pVH ky qyjf isMG Xfd af jFdf hY; pUrn isMG qF romFitk sI. cMdn ajyhI gwd rc irhf hY, ijs dIaF ÉUbIaF df hfly pMjfbI pfTkF nUM aihsfs nhIN hoieaf. . jfnlyvf bImfrI dI hflq ivc pRoÌYsr

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PYÁsUP pRym pRkfÈ dy nF ijnF idsMidaF durmq vMÖY imqr asfzVy syeI] mhlf õ] iDafn myry pfTkF dI imhr hY ik ieh ikqfb ds sflF mgroN Pyr Cpx lwgI hY. iehdy awKr mYN apxy hwQIN bIVn lwgf hF. ieh lyK mYN lMdnoN Cpdy hÌqyvfr aÉbfr pMjfbI drpx leI ilKx lwgf sI. ieh nfÜo nfÜ pRIq lVI c vI Cpdy rhy. kflm df nF PYÁsUÌIaF rwiKaf sI. mYnUM CyqI hI igafn ho igaf sI ik kflm ilKx dI bfnH ilKfrI leI Gfqk huMdI hY. Pyr mYN nsr qF ilKdf irhF, pr kflmnvIsI nhIN kIqI. eyny sflF mgroN apxf iliKaf pVH ky keI QfeIN mYnUM sMÕ afeI. mYnUM ajfeINN alMkfrk lÌË vrqx df moh irhf hY. aMgryËI df asr eynf hY ik iÌkrf soicaf aMgryËI c huMdf hY qy iliKaf pMjfbI ivc. ieh aOgux myrI hux dI ilKq ivc Gt igaf hY. iswDI gwl krn df ieh gur mYN pRym pRkfÈ qy surjIq hFs qoN iswiKaf. ieh ikqfb muV tfeIp kridaF mYN ies gwloN iDafn rKidaF suDfeI krdf igaf. myrI soc inq bdldI rihMdI hY. eyny sflF df iliKaf muV piVHaf, qF keI QfeIN gwl bdl idwqI; keI QfeIN bysurI jfxidaF vI nhIN bdlI. myrf lyKf Aus rUsI vflLf ho igaY, ijhny ikhf sI - myrI apxI rfey qF hY, pr mYN AuhnUM mMndf nhIN! mYnUM sukrfq dI ieh gwl nhIN BuwldI: mYnUM pqY ik mYnUM kuC vI nhIN pqf. tfeIp df puwTf lwlf mMgq rfey Bfrdvfj ny GV ky idwqf. kuJ hvfly mYN nfhr isMG qy krmjIq isMG dy sMjoey lokgIqF coN ley hn qy kuJ hvfly gOqm scdyv dI ikRpf nfÜ imlLy. mYN ienHF df vI dyxdfr hF. ieqIÈRI. - amrjIq cMdn icxfeI /aqr isMG ny ikhf sI /puwTf lwlf /Èbd aMbI /ÈhIdI df rumFs /Bgq isMG dI qsvIr /kvIAuvfc /kivqf qy supnf /pMjfbI isafsI kivqf /pfÈ dI kivqf /ikqfbF sfh lYNdIaF hn /iensfnI ijsm df jÈn /bfrI ivc KVHI aOrq /Ìrym kIqf vkq /sfeIkl clfAuNidaF /rfj kpUr /iliKaf ikAuN nhIN jFdf /sfAUQfl /icwTIaF

aqr isMG ny ikhf sI

mrjIq cMdn dI rcnf dI sB qoN vwzI gwl ieh hY ik ieh ikqy vI rhy, ieh eys DrqI df aMg bixaf rihMdf hY. iehdf sfihqk klcr bhuq amIr hY. PYÁsUÌIaF ivc iehny puwTf lwlf pf ky

‘Èrfrq` kIqI sI, pr ies nfÜ pMjfbI gwd ivc kImqI vfDf ho igaf. AurdU sfihq dI ivDf hY - ienÈfeIaf, ijs ivc hfsf qy guwJIaF cotF vI huMdIaF hn; pr Auhdy ivc Bfvukqf huMdI hY, isDFq nhIN huMdf. pr cMdn ny ies ivDf c hwsidaF-KyzidaF sMjIdf qy isDFqk gwlF vI kIqIaF hn. ieh iehdI vwKrI pCfx hY. cMdn ny apxI BfÈf dy sfry sfihq nUM bhuq ipCFh qk vficaf qy ivcfiraf hY. iehdy aMdr purfxf sfrf pMjfb ivdmfn hY. iehdI soc qy BfÈf ieh gwlF dsdI hY. iehdIaF gwlF nfÜ aYsIaF pRqIDÍnIaF pYdf huMdIaF hn, ijs nfÜ iehdI ilKq sGn qy zUMGI bxdI hY. ieh nvIN BfÈf vI isrjdf hY. ieh ivc-ivc ipwCy vI qurdf hY qy smyN dy nfÜ vI. iehdy ivsly afm-ijhy hn, pr

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iehdIaF gwlF ivÈyÈ hn. ieh afm gwl nUM ivÈyÈ bxf idMdf hY. ieh isrjk hY qy ivdvfn vI. iehnUM pVH ky qyjf isMG Xfd af jFdf hY; pUrn isMG qF romFitk sI. cMdn ajyhI gwd rc irhf hY, ijs dIaF ÉUbIaF df hfly pMjfbI pfTkF nUM aihsfs nhIN hoieaf. . jfnlyvf bImfrI dI hflq ivc pRoÌYsr aqr isMG (1932-1994) ny PYÁsUÌIaF ikqfb bfbq ieh gwlF pRym pRkfÈ kolLoN mfrc 1993 ivc typ krvfeIaF sn.

puwTf lwlf

jd mYN PYÁsUÌIaF ilKx lwgf sI, qF ibnF soicaF hI Èrfrqn dUjf awKr puwTf pf idwqf sI. keI pfTk hYrfn huMdy hn ik lwlf puwTf ikAuN hY; keI iehnUM Cfpy dI ÊlqI smJdy hn. so mslHf bVf gMBIr hY. mYnUM afp mgroN pqf lwgf ik lwlf puwTf ikAuN pfieaf sI. apxy jy koeI dlIl nfÜ gwl kry, awgoN jixaF nUM jcy qF shI, pr mMnx nUM jIa nf kry; qF bMdy ihkfrq nfÜ, kdy iKwJ ky, kdy mËfk nfÜ isafxIaF gwlF krn vflLy nUM cuwp krvfAux dy mfry kihMdy hn - sfÜf, PYlsUÌIaF df! PYlsUÌIaF dy brfbr df aMgryËI lÌË lBxf aOKf hY. iehdI jVH XUnfnI lÌË iÌlosoÌI nfÜ jf lgdI hY, ijhdf mqlb hY - akl dosqI. ÌlsÌI akl dosq huMdf hY qy ieh lÌË pMjfb phuMc ky PYlsUP ho igaf. keI ÌlsÌI akl dy duÈmx vI huMdy hn. PYÁsUÌIaF ËrUrI nhIN ik isafxIaF gwlF hox. ieh mUrKF vflLIaF vI ho skdIaF hn. gwpF nUM vI PYlsUÌIaF afKIdf hY. ÌlsÌy dy brfbr df sMsikRq Èbd hY - drÈn. ies Èbd df DfqU drs XfnI dyKx qoN hY. ieh inrf dyKxf (aMgryËI c ‘sI` jF ‘luk`) nhIN, sgoN aMqr-drs hY. pr jo bfq PYlsUÌIaF c hY, Auh dfrÈinkIaF ivc nhIN ho skdI. sMsikRq jF ÌfrsI-arbI? ieh iekpfsV bihs pMjfbI ivc cldI rhI hY. sMsikRq ijQy BfrqI BfÈfvF dI mF hY, AuQy ieh sfzy idl dy nyVy vI hY qy idmfÊ dy vI. ÌfrsI-arbI dy keI lÌË sfzI bolI c eyny rcimc gey hn ik jd koeI ienHF dI QF sMsikRq dy Epry Èbd vrqdf hY, qF bVI bysuafdI huMdI hY. hux pMjfbI iek bolI nhIN rhI. pUrbI pMjfb qy pwCmI pMjfb dy ilKfrI iek dUjy dI ilKq nhIN AuTflL skdy. pRoÌYsr aqr isMG pMjfbI sfihq dy vwzy ivdvfn hn; pr ienHF dI ilKI pMjfbI lhOr bYTy pMjfbI nUM smJ nhIN afAuNdI. sfnUM AurdU qy pMjfbI df sfvFpn kfiem krn dI scyq koiÈÈ krn dI loV hY qy ieh kMm ilKfrIaF ny hI krnf hY. gwl qF pwuTy lwly dI ÈLurU kIqI sI qy phuMc geI aqr isMG qk. gwlF coN gwlF inklx df dUjf nF PYÁsUÌIaF hI qF hY. koeI aglf puwTf svfl ieh pf skdf hY ik PYÁsUÌIaF ivc lwlf hI ikAuN puwTf hY, hor koeI awKr ikAuN nhIN? ieh mslHf drasl idRÈtIgq (ivXUal) klf df hY. qusIN afp dUsry awKr iswDy-puwTy kr ky dyK lAu, Auh awKF nUM jcxgy nhIN. hornF awKrF nfÜ koeI nf koeI lg-mfqr lwgI hoeI hY. awKr puwTf krn

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nfÜ lg-mfqr vI puwTI hoeygI qy sfrI gwl ivgV jfeygI. pUrbI pMjfbI sfihq aflocnf ivc ipCly kuJ sflF qoN sMrcnfvfd df bVf bolbflf hY. ieh vfd mYnUM vfdI hY. iehdy lqIÌy bVy bxy hoey hn. sMrcnfvfdIaF dI mfr qoN lokgIq vI nhIN bc sky. apxI bolI hY: kI lY ilaf gwlHF nUM hwQ lf ky lf lf lf lf ho geI imqrf. iksy sMrcnIey ny ies bolI dI rmËF kwZIaF ik ies ivc kul awT lwly hn ik ies ivc lwilaF df pYrfzfeIm BfrU hY. jd gwlHF nUM hwQ lf lYx df hUlf AuVdf hY, qF qIvINaF gwlHF `qy hwQ rK ky hYrfn huMdIaF hn. PYÁsUÌIaF dy puwTy lwly df sMrcnI ivsllyÈx krn df myrf koeI ierfdf nhIN. hF, eynf ËrUr hY ik lIh qoN htvIN gwl krn df Bfv ieh vI huMdf hY ik inq vrqoN dIaF ÈYaF dy igwJy hoey lok Aus gwl nUM vDyry ghu nfÜ dyKdy hn. ieh gur afm qOr `qy ieÈiqhfrF c vriqaf jFdf hY. XUrpI kvIaF ny vIhvIN sdI dy muwZ ivc kMkrIt kivqf ivc ieh kfrIgrI kIqI sI. cmigwdV puwTf ltkdf hY. jd bwcf ies dunIaf c pRvyÈ krdf hY, qF dfeI AuhnUM puwTf krky ruafAuNdI hY. Ëfilm kfiÌrF nUM puwTf ltkfAuNdy hn. aglf svfl hY: puwTf kI huMdf qy iswDf kI? jy gwl myry leI iswDI hY, Auh hor iksy leI puwTI ho skdI hY. dUr kI jfxf. afm iswK afKdy hn kUky puwTI pwg bMnHdy hn. kUky afKdy hn iswK puwTI pwg bMnHdy hn. aMq ivc mYN dosq kvI ajmyr rozy dI kivqf dgdy kolLy nUM qlLI `qy rK ky vyKo suxfAuNdF. ies kivqf ivc myry vflLI gwl hY. dgdy kolLy nUM qlLI `qy rK ky vyKo mumikn hY quhfzf hwQ nf jÜy sUrj jo asMKF virHaF qoN roË nym nfÜ cVHdf irhf hY mumikn hY klH nUM nf cVyH myË jo ies pl quhfzy sfhmxy hY DrqI dI kiÈÈ nfÜ jkiVaf mumikn hY agly pl Auz ky Cwq nfÜ jf lwgy. ? byQvHIaF byQvHIaF hI shI myrI soc qF ies pl sUrj duaflLy GuMmxoN munkr hoeI hY qy KMz mMzlF ivc tuwtdy qfiraF `qy bYT lIkF pfeIaF hn nhIN asMBv nhIN pRikrqI dy hukm nUM ikMqU krnf qusIN qF mnuwK dy hukm nUM hI Bfxf mMnI bYTy ho hukmoN bfhr ho qur ky qF vyKo dgdy kolLy nUM qÜI `qy rK ky qF vyKo ÈyÉ bfbf ÌrId sfzy pihly vwzy kvI ho guËry hn. ienHF Ìrmfieaf sI - PrIdf jy qUM akil lqIPu kfly ilKu nf lyK. - jy ienHF iliKaf huMdf, PrIdf jy qUM akl lqIP puwTy ilK nf lyK; qF mYN kdy vI puwTf lwlf nf pfAuNdf qy nf hI PYÁsUÌIaF ilKdf.


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Èbd aMbI bfvn aCr lok qRY sBu kCu ienhI mfih. - kbIr Every thing exists in the word. - Pablo Neruda Èbd iensfn dI sB qoN vwzI isrjxf hY. ieMjn dI eIjfd, cMn AuWqy bMdy df Auqfrf qy bxfAutI jIn Gene dI kfZ qy hor sB kfZF Èbd dI isrjxf qoN hyc hn. bolI ÈbdF dI anMq mflLf hY. bolI sfzI gwl suxdI hY. Èbd bMdy dy bhuq nyVy hY. bolI ivc srkfrF dy aihdnfmy huMdy hn. bolI ivc iekrfr huMdf hY. bolI ivc gunfh df iekbfl huMdf hY. Èbd qoN pihlF nfd jF DÍnI sI. sMsikRq ivc Èbd df arQ hI DÍnI hY. kflIdfs dy nftkF, Bgvq gIqf qy mnuismrqI ivc vI Èbd ‘Èbd` DÍnI vjoN hI vriqaf igaf hY. BfrqI drÈn kihMdf hY ik Èbd hI bRhm hY. nfnk ny afiKaf sI: sbdu gurU. nfm, gurU qy Èbd gurbfxI dIaF iqMn kuMjIaF hn: ies jgu mih sbdu krxI hY sfru. ibn sbdY horu mohu gubfru] sbdY nfmu rKY AuirDfir. sbdY giq miq moK duafr] - pRBfqI mhlf ]ñ« nfnk ijs Èbd dI gwl krdy hn, Auh bRhm hI hY. iehI sbdu moK hY. pr nfnk nUM ies lok df ikhVf Èbd sB qoN vD ky ipafrf lwgdf hoeygf - sfvx jF ruxJux? quhfnUM ikhVf Èbd sB qoN vD ipafrf lgdf hY? ieh svfl ijMnf sOKf hY, iehdf jvfb dyxf Enf hI aOKf hY. qusIN ieh svfl apxy afp nUM puwCo, apxy ipafiraF nUM puwCo. ÈbdF dI ieh Kyz KyzidaF qusIN apxI rUh dy eynf nyVy ho jfAugy, ijMny Èfied pihlF kdy nhIN hoey hoxy. rUh nUM jgfAu. Kvry awgoN ieh vfh swjx afK quhfzI bFh pkV quhfnUM iksy nvIN dunIaf vl lY KVy. sfzf mn hr Èbd nfÜ sur hoieaf huMdf hY. iksy bol dy Aucrn nfÜ, suxn nfÜ jF pVHn nfÜ mn dIaF qrbF iCV jFdIaF hn. hr Èbd df ieiqhfs hMudf hY. iksy Èbd nfÜ sfzf irÈqf Aus ivc nvyN rMg Brdf hY, ijsqoN asIN pihlF axjfx rhy huMdy hF. Auh rMg ijnHF dy hfly koeI nF nhIN hn. ijMny jIv, Eny rMg. rMgF nUM jgfAu. jfgxf iewko Èbd hY, pr jfgIaF awKIaF df koeI pfrfvfr nhIN. sdf pRBfq df sUrj KuwlHy nYxF df dIdfr mMgdf hY. ivtgYWnÈtfeIn ilKdf hY - bolI nUM icqvx df mqlb hY, iËMdgI dI koeI nuhfr icqvxI. - Èbd bxI-suafrI pwkI iet vFÕ huMdy hn, ijnHF dI icxfeI nfÜ suhxI iemfrq AusrdI hY qy iPr ies iemfrq ivc Gr bxdf hY. eyhf myrf Gr hY. myrf sB qoN ipafrf Èbd hY - aMbI. iensfn ny afidkfl qoN asMK vfr aMbI nUM dyiKaf, Cuihaf, hwQ c ilaf, suMiGaf, cUipaf qy KfDf hoeygf. ieh cfry igafn ieMdrIaF ies Èbd df lhU-mfs hn. ies Èbd dy AuciraF pMjvIN ihws jfgdI hY. iehI DÍnI iehdI rUh hY. ieh DÍnI bcpn ivc AUVf AUT, aYVf aMb isKx qoN lY ky hux qk skUl dI GMtI jF jlqrMg vFÕ vwjdI rhI hY. XfdF dIaF anyk qrbF qrMgF iCV jFdIaF hn - cyqr df mhInf hY. lUMeIN Put rhI hY. ruwq bdl rhI

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hY. hvf aMbIaF dy bUr nfÜ rsI peI hY. inwkf inwkf idl Kuwsdf hY. CyqI skUly iemiqhfnF dy prcy pYxy hn.

pYnisl nfÜ vfhy ieh qy hor icqR qurkI dy klfkfr Éfn gunyr dI ikrq hY

sMsikRq Èbd afmr ivwcoN ivgisaf Èbd aMbI sfnUM apxI bolI dIaF jVHF qy puriKaF nfÜ joV idMdf hY. myry vfsqy jo ies Èbd dy arQ hn, Auh hor iksy leI nhIN ho skdy. BfvyN ieh Èbd mYN afp nhIN GiVaf, pr ies nfÜ irÈqf myrf apxf hY. iehdI cox vI myrI apxI hY. iehdy jo mfanI ieh lyK ilKidaF pYdf ho rhy hn, Auh Èfied muV nhIN hoxy. ieh pihlF jy kdy sn, qF mYnUM pqf nhIN sI. Èbd df smyN nfÜ aYsf irÈqf mYN pihlF kdy nhIN sI mihsUs kIqf. Èbd lhU ivc jnimaf DVkdf aMDkfry ijsm ivc ivgisaf qy hoTF qy mUMh QfxIN prvfË BrI. Bry pUry iensfnI Èbd dy nfÜ nfÜ KLfmoÈI afeI bolI vflLF dy isry qk awpVdI hY mMUh boldf hY pr buwlH nhIN ihwldy acfnk awKF Èbd huMdIaF hn. Èbd kwc nUM kwc, lhU nUM lhU qy iËMdgI nUM iËMgdI bxfAuNdy hn. - pfblo nrUdf vrqmfn qy iehdy aqIq df afpsI irÈqf ieiqhfs huMdf hY. buwD afKdf hY - vrqmfn Auh nhIN, jo hux hY; sgoN afAux vflLf, vfprn vflLf pl vrqmfn hY. ieiqhfs dI ies boDI Dfrxf ivc aqIq qy vrqmfn df Auh irÈqf hY, jo jMm rhy bwcy qy pRsUq pIVf df huMdf hY. Èbd qoN pihlF drs huMdf hY. bwcf bolx iswKx qoN pihlF dyKdf qy pCfxdf hY. dyKx nfÜ ies dunIaf ivc sfzI QF bxdI hY. asIN ies dunIaF nUM ÈbdF ivc ibafn krdy hF. pr Èbd kdy vI ieh gwl JuTlf nhIN skdy ik asIN dunIaf ivc iGry hoey hF: asIN jo dyKdy hF aqy asIN jo jfxdy


