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9: Business Letter Essential vocabulary

addressee advertisement available for sale concise , convention courteous , delivery encl. (“enclosure”) enquire/inquire heading to negotiate offer placement , p.p. (“per procuretionem”) price-list quotation to quote ( , ) range to require reference requirement sample specification terms of payment

Phrases Used in Business Letters

Opening Phrases Dear Madam Dear Sir Dear Mister Smith Dear Sirs АО СКЯО rОМОТЯОН вШЮr ХОttОr ШП …

… АО tСКЧk вШЮ ПШr вШЮr ХОttОr ШП … є … We have the ЩХОКsЮrО tШ ТЧПШrЦ вШЮ … … IЧ rОЩХв tШ вШЮr ХОttОr ШП … ь … TШ ТЧПШrЦ вШЮ … є …

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We apologize for the delay in КЧsаОrТЧР вШЮr ХОttОr …

… Linking Phrases TСОrО Тs ЧШ НШЮЛt tСКt … … It is necessary to note , … АО‟Н ХТkО tШ НrКа вШЮr КttОЧtТШЧ tШ tСО ПКМt …

З є , …

CШЧsТНОrТЧР tСО КЛШЯО sКТН … … IЧ tСТs МШЧЧОМtТШЧ … ь ‟ … In connection with your request …

‟ …

OtСОrаТsО аО sСКХХ СКЯО … …

As rОРКrНs вШЮr rОqЮОst … … Up till now we have received no reply …

…

IЧ МКsО ШП НОХКв … … IЧ МКsО ШП вШЮr rОПЮsКХ … …. In case you fail to make ЩКвЦОЧts …

…

Closing Phrases We are looking forward to receiving your consent/approval/confirmation

є / /

We wish to maintain cooperation with you

є

Your early reply will be appreciated

ь

We are looking forward to hearing from you

є ь

If we can be of any assistance. Please do not hesitate to contact us

, є

Yours faithfully З Yours sincerely З

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Task 1. Read and translate the texts.

Business Correspondence Many businesses rely on overseas markets and suppliers, employ

workers and managers from different countries, and maintain plants and offices abroad. Such companies need to communicate effectively with readers from diverse cultural and linguistic background.

The commercial correspondence in English has changed over time. It has lost its bombastic and formal style, but nevertheless the business letter differs in some respects from the personal letter. Unlike friendly letters, business letters are always written according to standard practice. The body of a business letter may be formal or informal in tone, but conventions should always be followed in the form and in the placement of the parts. Since the rules governing business letters are elaborated and rather precise, you should study them with special care.

“GolНОn RulОs” for АrТtТnР BusТnОss LОttОrs 1. Give your letter a heading if it helps the reader to see at a glance

what you are writing about. 2. Decide what you are going to say before you start to write. 3. Use short sentences. 4. Put each separate idea in a separate paragraph. 5. Use short words that everyone can understand. 6. Think about your reader. Your reader … … ЦЮst ЛО КЛХО tШ sОО Оxactly what you mean: your letters should be

CLEAR; … ЦЮst ЛО РТЯОЧ КХХ ЧОМОssКrв ТЧПШrЦКtТШЧ: вШЮr ХОttОrs sСШЮХН ЛО

COMPLETE; … Тs К ЛЮsв ЩОrsШЧ аТtС ЧШ tТЦО tШ аКstО: вШЮr ХОttОrs sСШЮХН ЛО

CONCISE; … ЦЮst ЛО КННrОssОН tШ ТЧ К ЩШХТtО tШЧО: вШЮr ХОttОrs should be

COURTOUS; … ЦКв РОt К ЛКН ТЦЩrОssТШЧ ТП tСОrО КrО ЦТstКkОs ТЧ РrКЦЦКr: вШЮr

letters should be CORRECT. NOTES on Letter Writing

Structure of the letter: 1. SОЧНОr‟s КННrОss/ DКtО. 2. IЧsТНО КННrОss (rОМОТЯОr‟s КННrОss). 3. Attention line. 4. Salutation.

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5. Body of the letter. 6. Complimentary close. 7. Signature.

1. GIMBEL & CO Ltd. 21 High Street, Blackheath,

London SE3B 5HY Tel: 01-564-8843

Put your address in the top

corner.

If it the address of the firm

sending the letter (the

letterhead) it is is often

printed on the paper.

2. Mr. Lawson Esq. Manager Filbury & Johns, 20 Shafsbury Avenue, London W1A 4WW

May, 7th 2011

The name, position, firm and

address of the addressee

The date

3. Our ref: DM/SK Dear Mr. Lawson,

The reference (the initials of

the person writing the letter

and the person who types it)

(if it is available)

If you know the name of the

person, start with Dear and

write their title and surname

(If вou don’t knoа the name of the person, start with:

Dear Sir (if вou knoа it’s a man)

Dear Madam (if you know

it’s a аoman) Dear Sir/Madam or Dear Sir

or Madam)

4. Thank you for your letter of 4th May enquiring about our range of office equipment.

The first paragraph says

why you are writing

5. I enclose an up-to-date price list and our latest catalogue which I hope includes something of interest to you. You will notice that we offer very favourable terms of payment.

The second paragraph says

what you want or what you

are doing (the real reason

for writing the letter)

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6. I look forward to hearing from you again.

The final paragraph is a

polite ending

7. Yours sincerely, You аrite “Yours sincerely”, if вou knoа the name of the addressee and

“Yours faithfully“, if вou don’t

8. David Ripley David Ripley Sales Manager

The person writing the letter

The signature

His position in the firm

9. Encl. Here the enclosures are the

catalogue and price list

Business letters can be divided in letters of inquire or request, letters of complaint, of application, acknowledgement, refusal, reference letters, etc.

Task 2. Answer the questions to the letter provided in the second

column of Notes to Business Letter (Task 1). 1. Who is sending the letter? 2. Who is receiving it? 3. When does David Ripley write a letter? 4. When was the letter written by Mr. Lawson? 5. What is the purpose of letter writing? 6. What does the sender enclose to the letter? 7. What terms of payment does the sender offer? 8. What post does the sender hold?

Task 3. A. Match these words with their definitions.

B. Match the following words with their Ukrainian and

English equivalents.

1) enclosure К) ЩОrsШЧ‟s ЧКЦО sТРЧОН Лв himself

) ь

2) per.pro b) an indication of what the letter refers to

)

3) signature c) a title to which one has no valid claim

) , ,

4) salutation d) for and on behalf of ) , 5) date e) smth enclosed with the letter ґ)

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6) reference number

f) an expression of greeting, good will, or courtesy

)

7) courtesy title

g) an inscription or statement indicating when a thing has written or made

)

Task 4. Correct the sentences so that they are more polite.

1. We cannot set up a meeting before March 12. 2. We will not process you order until you send payment. 3. If you have any problems, please call me. 4. You sent us the wrong form. 5. You will not be entitled to interest because you sent in you deposit

after the 10th of the month. 6. You did not send in your application before the deadline.

Task 5. Look through the letter below, what do you think is wrong

with it? Correct the mistakes.

