..

- , 040200 ()

2010

2010

316.3/.4 60.5 80

. .. : ... .. , ... ..

80

.. . . .: ; , 2010. 564 . ( ). ISBN 978-5-8291-1245-5 ( ) ISBN 978-5-904954-03-1 () , . , , , , , , , , , , (. ) (.. ). , , () . , , , , , , .

316.3/.4 60.5

ISBN 978-5-8291-1245-5 ISBN 978-5-904954-03-1

.., 2010 , . , 2010 , 2010

nck`bkemhe

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh ...........................23 1.1. : ( ) ....................................................................25 .......................................................................................................................... 25 ........................................................................................... 26 . . ................................................... 27 . : ........................................................................................... 28 . : ............................................................................................................ 28 . : - ............................................................................... 29 . : ............................................................................................... 29 . : ................................................................................... 30 . : ............................................................................................... 31 . : ................................................................................................... 31 . : ........................................................................................................ 32 (. , . , . , . ) .................................................................. 32 .. : ............................................................................... 33 (. , . , . , . ): ............................................................................................................... 33 . . : - ........................................................................................................................... 34 . : ............................................................................... 34 . : ....................................................................................................................... 35 . : .......................................................................................................... 35 . : ........................................................................ 35

1.2. ( ) ........................................................37 ........................................................................................ 37 ................................................................................................................ 37 ............................................................................................... 38 ....................................................................................................................... 39 : (, ).......................................... 39 ................................................................................................................................ 40 ......................................................................... 41

3

nck`bkemhe

1.3. , ..............................................................................42 ................................................................................................... 42 ( ) ................................................................................ 42 .............................................................................................................. 43 ......................................................................................................... 43 ................................................................................................... 44

1.4. . ......................................................................................................45 .............................................................................................................. 45 ............................................................................................................................ 45 . .................................................................................................... 47 ........................................................................................................................ 48 . : / ................................................... 48

1.5. .....................................51 ..................................................................................................................... 51 . : Es ....................................................................................................................... 51 .. : .................................................................................... 52 .................................................................................. 53 .............................................................................................................................. 54 .............................................................................. 54 ..................................................................................................................................... 58 ...................................................................................................... 59 .................................................................................................. 59 ............................................................................................................ 60 ................................................................................................................. 61

. ...................................63: ........................................................................................................ 63 .................................................................................................................................... 64 ............................................................................................................. 65 .............................................................................................................. 66

.................................................................................................................69

p`gdek 2. `mpnonknch)eqjhe qprjrp{ bnnap`femh ..................71 2.1. ERANOS. () ..........................................................73

4

.................................................................................................... 73 . : ........................................................................................................ 73

nck`bkemhe . : ...................................................................................................... 74 . : ........................................................................................... 74 . : mundus imaginalis ........................................................................................................... 75 . : .................................................................... 76 . : ............................................................................................................. 76 . . : ..................................................................................... 77 . : ................................................................................................... 78 . : ................................................................................................... 78 , ................................................ 78 . : .................................................................................................... 79 . : ..................................................................................................................... 79 . -: ........................................................................................................... 80 . : ....................................................................... 81

2.2. : ......................83. : (- ) .............................................................................. 83 ....................................................................... 84 : .............................................................................................. 85 ........................................................................................... 87 ........................................................................................................................... 88 / ................................................................................................ 88 : / ............................................................ 89 ......................................................................................................... 90

2.3. / ................................................91 ............................................................................................................................................ 91 ..................................................................................................................................................... 91 .................................................................................................................................. 92 .............................................................................................................................. 92 ....................................................................................................................................... 93 , , ......................................................................................................................... 93 ................................................................................................................................................... 94 ............................................................................................................................................ 94 ..................................................................................................................................... 95 .................................................................................................... 95 ................................................................................... 96 ...................................................................................................................... 97 ................................................................................................................. 97 ............................................................................................................................................... 98

5

nck`bkemhe ............................................................................................................................ 98 ............................................................................ 99

2.4. / .................................... 100 .......................................................................................................................................... 100 ( I): ........................................................................... 101 ......................................................................................................................................... 101 ............................................ 102 ................................................................................................................................. 102 ........................................................................................................................ 103 , ........................................................................................................ 103 ..................................................................................................... 104 .............................................................................................................................. 104 ............................................................................................... 105 -- ......................................................................................................................... 106 ....................................................................................................... 106 ................................................................ 107 ........................................................................................................................................ 108