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hF, ieh irÈqf kdy vI qYa nhIN huMdf. asIN sUrj asq huMdf dyKdy hF. asIN jfxdy huMdy hF ik DrqI sUrj qoN prHy ho rhI hY. pr igafn qy ivafiKaf df afps c mylL nhIN huMdf. ÈbdF qy drs ivcflLy sdf bxy rihMdy Kwpy bfry awqXQfrQvfdI icqRkfr rYny mYgirt dI pyNitMg hY: supinaF dI kMujI. GoVy dI vfhI Èkl hyTF iliKaf hoieaf hY: drvfËf. GVI hyTF hvf, jg hyTF pMCI aqy sUtkys hyTF JolLf. (jOnH brjr, vyaË afwv sIieMg, lMdn, 1972) supny ivc drvfËf aMb vI ho skdf hY, pr jfgx ivc nhIN. GoVf GoVf hI hoeygf, BfvyN ieh Aus skUl mfstr dy afKx vFÕ Goaf qF ho skdf hY, jo VfVf nhIN sI bol skdf. aMbI nUM aMbI bxfAux vflLf Èbd aMbI hI hY. aMbI dI DÍnI ivc lokF df, aMbI df sdIaF df irÈqf kÈId hoieaf suxINdf hY. iesy sdkf ieh pMjfbI dy hornF ÈbdF nfÜ sihjqf nfÜ juVI hoeI hY. ies Èbd df smfjI kfrj iehdI DÍnI ivc sfkfr hY. Èbd aMbI boilaF iehdf BfÈfeI kfrj qYa huMdf hY. ieh kfrj kI hY? ieh lokF dy afpsI irÈiqaF nUM qy ÈYaF nfÜ lokF dy irÈiqaF nUM gfeIz krdf hY. (Ì[ imKfeIloÌ, d` irzl afwv d` sYlÌ, mfsko, 1980) ikhf jFdf hY ik Èbd hiQafr huMdy hn. hiQafr kfhdy leI huMdy hn? apxI ihÌfËq leI qy/jF duÈmx nUM mfrn leI. duÈmx kOx huMdf hY? srvivafpk arQF ivc afËfdI Kohx vflLf. duÈmx df vsIlf vI qF Èbd hI huMdy hn. afËfdI df vYrI BfÈf hI nhIN, hr ÈYa iBwt idMdf hY. hux qk sfry jfbr ieMj hI krdy afey hn. ienHF sfry jfbrF dy vrqy sfry ÈbdF dy jvfb ivc myry kolL iewko hI Èbd hY - aMbI. kI Èbd aMbI cUpx Kfx vflLy gdrfey gUVHy hry jF sMDUrI rMg dy imwTy PlL df nF hY jF ieh iksy hor siQqI df pRqIk hY? prdysI pMjfbIaF Éfskr duafbIaF vfsqy aMbI df anoKf mukfm hY - Cwz ky dys duafbf aMbIaF nUM qrsyNgI. - dys duafbf Cwz ky bMdf inrIaF aMbIaF nUM hI nhIN qrsdf - bfgIN aMbIaF pwkIaF[[[. prdysIaF leI aMbI byvqnI, qrsyvyN qy ÈYaF (ijvyN Duwp) Kuws jfx df pRqIk ho geI hY. ienHF leI ieh Pl BfvyN vrijq nhIN, pr asvIikRq (zInfeIz) ËrUr hY: bfgIN mor boly idl Kuwsdf ipaf ikQy aMbF df hY bUr ieho lBdf irhf aMgryËI df iewko-iek Èbd tYlIÌon mYnUM cMgf lgdf hY. ijhVI bolI mYnUM irËk idMdI hY, ijs bolI ivc myry bwcy myry nfÜ gwl krdy hn; Auh myry leI eynI EprI hY, mYnUM pihlF nhIN sI pqf. ies vrHy (1990) dy pihly idn mYN jnIvf sivtËrlYNz bËurg sfDU isMG DfmI koÜ sI. mYN ienHF nUM puwiCaf - quhfzf sB qoN ipafrf Èbd ikhVf hY?- ienHF ibnF soicaF afiKaf - qMU. - mYnUM lwigaf, ienHF ny vfk lY ky mYnUM ies vrHy df nF suxfieaf hY. myrI rUh ÉuÈ ho geI. hor Èbd jo myry bhuq nyVy hn - guVHqI, swDr, algLoËy, kxk, iqRkfl sMDXf, syj, aimRqvylf. afdIaf qy nyhf, jo myrIaF DIaF dy nF hn aqy myrI iksy kivqf dI icxy gey Èbd (kOlirj ny kivqf dI isÌq dwsI sI - The best possible words in the best possible order): Xfd qF huMdI nIlI iqqlI plkF `qy jo af ky bihMdI


8

XfdF aMdr XfdF buxdI Xfd qF huMdI kOl mihMdI df aMb df bUtf mor dI pfiel icwtf hMs qy kflLI bwdlI iek hor Èbd hY, ijhnUM ismridaF mYN bVy sfl pihlF kivqf ilKI sI - iksy vI sfË df nF lAu. - Auh Èbd ies kivqf ivc nhIN. Auh kI hY? ieh vwKrI khfxI hY. nfnk sbid imlfvVf nf vyCoVf hoie. Èbd Aucry jfx qoN bfad ÉfmoÈI ivc ZÜ jFdf hY.

ÈhIdI df rumFs afAu ÈhId hoeIey - gLdr dI gUMj, 1914 ÈhIdI hI jIvn hY - sMq ispfhI, 1989 pMjfbI, AurdU, ÌfrsI qy arbI dI qkrIbn sfrI qrwkIpsMd ÈfierI ivc ÈhId qy lhU df iËkr vfr-vfr afAuNdf hY. pMjfbI lokDfrf vI isrF `qy KwPx bMnH ky mOq lfVI nUM prnfvx vrgy iesiqafiraF nfÜ BrI peI hY. iehdf ipCokV Drm hY. BfvyN ihMdU mq ivc ÈhIdI df sMboD isDFqk rUp ivc nhIN imÜdf; pr blI df sMboD ËrUr hY, ijs ivc mnuwK dI blI afm qOr `qy AuhdI mrËI dy iÉlfÌ idwqI jFdI hY. kurfn ivc ÈhId qy jwnq df keI QfeIN iËkr afAuNdf hY. ÈhId iswDf jwnq Éudf dy hËUr ivc jFdf hY. jwnq dy cfr drjy hn: pihly ivc pYgLMbr, dUjy ivc eImfn vflLy qy qIjy ivc ÈhId huMdy hn aqy cOQy ivc afm nyk bMdy (sUrf-ey-insf 4 - afieq 69). Éudf AunHF ƒ ienfm qy mnpsMd dI roËI irËk dyvygf qy jwnqIaF nUM Auh sB kuJ imlLygf, jo ies jhfn ivc nhIN imlLdf. vwzIaF-vwzIaF awKIaF vflLIaF hUrF hoxgIaF, jo ingfhF nIvINaF rKdIaF hoxgIaF. (sUrf-ey-sÌf 3: 37-afieqF 48 qy 49). AuQy Auh iek dUsry qoN Èrfb dy jfm Jpt ilaf krngy, pr ijnHF dy pIx nfÜ koeI nÈf nhIN hoeygf aqy nf hI koeI gunfh kI bfq aqy moqIaF vrgy lONzy (iglmfn) iÉdmqgfr AunHF dy aflLyduaflLy iPrngy (sUrf-ey-qUr 52 - afieqF 23 qy 24).

sMn 1965 c ihMdI c bxI ÈhId iÌlm c mnoj kumfr Bgq isMG dI sFg lf irhf hY

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kurfn ivc drj hY ik jo lok Éudf dy rfh ivc mfry jfx, AunHF dI insbq ieh afKxf ik Auh mry hoey hn; Auh murdf nhIN, sgoN iËMdf hn, lyikn qusIN nhIN jfxdy (sUrf-ey-bkrf 2 - afieq 154). Auh Éudf dy nËdIk iËMdf hn qy AunHF nUM irËk iml irhf hY. jo kuJ Éudf ny AunHF nUM apxy ÌËloN bKLÈ riKaf hY, Auh Ausy ivc ÉuÈ hn. jo lok AunHF dy ipwCy rih gey aqy ÈhId ho ky AunHF ivc Èfiml nhIN ho sky, AunHF dI insbq ÉuÈIaF mnf rhy hn ik ikLafmq dy idn AunHF nUM vI nf koeI ÉOÌ hoeygf qy nf hI gLmnfk hoxgy. jy qusIN Éudf dy rsqy ivc mfry jfAu jF mr jfAu, qF qusIN Éudf dy hËUr ËrUr iekwTy kIqy jfAugy (sUrf-ey-afly iemrfn 3- afieqF 157-158). jwnq ivc mOq nhIN. AuQy koeI iewCf nhIN. ies leI aOrq mrd df srIrk mylL nhIN hMudf. BuwK qyh nhIN lgdI. Èrfb imlLdI hY, pr niÈAuN bgLYr. gurbfxI ivc ÈhId df iËkr iek-awD vfr hI hoieaf hY. nfnk jI ilKdy hn: pIr pYgMmr sflk sfdk suhdy afAur shId (isrI astpdI, pMnf õó). BfeI gurdfs ny iliKaf sI: murdf hoie murId n glIN hovxf. sbr isdk shId Brm BAu Kovxf] aQvf murId amlI jIvn nfÜ hI bxdf hY, gwlF nfÜ nhIN. Auh sB qrHF dy Brm BAu dUr kr idMdf hY aqy sbr isdk nfÜ afpf vfr idMdf hY. lONgovflLIey sMq hrcMd isMG ny ieh inafrI gwl dwsI sI ik ÈhId Auh huMdf hY, jo lohy dy hiQafr nfÜ mry. ÈhId dI lMmI ivafiKaf sO sfKI ivc vI drj hY. koeI ivdvfn sO sfKI nUM iswkybMd ilKq nhIN mMndf, pr afm ÈrDfvfn mMndf hY. ies ivc drj hY ik dsvyN gurU ny iswKF nUM dwisaf ik ÈhId kubyr qy Bvrlok ivc rihMdy hn aqy ‘jo cFhdy so pFvdy hYn`. isrÌ ÈhId hox vflLf hI jnm mrn dy gyV qoN mukq huMdf hY qy AuhdI curfsI kwtI jFdI hY. jo ÈhId nhIN huMdf, Auh buËidl hY qy Auh curfsI dy gyV ivc Pisaf rihMdf hY. ies ivafiKaf ipwCy ihMdU imiQhfs hY. iek vfr dsm pfqÈfh qoN iswKF ny puwiCaf - gurU jI, ÈhId kOx huMdy hn? ienHF dI krm krqUq bfry sfnUM dwso. - gurU jI df Auqr ieAuN sI - iswKo, qusIN mYnUM gupq gwl bfry ieh puwC kIqI hY. gurU apxy lokF nUM hËUrI ivc rKdf hY. Auh apxy iswKF dI riCaf krdf hY. kiljug dy smyN gurU afjVI vFÕUM apxy iswKF nfÜ vrqdf hY. Auh apxy iswKF nUM apxI mrËI anusfr qordf hY. jy iswK isdk ivc pUrf hovy, Auh rxBUmIaF df nfiek hY qy Bvjl nUM pfr krdf hY. buËidl lokIN jnm mrn dy gyV ivc Psy rihMdy hn. gurU apxy iswKF smyq apxy murIdF dI AuzIk krdf hY. ijhVf vI afAuNdf hY, Auh sMgq ivc rlLdf jFdf hY. gurU AunHF nUM swcf Drm isKfl ky sMsfr sfgr qoN pfr krdf hY. ÈhId kubyr dI ngrI qy Bvlok ivc rihMdy hn. AunHF dI hr iewCf pUrn huMdI hY. BUqF pRyqF, rfKÈF, afdmIaF, pÈUaF, swpF, pMCIaF, jKF, gMDrvF qy apwCrfvF AuWqy AunHF df hukm cldf hY. jmdUq vI AunHF dI slfh lYNdy hn. ÈfsqrF ivc AunHF nUM byqfl qy ividafDr ikhf igaf hY. AunHF dy anuXfeI AunHF dI pUjf krdy hn qy apxIaF iewCfvF AunHF qoN mMnvfAuNdy hn. duwK suwK AunHF QfxIN imlLdy hn. dyvqy BrqKMz dI iËMmyvfrI AunHF nUM dy ky surgF ivc jf bYTy hn. AunHF ivwcoN keI ivÈyÈ pdvIaF AuWqy iesiQq hn. ÈhId vI keI pRkfr dy hn. aMn, bsqr qy vfhn AunHF dy vws ivc hn. Auh sB dIpF qy KMzF dI sYl krdy hn. Auh jnm mrn dy gyV qoN bfhr hn. gurU AunHF dI riCaf krdf hY, afjVI vFÕUM. aMjIl dy 23vyN Bjn ivc iliKaf hY - pRBU myrf afjVI hY; mYnUM iksy cIË dI loV nhIN. ies sdI ivc gLdr lihr dy kvI mOq jF ÈhIdI nUM ies hwd qk vizafAuNdy rhy ik AunHF dy kibq pVH ky lgdf hY, ijvyN ÈhId hoxf hI AunHF dI iËMdgI qy lihr df mksd sI. gfny bMnH lAu hwQ ÈhIdIaF dy

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lV ky mro jF mfrny hfr ho jfAu. nfm AunHF df ivc jhfn roÈn ijnHF ÈOk ÈhIdIaF pfvny df. pf leIey ÈhIdI isMG Èyr sj ky bxI isr ÈyrF dI kI jfxf Bwj ky. ajy vI vkq kuC lut lO ÉËfinaF nUM KwuilHaf duafrf hY ÈhIdIaF dy pOx df. aMq BfgF vfilLaF nUM imlLdI ÈhIdI vIro dyÈ dy ipafiraF dy kMm hY clOx df. kfierF nUM klMk lwgy sUrmf ÈhId hovy Dfr lO ierfdf vIro Bfrq bcOx df. - sfry hvfly Êdr dI gUMj ivwcoN ÈhIdI dI rvfieq dI aglI kVI bwbr akflI lihr sI. bwbrF dI koeI ilKq nhIN imlLdI, pr AunHF dy Dfrimk ipCokV nUM dyKIey, qF ÈhId hox dI gwl smJ afAuNdI hY. ies qoN aglI kVI hY Bgq isMG, jo pMjfb dI smUh cyqnf df atuwt aMg bx cuwkf hY. ieh apxIaF ilKqF ivc kdy vI Èhfdq df isDFq nhIN bxfAuNdf, pr iehnUM acyqn ÈhId hox dI lflsf sI. ies bfry iehny apxy GridaF ƒ aMq vyly ilKI icwTI ivc vI kIqf sI. (ieqflvI mfrksvfdI icMqk grfmÈI ny apxI mOq qoN pihlF apxI pqnI nUM iliKaf sI: lok BfvyN kuJ vI afKx jF socx, nfiek jF ÈhId hox dI myrI Auwkf hI koeI ÉfhÈ nhIN.) Bgq isMG nUM ËfqI dihÈqpsMdI dy mfrU ÌlsÌy dI kMgflI df jyl jf ky pqf lwgf sI. pr iehdf ieh pRbuwD mfrksI icMqk vfÜf pwK afm lokF nUM pqf nhIN; jy pqf hoey, qF axizwT kr idMdy hn. pr koeI hYrfnI vflLI gwl nhIN ik Bgq isMG dI qsvIr lokF dy mnF ivc icMqk vflLI nhIN, mOq lfVI prnfvx cVHy lfVy vflLI hY. iehdI PFsI qoN Jt ipwCoN ilKI geI GoVI sfihq klf df kuhjf nmUnf hY, pr ies ivc lok mn df aks hY. ieh GoVI ÈhIdI df Èfierfnf pRgtfvf hY, ijs ivc XugFqrI (eyjlYWs) qrs hY (Kfx hMZfx qoN ibnF jvfnI vfry qur jfx df), nfiekqv hY qy sMqpuxf vI (sMsfrk suwKF nUM nkfrn df). mOq lfVI nUM sMBogx dI klpnf krnI dIrG mnorog hY. Bgq isMG qoN lY ky nkslbfVI lihr qk dy lMmy vkPy ivc isrÌ AUDm isMG df hI iËkr afAuNdf hY, ijhdy ËfqI aYkÈn dI mihmf dyr nfÜ hoxI ÈurU hoeI. AUDm isMG klfisk arQF ivc ËfqI dihÈqpsMd sI. iehdf smfjI ienklfb jF jwQybMd lihr ivc koeI XkIn nhIN sI. iehdI iËMdgI df iek-nukfqI pRogrfm sI - bdlf lYxf qy ÈhId hoxf. ieh ivcfrn vflLI gwl hY ik pMjfb dI kimAuinst lihr dI nINh rKx vflLy ikrqIaF ny ÈhIdI nUM vizafieaf nhIN. Èfied ikrqI pfrtI dy afgU ÈhId Éfqr ÈhIdIaF pfx vfÜIaF lihrF (Êdr qy bwbr) df hÈr dyK cuwky sn aqy ienHF sfhmxy rUs dy smfjvfdI ienklfb df nmUnf sI. pUrbI pMjfb dI nkslI lihr df Durf BfvyN iksfnI mfniskqf vflLf mfEvfd sI qy nkslI isafsI sfihq ivc ikqy vI mOq nUM iËMdgI qoN vD vizafx dI gwl nËr nhIN afAuNdI. pr pMjfb ivc

