8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

1/15

WiRo Energie&Konnex Consulting GmbH phone +49-241/16848-90Theaterstrasse 30-32 D-52062 Aachen Germany www.wiro-consultants.de

The Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings EPBD

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

2/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 1

Background Oil-crises in the 70ies

Europe is highly depending on imports of fossil fuels Society has come to an additional conclusion:

Burning of fuels CO2-Emissions Global warming

Kyoto-Protocol from 1997

Global greenhouse gas emissions shall be reduced by 5,2 % until 2012(Europe: 8 %, Germany: 21 %)

More than 130 nations have ratified the protocol (but not big polluters like

USA, Australia, Russia)

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

3/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 2

European Legislation More than 40 % of final energy consumption in the Residential and

tertiary sector, major part for buildings Energy consumption in the building sector has always been a concern for

the European Community:

Directive 89/106/EEC: construction works must be designed for low energyconsumption (back in 1989!)

Directive 93/76/EEC: R&D and funding programmes to limit CO2 emissionsby improving energy efficiency SAVE-Directive

Action plan on energy efficiency of the European Commission However, legal instrument were necessary to realize the high saving

potential more quickly

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

4/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 3

Establishing the Buildings Directive DIRECTIVE 2002/91/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE

COUNCIL on the Energy Performance of BuildingsEnergy Performance of Buildings Directive EPBD

EPBD creates a framework of requirements and suggestions

Entry into force in January 2003, national governments had to transform

framework into law within 3 years (January 2006)

For new member states such as Cyprus, a longer period was granted

Also for states with a lack of qualified experts (concerning certificates and

maintenance of HVAC systems)

Cyprus regulation in effect

since Dezember 2008

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

5/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 4

New regulation on Cyprus from December 2007 Building application must prove that certain standards are maintained

Law gives requirements of minimal energy efficiency of buildings (insulation) and

proposes methodology for efficiency calculation

Additional information is given:

Basics on thermal insulation

Criteria for selecting building elements

Good examples, including cost-benefit-analysis

Thermal conductivity of building elements ()

Calculation tool

Ministry of Commerce Industry&Tourismwww.cie.org.cy

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

6/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 5

/10/ Integrated approach insulation, building services and building design Integrating the requirement for space heating, space cooling, ventilating,

lighting and hot water

Application of renewableenergy sources

Design of the building

Calculation of energy use,final- and primary energy

Annex to EPBD: General framework for the calculation of energyperformance of buildings (Article 3)

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

7/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 6

/11/ Further development of technical standards EN 832: Thermal performance ofresidential buildings - Calculation of

energy use for heating prEN 13790: Thermal performance of buildings - Calculation of energy

use for space heating and cooling Necessary to also include air-conditioning systems and lighting

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

8/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 7

/12/ and Art. 4, 5: Minimum energy performance requirements Buildings have an impact on long-term energy consumption

Only 1-2 % of building stock are renovated each year (Germany) Member States have to take the necessary measures to ensure thatminimum energy performance requirements are set:

Appropriate to local climate (general, EU-wide guidelines would be useless) Differentiated for new and existing buildings and different categories

Alternative energy supply systems shall be promoted: sometimes acomplicated matter

nationwide study considering technical, environmental and economicfeasibility, official list of cost-effective measures

Exemptions for industrial sites with low energy demand, monuments,churches, and others

Review and update required every five years

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

9/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 8

/13/ - /15/ and Art. 6: Existing Buildings major renovations Major renovations give opportunity to take cost-effective measures to

enhance energy performance

For buildings over 1,000 m useful floor area

Major renovation:

Total cost of the renovation related to the building shell and/or energyinstallations is higher than 25 % of the value of the building

more than 25 % of the building shell undergoes renovation

Cost-effectiveness: Recovering of additional costs within a reasonable

period of time in relation to technical lifetime by accrued energy savings

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

10/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 9

/16/ and Art. 7, 10: Energy performance certificate Vision: Increasing awareness of energy

cost (second rent) at buyers/tenants

This increases demand for efficientbuildings (market economicalapproach)

Energy performance certificate

declares energetic quality

includes reference values (legal

standards, benchmarks/best practice) documents technical data

initiates activities

Validity shall be less than 10 years

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

11/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 10

Energy performance certificate (contd) Certificate must be made available

to the prospective buyer or tenantwhen buildings are constructed, sold, rented out

For buildings

1. with total useful floor area over 1 000 m

2. occupied by public authorities/institutions providing public services3. frequently visited by the public

an energy certificate must be placed in a prominent place Many details and implications hot discussions during legislation

process in Germany

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

12/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 11

Energy performance certificate Energy service companies, BOT projects Very many buildings need certification through independent experts Certification process may be supported by programmes [] based upon

agreements between organisations of stakeholders and a body appointedby the Member States

Certifications may be carried out by energy service companies whichagree to commit themselves to undertake the identified investments This may become a thriving business!

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

13/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 12

/18/ Thermal performance during summer period Rising number of air-conditioning systems in southern Europe

Considerable problems at peak load times, increasing cost of electricityand disrupting the energy balance (power shortages, black outs)

(Further development of) passive cooling techniques:

Improving indoor climatic

conditions and microclimatearound buildings

Geothermal energy,

cooling sails, night cooling etc. Close coordination betweenarchitects and engineers necessary

Urban planning is involved

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

14/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 13

/19/ and Art. 8, 9: Regular maintenance and inspection Regular maintenance of boilers and of air-conditioning systems:

Maintaining adjustment in accordance with product specification and inthat way will ensure

Optimal performance as to environmental, safety, energy and energy cost Inspection: regular assessment of installation, independent advice

regarding optimisation or replacement

Qualified personnel necessary Independent experts necessary

8/14/2019 03 EPBD Buildings Directive 1 02 ML

15/15

Directive on the energy performance of buildingsSlide 14

/20/ Metering and billing of energy consumption Actual consumption should be metered and billed,

esp. in residential sector

If possible for heating, air-conditioning and hot water

Raises awareness in occupants and contributes to energy saving

Next step: Occupants should be enabled to regulate consumption of heatand hot water