11th-12th Grade Qur’an Packet 7

Ms. Yasmine

October 8-10

Name ______________________________________

Iman Academy SE 2014-2015

What are we learning this week?

Write reflections on three selections from the Qur’an Develop the habit of reading/memorizing the Qur’an daily Review memorization of Suwar from Juz’ ‘Amma (If you’re

done, move on.) Review Vocabulary Words from last year. Answer questions about Approaches to Tafsir Answer questions about Surat ‘Abasa Correct recitation of Surat al-Kafirun

Qur’an Journal: Doubts and Fear

Write your thoughts on each of these two topics in light of the Ayat.

Wednesday, October 8: al-Baqarah 147

ك فال تكونن من الممترين ب الحق من رThe truth is from your Lord, so never be among the doubters.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________After discussion thoughts and reflections:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Friday, October 10: al-Baqarah 150

فال تخشوهم واخشوني So do not fear them, but fear Me.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________After discussion thoughts and reflections:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Memorization Plan

DaySurah &

AyatMs. Y’s

okay

Tester Name

FinalGrad

e

Tester Signature

& Comments

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Weekly Qur’an Log

Day Suwar/Ayat Skill Time

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Total Weekly Minutes: ____________

Vocabulary: Review (& More )

Subject Pronouns الضمائر

المنفصلةDemonstrati

ves أسماءاإلشارة

أنا هذانحن هذهأنت هذانأنت هاتانأنتما هؤالءأنتم ذلكأنتن ذاكهو ذانكهي تانكهما تلكهم أولئكهن Relative

Asma’ األسماءالموصولة

Notes الذيالتي

اللذاناللتانالذينالالتي ما

من

Exercise 1: Complete each Ayah segment with the correct demonstrative.

جرة فتكونا من  .1 وال تقربا ______ الشالظالمين

تقدير العزيز العليم ______ .2هم الكافرون حقا وأعتدنا ______.3

للكافرين عذابا مهيناقالوا إن _____ لساحران يريدان أن .4

يخرجاكم من أرضكمتي نورث من عبادنا من _____.5 ة ال الجن

ا كان تقي فليعبدوا رب ____ البيت.67. ي أريد أن أنكحك إحدى ابنتي قال إن

_____ قال إن ______ ضيفي فال تفضحون.8

Exercise 2: Search to find three different Ayat, each with a different Relative “Pronoun”. Write the Ayat here along with their translations. Circle the pronoun in Arabic AND English.

1. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Analytical Tafsir

First: Tafsir bi-l-ma’thoor (Tradition-based Tafsir)

Definition: All explanations of the Qur’an which can be traced back through a chain of transmission to a sound source.Sources of Tafsir bi-l-ma’thoor :

The Qur’an itself The explanation of the Prophet (S) The explanation by the Companions of the Prophet (S) and

their successors

Examples of this category:1. Jaami’ al-Bayaan ‘an Ta’weel Aay al-Qur’an by Imam Ibn

Jareer at-Tabari (d. 310 AH)2. Ad-Durr al-Manthoor by Imam Jalaluddin as-Suyooti (d. 911

AH)

Second: Tafsir bi-l-ra’y (Opinion-based Tafsir)

Definition: Deriving an opinion in the interpretation of the Qur’an through reasoning.Types of Tafsir bi-l-ra’y: Tafsir Mahmood (praiseworthy): Deriving an opinion in the interpretation of the Qur’an through reasoning based on sound sources

رون القرآن أم على قلوب أقفالها أفال يتدبThen do they not reflect upon the Qur'an, or are there locks upon

[their] hearts? (Muhammad: 24)

ر أولو األلباب روا آياته وليتذك يدب كتاب أنزلناه إليك مبارك ل[This is] a blessed Book which We have revealed to you, [O

Muhammad], that they might reflect upon its verses and that those of understanding would be reminded. (Saad: 29)

Examples of this category: 1. Anwaar at-tanzeel wa Asraar at-Ta’weel by ‘Abdullah ibn

‘Umar al-Baydhaawy (d. 685/691 AH)2. Irshaad al-‘Adl as-Saleem ila Mazaaya al-Kitab al-Kareem by