Browntown Productions LTD

27 Brownlee road, Catford, Lids SE6 $ PH, U.K. John Adams Sakes Manager

International Computer Services 136 Bolt Road Newbury Berks our ref: BD/ Your ref: DH/ as date: Catford, 29, February, 2001 Dear mr. John Hicks I cannot express my gratitude for your previous letter. Actually, it was the only one I got since my holidays I wonderfully spent in the Cyprus. Our office was moving, so now we are in a good place of the city. Anyway, what do you really think of my proposition? Please keep in touch. Hope to hear from you soon. Bye. Business Manager

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Task 5. Complete the letter below. … ( ь) вШЮr ХОttОr ШП 26 AЮРЮst, … ( )

my participation at the Sales Workshop in October. … ( ) ТП вШЮ МШЮХН sОЧН ЦО tСО ЩrШРrКЦ. … ( )

some suggestions for contribution. … ( ь) that I will not have the chance to see you before the

аШrksСШЩ ЛЮt … ( ) to meeting you in October. ВШЮrs … J. Hardy

Task 6. Complete the blanks with the right word given in brackets. 1. АО аОrО ЩХОКsОН tШ … вШЮr ХОttОr ШП SОЩtОЦЛОr 26

(receive/get/send). 2. АТtС … (rОХКtТШЧ/rОПОrence/connection) to our telephone

conversation we would like to tell you the following. 3. АО аШЮХН аОХМШЦО tСО … (НОsТrО/rОКsШЧ/ШЩЩШrtЮЧТtв) tШ

cooperate with you. 4. АО СКЯО … (НОМТsТШЧ/ЩОrЦТssТШЧ/ЩХОКsЮrО) ШП ТЧЯТtТЧР вШЮ tШ ЯТsТt

our company. 5. We wouХН ЛО РrКtОПЮХ ТП вШЮ … (ЦКв/sСШЮХН/МШЮХН) МШЦО tШ sОО

us next week. 6. IП вШЮ СКЯО КЧв … (ЩrШЛХОЦs/qЮОstТШЧs/ТЧqЮТrТОs) НШ ЧШt СОsТtКtО

to contact us again. 7. АО аШЮХН … (аКЧt/ХТkО/КЩЩrОМТКtО) ТП вШЮ РТЯО Юs К rТЧР. 8. АО аШЮХН ХТkО tШ МШЧtТЧЮО tСТs … (trend/tradition/communication)

with the educational program. 9. АО ХШШk ПШrаКrН tШ … (СОКrТЧР/ХТstОЧТЧР/sООТЧР) ПrШЦ вШЮ sШШЧ.

Task 7. Put the parts of this opening of a business letter into the

correct order to form sentences. 1. assure we shall We that prompt take you to remedy the situation.

action 2. you could If me London in the next few before telephone days, to

arrange with I would Dr. S. Ivanenko he be delighted leaves on October 31st a lunch

3. writing of reference 23rd February am to we our telephone conversation to confirm arranged., the With meeting I

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Task 8. Write a business letter. You are writing to your business partner informing him that you

come in Leeds on August, 15 and you ask him to meet you at the railway station. You have to indicate the number of the train, carriage and the arrival time. Besides you have to state the purpose of your visit. Moreover do not forget to ask him to book you a room in the hotel for three nights. You write to:

Mitchell Electronics Company Ltd.

Neil Johonson

Purchasing Manager

St. Mirren Avenue, Leeds E15 3ET Tel.: 01-386 9239

Task 9. Study the following information. There are many common abbreviations in written English. Notice that

these may be different from the abbreviations you use in our language for the same thing. Job titles PLC public limited

company CEO Chief Executive Officer R&D research and

development CFO Chief Financial Officer ROI return on investment CIO Chief Information

Officer USP unique selling point

CCO Chief Communications Officer

VAT value added tax

MD Managing Director Common internet and

computer terms

Names of Organizations FAQ frequently asked questions

ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations

HTML hypertext markup language

PDF portable document format

EU European Union RAM random access memory

IMF International Monetary Fund

ROM read only memory

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NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement

www world wide web Abbreviations often used in

documents, emails and letters UN United Nations WTO World Trade

Organization approx. approximately

Countries ASAP as soon as possible KSA Kingdom of Saudi

Arabia Attn. attention

RSA Republic of South Africa

Cc copy/copies circulated (tШ…)

UAE United Arab Emirates Doc document UK United Kingdom ETA estimated time of

arrival US/USA United States (of

America) FAO for the attention of

Common business terms Fig. figure a/c account POB post office box admin. administration p page AGM Annual General Meeting pp. pages AOB any other business PTO please turn over B2B business to business Ref. reference B2C business to consumer Other

Co. company e.g. for example Dept. department etc. and so on GDP gross domestic product ID identity HR human resources i.e. that is (that means) Inc. incorporated NB! Please note! Ltd. limited no. number p.a. per annum # number P&L profit and loss

10: Business E-mail Essential vocabulary

to apologize arrangement ь to avoid to confirm content

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customer є layout , polite report semi-formal ь supplier ь

Task 1. Read and translate the text. Pay attention to the useful

phrases and notations. Email is the fastest and cheapest way to communicate and is one of

the most common forms of communication, especially in business. The purpose of an email may be: • To ask for or send information • To ask people to do things • To give instructions or directions • To confirm arrangements that you have discussed by phone • To send longer documents, e.g. reports

Key points to remember Language and style: • keep your e-mail short • use short sentences and simple language • make sure that all instructions and requests are polite • e-mails to senior people or people outside your company should be

formal • e-mails to colleagues and people in the same company can be semi-

formal • e-mails to team members , as well as to customers or suppliers that

you know well, can be friendly and informal Structuring the message: • start with the most important information • put less important information in the second paragraph • ТП ЩОШЩХО НШЧ‟t kЧШа КЛШЮt tСО sТtЮКtТШЧ, ОбЩХКТЧ tСО ЛКМkРrШЮЧН

carefully Replying to messages: • КЯШТН rОЩХвТЧР аТtС sТЦЩХв „вОs‟ Шr „ЧШ‟ tШ qЮОstТШЧs аТtСШЮt

referring back to the question • avoid using pronouns out of context. Make sure it is clear to the

reader what you are talking about

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• ЮsО tСО sОЧНОr‟s ОЦКТХ Кs К rОПОrОЧМО tШШХ Лв ЮsТЧР „RОЩХв‟ аСОЧ writing your message. It can be easier to refer to the original information and/or questions that rewriting the message Layout

When writing a business email, you should follow the standard format. The email below shows where the following different components should appear on the page.

a name of the person / people sending the email b name of the person / people the email is addressed to c other person or people who will receive a copy of the email

though it is not addressed directly to them d the date and time when the email is sent e information about the content of the email f opening g body of the message h closing phrase i name

Useful phrases and notations

Formal Semi-formal

Opening Dear Mr / Mrs Slater Hello!

Hi Frank

Thanking Thank you for sending

…

Thanks for the …

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Apologizing We are sorry that there

has been a delay.

Please accept our

apologies.

Sorrв I didn’t send this before.

Making a

request

Could you please send

us recent updates of … We would be grateful if

вou could please send …

Can you please email

recent updates of …?

Asking for

information

Could you please

provide information

about the folloаing: …

Please let me knoа …

or ask a direct question :

What time does your

plane arrive?

Giving

information

We are pleased to

inform вou that …

Just to let you know that

Please note that …

Giving

instructions

For further

information, please

contact our sales office.

Call me if you need more

information.

Final sentence We look forward to

hearing from you.

I look forward to

meeting you.

Hope to hear from you.

See you next week!

Closing phrase Yours sincerely Best regards

Kind regards

Best wishes

All the best

Task 2. Study the following sample of the email and the reply on the

e-mail and answer the questions. 1. Who writes the e-mail? 2. Who is the e-mail written to? 3. When is the e-mail written? 4. What is the subject of the e-mail? 5. What is R. Gupta interested in? 6. What does R. Gupta request? 7. When is the closing date for the registration? 8. What must be done by R. Gupta very quickly to attend the

conference? 9. Who writes the reply to the e-mail?

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Task 3. Write a semi-formal email to your business colleague

working in an affiliate of your company in Bristol with the request

to meet you at Bristol railway station, as you are going to participate

at the exhibition there.