11

bMgfl qoN mwlomwlI iKwc ky ilaFdI ieh lihr mfrks dy afKx vFÕ pihlF cl cuwkIaF dihÈqpsMd lihrF nUM hfsohIxy (ÌfrsIkl) qrIky nfÜ duhrf rhI sI. iswK Dfrimk ieiqhfs iehdI pRyrxf sI. pUrbI pMjfb ivc ËfqI dihÈqpsMdI dy ies dOr qoN kuJ sfl pihlF Xuvk kyNdr nF dI sMsQf ny kOmI lihr dy XoiDaF dI Xfd iËMdf rKx leI ssqy Bfa vflLf sfihq vsIh pwDr `qy vMizaf sI. ies sfihq ivc koeI ivigafnk ivÈlyÈx nhIN sI huMdf qy mOq dy rumFs nUM Èih idwqI huMdI sI. Xuvk kyNdrI sfihq dy pryry keI nOjvfn mfEvfdI lihr ivc Èfiml ho apxIaF jfnF vfr gey. pr kyNdr df iek vI afgU lihr ivc Èfiml nhIN sI hoieaf. ËfqI dihÈqpsMdI dy ÌlsÌy dI pryrI qkrIbn sfrI ‘nkslI` kivqf ÈhId qy lhU dy gLYrhXfqI dy iesiqafiraF nfÜ BrI peI hY. ieMj lgdf hY ik kvI sfihbfn CyqI qoN CyqI ÈhId hoxf cfhuMdy hn. AunHF leI iËMdgI ijvyN koeI pfp hY. jsvMq isMG kMvl df nfvl lhU (XfnI ÈhIdI) dI loa bhuq mihMgf hox krky ipMzF dy nOjvfn pYsy pf ky KLrIddy sn qy Pyr rÜ ky pVHdy huMdy sn. ieh nfvl pVH ky iksy ny mYnUM afiKaf sI - afpF koeI aYsf kMm krIey, jIhdy nfÜ ÈhId ho jfeIey! - gurÈrn isMG ny ies nfvl df zrfmf bxfieaf qy nF rwiKaf: qUM ÉudkuÈI kryNgf, asIN ÈhId hovFgy. pUrbI pMjfb dy mfEvfdIaF dy iksy toly dy isDFqk prcy df nF sI: ÈhId. AudoN ku hI kYnyzf ivc ÈfierI dI ikqfb CpI, ijhdf nF sI - mkql. kvIaF dI qIjI pMjfbI pIVHI AuWqy ÌYË dI ÈfierI df bVf asr hY. ÌYË mkql, lhU vgLYrf df vfr vfr iËkr krdf hY. kuJ nmUny: dfr kI rwsIAuN ky gulUbMd grdn myN phny hUey. hkL kI slIb pr apnf qn sjf kr. slIb-Au-dfr sjfAu ik jÈn kf idn hY. ÌYË mOq nUM muslmfn dIaF nËrF nfÜ dyKdf hY, kimAuinst dIaF nËrF nhIN. iek hor kvI ahmd PrfË ny ÈhIdF bfry apxI kivqf ivc ÌYË nUM vI mfq pf idwqf: qfËf ÉUn kI ÉuÈbUeyN af rhI hYN. ieh drasl sYkÙs df isMbl hY. hux svflF df svfl ieh hY ik iksy iswK jF muslmfn dI agly jhfn dy lflc ivc ÈhId hox dI lflsf qF smJ afAuNdI hY, pr kimAuinstF nUM kfhdf loB hY? ienHF df svrg-nrk ivc koeI XkIn nhIN. iesy jhfn nUM svrg bxfAuxf ienHF df afdrÈ hY. Pyr pMjfbI kimAuinst ÈhIdI nUM eynf vizafAuNdy ikAuN hn? Ëfihr hY, sMskfrF qoN mukq hox nUM keI sdIaF lgdIaF hn. ËfqI dihÈqpsMdI qy hoNdvfd ivckfr ivc bfrIk Ìrk hY. ÈhId hox qury qy iksy hoNdvfdI dI ieh iewko ijhI soc huMdI hY ik mOq hI bMdy dI hoxI bxfAuNdI hY. sfrqr vI kihMdf hY ik mOq bMdy dI hoNd df qwq (aYsYNs) huMdI hY. mOq dI iewCf krn vflLf drasl mOq nfÜ lgfqfr sfVf kr irhf huMdf hY. Auh jIAux jogf nhIN huMdf, pr mrn nUM iqafr huMdf hY. AuhnUM mOq ivc iËMdgI nËr afAuNdI hY. mOq hI AuhdI iewko iek AumId rih jFdI hY. ieh AuhdI iËMdgI df sfrQk aMg bx jFdI hY. AuhdI soc jIAuNdy bMidaF nfÜ nhIN; mry hoey, ÈhId hoey bMidaF nfÜ iGr jFdI hY. ieh iensfnI hflfq qoN srIhx BFj huMdI hY. mOq lfVI prnfvx ciVHaf apxy afp nUM vws kr lYNdf hY. Auh ieh mMn lYNdf hY ik Auhdf duÈmx Auhdy nfÜoN vwzf qy aijq hY. nhIN qF, ÈhIdI df iqafr ipaf bftf nhIN pIqf jf skdf. ieh injvfd qy svY-pRym dI hwd hY. Èhfdq mOq df jÈn huMdI hY. ieh agly hox vflLy aYkÈn nUM rok idMdI hY qy ieh afs vI Cwz idMdI hY ik iËMdgI nUM bdlxf bMdy df hI kMm hY. iekwlf bMdf pRkyvl (aYbsolIAUt) ho jFdf hY.

12

ÌrFsIsI ilKfrI aFdry mflro dy cInI ienklfb bfry ilKy nfvl d` hIAumn kMzIÈn df pRsMg hY: dihÈqpsMd afgU cYWn apxy sfQI nUM ÉudkuÈI dy imÈn `qy jfx leI kihMdf hY. awgoN sfAuaYWn jvfb idMdf hY: cYWn, mYN qyry ijMnf isafxf qF nhIN. pr mYN[[[mYN apxy lokF vfsqy lV irhf hF, apxy leI nhIN. mOq dy sohly nf gfAux df mqlb jwdojihd qoN Bwjxf nhIN hMudf. nfqÙsIvfd ivruD jUJx vfilLaF bfry bxI rUsI iÌlm df bVf suhxf nF hY: Auh mrnf nhIN sn cfhuMdy. pMjfbIaF nfÜ bVy vwzy-vwzy sfky hoey hn. duwK huMdf hY ik Bgq isMG vrgf pRbuwD ivakqI inwkI Aumry hI alop ho igaf. iehny mYN nfsqk ikAuN hF lyK ivc iliKaf sI: mYN apxI iËMdgI afdrÈ vfsqy kurbfn kr dyxI hY. ies qoN ibnF mYnUM hor kfhdf Drvfs hY? iksy afsqk ihMdU nUM qF agly jnm ivc bfdÈfh bxn dI afs ho skdI hY. koeI muslmfn jF eIsfeI apxIaF aOkVF qy kurbfnIaF bdly svrg dIaF aYÈo-ieÈrqF dI klpnf kr skdf hY. pr mYN iks gwl dI afs rwKF? mYnUM pqf hY, ijs pl myry glL ivc PFsI df rwsf ipaf qy myry pYrF hyToN qÉqy KolH idwqy gey, qF Auh myrf afiKLrI pl hoeygf. myrf jF vydFqk bolI c afKIey, myrI afqmf df iblkul KLfqmf ho jfeygf. ies pl ipwCoN kuJ vI nhIN hoxf. jy ienfm dI gwl krn df hOslf krF, qF Èfndfr aMq qoN vFJI jwdojhd BrI CotI-ijhI iËMdgfnI hI myrf ienfm hoeygI. ies qoN vD qF kuJ nhIN. qurkI kvI nfËm ihkmq dI rubfeI hY: iek idn mF kudrq mYnUM afKygI: bs kr hux, myry bwcy. qyrf hfsf vI muwikaf qy hMJU vI. Pyr asgfh anMq iËMdgI ÈurU hoeygI; nf dyKx, nf bolx qy nf socx dI iËMdgI.- ihkmq apxI iek hor rubfeI ivc mOq nUM ieMj ibafn krdf hY: alivdf dunIaf. mrhbf kfienfq.- inkrfguaf df kvI arnYsqo kfrdynfÜ afKdf hY: qfiraF BrI anMq kfÜI rfq iek dUjy nUM ipafr krdy iensfnF nfÜ BrI DrqI hI jwnq hY iehI ÉudfeI slqnq hY bwcy nUM cuMmxf GuwtvIN glvkVI c bwJy aOrq mrd hwQF nUM dulfrdy hwQ moZy `qy itkI inwkVI-ijhI hQylI iensfn nUM Cuh irhf iensfn iensfnI cmVI nfÜ iensfnI cmVI dy sumyl df mqlb hY kfmryz apxI AuNgÜ nfÜ kimAuinËm nUM Cuhxf jwnq nUM Cuhxf.

13

Bgq isMG dI qsvIr

sfzy koÜ Bgq isMG dIaF kul cfr qsvIrF hn - bcpn vyly dI ijs ivc Bgq isMG dy hwQ vI idsdy hn; dUjI nYÈnl kflj lhOr dI zrfmf klwb dI gruwp Ìoto ivwcoN kwZI tOrHy vfÜI pwg vflLI; qIjI puls ihrfsq ivc mMjI AuWqy bYTy dI aqy top vflLI. sB qoN vD mkbUl top vflLI qsvIr hI hY. ieh qsvIr BfvyN klf df koeI cMgf nmUnf nhIN, pr ieh sfzy leI bhuq kuJ hY. mYN hux ies qsvIr bfry gwl krnI hY. ies sdI ivc pMjfb ivc ijMnI Bgq isMG dy nF dI soBf hoeI, AunI iksy dI nhIN hoeI. iswK gurUaF ijMnf ipafr qy ÈrDf lokF dy mnF ivc Bgq isMG vfsqy vI hY. nfnk jF goibMd isMG qy Bgq isMG dI qsvIr ivc eynf hI Ìrk hY ik gurUaF dI mUrq ÌrËI hY, pr Bgq isMG dI nhIN. aqy ieh hr iksy dy eynf nyVy qy eynf apxy vrgf hY ik ies awgy koeI mwQf qF BfvyN tykdf hoey, pr mMnqF nhIN mMndf hoxf. pr apxI iËMdgI qy kurbfnI sdkf Bgq isMG afm bMdy dy apxy vrgf huMidaF vI eynf ku vwKrf ËrUr hY, ijsqoN aihsfnmMdI, ieËq qy ÈrDf ÈurU huMdI hY. ZfibaF qy nfeIaF dIaF hwtIaF ivc ltkdy kYlMzrF, trwkF dIaF bfrIaF qy irkiÈaF dy ipCfVI, myilaF ivc ivkdy ikwisaF icwiTaF dy mohry Bgq isMG dI top vflLI mUrq afm nËr afAuNdI hY. kuVIaF ies mUrq df ksIdf kZdIaF hn. top qy muwCF nUM Cwz ky hr mUrq ivc nYx-nkÈF c ipaf Ìrk jF qF mUrq nUM suhjf bxf idMdf hY jF kuhjf; pr iehdf sunyhf kdy nhIN bdldf; ieh afid-jugfdI ju ho igaf hY. ieh qsvIr Bgq isMG ny btukyÈvr dwq nfÜ jf ky kÈmIrI gyt idwlI dy ÌotogrfÌr rfm nfQ qoN 9 apRYl 1929 vflLy idn pfrlImYNt ivc bMb suwtx qy igRÌqfr hox qoN kuJ idn pihlF iKcvfeI sI. iewko idn iewko vyly awgV-ipwCV iKcvfeIaF PotoaF ivc dwq ny isr `qy top nhIN ilaf hoieaf. Èfied Auh top lYxoN sMÕdf hoeygf. nfÜy ieh Bgq isMG ijMnf ÈOkIn vI nhIN sI. dwq qsvIr ivc kYmry jF drÈk vl nhIN dyK irhf. afm lokF Bfxy Bgq isMG dwq iewko bMdy df nF hY. Bgq isMG dI ieh qsvIr iËMdfidlI, sfdgI qy inhcy df inÈfn hY. afp ÉrIdy ÌYlt hYt nUM pf ky Bgq isMG


14

bFkf CYl jvfn nËr afAuNdf hY. (iehnUM iÌlmF dyKx df bVf ÈOk sI). pr eynf jYNtlmYn vI nhIN ik top nfÜ jYkt pf lYNdf. BfvyN inrI kmIË nfÜ pfieaf top byZbf lgdf hY, pr ies qoN msqI JlkdI hY. iehny jyl coN icwTI ilK ky ‘ÈYkspIarI` kflrF vflLI kmIË mMgvfeI sI. muwCF qy GMzI vflLI mËbUq grdn qoN mrdfngI ËkdI hY aqy apxI mF vrgIaF supneI awKF qy TozI qoN inhcf. buwlHF ivc sMvydnf hY. rfm nfQ ieh qF jfxdf hI hoxf hY ik Bgq isMG mÌrUr hY. pqf nhIN iehdI ieh mUrq lFhidaF iehnUM iehdI qvfrIKLI aihmIaq df pqf sI jF nhIN; pr Bgq isMG dwq nUM ËrUr pqf sI. ieh mUrq vfprn vflLI bhuq vwzI Gtnf vl ieÈfrf hY. ikMnf cMgf huMdf, jy rfm nfQ ienHF dIaF hor qsvIrF vI lfh ky rK lYNdf. bhuq Gt qsvIrF huMdIaF hn, ijnHF dy isrlyK dyx jF ilKx dI ËrUrq nhIN huMdI. Bgq isMG dI ieh qsvIr vI aYsIaF qsvIrF ivc Èumfr huMdI hY. ÌrFsIsI ÌYlsUÌ rolF bfrq dy kihx vFÕ qsvIr df isrlyK jF qF qsvIr nUM Auicafx vfsqy ilKIdf hY, jF qrs pYdf krn leI qy jF koeI mnqk dyx vfsqy. Bgq isMG lok mn ivc eynf vwisaf hoieaf hY ik iehdI iek Jlk mfqr hI apxy afp nUM AuicaFdI vI hY qy qrs vI pYdf krdI hY. puls vflLy ÈnfÉq vfsqy mulËm dy glL ivc nMbr vflLI slyt pf ky sfhmixAuN qy pfisAuN ÌotoaF Auqfrdy hMudy hn. iksy nUM pqf nhIN ik idwlI jF lhOr puls ny Bgq isMG dIaF ieho ijhIaF qsvIrF iKwcIaF sn jF nhIN. jy ikqy ieh lB pYx, qF Bgq isMG AunHF ivc ikhf ijhf nËr afAuNdf hovygf? top qF AunHF c kdy ho nhIN ho skdf. kuJ idnF dI krVbrVI dfhVI hoeygI. qÈwdd dy JMby hoey Bgq isMG dy Qwky hoey muwKVy `qy top vflLI qsvIr vflLI alsfht qy jlfl BfvyN nf hovy, pr inhcf ËrUr hoeygf. Bgq isMG ny amrIkf rihMdy apxy grfeIN amr cMd nUM meI 1927 ivc icwTI ilKI sI: “vIr myrI ivdyÈ jf ky qflIm hfisl krn dI KLfhÈ ÉUb brbfd ho geI.`` jy Bgq isMG dI ieh KLfhÈ pUrI hoeI huMdI jF ieh hornF pMjfbI ienklfbIaF vFÕ rUs igaf hMudf, qF iehnUM pfsport vfsqy Ìoto ËrUr iKcvfxI pYxI sI. pfsport vflLI Ìoto ivc top nhIN pfeIdf. qF vI top vflLI qsvIr vFÕ pfsport dI qsvIr df mUMh BivK vl huMdf. puls dI lfhI qsvIr df mMUh hmyÈf aqIq vl huMdf hY. pulsIey qsIhy vI bIqy vyly dIaF qihaF Polx leI idMdy hn. puls ihrfsq ivc BivK alop ho jFdf hY. Bgq isMG dI ies qsvIr dI iek hor isÌq ieh vI hY ik ieh irafsq (styt) df lokF AuWqy miVHaf hoieaf iemyj nhIN. asIN lokF ny iehnUM eys leI sFB-sFB rwiKaf hY, ikAuNik ieh sfnUM ipafrf lgdf hY. eys ipafr ivc rihMdI dunIaf qk koeI Ìrk nhIN pYxf. ieh qsvIr dyKx vflLy vl dosqI df hwQ vDfAuNdI hY. iehdy aYn Ault sqfiln dI qsvIr vI hY. pMjfb srkfr ny Bgq isMG dI ies qsvIr nUM bdlx dI iÌrkfiÌrsq koiÈÈ kIqI sI. icqRkfr amr isMG bFsl ny top lfh ky pwg rK idwqI. iehI hfl AUDm isMG dI qsvIr df hoieaf. pMjfb srkfr nUM qF kI doÈ idwqf jf skdf hY. bVy sfl pihlF ikrqI pfrtI dy bfibaF ny krqfr isMG srfBy dI imlLdI iewkoiek boidaF vflLI qsvIr ivc aimRqsr dy guridafl isMG ÌotogrfÌr nUM afK ky BwdI-ijhI pwg bMnHvf idwqI sI. Bgq isMG dI mMjI vflLI qsvIr ivc nfÜ jo sIafeIzI df bMdf bYTf hY, Auh hux bxfey jFdy kYlMzrF ivc BfeI rxDIr isMG bxfieaf hMudf hY.

