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Spanish for beginners Course materials www.lh-nottingham.co.uk [email protected] Tel: 0115 896 3784 Mobile: 07580 454585 This booklet is also available online at: http://www.lh-nottingham.co.uk/course- materials Watch our video tutorials at: www.lh-nottingham.co.uk/spanish-video- tutorials You can access the audio files for the listening exercises at: www.lh-nottingham.co.uk/audio-files 1

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Spanish for beginners Course materials

www.lh-nottingham.co.uk [email protected]

Tel: 0115 896 3784 Mobile: 07580 454585This booklet is also available online at:

http://www.lh-nottingham.co.uk/course-materialsWatch our video tutorials at:

www.lh-nottingham.co.uk/spanish-video-tutorialsYou can access the audio files for the listening

exercises at:www.lh-nottingham.co.uk/audio-files

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Saying Hello and GoodbyeFormal Saludos DespedidasWhen used?Morning Buenos días. ¡Adiós!

Afternoon/Evening Buenas tardes. ¡Adiós!

Night Buenas noches. ¡Adiós!Buenas noches.

Informal

Used any time of day Hola. Chao. ¡Hasta luego!¡Hasta pronto!

Saludos - GreetingsSaluda a estas personas a estas horas:

Greet these people at these times:

formal informal

4pm9am11pm6pm11am9pm

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Despedidas – Saying farewellNow say farewell/goodbye/see you etc. to these people:

formal informal

4pm9am11pm6pm11am9pm

Useful expressions

SíYes

NoNo

Gracias./Muchas gracias.Thank you./Thank you very much.

No gracias.No thank you.

Por favor.Please.

Lo siento.I’m sorry.

De nada.You’re welcome./Don’t mention it.

Me da igual.I don’t mind. (it’s all the same to me)

No entiendo.I don’t understand.

¿Podrías/Podría repetir, por favor?Could you say that again, please?

¿Podrías/Podría hablar más despacio, por favor?Could you speak more slowly, please?

Podrías – informal

Podría – formal

Asking someone how they are?

Informal (tú) version

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Asking people how they are

A

¿Cómo estás? or ¿Qué tal?

_________________________________________________________

B

(Estoy) muy bien, gracias.

(Estoy) bien, gracias.

(Estoy) regular, gracias. ¿Y tú?

(Estoy) mal.

(Estoy) muy mal.

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Formal (usted) version

A

¿Cómo est á ? or ¿Qué tal?

_________________________________________________________

B

(Estoy) muy bien, gracias.

(Estoy) bien, gracias.

(Estoy) regular, gracias. ¿Y usted?

(Estoy) mal.

(Estoy) muy mal.

Meeting someone for the first time

Informal

Hola. ¿Cómo te llamas?

Me llamo Juan. ¿Y tú?

Me llamo Sara.

Encantado.

Encantada./Igualmente.

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Introducing people

InformalJuan, esta es Marta.Marta, este es Juan.

Encantado.

Encantada/Igualmente.

or

InformalJuan, te presento a Marta.Marta, te presento a Juan.

Encantado.

Encantada/Igualmente.

When somebody says Encantado/a it’s equivalent to saying Pleased to meet you in English. It literally means enchanted. It’s like saying delighted (to meet you).

If you’re a male you must always say encantado and if you’re a female you must always say encantada.

It’s the gender of the person saying it who determines which form to use, not the gender of the person they’re saying it to.

When someone says Encantado/a to you first you can say Encantado/a back to them or Igualmente. Igualmente (equally) is like saying likewise/me too.

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Asking someone their name, nationality and where they live.

InformalHola. ¿Cómo te llamas?

Me llamo Juan.

¿De dónde eres?

Soy español.

¿Dónde vives?

Vivo en Granada.

Now we’re going to look at saying these things in a formal manner.

You would use the formal version when speaking to someone considerably older than you, someone in authority or a stranger. The formal register is also used by staff in shops and restaurants when talking to customers.

Meeting someone for the first time

Formal

Buenos días. ¿Cómo se llama?

Me llamo Juan Pérez. ¿Y usted?

Me llamo Sara Gonzalez.

Mucho gusto.

Mucho gusto./Igualmente.

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Introducing people

FormalSeñor Perez, esta es la señora Gonzalez.Señora Gonzalez, este es el señor Perez.Mucho gusto.

Mucho gusto/Igualmente.

or

FormalSeñor Perez, le presento a la señora Gonzalez.Señora Gonzalez, le presento al señor Perez.Mucho gusto.

Mucho gusto/Igualmente.

When somebody says Mucho gusto it’s equivalent to saying Pleased to meet you in English but is more formal than encantado/a.

Mucho gusto is always the same regardless of gender.

When someone says Mucho gusto to you first you can say Mucho gusto back to them or Igualmente.

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Asking someone their name, nationality and where they live.

FormalBuenos días. ¿Cómo se llama (usted)?

Me llamo Juan.

¿De dónde es usted?

Soy español.

¿Dónde vive?

Vivo en Granada.

Actividad

In this activity, look at the table on the next page. You will see 8 famous people from different countries.

It doesn’t matter if you don’t know all of them. Their names and other relevant info for the activity are included.

One student chooses one of the people and pretends to be that person.

The other students take it in turns asking the 3 questions (using the informal tú form).

See the example below:

¿Cómo te llamas?

Me llamo Daniel Craig.

¿De dónde eres?

Soy ingl é s.

¿Dónde vives?

Vivo en Londres.

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nombre Daniel Craig

Cristiano Ronaldo Audrey Tautou Julio Iglesias

nacionalidad inglés portugués francesa españolciudad de residencia

Londres Turín París Miami

nombre Silvio Berlusconi

Gérard Dépardieu Penélope Cruz Angela Merkel

nacionalidad italiano francés española alemanaciudad de residencia

Milán Moscú Madrid Berlín

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Verbs you have already encounteredser(to be)

hablar(to speak)

llamarse(to be called)

vivir(to live)

yo soy hablo me llamo(literally I call myself X)

vivo

tú eres hablas te llamas vives

él/ella/usted

es habla se llama vive

nosotros/as somos hablamos nos llamamos vivimos

vosotros/as sois habláis os llamáis vivís

ellos/ellas/ustedes

son hablan se llaman viven

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Talking about people in the ‘él/ella’ form

Él se llama Javier Bardem.Es español. Vive en Madrid.Está casado (con Penélope Cruz).

Ella se llama Penélope Cruz.Es española.Vive en Madrid.Está casada (con Javier Bardem).

Estado civil (marital status)

masculino femininocasado casada marriedprometido prometida engageddivorciado divorciada divorcedseparado separada separatedsoltero soltera single (not in a

relationship)viudo viuda widowed

If you want to say you have a girlfriend/boyfriend you can say:

Tengo un novio/una novia.

If you prefer to say partner:

Tengo un pareja/una pareja.

Although the word pareja is the same for both male and female partner, the word that comes before it shows the gender:

un pareja – a male partner

una pareja – a female partner

el pareja – the male partner

la pareja – the female partner

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NacionalidadCan you guess what the adjectives below mean?

masc. fem.

inglés inglesafrancés francesaestadounidense estadounidensealemán alemanaespañol españolaitaliano italianaportugués portuguesa

If you look at the masculine forms:

When the word end in -o, change it to -a to make the feminine

When the word ends in a consonant, add an -a to make the feminine.

When the word ends in -e, the feminine is identical.

These rules apply for other adjectives, not just adjectives of nationality and marital status.

You’ll see more adjectives later in the course.

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Keycasado/a soltero/a

prometido/a divorciado/a

John Michel Miguel Angela Sarah Daniela

Birmingham Marsella Sevilla Berlín Los Ángeles Roma

Talk about the people in the table above. Each person take it in turn saying one sentence.

The first one has been done as an example:

Se llama John. Es inglés. Vive en Birmingham. Está soltero.

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Pronunciation guideVowelsletter Spanish word As ina padre mane tengo teni fin somewhere between fin

and meo foto somewhere between fog

and foeu gusto good

Sometimes two vowels are placed together.

ue bueno (bwenno)

ie bien (bi(y)en)

au trauma round

ei seis face

ai bailar ride

eu deuda pronounce letters separately (e + u)

oi/oy hoy boy

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ConsonantsWhen c is placed immediately before e or i it is lisped like th in think.

Otherwise it’s like an English k.

C

coche corazón Cuba

cerveza San Francisco cereales

ch

ch in Spanish is pronounced like we say cheese, China etc. in English:

China, chico, chica, muchacho, muchacha, mucho

z is always pronounced like a soft th:

Z

chorizo Zara

zumo Ibiza

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j has a soft sound like the ch in Loch Ness or how people from Liverpool pronounce the ck in chicken.

J

Julio Iglesias tarjeta roja naranja Javier

when g is placed before e or i it also has a soft sound like the ch in Loch Ness or how people from Liverpool pronounce the ck in chicken.

Otherwise g has a hard sound as in the English words golf, game, go etc.

G

gato Sergio García garaje golpe

gimnasio gigante general Gibraltar

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ll sounds like y. The Spanish word for yellow (amarillo) is pronounced amariyo.