2.5. 2 / .......... 109 ................................................................ 109 ............................................................................................................... 109 ............................................................................................................................... 110 ..................................................................................................................... 110 ................................................................ 111 : ..................................................................... 111 ............................................................................................................. 112 ..................................................................................................... 112 ? ................................................................................................................. 113 ........................................................................................................... 114

2.6. .................................115 ............................................................................................... 115 ................................................................................................................................ 115 ........................................................................................................................ 116 ............................................................................. 117 ............................................. 118 ......................................................................................................................... 118

2.7. ....................................................................................................120 ................................................................................... 120 .......................................................................................................................... 120 .......................................................................................... 121

6

nck`bkemhe ......................................................................................................... 122 ......................................................................................................... 122 .............................................................................................. 123 .......................................................................................................................................... 123 ........................................................................................................................................... 124 ................................................................................................................................................. 124 .......................................................................................................................................... 125 ............................................................................................................................................ 126 ............................................................................................................................................. 127 ................................................................................................................................... 127 ...................................................................................................................................... 128

............................................................................................................. 129

p`gdek 3. qn0hrl b hqnphh. p`gmnbhdmnqh qn0h`k|mncn bpelemh ........................................................................................... 131 3.1. : ............... 133 ................................................................................................. 133 ........................................................................................................ 133 ............................................................. 134 .............................................................................................................. 134 ................................................................................................ 134 ............................................................................................... 135 .................................................................................... 136 ..................................................................................................................... 137 ( . ) ..................................................................... 137 ........................................................................................................... 138 , ............................................................................................................. 138

3.2. ................................................................................................ 140 .......................................................................... 140 : ........................................... 140 ( . ) ......................................................................... 141 ....................................................................................................................................... 141 ................................................................................................................................ 142 ........................................................................................................................ 143 ......................................................................................................................... 143 .................................................................................................................... 144 ........................................................................................................................... 145

7

nck`bkemhe ........................................................................................................ 145 ...................................................................................... 146

3.3. ..............................................148 ............................................................................................ 148 . ........................................................................................................... 149 , ........................................................................................... 150 .......................................................................................................................... 151

3.4. .......................................................................................................... 152 ......................................................................... 152 ............................................................................ 153 : .............................................................................. 153 - .............................................................................................................. 154 ............................................................................................................ 155 : ...................................................................... 155 ................................................................................................................... 155 ..................................................................................................... 156 ........................................................................ 156

3.5. ...................................... 158 .............................................................................. 158 ............................................................................................................................. 158 ...................................................................................................................... 159 .............................................................................................................................. 159 ................................................................. 159 ........................................................................................... 160 ................................................................................................. 160 ( ) ............................................................. 160 .......................................................................................................................... 161 ............................................................................................................................... 162 .............................................................................................................................. 162 ........................................................................... 163 .................................................................................................................................. 163 ............................................................................................................................. 164 .................................................................................................................................. 164 ................................................................................ 165 ................................................................................. 165

8

.............................................................................................................. 167

nck`bkemhe

p`gdek 4. qn0hrl j`j opnqp`mqbemmne bkemhe. qn0hnknch opnqp`mqb` ................................................................169 4.1. . ................................................................................................... 171 ? ..................................................................... 171 ........................................................................................... 171 . : ............................................. 172 ............................................................................................. 172 ..................................................................................................................... 173 ....................................................................................................................... 174 : .................................................................................. 175 ...................................................... 176 ............................................................................ 177 Z ...................................................................... 177 vs ........................................................................................................... 178 .............................................................................................................. 179 ..................................................................................................................... 179 ? ............................................................. 180 .................................................................................................... 180

4.2. .............................................. 181 ....................................................................................................................... 181 ................................................................................................... 181 / ........................................................................ 182 ........................................................................................................ 183 ........................................................................................................... 185 / / / ............................................................................................. 186 .................................................................................................................................................. 186 ..................................................................................... 187 ................................................................................................................... 187 ............................................................................................................. 188 ............................................................................................................ 188

4.3. ...................................................... 190 ........................................................................................................................ 190 ( ) ......................................................................................................... 190 .................................................................................. 190 . . : ................................................................................................ 191

9

nck`bkemhe . : res extensa ....................................................................................................................... 191 . : res gravis ............................................................................ 192 .................................................................................................................... 192 / ........................................................................ 193 . : ................................................................................. 193 ................................................................ 194 ............................................................................................................ 194 ..................................................... 195