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11: Buying a Ticket at the Airport. Essential Vocabulary

airline airport arrive in/at be airsick ( ь ) cancel the flight fly by plane flying weather ь land make a reservation non-stop flight return ticket single ticket take off , ( ) АСОЧ Тs tСО ЧОбt ПХТРСt tШ …? …? $ 10 Fine 10 Arrivals Attention Auto Repair Car Wash Check in є Departure Do not litter Don't Walk ( і л ф і) Exit to Bus No parking Private Property ( ж) Public Parking ь Slow. Children . Traffic Line ь Walk І ь ( і л ф і)

Task 1. Read and translate the dialogues.

A. – What flights to Los Angeles have you got? – There are four flights a week: two flights on Tuesday, one flight on

Thursday and one flight on Friday.

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– What time do the planes start on Tuesday? – At 9:30 and 14:30. – How much is a tourist class ticket? – A single ticket is $150, a return ticket is $250. – I want one single tourist class for 9:30 Tuesday. – Here it is.

B. – Can I book a ticket to London here? – Yes, you can, Madame. Which flight? – I tСТЧk ОТРСt tаШ ШЧО аТХХ НШ, Тt‟s К tСrШЮРС ЩХКЧО, ТsЧ‟t Тt? – ВОs, ЛЮt Тt‟s КХХ ЛШШkОН ЮЩ. I МКЧ ШППОr вШЮ ШЧХв ПХТРСt ОТРСt tаШ ПТЯО

with a stop-over in Paris. .

Mr. Jordan is going to London. He prefers to travel by air. Mr. Jordan Тs К ЛЮsТЧОssЦКЧ sШ СО trТОs tШ sКЯО СТs tТЦО. HО МКЧ‟t КППШrН tШ аКstО time. Certainly it is much more expensive than travelling by train, but it is less time consuming. So he asks his secretary, Miss Pane, to make a reservation for him. Miss Pane (speaking over the telephone): Good morning. I want to make

a reservation for a non-stop flight to London. Are there any seats available on Monday?

Travel agent: JЮst К ЦТЧЮtО… LОt ЦО МСОМk. АСКt tТЦО ШП НКв НШ вШЮ want to go?

Miss Pane: In the afternoon. Travel agent: All right. Flight number 2500 is full but there is a space

ШЧ PКЧ AЦ‟s flight at 3:00. Does that suit you? Miss Pane: The Pan Am suits me perfectly. What time does it get in? Travel agent: At 5:40 p.m. Miss Pane: TСКt‟s ЯОrв МШЧЯОЧТОЧt. AЧН аСКt‟s tСО ЧЮЦЛОr ШП tСО

flight? Travel agent: 147. May I have your name, please? Miss Pane: I‟Ц ЦКkТЧР rОsОrЯКtТШЧ ПШr Цв МСТОП, Mr. TСШЦКs JШrНКЧ. Travel agent: Thank you. Miss Pane: Thank you. You were most helpful.

Task 2. Answer the questions to dialogue . 1. Who is going to London? 2. Why is travelling by air more preferable than travelling by train?

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3. Who is making the reservation? 4. What time does the plane take off? 5. When does it arrive in London? 6. Is it a non-stop flight or does it land at some airport on its way to

London?

Task 3. Ask questions to which the following are the answers. 1. I ЩrОПОr trКЯОХХТЧР Лв КТr. TСКt‟s ПШr sЮrО. 2. My secretary usually makes reservation for me. 3. Definitely a non-stop flight. Those taking off and landing make me

airsick. 4. Because it is less time-consuming.

Task 4. Translate the sentences given in Ukrainian into English. – . – Single or return? – ь- , , . – Here you are. The plane takes off at 9:30. – .

Task 5. Translate into English. 1. . 2. . 3. є є ? 4. ? 5. є 7:30. ?

12: Buying a Ticket at the Railway Station. Essential Vocabulary

booking office car/carriage change compartment fare fast train lower berth miss the train return ticket

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round trip ticket single ticket ь through train ticket office timetable upper berth When is our train due to arrive? є ? Where do we change? ?

Task 1. Read and translate the dialogues.

A. – Excuse me, is this the booking office? – NШ, Тt ТsЧ‟t. TСО ЛШШkТЧР ШППТМО Тs rШЮЧН tСО МШrЧОr. – Thank you. I want two round trip tickets to Baltimore. – What class? – First. – Here you are. – Do I have to change? – It‟s К tСrШЮРС train. – Thank you. What platform does it leave from? – Platform No. 6. – And what time are we due to arrive in Baltimore? – ВШЮ‟ХХ РОt tШ BКХtТЦШrО Кt 11:30. – TСКЧk вШЮ. Bв Цв аКtМС Тt Тs К qЮКrtОr tШ ОТРСt. АО‟ЯО РШt К ПОа

ЦТЧЮtОs tШ sЩКrО. I‟ХХ РОt ЦвsОХf fresh newspapers to read during the journey.

– I КЦ КПrКТН вШЮ‟ХХ ЦТss tСО trКТЧ. – I аШЧ‟t.

B. At the Booking Office

– What trains are there to Leeds? – There are two through trains at 9 a.m. and at 3.20 p.m. – How much is a one-way ticket there? – ₤30. – And a return one? – ₤55. – FТЧО. PХОКsО РТЯО ЦО К rОtЮrЧ tТМkОt ПШr 9 Ш‟МХШМk trКТЧ. – All right. What berth would you prefer?

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– Upper one, please. – TСКt‟s ЮЧЮsЮКХ. EЯОrвЛШНв Кsks ПШr tСО ХШаОr ЛОrtС. – Of course, it is much more convenient, but there is always a lady or a

child who needs a lower berth so I prefer an upper one.

Task 2. Answer the questions to dialogue A. 1. Does the passenger travel alone? 2. What is his destination? 3. HО СКs tШ МСКЧРО ТЧ BКХtТЦШrО, НШОsЧ‟t СО? 4. What platform does the train leave from? 5. When does the train arrive in Baltimore? 6. What class does the passenger prefer to travel?

Task 3. Answer the questions to dialogue B. 1. What trains run to Leeds? 2. What time do the trains to Leeds start? 3. How much is a single ticket to Leeds? 4. How much is a return ticket to Leeds? 5. What berth does the passenger prefer and why?

Task 4. Translate the sentences given in Ukrainian into English. – ? – It‟s over there. – . ь .

10- , ь- . – What class? – . – HОrО вШЮ КrО. It‟s К tСrШЮРС trКТЧ. ВШЮ аШЧ‟t СКЯО tШ МСКЧРО. – .

Task 5. Translate into English. – . – ? Є ь . Є

, , І . – ? – , ь

. – . ?

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– є $6.80 ь $11.50 .

– є ь ? – Є 4:10. І 7:20 . – , ? – 4:10 є ь

ь . є 9:30. є є 1,5 .

– є - ? – 4:10. – . , ь- , ь

4:10. – ь ь ь. . – .

13: At the Hotel Essential vocabulary

bellboy to book a room to cater to є to check in є to check out clientele є convention , ‟ double room to fill in the form є to get the bill ready hotel clerk ь in advance ь in due time layover , ( ),

lease agreement , lobby ь maid, chambermaid porter (U.K.)/ doorman (US) , receptionist reservation ( )

22

resort ( ), single room ; suite - target , ь tip (extra pay) vacant room ь to vacate the room ь

Task 1. Read and translate texts A and B.

Text A: Hotel Types Hotels target many markets and can be classified according to the

markets they attempt to attract their guests. Common types of markets include business, airport, suites, residential, resort, timeshare, casino, convention and conference hotels.

You are provided an overview of some of them: Business Hotels: – These hotels are the largest group of hotel types

and cater primarily to business travellers and are usually located in downtown or business districts. Although Business hotels primarily serve business travellers, many tour groups, individual tourists and small conference groups find these hotels attractive. Guest amenities at business hotels may include complimentary newspapers, morning coffee, free local telephone calls, breakfast, etc. Іn addition to these facilities there is also access to business centre, personal computer, Wi-Fi and fax machines.

