LJl\aHaK npl1MlbeH 15. 1. 2000.Y~K 78.01/119/1(497.11)

MUWKO illyBaKoBuh

EOETII1KA MY3111KE XX BEKA Y CPIiIl1JII1.L\eo II: HeHMaHeHTHa H HMaHeHTHa eCTeTHKa My3HKe

ECTETVlKA MY3V1KE VI HAYKE 0 Kt-bVl>KEBHOCTVI

ECTen1Ka My3l1Ke ao epI1I\030epCKO, onurre reopnjcxo 111\11 onurre Hay4HonpOMI1W/ba~e My311Ke uacrajaxa je (a) 113 HayKa 0 K~I1)f(eBHOCTI1 npl1MeHOM Te-Opl1jCKI1X, HaY4HI1X, epl11\030epCKI1X 111\11 eCTeTI14KI1X rl\ef.I1WTa Ha rurra-sa 0 MY-311UI1, (6) 113 CaCBI1M 1\114HOr I1CKYCTBa cl\ywa~a My311Ke 11 (B) 113 uenocpezuor(craapaxa-ucor) 111\11 nocpexuor (peuerrnieuor) Y4eCTBOBa~-ba y er311cTeHuI1jl1'CBeTa MY3I1Ke'. 511THI1 cy 11 yruuaj uayica 0 K~I1)f(eBHOCTI1, 110 noce6HO reopujeKpl1TI1 e111 11 nOeTI1Ke,112 ua eCTeTI14Ke CTaBOBe KOMn03I1Topa, My3114 KI1X KpI1TI1--rapa 11 MY311KOl\ora. 111

nO/\a31-1 ce 113 CY04e~ba f.OMeHd MeTaepl13114KI1X 11 epopMa/\HI1X rurrau.a 0 aajef.HWIKOM nopeK/\Y My311Ke 11 noeauje.'!' MOlY ce HaBeCTI1 onurre pacflpaBe 11 re-opuje My3114Kor cneUI1epl14HOr KdpaKTepd 'fleCHI14KOr je3l1Ka' y pacnpaaasaaEpauka Aaaapeeuha. l)op1)a AH1)el\l1na 11 BI1HKa BI1Te3I1ue. ll5 Taxobe, nocraao,a-jy ce onurra epl11\030epcKa vi ecreru-uca rurrau.a 0 611THI1M 'aYTopI1Ma' K~I1)f(eBHOCTI1, My311Ke, epl1/\03oepl1je 11 KY/\Type; jef.aH TaKaB flpl1Mep je ecrerwuco-eceju-CH14Ka pacnpasa bpauxa Aaaapesaha 5eToBeHoBoM f.e/\y.11b Aasapeenh je yepparMeHTapHI1M eCTeTI14KI1M Cfll1CI1Ma 117 'npojexroaao' YHI1Bep3a/\I1CTI14 Kyusouuenuujy yMeTHocTI1 11 My311Ke aacuoaauy ua I1MflpeCI10HI1CTI14KI1 opujeuruca-HOj reopu] 11 epl1/\030epl1jl1 K~bl1)f(eBHOCTI1. 3aTI1M, Kpl1TI14KI1 11 eCTeTI-14KI-1 TeKCTO-811 V1cl1f.ope CeKYl\l1n11') Of.HOCe ce Ha rurrau.a napazorrvarcxor '6I1HapHor' pd3-/\I1KOBa~ba noanuu]a Bart-epa 11 H114ea.120 VlHf.I1KaTI1BaH npl1Mep npeaouaaan.anoeanje 3aMI-1C/\I1Md, a/\11 11 MeTaepopaMa, My311Ke 11 My3114Kor 113BeO je fleCHI1KCBeTl1c/\aB Crediauoauh y ecejy neCHI1K MY311yap A,'WepHOH LJapAc CBI1H6epHyKa3yjynl1 ua 'MeTaepl13114KI1 Of.HOC' CBI1H6eprOBe noesu]e 11 Baruepose My311-Ke.12l neCHI1K 11 K~I1)f(eBHI1 Kpl1TI14ap TOf.0P MaHoj/\oBl1n ycnoCTaBI10 je, nopenucau.a My3114Ke KpI1TI1Ke, eCTeTI14Ka crajaxuurra oja cy f.yroBa/\a MOf.epHI1CTI14-KOM npucryny 113Bef.eHOM ua OCHOBaMa I1MflpeCI10HI13Ma 11 eKCnpeCI-10HI13Ma. 122

127

HOBI1 3ByK

y 1-13BeCHI-1M npucryrueaa nOl\a31-1 ce OL\ nl-1Tal-ba a yKyCy, Of>.HOCHO a YCI\O-BI-1Ma aHal\1-13e 1-1 npocyhuaau.a KOHKpeTHor KI-bI-1>KeBHOr 1-1, 3aTI-1M, YMeTHI-14Kor f>.e-xa. vb 1-13rpa1)eHor KI-bI-1>KeBHOr yKyca, xao eraacreuuajaxuor 1-1 KOHCTI-1TYTI-1BHorOKBl-1pa MOf>.epHOr 6yp>KOaCKOr 40BeKa, uacraje paayveaau,e noceouor 1-11\1-1 on-urrer y yMeTHocTI-1 1-1 TI-1Me ce pasauja I-1HTepeCOBal-be 1-1 aa f>.O>KI-1Blbaj 1-11\1-1 paayve-Bal-be My3I-1Ke. 123 MY31-14KI-1 yKyC ce npeL\04aBa xao Hacl\ynyjyna 1-11\1-1 1-13Bef>.eHa no-Cl\eL\l-1ua 'KI-bI-1>KeBHOr yxyca' L\OMI-1HaTHOr aa epl-1l\OI\OWKY KYI\TYPY KaKBa jecpncxa.!" npl-1Mepl-1 cy npl-1roL\HI-1 TeKCT 50rf>.aHa [lonoaaha CollegiumMusicum,125 al\l-1 1-1 CaCBI-1M npeUI-13HI-1 eCTeTI-14KI-1 KOHuenT Of>.HOCa 'HayKe' 1-1 'Y>KI-1-aau.a' 1-13HeCeH y ~beroBoM npecrosopy npsoj Kl-b1-131-1 CTYAl-1ja a MY31-1UI-1 Ml-1l\ojaMl-1l\ojeBl-1na. 126 0 50rAaHy nonoBl-1ny 1-1 l-berOBOM Of>.HOCY npewa My3I-1UI-1, uanpl-1Mep, neTap KOI-bOBl-1n ruuue cxezehe: "Y CBOjl-1M npeAaBal-bl-1Ma, ua YHI-1Bep-31-1TeTy, boraau Flonoeuh, roeopehu a yMeTHOCTI-1, BPI\O I-1CUpnHO TpeTl-1pa My31-1-Ky, ojy je zobpo noauaaao: OH joj yBeK f>.aje npBo MeCTO y 061\aCTI-1 f>.yxoBHe KYI\-Type 1-1 Me1)y YMeTHocTI-1Ma. To ne ce 0f>.pa31-1H1 acuu]e 1-1 y Be31-1 C Ml-1l\ojeMMl-1l\ojeBl-1neM."127

KapaKTepl-1CTI-14HI-1 npl-1Mepl-1 cy 1-1 I-1HTepnpeTaTI-1BHI-1 ecejl-1cTI-14KI-1 'Of>.rOBO-pl-1' KOMn031-1TOpa Ml-1l\oja MI-11\ojeBI-1na 128 1-1 MY31-1Kol\ora CTaHe l)ypl-1n-Kl\ajH 129 uanucau,e a MY31-1UI-1 K~I-1>KeBHI-1X TeOpeTI-14apa 1-1 Kpl-1TI-14apa JOBaHa Ckepxnha. 50r-f>.aHa llonoeuha 1-1 V1cl-1f>.ope CeKYl\l-1n. OBI-1 TeKCTOBI-1 cy I-1HTepeCaHTHI-1 nOWTOyKa3yjy ua rl\eAI-1WTa My31-14apa (cycjexra CBeTa MY3I-1Ke) ua cytijexre CBeTa K~bl-1>KeBHOCTI-1 1-1 TI-1Me 'I-1HBepTyjy' y061-14ajeHI-1 pef>.ocl\ef>. f>.I-1CKyp3I-1BHe I-1HTepnpeTa-unje KOjl-1 BOAI-1 OL\ KI-bI-1>KeBHOCTI-1 xa My3I-1UI-1. Llpyrl-1M pe4l-1Ma, yxasy] ce uaycxoee 1-1 OKOI\HOCTI-1 ycnocrasa.au.a 'I-1HTepnpeTaTI-1BHI-1X pyrosa' y ceery My31-1-e 1-1 Ha I-bI-1XOBO 'npeycvepanau.e' a Apyrl-1M AI-1CUl-1nI\I-1HaMa. Hl-1je cavo y rnrra-~y KaKO 'KI-bI-1>KeBHOCT' BI11111 (4yje 1-1 npezo-iaaa) 'MY3I-1KY', Ben 1-1 KaKO 'MY3I-1Ka'(cy6jeKTI-1 MY3I-1Ke) npexo-raaa K~I-1>KeBHOCT 1-1 epl-1l\030epl-1jy, Of>.HOCHO, KaKO pac-npaaa,a npeao-raeau,e My31-1Ke y K~I-1>KeBHOCTI-1 1-1 ep1-11\030epl-1jl-1.

nl-1cal-be a My3I-1UI-1, xo]e cy CnpOBe1\1-1 ayTopl-1 (nucuu) aaaurapz,e f>.Baf>.eCe-TI-1X rof>.I-1Ha 1-1 nocraaaurapae (3aMI-1CI\I-1 'nosparxa pezy' /call to order/ 1-11\1-1 3aMI-1-CI\I-1 zpyurraeuo opujeurucauor YMeTHI-1YKOr paAa /couujaxue yMeTHocTI-1/) rpnz,e-cerux rozuua npecraje Aa 6yAe nucau,e a 'HeBVlHoj' npVlpOAI-1, >KVlBOTHOj paaocruVlI\Vl Ty3Vl, lby6aBI-1, CMpTI-1, Y3BVlweHoM, He>KHOM Vl 60>KaHCKOM. f-bVlXOBO nucau,enocraje 'roBOP' a f>.pyWTBy, KYI\TYpVl Vl YMeTHoCTVl. 130 nOI\Vl>KaHpOBCKVl 1J 1 yMeT-HI-1YKVl CnI-1CVl, xao KOf>. MapKa PI-1CTVlna, TeMaTI-13yjy rurrau.a f>.O>KVlBlbaja, pa3yMe-aau.a 1-1 onuerrryaxue ynorpetie "rewa f>.pywTBa, KYI\Type Vl YMeTHocTI-1'; C f>.pyrecrpaue, OHI-1 nocrajy nOl\eMVl4Ke pacnpase y npoueny Vl3Me1)y aaaurapze, MOf>.ep-He Vl COUVl jal\Ho opujeurucaue K~bVl>KeBHOCTVl.132 Kasa ce rosopu a PVlCTVlny, no-crae/sajy ce Vl rnrran,a 'ecTeTVl4KI-1X' Vl 'YMeTHVl4KO-K~I-1>KeBHVlX' oxaupa -seroeor'aeaurapsuor' Of>.HOCa ca KOMn031-1TOpOM MVll\ojeM MVll\ojeBl-1neM y peal\Vl3auVljVlcueucxor f>.el\a Cotispeee MeT;\a .133

OTKpl'1Ba ce 1-1 napaL\OKCal\HO Vl nOl\eMVl4 KO Tparal-be sa 'HOBVlM', 'ApyrVlM'1-11\1-1 'enOTVl4HVlM' y BaHeBponCKVlM Kyl\TypaMa, Ha npVlMep, y Cnl-1CVlMa MOAepHI-1-