4.4. ............................. 197 : ............................................................................................. 197 . : .................................................................................................... 198 ........................................................................................................... 198 .................................................................................................................... 198 ............................................................................................................................. 199 . : ........................................................................................................ 199 ........................................................................................ 199 ......................................................................................................................... 200 (espace strie) ............................................................................... 200 ..................................................................................................................... 200 (espace lisse) .............................................................................................. 201 (le Pli) .................................................................................................................................. 201 ................................................................................................................................................ 201 . : ........................................................................... 201 ................................................................................................. 202 ............................................................................................................. 204 ............................................................................................... 204

. .................................... 206 ................................................................................... 206 ................................................................................ 207 . : ........................................................................................... 207 . : ................................................................................... 208 . : ................................................................................................. 208 . : ..................................................................... 209 .............................................. 210 (18691946) ........................................................................................................ 211 : ................................................................................................ 211 .......................................................................................... 212 ......................................................................................................... 213

10

.............................................................................................................. 216

nck`bkemhe

p`gdek 5. qn0h`k|m` `mpnonknch: )eknbej j`j qprjrp` .....217 5.1. HOMO SOCIOLOGICUS ............................................................... 219 ..................................................................................................................................... 219 ................................................................................................................................... 219 : ........................................................ 220 ............................................................................. 221 .......................................................................................................................................... 222 Do Kamo.............................................................................................................................................. 222 : ......................................................................................... 224 : ............................................. 224 : .................................................................................................... 225 Homo vivens ....................................................................................................................................... 226 . .......................................... 227 ............................................................................................ 228

5.2. ...... 229 () ..................................................................................................... 229 .......................................................................................................................... 229 .............................................................................................................................. 230 : ......................................................... 231 .......................................................................................... 232 .................................................................................... 233 ........................................................................................................................ 233 ............................................................... 233 .................................................................................................................... 234 .................................................................................................... 234 ..................................................................................................................... 234 ..................................................................................................................................... 235 ..................................................................................................... 236 : ..................................................... 237

5.3. .................................................................................... 238 .................................................................................. 238 .............................................................................................................................. 239 ....................................................................... 239

5.4. .............................................................................................241Homo initiatus .................................................................................................................................... 241 .......................................................................................... 242 ................................................................................................................... 242

11

nck`bkemhe ............................................................................................. 243 ............................................................................................................................ 244 .............................................................. 244 .............................................................................................................................. 245 : ............................................................................................................ 246 .................................................................................................................... 247 .................................................................................................. 248 .................................................................................. 248 .................................................................................................. 249 ................................................................................................................ 250 XIXXX ......................................................... 250 .................................................................................................................... 251 ........................................................................................................... 251 .......................................................................................... 252 , ................................................................................................................ 253 .............................................................................................................................................. 254 Do Kamo ................................................................................................................. 254 ? ............................................................................................... 255

. ......................................................................................... 257 .............................................................. 257 Do Kamo ................................................................................................................................. 257 ........................................................................................ 258 . : .................................................................................................... 258 : ............................................. 259

.............................................................................................................. 260

p`gdek 6. qn0hnknchh h hdenknchh ............................................... 261 6.1. ........263 : .................................................................. 263 : .................................................................. 263 ........................................................ 264 ................................................................. 265 ................................................................................................................................... 265 ( ) .................................................................................................................. 266

6.2. ..................... 268

12

................................................................ 268 .................................................................................................... 269

nck`bkemhe (): ........................................................................ 269 : ........................................................................... 270 : ......................................................................... 270 ...................................................................................... 271 .......................................................................................... 271

6.3. ........ 274 .................................................................................................................. 274 ................................................................................................................. 274 : ........................................................................................ 276 li-li................................................................................................................................. 277 .................................................................................................................................. 278 -: ............................................................... 279

6.4. ( ) ............................................................................................. 281 ................................................................................................................... 281 ................................................................. 282 : .................................................................................. 283 : ....................................................................... 283 .............................................................................................................................. 285

6.5. ................................................. 288 .......................................................... 288 .............................................................................................................................. 289 ....................................................................... 290 . : .................................................................................................. 291 : () ..................................................................... 293

6.6. ................ 295 ........................................................................................................... 295 : ............................................................ 295 .. : ......................................................................................... 296 ........................................................................................................... 296 : ................................................................................ 298 : ................................................................................. 299 : ......................................................................................... 301 ......................................................................................................................... 301 ................................ 302

6.7. : ..........................................................................304 : ......................................................... 304 ( ) ............................................................................................................................... 304

13

nck`bkemhe ................................................................................ 305 ........................................................................ 305