Airport Hotels: – This type of hotels typically targets business clientele, airline passengers with overnight travel layovers or cancelled flights and airline personnel. Some hotels may offer free transport between hotel and airport. They can also be paid on an hourly basis.

Suite Hotels: – They are the latest trend and the fastest growing segment in the hotel industry. They provide guestrooms with a living room and a separate bedroom. Professionals such as accountants, lawyers, businessmen and executives find them attractive as they can work and entertain in an area separated from the bedroom.

Apartment Hotels: – They provide long-term or permanent accommodation for guests. The guest usually makes a lease agreement with the hotel for minimum of one month up to a year. These lease agreements are yearly renewed. Generally the guest rooms include a

23

living room, a bedroom, a kitchen, a private balcony, washing machines, kitchen utensils, etc.

Resort Hotels: – They are usually located in the mountains, on an island, or in some other exotic locations. They have recreational facilities like golf, tennis, sailing, skiing and swimming as well as wonderful scenery.

Bed and Breakfast Hotels: – These are houses with rooms converted into overnight facilities. They include 20 to 30 guest rooms. Due to the limited services offered by the hotel the prices are not very high.

Conference Centres: – They focus on meeting and conferences and overnight accommodation for meeting attendees. They also provide audio-visual equipment, business services, flexible seating arrangements, etc. They are mostly located outside the metropolitan areas and have facilities like golf, swimming pools, tennis courts, fitness centres, spas, etc.

Convention Centres: – They are large in size compared to conference centres and may house more than 1500 rooms. There are meeting rooms and exhibition halls there that are very huge too.

Text B: Hotel rooms Hotel rooms are classified by the number of beds in them, the size

and the amenities that they offer, and their rates vary accordingly. There are three basic room categories for a hotel: the standard, family room and the suite.

Standard Room: – A standard room is the cheapest in the hotel. It comes as a single, which is one king-size bed, or as a double, with two queen beds. The standard room has the basic amenities, usually a television, coffee maker, telephone, desk, closet and private bathroom. Other offerings in the standard room depend on the hotel. For example, two-star hotels may offer little more than the basics. A five-stКr СШtОХ‟s standard room may have a Jacuzzi tub, flat-screen television, honor bar and designer interior decorating.

Triple or Family Rooms: – A few hotels built to accommodate families will offer larger rooms with three or more beds. A triple room has three queen-size beds. Family rooms offer sitting areas that double as a sleeping space when the couch lets out into a bed. Some hotels, such as the Wilderness Lodge hotel chain, offer bunk beds for the kids. Triple or

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family rooms are more commonly found as suites than as one large room with several beds in it.

Suite: – A suite is like a micro-apartment inside the hotel. Also called a deluxe room, the suite is much larger than a standard. It has bedrooms, living area and may have a kitchenette. Suites are used by businesspeople and families looking to stay in the hotel for an extended period of time. The best type of suite is the executive or presidential suite. They are very spacious with the best views and amenities that the hotel has to offer. In many hotels, the presidential suite is on the top floor or penthouse. This suite is the most expensive room in the hotel. Standard suites are more expensive than a standard room of course but may cost only slightly more than the triple or family rooms. Hotels such as Embassy Suites have only suites available to customers.

Task 2. Answer the questions to texts A and B.

Text A: 1. What are hotel common types? 2. Where are business hotels situated and what kind of people do they

primarily serve? 3. What services do business hotels offer to their clients? 4. What hotel type is used when the flight is cancelled? 5. What hotel type offers bus service to bring the guests from the

airport? 6. What hotel type needs a lease agreement? 7. What hotel type is mostly used when you are on a vocation? 8. What hotel type is not very expensive? 9. What hotel type is used for conferences and where is it mostly

situated? 10. What is the difference between conference and conventional

centres? Text B:

1. How are the hotel rooms classified? 2. What room is the cheapest/the most expensive? 3. What does the standard room include? 4. What is the difference between two-star and five-star standard

room? 5. What is a triple room? 6. What does a family room offer?

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7. What is a suite? 8. Describe a presidential suite.

Task 3. Read, translate and remember the following rules and

regulations of hotels. When travelling, people almost always stay at hotels. It is advisable,

therefore, to remember the following: 1. The first thing to do is to book a room in advance either by letter,

telephone or fax. Otherwise you may arrive at the hotel and be told that there no rooms.

2. On arrival at the hotel go to the receptionist desk in the lobby and confirm your registration. The clerk will then give you a registration form to fill in and sign (the form is filled in lock letters (

)). In smaller hШtОХs вШЮ sТЦЩХв sТРЧ tСО ЯТsТtШr‟s book and give your permanent address.

3. In large hotels you may ask for any service by telephone. You tell the operator if you wish to be called at a certain time. You call room service when you want a meal or drinks sent up to your room, and you can have a lot of maid service if you need something (a suit or dress) cleaned or pressed.

4. Let the hotel management know well in advance the day and time of your departure.

5. Most Hotels offer their guests breakfast that is included into the hotel price. It is worth to remember that there are two types of breakfast: continental breakfast and English breakfast.

A continental breakfast is alight morning meal. It traditionally includes bread products, fruit juice and hot beverages. Some lodging facilities also include other type of food, such as cereal, fruit, meat and eggs. The meal is typically presented in a buffet, from which guests can help themselves, rather than being served to the guests like it would be in a restaurant.

An English breakfast is a cooked hot meal that, for many English speakers around the world, represents the quintessential breakfast.

Two classic components of the English breakfast are bacon and eggs, ЛЮt tСО ПШШН НШОsЧ‟t stШЩ tСОrО. A Пrв ЮЩ ЦКв КХsШ Тnclude hash browns, tШКst, sКЮsКРО, ЛХКМk ЩЮННТЧР, ЛОКЧs, РrТХХОН tШЦКtШОs, sКЮtцОН mushrooms, porridge and kippers. It is also common to see an assortment of condiments, including jams and ketchup, and in some

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regions, fresh fruit may be offered as well, for people who find the traditional components of the breakfast too heavy.

Classically, a fry up is accompanied with numerous cups of strong black tea or coffee, which may be mixed with sugar and cream or milk. Orange juice is also not uncommon, especially among more health-conscious consumers who may want to attempt to temper the artery-clogging impact of the traditional meal.

Task 4. Read and translate the following dialogues.

A. Receptionist: “SШЮtСОrЧ StКr” HШtОХ. GШШН ЦШrЧТЧР. Thomas: Hello. My name is Thomas Miller. Receptionist: Yes. How can I help you? Thomas: Last week I booked a room from the 5th to the 8th of

November, and you confirmed the reservation by fax. Receptionist: Oh, yes, Mr. Miller, I remember. Thomas: I‟Н ХТkО tШ ЛШШk К sТЧРХО rШШЦ, for a colleague, for the 6th of

November. Receptionist: Let me see. Oh, I am very sorry, Mr. Miller, but the hotel

is full on the 6th of November because of the conference, you see. Thomas: Oh, what a pity. Receptionist: You could try any other hotels in the city. Thomas: ВОs, I‟ХХ НШ tСКt. TСКЧk вШЮ ПШr вШЮr СОХЩ. GШШНЛвО. Receptionist: We look forward to seeing you on the 5th of November,

Mr. Miller. Goodbye. B.

– Hello. Can I help you? – Hello. We need a double room for three nights. – Yes, we have two double rooms, on the 11th and the 15th floor,

facing the yard. Which would you prefer? – It‟s КХХ tСО sКЦО аТtС ЦО. MКвЛО, my wife would like to choose.

What do you think, darling? – 11th sШЮЧНs ШkКв аТtС ЦО, ТП вШЮ НШЧ‟t ЦТЧН. – Sure. Then let it be on the 11th floor. – All right. Will you, please fill out these forms? – Certainly. – How long are you going to stay here? – About a week or so.