15

ijAuN mOq Aumr nUM vDxoN XklÉq rok idMdI hY, ievyN kYmry dI kilk vyly dy anMq vihx nUM qoV ky drj kr lYNdI hY. qsvIr ruky hoey vyly dI snd huMdI hY. awj asIN awsI sflF df bfbf Bgq isMG nhIN icqv skdy. Bgq isMG dI ieh qsvIr sdf bhfr ruwq dI inÈfnI hY. lok amr ibMb dI lflsf kridaF bhuqI vyr KLudgLrË qy byikrk vI huMdy hn. pr Bgq isMG dy krIbI sfkF KLfs krky iehdI mF leI mOq df rumFs koeI mfany nhIN rKdf hoxf. AuhdI qF dunIaf luwtI geI sI. ieh qsvIr mF nUM swlHdI hoxI hY. Bgq isMG dI ieh qsvIr pMjfb dI kOmI qsvIr hY. ieh jo sfzIaF nËrF ivc hY, Auh gLYr-pMjfbIaF dIaF nËrF c nhIN ho skdf. sovIaq rUs dy iksy smuMdrI jhfË df nF Bgq isMG sI. pr kI Aus jhfË df kpqfn qy jhfËI Bgq isMG nUM sfzy vFÕ hI ipafr krdy hoxgy?

kvIEvfc

icqRkfr pRym isMG[ 1990 mnuwKI idmfgL aYsf kMpIAUtr hY, jo brYÈt dy kihx vFÕ, Bfvnf nfÜ socdf hY. iËMdgI dy anMq ibMb qy pRqIk ies ivc ÌIz huMdy rihMdy hn. koeI adf, qwkxI jF Cuh kivqf df sivc aOn kr idMdI hY. mYN kuVI qy nyrHI kivqf afvyÈ ivc ilKI sI. kivqf ilKx vyly idl qyË DVkx lgdf hY qy sfrI ibrqI ijvyN klm dI nok `qy itkI huMdI hY. rfijMdr isMG bydI ny ikhf sI ik Aus pl jF Éudf huMdf hY jF ilKx vflLy dI klm. ies avsQf qoN bfad kivqf dI soD afvyÈ qoN bfhrI huMdI hY. keI kivqfvF qF kfgLË `qy Auqrn qoN pihlF ikMnf icr iËhn ivc hI bxdIaF rihMdIaF hn. sfeIkl clfAuNidaF nF dI kivqf mYN keI mhIny sfeIkl clfAuNidaF ilKdf irhf sI. kivqf ivc iek nhIN, ikMnIaF qsvIrF huMdIaF hn. icqRkfr vI kivqf ilKdy hn. husYn dIaF kuJ nËmF mYnUM cyqy hn, pr ipkfso dIaF isr `qoN dI lMG geIaF sn. ijvyN bxI pyNitMg coN bfhr ikMnf kuJ ipaf huMdf hY - ikMny rMg, ikMnIaF ryKfvF, ikMnIaF CuhF; jo kYnvs c afeIaF nhIN huMdIaF jF af ky inklL geIaF huMdIaF hn. Auh kI vfikaf hI byloVIaF hMudIaF hn? AuvyN hI ilKI kivqf qoN bfhr vI ikMnf kuJ rih igaf huMdf hY, ijhdI pqf kivqf ilKx vflLy nUM hI huMdf hY.

16

kuVI qy nyrHI nF dI kivqf mYN afvfrgI dy idnIN ilKI sI. cMzIgVH nfÜ myrf ijMnf ipafr hY, AunI hI nÌrq. cMzIgVH dI Xfd nfÜ qpy hoey rfhvF AuWqy BfdoN dy CwrfitaF nfÜ AuzI DUV dI gMD af jFdI hY; jF lYNzskyp AuBrdf hY - iek hwQ bhuq AuWcI afDuink iemfrq hY qy dUjy hwQ dumyl qfeIN bIafbfn qpdI DrqI. EQy myrf mylL rMgmMc dI adfkfrf arcnf nfÜ hoieaf sI. Auhdy KLfvMd dI ikrpf sI ik mYN AunHF dy pirvfr df jIa bx igaf sI. asIN cfr-pMj dosq brYÈt dy nftk cfwk srkl (prfeI kuwK) dI iqafrI ivc ruwJy iqRkflLF vyly bYTy jhfn Br dIaF gwlF krdy. arcnf apxy pihlF Kyzy nftkF dy lMmy-lMmy zfielOg aYkitMg kr-kr suxfAuNdI qy asIN hws-hws dohry huMdy jFdy. Pyr iek dUjy qoN awk jFdy, cuwp kr jFdy qy ies cuwp nUM qoVn leI rfq dy pihly pihr ivc-ivc koeI nf koeI rsqf kZ hI lYNdy. iek idn asIN qpIaF hoeIaF kMDF dI huwt ivc bYTy sI. sfzy kolL ibjlI df pwKf vI nf sI. acfnk afsmfn ivc gihr Cf geI. arcnf dyvI isr AuWqy cuMnI bMnHI, goizaF AuWqy kUhxIaF itkfeI apxf mwQf PVI bYTI sI. aMnHyrI afAux vflLI sI. Auh sq ky kihx lwgI - eys nyrHI dI ksr rih geI sI. vfDU df gMd. huxy suMbr ky htI hF. ieh vI kI iËMdgI hY! - myry kMn AuhdI vl sn, pr nËrF KMBF nfÜ grd AuVf rhI icVI vl sn. mYN ikhf - arcnf, nyrHI GVI nUM afAuNdI aY, qF huxy eI af jfey prHF. nyrHI afAU, qF mINh pAUgf. jfn qF rqf sOKI hoeygI. - nfÜ hI mYnUM apxI inwkI BqIjI mMnI df cyqf afieaf, jo nyrHI qoN eynf zrdI sI ik Auhny JuMglLmftf mfr ky bih jfxf. pMjfb df soicaF jo qsvIr myrIaF awKF awgy afAuNdI hY, Auh hY - Duwp dI lUhI hoeI vIrfn DrqI AuWqy Ëihrmhury rMg dy awk AuWgy hoey hn qy gfhI hoeI kxk dI qUVI qy vroilLaF nfÜ BrI kflLI nyrHI cVHI hoeI hY. ies hvf ivc sfh lYxf vI aOKf hY. cMzIgVH sfzy itkfxy dy bfhr sVk dy dohIN pfsIN amlqfs dy ruwK lwgy hoey sn. Br grmI ivc iKVy amlqfs dy gUVHy pIlLy Puwl bVy suhxy lwgxy. nyrHI ny afAuxf qy Auhny apxy nfÜ ieh suhxy Puwl vI AuVf ky lY jfxy. mYnUM pIlLy ryÈmI ilbfs vflLI aOrq df iKLafl afAuxf, ijhnUM mYN pihlI vfr cuMimaF sI. ienHF sfrIaF socF dI Èkl bxn lwgI - mMnI nyrHI qoN bhuq zrdI hY; arcnf nUM gMd pY jfx dI icMqf hY. amlqfs myry vFÕ suhxy pIlLy rMg qoN vFJy ho jfxgy; tfhxIaF tuwt jfxgIaF. pr koeI gwl nhIN, nyrHI nfÜ mINh vI afAuNdf hY. qy ies qrHF kivqf bx geI. ivÈfl arQF vflLI kivqf. mYN kivqf iewko sfhy ilK igaf. dubfrf pVHI. iqMn lÌË hor pfey - ‘pMKyrU mr jfxgy` aqy aÉIr c ‘ieh kuVI nhIN jfxdI`. ies sqr nfÜ kivqf df dfierf pUrf ho igaf. kuVI mMnI jF arcnf nf ho ky smfjI qbdIlI qoN BYaBIq ivakqI ho geI. nyrHI qy mINh ienklfb dI aiBMn qbfhI qy AusfrI dy pRqIk ho gey. arcnf nUM imilLaF jugVy bIq gey hn. kuJ irÈqy suwK-sunyhVy dy muQfj vI nhIN huMdy. kdy imlLy, qF mYN Auhƒ ieh kivqf suxfvFgf. mMnI hux ds sfl dI ho geI hY. Auh afp vI aMgryËI c kivqf ilKx lg peI hY. iksy vyly AuhƒUM ies kivqf bfry dwsFgf. Auh ÉuÈ hoeygI, pr nyrHI nUM cyqy krky kI pqf Auh kI mihsUs kry? [1981

17

kuVI qy nyrHI ieh kuVI nyrHI qoN bhuq zrdI hY kihMdI hY - nyrHI afeygI sfry gMd pY jfeygf amlqfs dy suhxy suhxy Puwl JV jfxgy ruwKF dy tfhx tuwt jfxgy pMKyrU mr jfxgy ieh kuVI nhIN jfxdI - nyrHI afeygI nfÜ brKf ilafeygI sfry TMZ vrq jfeygI amlqfs dIaF nfVF c sfvf qfËf ÉUn dOVygf aglI ruwqy Puwl hor suhxy hoxgy hor gUVHy pIlLy ieh kuVI nhIN jfxdI

kivqf qy supnf

Poesy alone can tell her dreams. – Keats kivqf idl dy nyVy huMdI hY. bhuq Gt kivqfvF bMdy nUM socx lfAuNdIaF hn. ivcfrF df Ausdfd kvI brYÈt sI. iehny afiKaf sI - aihsfs nfÜ soco.

18

cMgI kivqf jF koeI gIq sux ky mn JUm AuTdf hY qy mUMhoN afpmuhfrI vfh-vfh inklLdI hY. pr ies vfh-vfh df kfrx lBxf sOKf nhIN huMdf. dlIl nfÜ vizafeI kr skxI vI sOKI nhIN huMdI. pwCmI pMjfbI kvI mËhr iqrmËI myrf swjx hY. ieh jd vI koeI kivqf ilKy, qF pihlF mYnUM suxfAuNdf hY. iehny mYnUM kivqf supnf suxfAuxI ÈurU kIqI. jd iehny dUjI sqr pVHI, qF myrI sfrI ibrqI ies kivqf nfÜ juV geI. nfÜ hI mYnUM ieh zr-ijhf lgx ipaf ik ikqy sfzy keI agfhFvDUaF vFÕ ies supny bfry nf dwsx lg pey. jd ieh kivqf suxf hitaf, qF myrf zr JUTf inkilLaf. mYN suwK df sfh ilaf qy cfa ciVHaf ik sfzI pMjfbI ÈfierI ivc iek hor cMgI kivqf df vfDf hoieaf hY. mYN iehnUM afK ky ieh kivqf dUjI-qIjI vfr suxI qy mgroN keI vfr pVHI hY. dunIaf dI hr bolI ny kivqf ivc supnf ilaf hY. mÈhUr aMgryËI kivqf kublf KLfn pihlF supny c ilKI geI sI. mYN afp keI vfr supny c kivqf ilKI jF socI hY, pr jfgx-sfr Buwl jFdI hY. awqXQfrQvfdI kivqf qy icqRklf df sfrf dfromdfr nINd vflLy supny hI huMdy hn; BfvyN kivqf qy icqRklf AuWqy ‘awqXQfrQvfd` df Twpf nf vI lfeIey, qF koeI Ìrk nhIN pYNdf. kivqf dy supny, iensfnIaq dy sFJy supny qy nINd vflLy supny ivcflLy AuhI Ìrk huMdf hY, ijho ijhf klm qy ilKy gIq df hMudf hY. idmfgLI sfieMs dy mfihr qF iehI dwsdy hn ik hr bMdf suwiqaF do GMty supny lYNdf hY. jd gUVHI nINdy supnf afAuNdf hY, qF sfrf srIr pUrI qrHF suMn hoieaf huMdf hY. mfJy dI suafxI gfAuNdI hY - awDI rfqIN supnf vficaf[[[. Ìrfiez, XuMg qy ÌrOm vrgy idlF dy vYd supinaF df afpo-apxf mqlb kZdy hn. nINd df supnf bMdy dy vws nhIN huMdf, pr jfgdf supnf huMdf hY. mYN mËhr dI kivqf dy jfgdy supny dI gwl krnI hY. iehdI iksy hor kivqf df imsrf hY - mYN Aus nINdr sOxf, ijs ivc bMdf apxI jfg df supnf qwkdf hY. mËhr dI nvIN kivqf iesy jfgdy supny bfry hY. ies kivqf dI vwzI isÌq iehI hY ik iehny apxy supny dI ivafiKaf nhIN kIqI. jy ieh ies pfsy pY jFdf, qF gwl nhIN sI bxnI. cMgy kvI hox dy nfqy iehny ieMj krnf nhIN sI. aMgryË kvI jOnH brjr ilKdf hY ik kivqf aslIaq nUM imstIÌfeI krdI hY. ibMb qy pRqIk kivqf df qfxfpytf hMudy hn. pr smfjI qbdIlI qy qrwkI cfhux vflLy qy nf cfhx vflLy dI kivqf ivc Ëfhrf qOr `qy Ìrk huMdf hY. mohn isMG qy jsvMq isMG nykI dI imstIÌIkyÈn iewko ijhI nhIN. smfjI qrwkI cfhux vflLf klfkfr srjn vFÕ igafn ieMdrIaF suMn krky ahur dI qih qk jfx dI koiÈÈ krdf hY qy Auhdf ielfj krn dI vI. msqI vflLy kvI nUM smfj dI kI icMqf? bVf icr pihlF mYN lfqInI amrIkf dy isafsI kYdIaF dI sFJI ilKI kivqf df qrjmf kIqf sI - sfzy supny df mycf afËfdI hY.- hlvfrvI dI iksy kivqf df imsrf hY - mYnUM supny hr QF afAuNdy ny. mËhr dI kivqf df supnf sfzf sfiraF df sFJf supnf hY. ieh mfsUmIaq, bgLfvq, afËfdI, ielm qy mOq nUM sr krn df icMnH hY. ieh supny dy vYrIaF nUM vMgfr irhf hY. ieh kivqf supinaF df mYnIÌYsto hY. jOnH brjr ilKdf hY ik kivqf bolI nfÜ gwloVIaF krdI hY. bolI sfzI gwl suxdI hY. bolI sfzy eyny nyVy hY, ijMnI nyVy nf qF KLfmoÈI ho skdI hY qy nf hI koeI rwb. kivqf Èfhrg qoN vI vD ky sfzy nyVy hY. srkfrI ibafnF, ÉuÈk irportF ivc jo byvfsqgI huMdI hY, kivqf AuhnUM Éqm krky ‘kyairMg` (vfsqf) pYdf krdI hY. brjr agFh ilKdf hY ik hr Èfhkfr kivqf mOilk huMdI hY. ieh apxy mUl vl jFdI hY, ijs mUl sdkf hux qk hr ÈYa hoeI-QIvI hY. dUjf ieh ies ilhfË nfÜ mOilk huMdI hY ik pihlF kdy ieh vfprI nhIN huMdI. isrÌ kivqf ivc ieh dohvyN Bfv (hox qy pihlI vfr hox dy) ieksur huMdy hn qy iek dUjy dy ivroDI nhIN huMdy.

19

mËhr dI ieh kivqf sfnUM iensfn dy mUl vl lY jFdI hY - iensfn dI afid-anMq jigafsf, ijhdy sdkf hI Auh awj qfeIN apV sikaf hY. pihlF iksy ny ieMj supnf nhIN sI ilaf. ies kivqf ivc rfq qy idn df ivroDfBfs (pYrfzOks) nËr afAuNdf hY. ies supny dI rfq nhIN muwkdI idn kMDIN af ciVHaf ieQy rfq pihlI vfr swcfeI dy rUp c pyÈ hoeI hY qy idn kUV dy rUp ivc. kivqf dIaF afiKLrI do sqrF vjUdIaq (asisqvvfd) jfpdIaF hn. ieh ÌlsÌf ieiqhfs nUM rwd krdf hY; qbkfqI jwdojihd qoN ienkfrI hY qy injvfd df isrf hY. pr ies kivqf df mrnf anMq sMqfp hY. iesy ivwcoN hXfqI dI jwdojihd inklLdI hY. gXfnf dys dy kvI mfritn kfrtr ny vI iliKaf hY: kivqfvF jF mr rhy lokF leI ilKIaF jFdIaF hn jF axjMimaF leI asIN jo swcIaF kivqfvF cfhuMdy hF asF nUM muV jMmxf peygf qy muV jMmx leI mrnf vI ËrUrI hY mËhr dI ieh kivqf sux ky lgdf hY, ieh qF myrf supnf hY. sfzy vFÕ sfzy supny vI hfxI hn. mUMhoN duaf inklLdI hY - Èflf, sfzy supny kdy nf muwkx. supnf ieh supnf mYN awj koeI pihlI vfr nhIN qwikaf mYN ieh supnf inwkf huMdf qwkdf af irhf hF. ieh supnf myry nfÜ skUly piVHaf isKr dupihrIN lukdf lukdf ieÈk dI pOVI ciVHaf. ies supny dy cfnx kolLoN Gor hnyrf ziraf ies supny dy qÉq `qy bih ky cfry aflm iPiraf jo nhIN qwkxf Auh qwikaf jo nhIN suxnf Auh suixaf. ies supny dI rfq nhIN muwkdI idn kMDIN af ciVHaf ies supny dI rIq anoKI ijs qwikaf inq miraf.