. ( ) ........................................................... 307 ............................................................................. 307 : , ................ 307 : - ........................................................................................................................................... 308 ........................................................................................................... 309

.............................................................................................................. 311

p`gdek 7. qn0hnknch }mnq` ......................................................... 313 7.1. ............315 ................................................................................................................................. 315 ......................................................................................................... 316 ()() .......................................... 316 ............................................................................................................ 316 ............................................................................................................. 316 , , , ................................................................................ 317 - ........................................................................................................ 318 .................................................................................................................... 319 .......................................................................................... 321 ............................................................... 322 ...................................................................................................................................... 323

7.2. ........................................................................324 .................................................................................................................................. 324 ............................................................................................... 325 : ........................................................................................... 326 , , .............................................................................................................. 327 ............................................................................................. 327 .............................................................................. 328 ............................................................................................................................ 329 .............................................................................................. 331 ............................................................................................................................ 332 ................................................................. 334 ................................................................ 335 ................................................................................................................................. 336

7.3. ................................................................... 338

14

................................................................................................................................. 338 ................................................................................................................................ 339

nck`bkemhe ..................................................................................................................................... 339 ................................................................................................... 340 ....................................................................................................................... 340 .................................................................................................. 342 . : ................................................................................................ 342 ............................................................................................... 343 ................................................................................................................. 344 ................................................................................................................................... 344

7.4. ............................................................. 346 ................................................................................................................ 346 ........................................................................................ 346 ................................................................................................................................... 347 - ................................................................................... 348 ............................................ 348 ................................................................................. 349 ........................................................................................... 349 () ....................... 350 () ............................ 350 ............................................................................................................... 352 ....................................................................................................... 353 ................................................................................................................................... 354 Residui ................................................................................................................................................. 355 ................................................................................................................................ 356

.............................................................................................................. 358

p`gdek 8. qn0hnknch onkhhjh..................................................... 359 8.1. . .......................................................................................................... 361 ................................................................................................................... 361 ................................................................................... 361 ................................................................................................................ 362 . ...................................................................................................... 363 ......................................................................................................... 364 ............................................................................................................................... 365 : ....................................................................................... 366 .............................................................................................. 367 .................................................................................................................. 368 ..................................................................................................................... 369

15

nck`bkemhe

8.2. ............................................................... 371 ................................................................................................................................... 371 ...................................................................................................................................... 372 ..................................................................................................................................... 373 ............................................................................................ 373 : .............................................................................................. 374 .................................................................................................... 374 . ..................................................................... 375 .......................................................................................................................... 376 ............................................................................... 377 .................................................................................................................................... 377

8.3. .......................................... 379 ......................................................... 379 ....................................................................................... 379 ...................................................................................... 382 ................................................................................... 382 : ........................................................ 384 .............................................................................................. 385 ..................................................................................... 386

8.4. .............................................................. 388 ............................................................................................................................. 388 ............................................................................................................................................ 390 ................................................................................................................................................ 390 ................................................................................................................... 391 .................................................................................... 392 ................................................................................................ 393 ................................................................................................... 394 ...................................................................................... 394

8.5. ................. 396 ...................................................................................................................... 396 .......................................................................................................................... 396 ............................................................................................................... 397 : ............................................................................................... 398 .............................................................................................................................. 398 , ....................................................................................................................... 399 ............................................................................. 399 ? ......................................................................................... 400 ................................................................................................................................ 400

16

.................................................................................................................................... 401

nck`bkemhe .................................................................................................................. 401 ............................................................................................. 402

.............................................................................................................. 404

p`gdek 9. qn0hnknch pekhchh ....................................................... 405 9.1. . ............................................................................................ 407 ............................................................................................. 407 : ................................................................................... 407 ................................................................................................................... 408 : ........................................................................ 408 ................................................................................................................................ 409 ?..................................................................................................................... 409 ....................................................................................... 410 .................................................................................................................... 410 ................................................................................................................... 411 ..................................................................................................................... 412 .................................................................................................................. 412 ........................................................................................... 413 .......................................................................................... 414

9.2. ..................................... 415 ....................................................................................................... 415 : ............................................................................ 415 Deus otiosus ........................................................................................................................................ 416 .............................................................................................................. 417 : / ...................................................................................... 418 ................................................................................................................. 418 ................................................................................................................ 419 .............................................................................................................................. 419 ....................................................................... 420 .......................................................................................................... 421

9.3. ...................................................................................................423 : ..................................................................... 423 : ......................................................................................... 424 ..................................................... 425 : creatio ex nihilo ........................................................................................................... 425 ............................................................................................................................... 426