128

M. WyBaKOBMn: ECTeTMKa My3MKe XX eexe y Cp6MjM

CH14Kor neCHI-1Ka PaCTKa llerpoeaha 1-1, ca pediepeuuava Ka MY31-1UI-1 (Ue3YIjazzf) , KOll. ll.all.aI-1CTe Aparaua AAeKCl-1na. 134 KapaKTepl-1CTI-14Ha je 1-1 Kpl-1TI-1Kaaaaurapxue J,1 MOll.epHI-1CTI-14Ke 'MOll.e' 3aCHOSaHe Ha aeppl-14Koj yMeTHocTI-1 135 1-1MY31-1UI-1 KOll. MOM41-1Aa HaCTaCl-1jeBl-1na136, KOjl-1 ce saxaxe aa nospara '1-13BOP-HOM' 1-1 'aYTeHTI-14HOM' apxajcxor (MI-1TCKOr) npanopexxa 'KOll. caor' uapoz,a. npO-6AeMCKI-1 OKSI-1P I-1HTepll.I-1CUl-1nAI-1HapHOCTI-1 137 yxasyje ce y Oll.HOCY aaaurapxuaxnpojexara '6aAKaHCKOr 6ap6aporeHI-1ja' 3eHI-1TI-1CTe /by6oMI-1pa Ml-1ul-1na 1-1 '6aA-KaHCKe MY31-1Ke' Iocuna CAaSeHCKOr. 138

3aTI-1M, uacra]e 06pT 1-13 KI-bI-1>KeSHOr I-1HTepeCOSal-ba aa My31-1Ky y I-1HTepe-coaau.e aa My31-1KoAorl-1jy 1-1 eCTeTI-1KY My31-1Ke 41-1Me ce ycnocraaa.a nOCe6aH BI-1ll.'eCTeTI-1Ke MY31-1Ke' KOjl-1 ce MO>Ke Ha3SaTI-1 'MY3I-1KOAOWKO-eCTeTI-14KI-1 ecej'. Ka-paKTepl-1CTI-14He epl-1rype osor npucryna cy CTaHI-1CAaS BI-1HaSep 139 1-1 naSAe CTe-epaHOSl-1n. 140

CTaHI-1CAaB BI-1HaBep je ycnocTaBI-10 Teopl-1jcKI-1 npeAa3 all. HerOBaHor 1-106pa30saHor cAywaoua 1-1 lby6J,1Telba My31-1Ke Kao Kpl-1TI-14apa ll.O Kpl-1TI-14apa 1-1eCTeTI-14apa MOll.epHe My31-1Ke. 3Ha4ajHa cy 1-1 BI-1HaSepOsa 1-13Y4aBal-ba rosopa.pl-1TMa 1-1 CTI-1Xa. 14 1 BI-1HaSep je yxaaao Ha epl-1A030epCKe, KI-bI-1>KeSHO-Teopl-1jcKe 1-1eCTeTI-14Ke MorynHocTI-1 5eprCOHOBe eCTeTI-1Ke,142 oja je y nepnocy 1-13Me1)y ll.BaCBeTCKa paTa 61-1Aa yruuajua y 6eOrpall.CKI-1M KI-bI-1>KeBHo-epI-1A030epCKI-1M KpyroBI-1-Ma. 6ep,COHM3aM je uacrao xao KapaKTepl-1CTI-14aH nOll.TeTKCT KOjJ,1 je 'll.y60KO'yruuao ua 6J,1THe I-1HTYI-1TI-1SHO-XYMaHI-1CTI-14Ke 143 1-1 YHI-1Bep3aAI-1CTI-14Ke KOHUenUI-1-je pa3YMesal-ba MOll.epHe My31-1Ke y Cp6J,1jl-1. 144

naSAe Crerpauoanh je ycnoCTaBI-10 'll.I-1CKYpC' yHyTap ecejlKTJ,14KOr CY04e-~ba (npeceuau.a) epl-1A030epCKor MI-1Wlbel-ba 1-1 K~bl-1>KeSHOr nucau.a a yMeTHocTI-1

(K~I-1>KeSHOCTI-1, My31-1UI-1, AI-1KOBHI-1M yMeTHOCTI-1Ma, rearpy), Crerpauoeuhee Kpl-1-TI-14KI-1 1-1 eCTeTI-14KI-1 pall. paasujao ce all. auraxoaaue eCTeTI-1Ke My31-1Ke, HaCTaAe yOKBI-1PY 3aMI-1CAJ,1 couujaxuor peaAJ,13Ma npez, ~pyrl-1 CBeTCKI-1 paT, npexo 3aCHJ,1-aau.a YBJ,1ll.a y MOll.epHy yMeTHocT 1-1 My31-1Ky, ll.O OTBopeHe 1-1 HeKOH31-1CTeHTHe epe-HOMeHOAOrJ,1je My31-14Kor ll.eAa npea pa] >KI-1BOTa. 145 Crerpauoauheee npucryneMY31-1UI-1 Moryne je l-1ll.eHTl-1epI-1KOBaTI-1 xao:

(1) eCTeTI-14Ke, xasa ce 6asJ,1 OCHOBHI-1M 1-1 CYWTI-1HCKI-1M nl-1Tal-bl-1Ma a MY3J,1-UJ,1, Ha npl-1Mep, nl-1Ta~I-1Ma a ll.eepI-1Hl-1ca~bY MY3J,1Ke xao yMeTHOCTl-1, nu-Ta~bJ,1Ma a pa3AJ,1UI-1 ll.O>KJ,1Blbaja J,1 paavveaau.a MY3J,1Ke, nJ,1Ta~bJ,1Ma ca-3HajHI-1x Spell.HOCTI-1 My31-1Ke I-1Tll.;

(2) I-1CTOpl-1jcKe, xaaa ce 6asI-1 I-1CTOPl-1jCKI-1M J,1ll.eHTl-1epI-1KaUJ,1jaMa eCTeT1-14-KI-1X npo6AeMa My31-1Ke J,1AI-1 I-1CTOPJ,1jCKI-1M l-1ll.eHTI-1TeTJ,1Ma 1-1 KOHUenTI-1Mall.eAOBal-ba My3J,14apa (Eaxa, MaAepa, 5apaHOBJ,1na, Cxasencxor. MeHo-TJ,1ja, BY4KOSJ,1na, CTpaBI-1HCKor);

(3) KpJ,1TI-14Ke, az,a ce 6aBI-1 J,1ll.eHTl-1epI-1Kaul-1jaMa aKTyeAHOCTJ,1 J,1AI-1 caepe-MeHOCTI-1 My31-1Ke 1-1 ll.l-1cKypca (1-1 I-1HCTJ,1TyuVlja) a MY3I-1UI-1.

Crediauoauh y Kpaj~I-1M J,1HCTaHUaMa caor eCTeTJ,14KOr pacnpaBlba~ba aMY3V1UJ,1 yKa3yje Ha 'TeMelbHI-1 napasoxc', a TO je CY04e~e yKyca (MOnl-1 cvben.a),

129

HOBJ1 3ByK

enl-1CTeMOi\OWKl-1X 3aXTeBa (npncryna pa3yMeBal-by My3l-1Ke l-1 ~beHe 'f>.l-1jai\eKTl-1Ke'y csery) l-1 Hel-13peUl-1BOr (4y1)el-ba 'npez,' MY3l-1KOM). Ha3Ha4eHl-1 f>.paMaTl-14Hl-1 na-pasoxc otiexexcaaa CywTl-1HCKe Of>.i\l-1Ke 'XYMaHl-1CTl-14KOr'146 f>.O)Kl-1B/baja l-1 npef>.O--rasau.a My3V1Ke, a Ha ni\aHY nucau.a (ecriture) yKa3yje ce Ha xereporeuu XOPl-1-30HT ecejl-1CTl-14Ke147 pacnpase 0 My3V1Ul-1.

AHri\l-1CTa CBeT03ap 6pKl-1n je ca f>.Ba eceja ywao y np06i\eMaTl-1KY ecejn-CTl-14Ke eCTeTl-1Ke My3l-1Ke. Y cnl-1cy KOHC/JyueoBCKJ1 TpaKTaT 0 MPJ1UJ1 1413 YKa3ao jeua MorynHOCTl-1 npef>.04aBa~ba pa3YMeBal-ba My3l-1Ke l-1 l-beHl-1X epyHKUl-1ja yHyTapjef>.He aauesponcke xyxrype. Hseroa npl-1CTyn je KOMnapaTl-1BJH l-1 3JCHOBaH uanopebeu.y Kourpyuujeeor l-1 ni\aTOHOBor npl-1CTyna MY3l-1Ul-1 l-1 l-beHl-1M epYHKUl-1ja-Ma y f>.pyWTBy. Cnl-1C MY3J1YKe crpvtctvpe J1 neCHJ1WTBO ca nOCe6HJ1M OCBpTOM HaIICTpa)/(J1AOBO"149 nocseheu je f>.ei\Y Ml-1i\owa lIpu.aucor. 6pKl-1n je Y04l-10 l-1HTep-f>.l-1CUl-1ni\l-1HapHe nocryruce 'npeuoureu.a' MY3l-14Kl-1X xouuenara y f>.OMeH nocryna-xa rpabe-sa neCHl-14KOr f>.ei\a.

POMaHOnl-1CaU bopa Iiocnh je y l-1CTpa)Kl-1Bal-bl-1Ma yMeTHOCTl-1 'mixed media'nucao 0 eKCnepl-1MeHTl-1Ma Bi\af>.aHa PanOBaHOBl-1na 10,0 l-1 nepepopMaTl-1BHl-1M OKBl-1-pVlMa epi\yKcyca, 151 4l-1Me je yxaaao Ha cneUl-1epl-14HOCTl-1 YMeTHl-14Ke HeoaBaHrap-ne. 152 PanOMaH Kopf>.l-1n je l-13BeO caojespcrau llpl-1CTyn 4l-1Tal-ba caapeweuor Bl-1-WeMenl-1jcKor l-1CTpa)KVlBa~a KOMll03l-1TOpa Bxasaua PanOBaHOBl-1na. KOpnl-1neBnpl-1CTyn ce 3aCHl-1BaO ua llpl-1Me~eHl-1M l-1HTepnpeTaTl-1BHl-1M MOnei\l-1Ma K~bl-1)KeBuor epopMai\l-13Ma, reopuje peuenuuje l-1 i\aKaHOBCKe reopujcke nCl-1XOaHai\l-13e. 153Flocetiau je npl-1Mep 'neUeHTpl-1paHl-1' l-1 'MeKl-1' TeKCT K~bl-1)KeBHl-1Ka l-1 epl-1i\030epaCi\060naHa 6i\arojeBl-1na Focnob MauJ1 MaAO nOMaAO OTJ1Majy J1 nOCAeL1l-bY oa3Y3aL10BOIbCTBa y OBOM MyYHOM J1 paCKOMaL1aHOM CBJ1jeTy.154 6i\arojeBVlneB l-1pOHWJ-HO l-1HTOHl-1paHl-1 TeKCT je Ul-1TaTHO-KOi\a)KHl-1 Cl-1MYi\aKpYM KOjl-1M ce npasu 06pT Onl-1HTepnpeTaTl-1BHOr llOCTCTpYKTypai\l-13Ma xa nponocrwoaepuo] epl-1KUl-10Hai\lmj l-1npunoaeenoj npOnyKUl-1jl-1 ao teopnjcxor TeKCTa Oni\O)KeHOr l-1 6pl-1CJHOr 3Ha4e-u.a. i ss OH ce rurra 0 rpaHl-1UaMa pa3YMlbl-1BOCTl-1 My3l-1Ke XX BeKa.1o,6

Flokasvje ce na K~bl-1)KeBHOCT oworyhaaa Hel-13BeCHO l-1 Kpl-1Tl-14KO nocpez,o-Ba~be l-13Me1)y epl-1i\030epcKor l-1i\l-1 eCTeTl-14KOr Ml-1Wlbel-ba l-1 nucau,a 0 1l0Ce6HVlM'HeBep6ai\HVlM' YMeTHocTVlMa (ci\VlKapCTBY, 6ai\eTY, My3l-1UVI). L1.a i\VI je y llVlTal-bY6i\l-13l-1Ha Ml-1Wlbel-ba VI nl-1CMa y K~bl-1)KeBHOCTVI Vli\VI je y lll-1Ta~bY Wl-1pe~be MOnepHVI-CTl-14Ke xerevonuje jef>.He reopujcxe nVlCUVlni\VlHe (uayice VI reopu]e K~bVl)KeBHOCTl-1), xoja je y Cp6l-1jl-1 'reopujoor f>.OMVlHaHTHa', y zpyre YMeTHVl4Ke VI Hay4He nO-MeHe? np06i\eM ce MO)Ke nOCTaBl-1Tl-1 Ha Ha4l-1H Ha KOjVl >KaK L1.epl-1na cvo-raaa

