© ORCA Education Limited 2004 The Development of Children © ORCA Education Limited 2004 Revise and Test

© ORCA Education Limited 2004

The Development of Children

© ORCA Education Limited 2004

Revise and Test

© ORCA Education Limited 2004and suppliers all rights reserved

Nature / Nurture

The way in which children develop will depend on two main factors:

nature and nurture. 1. Why will this little boy

be like his parents?

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NatureNature

Adult height and weight diet will also have an influence

Adult height and weight diet will also have an influence

Physical appearance Physical appearance

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Mental aptitude, skills and talents

Mental aptitude, skills and talents© ORCA Education Limited 2004

and suppliers all rights reserved

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2. Below are three influences that genes have on the child's development. What else will the parents genes influence about the child as he grows?


Nurture

3. If identical twins were separated at birth why would they become different physically and mentally as adults?

3. If identical twins were separated at birth why would they become different physically and mentally as adults?


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Genetics Genes are found in the cells of our bodies. 4. What is also found in our cells? Clue there are 23 pairs one of which determines our sex.


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Are you like your parents? AAnswers

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The genes that a baby inherits are not the only thing that decide how the child will grow.

5. Give one reason why a child might grow up to be bigger than both of its parents.

6. Give one reason why a child might be better at sport or music than its parents.


Child development depends on four factors. Remember the acronym PIES.

For each of these factors say one way that a parent could encourage development..

7. Physical 8. Intellectual 9. Emotional 10. Social

Environmental Factors AAnswers

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The Right Environment 11. We check children's progress against

the average age that other children can do certain things. What is the correct term for these important points?

11. We check children's progress against the average age that other children can do certain things. What is the correct term for these important points?


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The Wrong Environment

12. Name three ways that the lives of these children will be affected by living in the worst conditions in Brazil


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Twins AAnswers

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Studies of identical twins, separated at birth, help us to understand what is most important in child development, nature or nurture.

13. How do fraternal twins form? 14. How do identical twins form?


Suggested Answers 1. He inherits genes from both

parents that decide his physical characteristics.

2. Health and predisposition to illness.

3. Because of the environment in which they live.

4. Chromosomes. 5. Better environment or diet, genes

inherited from grand parents but not apparent in the parents.

6. Encouragement and opportunity 7. Good diet, exercise protection fro

disease. 8. Education, access to knowledge,

good play. 9. Love and encouragement. 10. Social opportunities, guidance on

how to behave.

11. Development milestones. 12. Growth and health will be poor,

life expectancy will be low and they will have few opportunities to develop skills.

13. 2 eggs are fertilized by 2 sperm but develop at the same time in the womb.

14. They occur when cells from a fertilized egg separate in an early cell division.

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© ORCA Education Limited 2004 The Development of Children © ORCA Education Limited 2004 Revise and Test