17

nck`bkemhe ...................................................................................... 426 .................................................................................................................................................. 427 ................................................................................ 428 ................................................................................................... 428 ................................................................................................................................................ 430 ............................................................................................ 430 ( ) ............................................................................. 431 New Age .............................................................................................................................................. 432 ...................................................................................................................... 432

9.4. .................................................... 433 . ............................................................ 433 : ........................................................................................... 434 ...................................................................................... 435 .......................................................................................... 435 .......................................................................................... 436 ............................................................................................................. 436 .............................................................................................................. 437 : .............................................. 437 ..................................................................................................... 438 ..................................................................................................... 439 ............................................................................................. 440

9.5. .................................................................... 442 ...................................................................... 442 ............................................................................................................................................... 442 ..................................................................................................................... 443 .................................................................... 444 ............................................................... 445 ............................................................................................................................... 446

9.6. ............................................................... 447 ................................................................................. 447 ...................................................................................... 447 ............................................................................................ 448 ........................................................................................................................... 449 ................................................................................................................... 449 ................................................... 450

18

.............................................................................................................. 452

nck`bkemhe

p`gdek 10. qn0hnknch onk`........................................................... 453 10.1. .......................................... 455 ...................................................................................................................................... 455 ................................................................................. 455 ( )................................................................................................................. 456 ............................................................................. 456 ............................................................................................................................. 457 ................................................................................................................................ 458 ....................................................................................................................... 458 ..................................................................................................... 459 ............................................................................. 459 ....................................................................................................... 460

10.2. .................................................... 461 : .................................................................... 461 ................................................................................................................................... 462 ......................................................................................................................................... 463 ...................................................................................................................... 463 ...................................................................................................................... 464 ...................................................................................................................... 465 ....................................................................................................................... 466 ...................................................................................................................... 466

10.3. ....................... 468: ........................................................................................................ 468 I: .............................................................................................. 470 II: ........................................................................................ 471 .......................................................... 473 ..................................................................................................................... 473

10.4. ............................................ 475 ............................................................................................................................ 475 ..................................................................................................................... 476 ......................................................................................................................... 477 ........................................................ 477 ........................................................................................... 479 - ....................................................................... 480 ............................................................................................... 480

10.5. ....................................... 483 .......................................................................................................... 483 / ............................................................................................... 483

19

nck`bkemhe ( )................................................................................. 484 ........................................................................................................... 485 .......................................................................................... 486 .......................................................................................................................... 487 .................................................................................................... 487 ............................................................................................... 489 ............................................................................................................... 490 ....................................................................... 490 ........................................................................................................................ 491 ............................................................................................................................ 492 .................................................. 493 ....................................................................................................................... 494 - ................................................................................................... 495 ............................................................................................................ 496 .................................................. 496 ..................................................................................................................... 498

.............................................................................................................. 499

p`gdek 11. onqnayeqbn................................................................. 501 11.1. ................................ 503 ................................................................................................................ 503 .............................................. 503 ............................................................... 504 .................................................................................................. 505 ................................................................................................................. 506 ................................................................ 506 : ............................................... 507 ( ) ........................................................ 507

11.2. ........................................................... 509 : .......................................................................................... 509 ..................................................................................................................... 510 .................................................................................................................. 511 ....................................................................................................................... 513 ................................................................. 514 ................................................................ 515 : ........................................................................... 516 ......................................................... 518

20

................................................................................................................................... 518

nck`bkemhe .................................................................................................................................... 519 ............................................................................... 520

11.3. .................................................. 522 ............................................................................................................ 522 : ......................................................................................................... 523 .................................................................................................. 523 ......................................................................................................................... 524 ............................................................................................. 525 Freak out show ................................................................................................................................... 525 ................................................................................................................. 526 ( . . ) .................................................................................... 527 ..................................................................... 529

11.4. ........................................................ 531 ......................................................................................................... 531 ..................................................................................................... 532 : - .................................................................. 534 ............................................................................................................... 535 ............................................................................................................................ 536 ....................................................................................................... 537 : Mad Max ................................................................................................... 538 ............................................................................................... 539 ( ) ........................................................................... 540 () ............................................................................................................ 542 ..................................................................................................................... 543 ........................................................... 544

.............................................................................................................. 546 .............................................................................................. 547

p`gdek 1 qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

ck`b` 1.1 thknqntqjhe nqmnb`mh jk`qqh)eqjni qn0hnknchh: nqmnbm{e qn0hnknch)eqjhe enphh h xjnk{ (jp`jhi nagnp)

opedle qn0hnknchh ? , : , , , , . , . . (18891968), , 1 , , , ( ), ( ) . .: ( ) , . , ( ) , , . , socium, . : , , , 2. ( ) (socium) , (.. ). , , , , , , . , , , .1 2

.. . . ., 2006. : , , . . : Durand G. Les grands textes de la sociologie moderne. P., 1969. : , . Durand G. Les grands textes de la sociologie moderne. P., 1969.