K~bVl)KeBHOCT VI epl-1i\030epVl jy:WTa je KI-bl-1)KeBHocT? Ii1 npe caera, WTa 3Ha4l-1 'lll-1CaTl-1'? KaKO TO

f>.a 4l-1lbeHl-1Ua nucau.a MO)Ke y3poKOBaTl-1 nurau,e 'WTa jecre?' l-1 4aK'WTa TO 3Ha4l-1?' Penl-1 OBO f>.pyrl-1M pe4l-1Ma, ... Kana l-1 KaKO jenaHyrnrc nocraje KI-bl-1)KeBHOCT l-1 WTa ce nojaa.syje Kana ce TO f>.eCl-1? '{e-My l-1 KOMe 3axBalbyjynl-1? WTa Y3l-1Ma MeCTO l-13Me1)y epl-1i\030epl-1je l-1KI-bl-1)KeBHOCTl-1, HayKe l-1 KI-bl-1)KeBHOCTl-1, nOi\l-1Tl-1Ke l-1 KI-bl-1)KeBHOCTl-1,reoxoruje VI KI-bl-1)KeBHOCTl-1, ncuxoauaxaae l-1 KI-bl-1)KeBHOCTl-1? ... nl-1-

130

M. WyBaKOBl1n: ECTeTl1Ka My311Ke XX eexe y Cp611jl1

TaH>e je t..BOCTpyKO I-1HCnl-1plKaHO y MeHI-1 >KelbOM xoja ce Ot..HOCI-1 ua1-13BeCHe uejacuohe: 3aWTO Me KOHa4HO yru: TaKO epaCUI-1Hl-1pa, npe-oxvnupa Me, BOt..1-1 Me? 3aWTO caM ja TaKO epaCUI-1Hl-1paH K~M1>KeBHI-1M yn1-1COM?157

OBd rurrau.a ce Mory nOCTaBI-1TI-1 1-1 Ha cl\et..enl-1 Ha4I-1H: 3aWTO Me epacul-1-Hl-1pa Ot..HOC KH>I-1>KeBHOCTI-1, epl-11\030epl-1je 1-1 My31-1Ke? 3aWTO je Ot..HOC epl-1l\030epl-1-je 1-1 My31-1Ke 1-11\1-1 My31-1Ke 1-1 nCI-1XOaHdl\1-13e Moryn TeK npexo K~bl-1>KeBHOCTI-1 1-1 npe-KO H>eHI-1X Ylll1ca 11 rparoaa? Jet..aH oz, Morynl1x ocrosopa rxacn: 3aTO WTO My31-1Ka1-1 epl11\030epl-1ja Mopajy t..a npeby '3aCTynHI-14KI-1'158 npar nl-1CMa (nucau.a), a TO jellpdr KH>I-1>KeBHOCTI-1.

nOETVlKA Vl ECTETVlKA KOMn03VlTOPA

Jet..Ha oz, ot..pe1)yjynl-1x xapaxrepuaauuja ucropajrxor paseoja MY3I-1KOI\0-WKe eCTeTI-1Ke My31-1Ke 1-1 MY31-1KOl\orl-1je y Cp61-1jl-1 MO>Ke t..a ce l-1t..eHTl-1epl-1Kyje cl\e-t..enOM Te30M: reopujcxa, Hay4Ha 1-1 epl-11\030epCKa I-1CTpa>KI-1Ba~ba 1-1 pacnpaBe 0MY31-1UI1 xao yMeTHocTI-1 1-1 KYI\TYPI-1 3an041-1H>Y ecej1-1CT1-14KI-1M, Kpl-1TI14KI-1M 1-1, 3a-TI-1M, Teopl-1jcKI-1M t..eI\OBaH>eM KOMn03I-1TOpa. ~I-1CKypCI-1 KOMn031-1TOpa Mory cenpet..04l-1TI-1 Cl\et..enl-1M 'weMaMa':

1. aYTonoeTI-14KI-1 t..I-1CKypc 159 - oojaunsaaau.e 1-1 I-1HTepnpeTl-1pa~be concrae-nor craapaxa-ncor nocrynxa 1-1 paaaujau.e 3aMI-1CI\I-1 Tor nocrvnka t..0 on-urrer nosuaaau.a BeWTI-1He KOMnOHOBaH>a 1-11\1-1 1-13Bo1)e~ba My31-14Kor t..el\a;

2. t..I-1CKypC 0 MY31-14ap1-1Ma, npe csera, KOMn031-1TOpl-1Ma 160 - MOHorpacfKKe'otipaxe' >KI-1BOTa 1-1 t..el\d KOMn03I-1TOpa;

3. ncxarouncu'?' V1 HaY4HV1 L\I-1CKypc1h2 - V13Bo1)e~be onurrer V11\V1 1l0Ce6HOrnCL\arOWKOr t..V1cKypCd V13 CTBapal\d4KOr V1cKyCTBd V1 ot..Hoca npeMa'TCKCT0I311Md' nct..drOLlJKI-1X reopuja 0 My3I-1UV1, LUTO je V1CTOBpCMCHO V1YCflOCTdBlbdfbC HayqHOr pdt..a V13 My31-1Ke kao V1HCTV1TyUV1jC, npl1 TOMC,eClcrW1KV1 V1 epV11\030epCKI1 CTaBOBV1 cy yrpabeu y 'HayqHd rl\ct..V1WTC V1UV1lbHY 'o6jeKTV1BHoCT'; yKa3yje ce jet..dH napaxokc: HaY4HV1 t..I1CKypC ceoxaaja V13 craapaxavxe npaxce V1 ~bOj ce cynporcraa.sa 06jeKTI1I3I1CTI1Q-KV1M V1 YHV1Bep3dI\I1CTV1QKV1M V1t..eHTV1TeTOM 'paUV10Hdl\V130BaHe' V1 'epop-Mdl\V130BaHe' V1HTepnpeTauV1je;

4. ycnocraao.au,e eCTeTV14KV1X V11\V1, unrpe. epV11\030epCKV1X rl\et..V1wTaI 63 0My3V1UV1, net..arorV1jV1 My3V1Ke V1 HayKaMd 0 My3V1UV1, t..pyrV1M peQV1Md, xa-t..d ce roBOpV1 0 eCTeTV14KOM V1 epV11\030epCKOM pat..y MY3V14KV1X craapaxa-ua (KOMll03V1Topa, V13Bo1)a4a), Moryne je V13t..BOjV1TV1 TpV1 MOMeHTd: (i)CCTeTV14KV1, epV11\030epCKV1 V1 TeopV1jcKV1 CTaBOBV1 cy npehvrua 3HaH>a,OKBV1pV1 nojaa.suaau,a V1HTyV1uV1ja V1 paUl-10Hal\V130BaHe Td4Ke rl\et..V1WTaca KOjV1x ce ycnocrae.sa t..V1CKypC 0 MY3V1UV1 (aYTonOeTV1QKI1, nezcarouncuV1 HdYQHV1), (ii) V13 ayTonoeTV14Kor, nesarouncor V1 Hay4Hor t..V1cKypca ce113BOL\e V1Mnl\V1UI1THV1 V1CKa311 (HeV13pe4eHV1, al\V1 0411rl\ct..HO nOt..pa3yMe-

131

HOBI1 3ByK

BaHt.1) t.1t\t.1 eKcnt\t.1Ut.1THt.1 t.1CKa3t.1 (epOpMyt\t.1CaHt.1 L'>.O usjaae y t.1HTepBjyy,ecejucru'ucor OCBpTa, MeTaTeOpt.1jcKor uay-mor 3aKlbY4Ka t.1t\t.1 nOCe6HOrept.1t\030epCKt.1 Opt.1jeHTt.1CaHOr CTaBa) t.1 (iii) eceju ce noseayjy y '36t.1pKe'Kojt.1Ma ce l-1l>.eHTt.1ept.1Kyje Ha4t.1H Mt.1llJlbeH>a t.1 nucau.a jexnor 'ayropa',ayropcxor nepaoxa t.1t\t.1 >Kt.1 BOTHor onyca 164;

5. paaeujau,e rexcryaxue npoayxunje oja je Ct.1HXPOHd craapaxaurravKOMn03t.1TOpa, at\t.1 Ht.1je ospeheua aYTonoeTW1Kt.1M, neL'>.drOWKt.1M t.1t\t.1HaY4Ht.1M 3aXTeBt.1Ma My3t.14KOr craapau.a, Ben MoryhHOCTt.1Md ouuen-ryaxuor, MeTayMeTHwlKor (t.1 MeTaMY3W1Kor) t.1t\t.1 t.1HTepTeKcTyat\HOI 3.Ocer-He 'cno.saunsa' rOBOp K~bt.1>KeBHO-TeOpt.1jcKor-yBVlL'>.d, CyL'>.d Vl Vl3p,Bd (MVlt\ojeBVlh),Ct.1CTeMCKe eCTeTt.1Ke t.1 ept.1t\030ept.1je (BY4KOBt.1n), HayllHo-q)Vlt\030epCKor- 3dXBdTd-H>a uexoauror np06t\eMa (unp. epeweua) yuyrap pacnpaae 0 yMeTHOCTt.1 (Iocry-WKt.1) t.1 reopujcxor peileept.1Ht.1CaH>d yMeTHOCTt.1 t.1 H>eHt.1X MeM1jcKt.1X, ilVlCUt.1nt\t.1-HdPHVlX, KOHuemYdt\Ht.1X t.1 MeTaept.13t.14Kt.1X rpanuua (PdilOBdHOBVln).

KOMn03t.1TOp t.1 MY3t.1KOt\or Mt.1t\oje Mt.1t\ojeBt.1n je auruunrurpao Het.1313eCHeMorynHocTVl eCTeTVl4Kor Mt.1Wlbe~ba Vl nucau.a 0 MY3t.1Ut.1.16() Hieros eCTeTVl4KVl M1C-KypC je ecejt.1CTt.14Kt.1 t.1 eKt\eKTt.14dH. MVlt\ojeBVlneB npVlCTyn je CCCjVlCTW1KVl l67 yTOM CMt.1Ct\y WTO je nucao no y30py ua K~bt.1>KeBHO Mel)y>KdHpOI3CKO pCt\,lTVlBHOCt\060ilHO npezouaaau,e MVlCt\Vl, yTt.1CaKa, L'>.O>KVlBlbdja Vl 3H,1Iba 0 yMCTHOCTVl (My-3t.1Ut.1) t.1 cBeTy y KOMe MY3t.1Kd jecre. Hserosu ecej L'>.yryjy 'L'>.V1CKYpCY' 50rAdHa no-noauha. a TO 3Hd4t.1 L'>.d yMeTHocT Bt.1L'>.e KdO "Ct.1HTe3e cnOHTdHO oc.ehajuux Vl VlH-Tet\eKTOM OprdHt.130BdHVlX et\eMeHaTd".l()H L\pyrVlM pe'IVlMd, OH yrV1C:dK VlcnOHTaHOCT Y>Kt.1BlbaBaH>a y My3t.14KO L'>.et\o noseay]e ca MohVlMd MVlWlbeH:>d 0 My-3t.1Ut.1. 1i13Met)y Mt.1Wlbe~bd Vl 06jeKTa Mt.1Wlbe~bd (MY3t.1Ke) II0CTOjVl AVlHdMWldH VlOTBopeH OL'>.HOC Morynt.1X t.1HTyt.1Tt.1BHt.1X ynt.1Ct.1Bd~bd (t.1CKd3VlBd~bd), 6pVlGHbd (OL'>.-crynau.a) t.1 ycxuheu,a (eraavrupauux cyzoaa). PeTOpt.1Ka u.eroaux eceja oeroaapa Y30pVlMa 169 t.1 ua eKt\eKTVl4aH 170 Ha4t.1H cy04aBa suure pa3t\VlKyjynVlx rxacosa:

(1) npehvnuix t.1t\t.1 nOL'>.pd3YMeBdHt.1X 3Ha~bd t.1 eMOUt.10Hat\Ht.1X VlL'>.eHTVlqmKd-uuja pOMaHTt.14apCKt.1X L'>.t.1CKypCd 0 MY3t.1Ut.1 KOjt.1 cy rpdL'>.t.1M1 'XOpt.130In'MVlWlbeH>a 0 MY3t.1Ut.1 Y npsoj nOt\OBt.1Ht.1 XX BeKd;171

(2) t.1MnpeCt.10Ht.1CTt.14Ke Ct\t.1KOBt.1TOCTt.1 Bep6at\Ht.1X orurca, CyL'>.OBd t.1 CTdBO-aa 0 My3t.14KOM L'>.et\y t.1 MY3t.1Ut.1 xao YMeTHOCTt.1; 172

(3) MOilepHt.1CTt.14Ke aM6t.1ut.1je L'>.a ce t.1CKd>Ke t.1 onupTd CyUJTVlHCKO nozpv-t-je Heilelbt.1Bt.1X csojcraaa My3t.1Ke t.1 L'>.pyrt.1x yMeTHOCTt.1;17l

(4) MOL'>.epHt.1CTt.14Ke dM6t.1ut.1je L'>.a ce auruuanupa HOBO y MY3t.1Ut.1 t.1 HOB

M. WyBaKOBJ1n: ECTeTJ1Ka My3J1Ke XX eeice y Cp6J1jJ1

(5) KOH3epBanlBHor 175 paayweaau,a pacuor xao Ha4eJ\a KOHTeKCTyaM13a-ul-1je My31-1Ke xao yMeTHoCTI-1 1-1 KY/\Type;

(6) 3aMI-1CJ\1-1 nosparka Tpa~I-1Uj..1jj..1 y CMj..1CJ\Y HaUj..10HaJ\Hor'76 j..1 pexaruo-3Hor l 77 uapaaa.

Mj..1J\ojeBj..1n HeMa HaMepy ~a 'nOMj..1pj..1' OBe pa3J\j..14I-1Te rJ\aCOBe, Ben ~a He-Cj..1CTeMCKj..1 npoxaau 'Kp03' ~bj..1X j..1 j..13HOCj..1 j..1X kao j..1HTeJ\eKTyaJ\Ha, eTj..14Ka j..1 eCTeT-CKa 'ooehaaajyha yokenpeu.a' MY3j..1Ke kao YMeTHOCTj..1. Hseroa 'eCTeTI-14Kj..1' npu-cryn jecre npj..1Mep reuese Mo~epHor rpabaucxor 'j..1~eHTj..1TeTa YMeTHj..1Kaj..1HTeJ\eKTyaJ\ua' yuyrap MaJ\e KYJ\Type j..13BaH BeJ\j..1Kj..1X YMeTHj..14KI-1X ueurapa.YMeTHj..1K j..1HTeJ\eKTyaJ\au ce ~eJ\OM j..1 Mj..1WlbeH>eM 0 ~eJ\Y nojae/svje j..1CTOBpeMe-HO 1-1 kao aeauraps-u- j..1HOBaTOp j..1 xao MO~epHj..1CTj..14Kj..1 0pj..1rI-1HaJ\Hj..1 CTBapaJ\au j..1ao rJ\aCHj..1K HaUj..10HaJ\Hor j..1 KJ\aCHor j..1~eHTI-1TeTa.

Flpezuaupr j..13Bo1)eH>a Cj..1CTeMCKe eCTeTj..1Ke MY3j..1Ke y O~HOCY ua Cj..1CTeM-CKa nurau.a epj..1J\03ocpCKe eCTeTI-1Ke j..1 onurre uayxe 0 YMeTHOCTj..1 cnpOBeo je npez,t..pyrj..1 CBeTCKj..1 paT j..1 Ha H>eroBoM n04eTKY KOMn03j..1TOp Bojj..1CJ\aB BY4KOBl-1n. 17fJOH je ycnocraauo OnWTj..1 Mo~eJ\ eCTeTj..1Ke My31-1Ke y OKBj..1pj..1Ma MaTepj..1jaJ\j..1CTj..14-Ke, ucropujcke j..1 ~j..1jaJ\eKTI-14Ke eCTeTj..1Ke j..1 epj..1J\030epj..1je yMeTHocTI-1. BY4KOBj..1nje nOHY~j..10 Cj..1CTeMCKj..1 norxez, ua reopujy j..1 j..1CTOPj..1jy eCTeTj..1Ke,179 3aTj..1M je pas-Bj..10 MaTepj..1jaJ\j..1CTj..14KY eCTeTj..1KY MY3j..1Ke. 180 l-beros TeMeIbHj..1 cnuc je YBO.1 y MY-3J14KY eCTeTJ1Ky181 (1941-42), rse paseuja rese 0: a) KPj..13j..1 MY3j..14Ke eCTeTj..1Ke; 6)06jeKTj..1BHOM CMI-1CJ\Y j..1 3Ha4ajy cnopa 0 KOHCOHaHUj..1 j..1 ~j..1COHaHUj..1; B) YCJ\OBI-1Maospebeu.a YMeTHI-14Ke Mepe TOHCKj..1X oznoca: r) O~HOCY MY3j..14Ke YMeTHW~Ke Me-pe npewa KOMn03j..1Uj..10Hoj TeXHj..1Uj..1;~) O~HOCY YMeTHI-14Ke Mepe npewa YMeTHj..14-KOj epOpMj..1 j..1 TeXHj..1Uj..1; 1)) 3aKOHj..1TOCTj..1 YMeTHI-14Ke Mepe y MeJ\O~j..1jcKj..1M j..1 xap-MOHj..1jCKj..1M O~HOCj..1Ma. norJ\aBlbe 0 MY3j..14KOM j..1~eaJ\j..13MY j..1 aTOHaJ\HOCTj..1 jej..13ry6IbeHO. BY4KOBj..1n je ycnocraeuo 'jacau' ~j..1CKyp3j..1BHO npenoauara.na KOH-Tj..1HYYM j..13Me1)y 'rxaca' KOMn03j..1TOpa, MY3j..1KOJ\ora j..1 ecrera-iapa y O~HOCY ua re-opujcxa j..1 aKTj..1Bj..1CTj..14Ka rnrrau.a 0 ~PYWTBY.

KapaKTepj..1CTj..14aH npj..1Mep Cj..1CTeMCKe Hay4Ho opujeurucaue eCTeTI-1KeYMeTHOCTj..1 j..1 MY3j..1Ke je reopujcxo ~eJ\o KOMn03j..1TOpa, MY3j..1KOJ\ora 1-1 j..1CTOpj..14a-pa yMeTHocTI-1 Aparyruua rOCTYWKor. Y nj..1Ta~bY je eCTeTI-14KI-1 npj..1CTyn onurrojHayul-1 0 06J\j..1Uj..1Ma (epOpMj..1)182 1-1, noce6HO, nj..1TaH>j..1Ma j..1~eHTI-1TeTa yMeTHOCTj..1,MY3j..1Ke j..1 MY3j..14KOr ~eJ\a y Mo~epHoj KYJ\TYPj..1. VlHTepnpeTaTI-1BHj..1 nOCTynUj..1 S.locryuncor 3aCHOBaHj..1 cy ua KOHUenUj..1jj..1 '4Bpwne' j..1J\j..1 'cJ\a6j..1je' auaxoruje, a aK-cuoxoruja Hd xouuerrry aanasuor 'j..1HTerpaTj..1BHOr' XYMaHj..13Ma KOjj..1 je 'ynucar!'y 3aMj..1CaO BI-1COKe j..1J\1-1 eJ\j..1THe Mo~epHe. ECTeTj..1Kd rocryuncor j..1Ma Tp04J\aHj..1 Ka-paxrep. a TO 3Ha4j..1 ~a I-1Ma O~J\j..1Ke HaMpa~~be KOMn03j..1TOpCKOr I-1CKycTBa, pas-pace je~He npj..1MeH>eHe MY3j..1KOJ\OWKe eCTeTj..1Ke j..1 onurre epj..1J\030epj..1je j..1 j..1CTOPj..1-je 06J\j..1Ka. noje~j..1Hj..1 cnucu rocryuncor, noceouo OHI-1 KOjj..1 ce oxuoce uanp06J\eMe 'pa~j..1KaJ\He'183 (asaurapzne j..1J\j..1 excnepaweuraxue MY3j..1Ke XX aexa),YKc13yjy ce xao ~paMaTj..14HO cyo-reu.e ca 'HeMorynj..1M' Mo~epHe. Hseroa noxyurajj..1lnepnpeTaUj..1je caspeveue 'pa~I-1KaJ\He' MY3j..1Ke yxaay]e Hd je~HY CyWTI-1HCKy

133

HOBVI 3BYK

KOHcTaHTy eCTen14Ke npaKCe TOKOM XX aexa y Cp61-1jl-1, a TO je HeMorynHocT I-1H-TepnpeTaTI-1BHOr cyo-iaaau.a 3aMI-1CI\I-1 XYMaHI-1CTI-14Ke rpaznunje 3ana.t..a 1-1 excne-pl-1MeHaTa-I-1HoBaul-1ja MO.t..epHe 1-1 'HOMa.t..CKe nOKpeTlbl-1BOCTl-1' nOCTMO.t..epHe. 184

ECTeTI-1Ka My31-1Ke Bl\a.t..aHa Pa.t..OBaHOBl-1na'85 je pasaajaua y noje.t..I-1Ha4HI-1MCnl-1CI-1Ma, KOjl-1 ce Mory Kl\aCl-1epl-1KOBaTI-1 y cxezehe 'np061\eMCKe rpyne':

1. eCTeTI-1Ka My31-1Ke xao MeTaKpl-1TI-1Ka 1-1 MeTaaKcl-1ol\orl-1ja My31-1Ke;1862. HeOKI\aCI-1UI-13aM y My31-14KOM KOMn031-1TOpCKOM craapau.y nezecerux ro-

.t..I-1Ha;187

3. pacnpase 0 'HOBOj' (aaaurapxuoj, escnepaweuraxuoj) MY31-1UI-1;1884. I-1CTOpl-1ja, nOeTI-1Ka 1-1 eCTeTI-1Ka el\eKTpOHcKe My31-1Ke;1895. rnrrau.a reopuje My31-1Ke 1-1 MY31-14KI-1X 061\1-1Ka;1906. aYTonoeTI-14KI-1 cnucn;'?'7. ucropasauaja npaKce uanyurrau.a My31-1Ke;1928. I-1HTep.t..I-1CUl-1nI\I-1HapHe pacnpase 1-1 'cI-1HTe31-1jcKe' CTy.t..l-1je.1'J3Pacoaanoauheaa eCTeTI-1Ka My31-1Ke 1-1 reopuja yMeTHOCTl-1, noceouo Me.t..l-1j-

CKI-1X, I-1HTepMe.t..l-1jal\Hl-1x 1-1 cI-1HTe31-1jcKI-1x yMeTHOCTl-1, MO:>Ke ce l-1.t..eHTl-1epI-1KOBaTI-1xao:

(1) npuwep ueoaaaurapzne eCTeTI-1Ke 1-1 reopuje yMeTHocTI-1 xaz,a nocraa/saKpl-1TI-14Ha rurra-sa 0 yMeTHI-14Koj 1-1 My31-14KOj I-1HoBaul-1jl-1 - ry ce pa.t..1-1 01-1 CTpa:>K 1-1 aau.y, npojekroaa-sy 1-1 orkpaaau.y HOBI-1X npl-1CTyna yHyTapMy31-1Ke, HOBI-1X npl-1cTyna MY31-1UI-1 xao npaKCI-1 1-1 HOBI-1X npucryna npeo-6pa:>Kajl-1Ma My31-14Kor y BaHMy31-14Ko (YMeTHI-14Ko);

(2) npl-1Mep BI-1COKoMo.t..epHI-1CTI-14Ke 1-1 n03HoMo.t..epHI-1CTI-14Ke eCTeTI-1Ke My-31-1Ke, a TO 3Ha41-1 .t..a ce ooyxsarajy rurrau.a My3Vl4Ke MO.t..epHe nocxeApyror CBeTCKor paTa, O.t.. HeOKI\aCI-1UI-13Md, npeKO cepl-1jdl\He My31-1Ke 1-1MI-1HI-1Mal\1-13Ma, .t..0 eKCnepl-1MeHTal\He el\eKTpOHCKe My3I-1KC;

(3) npl-1Mep nOCTMO.t..epHe reopuje yMeTHocTI-1 1-1 My3VlKe, a TO 3Ha41-1 KdOpacnpaaa rurrau.a 'eKI\eKTVlUI-13Md' 1-1 'MaKCI-1Mdl\1-13Md' y My31-14KOM CTBa-paH>y TOKOM ocavcecenrx Vl .t..eBe.t..eceTI-1X ro.t..VlHd.

