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Needle stick and sharp injury038 , 051 , 171«««.present

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öøÿ âõúùë051

ö úö

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Needle stick and sharp injury

is a s ign if i cant hazard for hosp ita l

employees blood borne pathogens

(occupat ional infect ion)

Sharp dev ices e.g.

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h y p o d e r m i c

n e e d l e s ( 3 2 % )

I V ca th e te r s ty le ts ( 6 %)

s c a l p e l b l a d e s ( 7 % )

w i n g e d s t e e l

n e e d l e s ( 1 2 % )

p h l e b o t o m y n e e d l e s ( 3 % )

s u t u r e n e e d l e s

( 1 9 % )

O t h e r s

( 2 1 % )

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Inc idence of  NSI = 13.4% of HCW in each

year 

Inc idence o f sharp inju ry = 6 .5 %

34.7% o f in jur ies occur whi le using medical

devices

Inju ries occur most f requent ly in the Rand pat ient rooms

( ø  : ø úÿ ú ù ã è öú öúöøÿ ÿ èé èâô ø )

Incidence of NSI in HCW

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Most f requent ly in jured employees :

( ø  : ÿ . ú å ú ø ã ú â ú ú â ú ú ý è ú é ÿó ú å ô ÿ â üë ë ë â I C N f o r u m å    èø  5 )

Incidence of NSI in HCW

n u r s e4 3 %

d o c t o r  3 5 %

m e d i c a ls t u d e n t

2 2 %

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Factors related to injury

Equipment des ign

Cr it i ca l s i tuat ions dur ing c l in ica l

procedures Cond it ion dur ing the p rocedure

S taff exper ience

Recapping

Disposal

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Risk of infection

B lood borne pathogens f rom NSI

- 6 -3 0% H BV i f e xp os e t o t he i nf ec te d

secre t ion

- 1 .8 % H CV i f e xp os e t o t he i nf ec te d

secre t ion

- 0 .3 % H IV i f e xp os e t o t he i nf ec te d

secre t ion

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Factors that inf luence the r isk of 

infect ion

- The amount o f blood o r f lu id

- The depth of penetrat ion

- The amount o f v irus in f luid

- Pos t-exposure prophylaxis

Risk of infection

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Management after exposure

Wash the area

Pos t-exposure p rophylax is

- HBV immunoglobu lin , HBV vacc ination- Z idovidine (AZT) to prophylax is H IV

infect ion

- HCV not recomm end to post-exposure

prophylaxis ( jus t medical fo l low up)

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Reference

www.osha.gov

www.nlm.nih.gov www.ccohs.ca

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed

www.nurs ingwor ld .org