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I . b o l ~ ~ b ~ ~ a i u ~ ~ 1 o u o ~ d ~ i i q a 3 a ? n t l i
n. ~na1~1rraidinlnPn~3n'u~ium36 9 u # 2 u d ~ ~ 8: 444
u. n75inw1asxrwa~~iw~i iG~la d 44
R. O I ~ ~ ~ M I ~ ~ ~ ~ + ~ ~ ~ R U U ~ ~ I ~ ~ W O I I S I ~ R ' I ~ C ~ I ~ i a n a ~ o ~ ~ . n ~ l u m m w ' ~ a u ' C ~
9. ?w a ~ a ~ n p s ~ ~ d n n r ~ ~ . a ' w u ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ? ( ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ t l ~ ~ ~ u ~ n i u ~ ~ n ~ 2 dde fed-
2. ~ ~ ~ P u I ~ R ~ s R L B ~ o I ~ B ~ ? ~ P ~ ~ I Q P ~ - G ~ ~ ~ I u $ ~ ~ R ~ I u I + B I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o P ~ I
n. l0d.15; (F. Redi)
u. w?a%~rEn ( Aristotle)
FI . i l a ~ ?n (Lecuwenhock)
9. nqu&ihalao i (~ouis~s~fc~r)
3 . n ~ s ~ l w n ~ ~ ~ l a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d u d ~ ~ w a i u ~ ~ ~ ~ a ' ~ d ~ ~ ~ ? w ~ n " ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o i n ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ? w ! & d ~ ~ ~ Q
n mr #u~umnkopTsiu'iR y w mrdr-iw j n b ~ q n n r r ~ u ' w ~ ~ i~,ufn
a nisn~ao~~~e~wuoutn 'a~1n7d11~o~a 'upr~~ wrl.rsZ A d "
r n ~ A ' u o ~ ~ a ~ u u a ~ n u ~ n ~ m = : i l ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ 1 ' ~ 1 ~ 1 ~ uoqnqob lhnlmsi
4. ~ X O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ R ; ~ Q R ~ I C ~ U ~ ~ ' I ~ I U X ~ ~ ~ ~ G R ~ I S ~ ~ S ~ ~ W ~ ~ ~ U ~ I U ~ ~ I I ~ ~ B I ~
n. nbpQ~ns r ~6i1uuida-fl~un5'ffw'
u. n~;o~~nnsr~lluuI;'uninu'fi 2
~ 1 . n i ~ ~ ~ n m ~ 1 ~ 6 r i l l ~ ~ n i w w u n i ~ ~ d-
4. ~8~s~aw~.icruatwnwmu 4 44-
5 . C o ~ ~ l ~ u r n r ~ ~ ~ ? R u ~ ~ I ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ P ~ % ~ ~ R I u ~ R ' ~ u o J ~ I I I ~ (Whittaker)
fl. . ~ l Q l l s ' n l ~ % Q I P ~ ~ ~ & ~ ~ ~ ~ E Q ~ W O ' ~ ~ ~ % Q ~ Q . R ' U W ? ~ '
24 a dddt I 24. - 4 lo. mmupnunron l u d ; a ~ m r ~ o i ~ l u o i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ w n i ' i l ~ a n ~ I O ~ donrinvru:!niu&iBtjw9s
Y
n. nisilnniGo (Isolation) Y
u. nirdgnlQo ( I ~ O C U I ~ ~ ~ O U ) Y
R. C I I S ~ P I I ~ D (Incubation)
R. ~ldflf l l~~fl l (Flagella)
4 . ~u%~aeura?er (Mitochondria)
6. uil~tudgnsr<A m & ~ ~ u ~ d l ~ n i g ~ l ? ~ ~ ~ n ' o ~ n r ~ n f i c l ~ ~ l n ~ r ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ d ~ r ' ~ ' i n ~ a ~ v ~ w a d
8. ~ l 5 d l ~ q ~ ~ 2 ~ 1 ~ U R 3 l 1 1 ~ I ~ ~ I I ~ 9 ~ ~ ~ u ' 9 i 9 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ R l ~ ~ O Q 9 ~ 3 ~ 1 I ~ f i ~ ~ U I I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
9u wika(lrn6u~y~l151em 8 ~ 4 ~ 1 ~ n. ?nssTwlou
u. rdilZ%a"$nn~au
n. ~srnpFnrratn~rw~Zu
4. 'IslGulla:$dxiu
9. ~ S ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ Q P R Y ~ ~ ~ U " ~ I ~ ~ U T I n. aziiui
u. . i~iGon
fi. n i ~ i 1 t A 4 u a 9. tcuniSa
lo. ~~i~5a7ueu*nlwrdu~w'in131~a n. ~iniiaiiriaa