Pa.t..OBaHOBl-1neB npl-1cTyn eCTCTI-1UI-1 My31-1Ke y Cp61-1jl-1 je eKcKI\Y3I-1BaH. 011je yaeo onurre I-1HeTpnpeTaTI-1BHe o.t..pe.t..HVluc, noceouy repMVlHOI\OIVljy, MeTOAC1-13y4aBaH>a, al\l-1 1-1 61-1THI-1 'KOPVl.t..0P' 1-13Me1)y pd31\VlKyjynVlx CBerOBd KOMIl03V1TOP-ckor CTBapaH>d, YMeTHI-14Kor .t..el\OBaHJa VI ecreru-uco-reopajocor VlCrpa:>KVlBd~ba.Hseroe nOCTyndK je uaj-reurhe 6a31-1paH Ha OHTOI\OWKOM npOMVlUJlba~bY MY3w~Kor.t..el\a (3BYKa) VI CeMVlOTI-14KVlM VlHTepnpeTauVljaMa cTpyKTyp31\Hor llopeTK3 My3V1KC.Paaoaauoanh je nOCTaBI-10 MHOWTBO clloMeHYTVlx 'rlV1T3~ba' 0 MY3V1UVI Y nojez.n-Ha4HI-1M cTyL\l-1jaMa, a CVlCTeMCKI-1 je o6paL\1-10 ABa np061\eMCKa noxpy-ja: (3) My-3V1LJKy aaanrapzy y Cp61-1jl-1 194 1-1 (6) onurra Vl CVlCTeMCKa nurau.a ouuerrra, KOH-TeKCTa 1-1 ucropaje el\eKTpOaKYCTI-1LJKe My31-1Ke. 195

134

M. WyBaKOBl1n: ECTeTl1Ka My311Ke XX eetce y Cp611jl1

6EAEWKE

110 Y Cp6l-1jl-1 ce MOLlepHa HayKa 0 KH>l-1>KeBHOCTl-1, y zpyro] nO/\OBl-1Hl-1 XIX aexa, KOHCTV1TYV1Ca-Aa OKO n03V1TV1BV13Ma (jOBaH CKepAV1n) V1 V1CTOpV1jcKor MaTepV1ja/\V13Ma (CBeT03ap MapKoBV1n), Lla 6V1ce, 3aTV1M, paasujaxa y LlOMeHl-1Ma V1MnpeCV10HV13Ma, eKCnpeCV10HV13Ma, MOLlepHV13Ma, aBaHrapLle, Ha-UV10HaAHor 6yp>KOaCKOr CTajaAV1wTa V1 couujaxue KpV1TV14Ke reopuje KH>V1>KeBHOCTV1.

111 KH>V1>KeBHa KpV1TV1Ka je nOAa3HV1 'Y30paK' aa paaauja-ee nOCe6HV1X Kpl-1Tl-14KV1X npV1CTyna yTeaTpy, epV1AMy, /\V1KOBHV1M YMeTHOCTV1Ma V1 My3V1Ul-1. 0. npeLlpar na/\aBeCTpa (np.), npl1110311 3a I1CTO-pl1jy cpncse Kl-bI1)IWBHe Kpl1Tl1Ke, beorpaa, \I1HCTl-1TyT aa KH>V1>KeBHOCT l-1 yMeTHoCT, 1984. 3a npoY4a-BaH>e ozuoca HayKe 0 KH>V1>KeBHOCTV1 V1 KpV1TV1Ke BV1LleTl-1: Mari Kriger, Teorija kritike, Beograd, Nolit,1982.

112 Y aanasuoj TpaLlV1uV1jl-1 oz, aHH1Ke LlO LlaHac npoy4aBafbe KH>V1>KeBHOCTl-1 l-1 yMeTHoCTV1 OLl-Bl-1jaAo ce 'Kp03' LlBe npaxce: Kpl1Tl1KY V1 nOeTl1KY. KpV1TV1Ka je, uaj-reuihe, oLlpet)eHa ao Lle/\aTHOCTnocpesoaau,a V13Met)y CBeTa yMeTHocTV1 V1 KyAType, OLlHOCHO, xao aKCV1OAOWKa LleAaTHOCT yHyTap KO-je ce npoue-syje BpeLlHOCT KH>V1>KeBHOr (YMeTHV14Kor) LleAa V1 Tl-1Me ce OHO yKlby4yje l-1AV1 l-1CKlby4yjel-13 CV1CTeMa HeKe KY/\Type. Floernxa ce ospeby]e y llBa peAaTl-1BHO pa3AV14V1Ta CMV1CAa: a) noeruxa V1AV1aYTOnoeTV1Ka jecre LleAaTHOCT KOjOM YMeTHV1K paayvesa (npOMl-1Wlba), V1LleHTV1epV1Kyje, onucyje. o6ja-WH>aBa V1 l-1HTepnpeTl-1pa csojy CTBapaAa4Ky npaxcy, V1 6) noeruxa je casuajua LleAaTHOCT KOjOM ce ca-Kynlbajy 3HaH>a 0 KH>V1>KeBHOCTV1 (YMeTHoCTV1) l-1 yKlby4yjy Y WV1pV1 CV1CTeM 3HaH>a ere-tenor y xyMaHV1-CTV14Kl-1M V1 llpywTBeHV1M HayKaMa. 0. Lubomir Dolezal, Poetike Zapada, Sarajevo, IP 'Svjetlost', 1991.

113 Y aanasuoj KyATypV1 ce MO>Ke npaTV1H1 'LlOMl-1HauV1ja' uayxe 0 KH>V1>KeBHOCHl y OLlHOCY Hauavxe 0 LlpyrV1M YMeTHOCTV1Ma. Pa3BV1jeHocT HayKa 0 K~Ml>KeBHOCTV1 nOCAeLlV1ua je je3V14Kor KOHH1Hy-yMa l-1AV1 6AV13l-1He l-13Met)y KH>l-1>KeBHe YMeTHl-14Ke npaxce l-1 Lll-1CKypca 0 KH>l-1>KeBHOCTVI.

114 OLlHOC KH>l-1>KeBHOCTV1, reopu]e KH>l-1>KeBHOCTVI V1 eCTeTVlKe My3l-1Ke je '6AVl3aK', WTO 3Ha4l-1Lla nocroje ucropajoca kpera-ea yHyTap 'KH>VI>KeBHOr nl-1CMa' xoja oworvhaaajy l-1 nncau-e 0 My3l-1Ul-1.C jeLlHe CTpaHe, TO je 'l-1Lleja' 0 jeLlVlHCTBeHOM nopexxv My3V1Ke, noesu]e VI je3V1Ka; d. Axexcausap 6e-Al-1n, "je3l-1K l-1 MY3l-1Ka", beorpaa, Haw je3l1K CB. 6/111, 1935. l-1 HenOTnVlCaH TeKCT "A/\eKcaHLlap 6eAVln,lesn 11 MY3I1Ka" , beorpaz. 3ByK 6p. 4, 1935, CTp. 161-164; Milan Darnnjanovic, Poreklo umetnostikao filosofski problem, Beograd, Univerzitet umetnosti u Beogradu, 1981, CTp. 40-46. Pacnpaay 0'nopexxv MY3l-1Ke' pa3Bl-10 je >KaK l:..epVlLla Kp03 4V1TaH>e pacnpase >KaH->KaK Pycoa "Orxez, 0 nope-KAy je3l-1Ka" l-1 "Pacnpaea.atse 0 MY3l-1UVI". 0. Jacques Derrida, "Geneza i struktura ogleda 0 porijek-lu jezika", y: 0 gremetoiogiii, Sarajevo, IP 'Veselin Maslesa', 1976, CTp. 215-345. C Llpyre crpaue, y

nl-1Ta~bY je epVlKUl-10Ha/\Ha 6AV13V1Ha nucua My3V1UVI, KaKBa ce, Ha npuwep, Ha3Ha4aBa y LleAyThomasaManna, Doktor Faustus. Zivot njemackog skladatelja Adriana Leverkiihn - po pricanju jednog nje-govog prijatelja, Zagreb, Naprijed, 1976. 0: Tomas Man, "Nastanak Doktora Faustusa", Beograd,Ireci program RB 6p. 24, 1975, CTp. 201-324; Ml-1XaeA MaH, "MY3V14Kl-1 cl-1M60Al-13aM y !J.OKTOpy CDa-ycrycy Towaca MaHa"; Xapaxz, Bepwau, "Towac MaH l-1 LloLleKaepoHl-1ja"; Kapx Aaxxayc, "(J)VlKTVlBHaLlBaHeCTOTOHCKa MY3l-1Ka", 6eorpaLl, MY3114Kl1 Tallac 6p. 1-3, 1996, CTp. 72-86.

115 0. bpauxo Aaaapesuh, "Marepuaxuja aa reopujy parwa", "3aKoH cy60pLlV1HaUl-1je" l-1 "no-HaBlbaH>e VI CM1K" y: Ilposerouene 3a jeilHy teopniv eCTeTl1Ke (npaa caecxa), beorpae. \11K reue Ko-Ha, 1925, CTp. 72-95, 96-110 l-1111-123; l)opt)e AHt)eAl-1n, "PVlTaM xao CpeLlCTBO YMeTHl-14KOr l-13pa-xaja" y: np0611eMl1 ceepeueue eCTeTl1Ke, Eeorpas. conCTBeHO Vl3LlaH>e, 1931, CTp. 23-39; Bl-1HKOBl-1Te3l-1Ua, "MY3l-1Ka/\HVI eAeMeHTl-1 neCHl-14KOr [esuxa", l-13 nOeTI1Ka, beorpas. \11K reue KOHa, 1929,CTp. 83-231.

116 6paHKO Aaaapesuh, "5eTOBeH", y: Cstipene ilella I, beorpaz, 'Hapozua npocsera', 1933,CTp. 43-134.

117 Cf. 5paHKO Aaaapeauh. "CeHKe OCHOBa" l-1 'Tlapepre VI napaxunoveue", y: Cotipen ilellaII, beorpaz, 'Hapocua npocaera', 1933, CTp. 9-91 l-193-189.

11H Aasapeewhea YHl-1Bep3aAVl3aM je LlOBeLleH LlO 'MoTa' KOjVl ce HaAa3l-1 HJ n04eTKY KH>l-1re Ca-6paHa ilellcl I, beorpae, 'Hapoaua npocsera', 1933, CTp. H.H. MOTO rxacn: "\I13BaH apeweua l-1 V13HJllLloral)aja".

11') 0. \I1Cl-1LlOpa CeKY/\l-1n, "Baruep-Hwie", HOBl-1 Caz, CpnCKI1 Kl-bI1:>KeBHI1 illaCHI1K 6p. 2,1933, CTp. 105-113; "Mouapr" y: Cetipen ilella KH>. 10, HOBV1 Cas, MaTV1ua cpncxa, 1962, CTp.70-76. 0. POKCJHlla nejoBV1n, "\I1Cl-1LlOpa CeKYAl-1n", y: "AYTOpl-1 MY3V14KV1X KpVlTl-1Ka l-1 eceja Llpyrl-1X

135

HOBI1 3BYK

npodiecuja", y: Mpl1'-IKa KpUn1Ka U eceiuctuxe y Eeorpesv (7979-7947), beorpae; CDaKyATeT My3f14-Ke yMeTHoCTI1, 1999, CTp. 277-279.