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– Fine. The bellboy will show you to your room. Here are the keys. DШЧ‟t аШrrв КЛШЮt tСО sЮТtМКsО. LОКЯО tСОЦ ТЧ ХШЛby. The porter will help with the luggage.

C. – I‟Ц ХОКЯТЧР tШЦШrrШа. GОt Цв ЛТХХ rОКНв, ЩХОКsО. – Certainly. It will be ready in due time. – And when must I vacate the room? – It must be vacated before the lunch time. – All right. And call me up at 8 in tСО ЦШrЧТЧР. I‟Н ХТkО Цв ОКrХв

morning tea and a newspaper, please. – Certainly, sir.

Task 5. Answer the questions using the information from Tasks 3

and 4. 1. Where do people usually stay when they come to a town in which

tСОв НШЧ‟t ХТЯО? 2. Why is it good to reserve rooms in advance? In what way can you

do it? 3. What are the visitors required when they check in (check out)? 4. What serviced does a guest require in a modern hotel? 5. Can meals be served in the rooms? 6. What are the duties of the receptionist? 7. What are the duties of the maid? 8. What are the duties of the bellboy? 9. What are the duties of the porter?

Task 6. Fill in the blanks with the missing remarks. 1. Have you got any vacant rooms? – ...………………………………

2. How much is it? – …………………..……………………………… 3. What should I do with this form? – ...……………………………… 4. Get my bill rОКНв. I‟ХХ ХОКЯО ТЧ tаШ СШЮrs. – ….…………………… 5. Can I have breakfast in my room? – …….…………………………

Task 7. Think over the questions to which the following sentences

are the answers. 1. …? – Single or double? 2. …? – I sent you a cable: Please reserve two single rooms for 27th. 3. ….? – For about five days.

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4. ….? – Certainly. The bellboy will help you with your luggage. 5. …? – The lift is around the corner. 6. …? – You may order your breakfast by phone. 7. …? – Dinner is from 6 to 8. 8. …? – The room must be vacated in two hours.

TКsk 8. AnsаОr tСО rОМОptТonТst‟s quОstТons. 1. Will this room suit you, sir? 2. Will you have lunch just now, madam, or would like to have a rest

first? 3. May I ask you, sir, how many days are you planning to stay with

us? 4. Would you like your meals served in your room or would you

rather come to the restaurant? 5. Have you rung, sir? Anything wrong? 6. I‟Ц КПrКТН аО КrО ЩКМkОН ПЮХХ. АТХХ К rШШЦ аithout a shower and

telephone be all right?

Task 9. Agree or disagree with the following statements. 1. When you leave the hotel you must pay the hotel bill. 2. When you travel in summer it is best to reserve rooms in advance. 3. The porter is the person who keeps the rooms in order. 4. If the guest wants his breakfast in his room, the reception clerk will

bring it to him. 5. The guest must leave the key at the desk when going out. 6. Suites are usually the cheapest rooms in hotels. 7. The maid must do the room every day.

Task 10. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate

word. 1. A hotel worker who stands by the door and helps the visitors to get

ШЮt ШП tСО МКr Тs МКХХОН … 2. A hotel worker who receives new guests and gives them a room is

calХОН … 3. A hotel worker who keeps the rooms in order is called ... 4. A hotel worker who receives and gives the keys is called ...

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Task 11. Translate into English. – . – ? – , . – ь є ? – ь . –

. – ь ? – . . . – Є ? – . є , ь . – ь є ? – €35 . . – .

14: At the Restaurant Essential vocabulary

banger beverage bill bitter cafe cake , , chowder ; coffee black coffee white coffee coffee house ‟ to consume counter ( ) course , crumpet , delivery dessert dish , do the ordering drive-in

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dry establishment fried potatoes grub , herring ь hungry ice cream ingredient є main course mash menu mutton chop onion to order meal oysters pasta pastry ь ; patron є peach performance pineapple plate ; pork chop to purchase raw rotate scone ;

seafood shellfish shepherd's pie ‟ shrimp cocktail ь smoked salmon ь soup tomato soup specialty starter ; steak ;

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medium rare steak ь steam strawberry substantial to suggest T-bone steak thirsty veal vegetables waiter ( ) waitress ( ) wine list

Task 1. Read and translate the text. BЮsТЧОss ЩОШЩХО ШПtОЧ ЦКkО НОКХs Кt ХЮЧМС Шr НТЧЧОr. TСКt‟s аСв Тt Тs

necessary to know the restaurant types that will provide a better food selection and meet the required demands. Sometimes the correct choice of the restaurant will help businessmen to make a good deal.

Various types of restaurant fall into several industry classifications based upon menu style, preparation methods and pricing. Additionally, how the food is served to the customer helps to determine the classification. The term restaurant almost always means an eating establishment with table service typically served by a waiter.

Below you can find a small glossary of some restaurant types: Bar & Grill: a restaurant that serves alcoholic beverages and grilled

foods. Bistro: an informal eatery serving moderately priced food and drinks,

sШЦОtТЦОs МКХХОН К МКПц. CКfц: К tОrЦ ПШr К МКsЮКХ rОstКЮrКЧt. A МКПц tвЩТМКХХв sОrЯОs ЛШtС СШt

plates like pastas and pizzas and cold dishes like sandwiches and salads. In some countries, cafes have limited menus and are very similar, if not identical, to coffee houses.

Coffee House: an establishment serving a variety of specialty coffee. Many modern coffee houses also sell food, but menus are often limited.

Delicatessen restaurant: an establishment that sells ready-made foods like roast beef sandwiches and potato salad.

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Dinner Theatre: a dining experience that combines a staged performance with a meal. The show's cast members often encourage the audience to participate while they dine.

Drive-In: in the U.S., patrons visiting this type of restaurant can order their meals and dine while seated inside their vehicles. Some even have roller skating waitresses.

Pizza Delivery: An establishment that offers a home delivery service and specializes in pizzas.

Pub: an establishment where alcoholic beverages are purchased and consumed. Some pubs are chiefly British, Irish or Australian. Traditional pubs use ingredients purchased from neighbourhood markets. Popular pub grub includes shepherd's pie, bangers and mash and fish and chips.

Raw Bar: A restaurant serving raw shellfish like oysters and clams. Some raw bars also serve cooked seafood, including such menu items as clam chowders and steamed shellfish.

Revolving Restaurant: a restaurant – usually located at the top of a tall building – that slowly rotates, thus offering its patrons a 360 degree, panoramic view.

Tearoom: a restaurant serving light courses and pastries to accompany a wide selection of teas. Popular food items include scones, cucumber sandwiches and crumpets.

Teppanyaki: a Japanese restaurant where patrons sit around a counter, which is attached to a large grill. The chef assigned to the grill entertains the patrons while cooking several types of stir-fries.

Theme Restaurant: a restaurant with a consistent but out-of-the-ШrНТЧКrв НцМШr. A аОХХ-known example of a theme restaurant is the Medieval Times, which is designed to resemble a castle from the Middle Ages.

Task 2. Answer the questions to the text from Task 1. 1. Where is grilled food served? 2. What restaurant serves a variety of specialty coffee? 3. What restaurant serves ready-made foods like roast beef

sandwiches and potato salad? 4. Where can you watch a performance while eating? 5. What restaurant has roller skating waitresses? 6. In what restaurant can you eat while seating in your vehicle?

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7. What establishment offers a home delivery service and specializes in pizzas?

8. What does a pub offer? 9. What restaurant specializes in raw food? 10. What restaurant is rotating? How does it attract clients? 11. What establishment offers a large variety of teas? 12. What is a teppanyaki? 13. To what restaurant type belong the Medieval Times?

Task 3. Read and translate the following dialogues.