w
u. n ~ w s ' ~ a S i ~ ~ s i a
fl. tl:%ll (Amoeba)
ll. ;fl;ul (Euglena)
PT. ~11~lij6~u~(Paramecium)
s, nalnluiiuu (~h~mdiurn)
12. IUfl l f ~ ~ i 7 1 1 ~ ~ w U 4 ~ u 8 9 ~ 3 r ' ~ l 4 ) 1 ~ n 1 f l ~ ' t l ~ ~ l ~ ~ ~ ~
fl. fill !?lulls Zos PI. ~ ~ ~ ~ I S ! ! R Z P I U ~ W
n. ~lru'~uesns ~GaniiEn
4. lasdnfwlw n lo ideu i
u. 4iaa%$t~~ns~uauni~d~i~s1:i#aus~ars
. ~ ? U ~ H ' ~ S ~ ~ ? U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ S ~ U I ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ H ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ R ~ U ~ ~ U ~ ~ S ~ R I I O ~ R ~ ~ ~ 4. hon~uquarnlnaod6ldn~ms1nw" {~lectro~ite) malu!.and
Y Y
3. ~ ~ ~ R I ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ I I Y U ~ ~ P ~ P ~ ~ I Y D ~ ~ " ~ S ~ ~ B Y ~ I ~ I R ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ B U
n, s ~ ~ ~ s d r i i n u ~ e t c i l l ~ : n ~ ~ n i ~ ~ a i i a ~ u ~ a u 4; w
ar. ~ I H I ~ P ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ P ~ ~ u u Q ~ ~ I ~ I w S ~ ~ ~ R AFL I a ucia
R. Q ~ W ~ ' ~ P I P ~ ~ ~ U R ~ ~ I Y L O J ~ ~ ~ dn'6i~1fl219~~%399 I ~ U Nutrient agar
s. ~ ~ H I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ J ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I R o ~ ~ I u G o I I ~ u ~ I I ~ u o u
" 2 2 4. ~ ~ n ~ s ~ i i a ~ ~ ~ o n a a i r ' a n ' ~ u ' u ~ ~ ~ ~ w " f l ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ n ~ uin+~.siaunlnS t n ~ i : ? r u d i ~ r ' Y c ~ ~ ~ n ~ r n ~ % ~
n. naaunl&niqnf d w "
U. ~ ~ T ~ ~ ' L ~ ' ~ ~ B I I I $ B
w. n~~ossaoGuiiuau * I .
9. nirdn~Reaw'o%#ii;~~aiu11~9ni1~ z A .
5 . ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ I ~ I ~ L ~ B J ~ ~ o ~ P I I U R I I ' U ' I ~ ~ ~ , I I X ~ l.fiuqwrJu'~o.ri~ul?m 2448 A~uaioums
1i~ldl4 l u ' o t o ~ n m ~ w a l u ~ o l ~
n. lAollro1n~sll4s~~
u. ti'aldrlad~veta I H I ~ ~
R. i&1#tt~l~jdN$aHuRtId~l~n~.d1~0i~idBI~?~uduu~
4. t A ~ l i r ~ ' ~ n f i 1 ~ e ~ s r n 1 5 ~ 1 ~ ~ d ~ c l f l r i i t r j a w
n. 4 - Decline phase huau u. U = h g phase !vf?d I W
w . R = Stationary phase
4. fl. = Lag phase
n. f l l 5 h (Boiling )
V. arose??n!%+u (Sterilization)
A. fl1511i11& (Freezing)
4. w I ~ ~ I U B ? T IC~I&J (Paskuriza hon)
lo. ~ i e a n e a a d ~ n o d ? ~ ? 5 i ~ ~ ~ u n i ! s "
n. r i 1 1 r i i m & ~ u ~ i ~ m r ~ 1 ~ 9 n 1 ~ ~ ~ ~
u. d1l~i$~qurai7adfi611nz1ii~n1fiin~1~
a. ~ ~ s a u ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ a o = ; ~ l u l ~ ~ ~ ~ a " i i l ~ d ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ n i ~
4. ci~rnaluliuiii~~~u~sIni~~o::vii1#~c11-il~~~iis~~~
4. ~fk?lu iouimi~ loo o4ff11m!+u~l?rn 30 ul?l
12. naeii7ariuvo~~iiuni6'n"u i~ i i~p9du i ~ ~ ~ r i n v p i +,- ;QUOIR ( + nu~ubs l#dr='bud, - nu~uiis r i iu l l l z9od )
n. n~sifiun)~i?m (Parasitism)
u. nirl~fiqiltis (Competition)
fl. n l 5 l f l ~ d g ' ~ & ( ~ n t a ~ o n i s r n ) *
4. nisri?ogn (Commernsalism)
1.
