STUDY SKILLSPART 1:NOTE TAKING

SKILSS

PREPARED BY:MR.ARIVU

5 C’S OF NOTE-TAKING

Take Charge of Your Lectures

Concentrate and Focus on the Material

Listen Critically

Connect and Capture Key Ideas

TAKE CHARGE OF YOUR LECTURES

Commit to Class

Pre-read material to be covered before class

Identify areas that are difficult to understand

Arrive to class early and review notes from the previous class period

CONCENTRATEAND FOCUS ON THE

MATERIAL!!!

Beware of Distractions Talking Daydreaming & Doodling Worrying

LISTEN CRITICALLY

Be Ready for the Message

Listen to Main Concepts

Listen for New Ideas

Ask Questions

CONNECT AND CAPTURE KEY IDEAS

Identify key words, themes and main points Relate Details to the Main Point Listen for Clues

Note when a topic comes up more than once Transition words signal the change in topics or new key points

“In contrast to”“Let’s move on”“This will be on the next exam”“You will see this again”

This one for sure!

CHOOSE THE NOTE-TAKING STYLE THAT’S JUST RIGHT

FOR YOU!

Use any strategy that will help the key ideas

stand out to you!!

NOTE-TAKING STYLES

Outline Method

The Cornell Method

Paragraph (Summarizing) Method

Fishbone Diagram (Listing) Method

THE OUTLINE METHOD

Use headings and subheadings followed by course material

Easiest method with organized lectures

FormalOutline

InformalOutline

THE CORNELL METHOD

Divide your notepaper by drawing a vertical line 2 inches from the left margin.

On the right side, take your notes from class.

On the left side, write key words questions comments Examples

On the bottom, write a summary These will make your work easier

to review later Test yourself by identifying the

lecture material on the right , prompted by your comments on the left.

THE PARAGRAPH METHOD

Often works best when a lot of notes are given in a short period of time and the instructor is a fast talker or the lecture is disorganized.

Listen critically for important facts.

Create your own summary of what has been presented.

Write down summary in your own words.

Did you get

that?

No, we’d better

summarize!

THE FISHBONE DIAGRAM

The Problem or outcome is printed in the “head” of the fish.

Identify the primary factors and connect as ribs to the backbone.

Elaborate each rib with the details related to the primary factor.

OTHER NOTE-TAKING TIPS

Always date your notes! Paraphrase your notes! Don’t Erase Mistakes! For Lectures with fast talkers, consider writing in

cursive or tape recording. Use Abbreviations! Be Organized! Evaluate your note-taking style strategy

regularly!

PART 2: A STUDY READING STRATEGY

SQ3R

REVIEW

What does a person have to develop to be an effective reader? HABITS

Which 3 habits are essential in order to become an effective reader? Commit to reading Concentrate on your reading Read actively

TO READ ACTIVELY OR SKILLFULLY:

Understand the reading process Utilize strategies that can help you read more

efficiently Maximize reading comprehension Minimize reading time Retain information Improve concentration

WHAT IS SQ3R?

A study reading method or technique based on a series of steps

It divides the reading process into 3 stages: Before : Preparation During : Concentration After: Retention

WHY USE SQ3R? Organized information is easier to remember than

information taken in without a plan

THE STEPS IN SQ3R

Survey Question Read Recite Review

SURVEY Get an overview or general

idea about the reading by previewing

This helps to activate any previous knowledge we may have Find out about the author, type

of work, and subject Look at the title, subtitles, or

headings Look at any visuals (captions,

pictures, charts or drawings)

Read the first paragraph and the first sentence of each other paragraph

Read the last paragraph Look for key words in different

print Circle or underline any difficult

words as a vocabulary preview Make a PREDICTION about

the main idea or central theme The author’s idea or message

about the topic of discussion

Remember-don’t read all the material!All you want is an idea, so only take a few minutes to conduct your survey!Practice: Food for Luck

QUESTION

Formulate information (Wh) questions on what you have surveyed These will help you to concentrate or focus while

reading! For example: the title, visuals, the first lines of the

different paragraphs etc. Follow the organization of the article!

Practice: Food for Luck

READ

Read thoroughly and actively, focusing on your questions This gives your reading a purpose

As you read, you can annotate (underline and take notes in the margin) Writing reinforces what you read

RECITE

Try to answer the questions you formulated based on what you remember

If you have problems, then these are the areas you will pay closer attention to when you review

Recite after a long section; repeat information and reread if necessary

REVIEW Look over the material again but without

rereading; go over the questions again Verify your prediction and revise it if

necessary Now that you’ve read you can determine

what the main idea or central theme is Respond and reflect by connecting the

reading to your previous experiences

Before Reading

During ReadingReadRecite

Review

After Reading

SurveyQuestio

n

PREPAREIdentify author and work

Make PredictionsEstablish Purpose

Pre-readActivate previous knowledge

Raise Questions

READAnnotateMonitor

comprehension

RESPONDReviewReflect

SQ3R

PART 3:MEMORY TECHNIQUES

MEMORY AND YOUR BRAIN:

The power and process of reproducing and recalling

information learned, retained and retrieved

KINDS OF MEMORY YOU USE

Semantic: Words and Symbols Implicit: How to Remote: Data collected over time

repeated experience Working or Short term Episodic: Recent experience

THE WAY YOU LEARN AFFECTS HOW YOU REMEMBER.

WHAT KIND OF LEARNER ARE YOU?