‘Abus-Su’ood Muhammad ibn Muhammad (d. 982 AH)Tafsir Madhoom (blameworthy): Deriving an opinion in the interpretation of the Qur’an through reasoning based on ignorance or mere desire

ي الفواحش ما ظهر منها وما بطن واإلثم والبغي م رب ما حر قل إن

ل به سلطانا ه ما لم ينز وأن تقولوابغير الحق وأن تشركوا بالل

على الله ما ال تعلمونSay, "My Lord has only forbidden immoralities - what is apparent of them and what is concealed - and sin, and oppression without right, and that you associate with Allah that for which He has not sent down authority, and that you say about Allah that which you

do not know." (al-A’raaf: 33)

مع والبصر والفؤاد كل أولئك وال تقف ما ليس لك به علم إن الس

كان عنه مسئوالAnd do not pursue that of which you have no knowledge. Indeed, the hearing, the sight and the heart - about all those [one] will be

questioned. (Israa’: 36)

Examples of this category:1. Amaali ash-Shareef al-Murtadha by ‘Ali ibn at-Tahir (d. 436

AH)2. Al-Kash’aaf by Mahmood ibn ‘Umar az-Zamakhshari (d. 538

AH)

Thematic Tafsir

Definition: The Qur’anic science which interprets different issues and themes in view of the Qur’anic objectives through the study of one Surah or through multiple Ayat.

Evolution of Thematic Tafsir

Stage 1: Classical ApproachMethods used:1. Makki and Madani Qur’an2. Legal verses or Ayatul-Ahkaam

3. The particular study of Sciences of the Qur’an4. The theological (‘Aqeedah) approach of the Qur’an\

Stage 2: Contemporary ApproachThe common methodologies of Thematic Tafsir:1. The examination of one word or term2. The examination of a single Surah3. The examination of one particular subject or issue (the most

prominent approach)

Tafsir Homework: Approaches to Tafsir

Answer the following questions.

1. Compare the analytical and thematic approaches to interpreting the Qur’an.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What is Tradition-based Tafsir? What are its sources? Give an example of this type of Tafsir?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Tafsir books are largely referred to by ____________________________.

4. If a person begins with a certain premise, researches the Qur’an and studies all the narrations on the Ayat pertaining to the topic, and then he finds that the Ayat’s explanations do not seem to support his original theory, he should:(a) Offer new interpretations that will make the Qur’an fit

his theory(b) Change his view on the matter

5. Is Opinion-based Tafsir praiseworthy or blameworthy? Explain.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Earlier works that had a more thematic approach to Tafsir collected verses based on methods including:- ______________________________________- _______________________________________- _______________________________________- _______________________________________

7. Contemporary approaches include:- ______________________________________- _______________________________________- _______________________________________

8. How would you categorize Nouman Ali Khan’s Tafsir style? Why?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Dream Tafsir Notes - Nouman Ali KhanSurah Abasa [80]: Introduction

Respecting Allah's Messenger:

This Surah discusses a really sensitive topic. We should be careful about what we say when talking about Allah's Messenger (S). In Madani Qur'an (Qur'an revealed in Madinah) - we see that Allah criticizes the Bedouins for just talking casually with the Messenger of Allah like they talk to other people.

They would say when Allah's Messenger was within his home: علينا أخرج محمد O) ياMuhammad, come outside to us!)

They would talk to Allah's Messenger like they spoke to each other - with no disrespect intended either. But Allah disliked what he saw of them - of not respecting His Messenger, so He said:

Qur’anic Du’aa’ of the Week

ك  نا أتمم لنا نورنا واغفر لنا إن ربعلى كل شيء قدير

"Our Lord, perfect for us our light and forgive us. Indeed, You are over all things competent."

ال تجهروا له بالقول كجهر بعضكم لبعض أن تحبط أعمالكموأنتم ال تشعرون

...nor speak aloud to him in talk as you speak aloud to one another, lest your deeds may be rendered fruitless while you perceive not. [al Hujurat 49:2]

There are 2 extremes in regard to how Muslims relate to the Messenger of Allah:

1 - Those that have almost no respect for him or his Sunnah. i.e. These people say things like:

"It’s only a hadith."

"It’s not in the Qur'an."

"His job was to deliver the message and we don't have to follow every small detail he did."