20

pMjfbI isafsI kivqf isafsqI sfihq ijMnf pMjfbI bolI ivc iliKaf igaf hY, Enf Èfied iksy hor bolI ivc nhIN. vIhvIN sdI dy ipCly awD dy pMjfbI sfihq ivwcoN jy sMn sMqflLI bfry iliKaf sfihq pfsy kr deIey, qF bfkI bVf QohVf sfihq bcdf hY. sfihq qy isafsq df afpsI irÈqf hY jF nhIN, ies bfry iswDV bihs krI jfx nfÜoN ies gwl dI pycIdgI bfry gwl krnI ËrUrI hY. pMjfbI lyKk awj vI sMn sMqflLI bfry ilK rhy hn. pr aMimRqf pRIqm dI Aus iek kivqf qoN Cuwt hor iksy rcnf ny lokF dy mnF ivc Gr nhIN kIqf. AurdU lyKk ieMqËfr husYn dI ieh gwl shI hY ik iÌrkU Ìsfd iksy ieiqhfsk Gtnf df mUl muwdf jF sihj (aOrgYink) aMg nhIN ho skdy. jy pMjfbI ilKfrI eyny hI scyq qy hwsfs sn, qF 1947 qoN pihlF dI ies vfprn vflLI hoxI bfry koeI rcnf ikAuN nhIN imlLdI? sMn sMqflLI mgroN Bfrq-cIn, Bfrq-pfik, vIaqnfm jMg qy iPr bMglfdyÈ pMjfbI ilKfrIaF nUM inhmq bx ky bhuVy qy ienHF bfry Zyr sfrf sfihq ricaf igaf. qy hux pMjfb ivc ËYl isMG, ieMdrf qy iBMzrFvflLy dI iqkVI ny jo pMjfbIaF AuWqy kihr Zfieaf, Auh qF hfly kwlH dIaF gwlF hn. sMn 84 dy sfky nfÜ pMjfbI sfihq ivc qF lkIr iKwcI geI ik kOx ikhVy pfsy KVHf hY? ies qoN pihlF apxy afp nUM agfhFvDU aKvfAuxf ÌYÈn sI. keI kihMdy-khfAuNdy ilKfrIaF df iÌrkfiÌrsq rMg AuGV afieaf. hr ivcfrDfrf dy ilKfrIaF ny ieh sunihrI mOkf vrq ky ÉUb klm afËmfeI. sfihqk msilHaF bfry mYN pRym pRkfÈ nfÜ icwTI-pqR krdf rihMdf hF. sfihq ivc pey ies Br bfry myry sMsy bfbq pRym jI ny jo mYnUM icwTI ilKI, Auh mYN pfTkF nUM pVHfAuxI cfhuMdf hF. [[[47 dy ÌsfdF bfry pMjfbI c sfrf sfihq mfVf nhIN iliKaf igaf. AuNj bhuqf sfihq Kfd df vI kMm krdf huMdf ey. ÌsfdF bfry ‘rudn` qrs qy sdBfvnf pYdf krn dy mnorQ nfÜ iliKaf sfihq vfkeI GtIaf huMdf ey. eysy qrHF nIly qfry bfry iliKaf sfihq iek pwDr qoN AuWcf nhIN AuT sikaf. pr iehdy psmMËr c ilKy sfihq nfÜ XkInn vDIaf sfihq hovygf. ijvyN 47 dy ÌsfdF bfry ivrk dIaF khfxIaF ny. ijvyN AurdU adb c mMto dIaF khfxIaF aqy bydI dI khfxI lfjvMqI ey. pr hMgfmI hflq bfry kivqf pihl krdI ey, ijhdy ivc jËby df dKLl bhuqf huMdf ey qy sUJ df Gt. ÈAUr df dKLl iÌkÈn nfÜ huMdf ey.[[[ 84 dy GwlUGfry bfry mYN koeI khfxI nhIN ilK sikaf. eys dOr ivc mYN hor iviÈaF bfry socdf qy ilKdf irhF[[[. AudoN mYnUM mfrksvfdI icMqkF df BfeI vIr isMG `qy lfieaf doÈ ÌËUl lwigaf ik Auh mfVy idnF c ipafr dIaF gwlF krdf irhf. ienHF hflqF bfry mYN vI iek khfxI ‘pMjvF jxf` ilKI. pr gwl nhIN bxI. iek hor ilKx lwigaf sI, pr ilK nhIN sikaf. eys bfry mYN buVyH [surjIq hFs] nfÜ vI gwl kIqI sI. Auhdf iKLafl ey ik keI GtnfvF eyzIaF vwzIaF huMdIaF ny ik sfzI pkV c nhIN afAuNdIaF[[[. eysy qrHF pMjfb c jo kuJ ho irhf ey, mYN AuhdI isafsq qy ieiqhfsk psmMËr nUM smJx qoN asmrQ hF. mYnUM qF hux lgdf hY ik mYN isafsq nUM AuWkf nhIN smJ skdf. ijhVy mfrksvfdI dosq iehnUM smJx df dfavf krdy ny, Auh JUT boldy lgdy ny. myrf iKLafl ey ik GtnfvF bIqx `qy hI AunHF dI smJ afAux lgdI ey. Auhdy pRBfv bMidaF dy ivhfr coN 50 virHaF qk lBdy rihMdy ny. eysy qrHF sfihq c lBdy ny. 47 dy ÌsfdF dy pRBfv myry awj dy sfihq c vI lwBy jf skdy ny. 84 dy hflfq qF hfly jfrI ny. sfihq qoN eyzI kfhlL dI afs nhIN krnI cfhIdI. myrf qF sfihq dI ÈkqI bfry BulyKf Éqm ho igaf ey. sfihq smfj nUM bdlx leI jo kuJ awDI sdI c krdf ey, isafsqdfn Auh iek vrHy c kr skdy ny. sfihq df rol qF mfVy shfiek ijhf ey. pMjfb ivc agFhvDU sfihqk lihr ny ipCly 45 virHaF c ijhVIaF mwlF mfrIaF sn, Auh iÌrkU isafsq ny isrÌ do virHaF c Kuwzy lf idwqIaF[[[. iek svfl eys pirsiQqI c bhuq aihm ho igaf ey. mYN bhuq pihlF vI


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kRFqIkfrI soc dIaF jVHF Dfrmk ivcfrF, sMskfrF qy ieiqhfs coN lBx df ivroDI sI. eysy leI mYN gurU goibMd isMG nUM sfihq c nfiek bxfAux df ivroDI sI. pRym pRkfÈ ny sfihq dI ÈkqI nUM BulyKf afiKaf hY. jd kuJ lok iensfnIaq df Gx kr rhy hox, qF ies hflq ivc sfihq jF dlIl dI ÈkqI `qy Èk hoxf jfieË hI hY. ieho ijhI ÈkqIhIxqf dUjI vwzI jMg dOrfn nfqÙsIvfd dy ËulmF awgy keI lyKkF ny mihsUs kIqI sI. ies sdI dy vwzy aMgryË kvI zblXU aYWc aOzn nUM vI afKxf ipaf sI ik AuhdI koeI kivqf iksy XhUdI jF kimAuinst dI iËMdgI nhIN sI bcf skI. spyn dI jMg ivc jfn kurbfn vflLy kvI jOnH kOrnÌrz ny kivqf ilKI sI: We can do nothing to ease that pain. But prove the agony was not in vain. CyvyN dhfky dy awD ivc pMjfbI kivqf ivc mDvrgI inpuMskqf nUM rumfnI rMgq ivc pyÈ krn df rujhfn cwilaf sI. ies qrHF kuJ kivqfvF iÈv kumfr qy mIÈy ny ilKIaF sI. mIÈy dI kivqf cIk bulbulI dI crcf hoeI sI. asIN qwqy suBfa vflLy ienHF kvIaF df mKOl AuzfAuNdy huMdy sI. dUjy pfsy jgqfr vrigaF dI ilKI ÈorIlI kivqf cMgI lgdI sI. kuJ iensfnI hflqF bVIaF nftkI huMdIaF hn. kfql dI golLI nfÜ dm qoV rhy iensfn dI iÌlm bxfAuNdy ÌotogrfÌr sfhmxy Drm sMkt huMdf hY - mr rhy iensfn nUM bcfAuxf ËrUrI hY, jF AuhdI Ìoto iKwcxI? vIaqnfm jMg ivc aMgryË ÌotogrfÌr zOn mYkuieiln df iehI hfl hoieaf sI. AuhnUM mr irhF nUM dyKidaF kuJ nf krn df Jorf hY. cy guvfrf afp zfktr sI. jMg lVidaF AuhnUM ÌYslf krnf ipaf sI: jF bMdUk jF dvfeIaF df QYlf? Auhny bMdUk cuwkI sI. awj dy pMjfbI rudn lyKkF dI bhuqy lyKkF dI svY nfÜ, nf smfj nfÜ qy nf Èbd nfÜ koeI kimtmYNt hY. ieh mukfx dyx afeIaF cilqrI qIvINaF hn. cYKov ny iliKaf sI: koeI muhwbq ivc, vYdgI ivc JUT bol skdf hY. ies qrHF bVf kuJ huMdf irhf hY. pr klf ivc koeI JUT nhIN bol skdf. pr awj qF JUT dI cVH mcI hoeI hY.

pfÈ dI kivqf nkslbfVI dOr dI pMjfbI juJfr kivqf sfzf ivrsf hY. ieh kivqf dunIaf dy ienklfbI sfihq df sihj aMg hY. pMjfb ivc nkslbfVI lihr bMgfloN DUh ky ilaFdI geI sI. ies leI iehdI koeI isafsI pRfpqI qF koeI nhIN hoeI, sfihqk pRfpqI ËrUr hoeI. ies lihr ivc srgrm jF ies qoN pryry kvIaF ny pMjfbI sfihq ivc afeI sflF dI KVoq nUM iewko hlUxy nfÜ qoV idwqf. ihMdusqfn ivc sMn 1936 ivc ÈurU hoeI adbI qrwkIpsMd lihr swTF ivc af ky mwTI pY geI sI. aKOqI pRXogÈIl lihr ny koeI ds sfl ipV mwlI rwiKaf. rUp vjoN afDuink lgdI ieh lihr XUrp amrIkf dy burXvf aKLlfkI inGfr dI ipAuNd BfrqI sfihq dy nroey drwÉq `qy lfAuxf cfhuMdI sI. sMsfr ienklfbI lihr dI cVHq (lfqInI amrIkf, aÌrIkf, vIaqnfm qy 1968 dy pYirs) qy nkslbfVI df pRyiraf pMjfbI df pihlf sfihqk aMzrgrfAUNz prcf dsqfvyË Cpxf ÈurU hoieaf. ies prcy ivc Cpx vflLy kvI lfl isMG idl, pfÈ, sMq rfm AudfsI awgy cl ky ies dOr dy pRmuwK kvI mMny gey.

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pfÈ[ nkodr[ 1973[ Ìotokfr amrjIq cMdn pMjfbI kivqf dI rIq cflU ivhfr qy vyly dI hkUmq qoN nfbrI vflLI hY. ipClI sdI ivc Èfh muhMmd dI kivqf nfÜ pMjfbI sfihq df srUp kOmI ho igaf sI, ijhdf isKr ies sdI dy ÈurU ivc cwlI gLdr lihr dI ienkflbI kivqf sI. ies kivqf ivc inrI nfbrI nhIN sI, sgoN ikrqI iksfnF dy apxy rfj dy kfiem hox df afÈfvfd vI sI. ikrqI iksfn lihr ny lhOrI rfm pRdysI, srdfrf isMG XUQp, lfl isMG kMvr, hIrf isMG drd, lwKf isMG jOhr qy gurdfs rfm aflm vrgy kvI pYdf kIqy. pr gLdr gUMjF qoN lY ky PulvfVI prcy dy bMd hox qk (1955) dI kivqf df sfihqk muwl nf hox dy brfbr hY. juJfr kivqf qoN pihlF dy dOr ivc pMjfbI sfihq afm krky drimafny qbky dy lyKkF df isrÌ drimafny qbky dy anuBv df hI sfihq irhf. ies krky pMjfbI bolI df ivkfs vI sIimq irhf. isrÌ nvF anuBv hI ies sImf nUM qoV skdf sI. ies dOr ivc pihlI vfr gLrIb jwtF qy dilqF dI iËMdgI sfihq ivc pyÈ hoeI. nvyN ÈbdF, nvIaF qÈbIhF iesiqafiraF qy bolI dy nvyN hvfilaF df ivkfs hoieaf. nvIN kivqf ivc pihlF asloN luky rhI pMjfbI pyNzU iËMdgI dy pihlU idl, pfÈ qy AudfsI dI kivqf ivc pihlI vfr Aujfgr hoey. BuwK, nMg, kMgflI df spft ibafn pihlF ikrqI iksfn lihr ivc kfÌI ho cuwkf sI; pr Kyq dI vqr BoieM, kMzy dy ËÉm, koiTaF Aupr suwkdIaF sunihrI CwlIaF, bohlLF dI rfKI suwqy pey BuwKy kfimaF, isklIgrF, pMzoiraF ivc imhnqI hwQF nfÜ qfl idMdIaF kuVIaF vl pihlF iksy dI nËr nhIN sI geI. KLfs kr AudfsI dI kivqf ijQy afm lokF nUM smJ afAuNdI sI, AuQy ies ivc smfjI aslIaq dI bhuivDqf qy zUMGfeI dI Jlk vI nËr afAuNdI hY. sfzy styjI qy ikqfbI kivqf dI JUTI vMzI peI hoeI hY. pMjfbI qrwkIpsMd sfihq lokF bfry iliKaf sfihq hY, lokF vfsqy nhIN. muÈfieiraF qy isafsI jlisaF ivc pVHI jFdI lokF vfsqy ilKI kivqf df adbI muwl koeI nhIN qy adbI muwl vflLI kivqf df lokF leI koeI mqlb nhIN. pMjfb dy ipMz dI gwl AudfsI ny vI kIqI hY aqy idl qy pfÈ ny vI. pr idl qy pfÈ dI kivqf ikqfbI kivqf dy KLfny c afAuNdI hY. idl qy pfÈ df pfTk GtoGt skUl df piVHaf ËrUr hY. ies ivc iksy df doÈ nhIN. ienHF ny ivrsy c imlLI


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mohn isMG qy sMqoK isMG DIr dI rIq nUM hI awgy qoiraf. KwulHI kivqf nUM bImfrI iksy ny nhIN jfixaf. pr pfÈ nUM iehdf pqf lohkQf qoN bfad lg igaf sI. iehny AudoN juJfr kivqf dy iksy afp-sjy aflock nUM KuwlHI icwTI ivc iliKaf sI: kRFqIkfrI kivqf df pRclq rUp jy hux nf bdilaf igaf, qF ieh kyvl idmfgLI hwQrsI ho ky rih jfeygI. kRFqIkfrI sfihq nUM hux afm iensfn dy pRclq mfpdMzF vwl pryrn dI loV hY. awj dI kRFqIkfrI kivqf kyvl muwTIBr buDIjIvIaF, ividafrQIaF, aiDafpkF qy pVHy ilKy mulfËmF df prcfvf hI kr rhI hY. ijnHF lokF bfry ieh ilKI jf rhI hY, ijnHF lokF dy ihwqF dI ieh gwl krdI hY, AunHF nfÜ iehdf dUr df vI vfsqf nhIN. - rohly bfx, jnvrI 1972 pfÈ dI pRclq rUp qoN murfd pwCmI qrË dI KuwlHI kivqf qoN sI. EdoN hI iksy AuBrdy khfxIkfr ny Ausy prcy ivc iliKaf sI ik pfÈ ieh svfl afp-sjy aflock nUM puwCx dI QF apxy afp nUM ikAuN nhIN puwCdf? drasl pfÈ ieh svfl apxy afp nUM qy apxy nfÜ dy kvIaF nUM hI kr irhf sI. keI vfr svfl pfx vflLy nUM jvfb df pqf huMdf hY. pfÈ ny afp sCMd kivqf ilKx dI koiÈÈ kIqI (gIq, bolIaF vgLYrf), pr gwl nhIN bxI. iehdI qIsrI ikqfb sfzy simaF ivc (1978) iehdf ivÈfd nËr afAuNdf hY. ieh ikqfb ijQy pfÈ dI injI iËMdgI dI qMgI, icMqk byvsI qy isafsI smfjI sMkt dI pYdfvfr sI; AuQy ieh Aus sfihqk sImf df pRgtfvf vI sI, ijhdf iehny afp-sjy aflock nUM ilKI icwTI ivc kIqf sI qy ‘kfmryz nfÜ gwlbfq` krky vI. ieh lMmI kivqf drasl smuwcI sqfilnvfdI lihr nfÜ kIqf eykflfp hY. 1978 qoN lY ky 1988 qk dy pUry dhfky c pfÈ kolLoN kuJ igxqI dIaF kivqfvF hI ilK hoeIaF. iehdf kfrx ieh 13 jUn 1982 dI apxI zfierI c afp hI dsdf hY: cfr jnvrI 1974 nUM mYN afpxI zfierI ivc pqf nhIN iks ivÈvfs nfÜ aqy iks rAuN ivc iliKaf sI - ‘myrI kivqf kdI vI cuwp nhIN hoxI.` hux myrI kivqf nUM bfhr afieaF Cy vrHy hox lwgy hn, pr ajy vI mYnUM Dfrmk ijhf aMD-ivÈvfs hY ik ieh qF ho eI nhIN skdf. kyvl hoieaf ieh ik myry jIvn ivc GtnfvF dI iÌqrq bdl geI hY qy myrI gRihx krn dI sMvydnÈIlqf vI hor qrHF dI ho geI hY. ies nvIN iÌqrq aqy nvIN qrHF dI sMvydnÈIlqf df sumyl hoxf hI bfkI hY. ieh sB iek nvIN ÈYlI dI isrjxf df pRfiss hY. dyh nUM lwgy vYlF dI Aumr hux QohVI hI bfkI hY. ienHF dI mOq dI sog drI iekwTI krn ipwCoN hI kuJ iliKaf jf skygf. ieh ipCly Cy sfl mYN kdI ilKx dI loV vI qF mihsUs nhIN kIqI. iehI Zfrs dI gwl hY. mYN iËMdfbfd! jo kdy vI klm Dwky nfÜ nËm qrfÈI nhIN krdf. gwl hoeI nf? afKLr kivqf ilKxf kuwqI df sUaf qF nhIN! hr cMgf kvI iesy qrHF hI socdf hY jF AuhdI ieh KLfhÈ huMdI hY ik Auh kdy cuwp nf hovy. hr kvI dI iÌqrq bdldI rihMdI hY qy gRihx krn dI sMvydnf vI. pfÈ vrgf pRiqBvfn dI ilK skdf hY ik ieh klm nfÜ Dwkf nhIN krdf. Auhdy qKLlIkI aml bfry iewko ieMtrvIAu imlLdf hY, jo sMdrB nF dy prcy ivc 1978 ivc Cipaf sI. ies ivc mulfkfqI apxy vwloN hI Dfr lYNdf hY ik pfÈ pihlF bhuqy pfTkF vfsqy ilKdf sI qy aglIaF do ikqfbF iehny QohVy pfTkF vfsqy ilKIaF. drasl pfÈ df Gyrf iewko hI irhf. ieh gwl vwKrI hY ik pfÈ dI bVbolI kivqf dy pfTkF nUM iehdI sUKm kivqf Gt smJ afAux krky pihlF ijMnI cMgI nf lgdI hoeygI. ËfqI