LL

gue and gui sound like a hard g but gua sounds like gwa. Think of Paraguay, Uruguay.

GU

guerra guitara Guatemala Guantánamo

like in onion or minion

Ñ

qu sounds like an English k.

QU

tequila queso

h is silent.

HHola

hotel heladoR

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“r” in Spanish is rolled/trilled. Practice saying these words:

Roberto; Ricardo, Ramón, pero, perro, naranja

Letras y sonidos

Part 1

/k/ as in car, kilo etc. or /θ/ as in think, thirty etc.

Listen to the following words and write them in the corresponding column based on the sounds of the letters in bold.

- cero - camarero - cantar - cincuenta - Zaragoza- comida - cine - qué - cuenta - cinco- colección - quilo - zumo - zoo

/k/como casa

/θ/como pizarra

Part 2

/x/ as in Loch Ness, Juan

or

/g/ as is Gary

- gimnasio - jefe - Jiménez - general- jugar - gol - joven - gas- guerra - guitara - jamón - gusto

/x/como jamón

/g/como gato

Word stress

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Words ending in n, s or a vowel: the penultimate syllable is stressed.When this rule is not applied, an acute accent appears over the stressed syllable.

2 syllables

China café

Gales inglés

padre jamón

3 syllables

Irlanda médico

hermana Málaga

cantante Canadá

4 syllables

arquitecto mecánico

cocinero Pen é lope

Argentina teléfono

5 syllables

estudiante

empanadilla

Words ending in a consonant other than n or s: the last syllable is stressed. When this rule is not applied, an acute accent appears over the stressed syllable.

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Madrid portátil

profesor m ó vil

conductor azúcar

pintor Pérez

escritor Cádiz

Portugal Jérez

Brasil

favor

catedral

hotel

hospital

ciudad

capital

felicidad

The 5 ways of saying you in Spanish

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In English we only have one way of saying you. Whether you are speaking to one or more people it’s you. In certain parts of the UK (I’m thinking Liverpool, Glasgow, Belfast) you will hear the plural youze. In English we can also say, both of you, all of you, all three of you etc. so there are other ways that we can make ‘you’ plural.

In Spanish the word you use depends on whether you’re talking to one person or more and whether you’re being polite/formal or informal.

The different ways of saying you in Spanish.

Informal singular Formal singulartú ustedUsed when addressing:- Friends- Children- Classmates- Family- Pets- In general anyone who addresses you using tú.

Used when addressing:- Strangers.- People whom you wish to show respect.- An older person who you want to show respect (for example your friend's grandfather)- An honourable figure or an authority.- A public audience (using ustedes)

Informal plural (all male or mixed) Informal plural (all female)

Formal plural

vosotros vosotras ustedes

or

Create an indentity

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Hombres

nombre John | David | Peter | Robert | Michael

ciudad Birmingham | Manchester | Liverpool | Newcastle | Bristol

profesión camarero | bombero | profesor| médico | arquitecto

estado civil casado | divorciado | soltero

edad 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45

Mujeres

nombre Sarah | Jane | Carol | Lisa | Rebecca

ciudad Birmingham | Manchester | Liverpool | Newcastle | Bristol

profesión peluquera | profesora | abogada | médica | arquitecta

estado civil casada | divorciada | soltera

edad 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45

Numbers

0 cero

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1 uno 11 once2 dos 12 doce3 tres 13 trece4 cuatro 14 catorce5 cinco 15 quince6 seis 16 dieciséis7 siete 17 diecisiete8 ocho 18 dieciocho9 nueve 19 diecinueve10 diez

- ¿Cuántos años tiene Juan?- ¿Tiene once años.

With your partner, take turns asking the age of the children below.

Juan 11

María 12

Antonio 13

Sergio 14

Susana 15

Pablo 16

Carolina 17

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Roberto 18

Said 19

20 veinte21 veintiuno22 veintidós23 veintitrés24 veinticuatro25 veinticinco26 veintiséis30 treinta31 treinta y uno32 treinta y dos40 cuarenta41 cuarenta y uno42 cuarenta y dos50 cincuenta60 sesenta70 setenta80 ochenta90 noventa100 cien

Write these numbers in Spanish:

a) 36 –b) 24 –c) 91 –d) 23 –e) 87 –f) 65 –g) 77 –h) 58 –

100 cien

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200 doscientos/as

300 trescientos/as

400 cuatrocientos/as

500 quinientos/as

600 seiscientos/as

700 setecientos/as

800 ochocientos/as

900 novecientos/as

1000 mil

$200 – doscientos dólares

*libras (pounds) is feminine

200€ - doscientos euros *£200 – doscientas libras

trescientos hombres(300 men)

trescientas mujeres(300 women)

110 ciento diez

220 doscientos veinte

225 doscientos veinticinco

305 trescientos cinco

330 trescientos treinta

352 trescientos cincuenta y dos

444 cuatrocientos cuarenta y cuatro

555 quinientos cincuenta y cinco

Write these numbers in Spanish:

a) 148 -b) 765 -c) 987 -d) 342 -e) 555 -f) 446 -g) 960 -h) 223 –

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La distancia entre Madrid y….Say the distances from Madrid to these cities:

Barcelona está a quinientos cuatro kilómetros de Madrid.

Barcelona 504 kmValencia 302 kmSevilla 390 kmZaragoza 274kmMálaga 415 kmBilbao 322 kmAlicante 360 kmValladolid 162 kmLa Coruña 508 km

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Saying the date in Spanish

The first of May. – El uno de mayo. The 28th of June. – El veintiocho de junio.

When you say the day and date you lose the word “el” before the number.

Compare:

The second of April. – El dos de abril.

with

Saturday the second of April. – Sábado dos de abril.

Exercise

Write these dates in Spanish:

a) 25 December -b) 11 November -c) 16 May -d) 28 February -e) 9 April -

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Days Monthsdomingo Sunday enero January

lunes Monday febrero February

martes Tuesday marzo Marchmiércoles Wednesday abril April

jueves Thursday mayo May

viernes Friday junio June

sábado Saturday julio July

    agosto Augustseptiembre September

octubre October

noviembre November

diciembre December

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f) 15 September -g) 19 March -h) 1 January -i) 31 December -j) 20 October -

¿Qué hora es?

de la mañana in the morningde la tarde in the afternoon/in the eveningde la noche at night

12.00 – Es mediodía.

00.00 – Es medianoche.

6.00 Son las seis.6.05 Son las seis y cinco.6.10 Son las seis y diez.6.15 Son las seis y cuarto.6.20 Son las seis y veinte.6.25 Son las seis y veinticinco.6.30 Son las seis y media. 6.35 Son las siete menos veinticinco.6.40 Son las siete menos veinte.6.45 Son las siete menos cuarto.6.50 Son las siete menos diez.6.55 Son las siete menos cinco.7.00 Son las siete.

Write these times is Spanish. The first one has been done as an example;

a) 8.30 – Son las ocho y media.b) 4.20 –c) 7.15 – d) 5.40 –e) 2.25 –f) 3.30 –g) 9.45 –h) 10.55 –i) 6.05 –j) 8.10 –k) 4.35 –l) 9.30 –

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La familiael padre (father) la madre (mother)

el marido (husband) la mujer (wife)

el hijo (son) la hija (daughter)

el hermano (brother) la hermana (sister)

First we’re going to just look at the main family:

Homero = Marge

Bart Lisa Maggie

We want to describe the people in terms of their relationship to Homer.

For example:

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Bart is Homer’s son.

In Spanish, they don’t have ’s to indicate possession so they have to say:

Bart is the son of Homer.

Bart es el hijo de Homero.

Now complete these sentences.

Marge es __________________ de Homero.

Lisa es ______________________ de Homero.

Now we’re going to look at Maggie:

Homero es ______________________ de Maggie.

Marge es ________________________ de Maggie.

Bart es ________________________ de Maggie.

Lisa es ___________________________ de Maggie.

Here’s some more family vocab:

el tío (uncle) la tía (aunt)el primo (male cousin) la prima (female cousin)el sobrino (nephew) la sobrina (niece)el abuelo (grandfather) la abuela (grandmother)el nieto (grandson) la nieta (granddaughter)

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1. Bart es ________________________ de Herb.2. Herb es __________________________ de Lisa.3. Lisa es __________________________ de Ling.4. Abe es _______________________ de Maggie.5. Clancy es _____________________ de Ling.6. Bart es _____________________de Mona.7. Mona es _____________________ de Lisa.8. Patty es ______________________ de Bart.

Even more family vocab

It’s easy to say stepfather, stepmother, stepson etc. in Spanish. Take the words padre/madre/hijo/hija/hermano/hermana, remove the vowel at the end of the word then add -astro for males and -astra for females.

Stepfather, stepmother etc.

el padrastro la madrastrael hijastro la hijastra

el hermanastro la hermanastra

The ‘in-laws’ is more difficult as they are nothing like padre/madre/hijo/hija etc. Sorry, you’ll just have to learn them.

