*Energy Pathways

*Sports Nutrition

*How the body uses nutrients, fat, carbohydrates, and proteins, to supply the body with the needed energy to perform.

*Nutrients are converted to energy in the form of ATP

*The energy released from the breakdown of ATP is what makes the muscles contract

*Each nutrient has a special way that it gets converted into ATP

*Nutrients

*Carbohydrates

*main nutrient that fuels exercise of a moderate to high intensity

*Proteins

*generally used to maintain and repair body tissues

*not normally used to power muscle activity

*Fats

*can fuel low intensity exercise for long periods of time

*ATP

*Adenosine Triphosphate

*Not easily stored

*Very small stores in the muscles, used up in just a few seconds

*You must have ATP in order to exercise

*2 major ways to convert nutrients to energy*Aerobic metabolism

*Anaerobic metabolism

*Most often a combination of pathways to create the needed ATP

*ATP-CP Anaerobic Energy Pathway

*Also called the phosphate system

*About 10 seconds worth of energy

*Used for short bursts of exercise

*Doesn’t require oxygen to create ATP

*Uses the stores (2-3 secs) then uses Creatine Phosphate to resynthesize ATP until CP runs out (6-8 secs)

*After CP runs out, body either uses aerobic or anaerobic metabolism

*Anaerobic Metabolism

*Also called glycolysis

*Creates ATP exclusively from carbohydrates

*Lactic acid being a by-product

*Provides energy by the partial breakdown of glucose without the need for oxygen

*Produces energy for short, high-intensity bursts of activity

*Aerobic Metabolism

*Fuels most of the energy needed for long duration activity

*It uses oxygen to convert nutrients to ATP

*Bit slower than the anaerobic systems, relies on the circulatory system to transport oxygen to the working muscles before it creates ATP

*Used primarily during endurance exercise

*Fueling the Energy Systems

*Nutrients are converted to ATP based upon the intensity of the workout

*Fat is a great fuel for endurance events, not adequate for high intensity

*At low intensities there is enough fat to fuel exercise for hours or days, as long as there is enough oxygen to metabolize it

*Fueling the Energy Systems

*As intensity rises, carbohydrate become dominate

*A much better fuel than fat, but with limited stores

*Stored carbohydrate can fuel about 2 hours of moderate to high intensity workout

*If increased more then you go into anaerobic metabolism

*Metabolism

*The process by which your body gets energy from food.*Your metabolic rate increases during

exercise.

*The number of calories burned depends on the exercise.

*You metabolism stays up for a short period after exercise.

*Basal Metabolism

*The minimum amount of energy required to maintain the life processes in the body.

*Genetic

*Can be increased with exercise

*YOUR WEIGHT

*If you take in fewer calories than you burn you lose weight.

*If you take in more calories than you burn, you gain weight.

Pounds gained per year

Excess Calories per Day

1 10

5 48

10 96

15 144

*SKILLS RELATED FITNESS

*Agility*The ability to control body movement and change

direction quickly

*Balance*Being able to stay upright either while standing or

moving.

*Coordination*The ability to use two or more body parts

*Speed*Move a distance or complete a body movement in a

short period of time

*Reaction Time*The rate of movement once a person realizes they need

to move

*Power*The ability to use force with great speed

WhyIDidntMakeTheOlympics.wmv