User's Guide For a Computerized Track Maintenance

FRA/ ORD-82/08 DOT-TSC-FRA-81-12

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User's Guide For a Computerized Track Maintenance Simulation Cost Methodology

Richard L. Smith Allan I. Krauter Joseph Betbr

Shaker Research Corporation Northway 10 Executive Park Ballston Lake NY 12019

February 1982 Final Report

This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.

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eUS Department of Transportation

Federal Railroad Adm inistration

0 1 -Track S Structures

Office of Research and Development Office of Improved Track Structure Research Washington DC 20590

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Technical Report Documentation Page1e Report No.

FRA/0RD-82/082. Government Aeeeeeion No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No.

4. Title end Subtitle

USER'S GUIDE FOR A COMPUTERIZED TRACK MAINTENANCE SIMULATION COST METHODOLOGY

5. Report DateFebruary 1982

6. Performing Organi ration Cod.

DTS-7317. Author*) Richard L. Smich, Allan I. Krauter, and Joseph Betor_____

P.rforming Organization Report No.

DOT-TSC-FRA-81-12P.rforming Orgoni xotion Norn, and Addr.s*

Shaker Research Corporation * Northway 10 Executive Park Balls ton Lake NY 12019

10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)RR219/R2309

11. Contract or Grant No.DOT-TSC-1594

12. Sponsoring Agency Norn, and Addr.csU.S. Department of Transportation Federal Railroad Administration Office of Research and Development Washington DC 20590

13. Typ. of Report and Ported Covered

Final Reportleptember'1978-Sep tember*1980l ^ o n ^ n g Agency Cod.

15. Supplementary Net.s

*Under contract to:U.S. Department o£ ;Transportation Research and Special Programs AdministrationCambcidge ..M -02142

rtf1 *. Abstract fo U J&pT ‘ s ' HC " 3 t i " ’ C7 f ' "'0This User s G(iide■describes' oi^\siimâôn vccjS[t ngidjeljng ?fca&hnique:ii4evejiLoped for costing of maint^&hcecoê‘rdtidns or track And its component aitxuqturesL The procedure discussed provides for. separate maintenance cost entries to< bje associated: with definable track substructions {such, as r allT—cra-ua.-n 4 In this manner separate tabulations of maintenance expenditures can be obtained from the computerized technique. . • . ■ __1__•This guide describes the background of the technique as well as provides two examples of tqe application of the costing*procedure. The maintenance posting examples provided illus trate the^jê action diagrams representingthe system bei|ng moablSdvf ™h;^g--fx^p^^ystems^4l>y9iv^'^wneudependent cost estimating and! produce CoStSjby^§a^?|gr'i. the;£lass>,pf<<£?ack*-Qppmponent or sub-structure repaired;| type of %hitt||n|tnc;ie.: ope^;tig£;sas wells aq by; several costing subcategories including laboF', material, equipment, delays, scrap, fines, etc.Although the computer, program is tailored specifically for track maintenance cost analysis, user definable flexibility is built into the analysis. Time-dependent aspects of costs;, which Can vary with track loading MGT, railroad policy, track component quality, and/or Federal Safety Standards, can be entered in the simulation with the aid of user definable functions.

17. I oy Word. .Simulation Cost Model; Life Cycle Cos ts; Maintenance; Track; Track Standards; Track Maintenance Planning; Computer Simulation.

18. Distribution Stotomonf

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MEL^'CE

PREFACE

Inadequate return on investment by segments of the domestic railroads is an underlying cause of many problems being faced by the industry. One of the consequences of poor financial conditions is an inadequate level of track maintenance resulting in steadily rising track-related accident rates and a decrease in operational efficiency. One study of deferred track maintenance estimates that 123 million ties and 25,000 track miles of rail are in need of replacement at a cost of 17 billion dollars.The Federal government has attempted to initiate a variety of programs, regulations, and economic incentives to help the industry respond to these problems One of these programs is the Improved Track Structures Research Program, sponsored by the Federal Railroad Administration. (FRA), Office of Research and Development. This program is exploring alternative approaches to achieve a reduction in track-related accidents; a reduction in track-life cycle costs; and improvements in rail service through quality lower-cost maintainability. This guide is intended to document a simulation cost methodology developed under the program.This work was conducted for the FRA through the Transportation Systems Center (TSC), Cambridge MA. Robert Smith was the TSC Technical Monitor.We acknowledge the guidance and cooperation of individuals from two railroads for their assistance in gathering and defining the necessary data for this effort. Robert Tuve, Manager, Quality Control Engineering, Southern Railway System, and Harry Schultz, Assistant Chief Engineer, Delaware and Hudson Railway, contributed significantly. i

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IV

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section „ tpage1.0 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW ’__ 12.0 OVERVIEW OF TRACK MAINTENANCE SIMULATION COST

METHODOLOGY____________________________________ 42.1 Track Maintenance as a Cost Simulation Problem 42.2 Simulation Technique _ _ _ 82.3 Maintenance Action Diagrams _ ______ _ 102.4 Cost Model Limitations _ 132.5 Data for Model _ _ _ 142.6 Computer Program Structure _ 16

3.0 DATA STORAGE CATEGORIES FOR MODELING ANALYSIS_______ _______ 173.1 Maintenance Action Paths and Diagrammed Repair Blocks 173.2 Track Components and FRA Track Classifications ' 193.3 Cost Descriptor Codes _ _ 20

4.0 TRACK MAINTENANCE ACTION DIAGRAMS FOR COST MODELING_________ 224.1 Maintenance Action Diagram Structuring 224.2 Action Diagramming of Track Inspections & Accidents 254.3 Maintenance Decisions and Deferment Policies _ 284.4 Manufactured Supplies and Scrap Materials _ _ 304.5 Cascading and Reuse of Maintained Materials _ 30

5.0 TRACK MAINTENANCE COST DATA_________ ______________________ 345.1 Model Path Component Quantities 345.2 Cost Data Forms,, Sources, and Types 36t. , ------------------------------

5.3 Concept of System Component Qualities_ _ _ _ 375.4 Functional Parameters and Their Forms 40

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

6.0 SAMPLE TRACK MAINTENANCE SIMULATION COST MODEL RUNS6.1 Background Information on Example Run #1_______ _____

6.1.1 Inspections ____ _ _ _ „ _ _ _6.1.2 Accident-Related Track Mileage Repaired_____6.1.3 Maintenance Capacities of Repair Organization

6.2 Run Input and Output for Example #1 _ _6.3 Sample Run Number 2 Using a Large Data Base File

REFERENCES_______ _________ ______________________________APPENDIX A - Operations Manual_____________________________APPENDIX B - Program Maintenance Manual_________ ___________

♦APPENDIX C - Computer Program Flow Charts_________ ________ _APPENDIX D - Computer Program Listing____________ __________APPENDIX E - Program Subroutines _____ _ __________ __APPENDIX F - Computer.Program Control and Operating Data

File Structuring_____ ___ __________APPENDIX G - Input Cost Data Example #1 (For Simplified

Track Maintenance Action Diagram #1)_______ _____APPENDIX H - Input Data Example #2 (For Comprehensive Track

Maintenance Action - Diagram #2) __________APPENDIX I - Output Costs From Program Run Example #1_____.__APPENDIX J - Output Costs From Program Run Example #2_________APPENDIX K - Track Cost Model Maintenance Action Diagrams____APPENDIX L - Report of New Technology________ _______ ______

45454550505152 56

A-l B—1 C-l D-l E-l

F-l

G-l

H-l 1-1 J-l K—1 L-l

vi

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS\

Figure Page1- 1 Computerized Track Maintenance Programs ___ _ _ __ __ 22- 1 Simulation Cost Model Information Handling ___________________ 52-2 Time Simulation Representation Showing Various Actions

Affecting the Track System Component Quality _ ___ 9

2-3 Maintenance Action Diagram Concepts and Notations Used inNumbering Paths and Split Decision Points _ . . . H

2- 4 Concepts and Notations Used by Simulation Cost Methodologyin Maintenance Action Diagrams _ _ 12

3- 1 Assigned Data Descriptor Codes _ __ _ _ 214- 1 Simplified Maintenance Action Diagram of Track Used for

Example Run Number One _ ___ _ _ 244-2 Different Ways of Modeling Various Inspection Processes 274-3 Conceptual Layout of Simple Schematic Diagram Showing One

Diagram for Each Class of Track _ _ 314- 4 Details of a Maintenance Repair Block Drawn to Handle

Simple Cascading of Rail _ _____ __ 325- 1 Sample Input Data Description___ _ _ 355-2 Component Quality as a Measure of System Condition _ 395-3 Portion of Sample Input Data for Use with Programmed

Modifying Functions_ _ ___ _ __ _ 41

5-4 Simulation of Modifications of Inspection Rate Multipliers and Resulting Rail Qualities and Simulation Costs Observed from Computer Run____ _ __ __ _ _______ ___ _ __ 43

5- 5 Sample Input Data for Modifying Track Inspections With Time___ 446- 1 Description of the Railroad Used for Simulation Purposes___ _ 466-2 Showing Functional Relations Used in the Simulation

Demonstration________________ ____________________________ _ 476-3 Two Examples of Non-Linear Inspection Policies Which Could

Be Linked to Rail Quality______________________________ ______ 496-4 Summary Cost Model Results with and without Inspection

Modifying Function _ _ _______ ___________ ________________ 53

Vll

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

FigureE-l-E-2

E-3

F-l

G-lG-2

r K-i K-2 K-3 K-4 K-5 K-6 K-7 K-8 K-9 K-10 K-ll K-12 K-13

__K-14.

Funct Array Specifications by Column NumberSample Application of a Single Function to Modify the Amount of Track from Track Accidents Being Maintained during Simulation Maintenance Action Diagram Example #1, Path 17Different Functional Forms of Weibull Distribution Resulting from Numeric Adjustment of Shape Parameters A and BArray Storage Structure for Path Data by Array Subscript Number ___ ____ _____ ____________Layout of Data Card or Line File Entry Format __Assigned Data Descriptors 20-49 and Their Units of Measure for Coding __Track in Use, Schematic Diagram Number 0001_ Track in UseRepair Operation _Repair Operation 1 Repair Operation 2 Repair Operation 3 Repair Operation 4 Repair Operation 5 Repair Operation 6 Repair Operation 7 Repair Operation 8 Repair Operation 9 Repair Operation 10 _Repair_Qp_eration_ll_Repair Operation 12

PageE-6

E-7

E-9

F-10G-4

G-6 K-2 K-3

i K-4K-5K-6K-7K-8K-9K-10K-llK-12K-13K-14-K-l-5-

K-15 K-16

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure PageK-16 Repair Operation 13 K-17K-17 Repair Operation 14 K-18K-18 Repair Operation 15 K-19K-19 Repair Operation 16 K-20K-20 Repair Operation 17 K-21K-21 Repair Operation 18 K-22K-22 Repair Operation 19 K-23K-23 Repair Operation 20 K-24

,'ix/x

1.0 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW'N-

The actual total cost of maintaining a segment of railroad track is extremely difficult to ascertain. At the point of manufacture a length of rail, a tie, or a ton of ballast has, at a given instant, a fixed determinable cost. But materials of repair are only a fraction of the overall maintenance expenses.

What about delivery costs, installation effort, and the resulting costs of delaying traffic if the process doesn't proceed on schedule? What about next year's cost? Or a more pertinent question:

WHAT WOULD BE THE COST IMPACT OF SOME PROPOSED MAINTENANCE OPERATION WHICH WOULD ALTER THE STANDARD MAINTENANCE PRACTICE NOW IN USE?

Alterations in a railroad's operating or maintenance procedure can often lead to undesirable economic situations. For example, the conversion to systemwide use of 100-ton hopper cars has increased the rate at which rails sustain fatigue damage.

The task of costing any proposed maintenance practice or policy modification is complicated by:

• The fact that there are almost as many maintenance practices as there are railroads to perform them;

• The constant replacement of system materials;• The unplanned nature of some maintenance operations; and• The everchanging demands of business which can alter the

physical loading of the track structure themselves.

These problems have prompted several attempts in recent years to get a better grip on what it costs to maintain track. In fact, several of these

kapproaches to track maintenance costing were reviewed recently at a workshop on the subject of track maintenance. Figure 1-1 is a summary of some of the types of computerized techniques being used today for evaluating track maintenance costs or performance.

*Track Maintenance Planning Workshop, Penn State University, June 1980.

1

ECONOMIC

SIMULATIONS

DATA BASED MANAGEMENT/REVIEW

ORGANIZATION PROGRAM USE

Canadian National Manpower Planning Railways

P.A. International Job Task Planning

Conrail Track Maintenance Management System

Southern Railway

Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad

Pugh Roberts

Maintenance Planning from track quality indices

Organization of maintenance operations data

Analysis of track related safety options

Shaker Research Simulates maintenance actions and tabulate cost"of track repair

COMMENTS

Data of past maintenance efforts are converted through regression procedures to forecasting formulas for estimating manpower needs by geographic location in the Canadian National Railway System.

Continuous tabulation and updating of projected work for periods of one to four weeks. Identifies through listings the need for people and equipment by regions.

Keeps tabs on manhours by maintenance operation during past year. Data from sample 9 miles of track have been kept in detail on a trial.basis.

Track geometry parameters are measured and correlated with track performance (derailments, rail defects, train delays) and track is identified where scheduled maintenance can be economically justified,Tabulates and records for future reference track repair histories under 110 different accounting codes.

Uses a collection of mathematical equations that describe the various inter-relationships among the safety operational elements of the railroad.

Allows user to simulate his own maintenance practices and obtain cost accounting outputs with time. Provides for cost comparison simulations under user defined maintenance practice modifications.

FIGURE 1-1. COMPUTERIZED TRACK MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS

This guide presents a methodology for computer simulation of track maintenance procedures and costs. The methodology and FORTRAN IV computer program contained herein (Appendix D) provide for:

• Graphic representation of the system being simulated through the use of a maintenance action diagram;

• Costing proposed alternate maintenance action policies or procedures;

• Listing all annual track maintenance costs; and• Maintenance cost outputs at any desired instant during the

time simulation.

This guide has three purposes. These are to present the simulation costing methodology for track maintenance, to cover the details of the computer program developed, and to give examples of its use.

Section 2 of the report is concerned with introducing the methodology. An introduction is given to the use of maintenance action diagrams for setting up a simulation in graphic form. Also discussed are the types of data needed to perform a simulation as well as costs that are handled (and not handled) by the program in its present state.

Section 3 presents details of the specific data categories under which the program holds cost information.

Section 4 deals with the details of representing maintenance actions in graphic form. Sample maintenance diagrams are covered and alterations of diagrams for costing different maintenance operations'and schemes are shown.

Sections 5 and 6 are included in order to give data entry examples and to provide the reader with two example simulations from two separate modeled track maintenance systems. The Appendices contain the computer program, flow charts, cost data examples for test runs, and tabulated output results.

. 3

2.0 OVERVIEW OF TRACK MAINTENANCE SIMULATION COST METHODOLOGY

2.1 Track Maintenance as a Cost Simulation ProblemTrack maintenance costs can be defined as the annual direct charges for the upkeep of track property and equipment. Track property includes rail, cross ties, ballast, and associated hardware fastenings. Equipment refers to those pieces of machinery used for inspecting, installing, and keeping the track in satisfactory operating condition. In early stages of the work for this contract it became apparent that there are some commonly identifiable aspects to these costs and the associated maintenance operations which are performed by every railroad. It also became apparent that there are as many different ways to perform some of the major tasks of track repair as there are track systems in use. Each railroad has its own maintenance policy which has usually been derived from many years of practical repair operations experience.

In developing a methodology for determining track maintenance costs it was desired that:

• the technique be applicable to a variety of railroads' maintenance of way operations,

• the procedure allow for cost comparison of alternate maintenance operations, either real or imaginary in concept,

• the procedure allow for evaluation of the cost impact of proposed safety standards.

The approach taken in the work centers around a general computerized simulation procedure which can handle any user defined maintenance system. The program uses a standard fourth order iteration technique and a time stepping procedure to simulate defined maintenance actions. As a result, non-linear costing information can be addressed by the procedure. Figure 2-1 is a display which represents the cost information handling of the computer technique developed.

4

« ■ ( '

TrackMaintenance Cost Inputs

From

• Accounting Records •Policy Definitions• Business Practices• Accidents• Component Failures• Maintenance Actions• Safety Compliance• Component Life Expectancies

Computer ModelMaps Input Data

to Operating Arrays

Performs Desired Cost SimulationUser Can Control

• Maintenance System Definition• Data File Values• Component Defect/Failure Rates• Cost Output Forms• Frequency of Output• Simulation Timing

Provides Tailored Cost Outputs

FIGURE 2-1. SIMULATION COST MODEL INFORMATION HANDLING

Track"Maintenance Cost Outputs

For

Any Time Interval FRA Track Class Track Component Labor Categories Material (New/Scrap) Handling Expenses Delays/Deferments FinesInspection Resources

I

In any modeling procedure, one must agree in advance to what the model will represent and include. Determining which costs to include as maintenance costs In the modeling process is not simply resolved. Defining what ’'is" or "is not" a track maintenance cost is often ambiguous and should be decided carefully in advance. An attempt has been made in the present study to define a manageable set of cost input data that will provide a useful set of output information about the modeled track maintenance system.

In the model developed the user is able to include or exclude whatever costs he wants. The present limitations of the simulation cost model are determined in part by the cost information or data available to the program. If a cost item is to be included in the model there must be some data to describe the maintenance expense.

For example purposes, the present technique of track maintenance modeling described in this report has been set up to allow at least for those costs listed below.

Maintenance Cost Items Included in Model ReportedLabor on repairs of five track structural components. For example purposes the track was defined to consist of the three major substructures or components (referred to by numbers 1 through 5 in computer outputs):

rail

cross ties

- jointedf 1 '( 2 - welded

i f- wood concreteballast 5 - ballast

Present-day material costs of these new components installed during repair.Cost to keep electrical isolation and/or contact throughout rail structure.Cost of track inspection labor and necessary equipment used in -1he~~insp ection process.Supervisory labor needed in monitoring subcontracted maintenance operations.

6

. Fines accrued for not keeping the track components within safe standards.

. Delays of trains caused directly by the maintenance repair crews. Delays from slow orders imposed as a result of insufficient maintenance upkeep.

. Return costs from scrapping components of system.

. Subcontracted maintenance of the five basic components.

. Delivery costs of transporting new (renewed) components to the repair sites.

. Travel and living associated with getting to and from the repair location if paid by the railroad.

. Cost of heavy equipment needed to perform repairs on basic track structure.

. Cost of fueling or powering certain pieces of equipment such as welders, etc.Accident costs.Rework or refurbishment costs (for example, conversion of used . jointed rail to welded rail).Track idle or closure costs.

Simulation cost modeling can address questions of:• How much does it cost to maintain track?• What are the cost breakdowns within the maintenance system by

defined structural component (i.e., rail, cross ties, or ballast)?• Where in the maintenance system are the most costly procedures?• What savings in annual maintenance can be expected if certain

operations or policies are altered?• What will be future maintenance costs if the system work volume

or procedures are changed?

Maintenance costs are available for output at any time point in the simulation process. This time frozen "snap-shot" of maintenance repair costs and system rates of repair can be used to compare with past or present accounting records of the railroad system being modeled.

7

Single simulation time point costs can be printed and broken out into the following categories:

1. Simulation maintenance action diagram path number.2. Track component (i.e., rail, tie, ballast, etc.).3. FRA track class (1-6).4. Major repair block or type (such as rail laying, surfacing,

etc. For example purposes, 20 separate types were identified.)5. Cost code (for the present example consists of about 15 codes

including):a. Material costs

9b. Equipment costsc. Finesd. Delayse. Scrap return costsf. Contracted costsg. Delivery costsh. Travel and livingi. Six levels of labor

2.2 Simulation TechniqueThe Simulation Cost Modeling (SCM) technique consists of a qualitative and quantitative representation of the maintenance actions associated with the track system being modeled. The qualitative representation consists of a maintenance action diagram which is usually constructed by the user and describes the maintenance actions and their relationship to one another.The quantitative representation is the data set associated with the action diagram. Linking the two representations is the computer program. This program quantifies the modeled actions shown in the diagram, implements the associated data set, and provides a selected set of cost outputs.

The computerized time stepping routine used in the simulation of maintenance actions is a fourth order iteration procedure. Being a rate of change structured technique this algorithm takes into account the rate at which the various track components are replaced and the rate at which they naturallygenerate observable defects requiring maintenance work to be performed.______Figure 2-2 shows this time stepping action and information processing scheme for keeping tabs on the condition or quality of the various track components.

8

SIMULATION TIME SIMULATION TIME PONT ONEPOINT ONE PLUS

A SMALL INCREMENT OF TIME

TIME

FIGURE 2-2. TIME SIMULATION REPRESENTATION SHOWING VARIOUS ACTIONS AFFECTING THE TRACK SYSTEM COMPONENT QUALITY

2.3 Maintenance Action DiagramsThe representation of the maintenance system'takes the form of a pictorial action diagram which describes how the railroad maintains its track. The maintenance action diagram is analagous to a diagram of a water pipe network. Water systems can be represented by drawings which show the various connecting or branching points as well as their distribution pattern. In a similar fashion the cost model maintenance action diagram displays the system being represented. Each of these diagrams has inherent characteristics which must be .understood in advance in order to be used. The piping diagram, for example, through a developed notational convention can reveal pipe lengths, sizes used, elevation of layout, valves, and many other features.

The simulation cost model action diagram also carries with it certain special meanings which are discussed here in order that the reader can gain a more thorough understanding of the details in this pictorial view of the maintenance system. Figures 2-3 and 2-4 display some of the shorthand notation used in maintenance action diagramming. All maintenance action diagrams contain paths or lines with arrowheads which are used for showing the association between various maintenance actions or stand for a maintenance action itself. This shorthand method of displaying the maintenance system pictorially is in one sense convenient and in another misleading. It is convenient in that the overall system may be viewed in a glance, and if the notation is understood, can give an impression of the complexity of its structure. This method is misleading from the standpoint that many of the details of the system cannot be contained fully in the display, and may.lead the viewer to believe that the model is too simple.

Figure 2-3 shows the numbering technique used in diagramming. The path numbers given on the diagram are used for reference in the computer handling of the cost information input and output. Maintenance costs by path number can be selected by the user.

Diagram numbered circles represent maintenance decision points. These decisions define alternate routes whereby two separate actions are defined

' 10

Paths are used to represent maintenance "actions" or simply to act as connecting links that show action sequencing and hierarchy

Each path may have many non-zero scalars associated with its action. These scalars define:• Components that are represented by this path

• Track classes that are represented by this path

• Amount of component on path of amount of component which is being transferred by path

• Rate at which maintenance action is performedLabor rate costing of maintenance workQuality of components to which work is applied

This path represents the balance of the components from path "1" not transferred downstream by path "2"

• Functional operators controlling user defined relationships which can be used to modify system scalars

This path represents that portion of the components associated with path "1" transferred downstream to another point in the maintenance system

FIGURE 2-3. MAINTENANCE ACTION DIAGRAM CONCEPTS AND NOTATIONS USED IN NUMBERING PATHS AND SPLITDECISION POINTS

Path represents amount of track reviewed by inspectors for potential defects .

MAINTENANCE SYSTEM BOUNDARY Modelled- track system—

normal traffic service

Path represents track approved for use by inspection processes

Pcint represents decision ofj changing track operating status. Apply "slow order" or other operating restriction.

Path represents track with operating restrictions and under considerationfor itaintenance.

Point (2) represents decision to replace defective materials such as rail or ties from track being maintained

Path and triangle represent action of scrapping or removal of material such as rail or ties from system

Path represents action of returning track to normal operating status

Path represents action of doing maintenance work on track

Point represents combining of track under repair with new component materials needed for repair or maintenance

Path and triangle represent entry of new component material from manufacturer to point of maintenance

FIGURE 2-4, CONCEPTS AND NOTATIONS USED BY SIMULATION COST METHODOLOGY IN MAINTENANCE ACTION DIAGRAMS

<' V ■ ■ * •<

on the track that is conceptually sent beyond this point in the maintenance system. In addition, the maintenance action diagram often has other notational characteristics needed for representing track maintenance. Some of these features are shown in Figure 2-4 and include:

• The "in use" or "in service" portion of the track system,• The inspection-of-track loop,• The removal or scrapping of defective system components,• The act of maintaining the defective track found from a single

inspection process, and• The supplying or bringing of new components to replace those

being scrapped from the system.

2.4 Cost Model LimitationsThe present maintenance cost model is constrained mainly by the information or data available to be supplied to the program. One could find he does not have sufficient time or resources to collect and enter the data required for a maintenance system whose scope is too inclusive. An attempt has been made in the present study to limit the scope of the required input information while at the same time providing a technique that will yield a useful set of output information about the modeled track maintenance system.

In limiting the scope of the examples used for explaining the model, certain costs have been excluded from the costing procedure. In general, the effects of most of the excluded costs can be obtained, if needed, by operating on the output costs obtained from the simulation cost model. An example would be costs of inflation. Once costs of maintenance have been obtained from the model an inflationary factor might be used to establish final costs including inflation effects.

Although they could be handled by the model, the following cost categories have not been explicitly provided for in the present simulation cost model

13

of the track maintenance system.• Taxes• Cost of money, interest• Cost of inflation• Costs of equipment storage such as housing and land® Cost of bridge maintenance• Cost of signal excitation and transmitting electronics

and housing for such 'J

• Failure sensing and detection equipment• Opportunity costs• Penalties paid to customers for not delivering goods as a

result of track condition or track maintenance practices• Business cost to customers for not delivering goods on time

as a result of shipping delays due to track condition or track maintenance practices

• Loss of business due to unreliable rail service to customers as a result of poor track maintenance.

2.5 Data for ModelThe data base required for running a useful cost model is typically very large. Since a large effort in time is needed in collecting data, it was decided that the data coding should:

1. Provide the model user with an annotated description of the data coded;

2. Allow the user to update the data quickly as new (or more reliable) information about the system becomes available; and

3. Let the user add (delete) associations between data elements without restructuring the whole body of data already established.

Data input structuring for use.by the computer program are explained in Section 5. Examples of data entry and formats are included in Appendices G and H. ____________________ _____________ _______________________

14

Data here are loosely defined as those numbers needed by the computer program to successfully simulate the maintenance system being analyzed. In general, the data required fall into six separate categories?

1. Computer program control numbers.2. Cost and performance rates for every maintenance action

diagrammed.3. Initial annual amounts of components handled on each path

of the action diagram.4.. Condition (quality) of each component at the

start of the simulation.5. Defect generation rates for each component being handled.6 Formulas which control maintenance actions.

The computer control numbers are described in detail in Appendix F. Examples for their entry are given also in Appendix F as well as in Appendix G. Control numbers are used by the program to sort incoming data, define the simulation procedure, and set the type of cost outputs, as well as their frequency during the execution of the program.

Control inputs to data files named "IFILE", "RFILE", and "INODE", allow the user to define and run a simulation for any maintenance action diagram as long as it is a closed network of paths similar to those depicted schematically in Figures 2-3 and 2-4. Two examples of these kinds of maintenance action networks are drawn out in detail in Appendix K. The "IFILE" data set defines for the computer the size and complexity of the maintenance network. The "RFILE" contains real numbers used in the computational cycle, the time length of the simulation, and frequency during the cycle of printing the cost outputs. The information contained in "INODE" defines explicitly the path connections of the maintenance action diagram used in the simulation. This file also contains (see Appendix F) path type codes for describing the various allowable path linkage forms that may be desired in general maintenance simulations.

Costs, items 2 through 4 above (including initial component amounts

• 15

and qualities), are all contained in the path by path cost data entries coded as shown in Appendix G. These data initialize maintenance action diagram path information and contain a commentary entry on the right side. Insertion and/or deletion on a line by line (path by path of the maintenance diagram) basis is allowed for and is convenient for updating the cost data should new information become available.

Track structures such as rail and ties tend to develop defects as they age. Thesp defect generation rates are formed by the program from the Weibull distribution and the data supplied to the "WEIBL" file. This distribution is very general and .is well suited for many engineering components which have finite wear-out lives. The attributes of this distribution and its potential for representing cyclic failure modes are discussed in References 9 and 11. Details of data entries to "WEIBL" are included in Appendix F.

Formula for functional relationships of maintenance actions and/or costs can be entered by the user to modify a programmed simulation. In general, any formula can be written for altering costs and/or path elements. For user convenience several families of curves have been programmed which can be used for this purpose. Entry of special parameter values to the "DATA" file will provide many functional operators for the user. Examples of functional use are discussed in Sections 5 and 6 as well as in Appendix E (see explanation of "FUNCTS" subroutine).

2.6 Computer Program StructureThe simulation program designed for implementing the costing methodology is contained in Appendix D. The listing is over 2500 lines in length and has been broken down into 36 separate subroutines. The full subroutine list by name and file number and in alphabetical order is given in Appendix E.

The program is written in standard FORTRAN IV language. The present version has been set up to operate in the batch mode with all run options being selected before running through the control data files "TF-ILE^—and—VRFILEV-,— For two example inputs, see Appendices G and H.

16

3.0 DATA STORAGE CATEGORIES FOR MODELING ANALYSISEach path of the maintenance action diagram is intended to portray some element of repair work or service action. In order for the costing information to be of use the analysis must provide for the tabulation of expenses under several different headings.

The computerized cost data are therefore kept in the analysis under separate categories. These categories are, in general, expandable by the user (see Appendices F, G and H). The subcategories used in the model examples discussed here include maintenance expenses by:

• Maintenance Action Diagram Path Number• Major Repair Block Operation (usually a collection of paths)• Track Structural Component• FRA Track Classification• User Identified Cost Descriptor Codes

3.1 Maintenance Action Paths and Diagrammed Repair BlocksCost data for the simulation are entered and keyed to the paths of the maintenance action diagram drawn for the simulation. For convenience the paths of the maintenance action diagram are assigned a number when the drawing is constructed. These paths numbers can be assigned in any way by the user who wishes to perform a simulation. It must be remembered, however, that the program stores the input data in matrix form with one of the matrix subscripts being comprised of the path numbers labeled on the action diagram. Thus, in order to conserve computer space (required matrix size), the path numbering should be sequential starting from one. If path numbering is not sequential (often convenient for inserting paths in the diagram at a future time), this will simply increase the program running time.

In drawing the maintenance action diagram it is convenient to encircle or block out regions of the diagram which represent a single repair operation concept. In this way, the total expenses of this "block" or repair operation might be followed. For an example, see the diagram included in Appendix K.In the second example run for the present study, cost summaries were obtained for twenty separate repair or "block" operations (see Appendix J). The

17

twenty repair (maintenance) operation "blocks" were numbered and included:1. Laying New Welded Rail (Method 1)2. Laying New Welded Rail (Method 2)3. Laying New Welded Rail (same wt. welded)4. Rail Change Out (jointed)5. Transpose Rail6. Transpose Rail (dummy rail method)7. Track Panel Installation8. Surfacing9. Smoothing

10. Timber and Surfacing11. Tie Renewal .12. Joint Repairs13. Turn-out Repairs14. Rail Buildup15. Rail Grind

. 16. Ballast Cleaning17. Brush and Weed Control18. Ditching19. Snow/Ice Removal20. Slides/Washouts

These identified track maintenance repair operations need not remain fixed, but can be modified as required by the user. By expanding the number of paths of the diagram a larger or different set of maintenance repair operations could be handled. Also,, if a given track system does hot use one or more of the included maintenance practices, then the path data for those operations could simply be zero.

With this process of labeling groups of operations, two or more similar maintenance operations could be compared by diagramming each operation, supplying the separate cost data, and rating the separately tabulated expenses on the outputs from the model. This was done, for example, in thelaying of__welded- rail— (methods—1—and—2-)—above-;--See out-put—examples—ofAppendix J.

’ 18

3.2 Track Components and FRA Track ClassificationsFor purposes of the examples in this guide, it has been assumed that thetrack system is comprised of five basic components upon which maintenancerepair operations are performed. These five components are:

MajorSubstructure

Computerized Component Number Description Units Used

Rail 1 Jointed MilesRail 2 Welded MilesCross Tie '3 Wood MilesCross Tie ' 4 Concrete MilesBallast 5 Ballast Miles

Therefore, the model provides for storing or tabulating data under categories for any one of the above components for each maintenance action, path diagrammed.

Furthermore, maintenance actions may be performed on various classes of track. Since different amounts and degrees of maintenance may be needed for each of the different FRA track classifications, cost coding of the present methodology provides for associating expenses with any one of the presently required FRA classifications. Classification of track is primarily by speed of operation where:

Class 1 track . ... . . Class 2 track . . . . Class 3 track . . . . Class 4 track . . . . Class 5 track . . . . Class 6 track . . . .

The Maximum Allowable Operating Speed for Freight Trains is --

10 m.p.h.25 m.p.h.40 m.p.h.60 m.p.h.80 m.p.h.110 m.p.h.