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In-laws

el suegro la suegrael yerno la nuerael cuñado la cuñada

mi/mis tu/tus su/sus

singular pluralmy mi hermano mis hermanosyour tu hermano tus hermanoshis/her/your (formal) su hermano sus hermanos

Este es Homero.1. Marge es su mujer.2. Bart es su _______________.3. Ling es su _______________.4. Lisa y Maggie son sus

_______________.

5. Patty y Selma son sus _______________.

6. Abe y Mona son sus _______________.

7. Clancy y Jacqueline son sus _______________.

8. Herb es su ________________.

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Esta es Lisa.1. Homero y Marge son sus padres.2. Bart es su _______________.3. Maggie es su _______________.4. Clancy y Jaqueline son sus

_______________ maternos.

5. Herb es su _______________.6. Ling es su _______________.7. Patty y Selma son sus

_______________.8. Abe y Mona son sus

_______________ paternos.

Countries and nationality adjectives

Country Masc. Fem.

Francia francés francesa

Italia italiano italiana

Polonia polaco polaca

España español española

Alemania alemán alemana

Portugal portugués portuguesa

Brasil brasileño brasileña

Rusia ruso rusa

Inglaterra inglés inglesa

Australia australiano australiana

Bélgica belga belga

Irlanda irlandés irlandesa

Escocia escocés escocesa

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Gales galés galesa

Los Estados Unidos

estadounidense estadounidense

Canadá canadiense canadiense

Holanda holandés holandesa

Suiza suizo suiza

México mexicano mexicanaColombia colombiano colombianaArgentina argentino argentinaChile chileno chilenaPerú peruano peruanaUruguay uruguayo uruguaya

Asking where people are from

For example:

¿De dónde es Gérard Dépardieu? (Where is Gérard Dépardieu from?)

Es francés. (He’s French.)

Ask your partner where some of these people are from? Take it in turns. Each person asks 5 times.

Gérard Dépardieu es francés.

Audrey Tautou es francesa.

Silvio Berlusconi es Sophia Loren es

Lech Wałęsa es Marie Curie era

Javier Bardem Penélope Cruz

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Jürgen Klopp Angela Merkel

Jose Mourinho Maria de Madeiros

Pelé Gisele Bündchen

Vladimir Putin Maria Sharapova

David Bowie era La reina Isabel

Mel Gibson Nicole Kidman

Hercule Poirot Kim Clijsters

Graham Norton Sinead O’Connor

Frankie Boyle Nicola Sturgeon

Tom Jones Catherine Zeta Jones

Barack Obama Madonna

Leonard Cohen era Céline Dion

Johann Cruyff era Famke Janssen

Sepp Blatter Ursula Andress

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GramáticaVerbos VerbsAn important verb to learn. It is used to talk about who you are, what you do, and where you are from.

Ser to be

(yo) soy I am

(tú) eres you are

(él/ella/usted) es he/she/it is, you (formal) are

(nosotros/as) somos we are

(vosotros/as) sois you are

(ellos/ellas/ustedes) son they, you (formal) are

Tener to have

(yo) tengo I have

(tú) tienes you have

(él/ella/usted) tiene he/she/it has, you (formal) have

Llamarse to be called

(yo) me llamo I am called

(tú) te llamas you are called

(él/ella/usted) se llama he/she/it is called, you (formal) are called

The verb llamar on its own means ‘to call’, but when you add se it means ‘to be called’, so it’s used for names.

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Pronombres personales (sujeto) Personal pronouns (subject)

yo I

tú you

él he

ella she

usted you (formal)

nosotros/as we

vosotros/as you (plural)

ellos/ellas they

ustedes you (formal)

These go before the verb as in English but are not often used in normal conversation apart from for emphasis.

A: Soy de Barcelona. A: I’m from Barcelona.

B: ¿Ah sí? Yo soy de Barcelona también. B: Oh yes? I’m from Barcelona too.

Masculino y femenino Masculine and feminineMost masculine nouns end in -o: libro

Most feminine nouns end in -a: casa

But many have different endings. For example:

tarde is feminine

noche is feminine

For people and animals, nouns ending in -o for masculine change to -a for feminine:

camarero – camarera

gato – gata

But nouns ending in a vowel other than -o don’t change:

recepcionista (m/f)

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estudiante (m/f)

Nouns ending in a consonant add -a at the end of the masculine form.

profesor/profesora

señor/señora

El artículo definido The definite articleWhereas the definite article in English is one word for everything (‘the’), in Spanish it changes depending on the gender and the number of the noun it refers to.

el hijo the son los hijos the sons/children

la hija the daughter las hijas the daughters

Adjetivos posesivos Possessive adjectivesThese are used to talk about who things belong to and are the same as ‘my’, ‘your’, ‘his’, ‘her’ in English. Note that they change in the plural.

mi/mis my

mi hermano/mis hermanos my brother/my brothers (and sisters)

tu padre/tus padres your father/your parents

su hermana/sus hermanas his/her sister/his/her sisters

‘de’ posesivo Possessive ‘de’In Spanish, instead of saying ‘Ana’s father’, you say ‘the father of Ana’.

El padre de Ana Ana’s father

Plurales PluralsWords ending in a vowel add -s at the end of the word to form the plural:

recepcionista recepcionistas

Words ending in a consonant add -es in the plural:

profesor profesores

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VocabularioNombres y saludos Names and greetingsHola! Hello!

Adiós Goodbye

Buenos días Good morning

Buenas tardes Good afternoon/Good evening

Buenas noches Good night

¿Cómo te llamas? What’s your name? (informal)

¿Cómo se llama (usted)? What’s your name? (formal)

¿Cómo se llama? What’s his/her name?

Me llamo… My name is…

Mucho gusto Pleased to meet you (lit.: Great pleasure)

¿Qué tal? How are you?

¿Y tú? And you?

Este (m)/esta (f) this

Títulos Titlesel señor Mr

la señora Mrs/Ms

la señorita Miss

señor (Sr.) sir

señora (Sra.) madam/Mrs

señorita (Srta.) miss

Países y nacionalidades Countries and nationalitiesAlemania Germany

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Argentina Argentina

Brasil Brazil

China China

Colombia Columbia

Corea Korea

Escocia Scotland

España Spain

Francia France

Gales Wales

Holanda Holland

Inglaterra England

Irlanda Ireland

Italia Italy

Japón Japan

México Mexico

Portugal Portugal

Rumanía Romania

alemán/alemana German

americano/americana American

argentino/argentina Argentinian

brasileño/brasileña Brazilian

británico/británica British

chino/china Chinese

colombiano/colombiana Columbian

coreano/coreana Korean

escocés/escocesa Scottish

español/española Spanish

francés/francesa French

galés/galesa Welsh

holandés/holandesa Dutch

inglés/inglesa English

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irlandés/irlandesa Irish

italiano/italiana Italian

japonés/japonesa Japanese

mexicano/mexicana Mexican

norteamericano/norteamericana North American

portugués/portuguesa Portuguese

rumano/rumana Romanian

La familia The familyhermano brother

hermanos brothers (and sisters)

hermana sister

hijo son

hija daughter

hijos children

madre mother

marido husband

mujer wife (woman)

padre father

padres parents

tener to have

Palabras útiles Useful wordscuál which

de of

de dónde where from

dónde where

qué what

quién who

tú you (informal)

usted you (formal)

y and

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Ordering food and drink in bars and restaurants¿Qué quieres tomar?

Write the foods and drinks under the correct pictures.

Comidas

ensalada patatas fritas queso emapanadillas pollo sopaolivas jamón sardinas pan calamares paella

Bebidas

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vino blanco vino tinto café con leche agua mineral cortadoté café solo cerveza zumo de naranja

En el bar

Pasos 1 – CD1 – track 20

Virginia en un bar

Escucha el diálogo y contesta las preguntas.

Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions.

1. What does Virginia order to start with?2. What does she say when she orders?3. What does the waiter ask her next?

Virginia HolaCamarero Hola. ¿Qué quiere tomar?Virginia Quiero un café, por favor.Camarero ¿Café solo o café con leche?Virginia Café con leche por favor,Camarero ¿Algo más?Virginia ¿Hay tapas?Camarero Sí. Hay olivas, patatas fritas, empanadillas, jamón, queso….Virginia ¿Hay tortilla de patata?Camarero Sí, hay.Virginia Bueno, pues……tortilla de patata.Camarero ¿Algo más?Virginia No, nada más. ¿Cuánto es?Camarero Cinco euros.

Conjugation of the verb querer (to want)

yo quierotú quieresél/ella/usted quierenosotros/as queremosvosotros/as queréisellos/ellas/ustedes quieren

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Quiero un café con leche.

Quiero una cerveza.

When saying what we want we can say:

masculino femininoQuiero café.orQuiero un café.

Quiero cerveza.orQuiero una cerveza.

We can use un/una.

Sometimes you’re asking for something which is plural so we don’t use un/una:

Quiero olivas.

Quiero calamares.

Other things which can never be plural (queso, paella) you would say:

Quiero queso.

Quiero paella.

Sometimes we can use ‘una ración de’ meaning ‘a portion of’ so we can say:

Quiero olivas.