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dihÈqpsMd lihr dI atwl hfr ipwCoN pihlF vflLI bVbolI kivqf ikvyN ilK skdf sI? hr cMgf kvI nvyN kfivk imQ isrjdf qy nfÜo-nfÜ AunHF nUM qoVdf vI jFdf hY. mYN qfiraF df sfhmxf krnf hY hfrn bfad koeI axKI ijvyN vYrI dIaF awKF c qwkdf hY mYN inwkI-inwkI loa ivc ikr geI gfnI vFÕ toh-toh ky apxf afp lBxf hY… eysy ieMtrvIAu ivc mulfkfqI pfÈ kolLoN ieh aKvf ky Cwzdf hY ik ipafr vrgy anuBv nUM ieh apxI kivqf df aMg eys leI nhIN bxf sikaf, ikAuNik nkslIaF nfÜ sur mylI rKx dI iehdI koeI dMBI mjbUrI sI. juJfr kvIaF dI rcnf ivc ipafr df bMDyj pihlF dy kvIaF nfÜoN ikqy Gt hY. ieh ikqy nhIN afKdy ik ipafr jF aOrq ienkflb dy rfh dI rukfvt hY. (AuNj pfÈ dI kivqf ‘mYN hux ivdf huMdf hF` Cpx vyly iehdy aOrq dy rvweIey krky krVI nukqfcInI hoeI sI.) iehny iliKaf sI ik ipafr kivqf kdy vI kfqlF dy hwk c nhIN Bugq skdI. pfblo nrUdf ny ikhf sI ik isafsI kivqf df rfh ipafr kivqf dy rfh coN inklLdf hY. nvyN kvIaF nUM isafsI kivqf krn qoN pihlF ipafr kivqf `qy hwQ afËmfAuxf cfhIdf hY. pMjfbI ivc hoieaf ieh hr koeI ÈurU hI isafsI kivqf qoN huMdf sI. ieh aOgux pMjfbI kvIaF nUM rUsI qy cInI smfjvfdI XQfrQvfdIaF qoN ivrsy c imilLaf sI. socx vflLI gwl hY ik pfÈ sfzy simaF ivc dI BUimkf ivc kmlf dfs dI kivqf nUM cMgI kivqf df nmUnf ikAuN kihMdf hY. aOrq nfÜ jy sfvF irÈqf pMjfbI smfj ivc bx nhIN sI skdf, qF pfÈ vrgf kvI AuhnUM kivqf c ikvyN GV skdf sI? pfÈ mgroN Cpy kuJ lyKF ivc iehnUM ‘CotI iksfnI df nuMmfieMdf kvI` bxf ky pyÈ kIqf igaf. afriQk qbkfqI KLfinaF ivc pfÈ nUM jF iksy hor nUM rKx nfÜ inaF nhIN ho skdf. ieh isry dI iswDV aflocnf hY. ieqflvI mfrksvfdI icMqk anqonIAu lYbrIAulf ny mfrksI isDFq nUM afriQk KLfinaF c rKx vfilLaF iKLlfP 1908 ivc iliKaf sI: mUrK ies ivDI nfÜ sfry ieiqhfs nUM vpfrIaF df Kfqf bxf dyxgy qy afiKLr dFqy dI ikrq zIvfeIn kOmyzI nUM kpVy dy toitaF df vhIKfqf bxf ky pyÈ krngy, ijnHF nUM vyc vyc ÌlorYNs dy Twg vpfrI aMnHI kmfeI krdy huMdy sI. mfrks drasl afriQk buinafd qy Ausfr dy afpsI irÈqy nUM guMJÜdfr irÈqf dsdf hY, iswD-pwDrf nhIN. pfÈ dI kivqf kuJ mrly KwiqaF, hfVI sOxI df, ptvfrI jF Èfh krfV dy kfgLËF vhIaF c drj ihMdisaF df ibafn nhIN; sgoN imhnqkÈ bMdy dI rUh df, iehdy inq dy jIx dI jwdojihd dI khfxI hY. pfÈ qoN pihlF sfry kvI CotI iksfnI dy hI Èfier sn; pr AunHF df iek vI imsrf iksy nUM Xfd nhIN. iksfn sBf df hr mYNbr kvI nhIN hMudf qy nf hr kimAuinst Èfier huMdf hY. awQrf roh juJfr kivqf df ÈoKL pihlU sI. ies roh nUM ËfqI dihÈqpsMd cfrUvfdI dOr ivc cwly aKOqI klcrl ienklfb dy hvfly nfÜ smiJaf jf skdf hY. AudoN pfÈ nUM, hor sfry kvIaF qy kfrkuMnF nUM lfiebRyrIaF lUhx vflLI qy kql krn qy ÈhId hoxf bVI vwzI gwl lgdI sI. iesy krky pfÈ EdoN ilKI kivqf ivc gLfilb qy tYgor dI dfhVI nOlLdf hY aqy pMjfbI dy Auny hI vwzy kvI vfirs Èfh nUM ‘smfj dy ipMzy `qy AuWgI Qohr vrgI lfÈ` dsdf hY. pfÈ ny mgroN ies gfhlI-

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gloc qoN iknfrf kr ilaf sI. iehny 1973 ivc hI Aus afp-sjy aflock nUM Ausy KwulHI icwTI ivc iliKaf sI ik juJfr kivqf df sfrf roh qÈwdd dy iKLlfÌ AuBiraf aMnHf Êuwusf hI hY. pr eyny vrHy bIq jfx `qy vI kuJ iswDV aflock cfrUvfdI dOr dIaF gfhlF nUM pfÈ df kfiv-suhj bxf ky pyÈ kr rhy hn qy afKdy hn: “Êuwsy dI awg nfÜ lfl surKL hoeI pfÈ dI kfiv-BfÈf afpxy suhj dy isKr `qy puwjI BfÈf hY.” lohkQf ivc ‘rfq ƒ’ qy ‘brsfq’ vrgIaF suhjIaF kivqfvF vl ienHF df iDafn ikAuN nhIN jFdf? pUrn isMG ny pVHn-pVHfx sfrf Cwz ky jwt-bUtF nfÜ XfrI lfeI sI. pfÈ dy mfmly c gwl AultI hoeI. hux jwt-bUt afp pVH ky akl nfÜ dosqI pf ky apxI hoxI afp apxy hwQ lYx leI jUJx lwgf sI. iehdI ‘zwb c supny sn qy ieh iksy vI sfmrfj qoN nhIN sI zrdf`. pfÈ df iekdm pMjfbI sfihq df sUhf qfrf bxn df vwzf kfrx ieh sI ik iehny kivqf dy purfxy imafr qoVy qy nvyN bxfey. icqRkfr vYngfg vFÕ pfÈ kflInF nfÜ sjI bYTk ivc ilbVIaF juwqIaF sxy af bYTf sI. ieh iËMdgI df awQrf bfl sI, lfzlf bwcf; ijhny kivqf ivc apxI sfrI iËwd pugfeI. nvyN AuBrdy kvI pfÈ dI rIsy Ausy pYgLMbrI aMdfË ivc ilKx lwgy, pr kfmXfb nf hoey. lohkQf ivclI kivqf kfql pfÈ dI ilKI hoeI nhIN. EdoN ieh pfÈ dI ilKI hoeI jfx ky ikqfb c pfeI geI sI. vfltr bYNjfimn ny ikhf sI ik hfiraf hoieaf nfiek cMgf socvfn bxdf hY. lohkQf qoN bfad dI sfrI kivqf hfry hoey nfiek dI socvfn kivqf hY. lohkQf df lVfkf muMzf vwzf ho ky duÈmxF nUM gfhlF kZx dI QF apxy puriKaF nfÜ, apxy afp nfÜ, apxy vrigaF nfÜ gwlF krn lwgf; ijnHF dy mVMgy guridafl isMG qy pRym gorKI dIaF khfxIaF dy pfqrF nfÜ rlLdy hn. pMjfb df ihMsk, qnhf, spft, kuhjf, klyÈ Biraf qy pRIq-ivhUxf lYNzskyp pihlI vfr pfÈ dI kivqf ivc smwgR rUp c pyÈ hoieaf. iÈv kumfr dI kivqf ivc pMjfbI lYNzskyp df tukiVaF c imQX-pRdrÈn huMdf hY; apxy asl rMg ivc qy smwgRqf df aMg bx ky nhIN. iksy dy qur jfx bfad AuhdI hr gwl hr vfrdfq eynI Tos qy XkInI ho jFdI hY, ijvyN qusIN AuhnUM hwQ lf ky mihsUs kr skdy ho. hux sfzy leI pfÈ df iliKaf hr awKr aihm ho igaf hY, BfvyN ieh Auhny iksy vI rAuN c iliKaf sI. iehdy ilKy dI vizafeI iehI hY ik pfTk iehdy inq nvyN mfany lBdy rihxgy.

II pfÈ dI kivqf dy do dOr hn - pihlf XuXuqsf qy dUsrf jigafsf df. iehdIaF pihlIaF do ikqfbF c XuXuqsf hY qy qIjI qy afiÉrI ikqfb c jigafsf. afiKLrI ikqfb bfry pfÈ afp hI afKdf hY ik iehdy ‘roh df kQfriss qy rP aYkspIrIaYNs` hY. ik ieh iqMn msilHaF nfÜ jUJidaF ilKI geI - 1) igafn dI smwisaf, 2) shI rfjnIqI dI smwisaf aqy 3) pfTkF dy TMZypn dI smwisaf. ieh iqMny mslHy vfikaf hI bVy zUMGy hn. ieh mslHy kvI dy hI nhIN, pfTk dy vI ho skdy hn. pfÈ ‘mrxAU burXvf` suhijaF nfÜ sMvfd kridaF ‘asIN` bx ky gwl krdf hY. pr iehdI sMq rfm AudfsI dI iksy hor QF kIqI vizafeI qoN Cut iehny apxI hI iDr dy smkflIaF bfry iek awKr vI nhIN iliKaf. lfl isMG idl bfry iehdI cuwp hor vI rVkdI hY, jd ik idl pfÈ nfÜoN iksy vI ilhfË nfÜ Gt smrwQ kvI nhIN hY.

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juJfr kivqf df isafsI smfjI ÌlsÌf BfvyN iek hY, pr iehdy hr kvI df kfiv suhj afpo apxf hY. pfÈ dy kfiv suhj dy icMqn dy ieÈfry iehdIaF apxIaF ilKqF ivc iKlry hoey hn - icwTIaF, zfierI, Ìutkl vfrqk qy ikqy-ikqy kivqfvF ivc. ieh afp afKdf hY ik iehdI kivqf df vwzf somf ‘Bfvnf dI qIKxqf` hY, ijs ipwCy drVy jf rhy iensfn dI gfQf vI hY; pr Ìrk roh-Bry afvyg dy bl df hY. ieh afvyg sfry kvIaF c iewko ijhf nhIN. iksy ny idl dI kivqf dy sur nUM smuwcI nkslI kivqf dI muwK Bfvnf df nFhpwKI rUp afiKaf sI. ies ilhfË nfÜ idl dI kivqf nUM juJfr kivqf kihx bfry muV qoN socxf peygf. pfÈ df roh bfkI kvIaF dI kivqf c nhIN hY. ienHF ny apxy qoN pihlF dI kivqf df DIrj qy sMjm kfÌI hwd qk apxfeI rwiKaf. pfÈ dI kivqf pRqIbwDqf df iewko imsrf iehdy kfiv suhj df sfr hY:‘asIN sfrf swcImuwcIN df dyKxf cfhuMdy hF.` ieh swcImuwcIN df sfrf kuJ iehdI kivqf dI kfrIgrI (qknIk) hY, iehI iehdf aMdfË hY qy iehI ÌlsÌf. aMgryËI kvI aOzn afKdf hY ik klf suhj qy swc dI iewCf coN pYdf huMdI hY qy ies soJI coN vI ik suhj qy swc dI hmyÈf twkr bxI rihMdI hY. pfÈ dy suhj qy swc ivc twkr awvl qF hY hI nhIN; jy ikqy pYdf hovy, qF ieh CyqI hI apxy afp nijwTI jFdI hY. pfÈ dI iek hor kivqf ienkfr hY: myry qoN afs nf kirAu mYN KyqF df puwq* ho ky quhfzy cgly hoey svfdF dI gwl krFgf myry qoN afs nf rwiKAu ik mYN KrgoÈ vFÕ rohIaF dI kUlI mihk nUM poly ijhy suMGF mYN hr kfsy nUM joqf lwgy hoey bld dy vFÕ KurlI AuWqy iswDf ho ky tkiraf hF * ies kivqf dy mUl nusKLy ivc KyqF df puwq ‘jwtF df puwq’ hY ies bMd ivc Bgvfn joÈ dy kihx vFÕ pfÈ dy kfiv suhj dI krfmfq hY, ÈbdF dI jgmg hY. pr ies ivc afpf-ivroD hY. apxy ibMb ivDfn ivc pfÈ smfj dy KrHvy swc nUM ‘jVHoN PV ky vgfh suwtx` dI koiÈÈ kridaF AuhnUM kivqf c muV kfiem krdf hY. rohI dI kUlLI mihk nUM KrgoÈ vFÕ suMGx df pRgqIvfd jF nkslvfd nfÜ kI ivroD ho skdf hY? Ëfihr hY, ieh ibMb pfÈ dI ies kivqf ivc pihlF qoN mOjUd KrHvypn nfÜ mylL nhIN KFdf. ieh KrHvfpn hI pfÈ dI pCfx hY. ieh KrHvfpn iehdI pihly dOr dI sfrI kivqf c smoieaf hoieaf hY, ijhdf nKyV krn qoN ieh scyq nhIN sI - jUMaF df ËÌrnfmf, ibafeIaF df BUgol, DuMnI df KyqrPl, gfAuNdI BfP dI guwCI, prbq df pVuwl, tpUM tpUM dI Aumr, cIËF coN AuTdI aMnyHpx dI BfP, kpiVaF hyTlI zor df muwZlf isrf gutGVI nfÜ bwJx vrgy bymqlb qy KrHvy DÍnI ibMbF df koeI kfivk mnqk nhIN hY. apxI swcImuwcIN dI cyqnf nUM pfÈ ny iksy icwTI ivc ieMj ibafn kIqf sI: myrI kivqf dI iek sImf ieh hY ik Aus ivc BfvF dI ivÈflqf qy PYlfAu dy bfvjUd kyvl qlvMzI slym qy ies duafly 20 iklomItr arD-ivafs dy Gyry dy jIvn vyg dI hI pkV hY. - drÈn bulMdvI nUM 1 agsq 1982 dI icwTI swcmuwc nUM idKfAux dI koiÈÈ pfÈ qoN pihly sfry kvI kr cuwky sn. AunHF nUM pfÈ aYsy rsoeIey dsdf hY, jo aFzy dy Kol dI BurjI bxfAux dy mfihr hn.

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pMjfb df lYNzskyp swcmuwc bVf ihMsk hY. ies leI pfÈ df kfiv suhj vI ihMsk hY. ieh ihMsf KLfqr ihMsf nhIN, jvfbI ihMsf hY. ies nUM idl qy AudfsI ny vI pyÈ kIqf, pr kivqf dy mOrF `qy cVH ky vMgfrn vflLf kvI pfÈ hI hY. iehdy kfiv suhj nUM iehdy smkflI qy ieiqhfskfr Bgvfn joÈ ny TIk hI ‘krfmfqI suhj` df nF idwqf hY - krfmfqI ibMb GVdI qy svflF df mUMh icVfAuNdI [pfÈ dI] kivqf ltlt blLdI joq vFÕ iek vyr apxy aflLyduaflLy sB kuJ jgmgf idMdI hY. -Èhfdq dy ivroD ivc KVHI kivqf, afrsI, mfrc 1990[ pfÈ dI iek hor icwTI hY: asIN smfj nUM cutkIaF nhIN vwZdy Qwby Brdy hF. asIN smfj dI Crudity ƒ ijvyN Auh hY jVH qoN PVdy hF qy sfzy mnF ivc acyq qOr `qy iehnUM put ky vgfh mfrn dI locf smfeI hoeI hY. - (ÈmÈyr sMDU nUM 19 julfeI 1974 dI icwTI) eysy icwTI ivc pfÈ bhuqy pRgqIÈIl sfihq nUM BFjvfdI sfihq afKdf hY qy ieh vI ik rUh nUM kYd krn vflLy ies sfihq ivc iqRskfr hY, nÌrq hY qy Êuwsf hY. ieMj pfÈ jmfqI nÌrq dI nINh `qy Ausry smuwcy sqfilnvfdI sfihq nUM rwd krdf hY. sfzy kolL ies qoN ielfvf hor koeI suhj mfzl hY hI nhIN sI. pfÈ nUM ies gwl df pqf sI; iehny surjIq pfqr nUM 1975 c icwTI ilKI sI: eyQoN qk ik cIËF nUM mihsUs krn dy ZMg vI asIN lutyrIaF jmfqF qoN ley hn. mfrksvfdI suhj pRxflI dI nf ajy koeI KLfs Aumr hY qy nf KLfs pRfpqI. sgoN iehdy afsfr vI BlI BFq insicq nhIN hoey hn. plYKfnov qy lUnfcfrskI ny suhj dy mfmly ivc lutyrI jmfq dy isrP isafsI pRBfvF nUM qoVn leI Ëor lfieaf hY. AunHF ny suhj nUM ieiqhfsk pRspYkitv aqy pRfiss ivc nhIN priKaf aqy lUkfc ny iblkul afDuink kfl qoN afpxf kMm ÈurU kr ilaf hY. Auh ieiqhfs vl kyvl AudoN jFdf hY jd Aus qoN ibnF srdf hI nhIN. kyvl [[[ [[[ hY (mYN AusnUM bhuq mfmUlI piVHaf hY) jo tRftskI dy klfqmk sUKmqf bfry cuwky kuJ sQUl nukiqaF nUM ihlfAuNdf hY pr Auh vI siBafcfr qk afx dI gwl krdf hY, suhj dy msly qwk nhIN phuMcdf. lYinn qy mfAu dy siBafcfr qk vI nhIN. bhuqf krky isafsI siBafcfr qk hI rih jFdy hn. so ieh hY imqr sfzI hflq. ÈoÈq vrg df bfrIk aqy mOilk afqimk jIvn ikhVIaF nIhF `qy Ausrygf, ieh kyvl icMqk hI nhIN ds skdy. anykF myry vrgy ltbOiraF nUM pRXogÈflf df mfl bxnf peygf ijvyN cMd AuWqy pihlF cUhy Byjy jFdy sn. myry AuWqy aqy sfry cOV cfnxF AuWqy suhj sMklp dy burËvf qMqU pRbMD dI pRyq sfieaf mMzrf rhI hY. sfzy kol nf awg hY nf lohf. ieko rfh hY ik klf ivc arfjkqf PYlf dyeIey. pRMprfgq sMklpF nUM Zfh ZyrI krn df qfx lfeIey. eyh kMm kyvl aÈuwD kivqf nfÜ hI ho skdf hY, ijhdf ieÈfrf pfblo nrUdf ny idwqf sI. asIN lok quhfzy nfÜoN vD asuriKaq hF. pr asIN quhfzy vFÕ mrn ivc svfd nhIN lYNdy, jIx pRqI kOqUhl sfzy ivc vDyry iqwKf hY. pfÈ dI kivqf dy jF afK lAu pMjfbI dI qkrIbn sfrI kivqf dy pfTk Auh lok hn, ijnHF nUM mfE ‘ienklfbI sUJvfn` afKdf hY - ividafrQI, Ausqfd qy srkfrI mulfËm. pfÈ df apxy pfTkF nfÜ irÈqf ipafr qy nÌrq vflLf sI. pfqr nUM ilKI icwTI ivc ieh apxy pfTkF dI inÈfndyhI krky dwsdf hY ik ieh iksfnF dy muMizaF coN klcrl bYkvrznYWs qy hInqf dy aihsfs nUM KdyVdf