Visual LearnerAuditory Learner

Bodily Kinesthetic Learner

YOU NEVER FORGET…

Your brain never loses anything

Forgetting: it is either the inability to recall stored information or the failure to store information in the first place

The things that interest you

WE REMEMBER

10% of what we read 20% of what we hear 30% of what we see 50% of what we see and

hear 70% of what we say 90% of what we say and do

PROCESS OF MEMORY

Attention and Selection Encoding Storage Retrieval

ATTENTION AND SELECTION

The first process of memory is attention. There is much more

information in your environment than you can process at any given time. You

must make choices (conscious and unconscious) regarding what you will attend to and store in your memory

THE ELECTRICITY OF YOUR MIND

ENCODING = RECEIVING INFORMATION

How are memories formed? It refers to translating incoming information

into a mental representation that can be stored in memory

You can encode the information in a number of different ways According to sound (acoustic code) What it looks like (visual code) What it means (semantic code)

STORAGE = RETENTION OF INFORMATION

It is the process of holding information in your memory

Short-Term vs. Long-Term Memory Transfer from Short to Long-term

Repeating the information Practicing Thinking about it deeply (elaborate) – draw

connections between what you are trying to remember and other things that are familiar to you

RETRIEVAL = RECALL OR RECOGNITION

It is the process of actually remembering something when you

want to

MEMORY TECHNIQUES

1. Learn from the general to the specific2. Make it meaningful3. Create associations4. Learn it once, actively5. Relax6. Recite and repeat

MEMORY TECHNIQUES

7. Create pictures - draw diagrams, mind maps- create action- make pictures vivid- turn abstract ideas into

concrete actions or images

MEMORY TECHNIQUES

8. Write it down (outline, 3x5 cards, summary)

9. Reduce interference10. Over learn11. Escape the short-term memory trap12. Use daylight13. Distribute Learning14. Be aware of attitudes

MEMORY TECHNIQUES

15. Choose what not to store in memory16. Combine memory techniques17. Remember something else18. Notice when you do remember19. Use it before you lose it20. Remember, you never forget.21. Grouping by category, alphabet,

chronological order

MEMORY TECHNIQUES

22. Create abbreviations23. Visualize24. Review

24 hrs after learning takes place

10 minute review reinforces one hour class

periodically to move material from short- to long-term memory

MNEMONICS

Are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall

A word or a sentence which is intended to be easier to remember than the thing it stands for.

MNEMONIC DEVICES

Acronyms – words created from the initial letters of a series of words NASA : National Aeronautics and Space

Administration Acrostics – sentences that help you

remember a series of letters that stand for something “Every Good Boy Does Fine (E,G,B,D and F)

MNEMONIC DEVICES

Rhymes and Songs – Make a rhyme or a song of the facts Alphabet (Twinkle, Twinkle little Star)

Loci Systems – creates visual associations with familiar locations. It can also help you remember things in a particular order

Peg Systems – employs key words represented by numbers Example 1=bun, 2=shoe, 3=tree, 4=door

REMEMBERING NAMES

Recite and repeat in conversation

Ask the other person to recite and repeat

Visualize Admit you don’t know Introduce yourself again Use associations

REMEMBERING NAMES

Limit the number of new names you learn at one time

Ask for photos Go early Make it a game

Lean Protein

1. Fish -- Salmon (especially Alaskan Salmon caught in the wild, farmed fish is not as rich in omega-3-fatty acids), tuna, mackerel, herring (also listed under fats)2. Poultry -- chicken (skinless) and turkey (skinless)3. Meat -- lean beef and pork 4. Eggs (enriched DHA eggs are best)5. Tofu and soy products (whenever possible choose organically raised)6. Dairy products -- low fat cheeses and cottage cheese, low fat sugar free yogurt and low fat or skim milk7. Beans, especially garbanzo beans and lentils (also listed under carbohydrates)8. Nuts and seeds, especially walnuts (also listed under fats) -- Great recipe: soak walnuts in water and sea salt overnight, drain and sprinkle with cinnamon (natural blood sugar balancer) and low roast 4 hours at 250 degrees -- makes them easier to digest.

FOODS that can improve your memory.

Complex Carbohydrates9. Berries -- especially blueberries (brain berries), raspberries, strawberries, blackberries10. Oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruit11. Cherries12. Peaches, plums13. Broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts14. Oats, whole wheat, wheat germ -- oatmeal needs to be the long cooking kind as instant has a higher glycemic index since the manufacturer has broken down the fiber to speed cooking time and basically make it a refined carbohydrate. Same goes for bread, look for at least 3 grams of fiber. Remember unbleached wheat flour is white flour, it must say whole wheat.15. Red or yellow peppers (much higher in Vitamin C than green peppers)16. Pumpkin squash17. Spinach -- works wonderfully as a salad, or a cooked vegetable, adds fiber and nutrients18. Tomatoes19. Yams** Beans (also listed under proteins)

Fats20. Avocados21. Extra virgin cold pressed olive oil 22. Olives** Salmon (also listed under protein)** Nuts and nut butter, especially walnuts, macadamia nuts, Brazil nuts, pecans and almonds (also listed under protein)

Liquids23. Water24. Green or black tea

IMPROVE YOUR MEMORY

www.Luminosity.com (games)www.thebrain.mcgill.ca (the brain from top

to bottom)www.zefrank.com/memory/ (games)www.faculty.washington.edu/chudler/chmemory.html

(experiments)www.brainrules.net (theory and science)