Quiero queso.

or

Quiero una ración de olivas.

Quiero una ración de queso.

When you ask your friend(s) at the table with you what they want you’d use the informal (tú/vosotros/as) forms of querer:

talking to one person talking to 2 or more people¿Qué quieres? ¿Qué queréis?

¿Quieres vino? ¿Queréis vino?

However, when the waiter/waitress (camarero/a) asks you what you want they will use the formal (usted/ustedes) versions of the verb.

When talking to one customer:

¿Qué quiere tomar/comer/beber? (What do you want to have/eat/drink?)

When talking to two or more customers:

¿Qué quieren tomar/comer/beber?

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Take it in turns asking your partner if they want the following items in the pictures below. Your partner will answer either ‘Sí, por favor.’ or ‘No, gracias.’. The first one has been done as an example.

- ¿Quieres un café con leche?- Sí, por favor.

- ¿Quieres una cerveza?- No, gracias.

una cerveza un café con leche un whisky un vino blanco

un zumo de naranja

una tónica un agua mineral un té

¿Quieres un café con leche o un cortado?

Take it in turns asking your partner which of the two items they want. The first one has been done as an example.

- ¿Quieres un café con leche o un cortado?- Quiero un cortado.

1

un café con leche un cortado

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2

un vino blanco un vino tinto

3

un agua mineral con gas un agua mineral sin gas

4

un zumo de naranja un zumo de manzana

5

un té con leche un té con limón

6

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una cerveza un whiskyThe 12 items below are listed on the menu but only 6 of them are still available.

calamares atún tortilla bocadillos

queso chorizo jamón empanadilla

patatas fritas ensalada croquetas pollo

Student A

Randomly cross out 6 of the above items and your partner will ask you what is available as in the examples below.

Student B

Ask your partner if the items above are available as in the examples below.

When you have finished, swap roles.

- ¿Hay chorizo?- Sí, hay chorizo.

- ¿Hay patatas fritas?- No, no hay patatas fritas.

Hay……..¿Hay…..? ¿Qué hay?

There is/There are…………. Is there/Are there…….? What is there?

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MENÚ DEL DÍA

Primer plato Postre

Ensalada mixta Helado

Sopa Fruta del tiempo

Macarrones FlanSegundo plato Bebidas

Pollo con ensalada Agua mineral (con/sin gas)

Pescado Vino (tinto/blanco)

Carne con patatas fritas Cerveza

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Café (solo, cortado, con leche)

primer plato – starter

segundo plato/plato principal – main course

Completa el diálogo con las palabras del cuadro. Después, escucha y comprueba.

Complete the dialogue with the words from the box. Then listen and check.

Pasos 1 – CD1 – Track 27

vino usted quieren quiero postreprimer ensalada cuenta por favor leche

Camarero Hola, Buenos días. ¿Qué _______________ comer?Cliente 1 El menú del día, por favor, para los dos.Camarero ¿Qué quieren de _________________ plato?Cliente 1 Para mí, sopa.Cliente 2 Yo _____________ ensalada.Camarero Muy bien. ¿Y de segundo plato?Cliente 2 Quiero carne con patatas fritas.Camarero ¿Y para ____________ señora?Cliente 1 Para mí, pollo con ____________________.Camarero ¿Qué quieren beber?Cliente 1 ___________________ de la casa, por favor.Camarero ¿Blanco o tinto?Cliente 1 Tinto. Y agua con gas.Camarero ¿De postre?Cliente 1 Yo, helado.Cliente 2 Yo, fruta, melón, _____________________.Camarero ¿Quieren café?Cliente 1 Sí, un café con ____________ y un cortado. ¿Tiene

azúcar?Camarero Si, aquí tiene.Cliente 1 La _________________ por favor.

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Look at the menu below and the dialogue on the next page:

MENÚ DEL DÍAPrimer platoEnsalada mixtaSopaMacarronesAceitunasCroquetas

Segundo platoPollo con ensaladaPescadoCarne con patatas fritasPaella SalchichasTortilla de patatas

PostreCrema CatalanaTarta de SantiagoMerengueArroz con lecheHeladoFruta del tiempoFlanChurros con chocolate

BebidasAgua mineral con gasAgua mineral sin gasZumo de naranjaZumo de manzanaVino tintoVino blancoVino rosadoCervezaCafé soloCafé cortado

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Café con lecheTé

At the restaurantPráctica

Unfortunately you’re Billy no-mates and you’ve got ‘una mesa para una persona’.

With your partner, do the role play. Take it in turns being camarero/a and cliente.

Before starting, choose a starter, main, drink, dessert and coffee/tea from the menu on the previous page.

Hola. ¿Qué quiere de primero?

tú Quiero ___________, por favor.

Muy bien. ¿Y de segundo?

tú _______________

¿Qué quiere beber?

tú Quiero _________________.

¿De postre?

tú _______________________

¿Quiere café?

tú Sí, por favor, ___________./ No, gracias.

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¿Quiere algo más?

No gracias, nada más.

¿Me trae la cuenta por favor?

Ordering food and drink in a bar (Summary)Hola. ¿Qué quiere tomar?

Quiero un zumo de naranja.

¿Algo más?

¿Qué tapas hay?

Hay olivas, jamón, chorizo, queso, sardinas….

Quiero una ración de olivas, por favor.

¿Algo más?

¿Qué bocadillos hay?

Tenemos bocadillos de jamón, de queso, de atún y de calamares.

Bueno….un bocadillo de calamares, por favor.

¿Quiere algo más?

No gracias, nada más. ¿Cuánto es?

Diez euros.

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En el restaurante

Camarero/a Cliente

Hola, buenos días. ¿Qué quiere/n comer?

El menú del día, por favor.

¿Qué quiere/n de primer plato? Quiero ………………..

Or

Para mí, …………………

Yo,………………………

…………., por favor.

¿Y de segundo plato? Quiero/Para mí …………………….

¿Qué quiere/n beber? …………………., por favor.

¿De postre? Quiero/Para mí……………………

¿Quiere/n café? Sí, un…………….

¿Algo más? No, nada más, gracias.La cuenta, por favor.

When the waiter/waitress asks you what you want there are a number of ways of answering and it’s best to vary the way you answer to avoid being repetitive.

Camarero/a¿Qué quiere/n comer?

Cliente(Yo) quiero calamares.Para mí, calamares.Yo, calamares.Calamares, por favor.

You can only use Para mí and Yo,……. when there is more than one customer, (when you aren’t alone).

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When you just say:

Calamares, por favor.

It can sound a little blunt so you need the por favor to make it sound gentler.

Other foods

Carnes

cordero – lamb

carne de vaca – beef (literally meat of cow)

bistec – steak

cerdo – pork (literally pig)

ternera - veal

Carne de ave – poultry (literally bird meat)

pavo – turkey

pato – duck

ganso – goose

paloma – pigeon

Mariscos - Seafood

bacalao – cod

merluza – hake

gambas – prawns

mejillones – mussels

langosta – lobster

cangrejo - crab

Verduras - greens

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garbanzos - chickpeas

zanahoria - carrot

guisantes - peas

coliflor - cauliflower

lechuga - lettuce

tomate - tomato

cebolla - onion

col - cabbage

champiñones - mushrooms

ajo - garlic

Frutas

fresa - strawberry

frambuesas - raspberries

melocotón - peach

pera - pear

uvas - grapes

Other

sal - salt

pimiento - pepper

vinagre - vinegar

salsa - sauce

caldo – broth/stock

guisado – stew/casserole

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GramáticaVerbos VerbsThere are three types of infinitive verb endings: - ar (trabajar = to work); - er (comer = to eat); - ir (vivir = to live). You will look at these in more detail in Lesson 5.

Here are two examples of – er and – ir verbs:

Querer to want

(yo) quiero I want

(tú) quieres you want

(él/ella/usted) quiere he/she/it wants, you (formal) want

(nosotros/as) queremos we want

(vosotros/as) queréis you (plural) want

(ellos/ellas/ustedes) quieren they want, you (formal) want

Vivir to live

(yo) vivo I live

(tú) vives you live

(él/ella/usted) vive he/she/it lives, you (formal) live

(nosotros/as) vivimos we live

(vosotros/as) vivís you (plural) live

(ellos/ellas/ustedes) viven they live, you (formal) live

Note that the verb querer is used to say ‘I’d like’, ‘What would you like?’, etc.

Quiero una tónica. I’d like a tonic.

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¿(Tú) quieres un té? Would you like a tea?

¿(Usted) quiere un café? Would you like a coffee?

Vivo en Londres. I live in London

¿Dónde vives? Where do you live?

¿Dónde vive (usted)? Where do you live?

El artículo indefinido The indefinite article

un/una/unos/unas

You saw examples of the definite article ‘the’ (el/la/los/las) in Lesson 1. Here are examples of the indefinite article ‘a’ or ‘an’. Note that in the plural form, the indefinite article can be used for ‘some’.

un/una a un bocadillo a sandwich

una tónica a tonic

unos/unas some unos bocadillos some sandwiches

unas tónicas some tonics

In some instances, the article can be omitted in the plural but it is still translated as ‘some’.