The Maximum Allowable Operating Speed forPassenger Trains is — -

15 IQ • P • h e

30 m.p.h.60 m.p.h.80 m.p.h.90 m.p.h.110 m.p.h.

However, several tolerance limits of track geometry must also be held by FRA class (see Reference 10). If data are not available by track class or

19

require other components to be handled* this can be done. By changing two numbers in the "IFILE" data set, the number of track components and track classifications handled by the program, can be altered. Dimensioned program arrays may have to be enlarged if more than the above data subcategories are needed for a given cost simulation. For resizing of program arrays, see Appendix F on file structuring.

3.3 Cost Descriptor CodesSince maintenance expenses are often tabulated in many accounting practices under such headings as materials, labor and equipment, the simulation methodology includes a set of user definable cost data descriptor codes. See codes 30 through 49 of Figure 3-1. Every cost item entered to the program is referenced to these descriptor codes (user account numbers). Summary output costs are then categorized (if desired and selected) under these user defined cost codes (see outputs in Appendices I and J).

' 20

DATA DESCRIPTOR CODES00 50 Time01 Jolnced Rail 51 Federal Safety Standardscn

H 02 Welded Rail 52 Speed2W 03 Wood Ties 53 Load2o 04 Concrete Ties 54 Mgt.& 05 Ballast 55 Accidentso 06 56 Weibull

07 57 Shipping Rates08 58 Income09 59 Design Factors10 Class 0 CA

03 60 Track Gradient Factors11 Class 1 W

E-t 61 Track Curvature FactorsCOCO 12 Class 2 62 Weather Factors3 13 Class 3 63 Crossing Factorsu 14 Class 4 2 64 Switch Factorswu 15 Class 5 a 65 Available Manpower2 16 Class 6 *4H 66H 17 <n4 67

18 o 68 /19 M 6920 Quantity of Component 7021 Quality of Component 71

O 22 Amount of Bad Components 722 23 Amount of Good Compnt 73M 24 74EH 25 75<CL, 26 76

27 7728 7829 7930 Use Quality in Costing 8031 Material Costs 8132 Equipment Costs 8233 Fines 83 . .

34 Delay Costs 84 .

35 Scrap Return Costs 85CO 36 Contracted Costs

uz86'

WM 37 Delivery Costs 8703o 38 Travel and Living W

Q 88aw 39 o

u 89H<2 40 Trackmen Labor « 90CJ 41 Mechanic Labor u

CO 91HCO 42 Machine Operator Labor 1 M

S 92oCJ 43 Machine Operator Labor 2 93 *

44 Foremen Labor 9445 Supervisor Labor 9546 96 • ■47 9.748 9849 99

FIGURE 3-1. ASSIGNED DATA DESCRIPTOR CODES

21

4.0 TRACK MAINTENANCE ACTION DIAGRAMS FOR COST MODELING

4.1 Maintenance Action Diagram StructuringIn simulating maintenance costs for the model, the user represents pictorially the way in which a railroad (or the industry as a whole) maintains its track.This schematic diagram consists of a set of maintenance actions which comprise those performed by the typical track maintenance of way department. Furthermore, these actions are linked with connecting paths (or lines) which show with arrows the order in which these actions are carried out. In addition to representing, the order in which the actions are done, the diagram also shows the exact order in which the computer carries out its cost computations.The simulation cost modeling procedure calculates the cost for each individual maintenance action represented and thus the total cost to maintain the track system under consideration. Refer to References 12 and 13 for diagrams of other systems.

Track maintenance-related actions chosen for an example simulation are:• Inspections and other processes which result in a need for -

maintenance reoair work,• Decisions to carry out maintenance work,• Maintenance repair operations,® Maintenance deferments,

9 Manufacturing supply of new materials (for instance rail, cross ties, etc• Renew or rework shop operations, and

Material scrapping.

Each of these maintenance-related actions involves a complex network of tasks performed by several people of a typical maintenance of way staff. The present simulation methodology involves establishing the maintenance policies and/or proceduresâs they are actually done and in terms of how much (or at what rate) defined work is performed. The various maintenance actions modeled are defined explicitly by the labels on the action diagram; whereas, the rates of-doing the work are defined by the data and functions associated with the paths.

' 22

Therefore, in order to complete the costing analysis it is essential that cost data for each repair action modeled be identified and available for input. Layed out in diagrammed form the above listed maintenance actions could look as shown in Figure 4-1. This diagram contains the essential features of the maintenance actions listed above. This figure and the more comprehensive one shown in Appendix K are presented for the purpose of demonstrating the simulation costing methodology. Each maintenance action diagram contains numbered paths which connect various points of the action diagram to one another. Each line (path) either represents an element of maintenance repair work or just links two or more actions to one another. During the simulation the calculations proceed as depicted in the diagram in that upstream paths are processed first.

Circled junctions (or nodes) of three connecting paths indicate or represent various decision making processes in the maintenance-related work. For example, circled junction in Figure 4-1 represents an inspector's decision as to whether he accepts the track he has inspected (path 1) and allows its continued use (path 2) or labels it as being in need of repair (path 18) by placing a "slow order" or other restriction on its use.

Junction number (Tj in Figure 4-1 represents the decision making process whereby all track identified as being in need of work (path 3) is either passed to the point in the system where it is maintained (path 5) or where work is deferred (path 4).

Areas of the diagram which are shaded represent major repair operations which usually require several paths for their, description. The maintenance repair block shown in Figure 4-1 has two incoming and three outgoing paths which pass its boundaries. The connections of these paths are shown and merely represent the overall nature of performing work on track components which have renew (or rework) shops, manufacturing, and scrap yards associated with them.

In Figure 4-1 junctions (j, and (j3 represent repair actions of addingnew parts to the track system and removing worn or degraded defective parts. Paths 6, 7, 8 and 10 are used to keep tabs on the various rates at which

23

INDICATES NODE BY (N) NUMBER IN CIRCLE SMALL NUMBERS (n)

ARE PATH NUMBERS

FIGURE 4-1. SIMPLIFIED MAINTENANCE ACTION DIAGRAM OF TRACK USED FOREXAMPLE RUN NUMBER ONE

24

o

the following maintenance costs are expended:Path 6 - New parts for materials installedPath 7 - Labor, equipment, and other costsPath 8 - Costs of converting degraded materials to reusable ones

(for example, making old jointed rail into continuous welded rail)

Path 10 - Scrap return costs from materials removed from use.

Setting out in block form the various types of repair work has several advantages in simulating maintenance costs. One advantage is that each repair block may be as complex or simple in construction as necessary and the internal details of the blocked actions might not be shown at all.Examples might include remote rework shops where components are sent for repair. If the repair rates and costs are known the details of the maintenance work in the facility might be skipped and the applied costs be attached only to the maintenance actions as one lump sum or cost per component repaired. This blocking procedure allows the major maintenance actions to be initially simulated and then updated in more detail at a later time when more detail of the repair operation is learned and/or desired.

4.2 Action Diagramming of Track Inspections and AccidentsThe need for maintenance repairs on a given section of track can be generated through inspection reviews of the track or through accidentally occurring incidents. The upkeep and maintenance of track which has been torn up from accidents, washouts, or other environmentally caused events can be costed by the simulation technique. An example of one way to account for expenses of maintenance as a result of accidents is depicted in Figure 4-1 with the linking path number 17. This path is intended for the tabulation of costs required by putting track into acceptable repair after an accident/incident. Data needed for tabulating these repair expenditures can be obtained from FRA reports of annual national reports of all accidents which occur.

Periodic inspections performed by track personnel are made in accordance with schedules set forth in the FRA Track Safety Standards. These inspections are intended to identify potentially unsafe track conditions, as well as yield

25

information about the relative state of deterioration of the track as judged by the people doing the survey. These inspection judgments can often be used for planning or scheduling maintenance work when the track degrades to the limiting condition of compliance with set safety standards or increasing costs.

In complying with either federal inspection standards or with company standards (which can oftentimes be more stringent), unscheduled maintenance repairs must sometimes be performed. Existing standards require repair action be initiated immediately if track is found to be outside the limits of the standard (see Reference 10). In some instances, where repair cannot be performed immediately, a slow-order is placed on that section of track.

Track inspection processes may be diagrammed in a simple way as in Figure 4-1 or in a more complex manner as shown in Figure 4-2. The simplified approach is the single inspection review process practiced by many roads. In such a road the inspector will travel the road on a timely basis (once a day, week, or month) and note various track deficiencies. Within a short time the noted required repairs are made by the maintenance of way staff. Thus* the equivalent of the sent "to repair" operations and the other repair block features of the maintenance system would be accomplished.

Railroads (or specific track structures) may require a more involved inspection process. For example, some roads employ automatic systems for rapid scanning inspections of the rail system; and then back-up the measurements with an on-site personal inspection to establish the exact need or amount of repair.This type of procedure would be more like one of the two or three step inspection processes shown in the diagram of Figure 4-2. Many other examples might be given. Appendix K shows a simulation diagram which has eleven types of inspections, all in the simple one loop arrangement.

The kinds of inspections shown in Appendix K, which include:_____ 1. Federal visual inspections_____________________________________________

2. State visual inspections

. 26

4

M"4

''6Simple One Step Inspection Loop

♦ o Two Step Track Inspection Process

o * o ----- ►<>

A Three Step Track Inspection Process

0

"Send-to-be-Maintained" Paths

FIGURE 4-2. DIFFERENT WAYS OF MODELING VARIOUS INSPECTION PROCESSES

3. Scheduled track reviews4. Federal inspection, cars5. Sperry rail cars6. Sonirail inspection cars7. Track geometry cars8. Rail wear cars9. Track inspected after accidents10. Track reviewed after weather damages, and11. Joint inspection cars

are not so much a model of one road's inspection practices as they are a representation of the nation's rail system as a whole. The intent of the inspection portion of the diagram is to account for the costs of inspection.In doing so, each of these represented "inspection loops" could have various amounts of track, ties, or ballast associated with it annually.

Furthermore, each of these "inspection loops" can be separately used to account for separate inspections on all or just some of the six FRA track classes modeled. Thus, each inspection loop may have in the modeled simulation data up to thirty (5x6) separately specified inspection rates. The model allows for separate inspection rates for each of the five components (i.e., jointed rail, welded rail, wood cross ties, concrete cross ties, and ballast) as well as for a separate inspection rate for each of the six classes of track.4.3 Maintenance Decisions and Deferment PoliciesMost maintenance decisions are modeled with diagrammed branching points.These circled points in the maintenance system provide for alternate decisions to be made on the components represented by the paths drawn. These split points could represent managerial actions or policies which might cause, for example, all track inspected and found defective with cracks to be replaced, or up to 5% of the ties in use to be replaced annually, or any other set of conditions to be placed on the repair and up-keep of the track. It is not the intention here to examine all the various maintenance practices of the rail industry. It is sufficient to say that there are many ways to keep a track—maintained—in—such a way ary—to keep the roadbed structures (rails, ties, etc.) in acceptable operating condition both from a business standpoint as well as from a safety standpoint.

28

The present simulation cost methodology models maintenance policymaking procedures (if they are known for a given railroad maintenance system) through th« use of:

• Simple split points in the maintenance action diagram; or• Functional equations which describe the policy that causes

a given repair operation diagrammed to be executed.Examples of functions being used in the simulation are given in Section 6.

The deferring of maintenance work can be handled in the present methodology in several different ways. In simulating a specific railroad more than one of these methods may have to be used in order to represent accurately all deferring policies and procedures of that road.

The modeled maintenance system shown previously in Figure 4-1 takes the direct approach of setting aside one path which represents the rate at which maintenance work is delayed for a later period. The costs tabulated on this path would represent the net savings (or loss) from two economic factors. On one hand, there would be a savings since some real amount of maintenance, labor is eliminated. On the other hand, repeated maintenance deferment could cause the track structure to degrade to the point where business related revenues may be adversely affected. Degraded track conditions might cause:

• delays in customer deliveries,• more costly deliveries,• more frequent train equipment breakdown,• more expensive repairs when they are finally performed.

Additional approaches to getting an estimate of deferred maintenance costs could be taken with the simulation cost methodology. Although they have not been employed in the costing demonstrations discussed here, these would involve

1. Setting up several maintenance repair blocks which represented the same repair action but would have costs based on the amount of deferred work accumulated.

29

4.4 Manufactured Supplies and Scrap MaterialsAs mentioned earlier, the present simulation cost methodology is in some ways analogous to the flow of fluid in a complex network of water pipes.Supplying and scrapping of materials in the cost analysis have their counter parts in sources and sinks of the water pipe analogy.

The schematic diagram of the simplified maintenance cost system previously shown in Figure 4-1 has three points associated with material origination or removal. The box labelled "component manufacturer" and its attached path (path 6) is where those purchase costs of new materials would be tabulated.Scrap yard paths (path 10) in this case are used to acknowledge and accumulate material return costs realized from selling materials removed from use (e.g., metals).

The label "renew shop" is used for expenses related to putting degraded components such as jointed rail into a usable condition as continuous welded rail. This procedure involves transportation and delivery costs, as well as shop welding expenses in this simplified maintenance picture.

4.5 Cascading and Reuse of Maintained MaterialsIf rail cascading is handled in a cost simulation, then some rail which is removed from a higher class (say class 6) could be reused or installed in a part of the rail system represented by a lower class (say class 3 as displayed in Figure 4-3). In this example the rail leaving the class 6 maintenance repair block along the "reuse" path would appear or be the source "cascade" for the rail being installed in the FRA class 3 maintenance block.Figure 4-4 details one way the "Maintenance Repair Block #1" might be layed out for systems that contain rail cascading in their maintenance operations.

2. Use of functional equations which would modify the maintenancecosts through the amount of maintenance deferred.

This, of course, is only one way to handle cascading of track componentsthrough the use of the simulation cost model. Another way might involvethe drawing of a single large schematic diagram which had "regions" or

30

CLASS CLASS CLASS C LASS CLASS C L M {

N o ta tio n : £bm nAHUF*<TllfUJLS SCUMSCASCADING IUU&E.

FIGURE 4-3. CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT OF SIMPLE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM SHOWING ONE DIAGRAM FOR EACH CLASS OF TRACK

31

©

FIGURE

10

To "Cascade" of Lower Class Track (see Figure A3)

4-4. DETAILS OF A MAINTENANCE REPAIR BLOCK DRAWN TO HANDLE SIMPLE CASCADING OF RAIL

32

"blocks" of paths which are tailored separately to each class of track maintained. Then the movement of cascaded materials would be followed from "class" to "class" with separately drawn lines or paths.

33

5.0 TRACK MAINTENANCE COST DATAA complete set of costing data for the track maintenance cost model will consist of the following information:

1. Annual starting number of components handled on each path of the Maintenance Action Diagram.

2. Quality information on components.3. Unit cost on each path for the maintenance action cost

categories required for the simulation diagrammed.4. Functional parameters for the above entries needing para

metric modifying relationships.

5.1 Model Path Component QuantitiesSince the paths of the simulation model represent maintenance actions, these paths may have various amounts of each track component being acted upon. The simulation process requires the annual amount of each component repaired, worked upon, or otherwise being handled by each path at the start of the simulation. The quantity of each path component is entered as shown in Figure 5-1 (see data descriptor code "20").

As in the case of the fluid pipe analogy it is possible to under-define the system flows by specifying the flows within too few pipes of the system. In the case of the cost model, an insufficient data set would require the user to provide more data. A necessary minimum data set provides component quantities for

1. Each path directly attached to or emanating from every circled split (branch) point in the diagram, and

2. Each manufacturing or scrap path represented.It is not necessary to specify quantities on paths which emanate from summation points in the diagram unless these paths are connected directly to a branch point.

From these initial quantities the computer program can compute and store all system annual repair rates (flows) for every path diagrammed and can store them for simulation cycling. The subroutine entitled "RAWDAT" uses this particular

' 34

Always Path Number to which Data is Referred

PORTION OF SAMPLE INPUT DATA FROM EXAMPLE SIMULATION RUN

Line Commentary After Slash (/)

r001 0 01 2 1 / TO INSPECT00 1 1 20 100 / TO INSPECT001 1 21 . 10 / TO INSPECT001 1 43 20.0 15.0 1.0 / TO INSPECTT. A .... ________ _______ ___ Usually

Then enter one item for each of these Q

• Track Component Number 1-5• Track Class 1-6...• Cost Path? 1 = Yes• Population Change Path? 0 = No• Quality Upgrade or Change? For each

of these% Manufacturing Source Path? six• Major Maintenance Repair Block Number If Used entries• Skip this path in Printout?

Then Enter Data Descriptor CodeIf Code is - •— ..... .... .. __:.

"20" Enter Component Amount (Miles of)"21" Enter Quality of Component

i.e., fraction defective"30" Enter Line Cost Values thatto correspond to this case"49»

Then Enter Functional Description Data Commentary Line and Functional Parameter Data Line; enter data descriptor code, programmed equation number, A, B, C, X , and Y ,

FIGURE 5-1. SAMPLE INPUT DATA DESCRIPTION

<

data entry format. However, alternate entry formats could be generated if the user wanted to take input data directly from his own computer stored accounting records without retyping the information.

5.2 Cost Data Forms, Sources, and TypesCosts for simulating maintenance work can be found in many forms and can be obtained from many different sources. Such sources ass

• Standard accounting records,• Policy definitions,• Business practices,• Accident records,• Component failure histories,• Standard maintenance practices,• Safety compliance standards, and• Published reports

can be used to determine various input cost numbers for simulating track maintenance operations.

Cost data, however, must be entered for simulation purposes as shown in Figure 5-1. These initializing costs are all entered directly after codes "30" to "49". Each cost set entered is-associated with the data descriptor of the same number listed in Figure 3-1 and detailed further in Appendix G (in particular refer to Figure G-2). Costs are entered on a per unit basis. Each assigned cost designator code has its own unit of measure. If the cost entry is material based then the three cost numbers needed are: number of material units per mile, dollars per material unit, and a multiplying factor (usually one (1.0)). If the cost entry can be based upon hours then the three inputs required for each descriptor are: hours per mile, dollars per hour,and number of people (or a multiplying factor).

The entries in each case provide a unit price rate (dollars per mile as it now stands) for every maintenance action expensed on that path of the diagram. By entering the costs on a unit basis they can be easily scanned at a future time and updated automatically where appropriate with the aid of the computer

' 36

editing system. For example, if the labor rates (dollars per hour) increase then the data file can be called tip and changed as needed.

5.3 Concept of System Component QualitiesTrack substructures (i.e., rails, ties, etc.) are considered defective for modeling purposes if some identifiable work needs to be performed on that track in order to bring it within an acceptable level of use. These "acceptable levels of use" are typically defined by some safety standard under which the railroad operates. A set of traclc structural qualities has been chosen as a numeric way to define the fraction of the track system that needs repair wprk. Two alternate definitions of quality have been defined and either can be used. One's precise definition need only be made clear when setting or adjusting the numeric parameters in the computer simulation.

At each time step the maintenance simulation model provides for the replacement of defective components with new ones, such as installation of new track for worn out track. The modeling procedure, however, also allows for maintenance practices that put track structures back into a "like-new" user condition without component replacement. Track realignment, surfacing, and brush control operations are examples of this type of maintenance practice.

Track defect rates of growth are analytically generated during the simulation*with a set of Weibull (Refs.. 9, 11) defect distributions for each track sub

structure modeled. Track system degradation is in the present simulation procedure derived from accumulating defects that are generated from natural causes during a time step, as well as from neglecting to replace all defects that are present in the system at the beginning of the time step (maintenance deferment). Each component is modeled with its own failure rate distribution. The rate at which defects are created can be modeled as either constant or changing with time. In the present examples the Weibull parameters were chosen to keep the defect generation rate constant with time. Data entry examples for failure rate generation of each component for each FRA track class are given in Appendix F (p.F-16) and the Weibull distribution given explicitly in Appendix E (p.E-3).*The Weibull distribution is an extreme value distribution for the smallest time to failure from a large sample of times from a given failure distribution

37

Track component quality (Q) in the present model is defined as a ratio of two measures, the total defective unit amounts (miles) of a. given component divided by the total unit amounts (miles) of that component in the system.This measure has the advantage of simply separating components into two defined "states"; good and defective. This ratio measuring concept of quality is displayed in Figure 5-2. As depicted, this particular concept does not portray the defect concept measure of "how bad is it". Since some repairs or levels of repair may require a measure of defect severity, other "quality" or track component condition measures may have to be developed. This would not be difficult as long as the concept of "quality" as defined for the simulation remains consistant throughout the process of data gathering and output interpretation of the results.

One alternate concept of quality which is possible defines it as a frequency of occurrence of defects per unit measure (mile) of that component. This measure has the advantage of indicating the defect severity on the basis of defect density (number/per mile) of the average defect level for that component’s population.

One way of obtaining the advantage of either measure of quality; i.e., defect proportion based or frequency based measure, is to adopt a minimum unit length (e.g., 39 ft.) which is associated with each defect. In doing so, each definition of quality can be obtained from the other; i.e.,

Defective Proportion Frequency Based * A Constant ofBased Quality Quality Proportionality

MinimumDefect Length, ft.L Defect /

5280 ft. mi.

*In the present form of the cost simulation methodology, the defect proportion based definition of quality has been used. At the present time, this requires the user—to—struc ture—his-track—"quality"—data—in terms—of—that—def-in-i-t-ion.---

In other words.

Defective Proportion Number of Defects Standard Length, Mi.

• 38

NUMBERAT

CONDITION

CONDITION SCALE

FIGURE 5-2. COMPONENT QUALITY AS A MEASURE OF SYSTEM CONDITION

39

5.4 Functional Parameters and Their FormsThe majority of cost models developed to date lack a method of evaluating the cost effects of certain parametric alternatives. The cost advantages (or disadvantages) in terms of track maintenance expenditure caused by _ higher traffic densities, changes in Federal Safety Standards, or an alternate component design, are not usually handled in the traditional cost modeling procedures. The present model addresses these potential variations in the operating system through the identification and use of functional relations.

If a cost or rate of track repair has a known dependence which can be written in terms of either the state variables (component population and component quality) or time, then use can be made of several preprogrammed families of functions which will carry out the definable dependencies during the simulation. Seven families of curves have been already defined (refer to Appendix E). Families of curves; i.e., linear, power, exponential, and others have been programmed for activation and can be "tumed-on" through the use of various data codes. Figure 5-3 shows an example of data entries which makes use of a modifying function (number 7, Appendix E). This equation is used in one of the sample computer runs discussed in Section 6.

In order to "activate" the preprogrammed functions the user must enter two lines of data, as shown in Figure 5-3, directly after the data elements (costs or flows or qualities) to be modified by the functional expression.This procedure allows, basic data elements to be modified in different functional ways by simply entering new functional parameters rather than new data values themselves. Overriding functions onto base data can be easily "added" or "taken-out" of the analysis by simply putting in or deleting the two data lines required per function applied.

If the programmed equation has a user selectable dummy variable (see first five equations, Appendix E) then the dependent function can be linked to the independent variable "X" through the data designator codes 50-79 listed in—Figure—3—-1-;— Although-Simula ticn-time (code-"5'0,t) is-the-only code presently

' 40

M


-Isolated Parameter Data Descriptor Code005 2 20 50 / T O REPAIR005 2 20 7 2.0 39 0 / TO REPAIR

Always path number to which data is referred

"7" means

'20" means

means

Enter up to five real parameter constantsA, B, C, Xq and Yq for programmed Equation "7".

In this case Equation Number 7 is to be evaluated withA = 2.0, B = 39.0, C = X = Y = 0o o

_ Apply parameters entered to programmed equation number 7. See "FUNCT" subroutine.

Apply factor computed from this equation activation to the quantity (flow) of the component this entry is attached.

Entries are for activation of programmed functions

FIGURE 5-3. PORTION OF SAMPLE INPUT DATA FOR USE WITH PROGRAMMED MODIFYING FUNCTIONS

■ l

updated during the simulation it is intended that other isolated parameters such as speed, load, millions of gross tons (MGT), etc., could also be step- wise defined as independent variables.

For example, if one wanted to "modify" the annual amount of rail inspected over a ten year period as depicted by the dashed line on the uppermost graph of Figure 5-4, then he would enter the two data lines as shown in Figure 5-5.

The net results to the simulated systems "rail quality" and cumulative maintenance expenditures caused by this "modifying” fmetion on inspection rates is shown in the lower two graphs of Figure 5-4.

•42

MILLIONS O

F DOLLARS

QUALITY

MULT

IPLI

ER

FIGURE 5-4. SIMULATION OF MODIFICATIONS OF INSPECTION RATE MULTIPLIERS AND RESULTING RAIL QUALITIES AND SIMULATION COSTS OBSERVED FROM COMPUTER RUN

43


O i l 1 20 S / GOOD HTRL.O i l 0 01 2 1 0 0 0 1 / GOOD HTRL.o n 1 20 10 / GOOD HTRL.01 1 0 02 2 1 0 0 0 1 / GOOD HTRL.0 1 1 1 20 15 / GOOD HTRL.001 0 01 1 1 / TO INSPECT.001 1 20 700 / TO INSPECT.001 2 2 0 50 / TO INSPECT.

*001 2 20 5 2 . 0 2 . 0 1 . 0 6 . 0 5 . 0 / TO INSPECT.•C'-c-

Two data lines, If inserted, will "modify" rail inspections as shown in previous figure over simulation time span. Isolated parameter "50" simulation "time" will be used as independent variable through Equation 5 of FUNCT subroutine

FIGURE 5-5. SAMPLE INPUT DATA FOR MODIFYING TRACK INSPECTIONS WITH TIME

H

6.0 SAMPLE TRACK MAINTENANCE SIMULATION COST MODEL RUNSTwo example case runs of the computer simulation model were chosen for inclusion in this report. They include:

Example #1. A ten-year time based simulation which shows a comparison of two alternative inspection policies which are known to vary with time, and

Example #2. A test run which depicts a single time point costing (zero year) of a large hypothetical maintenance of way system.

The first example is intended to portray a small railroad whereas the second would be a larger, more complex system, such as that which makes up the full 200,000 miles contained within the United States. These maintenance systems were generated for example purposes; however, run number 2 contains many base line cost elements (see comment line inputs of Appendix H) which were drawn from References 1 through 7.

6.1 Background Information on Example Run #1A hypothetical Alpha Railroad maintenance system was defined. This system is detailed by the information given in Figures 6-1, 6 2, Appendix G, and the previously presented maintenance action diagram of Figure 4-1. The example run consists of a set of base data plus three overriding functions which pertain to:

1. The amount of track inspected per year (function linked to time of simulation).

2. The number of accidents which can occur (function linked to defects in track).

3. The maintenance capacity of the maintenance of way department after the rail has been identified for repair (function linked to repair resources available at start of simulation).

6.1.1 InspectionsThe inspection rate of rail can often be placed on a time basis (see Reference 10) . This cycle time is usually on a weekly or monthly basis but can be more often in typical operations. The major expense of

45

Road Name: ALPHA RAILROADSchematic Diagram Used: 0001 SYSTEM

TOTALS

FRA TRACK CLASSES 1, 2, 3 FRA TRACK CLASSES 4. 5. 6Component 1 Component 2 Component1'! Component 2Jointed Rail Welded Rail Jointed Rail Welded Rail

700 miles 50 miles 100 miles ' 150 miles.011/mile ,02/mile .01/mile None

Variable based on rail quality .02/mile .01/mile Nonefunction

.1 a .1 .1100% Defects 100% Defects 100% Defects 100% Defects

10% '16% 10% 0Variable based 1 on simulation 1 Total Total Totalfunction I

20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years32 years 32 years 32 years 32 years2 2 2 2

80% 80% 80% 93%

Net Unused Net Unused Net Unused Net Unused

Systems Size Accident Rate (Initial)

Track TradkTrack Accident Rate (Daring Simulation)

Initial Track QualityRepdir/Inspect PolicyMaintenance Deferment Policy Assumed

Maintenance Overload Capacity

Average Component Age Characteristic Component Life VJeitull Slope Rail Reuse Realized Rail Scrap Fraction

1000 miles .01/mile

(per class only)

.1

100% Defects

(per class only)

(per class only)

20 years32 years

2

(per class only)

(per class only)

FIGURE 6-1. DESCRIPTION OF THE RAILROAD USED FOR SIMULATION PURPOSES

AccidentFraction-Present.'•Initial1'

SIMULATION OF TRACK RELATED ACCIDENTS (Classes 1, 2, 3 Jointed Rail Only)

MAINTAINABILITY OF IDENTIFIED DEFECTIVE RAILS (Classes 1, 2, 3 Jointed Rail Only)

, Present . 'Base Amount'

FIGURE 6-2. SHOWING FUNCTIONAL RELATIONS USED IN THE SIMULATION DEMONSTRATION47

of inspection is the transportation and labor of performing the task.In some operations the inspector also has "immediate repair" obligations if they can be handled with the small amount of equipment he carries.The present model has two assumptions imposed upon the inspection cycle. First of all, the inspection loop sends toward the maintenance repair block all the "defective" track found during the inspection cycle. Secondly, the amount of track inspected during the simulation of this example is escalated on the schedule shown previously in Figure 5-4 of the last section. This variable amount of inspection based on time in this example, portrays the program's ability to alter maintenance action path flows through functional parameters (see input data for path 1, Appendix G). In addition, this inspection escalation with time follows one of two scenarios expected if certain future plans to rejuvenate the track system, are executed, (Reference 8).

In a recent report by Dr. Orringer (8) of the Transportation Systems Center, it has been recognized that different remedial inspection procedures could be implemented in order to rejuvenate substandard track.Two alternate inspection policies were reviewed as new approaches to implementing modifications in standards such as the one outlined above.

These inspections procedures were labeled as the:1. Interim Revision Plan, and2. The Defect-Rate-Based Revision Plan

Either of these plans, if implemented, would have a time-varying impact on present day inspection resources. The net expected impact on these resources was depicted graphically in previously shown Figure 5-4 of Section 5.

In general, any formula which generates a simulated inspection procedure could be used. Two examples not exercised in the present program which could be implemented are shown in Figure 6-3. These inspection rates are shown to be linked to the quality of the rail in the system , but in general, could be associated with other variables such as traffic density or average car loading.

48

Two Non-Exercised Hypothetical Inspection Policies Which Might Be

Based on Rail Qualities

NoDefects Quality of Rail

FIGURE 6-3. TWO EXAMPLES OF NON-LINEAR INSPECTION POLICIES WHICH COULD BE LINKED TO RAIL QUALITY

Each is depicted as increasing the amount of inspection as the rail gets worse. In particular, the discontinuous inspection schedule (plot "B", Figure 6-3) would have a tendency to create step like changes in the amount of track repaired, if the track passed toward the maintenance block were based on the amount of inspection performed. This type of simulation would imitate the case where the probability of finding defects in a system would be proportional to the amount of effort spent in reviewing the system.

Other policy concepts might also be added to alter the amount of rail sent toward the maintenance block from the "inspection loop". Such practices of sending (or finding) 50% of all defective rail in the system could be implemented. This type of simulation would represent an automated inspection car that has the feature of only finding some fraction of the defects because of its design limitations.

6.1.2 Accident-Related Track Mileage RepairedFor simulation, the Alpha Railroad was assumed to have accident- associated track and the mileage of that track was assumed to depend on rail quality. This dependence of the accident-associated track mileage was used only for jointed rail in FRA track classes 1-3. The dependence is given in Figure 6-2 as the ratio of the accident-associated track mileage to the initial mileage at the start of the simulation.The figure shows that the accident-associated track miles repaired goes down linearly as the condition of the rail improves (see Reference 14). The accident-associated track mileage for perfect rail condition (quality=0) is that associated with accidents not caused by the track but nevertheless requiring track maintenance.

6.1.3 Maintenance Capacities of Repair OrganizationThe example run #1 contains a function which provides for varying amounts of track to be deferred during the simulation. The selected function was chosen to reflect the fact that certain maintenance of way organizations have limited resources.

' 50

For this example, a simple limiting factor of two (2) over and above the originally defined rail defect repair capacity was chosen. The lower portion of Figure 6-1 shows the simulated association between the amount of rail designated as in need of repair and the amount which is passed along to the maintain path. As the amount of rail needing repair goes up, more rail is then deferred on the argument that the maintenance system is being stretched to more of a limit than it can respond.

6.2 Run Input and Output for Example #1.-The input data for example run #1 of the simulation model are the contents of Appendix G. Shown in Appendix I are the outputs which include:

• Program Run Information* Data File Used* Simulation Description* Weibull Parameters Used* Active Functions with Parameters

• Annual Maintenance Costs by Simulation Time Point* Five Time Points (0-2 years)

• Track Maintenance Cost Summary Table* Costs by Designator Codes 31-49* Costs by Track Class* Costs by Track Component* Costs by Major Maintenance Repair Blocks

The program outputs for this simulation period reveal that:• Maintenance expenditures per year decrease as the time of

the simulation proceeds.• The simulated track condition ultimately improves as time

proceeds. The average qualities of each rail type by class drop to separate levels even though they were initializedto the same starting value.