2 - They have so much love for Allah's Messenger that they almost, or sometimes actually do, commit shirk (association of partners with Allah).

So we have to follow the middle way - the way the companions and Salaf (earliest generations of Muslims)- who honored the Messenger of Allah by following his teachings sincerely without distortion.

Background information:

The Messenger of Allah was giving Da’wah (invitation to Islam) to the high ranked of the Quraysh. Some say 'Utba bin Rabi'a or Abu Jahl, etc. These people were the high class elite in Makkah, and they're actually agreed to discuss matters with him (S). Compare this to the other Suwar where they are either making fun of him, or being sarcastic. It seems they were willing to have a conversation with him this time and he was achieving something in Da'wah now.

On the other hand, Abdullah ibn Umm Maktoom is the cousin of Khadija. He is a blind man, and one of the earliest Muslims. So we don't disrespect him either since he is one of the Sabiqoon (those closest to Allah for accepting Islam so early).

It’s known that when a blind person talks, they talk loudly so they can get their point across. They have a loss of vision; they can't see how people react to their voice, and they might think this is the best method to receive attention.

He comes to the Messenger of Allah and said:

يا محمدعلمني من ما علمك الله(O Muhammad! teach me from what Allah has taught you).

Allah's Messenger was busy in calling these people to Islam. It's not common that all these leaders will sit together and actually engage in discussion with Allah's Messenger.

Since Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum did not hear a response clearly, he thought that Allah's Messenger may not have heard him. So he repeated his question repeatedly.

Throughout history, the elite have rejected Islam due to their pride.

"Why should we accept Islam when the lower class; poor, weak, oppressed are with you, and if we were to become Muslims - we would lose our respect for being with such people as our companions."

This was the mindset of the disbelieving leaders.

So this seems like the situation Allah's Messenger was in when this event occurred.

Allah's Messenger was conveying the message of Islam to them.

In this scenario: The elite of Quraysh will just about see Ibn-al-Maktum coming close to Allah's Messenger, and they'll walk away - 'We don't want to be seen in the presence of this blind man.'

The Messenger of Allah is getting somewhere in the Da'wah to the elite. Ibn Umm Maktum, who is already a believer, can wait and ask again later. Since this Golden opportunity of the elite listening to your message is not so easy to get.

So from the Messenger of Allah's situation - he didn't actually do anything wrong.

Ibn Umm Maktum is blind, so he can't actually see any frown. And this probably why Allah said "a'maa" [the blind one] to describe the situation. And if he didn't see a frown - how is he going to feel insulted?

Uff - Allah tells us not to say Uff to our parents [see Israa' 17:23]. i.e. Don't make a noise to show them you're displeased. Yet Allah's Messenger never even made a sound of displeasure to the blind man, just a frown which couldn't even be seen.

Why did Allah send these Ayat?

Allah has different standards based on someone’s ranks. The ranks rise as your standards with Allah rise:

- Muslim (one who submits to Allah)

- Mu'min (Believer who has stayed firm in Iman (belief) even after hard trials)

- Muhsin/Muttaqi. (Perfection in Iman/Allah fearing)

- Messenger from Allah (The highest level)

Allah had the highest standard for His best Messenger. Allah is very sensitive to the smallest of actions of the Messenger of Allah. From our perspective, we cannot blame the Prophet (S).

Why? Let's see;

1) The blind man interrupted the conversation of Allah's Messenger and persisted in that. So really, it would be his error.

2) Allah's Messenger wanted to give Da’wah [invitation to Islam] to a noble from the Quraysh [elite] because they would hardly listen to his call beforehand, and now that someone's listening - they might accept Islam and influence many others to Islam too (since when an elite member of society accepts a truth, the masses look into that truth and more willingly accept it.)

3) The blind man persisted in asking when he had other times to ask too, which causes the listener - who is involved in an important project - to become annoyed when they're in a chance for huge success.

4) This leads to the 'frown' and turning away, which really - a blind person can't even notice. So is this really an insult to them?

5) Yet Allah would reveal Ayat/verses - which would be recited for many centuries by all people - about this scenario, to show the high level of expectations He has for His Messenger, and his followers. So, he should not even frown and turn away from a blind man (since Allah is still watching us), and that he should call the rich as well as poor to Islam equally without biased precedence.