Quiero bocadillos. I’d like some sandwiches.

Note what happens to the meaning when the article is dropped in the singular:

Quiero una cerveza. I’d like a beer.

Quiero cerveza. I’d like beer.

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Hay there is / there areHay is the only form of the verb haber used as an independent form in Spanish. It means ‘there is’ or ‘there are’ and is also easy to use as a question word or as a negative:

Hay café. There’s coffee.

Hay bocadillos. There are sandwiches.

¿Hay café? Is there (any) coffee?

No hay bocadillos. There aren’t (any) sandwiches.

NoRemember that in Spanish it is very simple to make a negative. Simply add no before the verb:

No quiero café. I don’t want (any) coffee.

No tengo café. I don’t have (any) coffee.

DeThis word has many meanings; here, it is used to describe a type of something:

un bocadillo de jamón a ham sandwich (lit. ‘a sandwich of ham’)

un zumo de naranja an orange juice (lit. ‘a juice of orange’)

Verbotener to have (used to say your age)

This verb is used to say what you have (e.g. Tengo dos hermanos), but can also be used to ask and say someone’s age.

¿Cuántos años tienes? How old are you? (lit. ‘How many years do you have?’)

Tengo 20 años. I am 20. (lit. ‘I have 20 years.’)

VocabularioEn el bar In the baragua (f) (mineral) (con/sin gas) (sparkling/non-sparkling) (mineral) water

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azúcar (m) sugar

bebidas drinks

café (m) con leche white coffee

café (m) solo black coffee

calamares (m pl) squid

cerveza beer

cortado coffee with a dash of milk

empanadilla small meat/tuna pasty

jamón (m) ham

olivas/aceitunas olives

pan (m) bread

patata potato

patatas fritas (m pl) crisps/chips

queso cheese

ración (f) portion

refresco fizzy drink

sardina sardine

tapas bar snacks

té (m) tea

tortilla (de patata) (potato) omelette

vino (blanco/rosado/tinto) (White/rosé/red) wine

zumo (de naranja/manzana) (orange/apple) juice

¿Algo más? Anything else?

¿Cuánto es? How much is it?

¿Hay…? Is there…/Are there…?

¿Qué hay? What is there?/ What have you got?

¿Qué quiere (tomar)? What do you want (to have)?

gracias thanks

hay there is/there are

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nada más nothing else

no hay there isn’t/there aren’t

por favor please

pues well/in that case

quiero I want/I’d like

tomar to have (eat, drink)

En el restaurante In the restaurantbueno/buena good

con (patatas fritas) with (chips)

cuenta bill

ensalada (mixta) (mixed) salad

es bueno. It’s good.

flan crème caramel

fruta (del tiempo) (fresh) fruit

helado ice-cream

macarrones (m pl) macaroni

para mí for me

pescado fish

pollo chicken

postre (m) dessert

primer plato starter

segundo plato main course

sopa soup

Salud! Cheers!

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Describing someone’s physical appearance

masc. fem. masc. fem.

alto altaviejo vieja

bajo bajajoven _

gordo gorda guapo guapa

delgado delgada feo fea

Describe some male and female family members using the adjectives above. Try to use two or three adjectives to describe each person.

Mi amigo Juan es alto, delgado y guapo.

You could also describe famous people.

Ejemplo

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Meghan Markle es guapa y delgada.

Adjectives to describe a person’s personality/characterCan you guess the meaning of most of the adjectives below?

Describe more people you know using the adjectives above. You could also describe famous people.

Ejemplo

Stephen Fry es inteligente, interesante y gracioso.

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masc feminteligente inteligente

interesante interesante

gracioso graciosa funny

simpáticoamable

simpáticaamable

nice/friendly

antipático antipática unfriendly

trabajador trabajadora

perezoso perezosa lazy

aburrido aburrida boring

creativo creativa

talentoso talentosa

elegante elegante

egoísta egoísta selfish/egotistical

hablador habladora

tímido tímida

modesto modesta

arrogante arrogante

vanidoso vanidosa

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¿Quién eres?Choose one of the 16 celebrities on the next page. The others ask questions to determine your identity.

Ejemplo

- ¿Eres actor o cantante?- Soy actor.- ¿Eres inglés or estadounidense?- Soy estadounidense.- ¿Eres joven o viejo?- Soy viejo.- ¿Tienes 81 años?- No.- En ese caso, eres Robert de Niro.

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Actores

Robert de Niro Jack Nicholson Jonah Hill Channing Tatum

actor actor actor actorestadounidense estadounidense estadounidense estadounidense

75 81 34 38

Ian McKellen Michael Caine Daniel Radcliffe Eddie Redmayneactor actor actor actoringlés inglés inglés inglés79 85 29 36

Cantantes

Tony Bennett Stevie Wonder Travis Scott DJ Snake

cantante cantante cantante cantante

estadounidense estadounidense estadounidense estadounidense

92 68 26 32

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Mick Jagger Roger Daltrey Stormzy Jake Bugg

cantante cantante cantante cantante

inglés inglés inglés inglés

75 74 25 24

Cantantes

Barbara Streisand Liza Minnelli Taylor Swift Lady Gagacantante cantante cantante cantanteestadounidense estadounidense estadounidense estadounidense76 72 29 32

Marianne Faithfull Vera Lynne Adele Ellie Gouldingcantante cantante cantante cantanteinglesa inglesa inglesa inglesa71 101 30 31

Actrices

Maryl Streep Sissy Spacek Jennifer Lawrence Scarlett Johansson

actriz actriz actriz actriz

estadounidense estadounidense estadounidense estadounidense

69 68 28 34

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Judi Dench Vanessa Redgrave Emma Watson Keira Knightly

actriz actriz actriz actriz

inglesa inglesa inglesa inglesa

84 81 28 33

El trabajo y las profesiones – Work and JobsThere are two verbs meaning “to be” in Spanish – ser and estar

When talking about what someone’s profession is, always use ser.

Soy profesor. (I’m a teacher.)

Él es médico. (He’s a doctor.)

Ellas son peluqueras. (They are hairdressers)

Nosotros somos bomberos. (We are firefighters)

¿Tú eres contable? (Are you an accountant?)

Conjugation of serSingular Pluralyo soy nosotros/as somos

tú eres vosotros/as sois

él/ella/usted es ellos/ellas/ustedes son

Ways of asking someone what they do for a livinginformal (tú) formal (usted)¿A qué te dedicas? ¿A qué se dedica?¿En qué trabajas (tú)? ¿En qué trabaja (usted)?¿Cuál es tu trabajo?) ¿Cuál es su trabajo?)

When you say what you do you can say:

Soy arquitecto. (I’m an architect.)

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or

Trabajo de arquitecto. (I work as an architect.)

The word for “a” (un/una) is omitted before the word for a job or profession:

Juan es u n carpintero. (incorrect)

Juan es carpintero. (correct)

María es una ingeniera. (incorrect)

María es ingeniera. (correct)

The masculine and feminine of jobs in SpanishMany words for jobs in Spanish have a masculine and feminine form.

1. When the masculine word ends in -o, change it to -a to form the corresponding feminine version:

masculino femeninoarquitecto arquitecta

2. When the masculine word ends in a consonant, add an -a to form the corresponding feminine version:

masculino femeninoprofesor profesora

3. When the masculine word ends in -e, the corresponding feminine version is the same as the masculine:

masculino femeninocantante cantante

4. When the masculine word ends in -a, the corresponding feminine version is the same as the masculine. Many jobs in Spanish end -ista:

masculino femeninodentista dentista

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Coloca las profesiones en grupos.Put the jobs in groups.

¿Que significan?

What do they mean?

-o/a -or(a) -e -istacamarero/a profesor(a) estudiante recepcionista

taxistaarquitecto/adeportistapintor(a)conductor(a)representantedirector(a)médico/aescritor(a)cocinero/apeluquero/a

carpintero/aelectricistaingeniero/acantanteperiodistavendedor(a)fontanero/aoficinistaadministrativo/aenfermero/a

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Susana Paula Sergio

Roberto Jorge Raúl

David Yolanda Pedro

masculino feminino

abogado abogadapeluquero peluqueracocinero cocinerafontanero fontaneraenfermero enfermeraprofesor profesoraperiodista -taxista -electricista -

Ask your partner what each of the people above does for a living:

Ejemplo

- ¿A qué se dedica Susana? or ¿En qué trabaja Susana?

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- Es periodista.

Where people worktrabajar – to work

yo trabajotú trabajasél/ella/usted trabajanosotros/as trabajamosvosotros/as trabajáisellos/ellas/ustedes trabajan

You can now say what people do and where they work:

- ¿A qué se dedica Yolanda?- Es profesora.- ¿Dónde trabaja?- Trabaja en una escuela.

¿Te gusta tu trabajo? (Do you like your job?)In Spanish there isn’t a verb meaning ‘like’. Instead, the verb gustar (to please) is used.

