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Px40 PRP IEC62439Parallel Redundancy Protocol

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Ethernet

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Ethernet for power Utility

Ethernet has become the main technology in utility domain forProtection & Control Replacing legacy analogue copper wired infrastructure

Replacing legacy serial communication (RS485 etc)

Replace legacy proprietary protocol to well standardized protocol:

IEC 61850

Schneider Electric - End User Business Group - Cities Business - Energy Division - Energy Automation 3

But Ethernet has to cope with several issues Cyber security (easier remote access)

No quality of Service (a sent message can be lost)

Not so easy to understand and to configure for power Engineers Bringing new challenges when testing the Substation functions

Protocol like IEC 61850 imposing high Availability

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Ethernet protocol needs for Power Utility

To ensure IEC 61850 messaging, Ethernet should guaranty: Availability of the goose transmission / Ensure no data is lost.

A GOOSE is transported by a pure Ethernet frame therefore without any data layer ensuring that the packet isreceived (like MMS)

IEC 61850 protocol is specifying a fast repetition to avoid any loss of information

Have the shortest Ethernet network reconfiguration time

In case of a link is cut we have to avoid to loose messa es / ackets and es eciall in case of avalanche or tri


order

But during this reconfiguration time there is no message exchange between application/IEDs

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Ethernet protocol Techniques

Redundancy is a must have for Protection Schemes based onGOOSE and especially for high availability environment(substation, electro intensive user, etc)

2 kinds of redundancy techniques exist:Active redundancy:

Both links are active at the same time

Passive redundancy:


ne n s ac ve, e o er one s n s an y mo e

The network reconfiguration takes time

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Ethernet protocol Techniques

Redundancy is a must have for Protection Schemes based onGOOSE and especially for high availability environment(substation, electro intensive user, etc)

Many Redundancy protocols exist:Standardized STP, RSTP (passive redundancy)

The reconfiguration time is N milliseconds * Nb of Nodes =>

Leading to up to 200 ms without communication (N from 5 to 50ms)


Proprietary: eRSTP, SHP, DHP, etc

These protocols are proprietary and thus do not allow mix ofmanufacturers. It is challenging to create a substation with differentmain1/main2 makes

Standardized HSR, PRP (active redundancy)

This is what is presented here, it is bringing: Interoperability and interchangeability

0 ms reconfiguration time thus no loss of data

Full compatibility with the IEC 61850 requirements

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PRP

Parallel Redundancy Protocol

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PRP (IEC 62439-3 Clause 4)

Ethernet redundancy method independent of any Ethernet protocol

Seamless (0ms) switchover and recovery in case of failure thus supports real-time communication

Redundancy supervised continuously for device managementSuitable for hot swap - 24h/365d operation in substations

Allows

Mixing single and double network attachment devices on the same LAN (not


Thus connect laptops and workstations to the network with standard Ethernetadapters (not redundant devices)

Uses off-the shelf components (network interfaces, controllers, switches)

Supports any network topology (Star, Ring, Mesh)

Suited particularly for substation automation, high-speed drives andtransportation

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switch switch

Local Area Network B

switchswitch

switchswitch

Local Area Network A

DANPDANP = Doubly Attached Node

(PRP)

PRP A framesPRP B framesstandard frames

= SinglyAttachedNode

SAN

source

PRP Network Architecture


DANP DANP SANDANP DANP

Two Ethernet networks (LANs) , completely separated, operate in parallel.

Each doubly attached node with PRP (=DANP) has an interface to each LAN.

A DANP source sends a frame simultaneously on both LANs.attention

A DANP destination receives in normal operation both frames and discards the duplicate.

A singly attached destination only receives one.If a LAN fails, a DANP destination operates with the frames from the other LAN.

DANP SANSAN

destinations destinations

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switch switch

Local Area Network B

switchswitch

switchswitch

Local Area Network A

DANPDANP = Doubly Attached Node

(PRP)

PRP A framesPRP B framesstandard frames

= SinglyAttachedNode

SANsource

= RedBox(SAN / PRP)

PRP Network Architecture


DANP DANP SANDANP DANP

Two Ethernet networks (LANs) , completely separated, operate in parallel.

Each doubly attached node with PRP (=DANP) has an interface to each LAN.

A DANP source sends a frame simultaneously on both LANs.attention

A DANP destination receives in normal operation both frames and discards the duplicate.

A singly attached destination only receives one.If a LAN fails, a DANP destination operates with the frames from the other LAN.

DANP SANSAN

destinations destinations

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LAN BLAN A

Px40 Network Topology example


Px4x Px4x Px4x

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Frame identification

PRP PRP tag is at the end of the frame in order to be interoperable with todays (not PRP) switches


HSR HSR tag is at the beginning of the frame in order to transmit further without delay

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PRP in Px4x

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Px4x PRP relays

PRP is available in the following existing Ethernet board:

2 optical links 100 Base FX Interface

Wavelength: 1300nm Fibre: multi-mode 50/125m or 62.5/125m

Connector style: BFOC 2.5 - (ST)


Irig-B modulated or demodulated (ordering option)

Px4x...N...K for modulated Irig-B

Px4x...P...K for de-modulated Irig-B

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Px4x PRP relays

Cost, transfer price and selling prices:

As the PRP option is using the same Ethernet card than today's SHRor DHP and provides the same functionality, the costs, the transferprices and the selling prices are the same as for SHR or DHP:

Px4x...N...K is equivalent to Px4x...G...K or Px4x...L...K

(modulated Irig-B)


... ... ... ... ... ...

