Canada’s Emerging Autonomy – The Results of WWI

Paris 1919 – Paris Peace Conference• The ______________ is signed on November 11th, 1918• In ______________, a conference was organized to discuss the agreement for

peace.• This is the Paris Peace Conference – it lasts for 6 months.• More than 30 countries attended the conference. • Germany and its allies were not allowed to join. • Russia, that had negotiated with Germany during the treaty of

______________ was not invited.

Canada at the Paris Peace Conference• Canada helped a lot during the war, and fought under it’s own

commanders (not Britain)• Canada wanted to have its own seat at the conference.• The American president – ______________, did not think that Canada should

have its own seat. • He thought Britain should vote for the British Empire, and if Canada voted

– it would just be another vote for Britain. • Canada ______________ included.• British Prime Minister Lloyd George supported Canada. • Canadian Prime Minister Borden was included in signing the Treaty of

Versaille• Canada is recognized internationally as an ____________________________ • They have their own seat at an international conference. • They can make decisions independent of Britain.

The Treaty of Versailles:• This document laid out the terms of peace between Germany and the

______________• Use President Woodrow Wilson had proposed a ______________ ______________

______________ for “just and lasting peace” which emphasized ______________ and future international cooperation.

• BUT – some Allied leaders wanted to ______________ Germany, and make it pay for the damage they had caused during the war.

Important Terms: The Treaty of VersaillesGermany must sign a War Guilt Clause:• They have to accept ______________ ______________ for causing the war.

Germany’s territory is reduced. • ______________ ______________ is returned to France. Rhineland on the west

bank remains part of Germany, but would be de militarized (no military is allowed there)

• Some of Germany’s land would be given to ______________ so that it could have a corridor to the sea.

• Germany also had to give up its ______________

Germany Pays War Reparations:• ______________ paid to countries where there was damage.

German Army Restricted:• They are only allowed to have ______________• Germany has to surrender their navy, including its U-boats, and supply

ships• Germany is not allowed to have an ______________

Germany and Austria are not allowed ______________

The Treaty of Versailles – Future Problems• Is signed on ____________________________• Germany did not want to sign, but the allies threatened to keep fighting if

they didn’t• Germany’s economy was in ruins – they ______________ make full reparation

payments.• Different ethnic and cultural groups were combined to create new nations

– many people were left without a homeland.• Feelings of nationalism were ______________• Prime Minister Lloyd George:

“We shall have to fight another war all over again in 25 years at three times the cost.”

Questions:• What was the main aim of the Treaty of Versailles? • What parts of the Treaty would cause future problems? • Do you think the treaty was fair to Germany? Why or Why not?

The League of Nations• Included in the Treaty of Versailles• Based on the idea of “____________________________” • If one member came under attack – all members united against the

aggressor (this is similar to the ______________ system)• Prime Minister Borden won the right to have Canada join the League of

Nations• The Leagues 42 founding members met in Paris on January 16th, 1920• Britain and France want the freedom to keep being imperialist• But – they agreed to the basic concept• Smaller counties worried about the great powers overpowering them

liked the idea of the __________________________________________• The United States refused to join the League because they rejected the

principle of collective security (they don’t want to be forced into fighting in a war).

• The United States is ____________________________The Leagues Limitations• Because the United States didn’t join – it was ____________________________• Everyone needed to cooperate for the league to work – and countries

were not very good at cooperating at this time.

• The league could only punish a country with sanctions – and restricting trade.

• The League did not have a ______________ ______________ to make their decisions go through

Canada After the War:Returning Soldiers:• Most soldiers are home by ______________• There were no pensions, no special medical services for those that were

injured and no jobs.• Many employers had ______________ during the war, but the people that

were fighting in the war didn’t see any benefit.

Aboriginal People:• During the war aboriginal people benefitted from social changes • After the war not much changed and they still faced prejudice• Aboriginal soldiers received ______________ ______________ than other veterans

after the war

Flu Pandemic – 1918:Spanish Flu:• Spanish flu swept across Europe killing millions• Returning soldiers carried the virus to North America• The virus was especially ______________ for young people • ______________ ______________ worldwide were killed – more than the war

itself. • Aboriginal communities were ______________

What do these political cartoons represent ?