. 51

In order to get an impression of how some features of the simulation influence the results, a similar run to the above was made. This alternate run was made with one change in the input data. Equation number five which modifies the inspection cycle was deleted.. All other inputs were kept constant.

Deletion of the inspection modifying function provides an output for comparison between the alternate inspection policies assumed. See Figures 6-4 and graphs of previously discussed Figure 5-4 for comparison of results. In comparing the maintenance costs with (modified) and without (base) inspection modifiers it can be noted that;

The modified Inspection Plan brings the track to a "better condition" more rapidly than the reference base simulation (see first two columns Figure 6-4).The modified simulation results in a track condition which is ultimately better than the base simulation maintenance practice (see Figure 5-4). „ ’The annual cost to maintain the track under the modified simulation conditions is slightly greater than the base maintenance case (see Figure 5-4).The total cumulative difference in maintenance expense after ten years with and without the imposed inspection modification is 3.1%.

In summary, these simulation comparison runs with time have shown some of the modeling capabilities of the present simulation cost methodology. The interrelated effects of changing inspection procedures and the realizable quality of the rail and the net associated cost results are shown.

6.3 Sample Run Number 2 Using a Large Data Base FileMaintenance cost operations data obtained from references one through seven were used to generate the elements of the input data. These input data are listed in Appendix H. The data values are keyed to the complex maintenance action diagram #2 shown in Appendix K.

52

YEAR

SYSTEM RAIL QUALITIES TRACK MAINTENANCE COSTS%

IncreasedCost

Class 1,2, 3 Track Class 4.5. 6 Track ANNUAL RATES CUMULATIVEJoirlted Held ed __.Inlnt-eH__ __Uelded__

Base Run Modification Base Run ModificationBase Mod Base Mod Base Mod Base Mod

0 .1000 .1000 .1000 .1000 .1000 .1000 .1000 .1000 5312979 5312979 5312979 5312979 0.5 .0761 .0759 .0737 .0737 .0737 .0737 .0751 .0751 4009673 4035933

1.0 .0651 .0640 .0585 .0585 .0585 .0585 .0603 .0603 3337871 3404821 8650850 8717800 .70%1.5 .0597 .0568 .0497 .0497 .0497 .0497 .0516 .0516 2974604 31123442.0 .0569 .0509 .0446 .0446 .0446 .0446 .0465 .0465 2773460 2990914 11424310 11708714 2.49%2.5 .0555 .0456 .0416 .0416 .0416 .0416 .0435 .0435 2660741 29086883.0 .0548 .0415 .0399 .0399 .0399 .0399 .0417 .0417 2597199 2819514 14021509 14528228 3.6%3.5 .0544 .0389 .0389 .0389 .0389 .0389 .0406 .0406 2561299 27443244.0 .0542 .0376 .0384 .0384 .0384 .0384 .0400 .0400 2541037 2694137 16562546 17222365 3.98%4.5 .0541 .0370 .0380 .0380 .0380 .0380 .0396 .0396 2529659 26617255.0 .0540 .0369 .0379 .0379 .0379 .0379 .0394 .0394 2523342 2634560 19085888 19856925 4.0%

LO .0539 .0435 .0376 .0376 .0376 .0376 .0391 .0391 2518858 2580861 31675236 32668898 3.1%

FIGURE 6-4. SUMMARY COST MODEL RESULTS WITH AND WITHOUT INSPECTION MODIFYING FUNCTION

This complex diagram is intended to portray a composite of several railroads since this model contains:

• Eleven separate modes of inspection, and• Twenty individual major maintenance repair operation blocks.

This model might be used to represent, if desired, all railroads within the U.S. as a composite. Although some single railroads could be simulated with the complex diagram shown most roads do not have many of the features incorpo rated in this complex model.

For example purposes then, some of- the data contained in Appendix H was devised for a hypothetical road of 200,000 miles in length and assumed to be comprised of "all" features of the complex diagram. Much of the maintenance gang work laid out in the various major repair blocks (see twenty separate operations of Appendix K) were drawn up from conversations, with railroads consulted during the project. Individual manpower performances as well as material quantities and unit costs entered to the data file of Appendix H have been obtained from references 1 through 7 (see commentary of data file).

A summary output of the single time period from this hypothetical maintenance system is given in Appendix J. Notable features of this example run are listed both in the heading of the computer run output, as well as in the summary (last page of Appendix K).

Run assumptions include:• This system is represented by a maintenance action diagram with

about 575 paths and 201 diagram junction points.• The system has 5 components:

Jointed Rail Welded Rail Cross Ties Concrete Ties, and Ballast

. 54

• Due to the complexity of this data set only one FRA track class was assumed.

• No overriding functions were used in this example run to modify any of the initial data values.

• The total mileage was assumed to be roughly split 50-50 between welded and jointed rail.

Output features include:• Summary costs of maintenance by path number of the modeled

maintenance action diagram.• Materials and labor make up the majority of the maintenance

repair costs for this single year's expenses (see cost codes 31 and 40 to 45 of the Track Maintenance Cost Summary Table; last page of Appendix J).

• Rail is the most expensive of the five components to keep up.• Maintenance repair blocks one through four account for most

of the maintenance costs (these represent rail laying operations).

The execution of this program simulation requires about one to two minutes wall clock time, as opposed to the same time for twenty time steps used in example simulation run number 1 discussed previously. This time is for a PRIME 350 run with data being held on a hard disk drive unit. Each of these program simulations have been performed in less time with an altered "PATHIN'V "PATOUT" subroutine than hat shown in the listing of Appendix D. The altered subroutines used direct addressing schemes, to and from the computer disk which eliminated the required large computational "RARAY" used for storing the data elements during program run.

55

REFERENCES1. Danzig, J. C., Hay, W. W., and Reinschmidt, A. J., "Procedures for

Analyzing the Economic Costs, of Railroad Roadway for Pricing Purposes," Final Report, Vol. 11, 1976, FRA, Washington, D. C.

2. "Yearbook of Railroad Facts," AAR, 1977.3. "Official Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules," AAR, 1978.4. Danzig, J. C., Rugg, J. A., Williams, J. H., and Hay, W. W., "Procedures

for Analyzing the Economic Costs of Railroad Roadway for Pricing Purposes," Final Report, Vol. I, 1976, FRA, Washington, D. C.

5. "Track Cyclopedia," AAR, 1978.6. Based on consultation with small railroads.7. Based on consultation with large railroads.8. Orringer, 0., "Assessment of Impact of Proposed Revisions to Rail

Inspection Portions of Track Safety Standards," U.S. Department of Transportation, January 1979.

9. Nelson, W., "Hazard Plotting Methods for Analysis of Life Data with Different Failure Modes," Journal of Quality Technology, Vol. 2, No. 3, July 1970.

10. FRA Safety Standards11. Collacott, R. A., "Mechanical Fault Diagnosis and Correction Monitoring,"

J. Wiley & Sons, NY, 1977. '12. Krauter, A. I., and Smith, R. L., "A Methodology for Evaluating the Main-

tenance of High Speed Passenger Train Trucks," Final Report ContractNo. DOT-TSC-1308, Report No. FRA/ORD-78/73 Dec. 1978.

13. Smith, R. L., Krauter, A. I., Betor, J., "User’s Manual for the Maintainability Methodology for High Speed Passenger Train Trucks," Final Report, Contract DOT-TSC-1619, April 1980.

14. Pugh-Roberts Associates, Inc., "Preliminary Modeling Activities for a Simulation Study of Track Caused Accidents," Cambridge, Mass., Nov. 1978.

• 56

APPENDIX A

OPERATIONS MANUAL

1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 Summary

The CONTRL program is designed to simulate the operation of a railroad track maintenance system and compute the changes in track inventory population and costs over a desired time period. The program has the capability of producing a base case for the system and outputting the state of the system at selected time steps.

1.2 EnvironmentsThis program was developed for DOT by Shaker Research Corporation under DOT-TSC-1594.

1.3 References See Section 7.

2.0 OVERVIEW

2.1 Problem and Solution MethodRefer to example program runs 1 and 2 with data explanation in Section 6.

2.2 Program Inventory2.2.1 Main Program: CONTRL"CONTRL" is an extremely modular program for calling required subroutines as required through data selections specified.

2.2.2 SubroutinesRefer to Appendices C, D and E which consist of flow charts, listings and further explanations by name.

A-l

2.3 File InventoryCONTROL/6IFLAGIFILERFILEINODERNODEFUNCTSTATEWEIBLDATAOUTPUT

Source Program (Appendix D)Diagnostic control file Integer Controls for Program Options Real Controls for Program Options Diagram Path Linkage Designators Split Fractions for all junctions Array Function evaluation Parameter Storage System quantity and qualities Component Failure Rate Distributions User input cost operations information Receiving file for output storage.

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF RUNS

3.1 Run Inventory1. Base Run: Given a set of system flow inputs and node decision

parameters, the run will produce the corresponding system flows and costs by path and code.

2. Time Simulation Run: Given a starting population state, a timestep, and an ending time, the run will use the Runge-Kutta method to determine the change in state for each time step. The technique requires sufficiently small time steps in order to maintain accuracy.

3.2 Run ProgressionIn all cases the Base Run is done first. To select other desired run optionsthe control indice values stored in the IFILE and RFILE must be altered.See Appendices F, G, and H for examples. <

3.3 Run Description3.3.1 Control Inputs_____________________ ____________________The first eight files are read in through subroutine DATAIN on FORTRAN

A-2

units 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, and 16, respectively. DATA, is read in the RAWDAT subroutine on a file unit set from IFILE, so alter the IFILE data accordingly. Output is written to a unit set in IFILE as well.

3.3.2 Operating Informationa. Base Run: see input/outputs of Appendices H and J.b. Run Time: 2.0 minutes CPU. 3

Turn Around Time: 3.5 minutes total on PRIME 350.c. Operator messages and commands: NONEd. Trouble Shooting: All control is through IFILE and RFILE.

See example explanations in text and appendices or contact the authors.

A-3/A-4

APPENDIX BPROGRAM MAINTENANCE MANUAL

1. General Information1 .1 Snnmia-ry

This program was written under standard FORTRAN IV conventions and consists of a main program, subroutines called by the main program only, subroutines called by the main program and other subroutines, and subroutines accessed solely from other subroutines. There are no recursive calls. The program is supported by two types of data files distinguished by purpose, those with program control values, the rest with calculation data. The software package of main program, subroutines* and data files is completely self-contained except for the standard FORTRAN functions which must be provided by the user's compiler.

1.2 EnvironmentThis program was developed for DOT by Shaker Research Corporation under DOT-TSC-1594.

1.3 References"Life Cycle Cost Methodology for the Evaluation of Proposed Track- Related Safety Standards", Smith, R., Krauter, A., Shaker Research Corporation, Ballston Lake, N.Y., Final Report prepared for Department of Transportation/Transportation Systems Center, Contract No. DOT-TSC-1594, February 19, 1979.

2. Program Descriptions2.1 Program Description - Control

2.1.1 Problem and Solution Method. The problem was to set up a mathematical model to simulate the maintenance system for track. The solution was to set up a diagram of nodes and paths. The paths represent various steps and operations of the maintenance process. The nodes, depending on type, either combine the flows on two incoming paths and send the

B-l

combined flow down the single outgoing path, or determine how to split up the flow of an incoming path between two outgoing paths. Beginning with the information from some starting path, the program sweeps through the diagram, filling in the flows and qualities for all downstream paths. There are four basic path types, in-use, intemodal, manufacture, and scrap. There is only one in-use path, it contains the system population, and quality for all components. Intemodal paths represent maintenance operations or movement of components between nodes. Manufacture paths enter the system: the flow on each such path is always set equal the defective portion of the flow in the path it is summed with. The scrap path permits unrepairable units to leave the system.Any path that leaves, enters, or in any way alters, the system quality or population, is monitored to keep track of total system change.

A single sweep through the diagram using equilibrium values for the start path, will produce a base run. By taking the system change in state from a sweep, and applying the Runge- Kutta technique, the program simulates operation through time.

2.1.2 Input (See Appendices G and H for listings). Input is from nine data files, read in the following order: IFILE, WEIBL, INODE,RNODE, FUNCT, STATE, RFILE, IFLAG, and DATA. The first eight are read in by the DATAIN subroutine. DATA is read in the subroutine RAWDAT. (NOTE: These file names correspond tothose of the sample run provided with this manual. The file names may be changed to suit the user without affecting the program as long as they are read in the proper order.) Files IFILE, RFILE and IFLAG are of the control file type described in Section 1.1. DATA is actually a combination control and cost information with a control data line for every block of flow and costs. Detailed file descriptions andTTormats are presented separately in Appendix F.

B-2

2.1.3a. Processing Logic

The main program is faced with two primary tasks. It must first read in, sort, process and store data to be used in the second task. It then must simulate the operation of a track maintenance system with the processed data. To accomplish these goals, the main program acts as a central control area (hence the name CONTRL) calling subroutines as required. The course of action taken is heavily dependent on the first subroutine called, DATAIN. DATAIN reads and stores most of the control variable values used (see Section 2.1.2 and Operations Manual Section 2.2 for greater detail). DATAIN also reads in precalculated population and node split values if base path data is not to be used.

If base data are used, subroutines INTDAT, RAWDAT, and NDVAL are called respectively to clear data structures, to process the base data, and to calculate node split values. This completes the first task, and if the data structures are permanent, the program can be halted at this point and restarted later. (Data structures will be altered to best suit the users machine by simply changing the PATHIN and PATOUT subroutines-)

The second task, of actually simulating the system operation is handled by calling the SWEEP rubroutine (called MAIN in early versions of the program) . SWEEP handles all aspects of node sweeps, time simulation, and output.In the batch mode version, SWEEP will be the final main program call before CALL EXIT.

b. Data Structures and LinkagesAll data, with the exception of control variables, are

B-3

stored and referenced by the corresponding class-component. Class-component always goes by column, with nodes, paths* and Weibull factors referenced by row. The large real data storage structure for path data may be envisioned as having blocks of columns for each class-component (even though it may be stored as a single sequential file with a calculated positioning).

There is only one instance of a linked or threaded list.In DATA2, FPLACE, and LNKLST functions are stored as read in, in a temporary file. A pointer array is sorted and after the last function for that class-component is read, the pointer array is used to store the function data in the FUNCT array in the proper order.

c. Variables and ConstantsAny non-declared names come directly under the control of the IMPLICIT statement that leads the main program and every subroutine. This program was written by several people, with many key subroutines being started before nomenclature conventions were established. This resulted in some cases of the same variable having many different names in different subroutines. Despite this, several important variable names retain their meaning through most of the program.

IMPORTANT VARIABLES AND CONSTANTS

Name DescriptionISTND Starting node, usually set to 1, but may be set higher for

partial sweeps.LSTND Last node checked.ISTPH Lowest path number. Paths need not be---------------- numbered—sequentially-,----- ---------------------------LSTPH Highest path number.

B-4

o

Name DescriptionISTCL First class number, like ISTND may be greater than

partial runs.1 for

LSTCL Last class checked.ISTCP First component.LSTCP Last component.LSTFt Number of flow property columns in a class-component block

of RPATH arrays.ISTCT Number of columns preceding first cost column in a

component block (equivalent to LSTFL).class-

LSTCT Number of cost columns following first.IIDM IPATH array dimension.IRDM RPATH array dimension.IBDM Class-component block size in RPATH arrays.NDOUT Final out path indicator.NREFP, NRPTH In-use path number.IUNIT Output unit.IRP RPATH array reference index for present class-component

block. Calculated in RCOLUM subroutine.IRCOL STATE, RNODE, and WEIBUL array reference column for

class-component. Calculated in RCOLUM subroutine.current

STIME Simulation start time.DTIME Simulation time step.LTIME Simulation end time.LNTHST Number of STATE array columns.IP1, IP2, IP3 Path numbers from INODE.IBRSH Branch node indicator.ICDEF Simple of defective decision indicator.IREFP• Branch node reference path indicator.IPDT1, IPDT3

IPDT2, Population change path indicators.

ISGN1,ISGN3

ISGN2, Population increase or decrease indicators.

IQDT1, IQDT3

IQDT2, Quality change path indicator.

IMFG1,IMFG3

IMFG2, Manufacture path indicators.

B-5

RCPs RCP1, RCP2, RCP3RCQs RCQ1, ’ RCQ2, RCQ3ICOST, ICST1, ICST2, ICST3IPRNT, IPRTl, IPRT2 , IPRT3ICLicpIIROW CDE - PCOST1 DPS DPOP DB, DBAD USEQBAD, BAD1, BAD2, BAD3QUAL, QUAL1 QUAL2, QUAL3FCOSTINDl, INDL, II 12, 13J, L. K, etc.

Name

Population rate of change.

Quality rate of change.

Cost calculation indicators.

NORMAL print output indicators.

Current class.Current component.Current node.Branch node split value.Total sweep cost.Change in population.Change in defective pouplation.User quality indicator.Defective flow.

Flow quality.

Function value.Do loop parameters.

Indexing, etc.

d. FormulasFormulas and a full explanation of each may be found in Appendix E.

e. Error HandlingThe program has built-in logic to avoid errors like divide by zero. Other errors, such as incorrect path numbers, will call the ERRORS subroutine allowing the program to continue. Major errors such as format/mis- matchrwill cause the program to halt.

Description

B-6

e. LimitsThe program, as.set up, cannot handle more than:

30 class-components 300 nodes (path junctions)600 paths2 path properties (flow and quality)19 cost codes per class-component

To exceed these limits, the affected arrays must be expanded. If more path properties are desired, the program will have to be redesigned.

The program is also limited to one run type at a time.To change run type, the user must alter the control values in IFILE and EFILE to the appropriate run set up.

2.1.4 OutputOutput is primarily done through subroutines OUTPT and HEADNG. OUTPT is called from many other subroutines to output path flow and costs, system states, and system costs. HEADNG is called from SWEEP prior to any output to write the output file heading. All other output, with one exception in NORMAL, will be diagnostic and in the users version c.ould be commented out. Output device selection will be through variable IUNIT, which is set from the IFILE file. (See Appendices I and J for output examples.)

2.1.5 InterfacesThe program will input data from a maximum of nine different units, and output at most through two more. The base path data file, the diagnostic outputs, and the result outputs are set by values selected by the user and carried in the control file IFILE. The remaining data files are read by - the DATAIN subroutine, on constant unit numbers; IFILE on unit 8, WEIBL on unit 9, INODE on Unit 12, RNODE on unit 13,

B-7

NameINODE (6,300)

RNODE (30,300)

NameIPATH, IPATH1, IPATH2, IPATH3 (15)RPATH, RPATH1, RPATH 2, RPATH3, PATH (750) “

FUNCT on unit 14, STATE on unit 15, RFILE on unit 17, and IFLAG on unit 16.

ArraysArrays are dimensioned somewhat oversized to allow for system expansion without changing the program. Most of the arrays can be separated into general categories, those with node oriented data, those with path oriented data, and those with system oriented data. Under the category of 'path data, some versions of the program have the RARAY and IARAY arrays in COMMON. These two arrays are necessary if no direct access file scheme is used to handle the large quantity of path flow and cost data.

Node Arrays Description

Inode has one column, for each node.The first three rows hold the path numbers of the associate paths. The fourth row holds the sum/branch indicator, the fifth row is the decision type, and the sixth row indicates which path is the node reference path on branch paths. Kept in common block 17. .RNODE holds the flow split fraction for branch nodes. Each column represents the corresponding node with the one row per class-component. In the case of a sum node a zero is stored.

Where UsedSWEEP, ABNRML, NORMAL,. DATAIN, NDVAL

SWEEP, ABNRML, NORML, DATAIN, NDVAL

Path ArraysDescription Where Used

An IPATH array by any other name NORMAL, ABNRML, 0UTPT,would do just as much. Array holds. RAWDAT, DUMMYpath types and operation indicators.Holds path flow and/or cost data. Array is divided up into equal sized blocks, one for each class-component. The first LSTFL columns of each block holds flow data, or are. disregarded

NORMAL, ABNRML, OUTPT, BRANCH, SUMS, PDOT, QDOT, PCOSTS, ADDRCH, CDFUNC, FUNCTS, RAWDAT, DUMMY

B-8

Name Description Where Used

FUNCT (10,10)

VALUE (50)

RL, REAL2, REALA REALB, REALC, READD

NameSTATE (20,30)

IFILE (100)

when costs only are handled. The remaining columns hold unit costs, or cost function pointer, or path costs, the last when cost only are stored.Holds path function data. The first FUNCTS, RAWDAT, three columns hold the path number, DATAIN function number, and data code respectively. The fourth column records how many FUNCT lines following the current one are associated with the current function, the fifth column points to the location in the RF.ILE array where the independent variable is stored.The remaining columns are function parameters.Array is used to sum and temporarily RAWDAT, DATA1, DATA2,hold path data during base data pro- FPLACE, DUMMYcessing. Each column corresponds toa data code. Unused codes are leftblank. When data for a class-componentblock is all readin, VALUE is used tofill the appropriate spaces in RPATH.Buffer arrays into which base/data is RAWDAT, DATA1, DATA2, first read, prior to sorting. FPLACE

System ArraysDescription Where Used

STATE Stores the system population HEADING, SETARR,and quality for each class-component PDOT, QDOT, WEIBUL, at the start of and at various points ABNRML, 0UTPT, RAWDAT of each time step. It also contains the rates of change computed during the time step. The array can be subdivided into five blocks of four rows each. The first and third row of each block hold the population and quality respectively of the class-components for that point in the time step calculations.IFILE is the integer control value Used in almost allarray. Almost all the constants and subroutines.

B-9

Where UsedNamecontrol values used are stored in IFILE. Detailed descriptions oif the array can be found in the description of the IFILE file used to fill the array (Section 2.1.3) .

RFILE (100) RFILE is the real value counterpart to IFILE. Many of the values contained correspond to either time or path functions.

SWEEP, ABNRML, FUNCTS

IFLAG (10) IFLAG is a diagnostic indicator and control array used in development of the program. IFLAG controls calls to the TRACE subroutine.

BRANCH, SUMS, FUNCTS

IERR0R (10) The array keeps track of the calls to the ERRORS subroutine.

ERRORS

ACCUM (750) ACCUM sums up system costs by cost coded node sweep.

NORMAL, ACOSTS, 0UTPT

REVISN, SCHMDG, DATAFL, PLACE,

These arrays hold alphanumeric strings describing various aspects of a run.

DATAIN, RAWDAT, OUTPT HEADNG.

RUNN, DATES

The program was developed to run in double precision mode utilizing 64 bits per number. The CPU used was a Prime 350 with 16 bit, 2 byte words. The internal memory required for running is approximately 132 K bytes exclusive of that used for storing the path, flow and cost data. The data structures, whether large arrays or direct access files, require close to an additional three megabytes for the maximum size model.

b. Output and Input FilesThe input files require about 15 K bytes of memory. The data may be stored-in sequential- f'lles on disk or mag- netic tape without alteration. Card storage require the files to be integrated according to the program reading

B-10

order.

The output file, for a base run, would require very little disk memory with memory used increasing proportionally when time simulations are run.

c. Data transmission devicesNone.. The program and data files are non-interactive and are self-contained.

3.2 Support Software3.2*1 Operating System. The program is run in batch mode and should be compatible with any system equipped to run FORTRAN IV programs.

3.2.2 Compiler/Assembler♦ Requires a compiler for standard FORTRAN IV.

3.2.3 Other Software. If FORTRAN functions such as DABS( ) are not inserted by the compiler, then a FORTRAN IV math library will also be required.

3.3 Data BaseSee Operations Manual, Section 2.3 and Program Maintenance, Section 2.1.2 and Section 4.5.

4. Maintenance Procedures4.1 Programming ConventionsThe program consists of a main program, CONTRL, and 35 subroutines. Subroutines follow the main program in the listing „

Variable and constants follow the IMPLICIT statement and the standardFORTRAN naming conventions. Mnemonic attributes may be found in most

B-ll

names but this should not be assumed to always be true as some names were generated at random.

Strings are kept in double precision arrays, and are used to print out headings for the output. String names are mnemonic in nature, but are not distinguished as strings. The remaining arrays, most of which serve to hold large amounts of data, are similarly mnemonic in nature, i.e., if "node" is part of the name, the data stored ape node oriented.

vj

4.2 Verification ProceduresTested and verified data will be provided with the program along with the corresponding output. After installation and whenever the program becomes suspect, the data can be. run to verify integrity of the program.

4.3 Error Correction ProceduresAlmost all errors will be data related. Be sure that data values read through free formats are separated by blanks or commas. Carefully check the control file to insure against improper indicator and control parameters. If data are correct, confirm that the data files have been opened on the proper reading unit. If the data are all in order, check the following features of the program:

- Are the arrays too small for the model?- Are there the correct number of repititions in the loops?- Are reals and integers being mixed?- Are all the subroutines present?- Are all the subroutine arguments present?- Is the program compiled correctly?

4.4 Special Maintenance ProceduresData modifications are necessary for different types of runs. Some modifications are specified in the Operations Manual Section 3.3, 3.4 and3.5.

B-12

Program modifications will revolve around four main points, string handling, data functions, I/O units and path flow/cost data structures.Each of these points is machine dependent and must be accounted for before using the program.

Alpha fields are used in DATAIN and RAWDAT to input strings and in OUTPT to write strings. These fields must be altered to conform to the characters per word of the user's machine. The program revision number is assigned to an array in the main program with enclosure by apostrophes. This must also be brought into line.

The date function is found in the OUTPT subroutine. In PRIME versions, this will be found as DATE$A. In DEC10 versions, it will be DATE.Variations for other machines will probably be similar. If the users machine does not have a date function, it would be a simple matter to input a date by modifying the DATAIN subroutine to read another alpha line from the IFILE file.

As mentioned previously, Output units are set through the IFILE file, as is the READ unit for the base path data. All other inputs are through the-subroutine DATAIN with constants for unit numbers. If these constants aren’t compatible with the user's machine, the user can simply change DATAIN READ statements to more suitable units. More extensive modification are necessary when card input is required. In this case the user must consolidate all data files into sequential cards, and alter FORMAT and READ statements accordingly. (NOTE: DATAIN inputs precede RAWDAT input.)

The path flow/cost data structures are dependent upon the machine's ability to handle extremely large arrays. Normally path data would be held in two large array IARAY and RARAY which are dimensioned 15 by 600 and 750 by 600 respectively to allow for the maximum of 600 paths, 30 class- components, and flow/cost blocks of 25 rows each. To handle this, some machines will require special compiling procedures. Some machines will be unable to handle it at all. In the latter instance, a direct access

B-13

file setup may be able to handle the large amounts of data. As all handling of the data structure is through PATHIN and PATOUT* it is possible to replace these subroutines with two data manipulating sub routines in character with the user's computer. Retain names and arguments in the program but remove RARAY and IARAY from the COMMON block in the main program.

B - 1 4

APPENDIX C

Computer Program Flow Charts

C-l/C-2

C - 3

' '■Reset indieABNRML for calcul

es and calltime step ations

' ■Increment Time (STIM DTIME) ai

simulation E = STIME + ad STORE

C-4

C-5

Q ABNRML ^

Initialize control indices and constants from RFILE and IFILE arrays

DO NP/LSS = 4____L J J

Set simulation time and call DRATE to calculate population change

Increment output counter

1

Calculate the total population and quality ___________ c h anges ___________

'’

C-6

o

C-7

f NORMAL J

Set control indices and constants from IFILE and RFILE arrays

DO I][ROW = 1ISTND, LSTND

Set path pointer from INODE. Call PATH IN three times to get path data associated with node II-ROW. Set control indices from INODE and IPATH

Print intermediate cost if required, then call WEIBUL to estimate aging and hazard effects

n( RETURN

/If

Restore any function add-■ resses overwritten with ADDRCH and call PATOUT to save data ______

Call RCOLUMN to calculate the reference index for the RPATH array for class ent !eicomP°n-

Calculate path flows for node IIROW.Note, some paths have beer calculated at previous node & will not be calculated here, though they will be used to determineunknown paths. The programming logic of this section is detailed in User's Man

C-8

o -

C-9

DATAIN

11Read in data from appropriate files: IFILE and RFILE will contain control indices INODE will contain the node map and node types. WEIBUL will contain class component data for calculating Weibull effects. IFLAG will hold trace and error indicators. RNODE, STATE, and FUNCT will hold preset values to be used if raw base data is not provided

Set control indices and constants from IFILE a r r a y __________

RETURN

C-10

• c-11

C-12

PATHIN

PATOUT is exactly the same except that these instructions substitute a write for read.

branchc )

' !Initialize constants and

control variables from argmnen : list

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

Call CDFUNC to calculate new split fraction

©

C-14

00

1>Calculate RPA1 tract from RPA get RPATH3 flc and RPATH3 qua of RPATH1.

112 flow sub- lTHI flow to w. Set RPATH2 lities to that

Determine number of bad units on RPATH1. Determine number of bad to go down node reference path. Calculate total quality of flow of good and remaining bad units.

1'Set RP flow t and qu to one

ATH3 o bad ality

Set RPATH2 to remain- ier

' <Set RP flow t and qu :o one

ATH2 o bad ality

Set RPATH3 :o remainder

cRETURN )

C-15

SUMS )

Initialize control indices from argument

Set FI f]ow equalto F2 flow

RETURN

C-16

C-17

C-18

RCOLUM

Determine the R reference ind

component ICP,PATH arrays’ ex for the class ICL,BLOCK

1

Determine the reference c

component ICPRNODE array olumn for , class ICL

RETURN

C-19

C-20

' C-21

FUNCTS

Initialize control indices from argument

list

Call ADDRCH to store RPATH functions that will be overwritten

DO K - 112, 13

^ RETURN ^

Evaluate appropriate function

Multiply FCOST by function value outpu function if needed

Assign FCOST to RPATH

C-22

'C-23

C-24

—--- s. HEADING / ---\ needed /

/Output Heading;

'>>Initialize local

Indices,

DO I = II, 12 Alter Heading

Sum Path Costs

Sum Path Cost to Total Cost

Output Cost Ta- >les by cost code 3y component, by /class, and by repair block

C-25

C-26

C-27

c NDVAL3

DO J =ISTND, LSTND “

' *Set Local Indices From INODE Array

Call PATHIN 3 times for each path associated with Node J. •

'pDO ICL = 1ISTCL, LSTCL

1uu icr -ISTCP LSTCP

Sum Incoming Paths and Assign to Out-flowing Path

©C-28

o

' f

C-29

c INTDAT )DO T = 11, IIDM

'>DO I = 1

■ 1, IROM

'>DO I = 11, LSTPH

^ Return ^

1'

IPATH (I) = 0 RPATH (I) = 0.0D-00

'rRPATH (I) = 0.0D-00

IPATH (1) = I

'fCall PATOUT to initialize Data Storage for Path I

C-30

'Read: DATAHL, the data file number or description

/Read: First / path number / comp, class / data

data line; / data code/ IPATH J

[■'Call PATHIN for path IPH to protect existing data

© (DC-31

< r

12

C-33

C-34

C-35/C-36

APPENDIX DComputer Program Listing

D-l/D-2

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( 02 0 8 ) < 0 2 0 9 ) ( 0 2 1 0 ) ( 0 2 1 1 ) ( 0 2 1 2 )( 0 2 1 3 )( 0 2 1 4 )( 0 2 1 5 )( 0 2 1 6 )( 0 2 1 7 )( 0 2 1 8 ) ( 0 2 1 9 )

///////////////////////////////C INITIALIZE IN USE PATH ON DISK.C/////V///////////////////////////////////////////////////ttiftt

DO 500 I = I j LNTHSTIRP = ( 1-1 >*IBDH + 1IRP2 = IRP + 1RPATHCIRP ) = STATE(5 , I )RPATHCIRP2 ) = STATE( 7 , 3 )CALL PATOUTCNREFP, I PATH, IIDH* RPATH , IRDM)

500 CONTINUE RETURN END

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*tt/ttt t ftttf/tfit

C G E T C O N T R O L I N D I C E S .

I C O S T = I F I L E ( 3 5 )N P A S S = I F I L E < 1 9 )N R P T H = I F I L E < 1 3 )I O U T = I F I L E U 5 )P C 0 S T 1 = 0 . 0 I V A L = 0

C C H E C K F O R P R I N T T I M E .Z / / / / / / / / / / / S / / / / / / / / / / / / / / S / / / / / / / / / / / / * / / / ,

I P R N T = 0 . 0I F < R F I L E ( 2 4 ) . L T . R F I L E < 2 5 > ) G O T O 1 5 5 I P R N T = I F I L E < 2 5 )R F I L E < 2 4 ) = 0 . 0

1 5 5 R F I L E < 2 4 ) ■ R F I L E < 2 4 ) + 1 . 0 0 Z / S / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / t / / / / / / . /C B E G I N N O D E S W E E P .C / V 7 A VC S T A R T N O R M A L C A L C U L A T I O N S

D O 1 9 0 0 I I R O U = I S T N D j L S T H D 1 7 0 7 F O R M A T < ' N O D E i 4 , 1 4 )

1 F L A G < 4 ) = I I R O U I P 1 = I N O D E < 1 / I I R O U )I P 2 = I H O D E < 2 , I I R O U )I P 3 = I N O D E < 3 C A L L P A T H I N < I P 3 , I P A T H 3 , 1 I D M , R P A T H 3 , I R D M )I F ( I P 1 . H E . I P A T H K 1 ) ) C A L L E R R O R S ( I P i )1 F < I P 2 . N E . I P A T H 2 < 1 ) ) C A L L E R R 0 R S ( I P 2 )I F < I P 3 N E . I P A T H 3 < 1 ) ) C A L L E R R 0 R S < I P 3 )

C S E T N O D E C A L L I N D I C E S .

