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Blending English teaching with technology
Jun-Jie Tseng (曾俊傑 )[email protected]
National Taiwan Normal University
Overview
The significance of online English teaching and learning
Online task development Online technology Pedagogical strategies Reflection
The significance of online English teaching and learning
Online Education Beats the Classroom
http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/08/19/study-finds-that-online-education-beats-the-classroom/
The rise of online teaching
The number of distance courses is growing and an increasing number of institutions are introducing online courses or blending more conventional courses with online elements. (Hampel, 2010, p. 150)
A sociocultural view of language teaching and learning
Language as a subject to be talked about? Active, productive use of the new
language Language learning as dialogic with
authentic language in use as the primary mediating tool for learning
Directly comprehending and responding appropriately to language – conversation – is central to all developmental processes.
The advantages of online teaching
When ELLs have access to online tools, they are motivated to practice English outside the classroom (Aydin, 2007; Colombo & Colombo, 2007; Son, 2007).
The online tools improve the listening and speaking skills of young learners.
Affordances of asynchronous online teaching and learning environments (Meskill, & Anthony, 2010)
Convenience Connectivity Membership Authentic audience Tailored audiences Strategies to compensate for lack of
non-verbal info
Richness of information (links, multimedia)
Time to focus and review Time to compose, resources to
compose Time and opportunity to reflect Opportunity to witness and track
learning Opportunity to demonstrate learning
Characteristics of Task-Based Language Teaching
Providing sufficient comprehensible input to “trigger” acquisitional processes
Involved in real communication Paying attention to linguistic form
Online task development
Three-level model of task development
Approach: › theories about the nature of language
learning› the possibilities that the technology affords
Design› Syllabus› Types of tasks› Learner and teacher roles
Procedure: the actual implementation of the tasks
Approach
Cognitive SLA: input, interaction, and output
Sociocultural theories› Mediation: through interaction, language,
tasks, or technology› scaffolding
Design
Goal: e.g. developing writing skills with Forums
Task type: Individual tasks (e.g. information gathering online) feed into interactive tasks (e.g. discussion of information in a forum)
Input: verbal and visual modalities› Links to websites› Preset discussion questions in forums› Student contribution
Online technology
Technology: Voxopop
http://www.voxopop.com/ A voice-based e-learning tool E.g., What’s your favorite …? (
http://www.voxopop.com/topic/baf4da6d-ff57-4c40-9550-0386d216a841)
Technology: Voicethread
http://voicethread.com/ E.g., Our Alphabet Book (
http://voicethread.com/?#q+children+english.b856240.i4560642)
E.g. reader’s theater (http://youtu.be/5dTZI1MEH3I)
More technological tools to get students talking
http://www.teachertrainingvideos.com/
Pedagogical strategies
Instructional conversation moves (Meskill, & Anthony, 2010)
Calling attention to forms Calling attention to lexis Corralling Saturating Using linguistic traps Modeling Providing explicit feedback Providing implicit feedback
Calling attention to forms
Task-level attention to form› a role paly activity in which students are
asked to practice, then record and post a conversation.
› The teacher can review the recordings, insert audio comments and corrections, and leave written comments and questions.
Incidental attention to forms› addressing meaning, pronunciation, or
intonation› Technology: Voxopop› E.g. What is your favorite car? Why?
Practice time
Come up with an example that supports “calling attention to forms.”
Calling attention to lexis
Task-level attention to lexis › Using intonation to draw learners’
attention to a new lexical item› T: It’s too chilly to go swimming.› Using both visual and voice emphases› Technology: Voicethread› Visual and voice: SUNNY and IT’S SUNNY.
Incidental attention to lexis› Repeating the word five or ten times, use it
in a sentence, then use it in a question.› Focusing on lexical items with the help of
both voice and text.› E.g. playing a question and answer game
on Voxopop
Practice time
Come up with an example that supports “calling attention to lexis.”
corralling
Task-level corralling› Using an audio dubbing assignment to
corrall learners into using a focal form or lexical item
› Posting audio post assignment of a direction asking and giving role paly
› Tell the story about this picture using your own voice (Voicethread)
Incidental corralling The use of voice and intonation E.g. T: You turn right at ? / So, you
turn right at mmmm Street?
Practice time
Come up with an example that supports “corralling.”
Saturating
Oral repetition E.g. Yes, you can’t depend on a bus
schedule, Bus schedules are almost always wrong. I have a bus schedule that I can’t depend on to come to class.
Practice time
Come up with an example that supports “saturating.”
Using linguistic traps
T: What is the girl doing? The girl is skiing.
Practice time
Come up with an example that supports “using linguistic trap.”
Modeling
Visual modeling› Video 1: My apologies.› Video 2: I am very sorry.› Video 3: Pardon me.› Video 4: Please forgive me.› E.g. It’s time for the bus. (
http://api.vizlingo.com:8080/vizings/17/7b/ed/177bed13d094e0517c3c8b446d5ced67.mp4)
Practice time
Come up with an example that supports “modeling.”
Providing explicit feedback
Provided silently via visual markings and cues
Select to attend to the kinds of explicit feedback (aural, visual, textual, rules, or examples)
E.g. adding a link to a grammar web site, reference to video materials on the Internet, reference to online exercises
Practice time
Come up with an example that supports “providing explicit feedback.”
Providing implicit feedback
S: I drinked tea yesterday. T: I drank coffee. I don’t like tea at all.
Did you drink coffee, too?
Practice time
Come up with an example that supports “providing implicit feedback.”
Sample language learning task template (Meskill, & Anthony, 2010)
Topic: Duration: Skill focus: Overall instructional aims: Task structure:
› Task toolkit› Roles for learners› Setting the scene› Action expectations› Action monitoring instructional conversation
(feedback) Expected outcomes
Using Moodle to support English teaching
Not only for making resources available to learners but also for offering students and teachers a choice of online communication tools.
Video-based know-how tutorials (http://www.teachertrainingvideos.com/moodle1/index.html)
Tips of using the Moodle tools (Ernest et al., 2009)
Instructions/guidelines/time management› Rules for synchronous participation› Specify timescale for activities› Signposts to key aspects of reading
materials› Clearly signalled closing stage
Forums and other tools› Clear guidance on expected frequency of
participation› Separate forums for each task› Opportunities for individuals to individual
communication› Easy access to instructions for use of less
familiar tools› Opportunity to experiment with new tools
Collaboration and sense of community› Self-introduction› Group formation› Common goals› A sense of community
Using blog to support English teaching
http://ellloblog.blogspot.com/
Reflection
What have you learned? Are you inspired?