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وخرد جان خداوند وخرد بنام جان خداوند بنام
Classification of distal Classification of distal radius fxradius fx
H.Saremi.MDH.Saremi.MD
Orthopaedic surgeon,upper limb surgery fellowshipOrthopaedic surgeon,upper limb surgery fellowship
Hamedan university of medical sciencesHamedan university of medical sciences
HAMEDAN,IRANHAMEDAN,IRAN
Distal radius fractureDistal radius fracture
in the time ofin the time of
Hippocrates Hippocrates
and Galen were and Galen were
thoughtthought
to be wrist dislocationsto be wrist dislocations
Pouteau first described DRF as a Pouteau first described DRF as a variety of forearm fractures in the variety of forearm fractures in the French literature. French literature.
Pouteau, C.: Oeuvres Posthumes dePouteau, C.: Oeuvres Posthumes de M Pouteau, Paris, P.D. Pierres, pp M Pouteau, Paris, P.D. Pierres, pp
251, 1783251, 1783
Colles, A.: On the Fracture of the Colles, A.: On the Fracture of the Carpal Extremity of the Radius. Carpal Extremity of the Radius. Edinburgh Med Surg, 10;182-186, Edinburgh Med Surg, 10;182-186, 18141814
Colles based his descriptions on Colles based his descriptions on clinical examinations alone, because clinical examinations alone, because X RAY was invented by Roentgen in X RAY was invented by Roentgen in
1899 . 1899 .
• DRFs are among the most common DRFs are among the most common type of fracturetype of fracture
• The most common fx seen in the The most common fx seen in the emergency departementemergency departement
• Bimodal distributionBimodal distribution• 18-25 years high-energy injuries18-25 years high-energy injuries• >65 years low-energy injuries>65 years low-energy injuries
Which classification?Which classification?
Frykman’s classificationFrykman’s classification
• 19671967• Useful,easy to learn,and communicate with Useful,easy to learn,and communicate with
colleguescollegues• NOT readily translate into prognostic or NOT readily translate into prognostic or
treatment utilitytreatment utility
Melone’s classificationMelone’s classification
• 19841984• Identified 4 major components Identified 4 major components • Attention on the medial(lunate)facetAttention on the medial(lunate)facet
AO classificationAO classification
• 1986 revised in19901986 revised in1990• Little interobserver agreement forr Little interobserver agreement forr
subdivisionssubdivisions
Rayhack’s classificationRayhack’s classification
• Intra or extra articularIntra or extra articular• Stable or unstableStable or unstable
Mayo clinic classificationMayo clinic classification
• Extra or intra articularExtra or intra articular• Reducible or irreducibleReducible or irreducible
Fragment-specific Fragment-specific classificationclassification
• MedoffMedoff• Intra articular fxIntra articular fx• 5 major fragments5 major fragmentsRadial styloidRadial styloidDorsal wallDorsal wallImpacted articular fragmentsImpacted articular fragmentsDorsal ulnar corner(Die punch fragment)Dorsal ulnar corner(Die punch fragment)Volar rim fragmentVolar rim fragment
Columnar classificationColumnar classification• RIKLI _REGAZZONIRIKLI _REGAZZONI• Radial or lateral columnRadial or lateral column
Length and alignment Length and alignment
Of the articular surfaceOf the articular surface• Intermediate columnIntermediate column
Primary load bearing Primary load bearing
Dorsal die punch,impacted intraarticular,volar ulnar cornerDorsal die punch,impacted intraarticular,volar ulnar corner• Medial columnMedial column
Fernandez classification Fernandez classification
• Mechanism of injuryMechanism of injury
Classification of DRUJ Classification of DRUJ injuriesinjuries
Observer agreementObserver agreement
• AO-----------adequate for the main typesAO-----------adequate for the main types• MYO---------moderateMYO---------moderate• Fair------------frykman,melone Fair------------frykman,melone
Aogroupes and subtypesAogroupes and subtypes