1 B R S H = I H O D E C 4 , I I R O U )I C D E F = I N O D E < 5 , I I R O U )I R E F P = I H 0 B E < 6 , I I R O U )

Z / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ■ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ■ / / / / / / / / / 1 C S E T P A T H D E P E N D E N T C A L L I N D I C E S F O R T H I S N O D E .C / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

I H F G 1 = I P A T H K 1 3 )I H F G 2 = I P A T H 2 < 1 3 )I M F G 3 = I P A T H 3 ( 1 3 )I C S T 1 = I P A T H K 1 0 ) * I M F G 1 * I C O S TI C S T 2 = I P A T H 2 ( 1 0 ) * < I B R S H + I M F G 2 ) * I C O S TI F < I C S T 2 . G T . 0 ) I C S T 2 = 1I C S T 3 = I P A T H 3 < 1 0 ) * I C O S TI F C T 1 = I C S T 1I F C T 2 = I C S T 2

•//////

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C C A L L S F O R P A T H 1C 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 / 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

1 ) C A L L B R A H C H U C D E F , I R E F P , C D E , I R P , R P A T H 1 , R F ' A T H 2 , R P A T H 3 , I R D H , I B D M , N P A S S , H R P T H , I P 1 )

0 ) C A L L S U M S U M F G l , I H F G 2 , I R P , R P A T H 1 , R P A T H 2 , R P A T H 3 , I R D H )

1 ) C A L L F U N C T S < I R P , I S T C T , L S T C T ,R P A T H 1 , I R D M , I P , R F C 1 , I B D M , N P A S S ,I U N I T , I V A L , I C P , I C L )

1 ) C A L L P D O T U R P , 1 R C 0 L , R P A T H 1 , 1 R D M , D T , I S G N 1 , N P A S S >

1 ) C A L L Q D O T U R P , I R C O L , R P A T H 1 , I R D M ,D T , I S G N 1 , N P A S S )

1 ) C A L L P C O S T S U R P , I S T C T , L S T C T ,R P A T H 1 , P C O S T , R P A T H , I R O N )

1 ) C A L L . A C C U N E C I R P , I S T C T , L S T C T , R P A T H , I R D M )

1 ) C A L L Q U T P T ( N D O U T , I I R O W , I P 1 , I C L ,I C P , R P A T H 1 , I R D M / 1 1 D M , R U N N , I H E A D , P L A C E , A R G N , I U N I T , I S T C T , L S T C T , I S T C P , L S T C P , I S T C L , L S T C L , I B D M , S T I H E , P C 0 S T 1 )

V 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 / 7 7 7 / 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

( 0 5 6 3 ) C I F < I B R S H . E Q( 0 5 6 4 ) C *( 0 5 6 5 ) C *( 0 5 6 6 ) I F < I B R S H . E Q( 0 5 6 7 ) *( 0 5 6 8 ) I F < I F C T 1 . E Q( 0 5 6 9 ) *( 0 5 7 0 ) *( 0 5 7 1 ) 1 F O P D T 1 . E Q( 0 5 7 2 ) *( 0 5 7 3 ) C I F U Q D T 1 . E Q( 0 5 7 4 ) C *( 0 5 7 5 ) I F ( I C $ T 1 . E Q( 0 5 7 6 ) *( 0 5 7 7 ) I F < I A C M 1 . E Q( 0 5 7 8 ) *( 0 5 7 9 ) I F < I P R T 1 . E Q( 0 5 8 0 ) *( 0 5 8 1 ) *( 0 5 8 2 ) *( 0 5 8 3 ) *

C C A L L SC777, F O R P A T H 2

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0 >C A L L S U M S U M F G l , I M F G 2 , I R P , R P A T H 1 , R P A T H 2 , R P A T H 3 , I R D M )

1 ) C A L L F U N C T S U R P , I S T C T , L S T C T , R P A T H 2 , I R D M , I P , R F C 2 , I B D M , N P A S S ,I U N I T , I V A L , I C P , I C L )

1 ) C A L L P D O T U R P , I R C O L , R P A T H 2 , I R D M , D T , I S G N 2 , N P A S S )

1 ) C A L L Q D O T U R P , I R C O L , R P A T H 2 , I R D M , D T , I S G N 2 , N P A S S )

1 ) C A L L P C O S T S U R P , I S T C T , L S T C T ,R P A T H 2 , P C O S T , R P A T H , I R D M >

1 ) C A L L A C C U M E U R P , I S T C T , L S T C T , R P A T H , I R D M )

D C A L L O U T P T ( N D O U T , I I R O U , I P 2 , I C L ,I C P , R P A T H 2 , I R D H , 1 1 D M , R U N N , I H E A D , P L A C E , A R G N , I U N I T , I S T C T , L S T C T , I S T C P , L S T C P , I S T C L , L S T C L , I B D M ,S T I M E , P C O S T 1 )

* 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

I F U B R S H

I F ( I F C T 2

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E Q

E Q

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-18

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(0611) C IF<IBRSH . EQ . 1<0612) C *< 0613) C *<0614) C IF!IBRSH EQ. 0< 0615) c *<0616) IF<IFCT3 . EQ . 1(0617) #<0618) *<0619) IF(IPDT3 . EQ . 1(0620) *< 0621 ) C IF!IQDT3 . EQ . 1< 0622) c *< 0623) IF<ICST3 . EQ . 1< 0624 ) *< 0625) IF<IACM3 . EQ - 1(0626) *< 062?) IF<IPRT3 . EQ . 1< 0628) *< 0629) *< 0630) *< 0631 > *<0632) (0633)< 0634)< 0635)< 0636)

< 0647)< 064 8 ) (0649)< 0650) ( 0651 ) (0652)< 0653)< 0654)

1 700 1800

CONTINUECONTINUE

RPATH1/RPATH2/RPATH3/IRON, ISDN, NPA85,HRPTH/IP 1)

)CALL SUMS! IMFG1/ IMFG2/IRP/RPATH RPATH2 .< RP ATH3 z IRDH )

)CALL FUNCTSRFC3 , IBDM/HPASS/ I UNI T* I VA L i I CP / IC L )

>CALL PDGTURP/IRCOL/RPATH3/I RDM DTiISGN3/HPASS)

>CALL QDOTCIRP/IRCOL/RPATH3/I RDM DTiISGN3/HPASS )

>CALL PCOSTS!IRP/ISTCT/LSTCT/ RPATH3 > PCOSTiRPATH/ IRDM)

>CALL ACCUME!IRP/ISTCT /LSTCT/RPA I RDM )

>CALL OUTPT< NDOUTi I IROUi IP3/ ICL, I CP/RPATH3/IRDM/II DM/RUHN/I HEAD PLACE*ARGN/IUHIT/ISTCT, LSTCT, ISTCP/ LSTCP.. ISTCL, LSTCL / I6DM / STIME/PCOSTi)

C PUT PATH INFO BACK ON DISK

< 0 6 3 7 ) RF C2 < 1 ) = 1< 0 6 3 8 ) RFC 3 ! i ) = 1< 0 6 3 9 )< 0 6 4 0 ) * I F CALL ADDRCH<RPATH2/ RFC2/ I R P / I S T C T / L S T C T / IRDH)1 >CALL PATOUT< I P2 z IPATH2/ I I D H/ R P A T H2 /I RDM )1 )CALL ADDRCHCRPATH3 / RFC3 / I RP/ I STCT, LSTCT/ I RDM)1 )CALL P A T 0 U T U P 3 / I P A T H 3 / I IDI1/ RPATH3/IRDM )

1 9 0 0 CONTINUEI F < I P RT 3 : EQ. 1 ) WR I T E ! I U N I T / 3 5 2 ) PCOSTl 3 5 2 FORHAT< IX.. 64< 1H- ) / / , 45X/ 8 HT0 TAL $ / I 1 2 )PC0ST1 = 0.0CALL UEIBULC I S T C P / I S T C L / L S T C P / L S T C L / H P A S S / I B D I 1 / D T )RETURN «ENDPROGRAM S 1 2 E i PROCEDURE - 0 0 2 0 7 4 LINKAGE - 0 5 1 3 0 6 STACK - 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ERRORS C < NORMAL>FTH-REVI6 . 6 ]

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<0705) 50 CONTINUE(0706) 100 CONTINUE(0707) RETURN< 0708) ENDPROGRAM SIZE s PROCEDURE - 0002570000 ERRORS [<UEIBUL>FTH-REVI6 . 6 I

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Z/// C SI Z///

K )I F L A G ( 4 ) )CALL J , K,I ) , R P A T H l ( K ) , L ) , RPATH3 CI ) ,

TRACE( 1 0 1 0 ,L, I RDM,RPATHUL >, RPATH2( I ) , RPATH3(K >, RPATH3( L ) )Z / / / C DE C / / / 200

2 3 52 4 0

2 4 52 5 0

2 6 0

2 7 5

IF ( J . EQ. 1 ) G0 TO 2 0 0////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////MPLE SPLI T DECI SI ON./ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / , ’ / / / I F( NODI EQ. 1 )CD = 1 . 0 0 - CD RPATH2( I ) = RPATH1( I >*CD RPATH3( I )=RPATH1( I ) - RPATH2( I )I F ( R P A T HK 3 ) LT. 0 . 0 ) C A L L E RR0 RS C1 0 1 0 )RP AT H2 ( K) = RP AT HKK)RPATH3( K ) = RP ATH 1(I F ( 1FLAGC1 ) .EQ * 1,* c d ,'r p a t h k*RPATH2( K ) , RPATH2(GO TO 3 0 0///////////////////////////////////////////<'////////////////////////FECTIVE BASED BRANCH DECI SI ON./ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / , ' / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / BAD 1 = RPATHK I ) * RPATHl ( K)G00D1 = RPATHK I ) - BAD1 BAD2 = BAD! * CDG00D2 = 0 .ALL2 - BAD2 + G00D2 BAD3 = BAD1 - BAD2G00D3 = GOOD 1 + G00D2ALL3 = BAD3 + G00D3 I F( ALL2 EQ. 0 . )C0 TO I F( ALL2 . LE. 0 . 0 ) C A L L QUAL2 = BAD2/ CBAD2 +GO TO 2 4 0 QUAL2 = 0I F( ALL3 EQ. 0 ) G0 TO 2 4 5 I F( ALL3 LE. 0 . 0 ) C A L L ERRORSC1 0 3 0 )QUAL3 = BAD3/ CBA03 + G0 0 D3 )GO TO 2 5 0

2 3 5ERRORSX 1 0 2 0 ) G00D2)

QUAL3I F ( NODI EQ RPATH2( I ) =RPATH3( I ) = RPATH2( K) =RPATH3( K ) =GO TO 2 7 5 RPATH2( I ) =RPATH3( I ) = RPATH2(K ) = RPATH3(K ) =IF < 1FLAGC1 )♦ J j* ZDj BAD 1 . *BAD3> G 0 0 D 3 .

1 )G0 ALL2 ALL 3 QUAL2 QUAL3ALL3 ALL2 QUAL3 QUAL2 . EQ .J

TO 2 6 0

I FLAG( 4 ) )CALL TRACE( 1 0 3 0 , K, L, I RDM,G0 0 D 1 , BAD2, G0 0 D2 ,QUAL2, QUAL3, 0 . 0 )

'-30

1012 )1013)1014)1015)1016)1017)1018) 1018) 1 0 2 0 ) 1021 ) 1 0 2 2 )1023)1024)1025)

C RESET QUALITY TO ZERO IF REWORK INDICATOR C/V t t / t / t f / t u ////////<• ///// /////<• //.- i

300 GE .LT .GE .LT EQ .

IF< RPATH2< L )IF(RPATH2C L)IF( RPAT H3<L )I F<RPATH3( L >I F ( IFLAGC1 )# I # J /* CD, RPATHK I >,*RPATH2< K >, RPATH2< L >,CD = CD TEMP RETURN ENDPROCEDURE - 0 0 1 1 1 5 0 0 0 0 ERRORS C < BP. ANCH>F TN-RE V1..6.6 3

1 >RPATH2< K > = 0 . 0 0 )CALL ERRORS< 1 0 4 0 ) 1 )RPATH3<K ) = 0 . 0 CO CALL ERR0RS< 1 0 5 0 ) IFLAG< 4 > )CALL TRACE<

///////////*/////////

K ,RPATHK K), RPATH3CI),

1050/L, I RDM/

RPATHKL >, RPATH2C I )/ RPATH3CK ), RPATH3C L ) )

985PROGRAM SIZE LINKAGE - 000133 STACK - 000110

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( 1076)( 1077)(1078)(1079)(1080)< 1081) (1082)( 1083) (1084)( 1085) (1086) (1087)( 1083) PROGRAM

275 QUAL3 = 0 . 0C /V / //fttttttttttf /ft ft/tttfttttt/ 77/7 tit it ttttf-C ASSIGN COMBINED FLOW AND 6UAL ITY TO OUT GOINGIffttttfftttfftttttf///t ft t< t250 F 3 = QUAL3 I F( I F L A G ( 1 ) . EQ

t i f i f •ft ttttttt/

* I,* 0.0 i*BAD3,

0, BAD 1 <

G00D3,

I FLAG( 4 ) )C ALL TRACE< 1060.K.GOOD!,0.0,

L, BAD2,

QUAL3,

I RDM/ GOODS, 0.0)

SIZE

RETURNEND

PROCEDURE - 0002570000 ERRORS KSUMS > F TH-RE VI 6 . 6 I

LINKAGE - 000075

01U)N3

ttttfftttftttttttt PATH.ttttfttttttftttttt

STACK - 000046

p >

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D-33

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SUBROUTINE RCOLUM IMPLICIT REAL*8 ( A - H , 0 - Z )C***************************************************************

SETS COLUMH(IRP) INDEX VALUE FOR REAL PATH VECTORS

DESCRIPTION

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ARGUMENT1 I CL = PRESENT CLASS INDEX2 LSTCL = LAST CLASS INDEX3 ICP PRESENT COMPONENT INDEX4 LSTCP = LAST COMPONENT INDEX5 I RP = REFERENCE COLUMN OF RPATH6 IRCOL = REFERENCE COLUMN OF RHODE AND STATE7 IBDM = DIMENSION OF A SINGLE COST-COMPONENT

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C***************************************************************C*************************************************************** C****4************************************************ **********SUBROUTINE FUNCTS<IRP,ISTCT , LSTCT.RPATH, I RON, IP ,RFC. I BOM,

* NPASS.IUNIT,IVAL/ICP,ICL )IMPLICIT REAL#8< A - H , 0-2 )

C**************************************************************** C FUNCTS UILL FETCH INFORMATION STORED IN THE FUNCT ARRAY BY US-*

IHG ADDRESSES STORED IN RPATH. THIS INFORMATION IS USED TO IN-* DICATE UHICH COST FUNCTIONS ARE NEEDED TO CALCULATE THE VALUES* FOR THE COST CODE IN THE CURRENT PATH. THE VALUES ARE THEN PUT* IN THE CORRESPONDING RPATH COST COLUMNS. THE ADDRESSES IN THE * COST COLUMNS ARE STORED BY ADDRCH BEFORE BEING OVER URITTEN

ARGUMENT LIST(SEE RFILE AND IFILE FOR DE

SCRIPTIONS)

IRP = REFERENCE COLUMN INDEX IN RPATHISTCT = COLUMN OF FIRST COST ITEM IN RPATH LSTCT = LAST COST INDEX COLUMN VALUE RPATH = PATH VALUES I RDM = DIMENSION OF RPATH VECTOR IP * PATH NUMBER PRESENTLY COMPUTING OHRFC = ARRAY FOR STORING RPATH FUNCT ADDRESSES IBDM = CLASS/COHPONENT BLOCK SI2E HPASS - STATE REFERENCE ROD I UN IT = OUTPUT DEVICE IVAL = OUTPUT INDICATOR I CP = PRESENT COMPONENT I CL = PRESENT CLASS OF OUTPUT

C**************************************************************** C

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C 0 N M 0 N / I 2 / I F I L E < 1 0 0 )C 0 M M 0 N / I 3 / I F L A G ( 1 0 )C COMMON/ R2/ FUNCT<1 0 , 1 0 )C 0 N M 0 N / R 4 / S T A T E ( 2 0 , 3 0 )C 0 HM0 N/ R5 / RF I L E < 1 0 0 )C DIMENSION RP AT H( ? 5 0 ) , RF C< 7 5 0 )CC////////////////////////////////////////////////////■////////////////C SET CONTRL I NDI CES.C/V / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / . / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ■ / / / / / /12 = IRP + ISTCT13 = 12 + LSTCTN2 = HPASS * 2 /////////////////C STORE FUNCTION ADDRESSES TO BE USED.

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( 1 4 4 3 )< 1 4 4 4 ) PROGRAM SIZ OOOO ERRORSRETURNENDEi PROCEDURE - 0 0 1 2 5 6 [ < F UMCT S > F TN- REV1 6 . 6 1 LINKAGE - 0 0 0 2 2 6 STACK

V

0 0 0 1 0 4

D-4

4

( 1 4 4 5 )< 144 6)( 1 4 4 ? )( 1 4 4 8 ) < 1 4 4 9 )( 1 4 5 0 )< 1 4 5 1 )( 1 4 5 2 ) < 1 4 5 3 )( 1 4 5 4 )( 1 4 5 5 )< 1 4 5 8 ) < 1 4 5 7 )< 1 4 5 8 )< 1 4 5 9 )<1460)C1 4 6 1 )< 1 4 6 2 )< 1 4 6 3 )< 1 4 6 4 ) < 1 4 6 5 ) < 1 4 6 6 )< 1 4 6 ? )< 1 4 6 8 )< 1 4 6 9 )< 1 4 7 0 )< 1471 )< 1 4 7 2 ) < 1 4 7 3 ) < 1 4 7 4 ) < 1 4 7 5 )<1476) <147?)< 1 4 7 8 )< 1 4 7 9 )< l 4 8 0 )< 1481 ) (1482) < 1 4 8 3 ) ( 1 4 8 4 )( 1 4 8 5 )< i 4 8 6 ) ( 1 4 8 7 ) PROGRAM

C * * * * **#****# + .* * * * * * * * * * * * * * :|c * * ******** * ******* * * ************* *Q*************************************************************** 0 ************* ************ * * ************************************ SUBROUTINE CDFUNC<1RP, RPATH1 , I RDM, CD, I BDM, NPAS S , NRPTH, I PH/ * ADDRSS)I M P L I C I T REAL*8< A - H , 0- Z )0***************************************************************

C THI S SUBROUTINE ( J ILL CALCULATE THE NODE S P L I T FRACTION *C WHEN CALLED. *C ■ j|fC ARGUMENT L I S T *C IRP - THE INDEX OF THE FI RSRT COLUMN OF FLOU *C RPATH1 - THE INCOMING NODE PATH VALUE #C I RDM - THE ARRAY DIMENSION FOR THE RPATHS *C CD THE NODE S P L I T FRACTION TO BE CALCULATED #0***************************************************************

DIMENSION RP AT HK 750 ) , R F C K 750)12 = IRP + 113 = IRP + 2 RFC 1< 1 ) = 0 . 0 I VA L * 0ADTEMP = R P AT HK 13)R PA T HK 13) = ADDRSSC/7 7/77/7 7////////////////// 7 7/7/7/////////77/7/7 //// 7 /■ett'fj/tff

C CHECK I F FUNCTION I S APPL I CABL E.C/77/////////7/////////7/////////7/////////7/////////7/////////7 I F < R P A T H K I R P ) . EQ. 0. 00) GO TO 250

C / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /7//////////////7 C COMPUTE TEMPORARY CD VALUE.C/77/////////7/////////7/////////7/////////7/////////7/////////7

CALL F U N C T S < I R P , 2, 0, RP ATHKI RDM * I V A L , I G P , 1C L )

FLOUR * ' RP A T H K I R P ) * R P A T H K I 3) * CD CD = F L O W R / R PA T H K I R P)R P AT HK 13) = ADTEMP

C 77 7 7//////////////////////7 7 /7 77 7 7 7 777 77 / 7 C CHECK FOR CD VALUES GREATER THAM ONE AND C/777/ 7/ 7 77 77 7 7/ ///////////7 77777 7 77777 7777

I F ( I P H . EQ . NRPTH) GO TO 250 IF< CD . G T . 1 . 00 )CD = 1. 00

0.00 )CD = 0.00

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7 7 7 / 7 7 7 7 7 7 LESS THANf ,P \> .f /7 7 7

ZERO7 7 7 7 7 7 / 7 / 7 7

250

SIZE0000 ERRORS

I F < CD . L T .RETURNEND

: PROCEDURE - 000171[ <CDFUNC>FTM- REV16.61

LINKAGE - 005734 STACK 0 0005 0

f

01•JSUl

( 1 4 8 8 )<1488>< 1 4 9 0 )( 14 9 1 )( 1 4 9 2 )( 1 4 9 3 )( 1 4 9 4 ) C( 1 4 9 5 ) C( 1 4 9 6 ) C( 1 4 9 7 ) C( 1 4 9 8 ) C( 1 4 9 9 ) C( 1 5 0 0 ) C( 1 5 0 1 ) C( 1 5 0 2 ) C( 1 5 0 3 ) C( 1 5 0 4 ) C( 1 5 0 5 ) C( 1 5 0 6 ) C( 1 5 0 7 )( 1 5 0 8 )( 1 5 0 9 )( 1 5 1 0 )( 1 5 1 1 )( 1 5 1 2 )( 1 5 1 3 )( 1 5 1 4 )( 1 5 1 5 )( 1 5 1 6 )( 1 5 1 7 )( 1 5 1 8 )( 1 5 1 9 )( 1 5 2 0 )( 1 5 2 1 ) 100( 1 5 2 2 )( 1 5 2 3 )< 1 5 2 4 )( 1 5 2 5 )( 1 5 2 6 ) 2 5 0( 1 5 2 7 )( 1 5 2 8 )( 1 5 2 9 )( 1 5 3 0 )( 1 5 3 1 ) 2 7 0( 1 5 3 2 ) 2 7 5( 1 5 3 3 ) 3 0 0( 1 5 3 4 )PROGRAM SIZE 0 0 0 0 ERRORS

Qftftftftftftftftftft-ftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftft:)C + ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft: ft: ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft: ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft: ft ft ft ft ft ft ft C ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft

ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ftft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ftft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft

SUBROUTINE ADDRCH ( RPATH, RFC, IRP , I STCT, LSTCT, I RDM ) IMPLICIT R E A L * 8 < A - H , 0 - Z )C ft ft ft ft ft + ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft * ft ft * ft ft ft ft ft ft * ft ft ft * ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft * ft ft ft # ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ftTHIS SUBROUTINE WILL RECORD THE POSI TI ONS OF ADDRESSES IN THE FLOU COLUMNS OF RPATH AND WHEN DESIRED RESET THOSE COLUMNS BACK TO ADDRESSES. R F C ( 1 ) MONITORS THE RECORD AND RESET OPERATIONS. IF EQUAL.TO 1 IT WILL RESET > I F 0 RECORDARGUMENT VALUES

RPATHIFCISTCT I RP LSTCT

COL UNM POSI TI ONS AND MONITORPATH VALUES ARRAY TO HOLD THE RESETFIRST CTOST COLUMN POSITION OF FI RST COLUMN NUMBER OF FLOU COLUMNS FOLLOWING ISTCTCftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftjftftftDIMENSION R P A T H ( 7 5 0 ) , R F C ( 7 5 0 )

C I N I T I A L I Z E INDICES AND DETERMINE I F RECORD OR RESET C / / / v ’/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / S IND1 = IRP + ISTCT INDL = I HD 1 + LSTCT I F < R F C ( 1 ) . E Q . 0 . >G0 TO 2 5 0 C / / V / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /C RESET ADDRESSES IN RPATH.

////////////////DO 100 K=I HD1 , I NDL )G0 TO 1 0 0

V,\V,V/Z,V//vV

/ / / / /V.VAV/V/V / /////

C / / 7 C RECORD

IFCRFC< K> RPATH( K ) = CONTINUE GO TO 3 0 0EQ. 0 RFC( K

ADDRESSES FROMDO 2 7 5 K = IND 1 INDLI F U R P A T HC K) . GT. 10

* 1 0 . 0 * * - 5 0 ) > G 0 TORFC( K) = RPATHCK)GO TO 2 7 5 RFC(K ) = 0 . CONTINUE RETURN END■ PROCEDURE - 0 0 0 1 3 0 [< ADDRCH>F TN- REVI 6 . 6 1

• / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / RPATH.0*ft-47 )2 7 0 OR . ( RPATH<K > .LT

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D-47

( 1585 > (1586) (158?) (1588) (1588) ( 1590) (1591) ( 1592) (1593) <1594)(1595)(1596)(1597)(1598)(1599)(1600) (1601 ) (1602)(1603)(1604)(1605)(1606) (160?) (1608)(1609)(1610) (1611) (1612)(1613)(1614)(1615)(1616) (161?) (1618)(1619)(1620) (1621 ) (1622)(1623)(1624)(1625)(1626) ( 1627) (1628)(1629)(1630)(1631)(1632) <1633) (1634)

GO TO ( 1 0 0 0 , 5 0 , 1 0 0 0 ) , IOSRCE C INTERMEDIATE PRINT OUT.C/ ? / / / / / / / / / ? / / / / / / / ? / / / / / A V / A V V , V 7 / / / / , ' / / / V / / / A V / Y A V / / / Y 7 / / / V / 7 7 / 7 7 / 5 0 I F ( IFMT . EQ. 0 ) G0 TO 3 0 0CSTSTT = 5H COST SUNHED = 1H NREFP = I F I L E C 1 3 )IGRPH = IF I L E ( 2 2 )UR1TE, 1 = 1 , 2 > , < DATE i Kssl i 3 ) / S T I M E100 FORHAT<5 ( 7 ) , 1 H1 , 2 1 X, 1 8 HTRACK MAINTENANCE , 2 A 8 , 7 , I X , 6 4 < 1 H - ) ,* 7 , 1 9H RUN NUMBER i , 2 A 8 , / , 1 9 H DATE s , 2 A 8 ,* 7 , 1 9H PLACE ! , 3 A 8 , 7 7 , 1 9H SIMULATION TIMEi ,* F 8 . 2 , 7 , 1 X , 6 4 ( 1 H - ) )U R I T E < I U N I T , 1 4 5 )145 F Q R M A T ( I X , 6 4 < 1 H - ) , 7 , 8X , 1 0 HP 0 P UL AT I ON. 9 X, 5 HCL AS S , 9 X,* 6 H C 0 MP 0 - , 9 X , 7 H Q U A L I T Y , 7 ,* 8 X, 8 H IN U S £ , 2 6 X , 4 H N E N T , / , 1 X , 6 4 ( I N - ) )DO 1 4 6 I CL = 1 / LSTCLDO 1 4 7 ICP = 1 , LSTCPCALL RCOLUN( I C L , L S T C L , I C P , L S T C P , I RP, I RCOL, IBDM)UR IT E , 1 C L , I CP,* STATE<7 , I RCOL)F OR MAT < 8 X, F 1 0 . 2 , 1 I X , I 1 , 13X, 1 2 , 1 I X , F ? . 5 )CONTINUE CONTINUEURITE< I UNI T, 1 5 0 )FORMAT<1 X , 6 4 ( 1 H - ) , 7 , 2 X , 4 HH0 DE , 2 X, 5HPATH , 2 X , 5 HCLAS S , 2 X,* 6 HC0 MP 0 - , 3 X , ?HQUALITY, 4X, 10HPATH FLOWS, 2X,Mi HHAI NT E NANCE , 7 , 2 2 X , 5H0HENT, 1 5 X , 10HMI LES7YEAR, 4X,♦ 7HD0LLARS, 7 , I X , 6 4 ( 1 H - ) )IFMT = 0CALL RCOL UMCI CL 2 , L S TCL, I CP 2 , LS TCP , I RP , I RCOL, I BDM )I RP2 = IRP + 1 IUSEQ = IRP + 5 USEQ = RPATHCIUSEQ )11 = IRP + ISTCT12 = II + LSTCT DO 3 2 5 1 = 1 1 , 1 2PCOST = RPATH*RPATH*RPATH<I )*USEQ + PCOST 3 2 5 CONTINUEPCOST1 = PCOST + PCOST1 I F ( R P A T H U R P ) . EQ. 0 . 0 ) G O TO 2 0 0 0UR I TE< I UNI T, 3 5 0 )H0DE , I P , I CL 2 , 1 CP 2 , RPATH< I RP 2 ) , RP ATH( I R P ) ,* PCOST PCOST = 0 . 03 5 0 F 0 R M A T ( 2 X , I 3 , 4 X , I 3 , 5 X , 1 1 , 6 X , 1 2 , 5 X , F 8 . 6 , 2 X , F 11 . 2 , 3 X ,* 1 1 0 )

148147146150

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( 1 7 3 5 )( 1 7 3 6 )( 1 7 3 7 ) 1 7 3 8 )1 7 3 9 ) 1 7 4 0 ) 1 7 4 1 )1 7 4 2 )1 7 4 3 )1 7 4 4 )1 7 4 5 )1 7 4 6 )( 1 7 4 7 )( 1 7 4 8 )( 1 7 4 9 )( 1 7 5 0 )( 1 7 5 1 ) ( 1 7 5 2 )( 1 7 5 3 ) ( 1 7 5 4 )( 1 7 5 5 )( 1 7 5 6 ) ’( 1 7 5 7 )( 1 7 5 8 )( 1 7 5 9 ) ( 1 7 6 0 )( 1 7 6 1 ) ( 1 7 6 2 ) PROGRAM

2 5 5 0

CSTSTT s 5HSTATEUR I TEC I UNI T, 1 0 0 )CSTSTT , SUHHED, ( RtJNNC I ) , I = 1 , 2 ) , ( D ATE( I >, I = 1 , 2 >, *CPLACE( I >, 1 = 1 , 3 ) , STXME URI TECI UN1T, 2 5 5 0 )F O R MA T d l X ,♦ 53HSYSTEM DEFECT SYSTEM DEFECT SYSTEM DEFECT, / ,* 1X, 36H TRK CPT QUANTITY FRACTION QUANTITY ,♦ 28HFRACTIQN RATE OF RATE O F , / , ' i* 1 X , 3 2 H CLS # AT START AT START NOU, 6 X , 3 H N 0 U , 6 X ,*16HGR0UTH CHANGE, / , 1 X , 6 4 < 1 H - ) )DO 2 7 0 0 ICL = I STCL, LSTCL DO 2 6 0 0 ICP = I S T C P , LSTCPCALL RCOLUMCI CL, LS TCL, I CP , LS TCP , I RP , IRCOL, IBDM )DO 1 1 2 3 HTHP = 5 , 1 7 , 4 NTMP2 = NTMP + 1 NTMP3 = NTMP + 2 NTMP4 = NTMP + 3U R I T E ( I U N I T , 2 6 5 4 > I C L , I C P , S T A T E < 1 , IRCOL ) , S T A T E ( 3 , IRCOL >

1 123 2 6 5 4

**FORMAT( 3 X, 1 1 * P D 8 . 2 , 1 X, PD9CONTINUE CONTINUE SUHHED = 8H RETURN ENDPROCEDURE - 0 0 3 6 1 6 0 0 0 0 ERRORS [COUTPT >FTN- REV1 6 . 6 3

2 6 0 02 7 0 02 0 0 0

SI ZE

STATE( NTMP, IRCOL ) , STATE( NTMP3 STATE( NTMP4, I RCOL)CONTINUE 2X,I1,2X,PD8.2,1X,PD8.2 2,1X,PD9.2)

IRCOL > , ST ATECMTMP2, IRCOL),

I X , P D 8 . 2 , IX,

LINKAGE - 0 0 0 5 5 2 STACK - 0 0 0 1 3 0

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•D-51

0

( 1 7 6 4 ) C * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *( 1 7 6 5 ) C * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *( 1 7 6 6 ) SUBROUTINE HEADNG( I UHI T, DT, TI MEL, STI ME, LSTCP, LS( 1 7 6 7 ) * LSTPH, LSTND, I BDM)( 1 7 6 8 ) I MPLICIT REAL*8< A- H, O-Z >( 1 7 6 9 ) C * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * » * * * * * * * * *( 1 7 7 0 ) C THIS SUBROUTINE UILL PRINT OUT A HEADING AT THE TOP( 1 7 7 1 ) C RUN OUTPUT. IT UILL BE CALLED BY MAIN ONLY, AND I S( 1 7 7 2 ) C LY OUNCE PER RUN.

