solaris10) ISSUE1.00