A. – АСв, ТП Тt ТsЧ‟t, BШЛ! NОЯОr ОбЩОМtОН tШ ЦООt вШЮ Кt tСТs МКПц. TСТs

is a small world. – Hi, Mike! How is life? – No complaints, thanks. How are things with you? – Nothing to boast of. Thank you. – Are you alone? – ВОs, I КЦ. I‟ХХ ЛО РХКН ТП вШЮ УШТЧ ЦО. DШ sТt НШаЧ СОrО. – АОХХ, BШЛ. It‟s ЧОКrХв ЦШЧtСs sТЧМО аО ЦОt ХКst. BООЧ КаКв? – Yes, I have just returned from Japan. – Was your trip successful? – ВОs, Тt аКs. АО‟ЯО sТРЧОН tаШ ЩrШПТtКЛХО МШЧtrКМts. – Congratulations! – Thanks a lot. I was about to order dinner when you came. What are

their specialties? – As a matter of fact, I dine here very often. So I know their

specialties. Let me do the ordering. – I НШЧ‟t ЦТЧН. – I suggest shrimp cocktail, tossed green salad, T-bone steaks with

plenty of onions and French fried potatoes and then coffee and fruit to follow and to finish with.

– No objections on my part, but make sure that my steak is well done. What shall we drink?

– I‟ХХ ШrНОr К ЛШttХО ШП SМШtМС ТП вШЮ НШЧ‟t ЦТЧН. – That will be great! – Waiter, take our order, please! One bottle of Scotch, two shrimp

cocktails, two tossed green salads, two T-bone steaks both well done

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with plenty of onions and French fries, two black coffees, apples and peaches. That will be all.

B. Waiter: Good evening. Steve: Good evening. I have a table booked for two under the name of

Reeds. Waiter: Yes, sir. Would you like to come this way? Can I take your

coat, Madame? Claire: Thank you. Waiter: Would you like this table by the window? Steve: That will be fine, thanks. Waiter: Would you like a drink before your meal? Claire: Yes. A dry sherry, please. Steve: Half of bitter for me. And could we see the menu? Waiter: Certainly, here it is. Waiter: Are you ready to order? Steve: Yes, I think so. Waiter: What would you like for starters, madam? Claire: I tСТЧk I‟ХХ СКЯО К sСrТЦЩ МШМktКТХ. Steve: And a smoked salmon for me, please. Waiter: Very good. And the main course? Steve: АОХХ, I МКЧ‟t НОМТНО ЛОtаООЧ tСО stОКk КЧН tСО МСТМkОЧ. АСКt НШ

you recommend? Waiter: BШtС КrО РШШН, ЛЮt ТП I аОrО вШЮ I‟Н СКЯО tСО stОКk. It‟s tСО

specialty of the house. Steve: O.K. I‟ХХ СКЯО tСО stОКk. MОНТЮЦ rКrО, ЩХОКsО. Waiter: And for you, madam? Claire: The chicken, I think. Waiter: Fine, madam. What would you like your steak with, sir? Maybe

some vegetables? Steve: Boiled potatoes and asparagus. Claire: NШ КsЩКrКРЮs ПШr ЦО. I‟ХХ СКЯО МКrrШts КЧН МКЮХТПХШаОr. AЧН НШ

you have new potatoes? Waiter: I‟Ц ЯОrв sШrrв, ЦКНКЦ. BЮt аО‟ЯО rЮЧ ШЮt ШП ЧОа ЩШtКtШОs.

They have been very popular this evening. Claire: OС, НОКr … АОХХ, I‟ХХ СКЯО ПrТОН ЩШtКtШОs tСОЧ. Waiter: Fine. Have you chosen your wine, sir?

35

Steve: ВОs. АО‟ХХ СКЯО К СКХП ЛШttХО of white Bordeaux and then a bottle of St Emilion.

Waiter: Certainly, sir. Will you want dessert? Claire: Ice cream for me, please. Steve: AЧН I‟Н ХТkО sШЦО ПrОsС ЩТЧОКЩЩХО. Waiter: Will you have coffee to follow? Steve: Coffee, Claire? Yes, two.

Task 4. Answer the questions. 1. Do you like to dine out? 2. What restaurant would you recommend to your friend from another

town? 3. What do usually order? 4. АСКt‟s вШЮr favourite dish? 5. Have you ever tried any exotic dish?

Task 5. Translate the sentences given in Ukrainian into English. – , . – I don‟t mind. – , ? – SШЦО СОrО. LОt‟s СКЯО К sЮЛstКЧtТКХ ХЮЧМС. – . ? – (pork chop) , ,

. – I НШЧ‟t ХТkО ЩШrk. I‟ХХ ШrНОr К ЦЮttШЧ МСШЩ аТtС FrОЧМС ПrТОs, tШssОН

green salad and coffee with cake.

Task 6. Provide your own remarks. 1. Do you have a reservation, sir? 2. Would you like this table by the window? 3. What would you like for starters? 4. What about the main course? 5. Shall I give you a few minutes to look at the menu? 6. I‟Ц sШrrв, sТr, ЛЮt аО‟ЯО rЮЧ ШЮt ШП СОrrТЧР. I МКЧ rОМШЦЦОЧН sКХtОН

salmon. 7. What would like with the veal? Maybe some vegetables? 8. Will you want dessert? I can strongly recommend fruit salad and

strawberries with cream.

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9. Would you like to choose a wine? 10. Here is your bill, sir.

Task 7. Translate into English. – ь, . ? – , . – , ь- . є? – , . – ? ? –

. . – . І ь . – , . ? – ь , ь- .

15: Cultural Differences in Business Communication Essential Vocabulary

admire assume be bang on ‟ behave complete a business deal essential establish exceed executive guidebook respect roll up sleeves rulebook seniority strict wink

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Task 1. Read and translate the text.

A World Guide to Good Manners How not to behave badly abroad (by Norman Ramshaw)

Travelling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. We live in a global village, but how well do we know and understand each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine you have arranged a meeting at four Ш‟МХШМk. АСКt tТЦО sСШЮХН вШЮ ОбЩОМt вШЮr ПШrОТРЧ ЛЮsТЧОss МШХХОКРЮО tШ КrrТЯО? IП tСОв‟rО GОrЦКЧ, tСОв‟ХХ ЛО ЛКЧР ШЧ tТЦО. IП tСОв КrО AЦОrТМКЧ, tСОв‟ХХ ЩrШЛКЛХв ЛО 15 ЦТЧЮtОs ОКrХв. IП tСОв‟rО BrТtТsС, tСОв‟ХХ ЛО 15 minutes late, and you should allow up to an hour for the Italians.

When the European Community began to increase in size, several guidebooks appeared giving advice on international etiquette. At first many people thought this was a joke, especially the British, who seemed to assume that the widespread understanding of their language meant a corresponding understanding of English customs. Very soon they had to change their ideas, as they realized that they had a lot to learn about how to behave with their foreign business friend.

For example: The British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss

business matters with a drink during the meal; the Japanese prefer to work while eating. Lunch is a time to relax and get to know one another, and they rarely drink at lunchtime.

The Germans like to talk business before dinner; the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. They have to be well fed and watered before they discuss anything.

Taking off your jacket and rolling up your sleeves is a sign of getting down to work in Britain and Holland, but in Germany people regard it as taking it easy.

American executives sometimes signal their feelings of ease and importance in their offices by putting their feet on the desk whilst on the telephone. In Japan, people would be shocked. Showing the soles of your feet is the height of bad manners. It is a social insult only exceeded by blowing your nose in public.

The Japanese have perhaps the strictest rules of social and business behavior. Seniority is very important, and a younger man should never be sent to complete a business deal with an older Japanese man. The Japanese business card almost needs a rulebook of its own. You must

38

exchange business card immediately on meeting because it is essential to ОstКЛХТsС ОЯОrвШЧО‟s stКtЮs КЧН ЩШsТtТШЧ.