( 1 7 6 3 ) £ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

( 1 7 8 7 )( 1 7 8 8 )( 1 7 8 9 )( 1 7 9 0 ) ( 1 7 9 1 )1 7 9 2 )1 7 9 3 )1 7 9 4 )1 7 9 5 )1 7 9 6 )( 1 7 9 7 )( 1 7 9 8 ) ( 1 7 9 9 ) ( 1 8 0 0 ) ( 1801) ( 1 8 0 2 )( 1 8 0 3 )( 1 8 0 4 )( 1 8 0 5 )( 1 8 0 6 ) ( 1 8 0 7 )1 8 0 8 )1 8 0 9 )1 8 1 0 ) 1 8 1 1 ) 1 8 1 2 )

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * TCL,* * * * * * * * * *

OF EACH CALLED ON-( 1 7 7 3 ) C( 1 7 7 4 ) C( 1 7 7 5 ) C ( S EE R( 1 7 7 6 ) C( 1 7 7 7 ) C IUNIT( 1 7 7 8 ) C DT( 1 7 7 9 ) C TIMEL( 1 7 8 0 ) C STIME( 1 7 8 1 > C LSTCP( 1 7 8 2 ) C LSTCL( 1 7 8 3 ) C LSTPH( 1 7 8 4 ) c LSTND( 1 7 8 5 ) c IBDM( 1 7 8 6 ) £ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

RFILE ARGUMENT AND I FILE LISTFOR DESCRI PTI ONS)DEVICE NUMBERFORTRAN OUTPUT TIME INCREMENT FINAL SIMULATION TIME START SIMULATION TIME NUMBER OF COMPONENTS NUMBER OF CLASSES NUMBER OF PATHS NUMBER OF NODES CLASSZCOMPONENT BLOCK SI ZEi****************************************C 0 MM0 N Z I 2 7 I F I L E ( 1 0 0 )C0MM0NZR2ZFUHCT<10, 1 0 )C0MM0NZR4ZSTATE( 2Q, 30)C0MM0NZR6ZUEI BL<3, 3 0 )C0MM0NZR7ZREVISN( 8 ) , SCHHDG( 8 ) , DATAFL( 8 )LSTPH = I F I L E C 4 )C7 7 7 ZZZZZZZZZ77ZZ7Z77Z7Z7ZZ7ZZZZ7ZZ7ZZZZZZZZ7ZZ7ZZZZ77ZZZ7ZZZZ77 C PRINT HEADINGSCZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ URITE( I UNI T, 1 0 0 0 ) ( REVISN( I ) , 1 = 1 , 8 >, ( SCHHDG( I ) , 1 = 1 , 8 ) ,* ( DATAFL( I ) , 1 = 1 , 8 ) , LSTCL, LSTCP, LSTPH,* LSTUD, STI ME, TIMEL, DT 1 0 0 0 F ORMAT ( 3 < 1 X, 8 A8 , Z ) , 6 X, 2 5 HNUMB E R OF TRACK CLASSES s .*

*********** DO 1 1 0 0

2 8 X , 1 2 , Z6X, 28HNUMBER OF TRACK COMPONENTS s , 2 5 X , I 6X, 28HPATHS IN SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM : , 2 4 X , I 6 X, 2 8 HN0 DES IN SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM s , 2 4 X , I 6X, 32HTI ME SIMULATION BEGINS AT YEAR s , l F 6 . 2 , Z ,6X, 30HTIME SIMULATION ENDS ON YEAR :‘, 1 9 X 6X, 30HTI ME INCREMENT SIZE IN YEARS : , 1 9X 1 8 X , 3 1 HUEIBULL DI STRI BUTI ON PARAMETERS,Z I X , 6 4 ( 1 H - ) , Z ,6 X , 5 H C L A S S , 5 X , 9HC0MP0NENT, 6X, 8HAVG. AGE, 4HBETA, 6 X , 6 H C - L I F E , Z , I X , 6 4 < l H - ) )ICL = i , L STCL

2, Z,3, Z,3, Z,7X,,F6.2,Z,,F6.2,ZZ,

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-52

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(1813)(1814)( 1815)(1816)(181?)(1818)( 1819)( 1820)(1821 )(1822)(1823)(1824)(1825)(1826)(1827)(1828)(1829)(1830)(1831 )PROGRAM 0000 ERRORS [

2000 1200 1 100300 0

115040004001 6000 SI ZE i

DO 1 2 0 0 ICP = 1 , LSTCPCALL R C OL U M( I C L , L S T C L , I C P , L S T C P , I R P , I RCOL, I BDM>W R IT E ( I UN I T, 2 0 0 0 ) I C l , I CP , ( MET BL CONTINUE CONTINUE 1 U R I T E , / , 2 X , 4 HPATH, 2 X, 5HFUNC. , 6 X , 1 HA, 9 X , 1 H B , 9 X ,* 1 H C , 9 X , 2 H X 0 , ? X , 2 H V 0 , / , I X , 6 4 < 1 H - ) )1 = 1I F ( FUNCT( 1 , 1 ) . EQ. 0 . 0 ) G 0 TO 6 0 0 0URITE , J = 1 , 2 > , ( F U N C T ( I , K ) , K = 6 , 10> FORMAT( 3 X, 1 3 , 3 X , 1 2 , 4 X , 5 FTN- REV16 . 6 I

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( 1 8 8 2 )1383)1884)1885)1886) 188?) 1888)1889)1890) 1891 )(1892)< 1893)< 1894) ( 1895) ( 1896)(1897)(1898)(1899) ( 1900) ( 1901) (1902) ( 1903)(1904)(1905)(1906) (190?)(1908)(1909)(1910)(1911)(1912)(1913)(1914)(1915)(1916)(1917)(1918)(1919)(1920) (1921 )(1922)(1923)(1924)(1925)(1926) (192?) (1928) ( 1929) (1930) (1931 )

DO 9 0 0 ICP ■■ ISTCP , LSTCPCALL R C O L U M ( I C l , l S T C L , I C P , l S T C P , I R P I F( RPATH3( IRP > . GT . 0 . 0 > G 0 TO 9 0 0 K = IRP + 1I RCOL, I

)RPATH3CI RP) = RPATHi ( I RP>+RPATH2 ( I RP IF< R P A T H 3 ( I R P ) . EQ . 0.00)G0 TO 900 QUAL1 = R P A T H K I R P ) * R P A T H K K )QUAL2 = RPATH2( I RP ) *RPATH2<K)RPATH3( K) = ( QUAL1 +QUAL2 ) / RPATH3 ( I RP ) CALL P AT OU T < I F 3 , I P A T H3 , I I D M, R P A T H3 , IRDM) 9 0 0 COHTIHUE8 5 0 CONTINUE 1 0 0 0 CONTINUEC DETERMINE SPLI T FRACTIONS FOR BRANCH NODES.

DO 1 2 0 0 J = ISTND * LSTND. 0 )G0 TO 1 2 0 0I F CALL P A T H I N ( I F 1 , I P A T H 1 ,CALL P A T H I N ( I F 2 , I PATHS j CALL P A T H I N ( I F 3 , I P A T H 3 ,DO 1 1 0 0 I CL = I S TCL, LSTCL DO 1 1 5 0 ICP = I STCP, LSTCPCALL RCOLUtK I C L , L S T C L , I C P , K = IR.P+1I F ( I N 0 D E C 5 , J ) . EQ. 1 )G0 TO

I IDM, RPATHI I IDM , RPAT.H2. I RDM )I RDM )I IDM, RPATH3, IRDM)

LS TCP, I R P , I R C O L , I B D M )8 0 0

7 0 0RPATHK IRP

C7 0 08 0 0

1 1 48

I F( RPATHK IRP ) . EQ . 0 . 0 ) GO TO RHODE( I R C O L , J ) * RP ATH2 ( I RP ) /I F ( I N OD E < 6 , J ) . EQ. 1 )RHODE( IRCOL, J ) = RPATH3( IRP VRPATH 1 ( IRP >GO TO 1 1 4 8 ,RHODE( I RCOL, J > = 0 . 0 GO TO 1 1 4 8BAD1 = RPATHK I R P ) * R P A T H K K )I F( BAD 1 . EQ. 0 . 0 )G0 TO 7 0 0 RNQDE ( I RCOL , J > = RP AT H2 ( I RP ) / BAD1I F( I N0DEC6, J ) . EQ. 1 )RNODE( IRCOL, J ) = RP AT H3 ( I RP ) 7

115 1 10I 20

I F ( R N O D E ( I R C O L , J ) . LT. 0 I F ( RNODE( IRCOL, J ) = 1 . 0CONTINUE CONTINUE CONTINUE

0 ) RNODE( I RCOL, J < R N O D £ ( I R C O L , J ) ) - 0 . GT . 001.0))

SSH

< -

< 1 9 3 2 ) RETURN< 1 9 3 3 ) ENDPROGRAN S I Z E ! PROCEDURE - 0 0 0 6 2 2 LINKAGE - 0 2 1 6 2 1 STACK - 0 0 0 0 5 4 0 0 0 0 ERRORS [CNDVAL >FTN- REV16 . 6 ]

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< 1 9 3 4 ) < 1 9 3 5 ) < 1 9 3 6 )< 1 9 3 7 ) < 1 9 3 8 )< 1 9 3 9 ) 1 9 4 0 ) 1941 ) 1 9 4 2 ) 1 9 4 3 ) 1 9 4 4 ) 1 9 4 5 ) 1 9 4 6 )1 9 4 7 )1 9 4 8 )1 9 4 9 )1 9 5 0 ) < 1 9 5 1 ) < 1 9 5 2 ) < 1 9 5 3 ) < 1 9 5 4 )< 1 9 5 5 ) < 1 9 5 6 )1 9 5 7 )1 9 5 8 )1 9 5 9 )1 9 6 0 ) 1961 ) 1 9 6 2 ) 1 9 6 3 )

C * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *C 4 **:#** * *#$**«$$*** * # * * * # * ## $ * ft * * :|i i*### $ ft $ * $ :$c * * ***:<< *#*##*#$*** *C + * 4 + * * * * 4 4 4 4 * 4 * 4 * + 4 ** * * * * 4 4 * * 4 ** 4 4 4 4 *4 4 4 4 #♦4 * 4 * * 4 *4 4 4 4 4 4 4*4 * 4 * * SUBROUTINE INTDAT<LSTPH, I I D H / I R D M )IMPLI CI T R E A L * 8 < A - H , 0 - 2 >C**: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * C IMTDAT WILL CLEAR THE DIRECT ACCESS FI LES P%R 10 R TO READING IN*THE DATA

( SEE ARGUMENT LISTRFILE AND I FI LE FOR DETAI L)LSTPH - NUMBER OF PATH IN MODEL11 DM - DIMENSION OF IPATH *I RDM - DIMENSION OF RPATH *C*************************************************************** DIMENSION IPATH< 15 ) , RPATH( 7 5 0 )DO

100

200

2 5 0

1 , 11 DM ) = 0 ) = 0I I DM, > = 0

00I RDM 00

PROGRAM SI ZE 0 0 0 0 ERRORS

100 I =IPATHCI RPATH<I CONTINUE DO 2 0 0 I =RPATHCI CONTINUE DO 2 5 0 I =IPATHC1 CALL PATOUTC CONTINUE RETURN ENDi PROCEDURE - 0 0 0 1 0 0 £< I N T D A D F T N - R E V 1 6 . 6 3

1 , LSTPH) = II , I PATH, I I DM RPATH,IRDM )

LINKAGE - 0 0 5 7 3 2 STACK - 0 0 0 0 2 4

P *

i-57

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! 1964) <1965)< 1966) <1967) <1968) <1969) <1970) <1971) <1972) <1973) <1974) <1975) <1976)< 1 97 7 )< 1978) <1979)< 1980) <1981>< 198 2 ) <1983) <1984) <1985) <1986) <1987) <1988) <1989) <1990)< 1991 ) <1992) <1993) <1994) <1995) <1996) <1997) <1998) <1999)< 2000) < 2001 ) < 2002)< 2003)< 2004 )< 2005)< 2006)< 2007)< 2 008 >< 2009) <2010) <2011) <2012)< 2013)

C * 4 4 4 4 4 * 4 * 4 * 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 * 4 4 4 4 * * 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 C * 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 C *4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 * 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 * 4 4SUBROOT I HE RAUDAT< LSTCP, LS TCL, I DCODE, I I DM, I RDM, I BDM, I STCT, *LSTCT )C IMPLICIT R E A L * 8 ! A - H , 0 - Z )COMMON/I 2 / IF I L E < 1 0 0 >C C0 MH0 H/ R2 / FUNCT! 1 0 , 1 0 )C 0 M M 0 N / R 4 / S T A T E ! 2 0 , 3 0 )C 0 MM0 N / R 5 / R F I L E ! 1 0 0 )COMM0N/ R7/ REVISH< 8 ) , SCHHDG< 8 ) , DATAFL< 8 )DIMENSION REALA< 12 ) , REALB! 9 >,REALC< 6 ) , REAL DC 3 ) , REAL2< 12 ) ,*FTMP< 10, 10 )DIMENSION IPATH! 15 ) , IFTLHK< 2 0 )DIMENSION R P A T H< 7 5 0 ) , V A L U E ! 5 0 ) , RL<1 4 )C NPATHR = I F I L E < 13 )NCOSTS = IFILE< 17 >IRUNIT = I FIL E< 22 )ITUNIT = IFILE< 23 )DO 7 1 = 1 , 2 0I FTLHK! I ) = I + 1 RPATH< I ) = 0 . 07 CONTINUE 0 0 9 1 = 1 , 1 0DO 8 K = 1 , 1 0FTMP<1 , 1 0 = O. OOD- Ol8 CONTINUE9 CONTINUE vNXTAV = 1ISTLHK = 1 ITMP = 0 ICOUNT = 0 C ITRACE = 0C U R I T E 5 6 5 F OR MA T ! 2 < 1 P D 1 0 . 3 , I X ) , ' VALUES IN RAWOAT')ITRACE = 1C WR I T E ! I T UNI T , 1 0 0 0 >I TRACE1 0 0 0 FORMAT! I D C C R E A D ! I R U N I T , 8 3 ) <DATAFL< K) , K = 1 , 8 )8 3 FORMAT! 8 A8)READ! I RUNI T, * ) I PH, ICD, RL< 1 ) , RL! 2 ) , RL< 3 ) , RL! 4 ) , R L < 5 ) , R L ! 6 ) , * RL< 7 ) , RL! 8 ) , R L ! 9 ) , RL( 10 >

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D-58

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( 2 064) C< 2065) C(2066) (2067) 37< 2068) *< 2069)< 2070) *< 2071 ) C< 2072)< 2073) C(2074) C< 2075) C< 2076) C< 2077) C 40< 2078) C< 2079) 40< 2080) C< 2081 ) C< 2082) C< 2083) c< 2084)< 2085) 50< 2086) c(2087) C< 2088) 500< 2089) *< 2090)< 2091 ) C( 2092) < 2093) C< 2094) (2095) C(2096) C< 2097) C< 2098) C(2099) C(2100) 2000(2101 ) 60(2102) *(2103) *(2104)(2105) *

(2106) C(2107) C(2108) C(2109 ) C(2110) 57(2111) C(2112) C 58(2113) 58

UR 1TE< ITU HIT , 3 7 ) ( R E A L 2 < I 2 ) , 12 = 1.. 1 2 )FORMAK i X, 2< 6 ITRACE = ?U R I T E ( I T U N I T , 1 0 0 0 >ITRACE GO TO 5 0

CALL DATA3< I PH, RL, LSTCP, LSTCL, XCODE, VALUE, NCOSTS,* IPATHi I I OMi RPATHi IRDHi 1 0 CODE, I CL, l S T C L , l C P , l S T C P , I S T C T )ITRACE = 8UR 1 TEICK, ICD, RL< 1 ) , RL< 2 ) , RL< 3 >, RL< 4 ) , RL < 5 ), RL( 6 > , R L < ? >, RL< 8 ) , RL<9 >,RL< 1 0 ) , R L < l 1 ) ,RL< 12 ) , RL( 13 ) , RL< 1 4 )

U R 1 T E < I T U H I T , 1 0 0 0 )ITRACE I F ( ( ICK . EQ. 9 9 9 ) OR. ( I CO .EQ. 0 ) ) G 0 TO 6 0 U R I T E ( I T U N I T , 1 0 0 0 )1 TRACE GO TO 15

U R I T E( ITUNIT , 2 0 0 0 )I TRACE FORMAT<1 2 )CALL DUHMY< I RP , I P H, I TVP E, I F CODE, I DCODE, I S TCT, VALUE, NCOSTS, I P A T H , I I D H , R P A T H , I R O M , I C S T , I POT,. I QDT, I MFG, I RPBi LS TCT, FTMP, NPATHR, I RCOL, I PRT, I TMP )I T R A P F = 1 1URITE( ITUNIT , 2 0 0 0 )1 TRACE

UR ITE< ITUNIT,57)( IPATH < I ), I = 1,15) FORMAT<* POST DUMHV ' , 13)U R I T E ( I T U H I T , 5 8 ) I P H , < R P A T H < I ) , I = 1 , 2 0 ) F 0 R M A T ( I 3 , 2 X , 5 < 2 X , 5 < 1 P D 1 0 . 3 ) , / ) )F0RMAT( ' POST Nl / XVALUE CHANGE ' , 1 3 ) 0

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< 2 1 1 4 ) ( 2 1 1 5 ) < 2 1 1 6 )< 211?) < 2 1 1 8 ) < 2 1 1 9 )< 2 1 2 0 )< 2121 ) <2122) < 2 1 2 3 ) < 2 1 2 4 ) < 2 1 2 5 ) < 2 1 2 8 ) < 2 1 2 7 )< 2 1 2 8 ) < 2 1 2 9 ) < 2 1 3 0 )< 2 1 3 1 ) < 2 1 3 2 ) < 2 1 3 3 ) < 2 1 3 4 ) < 2 1 3 5 ) < 2 1 3 8 ) < 2 1 3 7 ) < 2 1 3 8 ) < 2 1 3 9 ) < 2 1 4 0 )< 2 1 4 1 ) < 2 1 4 2 ) < 2 1 4 3 )< 2 1 4 4 ) < 2 1 4 5 ) < 2 1 4 8 ) < 2 1 4 7 ) < 2 1 4 8 ) < 2 1 4 9 ) < 2 1 5 0 )< 2 1 5 1 ) < 2 1 5 2 ) < 2 1 5 3 ) < 2 1 5 4 ) PROGRAM

CCC2008 7 58 0 8

8 0 8

8 5 0

8 5 ?

CCC100SI ZE

N = ISTLNKICNT = I COUNT + 1 THPIF< ITMP .EQ. 0 )G0 TO 8 5 0DO 8 7 5 N = 1 , ITMPHI = I D I N T < F T M P ( N , 3 ) )U R I T E , K = l , 10 )FORHAK 2< 5< 1 P D 1 0 . 3 , I X ) , / ) , / )CONTINUE N = ISTLNK ICOUNT = ICOUNT + 1 DO 8 0 8 I = 1 , 1 0FUNCTCI COUNT, I ) ■ F T HP < N, I >CONTINUE N = IFTLNK< N )I F( ICOUNT . LT. I CNT) GO TO 8 0 6 ITNP = 0CALL P A T G U T < I P H, I P A T H, I I D H, R P A T H, I R ON )ITRACE - 12 DO 8 5 ? I = 1 , 2 0 1 FTLNK< I ) = !♦ !RPATHU ) = 0 . 0 CONTINUE NXTAV = 1 ISTLNK « 1URITE< I T U N I T , 2 0 0 0 )ITRACE IF< ICK . EQ. 9 9 9 )G0 TO 1 0 0 ICT = ICOUNT IPH = ICKCALL RESET<RL, I C P , I C L , I N D , I T Y P E , I C S T , I P D T , I Q D T , I M F G , I R P B , * IPRT )CALL ASSI GNSRL, NCOSTS, VALUE, REAL 2 , 1 FLAG)CALL P A T H I N F TN- REV! 6 . 6 I LINKAGE - 0 0 7 6 0 1 STACK 0 0 0 0 5 0

Ji *

01a\

( 2 1 5 5 )< 2 1 5 6 )< 2 1 5 7 )< 2 1 5 8 )< 2 1 5 9 )< 2 1 6 0 )< 2 1 6 1 )< 2 1 6 2 )< 2 1 6 3 )< 2 1 6 4 )< 2 1 6 5 )< 2 1 6 6 )< 2 1 6 7 )< 2 1 6 8 )< 2 1 6 9 )< 2 1 7 0 )< 2 1 7 1 )< 2 1 7 2 )< 2 1 7 3 )< 2 1 7 4 )< 2 1 7 5 )< 2 1 7 6 )< 2 1 7 7 )< 2 1 7 8 )< 2 1 7 9 )< 2 1 8 0 )< 2 1 8 1 ) PROGRAM SIZE 0 0 0 0 ERRORS

C***+ ****+*#* + + #*****•*** + #**&:* + *## ****=«<*••<<**##:** ■•{>**:*$#C # * * *•# **♦ *# + * # * * * * * * # # # * * # * * * + iM(sJn|< * # # * * J* * * * # + *!♦ **••* #*:)<!)<**#*>»<###* * SUBROUTINE ASSI GN<RL, HCOSTS, VALUE, REAL2 . 1 FLAG)c ;IMPLI CI T R E A L * 8 < A - H , 0 - Z )DIMENSION R E A L 2 U 2 )DIMENSION VALUE<NCOSTS) , RL<1 4 )100cc

200Cc3 0 0CCCCC

<oDO

DO

1 0 0 I = 1 , 1 4 RL F T N - R E V 1 6 . 6 1 LINKAGE - 0 0 0 0 2 4 STACK - 0 0 0 0 3 2

-62

d .

< 2 1 8 2 )< 2 1 8 3 )< 2 1 8 4 )< 2 1 8 5 )< 2 1 8 6 )< 2 1 8 7 )< 2 1 8 8 )< 2 1 8 9 )< 2 1 9 0 )< 2 1 9 1 ) < 2 1 9 2 ) <2193) < 2 1 9 4 ) < 2 1 9 5 ) < 2 1 9 6 ) < 2 1 9 7 ) < 2 1 9 8 ) < 2 1 9 9 )< 2 2 0 0 )< 2201 )< 2 2 0 2 )< 2 2 0 3 )< 2 2 0 4 )< 2 2 0 5 )< 2 2 0 6 ) PROGRAM

C#** **********#**:*****## H'#***************:**!** ****** it************ C * * * 1*1* * # ^ ^ * * * * * * * * # * * * # # > » ♦ S'. > » * * . # * $ * * 1* « V # * *

SUBROUTINE RES ET<RL* I CP, I CL / I N D , S T Y P E , I C S T , I PDT, IQDT, IMFC / * I R P B j I P RT)C REAL*8 RL<14 )C ICP = I F I X < R L < l ) )C ICL = I FIX< RL< 2 ) )C IND = IF IX< R L ( 3 ) )C ITYPE = I F I X < R L < 4 ) >ICST » I FI X< RL< 3 ) )IPDT = I FI X< RL< 4 ) )IQDT = I F I X ( R L ( 5 ) )INFG = I F I X ( R L < 6 ) >IRPB = I F I X ( R L ( 7 ) )IPRT = I FI X< RL< 8 ) )

SI ZE0 0 0 0 ERRORSRETURNEND! PROCEDURE - 0 0 0 0 7 1 C < RESET > F T H - R E V 1 6 . 6 1 LINKAGE - 0 0 0 0 2 7 STACK 0 0 0 0 5 6

ji « ■)

D-63

<2207)< 2208)< 2208) <2210) <2211)< 221-2)< 2213) <2214)< 2215)< 2218) <2217) <2218)< 2219)< 2 2 2 0 )< 2 2 2 1 ) PROGRAM

C * * * + *'+*'+** + # + * + ** + ** + * + ****#*'+#* + * * * * H'** * +• + + * + 4 * 4 #***>(<$ # *C+ **** + *#*•+'******+* •I'**#*******#*#****#****#******** :**** **!}••+£** 4 4 *4 *4 4 * 4 fc*************** 4 4 *4 *4 4 * 4 * 4 4 $4 *44* 4$ *4 *4** **$**><>* *4'>S<

SUBROUTINE RCLEAR(RL)IMPLICIT REAL*8<A-Hi0-Z)

CDIMENSION RL<14 >

100CC

SIZE

DO 100 1 - 1 / 1 3RLFTN-REVI6.6 1

LINKAGE - 000023 STACK - 000018

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D-69

D-70

< 2 47 4 )< 2 4 7 5 ) C 50 0< 24 76 ) C550< 2 4 7 7 ) C < 2 4 7 8 ) 500< 24 7 9 )PROGRAM SIZE 0000 ERRORS

*

GO TO 100WRITE<ITUNIT,550 X I FTLNKC K ) , K = i , 20 >, HXT AV , ISTL MK FORMAT< 1 IFTLHK' , A 2( 1 0< 13 , IX >, / ),/, ' NXTAV- ' , I 2 , ' URITE<ITUHIT, 50)L, RPATH<L>

RETURNEND

: PROCEDURE - 000364 LINKAGE - 000036 STACK[ <LNKLST>FTN-REV16. 6 1

\ . t

1s t -',m

- 000054

C

t • f • >

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.D-71

aiN3

( 2 5 3 0 )< 2531 )< 2 5 3 2 )< 2 5 3 3 )( 2 5 3 4 ) <•2535)< 2 5 3 6 )< 2 5 3 7 )< 2 5 3 8 )< 2 5 3 9 )< 2 5 4 0 )< 2541 )< 2 5 4 2 )< 2 5 4 3 ) < 2 5 4 4 )< 2 5 4 5 )< 2 5 4 6 )< 2 5 4 7 ) < 2 5 4 8 )< 254 9)< 2 5 5 0 )< 2551 )< 2 55 2 )< 2 5 5 3 )< 2 55 4 ) < 25 55 )< 2 55 6 )< 2 55 7 )< 2 5 5 8 ) < 2 5 5 9 )< 2 56 0 )< 2561 )< 2 56 2 )< 2 56 3 )< 2 5 6 4 )< 2 5 6 5 )< 2 5 6 6 )< 2 5 6 7 )< 2 56 8 )< 2 5 6 9 )< 2 5 7 0 ) PROGRAM

1010021C54

C64200C

300400CCCCCCCC42C

SIZEODOO ERRORS

FORMAK 2 = VALUE<20)ST ATE< 3 , IRCOL ) = VALUE<21>K = 20 J = IRP + 1

U R IT E < ITUNIT, 5 4 ) J FORMAK ' K - ' , 1 3 )DO 200 I = IRP, J

RPATHC I ) = VALUE<K)VALUE<K) = 0 . 0 0

URITE<ITUNIT, 64) K FORMAT<' K - ' , 12 >

K = K + 1 CONTINUE

UR 1T E(ITUHIT , 10)RPATH< 3 > , RP ATH< 4 ) J = IRP + ISTCT - 1

UR I TE< ITUHIT, 54>J K = 30M = J + LSTCT + 1 DO 400 I = J , M

IF<<RPATH<D .LT < - 5 0 ) ) GO TO 300

URITE<ITUNIT, 64)K RPATH = 0 . 0 0 K = K + 1

CONTINUE

UR 1TE<ITUNIT, 1Q) RPATH<3) , RPATH( 4 )URITE<ITUNIT, 4 3 )URITE< ITUNIT, 44 )< VALUEURITE< ITUNIT, 44HRPATHFTH-REV16. 6 J

1 0 . 0 * * - 4 ? > .AND. < RPATH<I) .GE. 1 0 . 0 * *

STACK 0 0 0 1 2 2

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4

D-73

0

APPENDIX E

Program Subroutines

E-l/E-2

PROGRAM SUBROUTINE INDEX

BY LINE NUMBER ALPHABETICAL

Line ^ Title Title - ’ Line

78 SWEEP ABNRML 223161 SETARR ACCUME 1250223 ABNRML ADDRCH 1491379 DRATE ASSIGN 2158414 NORMAL BRANCH 915658 WEIBUL CDFUNC 1448712 DATA IN. DATA1 2272809 ERRORS DATA2 2307831 TRACE DATA IN 712883 PATHIN DRATE 379899 PATOUT DUMMY ■ 2483915 BRANCH ERRORS 809

1029 SUMS FUNCTS 12961092 PDOT FPLACE 23791142 QDOT HEADNG 17661192 RCOLUM INTDAT 19371214 PCOSTS LNKLST 24271250 ACCUME NDVAL 18351296 FUNCTS NORMAL 4141448 CDFUNC . OUTPUT 15381491 ADDRCH PATHIN 8831538 OUTPT PATOUT ; 8991766 HEADNG . PCOSTS 12141835 NDVAL PDOT 10921937 INTDAT QDOT 11421967 RAWDAT RAWDAT 19672158 ASSIGN RCLEAR 22102185 RESET RCOLUM 11922210 RCLEAR REALCL 25742225 REFILL . REFILL 22252272 DATA1 RESET 21852307 DATA2 SETARR 1612379 FPLACE SUMS 10292427 • LNKLST SWEEP 782483 DUMMY TRACE 8312574 REALCL WEIBUL 658

' E-3

This appendix consists of a program index of all subroutines by line numbers of the listing in Appendix D and a detailed explanation of selected subroutines. Although each subroutine has explanatory comments in the program listing, as well as in Appendix C (flow charts), some routines require more explanation. In particular, a full description of subroutine FUNCTS is included in this appendix. FUNCTS provides for all user implemented functional relationships needed for modifying cost or flow values. At the present time seven (7) families of functions have been entered to the program and are available to the user (see equations below). These functions are activated by entering 'appropriate input data to the data file such as that shown in Appendix G.

All functions make use of the operating array FUNCT (10,10) which is assembled from user supplied numbers during the data read in cycle of the program.The FUNCT array has five columns for control operation and five columns for numeric shaping of the functions programmed. The various columns 1 through 10 have the meanings shown in Figure E-l.

Assume that the amount of track from accidents being maintained is to be modified as a linear function of current rail quality. Figure E-2 shows the various steps in implementing this function by using program function number 6 which is a linear operating function using the present or current state quality. Figure E-2 shows the original graphic form of the desired function, its associated equation, the input data for activating it, and two program outputs associated with its use. The two outputs of the program are; the prompting message to the user at the top of the run output, and then the "flow" outputs from each time point of the simulation.

The prompting message lists the path and functions that are operating on those paths so that the user knows when functional "modifiers" are operating on the base data for those paths.

Seven functional families of equations are programmed for use. In order that a specific functional equation is from any of the seven forms programmed, the user must supply input data values for _C_,_X_cr_and_Y_«--S_e_e_example at--- ----.

E-4

end of this appendix on how these values can generate different functions. Family of equation form by programmed function number in Subroutine FUNCTS:

1.

2 .

3.

4,

Linear

Power

Exponential

WeibullProbability Density

F(X) = A*X + B

F(X) = A*(X-X )B + Y_ o o

F(X) = A* (Exp (B (X-Xq) ) ) + Yq

* F(X) = 1 5 J L _ 1 . (Exp(-(|) ))

5. Hyperbolic Tangent F(X) = A (1+Zj ) + C(l-Z2) + Yq

where Z^ and Z'2 are explicitly givenin Subroutine "FUNCTS"

6. Linear on Quality . F(Q) = A*Q/B + Cf,

7« Explicit on Flow F(f^) = AOf-j+A'B)

where

X = a dummy variable, usually simulation time in years during a simulationrun. Independent variable selectable, see Figure E-l column 5.

A, B, C, X , Y = Constants input by user (See example at the end of this o oappendix).

Q = Quality of component at time step during simulation.f^ = Path flow of component during simulation on path designated by user.

This results from Weibull cumulative distribution which is defined asf(x) = 1-Exp[-(^)B]

where A>0, B>0, XÔThe failure rate H(X) is given by H(X) = —_ (XB. D

E-5

(FUNCT ARRAY Rows Presently Limited to 10t Expandable Indefinitely by User. See Program

Common Block R2)

IO'

CONTROLS SHAPE PARAMETERS (CONSTANTS)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

PATH F C N M I V A B C X ?oU 0 U U N Ao

M L D RN s B T E IC T E I P AR P E BT L N L1 C 0 I D E -

F E E0 0 R N SN D S T '11 E L

EFT

k k k k 1 User Supplied Data for Shaping Functions-See Figure 3-1„ Section 3 for.number meanings.-Handled automatically by program if user enters more than one function modifier for this path item.-See Figure 3-1. Section 3 for number meanings.-Program function number itemized in Subroutine "FUNCTS9-Maintenance action diagram path number.

FIGURE E-l. FUNCT ARRAY SPECIFICATIONS BY COLUMN NUMBER

DESCRIPTION FORM

Graphic Display of Function to be Used in Model to Modify Accident "Flow" on Path 17.