120 CDf1A030

M. WyBaKOBl1n: ECTeTI1Ka My311Ke XX eexe y Cp611jl1

133 Bl-1t.OCaBa iOl\y6oBl-1n, "Cotiepeee MeTAa - TeKCT MapKa Pl-1CTl-1na aa 6al\eTCKY rporeckyMl-1l\oja Ml-1l\ojeBl-1na", y: KOMn0311TOpCKO CTBapaAaWTBO MI1Aoja MI1AojeBl1na, beorpaz, CAHY,

199~ CT~ 287-297.134 0 . PaCTKO neTpOBl-1n, AcjJpl1Ka, beorpae, iI1K f eue KOHa, 1930; Aparau Al\eKCl-1n, "Espo-

na y 3HaKy UpHaYKe YMeTHOCTl-1", 6eorpat., Ml1cao, CB. 73, 1923, CTp. 51-56.135 Aeppl-1YKa yMeTHoCT xao yMeTHoCT t.pyror 'CBeTa' l-1 t.pyraYl-1jer Henp03l-1pHOr (HeCa3HaTlbl-1-

BOr) cyojexra nocra]e nOBOt. aa epOpMal\Hl-1 excnepnueur y 3anat.Hl-1M aaanrapsava npae nOI\OBl-1HeXX sexa.

136 0 . MOMYl-1I\O Hacracajeawh. "3a MaTept-by MeI\Ot.l-1jy", HOBl-1 Cas, CpnCKI1 Kl-bI1)/(eBHI1 fAa-CHI1K CB. 5, 1929, CTp. 340-344; "3a xyMaHl-13aUl-1jy MY3l-1Ke", beorpaz, MY3114KI1 fAaCHI1K 6p. 1-2,1934, CTp. 1-7. 06paTl-1Tl-1 na>Kt-by Ha nospara 'pl-1TyaI\HoM npncryny MY3l-1Ul-1' y: MOMYl-1I\O HaCTa-Cl-1jeBl-1n, Mpl14Ke LlpaMe. UeAoKYnHa LleAa, Kl-b, 6, beorpas. 1938. Takobe Bl-1t.eTl-1 Kpl-1Tl-1KY caBpe-MeHe yMeTHOCTl-1 y Cnl-1Cl-1Ma: "HeKOI\l-1KO peepl\eKCl-1ja l-13 YMeTHOCTl-1" (1922) l-1 "npOTl-1B MaWl-1Hl-13a-uuje YMeTHOCTl-1" (1936), y: Eceii (UeAoKynHa LleAa), iI13t.at-be npujaren.a, beorpac, 1939, CTp. 15-30,31-33.

137 My3l-1Ka je y cpncxoj, nperexuo Kt-bl-1>KeBHoj, aaaurapz 6l-1l\a 3HaK CKI\OHOCTl-1 xa l-1HTep-t.l-1CUl-1nl\l-1HapHOCTl-1 l-1 a pa3yMeBat-by aaaurapze xao npexopa-ieu-a rpauuua Met.l-1ja, t.l-1CUl-1nM1He,HaYl-1Ha l-13pa>KaBat-ba.

138 0. los. Chtoltzer-Slavensky, "Dans Balkanique" l-1 joe. WTOI\Uep-Cl\aBeHCKl-1, "3aropCKl-1TaM6ypawl-1", beorpaz, 3eHI1T 6p. 36, 1925, CTp. H.H. Hanoveua: y Zenitu br. 18 (Zagreb, 1922, CTp.57) 06jaBlbeH je TeKCT I. G. (aeposaruo iI1BaH l pox) "Kompozitor Prokofjev", a y Zenitu br. 17-18(Zagreb, 1922, CTp. 49) o6jaBlbeH je npol\Or onepe A. KpYYOHl-1Xa Fioties HaLl cyHueM. 6l-1THO je Ha-rl\aCl-1H1 t.a l-1360p TeKCTOBa 0 MY3l-1Ul-1 Y aaaurapznov -racoru-cv 3HaYl-1 l-1 'eCTeH1YKl-1 CTaB' 0 MY3l-1Ul-1l-1 yMeTHOCTl-1, nOWTO aaaarapxa nocezyje TY npl-1Bl-1l\erOBaHY epyHKUl-1jy t.a CBaKl-1 'npaocreneaa' l-13-pas l-11\l-1 'ripezoufiv' yMeTHOCTl-1 l-1t.eHTl-1epl-1Kyje l-1 excnxuuapa xao MeTaCTaB. 0. Sanja Grujic, "VezeIosipa Siavenskog sa zenitistickirn pokretom dvadesetih godina", Cakovec. Meditnur] br. 4, 1983,CTp. 53-63.

139 Cf. CTaHl-1Cl\aB Bl-1HaBep: "HOBa cxoooaa". beorpae, Ml1cao, CB. 56, 1922, CTp. 622-625;"Tpot.HeBHl-1 napazoxcu r. LlaHXl-1l\a", beorpae, Mncso, CB. 74, 1923, CTp. 141-143; "np06l\eM My-3l-1 xe" , Eeorpaz, Ml1cao, CB. 79, 1923, CTp. 481-485; "Bouek", 6eorpat., CpnCKI1 Kl-bI1)/(eBHI1 rAaCHI1KKl-b . 45, 1935, CTp. 515-552; "In memoriam - A. Berg", Zvuk br. 10, 1935, CTp. 384-388; raxobe:"je3l-1YKe MorynHOCTl-1", "Eypl-1TMl-1ja l-1 ancrpaxuuja" l-1 "Haunt Be30Bl-1" l-13 HaLlrpaMaTI1Ka. V/36op ece-ja, beorpaz, un [lpocaera, 1963, CTp. 141-186, 187-196, 199-208. 0 Bl-1HaBepOBl-1M MY3l-1YKl-1MKpl-1Tl-1KaMa: Roksanda Pejovic, "Prve rnuzicke kritike Stanislava Vinavera", Sarajevo, Zvuk br. 4,1973, CTp. 436-440 l-1 "CTaHl-1Cl\aB Bl-1HaBep", y: "AYTopl-1 MY3l-1YKl-1X Kpl-1Tl-1Ka l-1 eceja t.pyrl-1x nporpe-cuja", y: Mpl14Ka Kpl1TI1Ka 11 ecelncruxe y 6eOfpaL1Y (7919-1941), (])aKYI\TeT MY3l-1YKe yMeTHOCTl-1,beorpaa, 1999, CTp. 279-287.

1400 . Pavle Stefanovic: Tragom tona, Sarajevo, Svjetlost, 1958; Eseji, Beograd, Nolit, 1982; iUm za tonom, Beograd, Nolit, 1986.

141 Cf. HOBl-1Ua neTKOBl-1n, "Buuaaepoa oru-c encxor t.eceTepua l-1 rosopue Mel\ot.l-1je" l-1 Pa-zoje Cl-1Ml-1n, "CTaHl-1Cl\aB Bl-1HaBep 0 noeTCKOM je3l-1Ky" y: iOjKO Teunih (np.), Kl-bI1)/(eBHO L1eAO CTa-HI1CAaBa BI1HaBepa, beorpaz, iI1HCTl-1TyT aa Kt-bl-1>KeBHOCT l-1 yMeTHoCT, 1990, CTp. 9-33, 297-306.

142 CTaHl-1Cl\aB Bl-1HaBep, "6eprCOHOBa eCTeTl-1Ka", beorpae, Ml1cao, CB. 59-60, 1922, CTp.801-815 l-1 Ml1cao, CB. 61-62,1922, CTp. 945-966; "Eeprcouoso yyet-be 0 pl-1TMY (TeXHl-1Ka l-13pa>Ka-ja l-1 CMl-1CaO KOHCTpyKUl-1je)", y: Hesrpeuerutc. V/36op eceja, beorpae, iI1n npOcBeTa, 1963, CTp.114-140.

143 jet.aH l-1Ht.l-1KaTl-1BaH npuwep jecre KOHUenUl-1ja 'HOBor XYMaHl-13Ma' koja je l-13Bet.eHa Hanpl-1Mepl-1Ma epl-1I\030epl-1je beprcoua l-1 l.lewca. 0. Bl\at.l-1Ml-1p Byjvh, npBOW Cl\aHKaMeHau, HOBI1 Xy-MaHI13aM, iI1K f eue KOHa, beorpaa, 1923.

144 Aauac, Kat.a ce peKOHCTpYl-1We eCTeTl-1Ka My3l-1Ke t.Bat.eceTor sexa y Cp6l-1jl-1, MO>Ke ce pe-nl-1 t.a t-by xapaxrepuuie 'uansru' Ot.HOC ca Hl-1yeOBOM l-1 6eprCOHOBOM epl-11\030epl-1jOM, Ot.HOCHO, YnpOWl-1peHOM CMl-1CI\Y Ot.HOC ca HeMaYKOM l-1 eppaHuycKoM KyI\TypOM. OBl-1 KOHUenTl-1, Ma KOI\l-1KO cepa31\l-1KOBal\l-1, ooehaaajy YHl-1Bep3al\l-1CTl-1YKO 3aCHl-1Bat-be eCTeTl-1Ke 0 My3l-1Ul-1.

145 0 eCTeTl-1YKOM t.el\Y [laaxa Crerpauoauha: Eleonora Prohic, "Pavle Stefanovic, Skica zaportret", Zvuk br. 2, Beograd, 1989, CTp. 23-29, xao l-1 Marl-1CTapCKl-1 pat. Aleksandre N. Keserovic

137

HOBI1 3ByK

Izvori estetickog gledista PavIa Steienovice i njegova metodologija analize muzickog dela, Beograd,Fakultet muzicke umetnosti, 1993, KOjH je ypaben noz MeHTopcTBOM npoqiecopa ilp MHl\aHa ~aMfbaHOBHna.

146 nojaM 'XYMaHH3aM' yKa3yje ce y CTea yHyTap xoje ce yMeTHoCT 'ueurpupa' npeMa lbyilCKOj MepH H MonH.

147 Ecej ce yKa3yje xao Haj4ewnH eCTeTH4KH H ayTonoeTH4KH cnuc y pacnpasawa 0 My3HW1.3aTo rpefia nOCBeTHTH nocefi-ry na>KH>y '>KaHpy' eceja H H>eroBHM npOilyKTHBHHM XOpH30HTHMa. Cf.Theodor W. Adorno, "Esej 0 eseju", y: Nadezda Cacinovic-Puhovski (pr.), Theodor W. Adorno:Filozotsko-socioloski eseji 0 knjiievnosti, Skolska knjiga, Zagreb, 1985, CTp. 17-36.

148 CBeT03ap 6pKHn, "Kourpyueosoor TpaKTaT 0 MY3HUH", y: Svetla lovina, Nolit, Beograd,1972, CTp. 292-296.

149 CBeT03ap 6pKHn, "MY3H4Ke crpyxrype H neCHHWTBO ca noce6HHM OCBpTOM HclCTpa)/G1110-eo", 148; H6Hil CTp. 398--419.

150 BHileTH HH3 'HHTep-TeKCToBa' 0 npeoopaxajava My3HKe: Dopa nocHn: "Pipazoni", "Velikizvucni taktizon", "Koncert za pipanje", "Manifesti", "Pricinjavanja", "Bruitisti", "Iz HistorijeMuzike","Sta zna 0 tome Stravinski", "Jedan petoman", "Industrijska muzika", "Konkretna rnuzika","Medijevalna konkretna rnuzika". "E. Sati", "Sta sam ja", "Rostovska zvona", "Nosofon", "B L", "Zivotkao koncert". y: Mixed Media, Beograd, autorsko izdanje, 1970, CTp. 66-69, 86-88, 92-94, 96-100.