Me gusta Me gustanMe gusta Madrid. Me gustan Madrid y Barcelona.Me gusta Juan. Me gustan Juan y Carlos.Me gusta esta novela. Me gustan las novelas de Agatha Christie,

Madrid pleases me. Madrid and Barcelona please me.

¿Te gusta tu trabajo? Do you like your job?

Sí, me gusta.

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en una oficinauna fábrica (factory)una tienda (shop)un restauranteun hospitaluna escuela/un colegiouna peluqueríaun baruna farmaciaun bancoun laboratoriouna biblioteca

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No, no me gusta.

Saying you like something

Me gusta. I like itMe gusta mucho. I like it a lotMe gusta muchísimo. I like it loadsMe encanta. I love it

Saying you don’t like something

No me gusta. I don’t like itNo me gusta para nada./No me gusta en absoluto, I don’t like it at all

Describing your job

Es un trabajo fácildificildesafianteaburridodivertidovariadogratificanteagradablemonótonopeligroso

easydifficultchallengingboringfunvariedrewardingpleasantmonotonousdangerous

You can use the adjectives above to describe why you like or don’t like your job.

Imagine what the people on page 6 say about their jobs.

Ejemplo

Susana – periodista

Me llamo Susana.

Soy periodista.

Me encanta mi trabajo.

Es un trabajo creative y interesante.

Now imagine you are the other people and make sentences for them as in the example above.

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More jobsWhat do these people say about their jobs?

Ejemplo

¿A qué te dedicas?

Soy professor.

¿Te gusta tu trabajo?

Sí, me gusta mucho porque es un trabajo desafiante y gratificante.

porque - because

profesor/a camarero/a

enfermero/a(nurse)

abogado/a

médico/a dependiente(shop assistant)

estudiante contable(accountant)

With your partner, create similar dialogues for the jobs below.

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VocabularioProfesiones Professionsarquitecto/arquitecta architect

camarero/camarera waiter/waitress

cantante singer

carpintero/carpintera carpenter

conductor/conductora driver

deportista sportsman/sportswoman

director/directora director

electricista electrician

escritor/escritora writer

estudiante student

fontanero/fontanera plumber

ingeniero/ingeniera engineer

mecánico (m/f) mechanic

médico/médica doctor

oficinista office worker

periodista journalist

pintor/pintora painter

policía police officer

profesor/profesora teacher

recepcionista receptionist

representante representative

taxista taxi driver

vendedor/vendedora sales assistant

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Direcciones - Directions

Go straight on

Sigue todo recto.

Sigue – Carry on/Continue

You can omit the verb and just say:

Todo recto…..

a la izquierda - on the left

a la derecha - on the right

Sometimes you might want to find a certain building and it’s in the same street.

Sigue todo recto y la piscina está a la izquierda.

Sigue todo recto y el cine está a la derecha.

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Go straight on and take the first/second/third…. on the left/right.

Sigue todo recto y toma…

la primera a la izquierda. la primera a la derecha.

la segunda a la izquierda. la segunda a la derecha.

la tercera a la izquierda. la tercera a la derecha.

la cuarta a la izquierda. la cuarta a la derecha.

la quinta a la izquierda. la quinta a la derecha.

You don’t need to say calle. For example you can say:

Toma la segunda calle a la derecha.

(Take the second road on the right.) or

Toma la segunda a la derecha.

(Take the second on the right.)

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With your partner, practice giving directions for A to E below.

A has been done as an example.

Sigue todo recto y toma la tercera a la derecha.

A B C

D E F

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Sometimes you might be looking for a certain street rather than a building.

Ejemplo

- ¿Dónde está la Calle Valencia.- Sigue todo recto. La Calle Mendoza es la segunda (calle) a la izquierda.

With your partner take it in turns asking where the other streets are.

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More directions

Al semáforo gira a la derecha.

Sigue todo recto al final de la calle y la farmacia está a la derecha.

When giving directions and saying take the first/second/third etc. it’s unlikely you’ll need more than 5th (la quinta). You’re not likely to know that it’s the 25th on the left. If the road the person needs is a long way away and you aren’t sure how many roads they need to go past before turning you can say something like.

Sigue todo recto un kilometro/5 minutos y toma la primera calle a la izquierda.

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Sigue todo recto al final de la calle.

(to the end of the road)

Al final de la calle gira a la derecha.

gira - turn

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If there’s more than one turning, follow the template below:

Now give the directions for the 4 illustrations below.

1

2

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Sigue todo recto y toma la primerasegundatercera

a la izquierda,derecha,

luego toma la primerasegundatercera

a la izquierda.derecha.

Sigue todo recto y toma la primerasegundatercera

a la izquierdaderecha

y el cine está a la izquierda.derecha.

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3

4

¿Dónde está…………………………..?

Refer to the first map at the bottom of the following page and complete the directions below to get to the following places:

1 = el banco2 = la biblioteca3 = la piscina4 = el cine

You need to write primera/segunda/tercera/cuarta etc. or izquierda/derecha in the gaps.

1. ¿Dónde está el banco?

Sigue todo recto y toma la ______________ calle a la ______________, luego la ______________ a la ______________. Continua todo recto y toma la ______________ a la ______________ y el banco está a la ______________.

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2. ¿Dónde está la biblioteca?

Sigue todo recto y toma la ______________ calle a la ______________, luego la ______________ a la ______________ y la biblioteca está a la ______________.

3. ¿Dónde está la piscina?

Sigue todo recto y toma la ______________ calle a la ______________. Continua todo recto al final de la calle y la biblioteca está a la ______________.

4. ¿Dónde está el cine?

Sigue todo recto y toma la ______________ calle a la ______________ y el cine está a la ______________.

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¿Dónde está el restaurante?On the map below are the locations of 8 restaurants.

Listen to your teacher giving directions for one of them. Follow the directions and then say which number your teacher chose.

Now your turn.

Choose one of the 7 remaining locations and give directions to reach it. Your classmates should then be able to tell you the number you chose.

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Preposicionesla pelota - the ball la caja – the box

La pelota está en la caja.

La pelota está sobre la caja.

La pelota está debajo de la caja.

La pelota está al lado de la caja.al lado de – next to (literally ‘at the side of’)

La pelota está detrás de la caja.

La pelota está delante de la caja.

La pelota está entre dos cajas.

The prepositions cerca, lejos, al lado, delante, detrás, por encima, debajo, enfrente can be used with or without de.

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El restaurante está cerca. El restaurante está cerca de la piscina.

El cine está al lado. El cine está al lado de la comisaria.

El hospital está enfrente. El hospital está enfrente de la escuela.

When saying what something is next to, in front of, behind, near to etc. use de.

When the second place or object is masculine (el cine, el restaurante, el banco etc.)

de + el = del

el perro – the dog el árbol – the tree

El perro está en el árbol.

El perro está al lado del árbol.

El perro está delante del árbol.

El perro está detrás del árbol.

El perro está entre dos árboles.

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Los Cuatro Fabulosos

por encima de - above

Ringo está entre George y John.Paul está delante de John.John está detrás de Paul.George, Ringo y John están por encima de Paul.Paul está debajo de George, Ringo y John.George está al lado de Ringo.Ringo está a la derecha de George.Ringo está a la izquierda de John.John, Paul, George y Ringo están en la foto.

Los Rolling StonesNow describe where the various members of this famous English group are in the photo in relation to each other. Take it in turns asking your partner.

Ejemplo

¿Dónde está Charlie?

Está al lado de Mick y Keith.

Está a la derecha de Mick y Keith.

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enfrente de – opposite/facing

El gato está en la esquina.(in the corner)

El gato está al lado del perro.

El gato está sobre la mesa.El perro está debajo de la mesa.

El gato está enfrente del perro.

El perro está delante del gato.El gato está detrás del perro.

El gato está entre dos perros.

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En la ciudadTake it in turns asking your partner:

- ¿Dónde está el/la _______?- El/La _______ está al lado de/enfrente de/entre etc.

Ejemplo:

- ¿Dónde está el restaurante?- El restaurant está al lado del cine.

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- ¿Dónde está Madrid?- Madrid está en el centro de España?

With your partner take it in turn asking where the other cities are.

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- ¿Dónde está Toledo?- Está en el centro de España, cerca de Madrid.

With your partner, take it un turns asking where Marbella, Pontevedra, Bilbao, Tarragona and Castellón are.

As in the example above for Toledo, say which part of Spain the city is in and the larger city it’s near to.

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GramáticaVerbo Verb

Estar to be (in a place)Use this form of the verb ‘to be’ to talk about where you are or where something is located.

(yo) estoy I am

(tú) estás you are

(él/ella/usted) está he/she/it is, you (formal) are

Estoy en Barcelona. I’m in Barcelona.

¿Dónde estás? Where are you?

Juan está en España. Juan is in Spain.

Preposición a Preposition a¿A cuántos kilómetros How many kilometres away

está Terrassa? is Terrassa?

Está a treinta kilómetros. It’s thirty kilometres away.

Preposiciones y Prepositions and

expresiones de lugar expressions of placeal lado de next to

delante de in front of

detrás de behind

en in, on

enfrente de opposite

entre between

sobre on top of, above

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Note that some of these prepositions use de and others do not.