Accident 1.0 - Track .71- Multiplier

I11iRail Quality, Q

Linear Equation of Above Graphic Display. See Function 6 of "FUNCTS” Subroutine

PAceident "7 , A ■ .29 Track - £ Q + C B - .1

|_MultiplierJ C - .71

Input Data for Activating and Describing Function to be Used in Modifying Track Flow with Track Quality. See data in Appendix G.

Path # ^ ---"Flow Code"017 2 20 50017 2 20 6 0.29 0.1 0.71Function # ---- ^ \ T

Parameters A, B, C

Tabular Output at Beginning of Computer Run Prompting User That Function 6 is Active on Path 17 as well as Listing Shape Parameters Used.

FUNCTIONS AN0 SHAPE PARAMETERS ACTIVEPATH FUNC . ’ »<• A B C X0 Y0

S 7 2.000 00 3.900 01 0 . ooo-ot 0.000-01 0.000-0117 6 2.900-01 1.000-01 7 . 100-01 0.000-01 0 . 000-01

Sample Program Output "Flows" Along Path 17 With and Without Function 6 Operating Over the Ten Year Simulation PeriodTime Yr________0 .5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 . . . 10*Flow

No Function 8.00 6.09 5.21 4.78 4.56 4.44 4.38. . . 4.31*Flow

With Function Modifier on Quality

8.00 5.67 4.68 4.22 3.99 3.87 3.81. . . 3.74

*Component 1 of Class 1, 2, 3 Track

FIGURE E-2. SAMPLE APPLICATION OF A SINGLE FUNCTION TO MODIFY THE AMOUNT OF TRACK FROM TRACK ACCIDENTS BEING MAINTAINED DURING SIMULATION MAINTENANCE ACTION DIAGRAM EXAMPLE #1, PATH 17

E-7

In a similar manner, any other path may have fmotional "modifiers'* operating on their flows or costs. One must merely generate the form of the functional dependence and activate the "modifier" function on the path component flows and/or costs known to be affected by the relation. If two or more functional "modifiers" are known to affect the path data then each is entered separately During the simulation, then both functions will "modify" the base information carried by taking the product of the two functions.

Actually "any" number of functions may be used to modify the path data as long as the input shape parameters can be given to prescribe the relationships used in the simulation modeling.

As an example of how the shape parameters can influence the nature of the programmed family of curves consider the displays of Figure E-3. The upper plot of this figure demonstrates the curve shape obtained from programmed Equation #4 by setting parameter B. equal to .5, 1, 2 and 43 respectively.The plot is made for all dummy variable values of "X" such that 0 g X $ 3 A where A is one of the parameters in programmed Equation #4.

This type of programmed formulation can be used to produce scalar outputs which may be known to depend in general on some "state variable" or "time" during the simulation. A collection of mechanical components whose rate of failure sometimes depends upon the age of the components can often be described by a distribution such as the Weibull.

F(X)WEIBULL PROBABILITY DENSITYProgrammed Equation #4

forB = .5, 1, 2, 4 X = 0 . . . 3A

WEIBULL CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTION for

B = .5, 1, 2, 4 X - 0 . . . 3A

FAILURE RATE FUNCTION H(x) for

B = .5, 1, 2, 4X = 0 . . . 3A

FIGURE E-3. DIFFERENT FUNCTIONAL FORMS OF WEIBULL DISTRIBUTIONSRESULTING FROM NUMERIC-ADJUSTMENT OF SHAPE PARAMETERS A AND B

E-9/E-10

APPENDIX P

Computer Program Control and Operating Data File Structuring

F-l/F-2

This appendix describes descriptions needed for

COMMON INTEGER ARRAYS:

PROGRAM LOCATION AND ARRAY NAME

COMMON/II/IERROR(10)

COMMON/I2/IFILE(100)

COMMON/13/IFLAG(10)

COMMON/I77lNODE(6,300)

program array structuring and element by element understanding their operation and use.

DESCRIPTION

Used for program diagnostics. The ten elements of this vector are used in subroutine ERRORS for printing and tracing typical errors results ing from possible clerical mistakes.

A user file whose various values define various other program array lengths, as well as input/output controls. Each vector element of this file used.by the program has a variable "name” used-in the program. The full length of this data file with variable names and their meanings is listed at the end of this Appendix.

Used for program diagnostics. These ten values control the printed error messages selected by subroutine TRACE. Setting IFLAG(1) = 0 will normally disable or shut this option off.Up to a maximum of 300 nodes. This array carries six numeric values which correspond to each of the various path branching or sum points (nodes) of the maintenance action diagram. The six columns contain the following information.Column Numberic Value is:1. Incoming path number to node.2. In or out path number depending upon

whether path is a summing node or branch (splitting) node, respectively.

’ F-3 .

3. . Outgoing path number of corresponding node.

4i Zero (0) if a sum node, One (1) if a branch node.

5. Zero (0) if split fraction of path flow based on total incoming flow. One (1) if split fraction of path flow is based on defective portion of incoming flow to the node.

6. This column only has meaning for branching nodes (one path in-two out). Action diagrams branch nodes are always referred to with the following convention.

1Incoming path

'> Node point

Path 3 /(Next clockwise path on node from Path 2)

.Path 2(First clockwise path from in-, coming)

If the numeric value in column six is zero (0) then path 2 is the reference path. If it is one (1) then path 3 is the reference path.

The reference path flow given in the input data is used at the beginning of the program execution to compute . the node split fraction automatically by the program. See RNODE array values

F-4

C0MM0N/I8/IARAY(15,600)

Common Real Arrays

Common/R1/ACCUM(750)

Common/R2/FUNCT(10,10)

Up to fifteen (15) integer codes are allowed by this array to be attached to each path (up to 600) of the maintenance action diagram of the cost model. Not all of the fifteen have been designated. Those that have are to be associated with the meanings given in the data entry and formsetting procedure of the Appendix G data example.

This array holds the cost summary from all paths. The dimension of this array is to be at least as large as the product of three variables entered by the user in the IFILE ARRAY, i.e., IBDM*LSTCP*LSTCL. See notation in IFILE at the end of this Appendix.

Used by the FUNCTS subroutine in all computations requiring formula type relationships involving costs or system path flows known to have explicit dependencies which can be expressed by a formula. Although this array presently has only 10 rows for demonstration purposes it should be dimensioned to have at least as many rows as there would be functional (shape parameter formula related) data lines in the user generated input cost data (See Appendix G for example). The functional shape parameters and numeric control items for this array for each column (for up to ten columns) are explained in detail in Appendix E.

•F-5

Common/R3/RN0DE(30 , 300)

Common/R4/STATE(20,30)

CoTnmon/R5/RFILE (100)

This array is cleared and filled at the beginning of the program execution without user control from the flow information supplied by the user as shown in the example of Appendix G. The numeric elements of this array are the fractional path flow split values associated with each node. Thus, dimension 300 must be at least as large as the number of nodes (sum and branch) in maintenance action diagram being used1 in the simulation. The dimension 30 corresponds to the product of the number of track structural components (typically 5) and FRA track classes (typically 6) used in the simulation.

This array is used during the simulation to store computations on the system populations (amount of each component), their rates of change, the system qualities (one for each component and class) and their rates of change. There are five (5) sets of each of these four (4) items stored for the separate Runga Kutta computations. Thus the dimension20. The thirty (30) dimension corresponds to a separate set of 20 for each track structural component and FRA track class (5 times 6 respectively).

This array has two conceptual blocks of information associated with it and only a small portion of this array has been made use of.The first 50 elements were set up to carry certain real time values which could be available in common. The first three elements are simulation starting time (in years),

• F-6

simulation time step in years, and a final reference time point in years which stops the simulation cycle. The final time entered by the user to array element three is usually one time step less than the last time point to be simulated. Array element 4 is not used. Elements five and six give the number of time steps that must pass before an output cost table is printed. Although a full set of costs and/or flows are generated at each time step the user can set the printed output cycle separately with these variables.This condenses the amount of output that must be printed if small time steps are used in the simulation.

The last 50 elements (50 through 99) are intended as simple real value numbers which are defined to be related through the simulation state variable "time" and the fifty variable parameters listed in Figure 3-1 of Section 3.

Common/R6/WEIBL(3,30) This array holds the user set of Weibull constantsused for depicting the amount of track component degradation which can occur naturally. There are three parameters; average age, distribution shape parameter 6, and characteristic life of the Weibull distribution. There is allowed a separate distribution for each track structural component and each FRA track class (5x6).

The Weibull distribution is general enough to describe component systems which have either

. F-7

an increasing or decreasing failure rate depending upon the value of g. If g=l then the exponential distribution results, and the failure rate is constant. The Weibull distribution is used as a time rate of failure descriptive technique and has been found to be useful for describing wear out rates for large collections of components such as bearings.(See References 9 and 11.)

Common/R7/REVISN(8), These arrays are used in passing the programSCHMGD(8), DATAFL(8) . . , ' ,revision number, the maintenance action

"schematic diagram" used, , and the cost datafile number used in the simulation.

The program revision number REVISN(8) is set at the very top of the program and should be renumbered if altered in the future.

Revision *6’ was the final Prime Computer version and revision '8' was the final Dec 10 version. The slight differences in the two were alterations for machine compatibility.

Common/R8/RARAY(750,600) This array is used to hold all cost and flowinformation associated with each path of the maintenance action diagram. For convenience the data by row number (up to 600 rows in this example) in this array corresponds to the information attached to the path of the same number in the maintenance action diagram used in the simulation. If paths in the action diagram are not numbered sequentially

_________________________________ then_s_ome_space_will_b.e wastecL.__Redimensioningthe 600 value of this array for the minimum

F-8

\

number of paths used in the simulation will conserve computer space.

The 750 dimension of this array can also be decreased in size to fit the simulation run if space in the computer needs to be conserved. This dimension must be at least as large as the product of program variables IBDM, LSTEL, and LSTCP. This corresponds to the minimum block of numbers (IBDM) needed for each FRA track class (LSTCL), and number of track structural components (LSTCP) used in the simulation. The IBDM min-imum data block size must be at least 8 if only one cost code is required to cover costs occurring on any path. For example purposes ZBDM was set at 20 and 25 for the data in Appendices G and H, respectively. This allowed for several types of costs (such as labor, materials, scrap, etc.) to be kept separately in the simulation.

Dimension Arrays

Dimension RPATH(750), IPATH(15) RPATH along with RPATH1, RPATH2, and RPATH3are vectors used in passing individual real number path costs and flow information between the RARAY and the various program subroutines. The 750 dimension must be at least as large as the product of program variables IBDM*LSTCL* LSTCT. The structure of this vector and its elements are displayed in Figure F-l.

IPATH, IPATH1, IPATH2, and IPATH3 are vectors used in passing integers (typically zero and one type of control indices associated with

• F-9

F-10

RP ATH # (N)DISK STORED PATH DATA WHERE

I * 1 oi ! oi 3 1 M X NUMBERS ARE1 N - 1 , 2 , . . . ( I B 0 M * LSTCL) f DOUBLE PRECISION REAL

I

LSTCP - NUMBER OF TRACK STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

TRACK CUSS NUMBER 1

COMPONENT 1

Q c q F F QF i I FU 0 U L 0 U 0 N N IA » A 0 R A R D D Rn e L w L i i ST 3 i F F C C Il N T A U A U A AT E Y D N D N T T cY H D C D C 0 0 0T R T R T R R S

0 E i E i TF S 0 s 0

S N s N cS S 0

DE

30i 2 3 4 5 6 7

■ A / fcOMPOSEST^"2.... '—\ n ---F --- A/-

COST CODE ?'s31 COST CODE #

9...49

-/\ r

COMPONENT .-LSTCP

REPEATFORALLCLASSES 2.3.... ..LSTCL

LSTFL LSTCT

K 1BDM

IBDH * LSTCP * LSTCL ■

FIGURE F-l. ARRAY STORAGE STRUCTURE FOR PATH DATA BY ARRAY SUBSCRIPT NUMBER

* '!

the paths) between the IARAY and the various subroutines. The 15 dimension was selected arbitrarily before the actually needed numbers of this kind of integer was fully established. Actually only eight are used during the program execution, (for all indicators I=*Yes, 0=No)i.e. sIPATH(l) = The path number of the maintenance

action diagram path to which the rest of the array elements are to be associated. Variable IPG.

IPATH(5) = Path type. Variable ITYPE.IPATH(8) = Maintenance action Repair Block

number in which this path resides. This provides cost outputs to be - summaried by Repair Block or type. Variable IRPB.

IPATH(10)= An indicator as to whether this path contains costs. This indicator allows the program to skip the cost computations if the path has no costs associated with it.Variable ICST.

IPATH(ll)- An indicator as to whether there is a net change in the simulated system population on this path. Source or sink flows such as from manufacturers or scrap yards require this information. Variable IPDT.

IPATH(12)= An indicator showing that thequality of the components on this path are altered from the labor or work applied to them. Variable IQDT.

' F-ll

IPATH(13) = Indicator of manufacturing path. Variable IMFG.

IPATH(14)= Indicator allowing this path tohe skipped at printout time during the simulation. This allows print- outs of small portions of the main” tenance action diagram to be obtained. Variable IPRT.

Dimension Place(lO), RUNN(IO) Handle heading information for tabular outputs.

Copies of IFILE, RFILE, IFLAG, and WEIBL are listed below. These files along with the input cost data file of Appendix G are the only non-zero files needed to obtain the sample run output file shown in Appendix I.

F-12

BASE HOD 2 SHAKER RESEARCH

191

1812128

13158013

b1

205044

50

10 1 1

1 410001113

1?19

10010

4411000000000

3456 7

1 ISTHD2 LSTHD

ISTPH LSTPH ISTCP LSTCP ISTCL

8 LSTCL9 ISTCT

10 LSTCT11 I 10 M12 I RDM13 HREFP14 LSTFL15 I OUT 18 IBDH17 NCOS TS18 LCTCD19 NPASS2021 I UN IT22 IRUNIT23 I TU H IT24 LNTHST25 IPRNT 2827 ISPRT28 IFMTS29 NDOUT30 IFMT31 N1 3 2 H2 33 HI3435

N2I COST

363 738 HBLOCK3940 IDCQDE41424344454 64748 4 9 3 0 51

CORP.FIRST NODE OF SCHEMATIC TO BEGIN COMPUTATIONS LAST NODE OF SCHEMATIC TO STOP FIRST PATH $. PATH DATA FILE NUMBER ON DISK LAST PATH & PATH DATA FILE NUMBER ON DISK FIRST COMPONENT NUMBER USED IN COMPUTATIONS LAST COMPONENT NUMBER USED IN COMPUTATIONS FIRST TRACK CLASS TO USE IN COMPUTATIONS LAST TRACK CLASS TO USE IN COMPUTATIONS COLUMN CONTAINING FIRST COST MINUS ONE TOTAL COST COLUMN BLOCK SIZE MINUS ONE DIMENSION OF IPATH ARRAY DIMENSION OF RPATH ARRAYSSCHEMATIC DIAGRAM IN USE REFERENCE PATH NUMBER TOTAL FLOW COLUMN BLOCK SIZE - EQUIVALENT TO ISTCT PATH DATA WRITE TO DISK CONTROL INDICATOR NUMBER OF FLOU PLUS COST COLUMNS C8L0CK SIZE) MAXIMUM NUMBER OF DATA CODESNUMERIC VALUE OF LAST USER DEFINED COST CODE STATE BLOCK REFERENCE ROW IN NORMAL AVAIL8LEFORTRAN UNIT DEVICE NUMBER FOR OUTPUT PRINTING FORTRAN UNIT FOR READING IN RAW DATA FORTRAN UNIT FOR PRINTING DIAGNOSTIC STATEMENTS NUMBER OF COLUMNS IN THE STATE ARRAY INDICATOR FOR NEED OF PATH FLOW/COST PRINTOUT AVAILABLEINDICATOR FOR NEED OF. COST/STATE PRINTOUTINDICATES. COST/STATE PRINT OPTIONSINDICATES NEED FOR FINAL COS T/ S TATE ' PR INTOU-TINDICATES FINAL PRINT OPTIONSSTATE POPULATION REFERENCE ROWSTATE QUALITY REFERENCE ROWSTATE POPULATION UPDATE ROWSTATE QUALITY UPDATE ROWINDICATOR FOR NEED OF COST COMPUTATIONSAVAILABLEAVAILABLENUMBER OF REPAIR BLOCKS IN SYSTEM AVAILABLELAST COST CODE - EQUIVALENT TO LCTCD RAW DATA PROCESSING INDICATOR MODEL RUN INDICATOR AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE

.AVAILABLE AVAILABLE

IFILE Listing(For Example //I Run, Appendix I)

F-13

IFILE-Listlng, Page 2

0 52 AVAILABLE0 53 AVAILABLE0 54 AVAILABLE0 55 AVAILABLE0 56 AVAILABLE0 5? AVAILABLE0 58 AVAILABLE0 59 AVAILABLE0 60 AVAILABLE0 61 AVAILABLE0 62 AVAILABLE0 63 AVAILABLE0 64 AVAILABLE0 65 AVAILABLE0 66 AVAILABLE0 6 7 AVAILABLE0 63 AVAILABLE0 69 AVAILABLE0 70 AVAILABLE0 ?1 AVAILABLE0 7 2 AVAILABLEG 7 3 ■ AVAILABLE0 74 AVAILABLE0 7 5 AVAILABLE0 7 6 AVAILABLEG 77 AVAILABLE0 73 AVAILABLE0 79 AVAILABLEo 3 0 AVAILABLEo 81 AVAILABLEG 82 AVAILABLE0 83 AVAILABLE0 84 AVAILABLE0 85 AVAILABLE0 8 6 AVAILABLEG 87 AVAILABLE0 88 AVAILABLE0 89 AVAILABLE0 90 AVA ILABLEG 91 AVAILABLEG 9 2 AVAILABLE0 93 AVAILABLEG 94 AVAILABLE0 95 AVAILABLE0 9 6 AVAILABLE0 9 7 AVAILABLEo 9 8 AVAILABLE'j M "i AVAILABLEo 100 A V AILABLf?0 AVAILABLE

F-14

RFILE Listing(For Example it 1 Run, Appendix I)

0 . 0 1 STIME STARTING TIME FOR M0 . 1 2 DTI ME TIME STEP FOR MAIN/

1 .9 3 TIMEL FINISH TIME FOR TIM0 . 0 4 AVAILABLE5 . 0 5 OUTPUT FREQUENCY CO5 . 0 6 QUTLMD OUTPUT FREQUENCY0 . 0 7 AVAILABLE0 . 0 8 AVAILABLE0 . 0 9 AVAILABLE0 . 0 10 AVAILABLE0 . 0 , 1 1 AVAILABLE0 . 0 12 AVAILABLE0 . 0 13 AVAILABLE0 . 0 ' 14 AVAILABLE0 . 0 15 AVAILABLE0 . 0 16 AVAILABLE0 . 0 1? AVAILABLE0 . 0 18 AVAILABLE0 . 0 19 AVAILABLE0 . 0 20 AVAILABLE0 . 0 21 AVAILABLE0 . 0 22 AVAILABLE0 . 0 2 3 AVAILABLE5 . 0 2 4 NORMAL OUTPUT FREQ.5 . 0 25 NORMAL OUTPUT START0 . 0 26 AVAILABLE0 . 0 2 7 AVAILABLE0 . 0 28 AVAILABLE0 . 0 29 AVAILABLE0 . 0 30 AVAILABLE0 . 0 31 AVAILABLE0 . 0 32 AVAILABLE0 . 0 3 3 AVAILABLE0 . 0 3 4 AVAILABLE0 . 0 35 AVAILABLE0 . 0 3 6 AVAILABLE0 . 0 3 7 AVAILABLE0 . G 38 AVAILABLE0 . G 39 AVAILABLE0 .0 4 0 AVAILABLE0 . 0 41 , AVAILABLE0 . 0 42 AVAILABLE0 . 0 43 AVAILABLE0 . 0 44 AVAILABLE0 . G 45 AVAILABLE0 . 0 4 6 AVAILABLE0 . 0 47 AVAILABLE ,0 . 0 48 AVAILABLE0 . 0 49 AVAILABLE0 . G 50 AVAILABLE5 1 . 51 AVAILABLE0 . 0 52 AVAILABLE53 . 53 AVAILABLE54 . 54 AVAILABLE

F-15

RFILE Listing, Page 2

55 . 55a . o 56a . o 57a . o 58a . o 59a . o 60a . o 61a . a 62a . a 63a . a 64a . o 65a .0 65a . o 6 78 . 0 68a . o 69a . o 7 0a . o 7 1a . a 7 2a . o 7 3a . a 7 4a . o 7 5a . a 7 6a . a 7 7a . o 7 8a . a 7 9a . a 80a . o 81a . a 82a . a 83a . a 84a . o 850 . 0 86a . o 87a . a 83a . a 89a . a 90o . a 91a . o 9 2a . o 93a . a . 94o . a 95a . a 96a . o 97a . o 98a . a 99a . a 100

AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVA ILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE AVAILABLE

AVAILABLE0 . 00 . 0

EXTRA LINE EXTRA LINE

AVAILABLEAVAILABLE

INODE Listing(Example Run #1, Appendix I)

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM NUMBER )DATA FILE !HUMBER i

13 14 1 1 0 11 2 18 1 1 1

13 14 17 1 1 118 17 3 0 0 03 5 4 1 0 05 6 7 0 0 07 3 8 1 1 19 11 10 1 1 14 1 1 12 0 0 0 REST OF ARRAY FILLED WITH ZEROS

'F-17

WEIBL Listing(For Example Run it 1, Appendix I)

2 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 . 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 02 . 0 2 . 0 2 . 0 2 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0

. 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0

3 2 . 0 3 2 . 0 3 2 . 0 3 2 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 o . o0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0. 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 O. O 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 00 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 . 0

NOTE: 6 = 20 - fixed average life 20 yrs.g = 2 - failure rate shape parametera = 32 - characteristic life years

For this example, failure rate is assumed constant for each component and given by

ft x~ e'1 - ( - ) = 4%a a

- F-18

APPENDIX GInput Cost Data Example #1

(For Simplified Track Maintenance Action Diagram #1)

- G-l/G-2

oThis appendix contains a listing of an example input data file of costs and path flows for the example run output listed in Appendix I. Also included here is an explanation of the file coding structure so the reader may generate a different file for simulation if desired.

An input data coding structure which is compatible with either a computer file or card entry technique has been adopted. Maintenance data in this scheme are coded onto a series of cards or file lines. Each card or file line contains a part of the data required for the cost simulation model.(See listing at end of appendix for a complete data listing of the cost and flow values for example number 1 track maintenance system simulation.)

Ultimately, every data entry to the cost model program is used by the computer to generate a dollar cost for performing every maintenance operation considered. Certain data conventions have been followed in order to place the costing.data in a computerized format. Figure &-1 is ah overall schematic of the data card entry format assumed. Each card or data entry is read in free field format. Thus, all spaces or commas are read as numeric delimiters separating the numbers entered.

The path number is the first number on each data line. Immediately following the "path number" each data line (card) has a single digit entry (0-9) in column five. This entry refers to the kind of data that follows it on that line. Data beyond column five can be path descriptive numbers, direct path costs and flows, or function shape parameters.

Figure G-l shows the position of the data entry codes. Codes 3 through 8 are still undefined, but numbers 0-2 and 9 have the following meanings:

0 - Refers to the fact that path information will be found in thenumeric data space following this entry.

1 - Indicates that the numeric data that follow on this line comprisea direct cost or flow input set of numbers.

2 - Is used to designate that the numeric data will be function

o

6-3

Schematic Diagram Path Number

Numeric Data Space for up to ten separate real numbersI

X X X _ X J (X*

/ Data Comments

DATA ENTRY CODE0 = Refers to overall path information in 'numeric data space'1 = 'Numeric Data' to be associated with cost or flow code shown2 = 'Numeric Data* are for functional formulas (shape factors9 etc.)

3-8 = Available9 = Indicates more data on next card (line) for this data entry code.

FIGURE G-l. LAYOUT OF DATA CARD OR LINE FILE ENTRY FORMAT

parameters. These shape parameters will be passed during program execution to user defined program equations for function evaluation.

3-8 - Available for definition.9 - Indicates the numbers for this line (card) exceed the space

provided on the card above it; therefore, read the next card and append.

As shown in Figure G-l each card contains a reference "path number" which is keyed to the maintenance action diagram of the example modeled track maintenance system. In addition, each data card contains a two digit data descriptor located in columns 7 and 8. A list of the data descriptors 30 through 49 are given in Figure G-2. Codes 30 to 49 are intended for the various cost inputs. This set of 20 data subcategories 30-49 can be expanded by user selection if more are needed. This data structure allows each path cost to be entered and/or examined visually. Comments placed after the slash (/) are useful in checking over the data entries and their meanings.

Conventions have been adopted for the data to be entered in the "numeric data space" of each data card. There is a separate entry convention for each data entry code 0 through 2. The following paragraphs discuss the various numbers required for each of these three entry codes.Entry Code 0 - Path Information

Requires a minimum of two numbers after it. Each number is to be separated by a.space or a comma. These are a component number and an FRA track class number.

Entry Code 1 - Cost or Flow InformationRequires between two and five numbers. If the data code descriptor is:20 - enter starting path component flow after it;21 - enter starting path component quality after it;30 through 49 - enter appropriate cost numbers.

'G-5

G-6

Data Descriptor UNITS OF MEASURE

( Code

Description of Data Under This Code

First Numeric Entry Beyond Data Descriptor Code

Second Numeric Entry Beyond Data Descriptor Code

Third Numeric Entry Beyond Data j Descriptor Code

PATH F

LOW

INFO

202122232425262728 29

Quantity of Component Quality of Component Amount of Bad Component Amount of Good Component

Number of Miles Per Year Bad Miles*Total Miles Number of Miles Per Year Number of Miles Per Year

/No Entry l 1 Required 1

-

1 No Entry l 1 Required 1

COST C

ATEGORIES

3031 Material Costs Items Per Mile Dollars Per Item Multiplying Factor32 Equipment Costs Hours Per Mile Dollars Per Hour Number of Machines33 Fines Fines Per Mile Dollars Per Incident Number of Incidents34 Delay Costs Hours Per Mile Dollars Per Hour Multiplying Factor35 Scrap Return Costs Items Per Mile Dollars Per Item Multiplying Factor36 Contracted Costs Contracts Per Mile Hollars Per Contract Number of Contracts37 Delivery Costs Hours Per Mile Dollars Per Hour Multiplying Factor38 Travel and Living Hours Per Mile Dollars Per Hour Multiplying Factor39 Not Used Not Used Not Used 140 : Trackmen Labor Hours Per Mile Dollars Pet Hour Number of Men41 ! Mechanic Labor Hours Per Mile Dollars Per Hour Number of Men42 Machine Operator Labor 1 Hours Per Mile Dollars Per Hour Number of Men43 Machine Operator Labor 2 Hours Per Mile Dollars Per Hour Number of Men44 Foremen Labor Hours Per Mile Dollars Per Hour Number of Men45 Supervisor Labor Hours Per Mile Dollars Per Hour Number of Men46474849

FIGURE G-2. ASSIGNED DATA DESCRIPTORS 20-49 AND THEIR UNITS OF MEASURE FOR CODING

'i>*

o

Entry Code 2 - Function DataRequires two data cards. The first card is. not used for computation and contains a set of designator codes for reminder commentary only. The second card with an entry code 2 will carry seven numbers beyond the entry code.These seven numbers will include one designator code, one user defined function number, and up to five shape parameters for that function being activated.

Entry Code 3-8 - Available for definition.

Entry Code 9 - Append this data card entry to the one above.

Descriptive Commentary for Cost Data File for Example Run #1

As explained in Section 6.0, this run was intended to portray a hypothetical small railroad for showing some aspects of the simulation technique and methodology. The railroad and its physical plant (pertinent to this procedure) are fully described in Figure 6-1 of the main body of the report. .The values displayed in that figure were contrived simply for this example run; however, the numeric magnitudes of the data selected could very well be found in railroads of this size.

Out of seven hundred miles of track a typical road of today might have the distribution shown between jointed and welded rails (750 to 250, respectively) Accident rates were chosen in a similar fashion based on a national annual average of about 2000 track incidents for the 200,000 miles of track in use, thus .01/mile. Since different accident rates can exist for each FRA track class or type of rail, separate values of .011, .02, .01 and zero accidents per mile of track were entered respectively.

Demonstration of how the track accident rate could vary with a state variable such as "quality" is implemented on only the jointed rail of FRA classes 1, 2, 3 (see Figures 6-1 and 6-2 of the report).

The following tabular commentary is intended to elucidate some of the numeric entries contained in the listing at the end of this appendix.