25

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

. , . , , , . ( , , ) , - . - . : , 1. , . : , , , , , , , , , , . , , (- , -: ). .

qn0h`k|m` thknqnth h qn0hnknch , , . , , . , , ( ) , . (, , ) . : , , , ( , , , ) . . , . , , , , , . , , , , : , . , , , , . , . , .

26

1

. 18:20.

ck`b` 1.1. thknqntqjhe nqmnb`mh jk`qqh)eqjni qn0hnknchh: nqmnbm{e qn0hnknch)eqjhe enphh h xjnk{ (jp`jhi nagnp)

, .

q`mnbkemhe qn0hnknchh j`j m`rjh. n. jnm &ph }onuh[ , , . (17981857) - (17601825), . , : , ; , ( , ); . , , , , . . , , , . : () , , , . . , , . , . , , . , , . , , - , ( , , , (16941778) (18041869). . , , 1. . , , , . .

1

, .

27

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

}. d~pjceil: jnkkejhbmne qngm`mhe (18581917), , - . . , ( , - ) . . , , , . , , - . , , , (), , . . , . , . , , , , , . , . (, , ) , , . . , ( ), ( ). , , , . , . , .

l. lnqq: d`p h nd`phb`mhe (18721950) , , . , . , , , [ (18571939)]. , , . , -

28

ck`b` 1.1. thknqntqjhe nqmnb`mh jk`qqh)eqjni qn0hnknchh: nqmnbm{e qn0hnknch)eqjhe enphh h xjnk{ (jp`jhi nagnp)

, . , , , . , . , , , .

c. qoemqep: khaep`k|m{i qn0h`k-d`pbhmhgl (18201903). , . : . , , . - , ( laissezfaire), , . ; , , , , . . , . , -. . ( ) . (18401910), - . - / - / .

t. Hmmhq: &nayhm`[ h &nayeqbn[ . (18551936), , , , , . , . , ,

29

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

, , . ( , , ) . : , (. Gemeinschaft), , (. Gesellschaft). : Gemeinschaft gemeine (, ) Gesellschaft gesellen (, ). communitas () socium () . - ( ). (Gemeinschaft), , ; , , . (Gesellschaft), , , , . , . , , , . , , (16701741), , , .

j. l`pjq: qn0hnknch)eqjhi l`jqhl`khgl ( ) , , . . . , . : , , . , , . . (18181883), . , (, , , ). , . , , . , , 100 % ( ). : ( ) ( ). .

30

ck`b` 1.1. thknqntqjhe nqmnb`mh jk`qqh)eqjni qn0hnknchh: nqmnbm{e qn0hnknch)eqjhe enphh h xjnk{ (jp`jhi nagnp)

, , () , - , . , ( ommunitas) ( ).

l. beaep: onmhl`~y` qn0hnknch (18641920), . - , . , , , . , , , , , ( ). , - , , . . , , (14831546) (15091564). , , , . .

b. gnla`p: &cepnh[ h &npcnb0{[ , - (18631941). , , , . (Helden) (Haendler), , , (, ) , , , . , , . , ,

31

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

, , , (), , , . . . , , ; ; ; , , , ; , . , , , , , , , . , , , , , , . , - , , . - . , . .

c. ghllek|: qn0hnknch fhgmh (18581918). . (Wechselwirkung), , , . 1 , , , .

)hj`cqj` qn0hnknch)eqj` xjnk` (`. qlnkk, d. bhmqem, r. nl`q, t. gm`me0jhi) , . 1892 . . (18541926). -

32

1

Simmel G. Philosophie des Geldes. Berlin, 1900.

ck`b` 1.1. thknqntqjhe nqmnb`mh jk`qqh)eqjni qn0hnknchh: nqmnbm{e qn0hnknch)eqjhe enphh h xjnk{ (jp`jhi nagnp)

(18641941), (18631947), (18821958) . , . ( ), , . , , . , , , . , .

df.c. lhd: qhlbnkh)eqjhi hmep`j0hnmhgl (18631931), . , ( ). , , . , (18641944), (18861966) (18861959).

jnkrlahiqj` xjnk` (c. chddhmcq, o. k`g`pqtek|d, df. lnpemn, p. lHpnm): enphh qpedmecn p`mc` , . (18551931), , , . . , (19011976) ( - . .) (18921974), . (19102003), (selffulfilled prophecy), ), , , , , .,

33

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

. , , .