Now there are many words in Arabic to describe an angry face in the Arabic language. These are as follows:

Uboos عبوس [noun] -Abasa عبس [verb]. (Frown: Bulging of forehead only due

to annoyance.)

Qalaha قله - Grinding Teeth due to anger.

Basar بسر - When the face becomes ugly due to Anger. [also see Surah Muddathir

74:22]

Basal بسل - The face made during extreme anger in war and fighting.

We see that the least minimum of just a frown [uboos] of slight frustration was just shown on the face of Allah's Messenger, yet Allah revealed Ayaat/verses about it to forbid it and to raise the already great character of His Messenger to the next level.

Afterwards, whenever he [the blind man Ibn Umm Maktum came to him, the

Prophet would say to him, (مرحبا بمن عاتبني فيه ربي ) ‘Greetings to

him on whose account God reproached me!’, and would lay down his cloak for him. (Tafseer Jalalayn 80:2)

So we learn from this Ayah that Allah is watching even the smallest of things that we do, He is aware of the subtleties in our actions. And He will take us to account for them.

Allah Honoring the Companions of His Messenger:

Allah comments on this situation because His Messenger is a role model in many things. One of those roles is being a leader. When people follow a loving leader, they are firm in following him. If he makes them feel unimportant - the group breaks down gradually as a whole.

It is possible that another of the weak companions might have seen this situation from afar and felt that Allah's Messenger is giving more attention to the Quraysh instead of the weak believer. So Allah would correct such doubts for that companion by showing that the believing companions of the Prophet are better and more worthy of receiving the attention, and that they are better in the sight of Allah than the elite disbelievers of Quraysh.

(Side note: The scholars do say however that a Muslim can give attention to a non Muslim who is asking about Islam, in preference to a Muslim who might always have access to receiving Islamic knowledge - since the non Muslim may never come back if he is left alone without answers. The non-Muslim may also be eager to learn.)

ال تعد عيناك عنهمDon't turn your eyes away from them. [al Kahf 18:28]

�فبما رحمة من الله لنت لهم ولو كنت فظا غليظ القلب النفضوا �من حولك اعف عنهم واستغفر لهم وشاورهم في األمر فإذا

لين ه يحب المتوك ه إن الل ل على الل �عزمت فتوكSo by mercy from Allah , [O Muhammad], you were lenient with them. And if you had been rude [in speech] and harsh in heart, they would have disbanded from about you.

So pardon them and ask forgiveness for them and consult them in the matter. And when you have decided, then rely upon Allah. Indeed, Allah loves those who rely [upon

Him]. [Aali Imraan 3:159]

So we see that Allah honors the companions and orders His Messenger to take care of them and be merciful to them and to pray for them, even though they err.

Keep in mind that Allah never says to His Messenger; O Muhammad! [Ya Muhammad!] out of honor for him whereas Ibn-al-Maktum was saying "Ya Muhammad" repeatedly.

And Allah's Messenger didn't even want to offend him by saying "Wait." He just had some slight bulges on his forehead due to the tense situation, and Allah is revealing Ayat about it in the Qur'an.

Questions:

1. Reflect on Allah chastising Bedouins for their manner of addressing the Messenger (S).

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Describe extremes when concerning the Prophet (S) and the Middle Path.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. No human can ever be perfect. The higher up you go on the scale, the higher what is expected of you becomes. Explain how the Prophet (S) was held to a very high standard in Surat Abasa. Reflect upon the level of expectations you should hold yourself to as the eldest students in the school.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Describe the situation which prompted the revelation of this Surah.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Think of a time when you thought you didn’t do anything wrong because you didn’t say or do anything, but when you look back, perhaps your body language wasn’t communicating respect.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. How will we be accountable even for facial gestures and body language?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Explain the verb “Abasa” and how it’s nothing major.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. How does Allah honor companions in this Surah?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. What are three lessons you can derive from these events?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Recitation Focus: Surat al-Kafirun

Mark the letters/vowels that you need to practice. Include the time you spend practicing in your Qur’an Log.

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

ها الكافرون قل يا أيال أعبد ما تعبدون

وال أنتم عابدون ما أعبدم وال أنا عابد ما عبدت

وال أنتم عابدون ما أعبدلكم دينكم ولي دين

Comments for Improvement: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________