La parada está delante The bus stop is in front

de la casa. of the house.

La tienda está en la The shop is on the

esquina. corner.

Note that a + el = al; de +el = del

El banco está al lado del cine. The bank is next to the cinema.

Adverbios de lugar Adverbs of placecerca (de) near (to)

lejos (de) a long way (from)

Adverbios de cantidad Adverbs of quantitymuy very

bastante quite

Mi casa está bastante lejos My house is quite a long way

del centro. from the centre.

Vocabulario

¿Dónde está? Where is it?ahora now

allí there

capital (f) capital

centro centre/middle

ciudad (f) city

¿cuál? Which?

está it is

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exactamente exactly

grande big

habitante (m) inhabitant

millón (m) million

país (m) country

eu his/her

en in, on

este east

eoreste north-east

noroeste north-west

norte north

oeste west

sur south

sureste south-east

suroeste south-west

cerca near

lejos far/a long way away

Direcciones Directionsderecha right

izquierda left

la primera (calle) the first (street)

a la derecha on the right

la segunda the second

a la izquierda on the left

la tercera the third

la cuarta the fourth

todo recto straight on

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catedral (f) cathedral

estación (f) station

museo de arte moderno (f) modern art gallery

museo museum

plano plan/map of town

restaurante (m) restaurant

El restaurante está al The restaurant is next

lado del cine to the cinema

banco bank

cine (m) cinema

comisaría police station

estadio (de fútbol) (football) stadium

gasolinera petrol station

hospital (m) hospital

hotel (m) hotel

parque (m) park

piscina swimming pool

supermercado supermarket

al lado de next to

debajo de under

delante de in front of

detrás behind

enfrente opposite

entre between

esquina corner

por aquí around here

sobre on/above

semáforos (m) traffic lights

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¿Cómo se escribe?

Pasos 1 CD 1, track 14

Escucha y repite el abecedario.

a a ñ enyayb bay o oc θay p payd day q kooe ay r airayf efay s essayg xay t tayh atchay u ooi ee v oobayj xota w oobay doblayk ka x icksl elay y ee griegam emay z θetan enay

θ – th like in think

x – like ch in Loch Ness or Yiddish word chutzpah

¿Cuál es tu nombre/Cómo te llamas?

¿Cómo se escribe tu nombre?

A – N – G – E – L

G – A – R – C – I – A

Ask your partner for their name, then ask them to spell their first and last names as in the example above.

Even if you don’t have to spell things in general conversation you will need the alphabet more than you might realise. We use initials a lot.

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Imagine you want to say that you work or used to work for IBM. You wouldn’t want to keep referring to it as International Business Machines or if you drive a BMW, I don’t even know what that stands for. In fact BMW in Spanish, the say BMV (Bay Emay Oobay) as if the W were a V.

Where we say w (double u), in Spanish it’s actually double v, so they pronounce it oobay doble.

If you want to give a web address, www is pronounced:

oobay doble oobay doble oobay doble

If you want to say .com you say:

punto com

If you want to say:

.co.uk you say:

punto co punto oo ka

For Spanish email addresses ending .es it would be:

punto ay essay

Spelling your email address

@ - arroba

hyphen = guión

underscore = barra baja (low bar)

With your partner, take it in turns asking to spell your email address:

¿Cómo se escribe tu dirección de correo electrónico?

Say these

IBM; MGM; EMI; BBC; NBC; UFC; NFL; NBA; USB; UE; ONG

Just as we say The BBC and the EU, in Spanish they call them La BBC and La UE.

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¿Tiene habitaciones libres?

Hotel vocab

Link the Spanish with the English.

The first one has been done as an example.

1 una habitacion doble g a shower2 pension completa b bath3 una habitacion individual c full board4 calefaccion d half board5 desayuno e lift/elevator6 aire acondicionado f air conditioning7 bano g double room8 media pension h breakfast9 ducha i heating10 ascensor j single room

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En el hotel

Pasos 1 CD 1, track 54

Escucha y complete el diálogo.

Recepcionista Buenos días.Cliente Buenos días. ¿Tiene habitaciones libres?Recepcionista Si señor.Cliente Quiero una habitación _____________, por favor.Recepcionista Sí, ¿para cuántas noches?Cliente Para _______ noches. Desde hoy al _____________ de

junio. ¿Cuánto es la habitación?Recepcionista Son _____________ euros por noche. ¿Quiere desayunar

en el hotel?Cliente Sí, por favor. ¿Está incluido el desayuno?Recepcionista Sí. Está incluido. Su documento de identidad, por favor,Cliente Sí, tengo mi pasaporte.Recepcionista Perfecto. Aquí tiene la llave. La habitación ________. Está

en el quinto piso. El ascensor está al final del pasillo a la derecha.

Cliente Muchas gracias.Recepcionista De nada.

Vocabulario

Esta incluido It’s includedla llave keyel pasillo corridorDe nada You’re welcomeel desayuno breakfastdesayunar to have breakfastla comida lunch/meal/foodcomer to eatla cena supper/dinnercenar to have dinnerhoy todaypiso* floor-storey of building

* ‘piso’ in the dialogue means floor. ‘el quinto piso’ means the 5th floor. Piso can also mean flat/apartment. The word ‘planta’ can also mean floor/storey. ‘la quinta planta’ the 5th floor.

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Gramática

para forpara una noche for one nightpara dos personas for two peoplede fromde + el = del from thea toa + el = al to the del dos al cuatro de junio from the 2nd to the 4th of June

Types of hotel accommodation

In the table below you can see how to say:

full board

half board

bed and breakfast

self-catering

Number of meals included

Which meal(s)? Spanish description English description

0 nothing sin pensión self-catering1 only breakfast desayuno bed and breakfast2 breakfast and dinner media pensión half board3 all 3 meals included pensión completa full board

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Pasos 1 CD 1 Track 55

Escucha los tres diálogos. Completa el cuadro.

No de habitaciones

individual/doble ¿baño?

no de noches

desayuno/media pensión/pensión completa

123

Booking a hotel roomWhen the period you book starts one month but finishes in a different, like booking from 20 July to 4 August.

Quiero una habitación

individualdoble

para

unadostrescuatrocincoseis

noche(s)

del

1234

de

enerofebreromarzoabril

al

1234

de

enerofebreromarzoabril

When the period you book starts one month and finishes in the same month, like booking from 20 to 30 July. You only have to say July at the end.

Quiero una habitación

individualdoble

para unadostrescuatrocincoseis

noche(s)

del 1234

al 1234

de enerofebreromarzoabril

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In the dialogue below, the customer’s replies have been removed.

Recepcionista Buenos días.Cliente

Recepcionista Si, señor.ClienteRecepcionista Si, ¿para cuántas noches?ClienteRecepcionista Son 100 euros por noche.

¿Quiere desayunar en el hotel? Cliente

Recepcionista Su documento de identidad, por favor.Cliente

Here are the missing parts of the dialogue. Write the letters A to E in the correct parts of the dialogue above.

A. Sí, tengo mi carnet de conducir.B. Sí, por favor. Quiero media pensión.C. Quiero una habitación doble, por favor.D. Buenos días. ¿Tiene habitaciones libres?E. Para 5 noches, del 2 al 7 de julio. ¿Cuánto es la habitación?

With your partner, practice similar dialogues using the info below. The receptionist can use the same sentences as in the dialogue above.

1 2 3 4single room5 nights10 – 14 Augpassport

double room10 nights10 – 19 Juldriving licence

double room14 nights1 – 14 Jundriving licence

single room2 nights30 – 31 Maypassport

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Las habitaciones

un comedor una cocina un salón

un aseo un cuarto de baño un dormitorio

un estudio un pasillo una terraza

un lavadero un invernadero un jardín

un balcón

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Each student reads one of the sentences below and says which of the 3 flats that sentence describes.

The first one has been done as an example.

Hay un estudio.

Answer – Es el piso de Roberto.

Hay un dormitorio. Hay un comedor.Hay dos garajes. Hay dos cocinas.Hay tres dormitorios. Hay dos cuartos de baño.Hay un jardín. Hay un lavadero.Hay dos dormitorios. No hay comedor.Hay dos aseos. Hay un garaje.No hay jardín. No hay garaje.

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En mi casa

Describe tu casa usando los elementos de los recuadros.

Vivo en un piso una casa

en ………......…… .(ciudad)

En el piso la casa

hay … habitaciones: un salónun comedor una cocina un estudiouna sala de juegos un/dos cuarto(s) de baño un/dos aseo(s)un/dos/tres dormitorio(s).

También hay un desván (loft)un áticoun garajeun jardínuna terrazauna terraza interior (conservatory)un balcónun invernaderoun cobertizo (shed)

En mi dormitorio hay…..

una/dos cama(s)un armariouna cómodauna estanteríaun ordenador (portátil)una radioun televisor/una televisión.