When it is handed to a person in a superior position, it must be given or received with both hands, and you must take time to read it carefully, and not just put it in your pocket! Also the bow is a very important of greeting someone. You should not expect the Japanese to shake hands. Bowing the head is a mark of respect and the first bow of the day should be lower than when you meet thereafter.

The Americans sometimes find it difficult to accept the more formal Japanese manners. They prefer to be casual and more informal, as ТХХЮstrКtОН Лв tСО ЮЧТЯОrsКХ „HКЯО К ЧТМО НКв!‟ AЦОrТМКЧ аКТtОrs СКЯО К one-аШrН ТЦЩОrКtТЯО „EЧУШв!‟ TСО BrТtТsС, ШП МШЮrsО, КrО МШШХ КЧН reserved. The great topic of conservation between strangers in Britain is the weather – unemotional and impersonal. In America, the main topic ЛОtаООЧ strКЧРОrs Тs tСО sОКrМС tШ ПТЧН К РОШРrКЩСТМКХ ХТЧk. „OС, rОКХХв? ВШЮ ХТЯО ТЧ OСТШ? I СКН ЮЧ ЮЧМХО аСШ ШЧМО аШrkОН tСОrО.‟

„АСОn Тn RomО, Нo Кs tСО RomКns Нo.‟ Here are some final tips to travellers. IЧ FrКЧМО вШЮ sСШЮХНЧ‟t sТt НШаЧ ТЧ К МКПц ЮЧtТХ вШЮ‟ЯО sСКkОЧ

hands with everyone you know. In Afghanistan you should spend at least five minutes saying

hello. IЧ PКkТstКЧ вШЮ ЦЮstЧ‟t аТЧk. It‟s offensive. In the Middle East you must never use the left hand for greeting,

eating, drinking, or smoking. Also, you should take care not to admire КЧвtСТЧР ТЧ вШЮr СШst‟s СШЦО. TСОв аТХХ ПООХ tСКt tСОв СКЯО tШ РТЯО Тt tШ you.

In Russia you must match your hosts drink for drink or they will think that you are unfriendly.

In Thailand you should clasp your hands together to lower your head and your eyes when you greet someone.

In America you should eat your hamburger with both hands and as quickly as possible. ВШЮ sСШЮХНЧ‟t trв tШ СКЯО К МШЧЯОrsКtТШЧ ЮЧtТХ Тt Тs eaten.

Task 2. Answer the questions to text. 1. What nationalities are the most and the least punctual? 2. Why did the British think that everyone understood their customs?

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3. What nationalities do not like to eat and do business at the same time?

4. An American friend of yours is going to work in Japan. Give some КНЯТМО КЛШЮt СШа sСО/СО sСШЮХН КЧН sСШЮХНЧ‟t ЛОСКЯО.

5. Imagine you are at a party in (a) England (b) America. How could you begin a conversation with a stranger?

6. Which nationalities have rules of behaviour about hands? What are the rules?

7. АСв Тs Тt ЧШt К РШШН ТНОК tШ … a) … sКв tСКt вШЮ КЛsШХЮtОХв ХШЯО вШЮr EРвЩtТКЧ ПrТОЧН‟s ЯКsО. b) … РШ tШ RЮssТК ТП вШЮ НШЧ‟t НrТЧk КХМШСШХ. c) … sКв „HТ! SОО вШЮ ХКtОr!‟ аСОЧ вШЮ КrО ТЧtrШНЮМОН tШ sШЦОШЧО

in Afghanistan. d) … НТsМЮss ЩШХТtТМs аТtС вШЮr AЦОrТМКЧ ПrТОЧН ТЧ К MМDШЧКХНs.

16: Attending a Conference. Rules of Presentation Writing. Essential Vocabulary

maintain eye contact participant participate ь panel , purpose roundtable showcase workshop

Task 1. Read the text about general points of scientific conference. Here are some session formats commonly used at scientific

conference. o Guest speaker (a formal lecture, often using audiovisuals,

followed by a question-and-answer period) o Panel (short talks by three or presenters, including session

leader, followed by discussion among the participants) o Workshop (an intensive, interactive educational program) o Roundtable (a guided discussion of specific issues of common

concern) o Showcase (a collection of exhibits, programs, or activities on a

common theme)

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o Interest Group Meeting (a peer discussion group) o SЩОКkОr‟s CШrЧОr (К 15- to 20-minute noncommercial talk on a

topic related to science centres).

Task 2. Read and translate the text. If you want me to speak for five minutes – I need two weeks to

prepare. If you want me to speak for an hour – I need a week to prepare. IП вШЮ НШЧ‟t ЦТЧН СШа ХШЧР I sЩОКk, I‟ХХ РОt ЮЩ КЧН НШ Тt ЧШа. (Unknown)

Tips for Successful Public Speaking • Appearance, movements and body language Check your clothes and general appearance. Adopt open, relax

posture and keep calm. • Voice Concentrate on speaking and make sure people can hear you. A tip

from the professionals is to deliver lower the tone of your voice. It would sound more pleasant and will help to keep you calm.

• Visual aids and use of the overhead projector Make sure that they are clear, easy to read, and relevant. The rule is:

one new slide for each main point you want to make. Practice operating before you start your talk and check that everybody in the room can see the screen.

• Content and structure People pay most attention to the beginning and to the end of the

presentation. Say what you are going to say, say it, and then sum up the main points. Limit what you want to say maximum to 5 main points.

• Audience perception Speak directly to the audience, every member of the audience;

maintain constant eye contact with them. If you have to speak to a large КЮНТОЧМО, ТЦКРТЧО tСКt вШЮ‟rО tКХkТЧР tШ К РrШЮЩ ШП 3 Шr 4, КЧН sЩОКk tШ К small group. Put yourself into the audience shoes.

Task 3. Study the presentation phrases.

Giving an Oral Presentation

Sub-skills Functions Recommended exponents

Introducing a

presentation

Greeting and introducing oneself

Good morning/afternoon. My ЧКЦО‟s …/I КЦ … Let me introduce myself. Let me start by saying a few words about …

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General

professional

environment

and routine

Presenting the title/subject

The subject of my presentation is … The focus of my paper (academic) Тs … TШНКв I‟Н ХТkО tШ tКХk КЛШЮt … I‟Ц РШТЧР tШ tОХХ вШЮ sШЦОtСТЧР КЛШЮt …

Specifying the purpose/ objective

We are here today to НОМТНО/КРrОО/ХОКrЧ КЛШЮt … The purpose of the talk/presentation Тs … The talk/presentation is designed to …

Signposting the presentation

Mв ЩrОsОЧtКtТШЧ аТХХ ЛО ТЧ … ЩКrts. FТrst/FТrstХв/FТrst ШП КХХ, I‟ХХ РТЯО вШЮ … Second/SeconНХв/NОбt/TСОЧ, … LКstХв/FТЧКХХв/ХКst ШП КХХ … I‟ЯО НТЯТНОН Цв ЩrОsОЧtКtТШЧ ТЧtШ … ЩКrts/sОМtТШЧs. TСОв КrО … I‟ХХ ЛО НОЯОХШЩТЧР … ЦКТЧ ЩШТЧts. TСО ПТrst ЩШТЧt аТХХ … SОМШЧН … LКstХв …

Sequencing

and linking

ideas

Sequencing/ ordering

FТrstХв…, sОМШЧНХв …, tСТrНХв … TСОЧ … NОбt … FТЧКХХв/ХКstХв … . LОt‟s stКrt аТtС … LОt‟s ЦШЯО/РШ ШЧtШ … NШа аО МШЦО tШ … TСКt ЛrТЧРs Юs tШ … LОt‟s ХОКЯО tСКt … TСКt МШЯОrs … LОt‟s РШ ЛКМk tШ … LОt ЦО tЮrЧ ЧШа tШ …

Giving reasons/causes

Therefore So, As a result, Consequently,

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TСКt‟s аСв, TСТs Тs ЛОМКЮsО ШП … TСТs Тs ХКrРОХв НЮО tШ … It МШЮХН ХОКН tШ … It ЦКв rОsЮХt ТЧ …

Contrasting But OЧ tСО ШtСОr СКЧН, … AХtСШЮРС …. IЧ sЩТtО ШП tСТs, … HШаОЯОr, …

Comparing Similarly, In the same way,

Contradicting In fact, Actually,

Highlighting … ТЧ ЩКrtТМЮХКr. … ОsЩОМТКХХв

Digressing By the way, In passing,

Giving examples

For example, For instance, Such as A РШШН ОбКЦЩХО ШП tСТs Тs … TШ ТХХЮstrКtО tСТs ЩШТЧt, …

Generalizing Usually Generally As a rule

Involving the

audience

Asking rhetorical questions

АСКt‟s tСО ОбЩХКЧКtТШЧ ПШr tСТs? How can we explain this? How can we do about it? HШа аТХХ tСТs КППОМt…? АСКt КrО tСО ТЦЩХТМКtТШЧs ПШr …?