). jrkh h k. rnpd: unkhgl h qn0h`k|m` }bnk~0h on-`lephj`mqjh , , , . , . , , (18641929), () , , -, ; (18411913), , - , . . , () ( ), , .

. o`pqnmq: qprjrp` qn0h`k|mncn deiqbh (19021979). . . , , , . , , . , . , , , ( , ). AGIL. A Adaptation ( .), G Goal Attainment ( .), I Integration ( .), L Latency Pattern Maintenance ( .). , ( , ,

34

ck`b` 1.1. thknqntqjhe nqmnb`mh jk`qqh)eqjni qn0hnknchh: nqmnbm{e qn0hnknch)eqjhe enphh h xjnk{ (jp`jhi nagnp)

, , ) : 1) , ; 2) ; 3) , ( ) , ; 4) ( , . .).

b. o`pen: enph }kh . (18481923) . (18341910) . (18581941) . (18761936) . , ; ; , . . , . , , , . , () (). , . , .

k. crloknbh): p`qnb` anp|a` ( ) - (18381909) (, . ). , (Klassenkampf) (Rassenkampf). . , , , (, ) . . , . , . () , , , . . .

o. qnpnjhm: qn0h`k|m` h jrk|rpm` dhm`lhj` ( , ) . XX .

35

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

, , , ( , , ). . , . , (, : , , , , , ) , , , ( ), . , - , . , , . , , , . - -: , , . . . , . . , , : , . , , , , . , , . , , , . , , . (, ) . : . . , , , . . , , , , .

j%2!%/ "%C!%/1. . ? 2. ? 3. ? ?

ck`b` 1.2 qn0h`k|m{i kncnq h qprjrpm` qn0hnknch (b jk`qqh)eqjnl onmhl`mhh)

qn0hnknch hgr)`e qn0h`k|m{i kncnq , , . , , , , , . : . ( -), , , .

quel` qn0h`k|mncn kncnq` , . -

Y

X 1.

37

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

1 , , , ( ) . : (. 1). , ( ) ( ) . , . , , , . . , , . , (. ), . . . , . , . , , . , . .

hmdhbhdr`k|m{i qn0h`k|m{i kncnq (. ), . ( ) , . , , , . . . , . - .

38

1

. // . , , . ., 1992.

ck`b` 1.2. qn0h`k|m{i kncnq h qprjrpm` qn0hnknch (b jk`qqh)eqjnl onmhl`mhh)

: , . , , , (), ( ) , , , , ( ) . , , .

qn0hrl j`j qprjrp` . , , , (, , , ). , . , . . ? , ( , ) , , , , (), . , , , .

qprjrpm` khmcbhqhj`: pe)| h qknbn (b{qj`g{b`mhe, dhqjrpq) (. (18571913), . (18961982), . (18901938) ). : 1) (), (la langue .) 2) , , (la parole, le discours .). , , , . , . . , , , . . , .

39

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

, (, ), (, ) .

qn0hrl j`j g{j . . ( ) , . , , , , , ( , , , , ). . . . , , ( , ). ( ) ( ). , , , , , , . , ( ) . . ? , ? , , . , . , . : , . , . 1 , , , . , - () , .

40

1

. 2 . 25.

ck`b` 1.2. qn0h`k|m{i kncnq h qprjrpm` qn0hnknch (b jk`qqh)eqjnl onmhl`mhh)

oqhunknch)eqjhi )eknbej h &~p|l` aeg qem[ - .. .. 1 : , . , , , , , ( , , ). , , , , , () . , , , , , . , , . ; , , , . , , [ .. (19051980)].

j%2!%/ "%C!%/1. ? 2. ? 3. ?