n. n ? ~ q u n ~ r n a ~ a i u <
u. n1u~umm&61uluuo~te~1n6 2 dd=,
R. R ~ ' u ~ x I ~ ~ P ~ u ~ P ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ B ~ E ~ ~ x I % ~ P ~
4. 5'flG1bwa5eu%unlr~ifi
2. !Tl:fi&l !UB (Pyrimidine base) !& ln'h %R
f l . hi iu (G) 1%%1~3~a (C)
%. B:~";u (A) ?%;I4 (T)
W. ' ~ % P s $ u ( C ) 1%:~ (TI
4. n'aGw (G) 0:GGer (A)
3. ~ a % ~ t f l u e s w d n j s ~ n ~ ' u w ~ ~ ~ a i u ~ ~ GIGU~Q (DNA) w
n. 1hosia~tru"~iaanGT'i1uti da~lld~9 I ~ Z I ' L ~ ~ I
u. i i a i a ls l~n dsnrd~ 1ramH Y
a. iiain7sTun dsmdw ~lnz~rwsailw P. ~ I R I ~ S ~ ~ B ~ + ? I ~ U ~ T d0~6d~l s lnznm~ri i~u
dl 9J
4. m ~ ~ u w ~ b ~ l / ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i t ' ~ w ~ ~ ~ r ' ~ ~ n g . ~ u ~ &$ulo n o u o l ~
n. s1fl6uls (RNA)
W. GI~U!O (DNA)
fl . 73 T U ~ S I P I (Ribosome)
9. % R S ~ UITU (Chrommrne)
5 . Jol~~Sumr # ~ ~ u ~ ~ R ~ I ~ & ~ ~ ~ ~ H ' u o ~ I ~ u ~ ~ " I ~ ~
n. mr hduorirn6 (conjugation)
U. ~ 7 3 1 ~ l ! ~ b ~ f i i (Binary f~sion)
fl. n l 5 f i l f h ' Y i 0 ~ ~ (Fragmentation)
4. ~ 1 5 i 7 f 1 9 f l d ~ f (~prulat ioa)
7 . 5 d ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ u m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ ' i ~ 4 ~ i ~ ~ ~ 1 f I T U ~ ~ I ' ~ ~ U ~ ! I I U I R
fl. Fragmentation
'U. Transduction
Fl. Transformation
4. Conjugation
f i - *.
!'have Hmt DNt$ DNA
, . Q
2. ! O U ' ! % ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ R ~ I ~ ~ U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I . ] ~ ~ ~ S I G B B ~ ~ R ~ ~ ~ B ~ R n. !~ola1w~'1~lnl~uu7fl
d 4 s' 91. ! ~dw-aouL \c ln~uv~~
24 4 - J m. !UDuVUnlMrw (Substrate) PJlf~%u
4 d d w J 4. i; 'n~rns~~unumuw~fid~u~u mnsnu~nuu
3. ms ~ ~ ' R ~ D ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ D I ~ I s ~ I ~ I ~ ~ ' u J I I I I ~ G I ~ u 5 G o ~ a ~ r z l i ~ s ~ i & o 4 1 ~
fl. CsH1?06 + 12 KNO] 6H20 + 12KN0, +6C02-t 429000 Cal
v. C,H,p, 2C0,+2C_$150H + 54000Cal.
fl- C,H,,O,+ 0, - KO, t- 6H,O + 688000 Cal.