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un armario una cómoda una cama

una estantería un ordenador un ordenador portátil

una radio un escritorio una silla

un sillón un espejo un televisor/una televisión

Más muebles

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una cocina una escalera un sofá una bañera

una ducha una lámpara una mesa una mesilla

un cuadro una moqueta una alfombra (rug) una chimenea

un frigorífico un teléfono

¿Qué hay en tu salón?

Estudiante A Estudiante BChoose a living room from the 6 pictured on the next page.

Ask your partner about what the room contains to determine which room has been chosen.

Ejemplo

¿Hay una silla?Sí, hay una.

¿Hay un sofá?Sí, hay uno.

¿Hay un cuadro?No, no hay cuadros.

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A B

C D

E F

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In Spain, most people live in flats (pisos). To say which floor a flat is on, see below:

la décima plantala novena plantala octava plantala sexta plantala quinta plantala cuarta plantala tercera plantala segunda plantala primera plantala planta baja

la planta baja – the ground floor (literally ‘the low floor’)

As in English you write 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th etc.

In Spanish, you can write primero, pimera, segundo, segunda etc. as:

1o/1a

2o/2a

3o/3a

3o/3a

4o/4a

5o/5a

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¿Quién vive donde?Estudiante A

Below you can see a building, number 20, Calle Mendoza,

There are 25 flats, 5 flats per floor.

You have the names of the inquilinos (tenants) but 4 are missing.

You have to ask your partner where the following people live:

Arantxa, José, Francisca and Susana.

Ejemplo:

¿Dónde vive Alba?

Vive en la primera planta, entre Rocío y Roberto.

Calle Mendoza, 205a Pedro Marcos María Eva Jorge4a Yolanda David Sergio3a Ana Andrea Ángela Enrique Tomás2a Victoria Montse Cristina1a Rocío Alba Roberto Carlos RobertaLa Planta Baja

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Estudiante B

Below you can see a building, number 20, Calle Mendoza,

There are 25 flats, 5 flats per floor.

You have the names of the inquilinos (tenants) but 4 are missing.

You have to ask your partner where the following people live:

Eva, Marcos, Enrique and Andrea.

Ejemplo:

¿Dónde vive Alba?

Vive en la primera planta, entre Rocio y Roberto.

Calle Mendoza, 205a Pedro María Jorge4a Yolanda Susana David José Sergio3a Ana Ángela Tomás2a Victoria Arantxa Montse Francisca Cristina1a Rocío Alba Roberto Carlos RobertaLa Planta Baja

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Ser and EstarIn Spanish, there are two verbs which mean ‘to be’:

ser estaryo soy estoytú eres estásél/ella/usted es estánosotros/as somos estamosvosotros/as sois estáisellos/ellas/ustedes

son están

Uses of ser- The identity of the subject (person, thing, or event)

Soy Marcos. I’m Marcos.

Este es Pedro. This is Pedro,

Glastonbury es un festival. Glastonbury is a festival.

Este edificio es una iglesia. This building is a church.

- Someone’s occupation or profession.

María es dentista.

Somos profesores.

- Essential or inherent qualities which are unlikely to change such as nationality, moral attributes and religion.

Michel es francés. Michel is French.

David es buena persona. David is a good person.

Saul es judío. Saul is jewish.

- Characteristics of physical appearance and character. (Can be considered inherent traits.)

Sara es alta y delgada. Sara is tall and slim.Pedro es rubio. Pedro is blond.

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David es simpático y generoso. David is nice and generous.

- Relationships.

Stephen es el hermano de Jane. Stephen is Jane’s brother.Robert es su marido. Robert is her husband.

- Time

Es la una y cuarto.

Son las seis y media.

- Place and date of an event.

Hoy es el dos de agosto.

La reunión es el martes por la tarde.

La fiesta es en el piso de Antonio.

- Origin, possession, and the materials that objects are made of, with the preposition de.

Es el coche de Martín.

Juan es de Madrid.

Este ordenador es de Alemania.

Esta mesa es de madera.

- Quantity and price

- ¿ Cuánto es? How much is it?

- Son cien euros. It’s 100 euros.

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Uses of estar

- Location – permanent and temporary

Mark está en París.

París está en Francia.

La plaza está en el centro de la ciudad.

La silla está al lado de la mesa.

Juan está en la piscina.

- Temporary physical conditions.

Ana está enferma.

- Temporary moods

Javier está adurrido.

Mónica está feliz.

- Temporary traits or qualities.

Hoy estás guapo.

Paula está delgada.

- Temporary states

La oficina está desordenada.

El ordenador está estropeado.

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EjercicioUnderline the correct verb in each sentence. The first one has been done as an example.

1. Jarek es/está polaco. Jarek is Polish.

2. Mark es/está mi hermano. Mark is my brother.

3. Los cuchillos son/están de plástico. The knives are plastic.

4. Juan es/está enfadado. Juan is angry.

5. La casa es/está bonita. The house is beautiful.

6. Ferrari es/está una empresa italiana. Ferrari is an Italian business.

7. El piso de Javier es/está en la segunda planta.

Javier’s flat is on the second floor.

8. Son/Están las ocho. It’s eight o’clock.

9. Este coche es/está de España. This car is from Spain.

10.Ricardo es/está simpático. Richard is nice.

11.La catedral es/está muy grande. The cathedral is very big.

12.Esta chaqueta es/está de cuero. This jacket is leather.

13.Birmingham y Manchester son/están en Inglaterra.

Birmingham and Manchester are in England.

14.Diana es/está enferma. Diana is ill.

15.Mark y John son/están rubios. Mark and John are blond.

16.Cristina es/está católica. Cristina is catholic.

17.Estas flores son/están de Holanda. These flowers are from Holland.

18.La Universidad es/está cerca de la estación.

The university is near the station.

19.Esta cámara es/está de Japón. This camera is from Japan.

20.Hamburgo es/está en Alemania. Hamburg is in Germany.

21.Ángela y Eva son/están altas. Ángela and Eva are tall.

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22.Somos/Estamos en el hospital. We are in/at the hospital

23.El estadio de fútbol es/está lleno. The football stadium is full.

24.John es/está muy inteligente. John is very intelligent.

25.La oficina es/está ordenada. The office is tidy.

26.Es/Está la bici de Sergio. It’s Sergio’s bike.

27.Soy/Estoy cansado. I’m tired.

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GramáticaPreposiciones para, con, sin Prepositions para, con, sin

For (a period of time)

Una habitación para dos noches a room for two nights

For (people)

Una habitación para dos personas a room for two people

With

Una habitación con terraza a room with a terrace

Without

Una habitación sin desayuno a room without breakfast

Fechas Dates

Dates are given with cardinal numbers, not ordinal:

El dos de julio the 2nd of July

El quince de agosto the 15th of August

Adjetivos Adjectives

Adjectives always agree with the gender (masculine or feminine) and the number (singular or plural) of the nouns they describe.

Masculino Femenino

Pequeño pequeña

Grande grande

o changes to a

adjectives ending in other vowels or consonants do not change

Pequeños pequeñas

Grandes grandes

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El hotel es grande. La habitación es grande.

Los hoteles son grandes. Las habitaciones son grandes.

El bar es pequeño. La piscina es pequeña.

Los bares son pequeños. Las piscinas son pequeñas.

Verbos Verbs

Ser/estar

For descriptions, you can use two verbs which mean ‘to be’: ser and estar.

Use ser for permanent state.La casa es vieja. The house is old. (permanent state – doesn’t change)

Use estar for temporary state, when something has changed or may change. La casa está sucia. The house is dirty. (temporary state – it can be cleaned)La casa está limpia. The house is clean (change of state)

VocabularioUna habitación, por favor A room, please

el hotel hotel

abierto/abierta open

aire (m) acondicionado air conditioning

al fondo at the end

aparcamiento parking

ascensor (m) lift

baño bathroom

calefacción (f) heating

cama bed

céntrico/céntrica central

cuenta bill

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desayunar to have breakfast

desayuno breakfast

documento de identidad identity document

ducha shower

estos/estas these

garaje (m) garaje

habitación (f) (individual/doble) (single/double) room

incluido/incluida included

llave (f) key

llegada arrival

media pensión half board

pasaporte (m) passport

pensión (f) completa full board

pista (de tenis) (tennis) court

precio Price

primera línea de playa on the seafront/beside the beach

quedarse to stay (in a hotel)

reserva reservation

reservar to reserve

solo only

¿Cómo es el hotel? What is the hotel like?

bonito/bonita pretty, nice

cómodo/cómoda comfortable

feo/fea ugly

grande big

incómodo/incómoda uncomfortable

moderno/moderna modern

pequeño/pequeña small

viejo/vieja old

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El piso/La casa The flat/The house

cocina kitchen

comedor (m) dining room

cuarto de baño bathroom

dormitorio bedroom

pasillo hallway, corridor

salón (m) lounge

taller (m) (mecánico) (mechanics’) workshop

terraza terrace

Los muebles Furniture

armario wardrobe

bañera bath

cama bed

cocina cooker

escritorio (writing) desk

espejo mirror

estantería bookshelves

frigorífico fridge

mesa table

mesilla bedside table

silla chair

sillón (m) armchair

taza toilet

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