9
腖腗腛腕腃腓腐腃腫腱腉腇腈腋腏腚腛腭腹腵腱腽腼腊腱腯腞 * * 腔腘腕腎腛腒腍腛 ** Mapping Shifting Cultivation Fields in a Karen Area of the Bago Mountains, Myanmar T6@:96 Shinya,* SJOJ@> Reiji* and Hla Maung Thein** We conducted a field survey in S village, in a Karen Area of the Bago Mountains of Myanmar. Through GPS mapping, interviews, and observation, we examined the present state of shifting cultivation in this area by focusing on the vegetation in fallow lands and fallow period lengths. In 腂腀腀腂, 腅腉 households HHsopened 腆腀 plots for shifting cultiva- tion. The village itself covered an area of 腄腉腇腃腊腉腄 ha A. The 腆腀 plots covered 腁腆腁腊腄腆 ha B, corresponding to an average plot size of 腂腊腆腉 ha. In 腂腀腀腃, 腆腂 HHs opened 腆腆 plots for shifting cultivation, with an aggregate area of 腁腄腁腊腁腅 ha Band an average plot size of 腂腊腁腄 ha. In 腂腀腀腄, 腇腄 HHs opened 腇腅 plots for shifting cultivation, with an aggregate area of 腁腇腉腊腉腁 ha Band an average plot size of 腂腊腄腀 ha. In 腂腀腀腅, 腆腃 HHs opened 腇腃 plots for shifting cultivation, with an aggregate area of 腁腉腆腊腈腈 ha Band an average plot size of 腂腊腇腀 ha. In 腂腀腀腆, 腅腄 HHs opened 腅腆 plots for shifting cultivation, with an aggregate area of 腉腆腊腀腆 ha Band an average plot size of 腁腊腇腂 ha. Based on these figures, the potential maximum numbers of fallow years were 腃腀腊腈 A/Bfor 腂腀腀腂, 腃腅腊腃 A/Bfor 腂腀腀腃, 腂腇腊腈 A/Bfor 腂腀腀腄, 腂腃腊腇 A/Bfor 腂腀腀腅, and 腅腀腊腉 A/Bfor 腂腀腀腆. During the first fallow year, the land was covered with Chromolaena odoratum, which was replaced by bamboo Bam- busa polymorpha and Bambusa tuldaover several years. After 腁腂 years, tree species such as Xylia xylocarpa gradually dominated the fallow lands. Despite the potential length of fallow periods, the actual fallow periods were only 腁腇腊腉 years in 腂腀腀腂, 腁腅腊腁 years in 腂腀腀腃, 腁腂腊腈 years in 腂腀腀腄, 腁腃腊腀 years in 腂腀腀腅, and 腁腁腊腉 years in 腂腀腀腆. This difference may have occurred because lands left fallow for 腁腂 to 腁腈 years become covered with trees and bamboo. These can be easily cleared and provide good burning material for shifting cultivation. Keywords: shifting cultivation, Karen area, fallow periods, Bago Mountains, Myanmar ῍ῌ῏ῌ῎腭腹腏腚腛腾腜腥腣腤腢腓腐腃腫腱腖腗腛腕腃 腧腴腰腠腰腠腝腌腑腌腌腔腙腏腱腜腩腦腩腦腟Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, 腄腆 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 腆腀腆腈腅腀腁 e-mail: takedaasafas.kyoto-u.ac.jp; rsuzukiasafas.kyoto-u.ac.jp ῍῍ University of Forestry, Forest Department, Ministry of Forestry, Yezin, Myanmar 腶腷腌腑腌腩腦 腄腅腂腀腀腇腁腂334

˘ˇ - CSEAS Journal, Southeast Asian Studies, Tonan Ajia …˜ˇ ˆ˙˝˛˚* ˜ !"˚* #$%&’ ** Mapping Shifting Cultivation Fields in a Karen Area of the Bago Mountains, Myanmar

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���������� ���������������

� � � ��* � ! "�* #$�%�&'� **

Mapping Shifting Cultivation Fields in a Karen Areaof the Bago Mountains, Myanmar

T6@:96 Shinya,* SJOJ@> Reiji* and Hla Maung Thein**

We conducted a field survey in S village, in a Karen Area of the Bago Mountains ofMyanmar. Through GPS mapping, interviews, and observation, we examined the presentstate of shifting cultivation in this area by focusing on the vegetation in fallow lands andfallow period lengths. In ����, �� households (HHs) opened �� plots for shifting cultiva-tion. The village itself covered an area of ����� ha (A). The �� plots covered ����� ha(B�), corresponding to an average plot size of ��� ha. In ���, �� HHs opened �� plots forshifting cultivation, with an aggregate area of ����� ha (B�) and an average plot size of��� ha. In ����, �� HHs opened �� plots for shifting cultivation, with an aggregate area of����� ha (B) and an average plot size of ��� ha. In ����, � HHs opened � plots forshifting cultivation, with an aggregate area of ����� ha (B�) and an average plot size of��� ha. In ����, �� HHs opened �� plots for shifting cultivation, with an aggregate area of���� ha (B�) and an average plot size of ��� ha. Based on these figures, the potentialmaximum numbers of fallow years were �� (A/B�) for ����, � (A/B�) for ���, ���(A/B) for ����, �� (A/B�) for ����, and ��� (A/B�) for ����. During the first fallow year,the land was covered with Chromolaena odoratum, which was replaced by bamboo (Bam-busa polymorpha and Bambusa tulda) over several years. After �� years, tree species suchas Xylia xylocarpa gradually dominated the fallow lands. Despite the potential length offallow periods, the actual fallow periods were only ��� years in ����, ��� years in ���, ���years in ����, �� years in ����, and ��� years in ����. This difference may have occurredbecause lands left fallow for �� to �� years become covered with trees and bamboo. Thesecan be easily cleared and provide good burning material for shifting cultivation.

Keywords: shifting cultivation, Karen area, fallow periods, Bago Mountains, Myanmar��������� ���*+� ,-./� ���� �����

� 0123234565�5#7��+8989:; Graduate School of Asian and African AreaStudies, Kyoto University, �� Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida Sakyo-ku, Kyoto ��������e-mail: takeda<asafas.kyoto-u.ac.jp; rsuzuki<asafas.kyoto-u.ac.jp

�� University of Forestry, Forest Department, Ministry of Forestry, Yezin, Myanmar

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