151 Bora Cosic. "Fluksus" H "Fluksus svuda", y: Mixed Media, Beograd, autorsko izdanje, 1970,CTp. 84-88 H 100.

152 nOTpe6Ho je YKa3aTH ua pa31\HKe H3Me1)y ynorpefia TepMHHa MOilepHa, aaanrapaa H ueo-aBaHrapila y OilHOCY Ha yMeTHocT (KH>H>KeBHOCT, I\HKOBHe yMeTHoCTH, rearap, a 0 pa3YMlbHBOCTH H npHXBaTlbHBoCTH' caspeveue My-

3HKe. Moryne je ynopeilHTH H>eroBa 'OMO>KeHa' HI\H 'nocpexua' 3Ha4eH>a ca eKCnl\HUHTHHM ilHCKyp-COM 0 HCTOM npo61\eMY xoc: Michel Foucault, Pierre Boulez, "Contemporary Music and the Public"y: 'John Rahn (np.). Perspectives on Musical Aesthetics, New York, W.W. Norton & Company, 1991,CTp. 83-89. 0 OilHOCY caapeveue My3HKe, crsapaoua H ny61\HKe BHileTH pacnpaBe: Mihovil Logar,"Kritika i publicitet naseg stvaralastva", Beograd, Zvuk br. 17-18, 1958, CTp, 317-325 H "Paradokskratkog spoja izrnedu publike i savremenog kompozitora", Sarajevo, Delo br. 83, 196B, CTp. 157-158,xao H: Milan Rankovie', "On the Unpopularity of New Music", Zagreb, International Review of theAesthetics and Sociology of Music, vol. X, No.2, 1979, CTp. 199-206.

157 Haaoa pe4H IKaKa ~epHile npewa: David Carroll, Pareesthetics. Foucault, Lyotard, Derrida,New York, London, Methuen, 19B7, CTp. 83.

158 3aMHcao 'aacrvna-sa'. KaKO je oase H3pe4eHa, yKa3yje ila ce KH>H>KeBHOCT (nHCMO) He no-jaBlbyje kao apourap y OilHOCY My3HKe H

M. WyBaKOBJin: ECTeTJ1Ka My3J1Ke XX eexe y Cp6J1jJ1

(ii) nOAeMI-14KI-1 TeKCTOBI-1, Ha npl-1Mep, nOAeMI-1Ka 1-13Me1)y MI-1AeHKa )KI-1BKOBl-1na "Onacnenojaae y caapeweuo] MY3I-1UI-1", beorpae, Mpl14KI1 rAaCHI1K 6p. 33, 1933, CTp. 49-59 1-1Bojncxasa BY4KoBl-1na, "Muzicki fasizam i njegovi eksponenti kod nas", Beograd, Zvukbr. 4, 1933-34, CTp. 131-135;

(iii) I-1HTepsjyl-1, Ha npnwep, py6pl-1Ka "Pe4 KOMn03I-1TOpa" y 4aconl-1cy HOBI1 3ByK OLl 6p. 1LlO 6p. 12, 6eorpaLl, 1993-1998; SI-1LleTI-1: fl.ejaH fl.ec:nl-1n "Paarosop ca BAaCTI-1Ml-1pOMnepI-14I-1neM", 6p. 2, 1993, CTp. 5-10; Tujaua nOnOBl-1n "Bl-1wecTpYKoCT 1-1 xoxepeur-HOCT. Pasroaop ca Cp1)aHoM XoepMaHoM", 6p. 3, 1994, CTp. 11-18; )aCMI-1Ha 3eu "My-31-1Ka Hl-1je caxao My31-1Ka. Pasroaop ca EHpl-1KOM )OCl-1epOM", 6p. 4-5, 1994-95, CTp.5-10; BAaLlaH PaLlOSaHOSl-1n "VlHTepsjy y orAeLlaAY", 6p. 9,1997, CTp. 5-10;

(ivl ayroperpxexcueue pac:npase concrseuor LleAa, Haj4ewne cy y nl-1TafbY 6eAewKe (ueo-6jaBibeHI-1 pyxoru-o-) I-1AI-1 UI-1Tl-1paHe 1-13jase, Ha npl-1Mep, HaBOLlI-1 1-13jasa KOMn031-1TOpay Kfbl-131-1 BAaCTI-1Ml-1pa nepl-141-1na MY3WIKI1 creepeoun y Cptiu], 6eorpaLl, npOcseTa,1969; d. Paul Pignon, "Beleske 0 kompozicionoj logici s osvrtom na moju kornpozi-ciju (tape music) yeah", Beograd, Rok br. 2, 1969, CTp. 133-139; SI-1LleTI-1 HI-13 ayrono-eTI-1LJKI-1X rexcroaa 1-1 ouuerrrvax-u-x npesxoxaxa YMeTHI-1Ka: 30paHa 6eAI-1na, MI-1AI-1-Ml-1pa fl.pawKOBl-1na, BAaLlI-1Ml-1pa Ioaauoeuha, Maprl-1Te fl.paKyAOBl-1n, Epua Kl-1palba,30paHa Ml-1pKOBl-1na, lexeue MI-1WeBl-1n, MI-10Llpara Aaaapoaa nacxya, MI1AOWa [lerpo-BV1na, nOAa nl-1fbOHa, fl.ywaHa PaLlV1na, BAaLlaHa Paaoaanoauha, M!'lpOCAaSa Casuha.BAaLlI-1Ml-1pa Toumha, Cpbaua XoepMaHa 11 Ml-1pOCAaSa WTaKl1na o6jasibeHe y: BAaLlaHPaLlOSaHOSl-1n (np.), "Tlocxeparua cpncKa aaaurapeua My311Ka (1955-1980)" (TeMaT),Huui, fpdJ1I1Ha 6p. 10, 1984, CTp. 38-116 11A1-1 cnuc Cpbaua XoepMaHa, "YHyTpawfbecAywafbe 1-1 1-1 HTYV1TI-1SHO npouaxaxe-se". beorpae. MY3114KI1 raxac 6p. 2-3, 1995, CTp.10-14;

(v) caMonpeLlCTaslbafba onyca, d. Vladan Radovanovic Samopredstavljanje umetnika,SKC, Nis, 1990; Boris Kovac, Novi Ritual (jedno poeticko misljenje /nove/ muzike),SKC, Nis, 1990; Kiraly Erne, Reflections, Forum, Kanjifa-Novi Sad, 1998.

160 0 . neTap KOfboBl-1n, MI1Aoje MWlOjeBl1n. KOMn03I1TOp 11 MY3114KI1 nuceu, CAH, becrpae,1954; BAaCTI-1Mlo1p nepl14l-1n, locud: MapI1HKOBl1n. )KI1BOT 11 J1eAa, CAHY 1-1 Hay-n-o LleAO, beorpae,1967; Srdan Hofman, "Kompozicioni postupak Gyorgya Ligetija u delu l.onteno", Zvuk br. 1,Sarajevo, 1980, CTp. 28-43 1-1 "Vokalinstra Vladana Radovanovica", Zvuk br. 12, Zagreb, 1983, CTp.31-33; 30paH Epuh, "3HaKoBI1 Cpbaua XoepMaHa xao nojMosHI-1K ynorpeoe >Kl-1se eAeKTpOHI-1Ke ynpouecy xpeapan.a peaxuor My31-14Kor speueua", HOBI1 3ByK, beorpaz, 1995, CTp. 97-103; BAacTI1-Ml1p Tpajxoauh. "KIbYLJHI1 onycl1 y crsapaxaurray MI-1Aoja MIo1Aojesl1na", y: KOMn03I1TOpcKO creepe-lIaWTBO Ml1l1oja MI1AojeBl1na, CAHY, Beorpas. 1998, CTp. 18-31.

161 [leaarounca LleAa cy Haj4ewne yo6AI-1LJeHa y LloMeHy HayKa 0 My3I-1UI-1, CaCBI-1M peTKI1 npV1-Mepl-1 cy cnl-1CI1 nocsehe-u- caMoj neaaroru]u KOMnOHOBafba. KapaKTepl-1CTI-1LJaH je npeBoLl LleAaCtirada Kohouteka, Tehnika komponovanja u muzici XX veke, Univerzitet umetnosti u Beogradu,Beograd, 1984. 0. Aleksandar Obradovic, Uvod u orkestreciju, Univerzitet umetnosti u Beogradu,1978; Srdan Hofman, Osobenosti elektronske muzike, Nota, Knjazevac, 1995.

162 Teopajov My31-1Ke ca yrpa1)eHI-1M eCTem4KI-1M rAeLlI1WTI-1Ma cy ce 6aSI-1AV1 KOMn03I-1TOpl-1:MI1Aoje M!'lAojeBV1n, MapKo Taj4esI1n, BAaCT!'lMl1p nepl-141-1n, fl.ejaH Aecnuh, 1-1 LlpyrV1.

161 0. riexeurxe 160, 161 1-1 164.164 0 : Petar Konjovic, Licnosti, Izdanje Sever i Popovac, Zagreb, 1920; MI-1Aoje MI-1Aojesl-1n,

My3114Ke cTyJ1l1je 11 411aHUI1 I-II, VlK reue KOHa, Eeorpaz, 1933; [lerap Ko-eoaah, OrAeJ111 () My3I1UI1,CK3, Eeorpaz. 1965; Nikola Hercigonja, Napisi () muzici, Urnetnicka akadernija, Beograd, 1972;Petar Bingulac, Napisi () muzici. Studije i eseji, Univerzitet umetnosti u Beogradu, Beograd, 1988.

165 0. Vladan Radovanovic, Pustolina, Nolit, 1968. 1-1 Nocnik. Snovi, Beograd, Nolit, 1972;Filip Filipovic, Misa Savic (np.). John Cage. Radovi-tekstovi 1939-1979, SIC, Beograd, 1981; LazarovMiodrag Pashu, "Metamuzika: jezik i transmedijalnost", Oometi br. 12, Rijeka, 1983, CTp. 5-12, JohnCoge, Oometi br. 7, Rijeka, 1984, CTp. 29-48; l.azarov Miodrag Pashu, Miroslav Misa Savic, MilimirDraskovic. Primeri ideoseme, autorsko izdanje, Beograd, 1983.

166 0 . MV1Aoje MV1AojeB!'ln: My311lfKe civan] 11 411dHUI1 I, VlK reue KOHa, Eeorpae. 1926; My-3WIKe CTyJ1l1je 11 LI1I3HUI1 II, Beorpas. 1933; 1-1 MY311LI Ke cTyJ1l1je 11 4113HUI1 III, beorpaz, 1953. 0 ecre-TI1UI1 My311Ke MI1Aoja MI1AojeEll1na BI1LleTI1: POKcaHLla rlejoBl1n, "MY3I-1Ka V1 ecreruxa", y: "MI1Aoje

139

HOBI1 3ByK

MVll\ojeBVln", y: "Crapuja reuepauuja ruuue 0 MY3V1UVI", y: MY3114Kd Kpl1TI1Kd 11 eceiucrnxe y beotpe-.Lly (7919~1947), KeMO H33B3TVI MO.LlepHI1CTWIKI1M, nOUJTO BOllVi xapd3yMeBal-by VI npeaovaea-sy nocebuocru My3V1Ke y OHTOI\OWKOM CMVlCI\Y.

174 MVll\ojeBVlneB npVlCTyn HOBOM y MY3V1UVI je MOL\epHVlCTVl4KVI 33XTeB KojVl je pedl\Vl30BJH VIH3 nl\dHY craapa-sa My3V1Ke VI Hd nl\dHY nOeTVlLJKI-1X VI eCTeTW1KVlX VllleHTVlepVlKdllVija.

175 KOH3epBaTVlBHVI eraBOBVI ce Mory p,nyMeTVI TpOCTpyKO: a) kao 110Cl\eL\VlUe KaHoHVl3auVijeMOL\epHe; 6) ao ycnocTaBlbatbe MOL\epHe y OKBVlpl-1Ma HaUVIOHal\He 6yp>KOaCKe KYI\Type; B) Kao no-Cl\eL\VlUa VlHL\I-1BI-1L\yaI\Hor paasoja 1-1 npOMeHa TOKOM >KVlBOTd.

176 MVll\ojeBVlneBe xonuenuuje HaUVlOHJI\HOr cy ozpebeae XOPVl30HTOM nOIlTeKCTYdl\HI-1X PO-MaHTVlLJdpCKVlX onuenuaja VI VllleHTVlTeTOM CI\OBeHCKe (fjaI\KaHCKe, jY>KHOCI\OBeHCKe, cpncxe) 6yp>Ko,acxe KYI\Type.