1

.., .. . ., 2003. . 1.

ck`b` 1.3 nak`q| qn0hnknchh, nap`yemm` j hpp`0hnm`k|mnlr

hq)egmnbemhe `nl`pm{u t`jnb . , , -, , , -, . . , . , ( ), , . - . , - (18891951) , , , . , , , . , ( , ) ( ) ( , . .) . , ( XX ) - , , (18791955) , mathesis universalis. : ( , , ). .

cnknq hpp`0hnm`k|mncn (oqhunknch nko{)

42

, , .

ck`b` 1.3. nak`q| qn0hnknchh, nap`yemm` j hpp`0hnm`k|mnlr

(18411931), . , , . , , , , 1. . , , , , , 2. , , , . , .

hpp`0hnm`k|mnq| nayeqbemmncn lmemh h op`kncnq ophlhhbnb , , , , : , , , , . , , , , , , 3. , , , , ( , -), ( - , ). , .

ceepnekh h }m`mhndpnlh : (, ) , - ( , ). , . , , , .1 2 3

. . ., 1995. . .. . ., : .. . . , 1998.

43

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

- , (. ). , .

onpeamnq| b mnbni qn0hnknchh , ( ) (, ) . , , . (, , . ), - , , . , , , , . , , , (18851962), , ( , ).

j%2!%/ "%C!%/1. ? ? 2. ? , . 3. ?

ck`b` 1.4 nqmnb{ qprjrp`khgl`. qprjrp`khgl j`j lend

onbkemhe qprjrp`khgl` , , . . . , , () . . . , - , . . , , , . . , , , , . , , . . , , .

lht j`j qprjrp` [. (19082009), . (19151980), . (18951970), . (1917 1992) . .]. , 1 , , , (, ), . , . (19011981).1

.: . . ., 1996.

45

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

() - , , , , . , , , , , . , , , , , . , ()1 , . , , . , ( ). , , . , , , , : , .

,

, :

, O , , . , , , . , , , . .

1

46

. , un mythe (.), a mythe (.), ein Mythos (.) . ., , -os. , , , , le mythe (.), the mythe (.), der Mythos (.) . ., : , -os. , . , , / , .

ck`b` 1.4. nqmnb{ qprjrp`khgl`. qprjrp`khgl j`j lend

o. phjHp jephcl` h qprjrp`- (19132005) 1. , . . , . (18841976) 2. , , , . , . , , :

. , , . , , , , , . 5 % 95 % . ( , , , , , , , , - ; .) , , : , (, -). :

. /, :

. = , , . , , , . , , , ( ). , (), , . : , 1 2

. : . ., 1995. Bultmann R. Kerygma und Mythos. Bd. 15. Hrsg. von H.W. Bartsch. Hamburg, 19481955.

47

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

, , , . , , , .

qprjrp` qprjrp{ . , , , , , , . , ( ) , . . :

= . = ( ), , .

t. mh0xe: `onkknmh)eqjne h dhnmhqhiqjne / bnk j bk`qh. (18441900), (18181883) (18561936). . : ( ) ( ). , , .

Y

X

48

2.

ck`b` 1.4. nqmnb{ qprjrp`khgl`. qprjrp`khgl j`j lend

, , , , . , . , , , , , .

= , , . .

, , , , , 1. , , . ( ) , , , . , , , .

2 , , . , , - , . , , , , , 3. . :

() . () (superstructure infrastructure) .1 2 3

. . ., 1990. . . ., 1994. . . . .

49

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

, .

j%2!%/ "%C!%/1. . ? 2. ? ? 3. ?

ck`b` 1.5 jnkkejhbmne aeqqngm`ek|mne

q~pophg oqhun`m`khg` . , . , - , ( , ). , , . , , , , .

g. tpeid: njp{he ES . , . Es (.), Id (.), , . . : Es (Id), ; (, ), -, -, .

( ) () (Es, Id) , , . - , , . , , . , Es, .

51

p`gdek 1. qprjrp`khqqj` nohj` qn0hnknchh

, , , , . , , - , , , , , . , ( Es), , , , . , Es , , , , . . , , , , , 1. , , . , , . , , , , , . , , , , , , ( ) , .

j.c. ~mc: jnkkejhbmne aeqqngm`ek|mne .. (18751961)2. , 1909 , 1

2

52

, . , , . () . . .: . . ., 2008. , (), -, , , ( ), , ( ). , : .. . ., 1997; . . . ., 1997; . . ., 1987; . . ., 1998; . , , . , 1994; . . . , 1996; . . ., 1996; . . ., 1994; . . ., 2002; . . ., 1996; . . ., 1994; . . ., 1997; . . ., 1996; . . , 1995; . . ., 1996.

ck`b` 1.5. jnkkejhbmne aeqqngm`ek|mne

. , , , , , , . , , , , , , , . . , . : , . , (Es) , . , () . , , , , , , . , , (), , (), , , .

j`p` ondqngm`mh h &p`an` qmnbhdemhi[ , . , , , . . , , , ,