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hY aqy suhjy kvIaF nUM doÈ idMdf hY ik ieh nOjvfnF dy idlF ivwcoN mrdfngI kZ rhy hn. pfÈ drasl apxI bYkvrznYWs dI gwl kr irhf sI. myrIaF kivqfvF (asl ivc kivqf vrgI cIË bhuq Gt hY myry kol) bhuqIaF cMgIaF nhIN hn. ienHF dI QohVI bhuq ÈkqI jy hY, kyvl ienHF dI ivlwKxqf ivc hY. mYN vwzy aihsfsF vflf kvI nhIN hF. iËMdgI dIaF inwkIaF inwkIaF qy aMqF dIaF sfDfrx cIËF aqy GtnfvF nUM ÈbdF dy pRojYktr coN lMGfAuNdf hF bs. qy pyNzU nOjvfnF nUM AuhI qsvIr idsdI hY ijs ivcly Kyl nUM Auh bVy icr qoN hMZf rhy huMdy hn. Auh sfrf kuJ jo mYN pyÈ kIqf huMdf hY tukiVaF ivc Auh pihlF vI soc cuwky huMdy hn. mYN vfh lwgdy afpxI kivqf rfhIN iek inwkf ijhf pr mhfn kMm kr irhf huMdf hF. Auh ieh ik iksfnF dy mMuizaF coN klcrl bYkvrznYWs bfry Cfey hoey hInqf dy aihsfs nUM KdyVdf hF. qy AunHF nUM iek bhumuKI jhflq, ijs ivc ÈkqI aqy Adventure vrgy kuJ hF pwKI gux vI hn, ivc muV XkIn bxfAux df bfies bxdf hF. ies qrHF mYN Aus mrdfngI dy inkfs ivc rokF pfAuNdf hF jo sfzy suhjvfdI kvI nOjuafnF dy idlF ivc pYdf kr rhy hn. mYN BfvyN isafsq nfÜ bhuqf sMbMDq nhIN. pr ieh gwl mYN iswK leI hY ik BIV ivc DUqU vjfAux nfÜ kuJ nf kuJ lfB ho hI jFdf hY[[[ qF vI myrI kivqf AunI mfVI nhIN ijMnI ies nUM pRIqm isMG qy afhlUvflIaf afid drsfAuNdy hn. dunIaf dy tfkry pMjfbI jIvn qy sfihq df klcr pwCiVaf hoieaf hY. pfÈ dy mkbUl hox df iek kfrx ieh vI hY. bhfr dI ruwqy koeI vI cfhuMdf hY Puwl isrP Puwl afAu asIN gumrfh lok byÈrm ijhf gIq ZUMzIey jd sfzy gIq pUrI jhflq nfÜ PuwlF nf` awK mylxgy qF bhfr df GumMzI suhj kI BMg nhIN hoeygf? jy quhfnUM bhuq mfx hY afpxI klf afpxy PlsPy `qy qF KolHo suinhrI ijldF vfly gRMQ quhfzy ÈYkspIar ny iËMdgI dy hfsy c mOq dy lqIPy df kI sQfn dwisaf hY? quhfzy bIQovn ny mF BYx dIaF gflHF df kI irdm dwisaf hY? lfl isMG idl dIaF do kivqfvF klcrl pCVyvyN dIaF cMgIaF imsflF hn, jd ieh monflIËf dI pyNitMg dy kdrdfnF nUM kohVI qy klfisk XUnfnI jF romn sMudrqf dy mwdfhF nUM hIjVy afKdf hY:

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monfÜIËf dy afÈkF ny Gr sjfey hn Auh gfAuNdy ny monfÜIËf jF sMudrI XUnfn dI Auh gLlq gfAuNdy hn - sqluwj dI hvf, 1971 kfÈ, pfÈ qy lfl isMG idl ny bIQovn df sMgIq suixaf huMdf jF Gto Gt monflIËf dI ikqfbF c CpI qsvIr hI dyKI huMdI. pfÈ df apxf isrijaf suhj iehdy glL df hfr bx igaf. iehny iliKaf ik lokipRXqf qÈwdd hY, glL df rwsf hY. ieh rwsf quVfAux leI pfÈ ny apxy kihx vFÕ keI ÈrfrqF kIqIaF. apxI arfjkqf dy igwJfey pfTkF qoN afkI ho ky iehny ieh iliKaf sI: jy quhfzI bolI dy sfihq df pVHn Gyrf lwK qoN vI Gt ividafrQI qy aiDafpk iksm dy lok hox qF [mfE dI] ieh gwl ik sfihq ispfhIaF bfry hoxf cfhIdf hY, mËdUrF jF iksfnF bfry hoxf cfhIdf hY, kyvl pfgl dI bkVvfh hY. - ijQy kivqf Éqm nhIN hMudI, sMpfdk: pfl kOr qy suKdyv isMG, srhMd, 1989 ienHF pfTkF nUM aqr isMG ny ‘zMgrF df vwg` afiKaf sI. pfÈ ny iliKaf: mYnUM pqY ienHF [pfTkF] dy hwQ ivc kvI dI mOq ilKI huMdI hY. (pfqr nUM 1975 dI icwTI) bhuqf pMjfbI qrwkIpsMd sfihq afriQk lutKoh dI spft ibafnI krdf hY qy iensfn dI anMq jigafsf nUM axizwT krdf hY. pfÈ iehnUM ‘bVHkF mfr ky ilKI KoKlI kivqf` qy eyQoN qk ik ‘BFjvfdI sfihq` afKdf hY; sfihq ijhVf ik ‘guMJldfr smfjk XQfrQ ivc KwulHx dI Xfqnf nUM sihxf nhIN cfhuMdf`. (ÈmÈyr sMDU nUM 19 julfeI 1974 dI icwTI) pfÈ dI isÌq hY ik iehny ies aOgux nUM pCfx ilaf sI. dUsrI ikqfb qoN bfad ieh afpy nUM Kojx lwgf. ieh Koj iehdy hI igJfey pfTkF nUM rfs nf afeI. ieho ijhy iksy pfTk Èyr jMg nUM iehny 13 mfrc 1974 dI icwTI ivc iliKaf sI: afKLr afdmI dIaF Audfs hox dIaF smrQfvF ny AusdI ÈKsIaq nUM bhupwKqf dI amIrI bKÈI hY nf. iehnF kivqfvF nUM mYN jfx ky iKJ nfÜ Cpvf irhf hF-kRFqIkfrI pfTkF dy imhdy AuWqy jMmI hoeI brP qoVn leI mYN ienHF nUM kfrqUsF vFg vrq irhf hF. asIN iËMdgI dy ivslfl kYnvs qoN bhuq sImq pRBfv lYx dI afdq ijhI pf dyx dy doÈI hF. ieh doÈ kRFqI leI lVy jf rhy XuwD df vI doÈ hY aqy mMqv dI mhfnqf dI qOhIn vI. jy qusIN mYnUM iËMdgI ivc kuJ nf hfsl kr skx qy vI sdf cVHdIaF klF ivc rihx vfilaF vFg qwkxf cfhuMdy ho qF mYnUM mfP krnf, mYN AunHF mhfn purKF ivcoN nhIN hF, bhuq kuJ inwkf inwkf joV ky bixaf hF. ies icwTI dy ilKx dy iqMn sflF mgroN iehny iek hor icwTI ivc iliKaf: Auh sflf vkfr hI kfhdf hoieaf, jo afpxy asl aMdr Auqy inrDfrq nf hovy. ajyhy dMBI qy nklI vkfr df nfs ho jfxf ivakqI qy smfj leI PfiedymMd hY. kivqf jy lokihqmuKI nhIN, qF svYmuKI qF ËrUr hoxI cfhIdI hY. ijhVf bMdf svY nfÜ eImfndfr nhIN, Auh kdI vI smfj jF lokF nfÜ iensfP qy eImfndfrI dy guxF


30

vflf sfihq nhIN ilK skdf. ies krky hI sfzy lokihqU sfihq ivc ÈkqI nhIN Br rhI. asIN lok injI jIvn ivc Kud sfhvyN gunfhgfr huMdy hoey vI jnqf dy gunfhgfrF nUM llkrfdy hF, qF sfzI llkfr kwcI ipwlI hoxI kudrqI hY. mYN ies ruJfn dI POrI mOq dyKxI cfhuMdf hF, BfvyN kivqf ivc ivakqIvfdI sur Pyr qoN BfrU ho jfey, Aus ivc swc vflI tuMbvIN qfkq qF hovy. myrf ivÈvfs hY ik aÈkq lok jIAuNdI kivqf jF khfxI kdy nhIN ilK skdy. - sMDU virafxvI nUM 28 apRYl 1977 dI icwTI pMjfbI mfniskqf bhuDfrimk hY. ies leI iehdf mfnvI qwq bfkI kOmF nfÜoN mËbUq hY. pr sMkt vyly ieh qwq db jFdf hY. sÌI kvI vI apxy vyly dI hkUmq dI Dfrimk kwtVpRsqI qy mulfixaF qoN nfbr sn, pr AunHF nUM ieslfm dy Gyry c hI riKaf jFdf hY. pfiksqfn bxn mgroN AuQy isrÌ sUÌIbfxI df hI iËkr huMdf hY, gurbfxI df nhIN. iswK Drm dy ÈurU hox qoN lY ky aMgryË sfmrfj ivruD cwlI ienklfbI lihr ivc iswK pyÈ-pyÈ rhy. sMn sMqflI mgroN pMjfbI muslmfnF dI bhuigxqI dy ihsfb pMjfb df vwzf rkbf (60 ÌIsdI) pfiksqfn ivc cly jfx krky ies ipwCoN jMmI qy prvfn cVHI pIVHI AuWqy ieslfm df asr nhIN ipaf. qy ieh vI sfnUM pqf hY ik pMjfbI bolI qy sfihq dI bhuqI icMqf iswK mfrksvfdIaF nUM hI rhI hY. ieh gwl bihsqlb hY ik sfihq ivc Dfrimk rIq qy ivrsy dI vrqoN ikQoN qk jfieË hY, jd ik pUrbI pMjfb ivc isrÌ iswK hI nhIN vsdy. iswKI ivrsy nUM ÌlsÌy vjoN nkslI kivqf ivc drÈn KtkV ny apxI pihlI imsflI kivqf ivc pyÈ kIqf sI, jd iehny gurU goibMd isMG qoN QfpI lY ky ÈhId dIp isMG nUM ‘apxf Xfr` afK ky isr qlI `qy itkfx df vwl puwiCaf sI: goibMd isMG Qfpnf dy kwcI gVHI cmkOr nUM jfx dI ihMmq vI sfzI ieh imwtI vrdfn mMgdI hY ik sfzy ivc qUM slfmq rhyN awj gurU dy puqrF ny pRx kIqf hY awj gurU dy KLflsy ny ksm KfDI hY jYkfrf DrmXuD df nfarf lokXuD df gUMjygf qd vI - sMgIsfQI, 1973 iesqoN bfad pfÈ qy gurdIp gryvfl ny nkslIaF nUM iswK Drm dy asl vfirs bxf ky ieMj pyÈ kIqf: pr gurU! Auh isMG kOx hn ijnHF bydfvf nhIN iliKaf qy awj vI hr jyl hr ieMtYrogyÈn sYNtr nUM srhMd dI kMD qy afnMdpur df iklf krky mMndy hn Auh hiVHafeI srsf ivcoN tuBI mfr ky qyry gRMQ kZx gey hn - lohkQf, 1970 kOx ny ieh nfnk qy goibMd dy vfirs jo hukm dyNdy ny AuhIAu afvfË kql kr dyvo jo mwky qy krqfrpur c gUMjI sI

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jo mfCIvfVy c awj vI suxINdI hY pr sfzy ichiraF `qy psrI muskrfht sO prdy cIr ky vI boldI hY ik mnI isMG ajy qIk vI miraf nhIN - sÌr dy bol, gryvfl, 1971 lfl isMG idl ny vI iek-do kivqfvF ivc iswK ivrsy dy hvfly idwqy, pr hor kvIaF ijMnI KLbq nfÜ nhIN: iksfn qur pey hn rfhF `qy AuGV afeI hY goibMd isMG dy GoiVaF dI pYV cMn apxf inwkf pMD mukf bYTf hY ËMjIrF ny bMnH ilaf dygLF, qvIaF qy afiraF df ieiqhfs - sqluwj dI hvf, 1971 sMq rfm AudfsI qF prvfn ciVHaf hI gurduafiraF dy dIvfnF dIaF styjF `qy sI. awT sflF ipwCoN CpI apxI qIsrI ikqfb sfzy simaF ivc pfÈ ny iswK ieiqhfs dy jogf isMG dy pRsMg nUM pihlF vFÕ AuNj df AuNj vrqx dI QF AuhnUM awj dy dOr df jogf isMG ieMj bxf ky pyÈ kIqf ik hux Aus ivc pUrn ÈrDf nhIN; sgoN hux Auh duibDf df mfiraf bMdf hY; ikAuNik hux ‘XwuD sMpUrx qy iekhrf afdrÈ` nhIN irhf. ieh vIhvIN sdI df jogf isMG pfÈ afp hI hY. iehdf iËkr qy Aus kivqf dI ivafiKaf iehdy agsq 1982 ivc drÈn bulMdvI nUM icwTI ilK ky kIqI sI: kRFqIkfrI lihr ivc nf ijwiqaf nf hfiraf ieh jogf isMG mYN hF. BfvyN ieh jogf isMG vI sqfrvIN sdI dy jogf isMG vFÕ hI iqafr br iqafr hukm df bwDf hY, pr Auh svY-pVcol nhIN sI kr skdf, jo ieh kr skdf hY. ieh socx vflLI gwl hY, ies iksm dI kivqf KLflsqfnI lihr dOrfn ikAuN nhIN ilKI geI?

III juJfr kivqf dI pRyrxf 1967 ivc bMgfl dy dfrjIilMg iËly dI nkslbfVI qihsIl dy afidvfsIaF dI cfrU mjUmdfr dI agvfeI hyT cwlI isafsI lihr sI. Auh dOr vIaqnfm qy qIjI dunIaf dy dysF ivc cl rhIaF mukqI lihrF dI cVHq df vI dOr sI. AudoN dy Auqsfh nUM lfl isMG idl ny apxI afqmkQf dfsqfn ivc ieMj ibafn kIqf hY: nkslbfVI dI KLbr awg vFÕ PYl geI. mYN AudoN mËdUrI krdf sI. Bfr ZoNdy smyN pOVIaF cVHdy Auqrdy smyN ajIb ÈkqI apxy ivc mihsUs ho rhI sI. jo kuJ mYN vIaqnfm jf ky nhIN sI kr sikaf, Auh eyQy hI kr skx df mOkf nyVy af irhf sI. sfry pRmuwK juJfr kvI srgrm isafsI iÈrkq kfrx srkfrI qÈwdd df iÈkfr ho ky mÈhUr hoey qy nfiek bxy. pfÈ ies hflq nUM eys qrHF dsdf hY:


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pihlF pihlF sfzy kol kfhl sI, lihr df Èor sI, ivcfrDfrf dI qwqBVwQI smJ sI.[[[vrqmfn sMGrÈ dy nfiekF nUM bIqy dy nfiekF nfÜ qolxf gLlqI hI sI. kvI acyq hI afpxy afp nUM smJ vI vwzy nfiek bYTy[[[. ieh kvI hI sn, jo lihr dy bulfiraF dy rUp c sfhmxy afey. iesy mjbUrI kfrn kvIaF nUM vDyry nfiekqv pRfpq hoieaf. ieh gLlqI nfÜ hoieaf sI, jo lihr dy pORVH hox nfÜ koÜ nf irhf. - suKivMdr isMG rMDfvy nfÜ gwlF, pfÈ dI Xfd ivc, 1989 nkslbfVI dI isafsq df qwqsfr ieh sI: (A) BfrqI hukmrfn jmfqF smfjk-sfmrfjvfdI sovIaq XUnIan qy sfmrfjvfdI amrIkf dIaF dlfl hn aqy BfrqI lokF df nMbr iek duÈmx rUs hY. (a) pfrlImYNtrI rsqf gLlq hY qy coxF c ihwsf lYx vflLIaF kimAuinst pfrtIaF soDvfdI qy gLdfr hn (e) BfrqI lokF dI mukqI cIn dy iksfnI ienklfb dy rfh `qy cwilaF lmkvIN gurIlf jMg lVn nfÜ hoeygI. jmfqI duÈmxF dy kql iesdf AuGVvF pwK sn (s) kOmI lihr dy afgUaF dy buwq BMnx, lfiebRyrIaF lUhx qy gLYrsqfilnvfdI sfihq qbfh krn leI cIn dy nmUny df klcrl ienklfb kIqf jfey. sfry juJfr ilKfrIaF ny ies isafsI lfeIn df KwulH ky pRcfr kIqf. pMjfb ivc jgIrdfrI qF muV ilaFdI nhIN sI jf skdI, pr mfEvfdI ieh lihr bMgfl qoN DUh ky ËrUr lY afey. ies lihr dy pRyry sfihq dI mfrksvfdI suhj nfÜ dUr dI vI sFJ nhIN sI. ieh ies dOr dy sfihq df sB qoN vD kmËor pwK hY. rUs qy amrIkf nUM iewko Cfby rwKx dy ÌrËI vrqfry nUM juJfr kvIaF ny ies qrHF pyÈ kIqf: ieh pYNzy DrqI qy mMgl dy nhIN ijnHF nUM rfkt imx skdy ny nf ieh rsqy idwlI qoN mfsko jF vfiÈMgtn dy hn ijnHF nUM qusIN roË imxdy ho ieh dUrI jo asfzy qy quhfzy ivckfr hY qIrF dy imxn KLfqr hY - lfl isMG idl, sqluwj dI hvf lAu Pon afieaf ey: Auh ipafdy klH nUM qUM mfsko phMucIN Auh mohry cOQ vfiÈMgtn clf afeIN - drÈn KtkV, sMgIsfQI vot sony df imrg bx ky idwlI qoN kRYmiln qy kRYmiln qoN vfeIt hfAus phuMcdI hY qy DV idwlI dy ÌutpfQ `qy hI ipaf rihMdf hY - gurdIp gryvfl, sÌr dy bol iehdI sfVI c zflr hY, iehdI aMgI c rUbl hY iehnUM myry dyÈ dI kihxf, myrI DrqI dI hyTI hY - pfÈ, Auzdy bfËF mgr cfr pMj sflF ivc hI ieh lihr KyrUM-KyrUM ho geI. pMjfb ivc iehdI isafsI pfRpqI qF kI hoxI sI, pr sfihqk pRfpqI sfihq dy ieiqhfs df kFz bx geI hY. lok ies lihr dI crcf AuvyN krdy rihxgy; ijvyN gLdrIaF, bwbrF, Bgq isMG qy AUDm isMG dI krdy hn. ÈhId hoxf pMjfbI suBfa hY. lhU, mkql, PFsI, ÈhId, slIb, qlvfrF dy jMgl vrgy kurbfnI qy qsIhy dy ibMbF nfÜ qy duÈmx nUM iekqrÌf sMboDnI aMdfË nfÜ sfrI juJfr kivqf BrI peI hY. iehdf ipCokV Drm