177 MVll\ojeBVlneB npucryn pel\VlrVljVl je napaaokcaxau VI eKl\eKTVlLJdH: y OCHOBVI xpmuhaucku.JI\VI ca MHorViM el\eMeHTVlMd yruuaja BdHeBponCKVlX pel\l-1rl-1jJ VI Vl3BeCHVlM Vl3pJ3V1Md VI 1\VI npCIlOLJdBd-tbVlMa xoja ce Mory TYMa4V1TVI KdO ndHTeVlCTVlLJKd.

17B Bojucxaa ByLJKOBVIn je L\OKTOpVlpao Vl3 crpyxe My3W,KVlX HdYKd Hd Kapl\OBOM yHVlBep3I-1Te-TY y [lparv 1934. roL\VlHe ca Te30M "MY3V1Ka KaO cpeL\CTBO nponarauce".

17') Bojucxaa ByLJKOBl-1n, 'Tlperxez, reopuje 1-1 ucropaje eCTeTI-1Ke. flpelldBal-ba Vl3 ec.reruxe yMy3V1LJKOj WKOI\VI 'CTaHKOBVln' y beorpaey" y: YMeTHOCT 11 YMeTHI14KO .Lle/\(). Ece] 11 CTy.Lll1je 0 yMeT-HOCTI1 11 My3I1UI1, HOI\VlT, beorpae, 1962, CTp. 49-11 7.

180 Cf. Bojucxaa BY4KoBVln, "MY3V1Kd KdO CpeL\CTBO nporiarauae - z.okropcka L\I-1CepTdUl-1jd","MaTepVlja1\VlcTVl4Ka epVlI\03oepVlja YMeTHOCTI-1", "MY3V14Kd yMeTHocT xao cy6jeKTI-1BH3 Cl\l-1Kd o6jeKTI-1B-HViX CTBapVl", "YMeTHocT KOl\eKTVlBa" VI "MY3V1LJKVI pedl\Vl3aM" (1938), ibid, erp. 118-177, 178234,235-242,243-248,249-259,260; xao VI "Idealizam i rnaterijalizarn 1I muz ici", Zvuk hr. 131, Sarajevo,1968, CTp. 2-9.

lBI Bojucxas ByLJKOBVln, "YBOIl y MY3W1KY eCTeTVlKY" (1942, HelloBpweHo) VI """-01\aT3K", YMeT-HOCT 11 YMeTHJ14KO .Llello. Eceiu J1 CTy.LlJ1je 0 yMeTHOCTJ1 J1 My.3I1UI1, HOI\VlT, EieorpdL\, 1962, erp.270-382, 383--410.

182 Dragutin Gostuski, Vreme umetnosti. Ptilog zesnivenk: jedne opste nauke 0 oblicitnn,Prosveta, Beograd, 1968.

140

M. WyBaKOBl1n: ECTeTl1Ka My311Ke XX eere y Cp611jl1

183 Cf. Dragutin Gostuski, "Brutizam i realnost", Polja br. 96-97, Novi Sad, 1966, CTp. 1-2;"Kriza laznog progresa. Estetski i eticki profil rnuzicke avangarde na zagrebackorn bijenalu", Polja br.107-108, Novi Sad, 1967, CTp. 10; KpYlH14KYl cnYlCYl Aparyruua rOCTywKOr cy cafipauu y Kl-bYl3YlYMeTHOCT y uesocretxv AOKa3a, CK3, Seorpaz, 1978.

184 Y nYlTal-bY cy pa3AYl4YlTYl npYlMepYl cyxooa. Ha npYlMep, y KI-bYl>KeBHOCTYl: Yl3Me1)y rpasnua-OHaAYlCTa Yl MOl>.epHYlCTa nOLleTKOM XX aexa, MOl>.epHYlCTa Yl aaaarapzncra I>.Bat..eceTYlX rOt..YlHa, MO-l>.epHYlCTa Yl COUYljaAHo OpYljeHTYlCaHYlX ayTopa rpasecerax Yl paHYlX -rerpaecerux rol>.YlHa, COUpeaAYl-CTa Yl MOt..epHYlCTa neaecerux rOt..YlHa YlAYl Tpat..YlUYlOHaAYlCTa Yl nOCTMOt..epHYlCTa t..eBet..eceTYlX rOt..YlHa.Kapakrepucrw-rau npuwep je Yl cyK06 eOeTYl4apa Tpat..YlUYlOHaAYlCTe Aparaua JepeMYlna Yl nncua npo-TOnOCTMot..epHYlCTe naHYlAa KYlwa. Taxobe, KOt.. Yl3BeCHYlX epYlA030epa Yl ecreru-rapa je Yl3pa3YlTO no-reuuupau,e 'Yll>.eje' KpYl3e MOl>.epHOCTYl, WTO nOTYl4e Ha4eAHO Yl3 rpu Yl3Bopa: 1) Yl3 KpYlTYl4Ke r eopu-je, Ha npYlMep, asopuoscea pa3MYlWibafba 0 KpYl3Yl Mot..epHe My3YlKe Yl KyAType; 2) Yl3 'Ylt..eja' 0 KpYl3YlMot..epHOCTYl y OI>.HOCY Ha Yll>.eaAe Yl MeTaepYl3Yl4Ke npojexre 'xYMaHYlOYl4Ke rpaeuuuje'. OI>.HOCHO Yl3ysepe-sa 0 '6eCTeMeibHOCTYl' Yl '6ecKynHYlWTBy' (kako je TOnpojexroaauo y epYlA030epYljYl xajserepoa-ckor er3YlCTeHUYljaAYl3Ma); 3) Yl3 CTaBOBa nOBe3aHYlX ca Yll>.eaAYlMa HaUYlOHaAHe Tpal>.YlUYlje Yl ClM06YlT-HOCTYl (cpncrsa, CAOBeHCTBa, npasocxaen,a) KOjYl ce nocraan.a uacynpor sanazuoj paUYlOHaAHOCTYl,OTyl)el-bY MOl>.epHYl3Ma YlAYl ap6YlTpapHOCTYl Yl 'rpauocapaxrepasauaju' nOCTMOl>.epHe. Kal>.a ce rOBO-pYl () nOAeMYlKaMa Yl cyK06YlMa yHyTap 'I>.YlCKypca' 0 My3YlUYl, raaa ce Yl31>.Bajajy qeTYlpYl npYloyna KO-ja ce npare 01>. XIX sexa 1>.0 l>.aHaWI-bYlX I>.dHa: a) npojexr YHYlBep3aAHOCTYl 3anal>.He My3YlKe 3dCHOBa-He Ha Yll>.eaAYlMa esponcxor xyMaHYl3Ma 01>. peHecaHce npeKO 6apOKd 1>.0 KAaCYl4HOr CTYlAa YlpOMaHTYl3Ma; 6) npojexr HaUYlOHaAHe My3YlKe xoja uacraje Ha CYlHTe3aMa epOAKAopHe Tpdl>.YlUYlje Yl sa-nazue My3YlKe; B) npojexr HaUYlOHaAHe My3YlKe koja uacraje Ha CYlHTe3aMa npaBOCAdBHe My3Yl4Kerpazuuaje Yl aanazne My3YlKe, a 4eCTC) BOI>.Yl Yl xa l>.eAYlMYl4Hoj pet..yKUYljYl 'rparoaa' aanasue My3YlKe;r) npojexn- MOl>.epHe, aaaarapzne Yl nOCTMOt..epHe sanaeue My3YlKe. npYlMepYl 'epeTYlWYl3aUYlje' 3dMYl-CAYl 'KpYl3e' caBpeMeHe YlAYl aanasue yMeTHOCTYl, My3YlKe Yl KyAType jecy crincu: Sergije Petrovic,"Srnerovi u muzici novog doba koji stvarno znace degradaciju rnuzicke urnetnosti", y: Umetnost iprogres, NIRO 'Knjizevne novine', Beograd, 1988, CTp. 111-114; Mirko Zurovac, "Ozbiljna urnetnost1I znaku duhovne krize", y: Cemu umetnost? Zbornik radova, Esteticko drustvo Srbije, Beograd, 1998,CTp. 93-100.

185 MYlpjaHa BeceAYlHOBYln-XoepMaH, "Floeruxa", y: YMeTHoCT 11113BaH fbe. nOeTI1Ka 11 CTBapa-AaWTBO BAaAaHa PaAOBaHOBl1na, Man1ua cpncxa, HOBYl Cas, 1991, op. 9-35.

18& Vladan Radovanovic, "Traganje za kriterijumorn vrednovanja muzickog dela". Zvuk br. 54,Beograd, 1962. CTp. 389-400, "Teorija i kritika 1I odnosu na muzicko stvaralastvo", Zvuk br. 113-114,Sarajevo, 1971, op. 147-151 Yl "Vrednosti i kriteriji, od urnetnosti do muzickog dela" (pyxorurc),1988.

187 BAal>.aH PaI>.OBaHOBYln: pYKOnYlC je np04YlTaH npe xouuepra, nOBOt..OM Yl3AO>K6e BAal>.aHaPal>.OBaHOBYlna Yl Aeouuca lllejxe, 5eorpal>., Cpel>.YlHa neaecerux: BAal>.aH Pasoaauoaah. "UJoCTaKOBYlq

~1 CTBapaAaWTBO", pyxonuc, 1955.\88 Cf. BAal>.aH Pat..OBaHOBYln, "5YlTHYljYl diakropa paasoja uauie MY3YlKe", 3ByK, beorpae,

19h3, CTp. 494-498; "Carvauuja My3YlKa: 01>. COHYlKe xa TpaHc-MY3YlUYl", Kfbl1>KeBHe HOBI1He 6p. 628,beorpac, 1981, CTp. 12-13.

1W) Cf. BAal>.aH PaI>.OBaHOBYlrl, "EAeMeHTYl exexrpoucxe Yl KOHKpeTHe MY3YlKe", pykonnc, cpe-1'.~lHa We31'.eCeTYlX ro1'.YlHa; "EAeKTpoHcKa My3YlKa: He-yMeTHoo, yMeTHocT, aaaurapaa?", Kvravp 6p.23, beorpaz, 1973, op. 83-91; "Ecrercxo yCMepel-be eAeKTpoHcKor oy1'.Ylja Pa1'.Ylo-5eorpa1'.a", 3ByK6p. 1, Capajeso, 1975, CTp. 15-19; "MY3YlKa Yl TeXHYlKa", 4

HOBI1 3BYK

192 0. Vladan Radovanovic, "Tendencije napustanja oblasti zvuka", Zvuk br. 72, Sarajevo,1967, CTp. 8-15; "Cpncxa aBaHraplla y oMacKy oz, MY3~Ke (1955-1980)", rpai11-1Ha 6p. 10, Huur,1984, CTp. 5-37.

193 v13llBajajy ce pa3A~4~Te o6AaCT~ ~CTpa>K~Ba4KOr palla:(1) y pall~OoH~j~ - "Muzika za radio i prelazni radiofonski oblici", Ireci program RB br.

42, Beograd, 1979, CTp. 35-39;(2) Y ~HTepll~CU~nA~HapHoM - "Interdisciplinarno i transrnedijalno u urnetnosti". Treci pro-

gram RB br. 40, Beograd, 1979, CTp. 467-471;(3) Y Teop~j~ Mell~ja - "Mediji i kriteriji", De/o hr. 4, Beograd, 1977, up. 1-10;(4) y c~HTe3~jcK~M ~CTpa>K~Bafb~Ma - "Kompozitorske sinteze osarndesetih nisu sarno

rnuzicke", Sk/adate/jske sinteze osamdesetih godin, Muzicki biennale, Zagreb, 1986,CTp.69-76;

(5) y pacnpaBaMa BOKoB~3yeAHor craapau,a: KaTaAOI" Verbo-Voko-vizuefno u Ju,~()s/dviji7950-7980, Muzej savrernene umetnosti, Beograd, 1982. ~ Kfb~ra Vokovizue/, Beograd,Nolit. 1987.

194 BAalldH Pd1l0BaHOB~n, 'Tlocxeparua cpnoca aBaHrapllHa MY3~Ka (1955-1980)" (TeMaT),rpMI1HJ 6p. 10, Huur, 1984.

195 Vladan Radovanovic, Elektroekustick muzik iztnedu opiteg i posebnog sveta muzike,iztnedu medija i stile, doktorski rad, Fakultet rnuziuke urnetnosti, Beograd, 1998.

142