G-7

G-8

ANNOTATIONS TO LINE ENTRIES IN LISTING OF "COST DATA FILE FOR EXAMPLE RUN //l" CONTAINED AT END OF THIS APPENDIX

LineCountei

Top#i From

Entry Description or Explanation

1 Commentary line passed to run output2 014 Action Diagram path number ("in-use" path not actually numbered on Fig. 4-1)2 0 The following entries describe this path2 01 These entries are for jointed rail (Comp. 1)2 1 These entries are for track class 12 0 This path has no cost2 0 This path does not change the system population2 0 This path does not change the system quality See2 0 This path is not from a manufacturing source Fig.5-12 0 Path not in a repair block2 1 Skip this path on printout2 / to use Comments only3 014 Action Diagram Path number ("in-use" path not actually numbered on Fig. 4-1)3 1 Comment 1 on this3 20 Data descriptor code Fig. 3-1 "Quantity of Track" entered next3 0 Zero miles of track4 014 Action Diagram path number ("in-use" path not actually numbered on Fig. 4-1)4 1 Component 1 on this.4 21 Data descriptor code Fig. 3-1 "Quality of Track" to be entered next4 0.0 Quality = 05 012 Action Diagram path number (see Fig. 4-1)5 0 Following entries describe this path5 01 These entries are for jointed rail (Comp. 1) ■5 1 These entries are for track class 15 1 This path has no cost

t ji * , * . ■ * * ■'* <

4

Line #Counted From

Top Entry Description or Explanation6 012 Action Diagram path number (see Fig. 4-1)6 1 Next entry will be a data descriptor code6 21 Data descriptor code (Fig. 3-1) next entry will be starting "Quality of Track"

. 6 .0909 Quality of Track = .0909

7 013 Action Diagram path number (see Fig. 4-1)7 0 Following entries describe path7 01 Component #1 data7 1 Track class 18 013 Action Diagram path number (see Fig. 4-1) o8 1 Next entry will be data descriptor code8 20 Data descriptor code (Fig. 3-1) refers to track "quantity" on path8 700 700 miles of this track (jointed class 1)9 013 Action Diagram path number (see Fig. 3-1)9 1 Next entry data descriptor code9 21 Quality of track just entered9 .1 Quality = .1

• . rSimilar entries for other types of rail and

• • .

track classes modeled

19 005 Action Diagram path #5 data entries19 0 Following data describe path19 01 Component //I data (jointed rail)19 1 Track class 119 1 This path could have associated costs20 005 Path #20 1 Data descriptor next20 20 Code indicating rail quantity20 70 70 miles of this track sent to repair at start of simulation

G-10

Line //Cotinted From

Top Entry Description or Explanation %•21 005 Path # !21 2 This indicates activation data for using functions programmed21 20 Function applied to "quantity" of track on this path>1 50 Independent variable "time" used in function (see code 50, Fig. 3-1)22 005 Path //22 2 Following is function input data22 20 Function "modifies" rail quantity on this path22 7 Data to be entered for Equation #7, see Subroutine "FUNCTS 0

22 2.0 "A" parameter, See Appendix E22 39.0 "B" parameter, see Appendix E

■■ • ' More inputs for other paths

iO 004 Path //50 1 Data descriptor nextbo 34 Data descriptor (see Fig. 3-1) costs entered next will be "delay related"bo 1.0 Hours delay per mile of track on this path (see Fig. G-2)bo 25000 Dollars per hour train delay cost50 1.0 Multiplying factor

•:

More inputs for other paths

73 008 Path if73 0 Following data describe path73 02 Component if73 1 Track class ) See Fig. 5-173 1 This path has costs

4

$> - D *

Line #Counted From

Top Entry• ■ • L Description or Explanation

73 -1 This path reduces the system population I73 0 No73 0 Not a manufacturing path > See Fig. 5-173 1 Associate this path with "repair" block 1 J

•More inputs for other paths o

128 010 Path //128 1 Data Descriptor code next128 35 Code "35" relates cost data to be entered with scrap (see Fig. 3-1)128 1.0 Items per mile (see Fig. G-2)

. 128 -10000 Scrap (negative) dollars per item removed (see Fig. G-2)128 1.0 Multiplier on costs (see Fig. G-2)

• More entries

221 999 Last data input truncates read operation221 0 "ggg*>

014 014 014 012 012 013 013 013 013 013 013 013 013 013 013 013 013 005 005 005 005 005 005 005 005 Q05 005 0 05 005 005 005 002 002 002 002 002 002 002 002 002 002 002 002 003003004 004 004 004 004 004 GO 4 004

COST DATA FILE FOR EXAMPLE RUN #1

DATA FILE HUMBER 00Q10 01 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 o / TO USE1 20 0 / TO USE1 21 0.0 /1 TO USE0 01 1 1 / TO USE1 21 .0909 / TO USE0 01 1 / IN USE1 20 700 / IN USE1 21 .10 / IN USE0 02 1 / IN USE1 20 50 / IN USE1 21 .10 / IN USE0 01 2 / IN USE1 20 100 . / IN USE1 21 .10 / IN USE0 02 2 / IN USE1 20 150 / IN USE1 21 .10 / IN USE0 01 i i / TO REPAIR1 20 70 / TO REPAIR2 20 50 / TO REPAIR2 20 7 2.0 39.0 / TO REPAIR1 21 1.0 / TO REPAIR0 02 1 1 / TO REPAIR1 20 5 / TO REPAIR1 21 1.0 / TO REPAIR0 01 2 1 / TO REPAIR1 20 10 / TO REPAIR1 21 1.0 / TO REPAIR0 02 2 1 / TO REPAIR1 20 15 / TO 'REPAIR1 21 1.0 / TO REPAIR0 01 1 / RETURN TO USE1 20 630 / RETURN TO USE1 21 0.0 / RETURN TO USE0 02 1 / RETURN TO USE1 20 45 / RETURN TO USE1 21 0.0 / RETURN TO USE0 01 2 / RETURN TO USE1 2Q 90 / RETURN TO USE1 21 0.0 /■ RETURN TO USE0 02 2 / RETURN TO USE1 20 135 / RETURN TO USE1 21 0.0 / RETURN TO USE0 01 1 / PROPOSED MAINT1 20 tf PROPOSED HAINT0 01 1 1 / POSTPONED1 20 8 / POSTPONED1 21 1.0 / POSTPONED1 34 1.0 25000 1.0 / POSTPONED0 02 1 1 / POSTPONED11-

2021-

1-1— 0--- — ----------

/■---------------- /—

POSTPONED POSTPONE D

1 34 1.0 25000 1.0 POSTPONED

,G-12

004 0 01 2 1 7 POSTPONED004 1 20 1 7 POSTPONED004 1 21 1 . 0 7 POSTPONED004 1 34 1 . 0 25000 1 . 0 7 POSTPONED004 0 02 2 1 7 POSTPONED004 1 34 1 . 0 25000 1 . 0 7 POSTPONED006 0 01 1 1 1 0 1 1 7 HFG PATH0 06 1 20 70 7 HFG PATH006 1 31 1 . 0 18000 1 . 0 7 NFG PATH006 0 02 1 1 1 0 1 1 7 HFG PATH0 06 1 20 5 7 HFG PATH006 1 31 1 . 0 86000 i . O 7 HFG PATH006 0 01 2 1 1 0 1 1 7 HFG PATH006 1 20 10 7 HFG PATH006 1 31 1 . 0 45000 1 . 0 7 HFG PATH006 0 02 2 1 1 0 1 1 7 HFG PATH006 1 20 15 7 HFG PATH006 1 31 1 . 0 86000 1 . 0 7 HFG PATH008 0 01 1 1 - 1 0 0 1 7 TO RENEW008 1 20 56 / TO RENEW008 1 21 1 . 0 7 TO RENEW008 0 02 1 1 - 1 0 0 1 7 TO RENEW008 1 20 4 7 TO RENEW008 1 21 1 . 0 7 TO REHEW008 0 01 2 1 - 1 0 0 1 7 TO RENEW008 1 20 8 7 TO RENEW008 1 21 1 . 0 7 TO RENEW008 0 02 2 1 - 1 0 0 1 7 TO RENEW008 1 20 14 7 TO RENEW008 1 21 1 . 0 7 TO RENEW008 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 SEPARATE SCRAP009 1 20 .84 7 SEPARATE SCRAP009 1 21 . 1667 7 SEPARATE SCRAP009 0 02 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 SEPARATE SCRAP009 1 20 6 7 SEPARATE SCRAP0 09 1 21 . 1667 7 SEPARATE SCRAP009 0 01 2 1 0 0 0 1 7 SEPARATE SCRAP009 1 20 12 7 SEPARATE SCRAP009 1 21 . 1667 7. SEPARATE SCRAP009 0 02 2 1 0 0 0 1 7 SEPARATE SCRAP009 1 20 16 7 SEPARATE SCRAP009 1 21 . 1667 7 SEPARATE SCRAPo n 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 GOOD HTRL.O i l 1 20 70 7 GOOD HTRL.01 1 0 02 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 GOOD HTRL.01 1 1 20 5 7 GOOD MTRL.o n 0 01 2 1 0 0 0 1 7 GOOD HTRL.01 1 1 20 10 7 GOOD HTRL.o n 0 02 2 1 0 0 0 1 7 GOOD HTRL.o n 1 20 15 7 GOOD HTRL.00 1 0 01 1 1 7 TO INSPECT.001 1 20 700 7 TO INSPECT.00 1 2 20 50 // TO INSPECT.00 1 2 20 5 2 . 0 2 . 0 1 . 0 6 . 0 5 . 0 * 7 TO - INSPECT.

G-13

001 1 21 . 10 7 TO INSPECT001 1 43 20 . 0 15 . 0 1. 0 7 TO INSPECT001 0 02 1 1 7 TO INSPECT001 1 20 50 7 TO INSPECT001 1 21 . 10 /t TO INSPECT001 1 43 20 . 0 15. 0 1. 0 7 TO INSPECT001 0 01 2 1 7 TO INSPECT001 1 20 100 7 TO INSPECT001 1 21 . 10 7 TO INSPECT00 i 1 43 20 . 0 15. 0 1. 0 7 TO. INSPECT001 0 02 2 1 7 TO INSPECT001 1 20 150 7 TO INSPECT001 1 21 . 10 7 TO INSPECT001 1 43 20 . 0 15. 0 1. 0 7 TO INSPECT0 0? 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 20 140 7 SORT MTRL.0 0? 1 21 .5 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 30 1 . 0 1 . 0 1 . 0 7 SOJ?T MTRL.0 0? 1 31 1 . 0 11785 1. 0 7 SORT MTRL.0 0 ? 1 3 2 1 . 0 785 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 i 37 1 . 0 157 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.0 0 ? i 38 1 . 0 314 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.0 0 ? i 40 1 . 0 314 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 i 41 1 . 0 314 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 l 42 1 . 0 942 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 l 43 1 . 0 9 42 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.0 0 ? l 44 1 . 0 157 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 0 02 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 20 10 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 21 .5 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 30 1 . 0 1 .0 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 31 1 . 0 10500 1. 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 32 1 . 0 700 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.0 0? 1 3? 1 . 0 140 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 38 1 . 0 280 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 40 1 . 0 280 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.0 0? 1 41 1 . 0 280 1. 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 42 1 . 0 840 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 4 3 1 . 0 840 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.00 7 1 44 1 . 0 140 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 0 01 2 1 0 0 0 1 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 2 0 20 7 SORT MTRL .007 1 21 .5 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 30 1 . 0 1 .0 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL .007 1 31 1 . 0 20700 1. 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 32 1 . 0 1380 1 .0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 37 1 . 0 2 76 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 38 1 . 0 552 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL .007 1 40 1 . 0 552 1 . 0 / SORT MTRL .007 1 41 1 . 0 552 1 . 0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 43 1 . 0 1656 1 .0 7 SORT MTRL .007 1 43 1 . 0 1656 1 .0 7 SORT MTRL.007 1 44 1. 0 276 1 . 0 l( SORT MTRL007 0 02 2 1 0 0 0 1 i

f SORT MTRL .

6-14

007 1 20 30 / SORT MTRL.007 1 21 .5 / SORT MTRL.007 1 30 1 . 0 1 . 0 1 . 0 / SORT MTRL.007 1 31 1 . 0 155 0 1 .0 / SORT MTRL.007 1 32 1 . 0 103 1 . 0 / SORT MTRL.007 1 37 1 . 0 2 0 . 6 6 1 . 0 / SORT MTRL.007 1 38 1 . 0 4 1 . 3 3 1 . 0 / SORT MTRL.007 1 40 1 . 0 4 1 . 3 3 1 . 0 / SORT MTRL.007 1 41 1 . 0 4 1 . 3 3 1 . 0 / SORT MTRL.007 1 42 1 . 0 124 1 . 0 / SORT MTRL.007 1 43 1 . 0 124 1. 0 / SORT MTRL.007 1 44 1 . 0 2 0 . 6 6 1 . 0 / SORT MTRL.010 0 01 1 1 - 1 0 0 1 / TO SCRAP010 1 20 14 / TO SCRAP010 1 21 1 . 0 / TO SCRAP010 1 35. 1 . 0 - 1 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 / TO SCRAP010 0 02 1 1 - 1 0 0 1 / TO SCRAP010 1 20 1 / TO SCRAP010 i 21 1 . 0 / TO SCRAP010 i 35 1 . 0 - 1 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 / TO SCRAP010 0 01 2 1 - 1 0 0 1 / TO SCRAP010 i 20 2 / TO SCRAP010 l 21 1 . 0 / TO SCRAP010 l 35 1 . 0 - 1 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 / TO SCRAP010 0 02 2 1 - 1 0 . 0 1 / TO SCRAP010 i 20 1 TO SCRAP010 i 21 1 . 0 / TO SCRAP010 i 35 1 . 0 - 1 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 / TO SCRAP015 0 01 1 / RETURN015 l 20 / RETURN017 0 01 1 1 / ACCIDENT PATH017 1 20 8 / ACCIDENT PATH017 2 20 50 / ACCIDENT PATH017 2 20 6 0 . 29 0 . 1 0 . 7 1 / ACCIDENT PATH017 1 21 1 . 0 / ACCIDENT PATH017 1 38 1 . 0 3000 1 . 0 / ACCIDENT PATH017 0 02 1 1 7 ACCIDENT PATH017 1 20 1 / ACCIDENT PATH017 1 21 1 . 0 / ACCIDENT PATH017 1 36 1 . 0 3000 1. 0 / ACCIDENT PATH017 0 0 1 2 1 . / ACCIDENT PATH.017 1 20 1 7 ACCIDENT PATH017 1 21 1 . 0 / ACCIDENT PATH017 1 36 1 . 0 3000 1 . 0 / ACC: IDENT PATH017 0 02 2 1 / ACCIDENT PATH017 1 36 1 . 0 300 0 1 0 / ACCIDENT PATHOl d 0 01 1 / TO REPAIR EVAL.018 1 20 70 / TO REPAIR EVAL-018 1 21 1 . 0 / TO REPAIR EVAIL018 0 02 1 TO REPAIR EVAL.018 1 20 5 / TO REPAIR EVAL.018 1 21 1 . 0 / TO REPAIR EVAIL018 0 01 2 i

{ TO REPAIR EVAL.018 1 20 10 {) TO REPAIR EVAL.

G-15

018 1 21 1.0 018 0 02 2 018 1 20 IS 018 1 21 1.0 999 0

/ TO REPAIR EVA XL / TO REPAIR EVAL. / TO REPAIR EVAL. / TO REPAIR EVAIL / END OF DATA

Q

APPENDIX H

Input Data Example #2(For Comprehensive Track Maintenance Action - Diagram #2)

IFILE INODE COST DATA

This Appendix contains file listings

For Control Indices of Example Run #2

- Maintenance Action Diagram Path Numbering Linkages- Path Starting Cost and Flow Data

• H-l/H-2

IFILEPROGRAM R E V I S I O N NUMBER :

FOR RUN EXAMPLE #2 S H A K E R R E S E A R C H C ORP .

i 1 I S T H D F I R S T NODE OF S C H E M A T I C T O B E G I N C O M P U T A T I O N S2 0 1 2 L S T N D L A S T N OD E OF S C H E M A T I C TO S T O P

1 3 I S T P H F I R S T P AT H Si P A T H D A T A F I L E HUMBER ON D I S K5 7 3 4 L S T P H L A S T P A T H S. P A T H D A T A F I L E NUMBER ON D I S K

1 5 I S T C P F I R S T COMPONENT NUMBER U S E D I N C O M P U T A T I O N S3 6 L S T C P L A S T C OMP ONENT NUMBER U S E D I N C O M P U T A T I O N S1 7 I S T C L F I R S T T R A C K C L A S S TO U S E I N ' C O M P U T A T I ONSi 8 L S T C L L A S T T R A C K C L A S S T O U S E I N C O M P U T A T I O N S6 9 I S T C T COLUMN C O N T A I N I N G F I R S T C O S T M I N U S ONE

18 10 L S T C T T O T A L C O S T COLUMN B L O C K S I Z E M I N U S ONE15 11 11DM D I M E N S I O N OF I P A T H ARRAV

1 5 0 12 I R O N D I M E N S I O N , OF RP AT H A R R A Y Si. 13 N R S F P S C H E M A T I C D I A G R A M I N U S E R E F E R E N C E P A T H HUMBE6 14 L S T F L T O T A L FLOW COLUMN. B L O C K S I Z E - E Q U I V A L E N T TO1 15 I O U T P A T H D AT A W R I T E TO D I S K C O N T R O L I N D I C A T O R

25 18 I BOM HUMBER OF FLOW P L U S C O S T C OL U MN S ( B L O C K S I Z E )50 17 H C O S T S MAXI MUM NUMBER OF D A T A C ODES49 18 L C T C D N U M E R I C V A L U E OF L A S T U S E R D E F I N E D C O S T CODE

5 19 N P A S S S T A T E BLOCK R E F E R E N C E ROW I N NORMAL0 20 A V A I L B L E

10 21 I UN I T F O R T R A N U N I T D E V I C E NUMBER FOR O U T P U T P R I N T I N l11 2 2 I R U N I T A V A I L B L E

1 2 3 I T U N I T A V A I L B L E5 24. L N T H S T NUMBER OF COLUMNS I N T H E S T A T E ARRAY1 . 25 I PR N T I N D I C A T O R FOR NEED OF P A T H F L O W / C O S T P R I N T O U T0 28 A V A I L A B L E0 27 I S P R T I N D I C A T O R FOR NEED OF C O S T / S T A T E P R I N T O U T0 2 8 I F MT S I N D I C A T E S C O S T / S T A T E P R I N T O P T I O N S1 29 H D O U T I N D I C A T E S NEED FOR F I N A L C O S T / S T A T E P R I N T O U T1 30 I FMT I N D I C A T E S F I N A L P R I N T O P T I O N S1 31 N 1 S T A T E P O P U L A T I O N R E F E R E N C E ROW3 32 N2 S T A T E Q U A L I T Y R E F E R E N C E ROW

17 33 N 1 S T A T E P O P U L A T I O N U P D A T E ROW19 3 4 N2 S T A T E Q U A L I T Y U P D A T E ROW

1 35 I C O S T I N D I C A T O R FOR NEED OF C O S T C O M P U T A T I O N S0 36 A V A I L A B L E0 3 7 A V A I L A B L E

20 38 N 8 L 0 C K NUMBER OF R E P A I R B L O C K S I N S Y S T E M0 39 A V A I L A B L E

49 40 I D C O D E L A S T C O S T CODE - E Q U I V A L E N T TO L C T C D1 41 RAW D A T A P R O C E S S I N G I N D I C A T O R1 42 MODEL RUN I N D I C A T O R0 43 A V A I L A B L E0 44 A V A I L A B L E0 45 A V A I L A B L E0 46 A V A I L A B L E0 47 . A V A I L A B L E0 48 A V A I L A B L E0 4 9 A V A I L A B L Eo 50 A V A I L A B L E0 51 A V A I L A B L E

0 100 AVAILABLE

H-3

INODE FILE

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM NUMBER s 000DATA FILE NUMBER :i a 10 1 0 11 2 12 1 0 ii 2 14 1 0 il 2 16 i 0 1i 2 13 1 0 11 2 20 i 0 1i 2 22 1 0 1l o 24 i 0 1l 2 26 i 0 1l 0 28 l 0 11 2 30 l 0 110 50 11 i 1 112 48 13 l 1 130 32 31 l i 116 44 17 l l l18 42 19 1 I 120 40 21 i 1 122 3 3 23 i 1 124 3 6 25 1 1 126 34 27 l 1 1. 23 33 29 i 1 127 29 35 0 0 025 35 37 0 0 023 37 39 0 0 0•-* 4<£. 1 39 41 . 0 0 01 9 41 43 0 0 01 7 4 3 45 0 0 014 45 46 0 0 046 15 52 1 1 01 1 13 47 0 . 0 047 15 49 0 0 049 6 1 300 1 1 06 i 6 2 i 21 1 0 1121 1 7 i 15 i 1 0 0501 171 2 61 0 0 0261 37 1 401 1 1 13 71 46 1 431 1 i ' 162 63 122 1 0 ii 22 172 152 1 0 0172 202 262 0 0 0£62 372 402 1 i 1£72 462 4 32 1 2

i V> V 46 1 512 nI J 0 06 3 64 123 4& 0 i

1 •"> "7i. c . -j 173 153 i i j 02 6 3 17 3 !U- 6 o 0 ■J

•cL ' i -J 37 3 4 03 1 i4

" " 7 463 4 33 . 1 < ■l

** b 3 51 2 5 13 o 0 ■ 0<5 i 0 2

1 24 17 4 154 . .1 0 o

204 174 2 64 0 5

,H-4

264 374 404 1 1 1374 464 434 1 1 1464 513 514 0 0 065 66 125 1 0 1125 175 155 1 0 0205 175 265 0 0 02 65 375 405 1 0 0375 465 435 1 0 1465 514 515 0 0 066 67 126 1 0 1126 176 156 1 0 0206 176 266 0 0 0266 376 406 1 0 0376 466 436 1 0 1466 515 516 0 0 067 63 127 1 0 1127 177 157 i 0 0207 177 277 0 0 02 7 7 377 407 i 0 0377 477 437 1 0 1477 516 517 0 0 063 6 9 128 1 0 1123 173 158 1 0 0208 178 278 0 0 0278 378 408 1 0 03 78 478 438 1 1 1473 517 518 0 0 06 9 70 129 1 0 1129 179 1 59 1 0 0209 179 279 0 0 0279 -373 409 1 0 0379 479 439 1 1 1479 518 519 0 0 07 0 71 130 1 0 1130 18 0 1 60 1 0 02 1 0 ISO 2 80 0 0 0230 380 4 10 1 0 0330 48 0 4 40 1 1 14Q n 519 5 20 0 0 07 1 l £ 131 1 0 1i 31 13 1 16L 4

1 0 0•- i \ 18 1 2 8 1 0 0 0.23 1 38 1 4 1 1 1X fl 0•v 8 1 48 1 441 i I 1

320 521 0 0 ill7 v 0. O 1 n i? 2 3 i 1 32 0 0 0’■ 04 O i & 2 0 0'■ ■! -7 'i H 2 •-» q 0 0 f (2 8 5 38 2 4 12 , 41 0 048 2 4 42 i 1X 14 y 2 52 1 5 2 0 01 0 6-i-i r 4 1 3 3 0*; 7 T 2 0 \'j 1 83 1 0 0

H-5

2 1 3 183 283 0 0 0283 38 3 413 1 0 0333 48 3 443 1 i i483 52 2 523 0 0 074 75 134 1 0 1134 184 1 64 1 0 0214 184 284 0 0 0284 384 4 14 4L 0 038 4 484 444 1 1 1434 52 3 524 0 0 075 7 8 135 1 0 1135 185 165 1 0 0215. ,18 5 235 0 0 0285 38 5 415 1 0 n385 485 445 1 1 i435 524 525 0 0 07 8 77 1 36 1 0 11 3 6 188 1 66 1 n 02 18 136 2 86 0 0 0288 38 6 4 1 8 1 n 06 y 8 48 6 446 1 1 14 9 8 525 526 0 0 07 7 7 3 137 1 0 1137 187 167 •1L 0 02 17 187 237 0 0 028 7 38 7 417 1 n 0r"\ *rW O { 48 7 447 1 l 14 8 7 526 5 27' 0 0 0t' d 7 9 1 38 1 0 i13 8 183 168 41 0 0c. i G> 183 2 38 0 0 02 3 3 38 3 418 1 0 03 3 3 48 8 4 48 1 143 3 527 528 0 0 . n7 9 80 1 39 1 0 11 3 3 139 163 4X 0 05 * 9 18 9 2 39 0 0 02 3 3 38 9 4 19 1 0 03 89 489 4 49 1 1 1d.89 523 5 29 0 0 0SO 8 1 1 40 1 0 1140 19 0 1 70 1 0 022 0 190 2 90 0 0 029 0 39 0 4 20 1 0 03 9 0 49 0 450 1 ( '14 9 0 52 9 5 30 0 0 0170 16 9 258 0 0 0253 163 257 0 0 0IS? 2 36 0 0 0258 1 6 6 255 n 0 n2 5 5 185 2,54 6 0 0254 164 253 0 0 0253 163 252 0 0 0252 16 2 251 0 0 0

H-6

H-7

fl, <*

OJ OJ 0 I C> J *'.• J *. *■ J OJ O J (■ J OJOJ -t* O -O -O -O 45- -O 4V -O -O -O 4 > - -O -|i. -Jx -P - -O -O I’1PCiIO fO fO IO IO M M IO0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o * -* * -* ! -1 4 i4 i.-(a 4 i4 !..* x .t> .ti.-o u ic/i

o o o o c i o o o o o o o o o j o o j ro o 01 - 4 cn o j o >-* ro o j 41. in co -o co *£i o ro 0.1 .0. cn cr* -sr 00 so ►* ro c>j .0 tri ~4 co so o *-*

CJ1 OJ 04 OJOJ 0404 OJ O l d fO OJ OJ O j Oj OI OJ OJ 04 OJ OJ OJ OJ O I OI 04 C>4 04 OJ 4 * i-» »-* •-» ►-» *-* •-» *-» «-» *-»t»j O ' •-* *-»•-* o o o c i © -o ►-*»-* fA » - ( i j rvj ro ro ro 10 ro to ro ro or 04 o r o j 10 u t cn cji a i cn u i tu c a cn <r> cr>

O O 0 0 0 O C ' O O O O C i O O ro •— 04 ►- -O- 00 O ' 4x (O O CT» -4 0 0 •£> O *— tO 04 .jx til tjr-1-4 00 CO O i— IO 04 O *-* IO O I 4fx U I <jr> *0 00 o o »-*

OJ O l 04 O j OJ OJ 04 04 04 04 04 OJ 04 O J 04 OJ 04 OI OJ 04 04 OJ 04 04 OJ 0 J 0404 OJ 0J IO IO fO rO tO IO IO JO fO IO IO 4X OJ ►-* * -* !-■ t-* O O O O O «-• t-» ►-*.».» to IO to to ro IO fO to to ro OJ O i 64 OJ -|i. -O .Jx 4x 4x 4X 4x 4x -ft- -|x Cfl

o o o o a o o o o o o o o o o j cn -o r j o vo -o u i o j ►-* tn c> -o to xo o 10 o j -»>. 01 o -si oo co o k * i\j o j o ►— ro o j o i <Ti " j oo <40 0

l .i O O >C O u u u u u u u u u h ^ O ' - ' ^ ^ ' - ' O O O u O O O O u O u O O O u O O O O O O O O D O C ' O O O O O

O Cl Cj Cl O Cl O O O O O O O o o o >— o I— ►-* o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O * * I-* O IT* *-* ^ * * O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o o o o o

COST DATA

DATA F I L E 0 0 0 2171 0 01 1 1 0i 0 0 1 7 1 NEW SAIL171 1 20 2800 7 l NEW SAIL171 1 21 1 . 0 7 l NEW SAIL201 0 01 1 1 i 0 i 1 7 1 HFGS NEW SAIL201 1 20 2000 7 l NEW SAIL2Q1 1 31 4 7 3 7 2 0 . 1 2 3 1 7 1 SAIL NATESIAL S F . 3201 1 37 1 7 . 9 1 2 . 5 7 7 i SAIL DELIVERY S F . 4261 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 1 PATH INFO NEW SAIL261 1 20 4000 7 1 NEW SAIL261 1 21 0 . 5 7 1 NEW SAIL261 1 37 1 . 0 7 0 . 7 1 l 7 1 EQUIP DELIVERY RF.4261 1 38 4 . 1 1 7 . 3 5 . 7 7 1 ■ H L S F . 4261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 i 7 1 CRIB AND BSOON S F .1261 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 1 CSIB AND 8SOOH S F . 4261 1 43 1 0 . 9 1 5 . 0 0 6 7 1 PULL SPIKES261 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 . 6 7 6 7 1 PULL SPIKES S F . 4261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 2 7 1 GAUOi THREADER261 1 32 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 1 2 7 1 GAUGE THREADER S F . 4261 1 40 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 1 7 I LIFT ANG 6 PUTS RF. i261 1 40 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 1 7 1 PLUG Si CREOSOTE261 1 31 24264 . 0 2 1 4 1 7 1 PLUG 6 CREOS 87TIE 1261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 4 7 1 CRIBBING MACH261 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 6 7 1 7 1 CSX BING HACK261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 2 7 1 ADZES FACE TIES261 l 32 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 1 ADZER FACE TIES261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 2 7 1 TIE PLATE LINES261 1 31 6066 4. 52 1 7 1 TIE PLATE LINER RF.:261 l 32 1 0 . 9 1 3 . 7 2 1 7 1 TIE PLATE LINER261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 1 7 1 PLACE HEW RAIL261 1 32 1 0 . 9 9. 31 2 - 7 1 PLACE NEW RAIL261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 1 7 1 HEAT RAIL261 1 32 1 0 . 9 7 . 2 3 1 7 1 HEAT RAIL S F . 4261 1 31 1 0 . 9 .20 1 7 1 HEAT RAIL261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 6 7 1 LINES SPIKER261 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 1 LINES SPIKES261 1 31 27297 . 2 5 1 7 1 LINER SPIKER 897TIE261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 1 7 1 TAMPER261 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 3 . 7 2 1 7 1 TAMPER RF.4261 1 43 1 0 . 9 1 5 . 0 0 4 7 1 ANCHOR MACH261 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 3 . 7 2 4 7 1 ANCHOR MACH RF.4261 1 31 1625 3 . 0 1 7 1 ANCHOR MACH RF.5261 1 40 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 1, 7 1 GREASE MACH261 1 32 1 0 . 9 5 . 0 1 7 1 GREASE MACH261 1 41 1 0 . 9 1 0 . 0 0 .1 7 1 RAIL QUENCH261 1 32 1 0 . 9 7 . 2 5 1 7 1 RAIL QUENCH2 61 .1 41 1 0 . 9 1 0 . 00 4 7 1 POWER DRILL RF. 4261 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 1 POWER DRILL261 1 43 1 0 . 9 1 5 . 0 0 2 7 1 WELD MACHINE261 1 32 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 2 1 7 1 WELD MACHINE RF.4261 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 2 7 1 HEAVY CRIB261 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 2 7 2 7 1 HEAVY CRIB RF.4261 1 -3 i 206 0 1—1---- V 1 0 1HR TRK nrtlu Rh . ^261 1 45 1 0 . 9 2 0 . 0 0 2 7 1 SUPERVISORS RF.7

H-8

261 1 45 1 0 . 9 2 0 . 0 0 1 7 1 ASST SUPER RF.7261 1 44 1 0 . 9 1 7 . 5 0 1 7 1 FORMAN RF.7261 1 44 1 0 . 9 1 7 . 5 0 2 7 1 ASST FORMAN RF.7261 1 43 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 7 7 1 LABORS RF.7401 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 1 PATH INFO401 1 20 1800 7 1 TO RENEU RF.4401 1 21 1 . 0 7 1 TO REHEN RF.4401 1 37 1 7 . 9 1 2 . 5 7 7 1 TO RENEU R F . 1371 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 1 TO SCR&P I MSP371 1 20 22 0 0 7 1 TO SCRAP INSP371 1 21 0 . 0 9 0 9 1 7 1 TO SCRAP INSP431 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 1 7 1 PATH INFO431 1 20 200 7 1 TO SCRAP RF.4431 1 37 . 8 9 5 1 2 . 5 - 7 7 1 TO SCRAP172 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 2 7 2 NEU RAIL172 1 20 1000 7 2 NEU RAIL172 1 21 1 . 0 7 2 NEU RAIL2 02 0 01 1 1 1 0 1 2 7 2 HEU RAIL202 1 20 1000 7 2 NEU RAIL2 0 2 1 37 1 7 . 9 1 2 . 5 7 7 2 RAIL DELIVERY RF. i202 1 31 4 7 8 7 2 0 . 1 2 5 1 7 2 MFCS RAIL RF.32 6 2 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 2 NEU RAIL262 1 20 2000 7 2 NEU RAIL262 1 21 0 . 5 7 2 NEU RAIL2 6 2 1 37 1 . 0 7 0 . 7 1 1 7 2 EQUIPMENT DELIVERY RF.4262 1 38 4 . 1 1 7 . 5 5 . 7 7 2 T & L RF.4262 1 43 1 0 . 9 1 5 . 0 0 6 7 2 PULL SPIKES2 6 2 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 . 6 7 6 7 2 PULL SPIKES RF.42 62 1 40 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 1 7 2 REMOVE ANCHORS262 1 42 10.. 9 1 2 . 5 0 2 7 2 LIFT OUT OLD RAIL2 62 1 32 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 1 2 7 2 LIFT OUT OLD RAIL RF.4262 1 40 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 1 7 2 LIFT TIE PLATES262 1 40 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 1 7 2 DRIVE IN BROKEN SPIKES262 1 40 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 1 7 2 INSERT UOOOEN PLUGS262 1 31 24264 . 0 2 1 4 1 7 2 INSERT UOODEN PLUGS RF.4262 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 2 7 2 FACE OFF TIE262 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 2 FACE OFF TIE2 62 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 l 7 2 BROOM OFF TIES RF. I262 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 2 BROOM OFF TIES RF.42 62 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 4 7 2 NEU SPIKES7 ANCHORS7PLATES262 l 31 27297 . 2 5 1 7 2 NEU SPIKES7ANCHQR3 7PLATE52 62 1 31 1625 3 . 0 1 7 2 NEU ANCHORS RF.5262 1 31 3033 4 . 5 2 1 7 2 NEU PLATES RF.4262 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 6 7 2 BEGIN RAIL SET IN262 1 32 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 1 2 7 2 BEGIN RAIL SET IN262 1 40 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 4 7 2 CONTINUE SET-IN262 1 32 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 1 1 7 2 CONTINUE SET-IN262 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 2 7 2 GAUGE LINER262 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 2 GAUGE LINER262 1 43 1 0 . 9 1 5 . 0 0 4 7 2 ANCHOR RAILS262 1 32 1 0 . 9 1 3 . 7 2 4 7 2 ANCHOR RAILS RF.4262 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 6 7 2 END MATCHING PROCESS262 1 32 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 1 2 7 2 END MATCHING PROCESS262 1 42 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 4 7 2 FOLLOU UP SPIKING