s. d i f t s ~ l u ~ ~ l ~ d s ~ 6 ~ a 1 ~ i a ~ d 1 u " 1 4 i ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 u n 5 : ~ a ~ n 1 ~ ~ 9 i w s 1 z ~ ~ a ~ 1 I ~ ~ ~
11. n i r d ~ s n n ATP
u. nxsrhfi15 NADPH Y
n. mszrrt~aTu~n~nwo~ii~
4. n~rnfisnnd.i~n0~1w~s"u~u~i~n"1~1~19"pl~~1~~0n%~11~ Y
6. $ U P ~ Q U ~ ~ R ' ~ ~ I ~ Y U L I ~ rnra~n~r+~~~sisw"ldsZu a " a 4 ~ % ~
n. n~c~'si~o~~H;lswszU^tw
u. nisud~sw'n4~m~iun1sw'uqnssu
PI. m ~ n a ~ l ~ ~ i n 6 ~ l i u m w w ' u ~ n 5 f w~ini%duw~
4. n1~1aun'ur~a~fiaw%u~8~~1u~w~GawSTsIwd 2
7. n ~ ~ u a w n ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ n n ~ a ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ p ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ u n X ~ u ~ u ~ i ~ u n ~ ~ ~ auni11~
n. n~sviulo
V. ll€ILiatlJ~la~& (Anabolism)
a. I!~~WIUQ?I&.J (Catabolism)
. n ~ r i?amsi~.H'#-mrrsrs
8. ~ ~ u n ~ ~ % u ' a ~ n ~ n a t f l a ~ ~ n ~ ' i d ~ ~ a ~ i ~ H ' ~ a u ~ ! ~ ~
n. li;a
u. l~~io'%urruw$i?u
R. '51
4. 5t f i
u 1 444
9. p i i u n ' i ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ s i a 1 n t ~ w ~ n ~ ~ ~ a ~ n ~ ' i ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ 1 n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ luna WZAY 3 6
fi. riufiGZa 'll% Bacillus subti1;S
q. ~t~~$t?t l ' l l& &udomonas aem-
R. llfl~5~091U48Penicil1iumaotaftrm
9. $fl6sFu"@ Sacchmmyces cerevisiae
lo. 1iufiffdu%u$e~~ainr1rni~ms1~dn1rriJ"on~8
n. LI'LIGACII
91. i-ialwuasr~sen
w. 9dsr;afi
s. te%lwa?Ga
6. Tnu'iw noa ( ~ ~ b m K O C ~ ) ? A % I ~ W R ~ O ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ " L I I S R G ~ I # ~ , T G R I H n. Isa7wdoai
w
u, I ' i f t i ~ 1 G ~ ~ ~ ~ W R ~ R
w. SsaGIiisr.
n. i$~dl : i78~ (Normal flora)
a. C 7 l l l l ~ ~ ~ r ~ t J (Antigen) Y
9. dalspl (Pathogen)
9. ~ 8 1 R d e ? d i k h ~ u l r a & i ~ i ~
fl. l-ia5os u. 'bran'.3%o
w. T ~ ~ F Y ~ % s I I L u ~ ;
9. % ~ a " l s ~ n n ~ ~
10. mr i i ~ i ~ h ~ 9 u m r ~ i 1 ~ r n n 1 ~ 9 " ' ~ ~ ~ ~ u r i u i 1 u u b 9 d d n. mt ~ ~ U I ~ B ~ H ~ U R ~ R B A V I ? ~ ' ~ O ' R ~ ~ ~
u. naoarquln'i1sn1aai1a~ipTu6u
n. ms l6fu~fi+~nirT~a~rd
4. r n r ~ i i ~ r n u f i p i i i j u n ' u ~ ~ ~ ~ s ~ u ~ ~ 7
I I , n o l n t ~ ~ ~ i 1 r m a ~ ~ ~ l u d h u n l u ~ 0 ~ ~ 1 1 n ] n n d n ~ u ~ ~ e ! ~ o 1 f f \ l i o n i ~ o r l s
fl, ~ I ~ S R ~ S I I ~ A ~ ~ ~ ~ B X I (Immunogen)
u. L$fiu(lmmunify) Y
a. n~rs~!$e(~nfection)
,a. n i ~ n 3 w G ~ Z i u i ~
12. ~ B ~ R I S U R I I U ~ U ~ D W B ~ ~ I - Q I ~ I ~ W ' R ~ I ~ (Infection) H a 2 A
n.
u. ~ ~ ~ ~ & T I R ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I X ~ ~ ~ I ~ I ~ L ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ Q U I ~ " W ' E S ~ " ~ ~ U ~ ~ W d Z L r r
R. nifnnn l u n o h c l n n i a ~ i g u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l a a ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ i i . ~ n ~ ~ ~ s i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u
4. m s d ~ ~ ~ l u ' n ' o ~ u ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' i ~ n ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ u s ~ e r ~ n ~ ~ ~ n ~ a s ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ ~
I
L a w d w
1. uamg Jliznsnllra~ou. Y
Y 2. t~on~ijn~~plifmiou~nao~
3. ~dn~>anmn~o.rriui.~ds=:~4~ 4
5 1U m...................... ...,....... w
4 9 o w 4. A ~ U O I U B H ~ ~ ~ P ~ I ~ J ~ ~ W Y
5. r n u ~ ~ l C i ~ l n z n u c i u ~ ~ a " ~ ~ d u w
6. ~ 3 t ? f i ~ 0 ~ ~ 1 0 ~ 6 1 ~ ~ 1 ~ . . , .
7. nflnlun-l1uilb3~l%n'u35q Y d a y ~a?dxnmn15m.iuub ................. .,..
8. truun~aouii~ldEjn~smq u d a mq Jrzw.tn57u3n .................. ,.... .....................................................................
2 I ol1nnqR d.ru
naw
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