Referring to the audience

As I‟Ц sЮrО, вШЮ kЧШа/аО‟Н КХХ КРrОО … We have all eбЩОrТОЧМОН … ВШЮ ЦКв rОЦОЦЛОr …

Describing and

analyzing

Describing performance to

TСО … ЩОrПШrЦОН аОХХ/ЩШШrХв. TСО … СКs/СКЯО sСШаЧ

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performance date considerable/slight growth/ ТЦЩrШЯОЦОЧt/ НОМrОКsО …

Analyzing performance

The main explanation for this Тs … A particular/one/another/ reason is … A kОв ЩrШЛХОЦ Тs …

Describing trends, charts and graphs

There is/has been a light/dramatic/considerable/significant/ moderate decrease/ fall/drop/collapse/rise/increase in … … rОЦКТЧ(s)/СКs rОЦКТЧОН constant/stКЛХО… …СКs/СКЯО decreased/increased/fallen/risen dramatically/ considerably/slightly/moderately.

Using visual

aids

Preparing the audience for a visual

NШа, ХОt‟s ХШШk Кt tСО ЩШsТtТШЧ ШП … NШа, I‟ХХ sСШа вШЮ tСО … FШr … tСО sТtЮКtТШЧ Тs ЯОrв НТППОrОЧt Let‟s ЦШЯО ШЧ ЧШа КЧН ХШШk Кt … TСО ЧОбt sХТНО sСШаs … IП аО ЧШа tЮrЧ tШ tСО … TСТs МСКrt МШЦЩКrОs … КЧН … The (upper) part of the slide gives ТЧПШrЦКtТШЧ КЛШЮt … ВШЮ МКЧ sОО СОrО tСО … I‟Н ХТkО tШ НrКа вШЮr КttОЧtТШЧ tШ …

Focusing the КЮНТОЧМО‟s attention

ВШЮ МКЧ sОО tСО … As вШЮ МКЧ sОО … АСКt Тs ТЧtОrОstТЧР/ТЦЩШrtКЧt Тs … I‟Н ХТkО tШ НrКа вШЮr КttОЧtТШЧ tШ … NШtТМО/OЛsОrЯО tСО … It is important/interesting to notice tСКt …

Ending a

presentation

Summarizing TШ sЮЦ ЮЩ … IЧ ЛrТОП …

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IЧ sСШrt … I‟Н ХТkО tШ sЮЦ ЮЩ ЧШа … I‟ХХ ЛrТОПХв sЮЦЦКrТгО tСО ЦКТЧ issues. LОt ЦО sЮЦЦКrТгО ЛrТОПХв аСКt I‟ЯО said. If I can just sum up the main points, … At tСТs stКРО I„Н ХТkО tШ rЮЧ tСrШЮРС/ tШ РШ ШЯОr … LОt‟s rОМКЩ, sСКХХ аО?

Concluding IЧ МШЧМХЮsТШЧ, … TШ МШЧМХЮНО … As you can see, there are some very РШШН rОКsШЧs … I‟Н ХТkО tШ ХОКЯО вШЮ аТtС tСО following thought/idea.

Recommending My/Our suggestion/proposal/recommendatiШЧ аШЮХН ЛО/Тs tШ … АО rОМШЦЦОЧН/I‟Н ХТkО tШ sЮРРОst/ЩrШЩШsО sОttТЧР ЮЩ …

Closing formalities

I‟d be happy to answer any questions. IП вШЮ СКЯО КЧв qЮОstТШЧs, I‟Н ЛО pleased to answer them. I would welcome any comments/suggestions. Thank you for your attention.

Handling

questions

Clarifying questions

SШ, аСКt КrО вШЮ КskТЧР Тs … If I understand the question correctly, you would like to know … АСОЧ вШЮ sКв … НШ вШЮ ЦОКЧ …? I‟Ц sШrrв, I НТНЧ‟t СОКr. АСТМС slide was it? Sorry, could you repeat that? I‟Ц ЧШt sЮrО аСКt вШЮ КrО РОttТЧР

45

at.

Avoiding giving an answer

Perhaps we could deal with that later. Can we talk about that another time? I‟Ц КПrКТН tСКt‟s ЧШt Цв ПТОХН. I НШЧ‟t СКЯО tСО ПТРЮrОs аТtС ЦО. I‟Ц sЮrО Mr. Б МШЮХН КЧsаОr tСКt question. TСКt‟s ТЧtОrОstТЧР, ЛЮt I‟Н ЩrОПОr ЧШt to answer that today. I‟Ц КПrКТН I‟Ц ЧШt tСО rТРСt ЩОrsШЧ to answer that. Could we leave that till later? I‟Ц ЧШt sЮrО tСТs Тs tСО rТРСt place/time to discuss this particular question.

Checking the questioner is satisfied

May we go on? Does that answer your question? Is that clear?

Task 4. Study the sample of presentation. Dear friends and colleagues, MКв I аОХМШЦО вШЮ ШЧ ЛОСКХП ШП… Mв ЧКЦО Тs…, ХОt ЦО stКrt Лв

РТЯТЧР ШЮr tОrЦs ШП rОПОrОЧМО. Mв КТЦ tШНКв Тs tШ НТsМЮss… I СКЯО НТЯТНОН Цв rОЩШrt ТЧtШ tаШ ЩКrts. FТrst, I аШЮХН ХТkО tШ tКХk КЛШЮt… Secondly, I am going to anaХвгО… TСТs аТХХ tКkО КЛШЮt tаОЧtв ЦТЧЮtОs. To save time, could we leave questions until the end? Right. First of all, УЮst К ПОа аШrНs КЛШЮt tСО СТstШrв ШП tСО sЮЛУОМt… NШа ПШr tСО ЦКТЧ ЩrШЛХОЦ. TСОrО Тs КЧ ОssОЧtТКХ НТППОrОЧМО ЛОtаООЧ… TЮrЧТЧР ЧШа tШ tСО ЩШssТЛТХТtТОs, I ЦЮst sКв tСКt tСОrО Тs К МСШТМО ШП tаШ МШЮrsОs ШП КМtТШЧ. … NОбt аО МШЦО tШ ШЮr rОМШЦЦОЧНКtТШЧs… I have prepared a dialed list of ТssЮОs tШ НТsМЮss… МШЮХН вШЮ СКЧН КrШЮЧН tСОsО ХОКПХОts, ЩХОКsО? That concludes my talk. Please feel free to ask questions.

Task 5. Make up a presentation speech on the following topic: You are heading a big Ukrainian company specializing in distributing

goods within Ukraine and you are planning to enter a European market.

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This is the reason why you are going to participate in EXPO-2015 held in Hannover to present the possibilities of you company.

І

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