(de-modulated Irig-B)

UK made only (Stone), not planned to be made in China*

*: Made in China is part of Px4x rejuvenation (PRP & HSR)

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Px4x PRP relays

PRP is available in the following relays: Relay software

P141, 2, 3, 4, 5 46

P241, 2, 3 C7

P341, 2, 3, 4, 5 36

P341 DLR 71

P442 4 D6 & C7 c ber securit


P443, 5, 6 D0 P445 F0

P543, 4, 5, 6 C0 & D0

P642, 3, 5 03 & 04

P741, 3 51

P746 A0

P841A, B C0 & D0

P849 A0

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From a business perspective

2012 Cigr interoperability PRP/UCA booth in Paris: UCA Flyer available:


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From a business perspective

C264 and PC board: Sell planned for Sept 2013

For pilot projects please contact P.Y Legris (Lattes)

Px3x PRP: planned for Dec 2014


Business wise HSR and PRP is generally integrated into the Protective relays, the computers etc

This is optimizing the number of Ethernet switches required

This is also minimizing the number of links (fiber or copper)

This is simplifying the Network configuration

HSR/PRP in a complex Substation could improve theoverall Ethernet cost by more than 50%

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From a Engineering perspective

Engineering wise HSR is usually using direct ring topology

PRP is usually using direct star topology

HSR is preferred to connect all the IEDs mounted in the same cubicle

No additional switch is needed

But the communication bandwidth used is multiplied

It is not possible to connect a laptop to this network but to the RedBox


s pre erre o n erconnec e cu c es an e on ro ys em

An additional switch is needed

But the communication bandwidth used is normal

RSTP can be preferred for lower end Protection and Control

As a very cost effective solution

But has a reconfiguration time

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Next

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Future optimised Network Topology

Ring A

HSR HSR

Ring B


RedBox 1 RedBox 2 RedBox 3 RedBox 4PRP

Network 1

Network 2

RedBox from Moxa for ex.

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BACK UP


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Highly available automation networks

Automation networks require a high availability to ensure continuous

plant operation.

Beyond high quality elements and good maintenance, availability isincreased by redundant elements(links, switches, interfaces or


devices) activated automatically in case of failure.

Redundancy activation after a failure often costs recovery time, duringwhich the network is unavailable. The plant must be able to tolerate

such interruption of service. This applies to fault situations, removal andinsertion of redundancy.

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Highly available automation networks

IEC SC65C WG15 standardized in the IEC 62439 Suite several

methods to implement high availability networks, divided into two maincategories:

- redundancy in the network, e.g. redundant rings, with devicesattached to a single switch only (singly attached devices), while the


sw tc es r ges mp ement re un ancy e.g. us ng

- redundancy in the devices, using devices with two network interfacesattached to redundant networks (doubly attached devices)

This presentation describes the Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP),a redundancy in the devices method, that provides bumplessswitchover in case of failure or reintegration.

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Px40 PRP Implementation

Use of Existing Redundant Ethernet Hardware

Redundancy IEC62439 (2012) PRP1

Integration of PRP Management based on Industry standard FPGA Code

PRP Supervision Frame in Ethernet board Application Firmware

Core code developed by Zurich University and is the basis of the implementationfor a number of Industrial companies


Redundancy operation is transparent to the protection relay applications

P142 Prototype available for demonstration

Validation in final stages prior to release into products

Standard solution for Px40 Platform / PACiS

Interoperability testing completed in conjunction with GE, SEL, Toshiba, ZIV,

ABB and Siemens (and Alstom Grid)

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P545

PSLVIP1 VOP1

P545

PSLVIP1 VOP1

P545

PSLVIP1 VOP1

Px40 PRP Demonstration

Scheme Logic and GOOSE Communication


IEC61850GOOSE

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PRP Demonstration - Test Cases

Test Case Application Alarm LAN A Alarm LAN B

Loss of Fibre LAN A

Loss of Fibre LAN B

Loss of Fibre LAN A + B


Loss of Switch LAN A

Loss of Switch LAN B

Loss of IED

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Schneider Electric Ethernet Redundancy

Use of IEC61850 over Ethernet demands reliable networking

Required for Station BusCritical for Process Bus (GOOSE Messaging / IEC61850-9-2)

Redundant Ethernet (proprietary) available for 6 years

MiCOM IEDs (C264 / Px40)


MiCOM Switches (H34 / H35)Redundant Ethernet Protocols

RSTP

Dual Homing Star (Proprietary)

Self Healing Ring (Proprietary) Issues with Inter-operability / Recovery time

Need to adapt to IEC62439 Standard (Issued in 2010)

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Make the most ofyour energy

Documents

045 PRP