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▪ Militarism- Build up of armies and navies
▪ Alliances- Nations organized against each other
▪ Imperialism- Competition for markets and colonies
▪ Nationalism- Belief your country is the best
ASSASSINATION OF ARCHDUKE FERDINAND
1914 a man from Serbia killed Austria-Hungarian heir to throne Archduke Ferdinand
CENTRAL POWERS - Austria-Hungary; Germany; Bulgaria; Ottoman
Empire ALLIED POWERS- Serbia; Russia; France
Great Britain
German-American and Irish-American immigrants wanted US to back Central Powers
Many Americans disliked autocratic leader in Germany
America remained neutral
December 1914 National Security League train men for combat make sure people are ready for war
make sure people are patriotic
Even though the US proclaimed its neutrality it began to trade more and more with Allied powers.
Germany warned US it would use its U-Boats to sink American ships transporting ammunition
U-Boat = submarines
May 7,1915 Germans sink British passenger liner Lusitania *Cause of American Entrance Into War
Killed 1,200 passengers 128 Americans
On May 24,1916 Germans sink French passenger ship Sussex
US threatened to cut off diplomatic relations with Germany if they didn’t stop submarine warfare
Britain intercepts a telegram from Arthur Zimmermann, Germany’s foreign secretary to Mexico
Telegram offers Mexico help if they fight the United States
Liberty Bonds were sold to pay for war
People could redeem the bonds after war with interest
$20 Billion was raised
With less immigrants coming to America factories turned to African Americans and Mexican Americans to work
500,000 African Americans left the South for Northern cities
400,000 women joined the workforce
1918 Congress proposes the Suffrage Amendment
August 24,1920 Amendment becomes law
People began to distrust anything related to Germany
Changed German sounding names, burned books
Attacked and lynched people of German ancestry
Espionage Act of 1917 Crime to interfere with draft Crime to mail “treasonous” materials
Sedition Act of 1918 Crime to say or publish anything bad
about the government, constitution, flag, or military
Supreme Court rules free speech can be restricted during wartime
Clear and present danger
“fire” in a movie theater
1917 Russian Revolution Communist state established Russia out of war
Fear communism will sweep through US
November 1918 war ends Allies win
Paris Peace Conference Jan. 1919 Meeting of world leaders to discuss
peace
Woodrow Wilson’s plan for peace No secret diplomacy Freedom of seas Free trade Reduce arms Self-Determination League of Nations
Germany loses Blamed for war Reparations Loss of military Loss of land Loss of colonies
Many fear it will pull US into more wars
Senate does not approve Treaty of Versailles US not in League of Nations
US- largest creditor Countries owe US $
European nations can’t payThe Dawes Plan
US lends money to Germany Germany pays reparations Allies pay US
Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928 15 nations meet and sign pact War outlawed except in self-defense
Senate rejected TreatyJuly 2, 1921 Congress votes to
end warCongress ratifies separate peace
treaties with Germany, Austria and Hungary