33

hY. AurdU, ÌfrsI qy arbI ÈfierI df vI ieho hfl hY. pfÈ dI ipafr kivqf apxy smkflIaF nfÜoN keI ilhfË nfÜ vwKrI hY. iehdI kivqf ivc ipafr df Jorf, qrsyvF qy qrlf nhIN hY. ieh kmlfdfs qy pfblo nrUdf dI kivqf vrgI ieMdirafvI (sYNsuas) kivqf ilKxf cfhuMdf sI. ienHF dy Jlkfry iehdI kivqf c ikqy-ikqy nËr afAuNdy hn. iehny hux mYN ivdf huMdf hF kivqf ivc iliKaf: mYN qYnUM iks qrHF iJMmxF dy aMdr pfl ky jvfn kIqf myrIaF nËrF ny kI kuJ nhIN kIqf qyry nkÈF dI Dfr bMnHx ivc ik myry cuMmxF ny ikMnf KLUbsUrq kr idwqf qyrf ichrf ies kivqf kvI kihMdf hY ik ipafr qy kivqf nswqI ho geI hY; qy hux hr qrHF dI kivqf qoN pihlF hiQafrbMd XuwD krnf ËrUrI ho igaf hY. Xfd rhy, ieh kivqf nkslI lihr dy KyrUM KyrUM hox qoN bfad dI ilKI kivqf hY. ieh jd 1976 ivc pihlI vfr hym jXoqI ivc CpI sI, qF iksy iesqrI aflock ny iliKaf sI ik ieh mohn isMG dI vfgF Cwz dy[[[vflLI kivqf df dUsrf aYzIÈn hY. ieho ijhI gwl ÌYË sfihb bVf icr pihlF apxI gLËl ivc afK cuwky sn: muJ sy phlI sI muhwbq myrI mhbUb nf mFg…. dUjy pfsy gLfilb ny iliKaf sI: go mYN rhf rhIny-iswqm hfey rUËgfr/lyikn qyry iKLafl sy ÊfiÌl nhIN rhf. pfÈ apxI kivqf klfm imrËf ivc aOrq-mrd dy irÈqy df nvF imafr bxfAuNdf hY ik hux nf qF Auh imrËf hY qy nf sfhbF rhI hY aqy nf hI Aus ipafr df ikwsf gfAux vflLf pIlU Èfier. CMnI, icVIaF df cMbf, hY qF bVf ajIb vrgIaF kivqfvF ivc pfÈ pMjfbx df hmdrdI bxdf hY. Bgvfn joÈ ny iliKaf: pfÈ jd inwky-inwky sMisaF nfÜ GulLidaF iËMdgI ivc muV XkIn kfiem krn dI koiÈÈ ivc ienHF nUM pUry dOr df qrjmfn bxfAuNdf hY aqy iËMdgI dI Èfn qy afËfdI df mhfn ivÈf CuMhdf hY, qF iehdI asl kfiv pRiqBf dy drÈn huMdy hn. rfq nUM, brsfq, kMzy df ËKLm, XuwD qy ÈFqI, icVIaF df cMbf, KUh, DrmdIkÈf, sB qoN Éqrnfk vrgIaF kivqfvF XfdgfrI hn: BvFtxI Kf ky pMjflLI sxy izgy mr rhy Joty dy isr `qy mMzrf irhf iksy aidK pMCI df sihm[[[myry Dur aMdr ikqy bwdlL gVHkdy hn qy mYN aflHixaF ivc zrdf hF mfsUmqf nfÜ[[[ DrqI Auzdy kfvF vl qwkdI rihMdI hY. mYN nF lY ky iksy kvI nUM iksy hor kvI nfÜ mylx df kfiel nhIN. eynf hI afKxf kfÌI hY ik pfÈ dy isrjy Auprokq kivqfvF dy ibMb lfsfnI hn. iehdI kivqf ivc nmfixaF df isr AuWcf huMdf hY.

ikqfbF sfh lYNdIaF hn mYnUM ikqfbF nfÜ ieÈk hY. cMgI ikqfb mYN Gut-Gut krky pVHdf hF, ijvyN isaflL dI inwGI rfqy swjx nfÜ gwlF kridaF kflLI kOÌI Gut-Gut krky pIvIdI hY. keI ikqfbF pVHidaF lgdf hY ik ieh ikqfb qF ilKx vflLy ny myry leI ilKI; myry leI CfpI qy iksy dy hwQ mYnUM GwlI hY. icwty kfgLË `qy inwkIaF-inwkIaF gulLfeIaF qy ibMdIaF dI Èkl ivc iKlrI isafhI ivc cfnx dy inwky-


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inwky cÈmy Putdy nËr afAuNdy hn. ikqfbF sfh lYNdIaF hn. cMgI ikqfb pVH ky dunIaf hor hor nËr afAuNdI hY - vDyry jIAux jogI. ikqfb qy kfrI (pfTk) dI vÌf qoV qk inBx vflLI vÌf hY. ikqfb kfrI qoN isrÌ siqkfr mMgdI hY, hor kuJ nhIN.

jOnH brjr ny iek QF iliKaf hY: bolI sfzI gwl suxdI hY. bolI sfzI kivqf nfÜ gwloVIaF krdI hY. iensfn ny pihlF apxf idl axjMimaF vfsqy pwQrF AuWqy KoilHaf sI, Pyr pwqrF AuWqy aqy Pyr kfgLË AuWqy. hux ieh plfsitk AuWqy vI KolHdf hY, pr ies ivc klpnf nhIN. kfgLË awgy bMdy nUM koeI iJjk nhIN huMdI. iesy leI tYlIÌonF nfÜ Bry mulkF ivc lok hfly vI iek dUjy nUM icwTIaF ilKdy hn; hfly vI iek dUjy dIaF icwTIaF AuzIkdy hn. iksy suhxy ilKfrI dI suhxy kfgLË `qy CpI suhxI ikqfb pVH ky nfnk dy bol Xfd afAuNdy hn – Dnu su kfgdu klm Dn/Dnu Gotim kflVI msu. Dn lyKfrI nfnkf/ijs nfm ilKfieaf scu] trftskI ny myrI iËMdgI ivc iliKaf hY: iensfn ny jo do bhuq krIbI ÈYaF bxfeIaF hn, Auh hn - klm qy ikqfb. cMgI ilKI ikqfb ijhdy ivc bMdf nvyN iKLafl lB sky aqy cMgI klm ijhdy nfÜ bMdf apxy iKLafl dUijaF qk phuMcf sky. mYN aj qk ijMnIaF ikqfbF pVHIaF hn, Auh ibnF iksy dI rfhbrI qoN pVHIaF hn. mYN iewko vyly keI ikqfbF pVHdf hF; iek Cwz ky dUjI cuwk lYNdf hF. ikqfb sMuiGaF pqf lg jFdf hY ik ieh ikho ijhI hoeygI. pYwn nfÜ inÈfn lfAux dI ihMmq nhIN huMdI; pYnisl nfÜ inÈfn lf ky aKLrIly kory sÌy `qy hvflf ilK leIdf hY. swjx dy hwQ vFÕ ikqfb dulfrdf hF. jy koeI idlo-idmfgL nUM Cuhx vflLf iÌkrf hovy, qF ikqfb awKF muMd ky AuhnUM rUh ivc rcfAuNdf hF. jy ilKfrI dI qsvIr nfÜ CpI hovy, qF ies nUM vfr vfr dyKdf hF qy cuMmy ibnF nhIN rih huMdf. ilKfrI nUM ikQy pqf huMdf hY ik dUr ikqy koeI AuhdI ikqfb swjl awKIaF nfÜ pVH irhf hY qy cuMm irhf hY. nrUdf nUM pqf sI ik cy gUvfry dI bMdUk nfÜ AuhdIaF kivqfvF dI ikqfb vI huMdI sI. myry iksy ipafry imqR ny ielIaf iehrunbrg dI ikqfb pVH ky AuhnUM lMmI icwTI ilKI sI, ieh axjfxidaF ik iehrunbrg bVy sfl pihlF pUrf ho cuwkf sI.

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1988 dy sfl jo ikqfb mYnUM sB qoN vD cMgI lwgI, Auhdf nF hY: sovIaq kfiÌr (A Soviet Heretic- XUnIvrstI afwv iÈkfgo pRYws, lMzn, 1975) qy ilKx vflLy df nF hY - eyvgynI Ëfimafiqn. ieh ikqfb lMzn dI vwzI dukfn c aYvyN ikqfbF PolLidaF hwQ lwgI. pihlF kdy Ëfimafiqn df nF vI nhIN sI suixaf. vrky PolLy, suMGy; qF lwgf ik ies ivc ËrUr koeI bfq hY. dUjy dhfky dI ilKI, aMgryËI ivc sMn 75 ivc lMzn ivc CpI qy sMn 88 ivc pVHI ikqfb vfikaf hI cMgI inklLI. Ëfimafiqn (1884-1937) rUsI ienklfb dI pYdfvfr sI. kimAuinst pfrtI ivc rlL ky 1905 dy ienklfb ivc ihwsf pfieaf, kYd qy jlfvqnI kwtI. pihlF pyÈy vjoN jhfËsfË sI. rUs dy pihly brÌqoV smuMdrI jhfË dI ivAuNq iehny bxfeI sI. iehny nfvl, lyK qy khfxIaF ilKIaF. keI iehnUM gorkI qy bYlI dy brfbr df lyKk mMndy hn. ienklfb bfad ieh rUsI ilKfrIaF dIaF sBfvF df afgU irhf qy keI sfihqk pricaF df aYzItr. dunIaf df cMgf sfihq rUsI ivc Cfpx dy vwzy Audm c iehny gorkI df pUrf sfQ idwqf. sovIaq kfiÌr ikqfb ivc sfihq qy sfihqk msilHaF bfry, rUsI sfihq bfry lyK, dunIaf dy ilKfrIaF bfry aqy rUsI ilKfrIaF dy KLfky hn. ikqfbF bfry Ëfimafiqn ilKdf hY: ikqfbF bfrUd vFÕ hI huMdIaF hn. Ìrk isrÌ eynf hY ik bfrUd iewko vfr Ptdf hY qy ikqfb hËfrF vfr Dmfkf krdI hY. ijdx pihlI ikqfb ilKI geI sI, Edx qoN bMdf bFdr nhIN sI irhf. pr bFdr ny ieh gwl awj qk BulfeI nhIN. iehnUM ikqfb dy ky dyKo - ieh iehnUM iekdm pfV deygf qy pYrF c rolL deygf. ies ikqfb ivc do KLfs lyK hn: sfihq, ienklfb, ivGtn Entropy qy hor msilHaF bfry aqy inÈfnf. pihly lyK ivc ilKfrI puwCdf hY: aMiqm, srbAuWc qy mhfnqm ihMdsf ikhVf hY? pr ieh kI gwl hoeI? jy ihMdisaF df koeI aMq nhIN, qF afiÉrI ihMdsf koeI ikvyN ho skdf hY? qF Pyr qusIN afiÉrI ienklfb dI gwl ikvyN krdy ho? koeI ienklfb afiKLrI nhIN huMdf. ienklfb aMqhIn hn. ienklfb hr QF, hr ÈYa ivc hY. smfjI ienklfb dI igxqI byaMq igxqIaF c huMdI hY. ienklfb df nym smfjI nym nhIN, ieh srvivafpI nym hY, ijvyN aYnrjI dI sMBflL qy Éqm hox dy nym hn. iksy idn koeI ienklfb dy nym df ÌfrmUlf bxf leygf aqy ies ivc kOmF, qbky, qfry qy ikqfbF ihMdisaF c ilKIaF jfxgIaF[[[. isrÌ kfiÌr hI iensfnI soc Éqm hoxoN bcfAuNdy ny. kfiÌr sfihq vfsqy lfiËmI huMdy hn. jy kfiÌr nhIN, qF ieh GV lYxy cfhIdy hn. ijhVf sfihq jIAuNdf-jfgdf hY, Auh bIqy smyN jF hux dy smyN nfÜ jIAuNdf hY. awj sfnUM sfihq ivc ivÈfl dfrÈink idshwidaF dI loV hY; jo jhfËF dy msqUlF qoN, hvfeI jhfËF qoN nËr afAuNdy hox. sfnUM sB qoN vD KLOPnfk, sB qoN vD inzr qy afiKLrI svfl puwCdy rihxf cfhIdf hY: ikAuN? qy awgy kI? ieh svfl bwcy


36

puwCdy huMdy hn. bwcy sB qoN vD dlyr dfrÈink huMdy hn. ieh iËMdgI ivc nMgy pRvyÈ krdy hn. ieh Drm, isDFq, prm swc dy aMjIr dy pwqy nfÜ nhIN kwjy huMdy. kudrq ivc koeI ÈYa itkI hoeI nhIN. sfry swc pUry shI nhIN huMdy. ieh ivroD-ivkfs df qwq hY - awj dy swc BlLky gLlqIaF bx jFdy hn. aMiqm igxqI ikqy nhIN hY. jmfqI nÌrq smfjvfdI XQfrQvfd dI igrI smJI jFdI hY. Ëfimafiqn apxy lyK inÈfnf dy ÈurU ivc ilKdf hY: ‘‘sfzf sfrf sfihq hfly vI jMg dy Ëhr nfÜ Biraf ipaf hY. ieh jmfqI nÌrq df pfilLaf Ëhr hY. nkfry (nYgyitv) jËbfq `qy AusfrI nhIN hoieaf krdI. aslI sfihq EdoN hI pYdf hovygf, jd asIN iensfn nfÜ nÌrq krn dI QF ipafr dI gwl krn lwgFgy. ieh shI hY ik sfzf Ëmfnf Ëflm hY; ieh jMgF qy bgLfvqF df Ëmfnf hY. ies leI nÌrq qoN Cutkfrf pfAuxf hor vI ËrUrI hY, ikAuNik nÌrq iensfnI mn AuWqy mfrU asr krdI hY. jd jmfqF nf rhIaF qy brfbrI qy jnOrF vflLI KLYrsgflI apxy afp nhIN afAuxI. pr ieh smF sB qoN AuWcy suwcy iensfnI jËbfq dy AumHlx df ipafr df smF hoeygf. klf ny sdf hukmrfn jmfqF dI syvf kIqI hY. ies gwl qoN koeI ÌfiÈst jF sfmrfjI qF huwbdf iPry, pr iksy ivroD-ivkfsI ienklfbI nUM nhIN huwbxf cfhIdf. (sfzI) mOjUdf hukmrfn jmfq dI KLslq df vwzf Ìrk iehI hY ik iehdI hkUmq afrËI hY. ieh rfj qF krdI hY ik iehdI hkUmq CyqI qoN CyqI Éqm hovy aqy Pyr irafsq (styt) qy iksy vI qrHF dI hkUmq qoN njfq idvfeI jf sky. hux dI hukmrfn jmfq ieh gwl jfxdI hY (jF iehnUM jfxnI cfhIdI hY. pr ieh gwl ies vyly axizwT kIqI jf rhI hY. BlLk df bIa sdf awj dy idn c huMdf hY. ienklfb nUM aYsy kwuiqaF dI loV nhIN, jo burkI dI Jfk ivc jF GurkI dy zroN cup krky bYTy rihMdy hox. nf ienklfb nUM ieho ijhy kuwiqaF nUM isDfAux dI loV hY. iehnUM aYsy ilKfrIaF dI loV hY; jo iksy qoN zrdy nf hox, AuvyN ijvyN ienklfb nUM iksy df zr nhIN huMdf.`` sovIaq klf df sunihrf dOr 1917 qoN 1927 qk df dOr sI. ies qoN bfad smfjvfdI XQfrQvfd df nF lY ky sqfiln dy Ëmfny c lyKk klfkfr dI afËfdI dy sfry dr Zoa idwqy gey. kcGrV lyKkF dI sBf rYp ny Ëfimafiqn vrgy vwzy ilKfrIaF AuWqy burXvf injvfdI qy lok-duÈmx dy Twpy lf idwqy. ieh sBf cMgy ilKfrIaF nUM eynI Kuafr krn lg peI ik gorkI ny afp dKLl dy ky ieh sBf sMn 1932 c quVvf idwqI sI. Ëfimafiqn ieho ijihaF bfry ilK igaf: ‘‘ienHF dI QF ienklfb dy ieiqhfs ivc qF ho skdI hY, pr sfihq dy ieiqhfs ivc hrigLË nhIN.`` jd jIAux isrjx df koeI cfrf nf irhf, qF Ëfimafiqn gorkI dI mdd nfÜ rUs Cwz ky pYirs cly igaf, ijQy Cy sflF bfad 1937 ivc ieh pUrf ho igaf. Ëfimafiqn afiKLrI dmF qk mfrksvfdI irhf. kfiÌr.

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iensfnI ijsm df jÈn

CfqI qyrI puq mMgdI qyry pwt mMgdy muklfvf. - lokgIq iek dfxy qoN bohlL df pqf lg jFdf huMdf hY. ies iewko bolI qoN pMjfbI lok kivqf dI amIrI df aMdfËf ho skdf hY. ieh bolI qIvIN dy ipMzy nUM mfxn qy mfxidaF dyK skx, vfqslX aqy iËMdgI dI vyl hrI dyKx dI KLfihÈ hY. ieh iensfnI ijsm dy jÈn c Èfiml hox df swdf hY. ieh bolI pihlF ikhny pfeI hoeygI? ieh iksy kuafrI jF pyky bYTI ivafhI kuVI nUM suxfeI geI hY. ieh bolI pfx vflLf ikMnf suhxf muMzf hoeygf. suhxIaF awKF vflLf. sfzy smfj ivc muMzy kuVI df ieÈk qlvfr dI Dfr AuWqy qurn brfbr huMdf sI. Auh vyly hux vflLy nhIN sn. aj ijMnI KwulH EdoN ikwQy sI. pihlF ipafr prvfn ikhdf cVHdf sI? iek Cuh, iek nËr dy srÈfry apxI jUn kt jFdy sn. ieh bolI Èfied Cpfr vrgy iksy myly ivc iksy CVy ny jF qrsyvyN dy mfry iksy msPwut ny blLdI mÈfl dI loey apxIaF nÈweI awKF ivc iksy kuVI nUM vsf ky AucrI hoeygI. soc ky sfh Guwtdf hY ik ijs kuVI leI ieh bolI pfeI geI hY; Auh sux nhIN rhI; Auh sux skdI hI nhIN. dunIaf dy bMDyj dI bwJI Auh dU

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pVH ky qyjf isMG Xfd af jFdf hY; pUrn isMG qF romFitk sI. cMdn ajyhI gwd rc irhf hY, ijs dIaF ÉUbIaF df hfly pMjfbI pfTkF nUM aihsfs nhIN hoieaf. . jfnlyvf bImfrI dI hflq ivc pRoÌYsr