H-9

2 6 2 1 3 2 1 0 . 9 1 . 6 7 4 / 2 FOLLOW UP SPIKING2 6 2 1 4 3 1 0 . 9 1 5 . 0 0 2 / 2 THERMITE WELD2 6 2 1 3 2 1 0 . 9 9 . 8 2 1 / 2 THERMITE WELD2 6 2 1 31 2 0 6 0 1 1 / 2 OTHR TRK HATL R F . 42 6 2 1 4 5 1 0 . 9 2 0 . 0 0 2 / 2 SUPERVISORS R F . 72 6 2 1 4 5 1 0 . 9 2 0 . 0 0 1 / 2 ASST SUPER R F . 72 6 2 1 4 4 1 0 . 9 1 7 . 5 0 1 / 2 FORMAN R F . 72 6 2 1 4 4 1 0 . 9 1 7 . 5 0 2 / 2 ASST FORMAN R F . 72 6 2 1 4 3 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 10 / 2 LABORS R F . 74 0 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 / 2 PATH INFO4 0 2 1 2 0 9 0 0 / 2 TO RENEW R F . 44 0 2 1 21 1 . 0 / 2 TO RENEW R F . 44 0 2 1 3 7 1 7 . 9 1 2 . 5 7 i 2 TO RENEW R F . l3 7 2 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 2 / 2 TO SCRAP3 7 2 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 / 2 TO SCRAP3 7 2 i 2 1 0 . 0 9 0 9 / 2 TO SCRAP4 3 2 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 2 / 2 PATH INFO4 3 2 1 2 0 1 0 0 / 2 TO SCRAP R F . 44 3 2 1 21 1 . 0 / 2 SORAP4 3 2 1 3 7 . 8 9 5 1 2 . 5 =7 / 2 TO SCRAP1 7 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 3 / 3 PATH INFO1 7 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / 3 DELAYS1 7 3 i 21 1 . 0 / 3 DELAYS2 0 3 0 01 1 1 1 0 1 3 / 3 PATH INFO2 0 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / 3 RAIL TO SITE2 0 3 1 3 7 1 7 . 9 1 2 . 5 7 / 3 RAIL TO SITE2 0 3 1 3 1 4 7 8 7 2 0 . 1 2 5 1 i 3 RAIL TO SITE R F . 32 6 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 3 / 3 PATH IHFO2 6 3 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 / 3 TRAVEL TO SI TE2 6 3 1 2 1 0 . 5 / 3 TRAVEL TO SI TE2 6 3 1 3 7 1 . 0 7 0 . 7 1 1 / 3 TRAVEL TO S I T E R F . 42 6 3 1 3 8 4 . 1 1 7 . 5 5 . 7 / 3 TRAVEL TO SI TE R F . 42 6 3 1 4 3 1 0 . 9 1 5 . 0 0 6 / 3 PULL SPIKES/ANCHOR R F . l2 6 3 1 3 2 1 0 . 9 1 . 6 7 6 / 3 PULL SPIKES/ANCHOR R F . 42 6 3 1 4 2 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 2 / 3 LIFT OUT OLD RAIL2 6 3 1 3 2 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 1 2 / 3 LIFT OUT OLD RAIL R F . 42 6 3 1 4 2 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 4 / 3 LAYOUT SPIKES/ANCHORS2 6 3 1 4 2 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 6 / 3 SET RAIL2 6 3 1 3 2 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 1 2 / 3 SET RAIL R F . 42 6 3 1 4 0 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 4 / 3 CONTINUE S E T - I N2 6 3 1 3 2 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 1 2 / 3 CONTINUE S E T - I N2 6 3 1 4 2 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 6 / 3 SPIKE DOWN RAIL2 6 3 1 3 2 1 0 . 9 1 6 . 2 7 1 / 3 SPIKE DOWN RAIL2 6 3 1 31 2 7 2 9 7 . 2 5 l / 3 SPIKE DOWN RAIL R F .62 6 3 1 4 3 1 0 . 9 1 5 . 0 0 4 / 3 ANCHOR RAIL2 6 3 1 4 3 1 0 . 9 1 3 . 7 2 4 / 3 ANCHOR RAIL R F . 42 6 3 1 31 1 6 2 5 3 . 0 1 / 1 ANCHOR RAIL R F . 52 6 3 1 4 2 1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 2 / 3 MATCH EHD PROCESS2 6 3 1 3 2 1 0 . 9 9 . 3 1 2 / 3 NATCH END PROCESS2 6 3 1 4 3 1 0 . 9 1 5 . 0 0 2 / 3 THERMITE WELD1 79 i n 4 4 0 0 1 j 7 THE RMI TFUELD----------------------2 6 3 1 4 2

--* W »--& ---- & A1 0 . 9 1 2 . 5 0 4 / 3 FOLLOW UP SPIKING

2 6 3 1 3 2 1 0 . 9 1 . 6 7 4 / 3 FOLLOW UP SPIKING2 6 3 1 31 2 0 6 0 1 1 V 3 OTHR TRK MATL

H-10

2 6 3 1 4 5 1 0 . 9 2 0 . 0 0 2 7 3 SUPERVISORS2 6 3 1 4 5 1 0 . 9 2 0 . 0 0 1 7 3 ASST SUPER2 6 3 1 4 4 1 0 . 9 1 7 . 5 0 1 7 3 FORHAN2 6 3 1 4 4 1 0 . 9 1 7 . 5 0 2 7 3 ASST FORHAN2 6 3 1 4 3 1 0 . 9 7 . 5 0 9 7 3 LABORS4 0 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 3 7 3 PATH IHFO4 0 3 1 2 0 9 0 0 7 3 RENEW R F . 44 0 3 1 3 7 1 7 . 9 1 2 . 5 7 7 3 RENEW3 7 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 3 7 3 TO SCRAP PATH3 7 3 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 7 3 TO SCRAP PATH3 7 3 1 21 0 . 0 9 0 9 7 3 TO SCRAP PATH4 3 3 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 3 7 3 PATH SCRAP Q4 3 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 . 0 7 3 SCRAP R F . 44 3 3 1 3 7 . 8 9 5 1 2 . 5 0 " 7 / 3 SCRAP1 7 4 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 4 7 4 JOINTED RAIL1 7 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 4 JOINTED NILES2 0 4 0 01 1 1 1 0 1 4 7 4 JOINTED RAIL2 0 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 4 RAIL TO SITE2 0 4 1 3 7 1 7 . 9 1 2 . 5 7 7 4 RAIL TO SITE R F . 12 0 4 1 3 1 4 7 8 7 2 0 . 1 2 5 i 7 4 RAIL TO SITE R F . 32 6 4 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 4 7 4 JOINTERD RAIL2 6 4 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 4 REDISTRIBUTE2 6 4 1 21 0 . 5 7 4 REDISTRIBUTE2 6 4 1 4 0 1 3 5 7 . 5 0 10 7 4 PULL ONE SECTION R F . 62 6 4 1 3 2 1 3 5 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 4 PULL ONE SECTION2 6 4 1 4 2 1 3 5 1 2 . 5 0 10 7 4 INSERT NEW RAIL2 6 4 1 3 2 1 3 5 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 4 INSERT NEW RAIL2 6 4 1 31 9 2 6 0 . 2 5 1 7 4 SPI KES R F . 62 6 4 1 31 4 0 0 3 . 0 0 1 7 4 ANCHOR2 6 4 1 31 5 4 1 1 7 . 0 0 l 7 4 BARS2 6 4 1 31 3 0 3 3 4 . 5 2 1 7 4 PLATES2 6 4 1 41 45 1 0 . 0 0 1 7 4 REPLACE SIGNAL R F . 62 6 4 1 31 3 6 0 0 1 1 7 4' OTHER TRACK HATL2 6 4 1 4 4 1 3 5 1 7 . 5 0 1 7 4 FORHAN R F . 64 0 4 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 4 7 4 TO RENEW4 0 4 1 2 0 9 0 0 7 4 TO RENEW R F . 44 0 4 1 21 1 . 0 7 4 TO RENEW R F . 44 0 4 1 3 7 1 7 . 9 1 2 . 5 7 7 4 TO RENEW R F . 13 7 4 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 4 7 4 TO SCRAP PATH3 7 4 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 7 4 TO SCRAP PATH3 7 4 1 21 0 . 0 9 0 9 1 7 4 TO SCRAP PATH4 3 4 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 4 7 4 TO SCRAP4 3 4 1 20 1 0 0 7 4 TO SCRAPRF . 44 3 4 1 3 7 4 . 4 8 1 2 . 5 0 - 7 7 4 TO SCRAP1 7 5 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 5 7 5 TRANSPOSE RAIL1 7 5 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 5 TRANSPOSE RAIL1 7 5 1 21 1 . 0 7 5 TRANSPOSE RAIL2 0 5 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 5 7 5 HFG NEW RAIL2 0 5 1 2 0 0 7 5 HFG SOURCE2 6 5 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 5 7 5 TRANSPOSE RAIL2 6 5 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 5 TRAVEL TO SITE2 6 5 1 4 0 1 3 5 7 . 5 0 5 7 5 LIFT OUT RAIL R F . 62 6 5 1 3 2 1 3 5 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 5 LIFT OUT RAIL2 6 5 1 4 2 1 3 5 1 2 . 5 0 5 7 5 RESET RAIL SECTIONS

H-ll

2 6 5 1 31 9 2 6 0 . 2 5 1 / 5 RESET RAIL SECTIONS4 0 5 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 5 / 5 PATH INFO4 0 5 1 2 0 0 / 5 TO RENEW3 7 5 0 01 1 1 0 1 0 5 / 5 PATH INFO3 7 5 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / 5 TO SCRAP PATH3 7 5 1 21 1 . 0 i 5 TO SCRAP PATH4 3 5 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 5 5 PATH INFO4 3 5 1 2 0 0 f 5 TO SCRAP1 7 # 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 6 i 6 TRANSPOSE RAIL1 7 # 1 2 0 1000 , / 6 TRANSPOSE RAIL1 7 # 1 21 1 . 0 / 6 TRANSPOSE RAIL2 0 # 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 6 / # TRANSPOSE RAIL2 0 # 1 2 0 0 / 6 NFC SOURCE2 6 # 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 6 / 6 TRANSPOSE RAIL2 6 # 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / # TRAVEL TO SI TE2 6 # 1 4 0 1 3 5 7 . 5 0 !5 / 6 LI FT OUT ONE SIDE RF2 6 # 1 3 2 1 3 5 1 6 . 2 7 1 V 6 LI FT OUT ONE SIDE2 6 6 1 4 2 1 3 5 1 2 . SO 5 / 6 INSERT DURHV2 6 6 1 4 0 1 3 5 7 . 5 0 !5 / 6 PULL SECOND SIDE2 6 # 1 3 2 1 3 5 1 6 . 2 7 1 / 6 PULL SECOND SIDE2 6 6 1 4 2 1 3 5 1 2 . SO 5 / 6 INSERT 1ST SECTION2 6 # 1 4 0 1 3 5 7 . 5 0 !5 / 6 PULL DUHHY2 6 # 1 3 2 1 3 5 1 6 . 2 7 1 / 6 PULL DUNN?2 6 6 1 4 2 1 3 5 1 2 . SO 5 / 6 RESET SECOND2 6 # 1 31 9 2 6 0 . 2 5 1 / 6 SPIKE 6 ANCHOR R F . i4 0 6 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 6 / 6 PATH INFO4 0 6 1 2 0 0 / 6 TO RENEW3 7 6 0 01 1 1 0 1 0 5 / # TO SCRAP PATH3 7 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / 6 TO SCRAP PATH3 7 6 1 21 1 . 0 / 6 TO SCRAP PATH4 3 6 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 6 / 6 PATH INFO4 3 6 1 2 0 0 / 6 TO SCRAP1 7 7 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 7 / 7 TRACK PANEL1 7 7 1 2 0 0 / 7 TRACK PANEL2 0 7 0 01 1 1 1 0 1 7 / 7 NFC SOURCE2 0 7 1 2 0 0 / 7 DROP PANEL AT SITE2 7 7 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 6 / 7 TRACK PANEL2 7 7 i 2 0 0 / 7 TRACK PANEL4 0 7 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 7 / 7 PATH INFO4 0 7 1 2 0 0 / 7 TO RENEW4 3 7 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 7 / 7 PATH INFO4 3 7 1 2 0 0 / 7 TO SCRAP1 7 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 8 / 8 PATH INFO1 7 8 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / 8 NILES SURFACED2 0 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 1 8 / 8 PATH INFO2 0 8 1 2 0 l o b o / 8 NILES SURFACED2 0 8 1 31 3 7 0 1 3 . 5 0 1 / 8 NEW BALLAST R F . 62 7 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 8 / 8 PATH IHFO2 7 8 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 / 8 NILES SURFACED2 7 8 1 3 2 6 . 6 1 6 . 5 8 1 / 8 REGULATE BALLAST RF.2 7 8 1 4 2 6 . 6 1 2 . 5 0 14 / 8 REGULATE BALLAST RF.4 0 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 8 / 8 PATH INFO

4 A A f t J O Tfl PFHFU3 7 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 8 / 8

1 V R b l l b VTO SCRAP PATH

H-12

3 7 8 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 8 TO SCRAP PATH3 7 8 1 21 0 . 5 7 8 TO SCRAP PATH4 3 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 8 7 8 PATH IHFO4 3 8 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 8 TO SCRAP4 3 8 1 21 1 . 0 7 8 TO SCRAP4 7 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 8 7 8 RETURN4 7 8 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 8 RETURN4 7 8 1 21 1 . 0 7 8 RETURN1 7 9 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 9 7 9 PATH IHFO1 7 9 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 9 HXLES SMOOTHED2 0 9 0 0 5 1 1 1 0 1 9 7 9 PATH IHFO2 0 9 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 9 MILES SMOOTHED2 7 9 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 ? 7 9 PATH INFO2 7 9 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 9 MILES SMOOTHED2 7 9 1 3 2 6 . 8 9 . 3 2 1 7 9 REGULATOR R F . 42 7 9 1 4 2 6 . 6 1 2 . 5 0 5 7 9 SMOOTH BALLAST RF . 64 0 9 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 9 / 9 PATH IHFO4 0 9 1 2 0 0 7 9 TO RENEW3 7 9 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 9 7 9 TO SCRAP PATH3 7 9 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 9 TO SCRAP PATH3 7 9 1 21 0 . 5 7 9 TO SCRAP PATH4 3 9 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 9 7 9 PATH IHFO4 3 9 1 2 0 1 8 0 0 7 9 TO SCRAP4 3 9 1 21 1 . 0 7 9 TO SCRAP4 7 9 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 9 7 9 RETURN4 7 9 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 9 RETURN1 8 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 10 7 1 0 PATH IHFO1 8 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 1 0 TIMBER 4 SURFACE HILf1 8 0 1 2 1 1 . 0 7 1 0 TIMBER t SURFACE MILL.1 8 0 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 10 7 1 0 TIMBER t SURFACE MILES1 8 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 1 0 TIMBER & SURFACE MILES1 8 0 1 21 1 . 0 7 1 0 TIMBER t SURFACE MILES2 1 0 0 0 3 1 1 1 0 1 10 7 1 0 PATH INFO2 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 1 0 NEW TIES2 1 0 1 31 3 7 0 1 3 . 5 0 1 7 1 0 NEW BALLAST R F . 62 1 0 1 31 1 0 0 0 1 5 . 0 0 1 7 1 0 NEW TIES2 1 0 1 3 7 9 . 0 9 1 1 0 1 7 1 0 DELIVER TIES R F . 62 8 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 10 7 1 0 PATH IHFO2 8 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 1 0 TRAVEL TO SI TE2 8 0 1 3 7 1 8 3 . 3 3 1 7 1 0 TRAVEL TO SITE2 8 0 1 3 8 4 . 1 1 7 . 5 0 2 . 2 7 1 0 TRAVEL TO S I T E RF . 42 8 0 1 4 2 1 1 . 1 1 2 . 5 0 1 7 1 0 TIE BROOM 6 CRIB2 8 0 1 3 2 1 1 . 1 1 6 . 2 7 1 7 1 0 TIE BROOM \ CRIB2 8 0 1 4 0 1 1 . 1 7 . 5 0 2 7 1 0 PULL SPIKES2 8 0 1 3 2 1 1 . 1 1 . 6 7 2 7 1 0 PULL SPIKES2 8 0 1 4 0 1 1 . 1 7 . 5 0 2 7 1 0 REMOVE ANCHOR2 8 0 1 4 2 1 1 . 1 1 2 . 5 0 1 7 1 0 REMOVE TIES2 8 0 1 3 2 1 1 . 1 5 . 0 1 1 7 1 0 REMOVE TIES2 8 0 1 4 3 1 1 . 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 7 1 0 RESET HEW TIES2 8 0 1 3 2 1 1 . 1 1 2 . 4 8 1 7 1 0 RESET NEW TIES2 8 0 1 41 1 1 . 1 1 0 . 0 0 2 7 1 0 SPIKE 1 ANCHOR2 8 0 1 3 2 1 1 . 1 2 . 7 8 1 7 1 0 SPIKE 6 ANCHOR2 8 0 1 31 2 0 0 0 7 . 7 7 1 7 1 0 SPIKE L ANCHOR2 8 0 1 4 3 1 1 . 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 7 1 0 REGULATE BALLAST

H-13

2 8 0 1 3 2 11 . 1 9 . 3 2 12 8 0 1 4 3 1 1 . 1 1 5 . 0 0 12 8 0 1 3 2 11 . 1 7 . 2 6 12 8 0 1 4 2 11 . 1 1 2 . 5 0 22 8 0 1 3 2 11 . 1 1 6 . 2 7 12 8 0 1 4 2 l l . 1 1 2 . 5 0 12 8 0 1 3 2 11 . 1 1 6 . 2 7 12 8 0 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 102 8 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 04 1 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 104 1 0 1 2 0 04 1 0 0 0 5 1 1 o o o 104 1 0 1 2 0 03 8 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 103 8 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 03 8 0 1 21 0 . 53 8 0 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 103 8 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 03 8 0 1 21 0 . 54 4 0 0 0 3 1 1 1 0 0 104 4 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 04 1 0 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 104 1 0 1 2 0 04 4 0 0 0 5 1 1 1 0 0 t o4 4 0 I 2 0 1 0 0 01 8 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 111 8 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 02 1 1 0 0 3 1 1 1 0 1 112 1 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 02 1 1 I 3 7 9 . 0 9 1 1 0 . 0 0 12 1 1 1 31 1 0 0 0 1 5 . 0 0 12 8 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 112 8 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 02 8 1 1 3 7 1 . 0 4 5 . 0 9 12 8 1 1 3 8 4 . 1 1 7 . 5 0 2 . 22 8 1 1 4 0 11 . 1 7 . 5 0 22 8 1 1 3 2 11 . 1 1 . 6 7 22 8 1 1 4 2 11 . 1 1 2 . 5 0 12 8 1 1 3 2 11 . 1 5 . 0 1 12 8 1 1 4 3 11 . 1 1 5 . 0 0 12 8 1 1 3 2 1 1 . 1 7 . 4 7 12 8 1 1 4 2 1 1 . 1 7 . 4 7 12 8 1 1 3 2 11 . 1 4 . 7 9 12 8 1 1 4 2 11 . 1 1 2 . 5 0 12 8 1 1 3 2 11 . 1 2 . 0 0 12 8 1 1 31 2 0 0 0 4 . 5 2 12 8 1 1 41 11 . 1 1 0 . 0 0 22 8 1 1 3 2 11 . 1 2 . 7 8 12 8 1 1 31 9 0 0 0 . 2 5 12 8 1 1 4 3 11 . 1 1 5 . 0 0 12 8 1 1 3 2 11 . 1 7 . 2 6 12 8 1 1 4 3 1 1 . 1 1 5 . 0 0 12 8 1 2 8 1

1-1

3 231

11 . 1 9 . 3 2 1

/ I O REGULATE BALLAST / I O TAMP BALLAST / I O TAMP BALLAST / I O ALIGN TRACK / I O ALIGN TRACK / I O BROOM t SWEEP / I O BROOM t SUEEP /IO /ID/ 1 0 PATH INFO/ 1 0 TO RENEW/ I O PATH INFO/ I O TO RENEW/ I O PATH INFO/ I O TO SCRAP PATH/ I O TO SCRAP PATH/ I O PATH INFO/ I O TO SCRAP PATH/ I O TO SCRAP PATH/ I O PATH INFO/ I O TO SCRAP/ I O PATH INFO/ I O TO RENEW/ I O PATH INFO/ I O TO SCRAP/ i l . PATH INFO/ I I MILES RENEWED/ 1 1 PATH INFO/ I I NEW TI ES 0 iOOO/HILE/ I I DELIVERY R F . 6/ I I NEW TI ES/ I I RENEWED MILES/ I I RENEWED MILES/ I I EQUIP. DELIVERY R F . 4/ i l TRAVEL TO SI TE/ i l PULL SPIKES/ I l PULL SPIKES/ I I CUT UP TIES/ l l CUT UP TIES/ I I SET NEW TIES/ l l SET NEW TIES/ l l INJECT/ l l INJECT/ l l INSERT PLATES/ l l INSERT PLATES/ l l INSERT PLATES/ l l SPIKE/ l l SPIKE/ l 1 SPIKE/ l l TAMP/ l l TAMP/ l l REG BALLAST/ l l REG BALLAST/ l l OTM

H-14

2 8 1 1 4 4 1 1 . 1 17 . 50 12 8 1 1 4 4 11 . 1 17 . 30 24 1 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 114 1 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 03 8 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 113 8 1 1 21 20 0 03 8 1 1 21 O. S4 4 1 0 0 3 1 1 1 0 0 114 4 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 04 4 1 1 21 1 . 01 8 2 Q 01 1 1 0 0 0 121 8 2 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 . 02 1 2 0 01 1 1 1 0 1 122 1 2 1 2 0 02 8 2 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 122 8 2 1 2 0 1 0 0 02 8 2 1 3 64 1 2 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 124 1 2 1 2 0 03 8 2 0 01 1 1 0 1 0 123 8 2 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 . 04 4 2 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 124 4 2 1 2 0 01 8 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 131 8 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 01 8 3 1 21 1 . 02 1 3 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 132 1 3 1 2 0 02 8 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 132 8 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 02 8 3 1 3 2 8 . 0 3 . 9 2 : l2 8 3 1 31 1 0 0 1 12 8 3 1 4 2 8 . 0 1 2 . 5 0 44 1 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 134 1 3 1 2 0 03 8 3 0 01 1 1 0 1 0 133 8 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 03 8 3 1 21 1 . 04 4 3 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 134 4 3 1 2 0 01 8 4 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 141 8 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 02 1 4 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 142 1 4 1 2 0 02 8 4 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 142 8 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 02 8 4 1 3 6 1 00 1 14 1 4 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 144 14 1 2 0 03 8 4 0 01 1 1 0 1 0 143 8 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 03 8 4 1 21 1 . 04 4 4 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 144 4 4 1 2 0 0

/ l l FOREMAN/ l l ASST. FOREMAN/ I I PATH INFO/ l l TO RENEW/ l l PATH INFO/ l l TO SCRAP PATH/ l l TO SCRAP PATH/ l l PATH INFO/ l l TO SCRAP/ l l TO SCRAP/ 1 2 PATH IHFO/ 1 2 JOINT REPAIRS/ 1 2 PATH INFO/ 1 2 MFG SOURCE/ 1 2 PATH INFO/ 1 2 REPAIRS 8 1 / HI L E/ 1 2 REPAIRS/ 1 2 PATH INFO/ 1 2 TO RENEW/ 1 2 PATH INFO/ 1 2 TO SCRAP PATH/ 1 2 PATH INFO/ 1 2 TO SCRAP/ 1 3 PATH IHFO/ 1 3 TURN OUT REPAIRS/ 1 3 TURN OUT REPAIRS/ 1 3 PATH INFO/ 1 3 MFC SOURCE/ 1 3 PATH INFO/ 1 3 REPAIRS 9 1/MXLE/ 1 3 REPAIRS/ 1 3 REPAIRS/ 1 3 REPAIRS/ 1 3 PATH INFO/ 1 3 fO RENEW/ 1 3 PATH INFO/ 1 3 TO SCRAP PATH/ 1 3 TO SCRAP PATH/ 1 3 PATH INFO/ 1 3 TO SCRAP/ 1 4 PATH IHFO/ i 4 MILES REBUILT/ 1 4 PATH INFO/ 1 4 HFG SOURCE/ 1 4 PATH IHFO/ 1 4 REPAIRS/ 1 4 REBUILT R F . 5/ 1 4 PATH IHFO/ 1 4 TO RENEW/ 1 4 PATH INFO/ 1 4 TO SCRAP PATH/ 1 4 TO SCRAP PATH/ 1 4 PATH IHFO/ 1 4 TO SCRAP

H-15

1 8 5 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 151 8 5 1 2 0 3 0 0 02 1 5 0 0 2 1 1 1 0 0 152 1 5 1 2 0 0 . 02 8 5 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 152 8 5 1 2 0 3 0 0 02 8 5 1 2 1 1 . 02 8 5 1 3 6 . 5 2 0 0 i!4 1 5 0 0 2 ! 1 0 0 0 IS4 1 5 1 2 0 03 8 5 0 0 2 1 1 0 1 0 IS3 8 5 1 2 0 3 0 0 03 8 5 1 21 1 . 04 4 5 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 154 4 5 1 2 0 04 8 5 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 154 8 5 1 2 0 3 0 0 04 8 5 1 21 0 . 01 8 6 0 0 5 i i o 0 0 151 8 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 01 8 6 1 21 1 . 02 1 6 0 0 5 i i i 0 1 IS2 1 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 02 8 6 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 152 8 6 1 2 0 2 0 0 02 8 6 1 3 6 5 0 0 1 14 1 6 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 164 1 6 1 2 0 03 8 6 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 163 8 6 1 2 0 2 0 0 03 8 6 1 21 0 . 54 4 6 0 0 5 1 1 1 0 0 164 4 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 01 8 7 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 171 8 7 1 20 1 0 0 02 1 7 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 172 1 7 1 2 0 02 8 7 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 172 8 7 1 2 0 1 0 0 02 8 7 1 3 6 1 7 5 1 14 1 7 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 174 1 7 1 2 0 03 8 7 0 01 1 1 0 1 0 173 8 7 1 2 0 1 0 0 03 8 7 1 21 1 . 04 4 7 0 01 1 1 1 0 0 174 4 7 1 2 0 01 8 8 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 181 8 8 1 2 0 02 1 8 0 01 1 1 1 0 1 182 1 8 1 2 0 02 8 8 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 182 8 8 - -1- 2 0 - 04 1 8 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 18

✓ 15 PATH INFO ✓ 15 RAIL GRIND ✓ 15 PATH INFO ✓ 15 NULL ✓ 15 PATH INFO ✓ 15 REPAIRS ✓ 15 REPAIRS ✓ 15 REPAIRS R F . 6 ✓ 15 PATH INFO✓ 1 5 TO RENEW ✓ 15 PATH INFO ✓ 15 TO SCRAP PATH ✓ 15 TO SCRAP PATH ✓ 15 PATH INFO ✓ 15 TO SCRAP✓ 15 RETURN ✓ 15 RETURN ✓ 15 RETURN ✓ 16 PATH INFO✓ 16 NILES CLEANED ✓ 16 NILES CLEANED ✓ 16 PATH INFO ✓ 16 NFS SOURCE ✓ 16 PATH INFO ✓ 16 REPAIRS✓ 16 REPAIRS✓ 16 PATH INFO✓ 16 TO RENEW✓ 16 PATH INFO✓ 16 TO SCRAP PATH✓ 16 TO SCRAP PATH✓ 16 PATH INFO✓ 16 TO SCRAP✓ 17 PATH INFO✓ 17 BRUSH 6 WEED NILES✓ 1? PATH INFO✓ i? HFG SOURCE✓ 17 PATH INFO✓ 17 REPAIR ITEMS✓ 17 REPAIR ITEMS R F .5✓ 17 PATH INFO✓ 17 TO RENEW✓ 17 TO SCRAP PATH✓ 17 TO SCRAP PATH✓ 17 TO SCRAP PATH✓ 17 PATH INFO✓ 17 TO SCRAP✓ 18 PATH INFO✓ 18 DITCHING✓ 18 PATH INFO✓ 18 HFG SOURCE✓ 18 PATH IHFO✓ 18 PATH INFO--------------------✓ 18 PATH INFO

H-16

4 1 84 4 84 481 8 91 8 92 1 92 1 92 8 92 8 94 1 94 1 94 4 94 4 91 9 01 9 02202202 9 02 9 04 2 04 2 04 5 04 5 00020020010 0 10010010010010010 0 10010010 0 10010010010 1 60 1 60 1 60 1 70 1 70 1 70 1 80 1 80 1 80 1 80 1 90 1 90 1 9020020

1 2 0 0 7 1 8 TO RENEW0 01 1 1 1 0 0 18 7 1 8 PATH IHFO1 2 0 0 7 1 8 TO SCRAP0 01 1 1 0 0 0 19 7 1 9 PATH IHFO1 2 0 • 7 1 9 SNOW 6 ICE REMOVAL0 01 1 1 1 0 1 19 7 1 9 PATH IHFO1 2 0 0 7 1 9 HFG SOURCE0 01 1 1 0 0 0 19 7 1 9 PATH IHFO1 2 0 0 7 1 9 REPAIR ITEMS0 01 1 1 0 0 0 19 7 1 9 PATH INFO1 2 0 0 7 1 9 TO REHEW0 01 1 1 1 0 0 19 7 1 9 PATH IHFO1 2 0 0 7 1 9 TO SCRAP0 01 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 7 2 0 PATH IHFO1 2 0 0 7 2 0 SLIDES t WASHOUTS0 01 1 1 1 0 I 20 7 2 0 PATH IHFO1 2 0 0 7 2 0 BALLAST7TIES7RAIL0 01 1 1 0 0 0 20 7 2 0 PATH IHFO1 2 0 0 7 2 0 REPAIR ITEMS0 01 1 1 0 0 0 20 7 2 0 PATH IHFO1 2 0 0 7 2 0 TO RENEW0 01 1 1 1 0 0 20 7 2 0 PATH IHFO1 2 0 0 7 2 0 TO SCRAP0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 7 DUMPING PATH1 21 0 . 0 0 7 DUMPING PATH0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 TRACK IN USE1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 TRACK IN USE R F . 21 21 . 1 5 7 TRACK IN USE0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 TRACK IH USE1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 TRACK IH USE R F . 21 21 . 0 4 ' 7 TRACK IN USE0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 TRACK IN USE1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 7 TRACK IH USE R F . 21 21 . 0 5 7 TRACK IN USE0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 TRACK IN USE1 2 0 0 7 TRACK IH USE0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 TRACK IH USE1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 7 TRACK IN USE RF . 21 21 . 0 5 7 TRACK IN USE0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 7 PATH IHFO1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 7 FED CAR INSPT1 21 0 . 15 7 FED CAR INSPT0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 7 PATH IHFO1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 FED CAR RESULTS1 21 1 . 0 7 FED CAR RESULTS0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 7 PATH IHFO1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 7 SPERRY RAIL CAR1 21 0 . 15 7 SPERRY RAIL CAR1 3 6 25 1 1 7 .SPERRY RAIL CAR0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 7 PATH IHFO1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 SPERRY RAIL CAR1 21 1 . 0 7 SPERRY RAIL CAR0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 7 PATH IHFO1 20 2 0 0 0 0 0 7 SOUND RAIL CAR

H-17

0 2 0 1 21 0 . 15 / SOUND ROIL COR0 2 0 1 3 6 25 1 1 7 SOUND ROIL COR0 2 1 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / ROTH INFO0 2 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / SOUND ROIL COR0 2 1 1 2 1 1 . 0 / SOUND ROIL COR0 2 2 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 s POTH INFO0 2 2 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 / TROCK GEOM COR0 2 2 1 21 0 . 1 5 / TROCK GEOM COR0 2 2 1 3 6 25 1 1 / TROCK GEOM COR0 2 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / POTH INFO0 2 3 i 2 0 1 0 0 0 s TROCK GEOM COR0 2 1 i 2 1 1 . 0 / TROCK GEOM COR0 2 4 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / POTH INFO0 2 4 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 / ROIL UEOR COR0 2 4 1 21 0 . 15 / ROIL UEOR COR0 2 4 1 3 6 25 1 1 / ROIL UEOR COR0 2 5 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / POTH INFO0 2 5 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / ROIL UEOR COR0 2 5 1 21 1 . 0 / ROIL UEOR COR0 1 0 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 ■/' POTH INFO0 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 / FEDEROL VIS INSP0 1 0 1 21 0 . 1 5 / FEDERAL VI S INSP0 1 0 1 41 . 1 10 . 0 0 I 2l / FEDEROL VIS INSPO i l 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 / POTH INFOO i l 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / FEDERAL VIS INSPO i l 1 21 1 . 0 / FEDERAL VIS INSP0 1 2 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / POTH INFO0 1 2 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 / STATE V I S INSP0 1 2 1 21 0 . 1 5 / STATE V I S INSP0 1 2 1 41 . 1 10 . 0 0 1 21 / STATE V I S INSP0 1 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH IHFO0 1 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / STATE V I S IHS-P0 1 3 1 21 1 . 0 / STATE V I S IHSP0 1 4 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / POTH IHFO0 1 4 1 2 0 2 6 6 6 7 / SCHED TROCK REVIEU0 1 4 1 21 0 . 1 5 / SCHED TROCK REVIEU0 1 4 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH IHFO0 1 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 / SCHED TRACK REVIEU0 1 4 1 21 0 . 0 4 / SCHED TRACK REVIEU0 1 4 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH IHFO0 1 4 1 2 0 8 0 0 0 0 / SCHED TROCK REVIEU0 1 4 1 21 0 . 0 5 / SCHED TROCK REVIEU0 1 4 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 / POTH INFO0 1 4 1 2 0 0 / SCHED TROCK REVIEU0 1 4 1 21 0 . 15 / SCHED TROCK REVIEU0 1 4 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 1 4 1 2 0 8 0 0 0 0 / SCHED TRACK REVIEU0 1 4 1 21 0 . 0 5 / SCHED TROCK REVIEU0 2 6 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / POTH INFO0 2 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 * / OCCIDENTS0 2 6 1 21 0 . 1 5 / OCCIDENTS0 2 6 1 3 6 2 5 0 0 0 1 1 / ACCIDENTS R F . 80.27 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / POTH INFO0 2 7 1 2 0 1 5 0 / OCC RESULTS

H-18

0 2 7 1 21 1 . 0 / ACC RESULTS0 3 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH IHFO0 3 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 / JOINT INSP CAR0 3 0 1 21 0 . 15 / JOINT INSP CAR0 3 0 1 3 6 10 1 1 / JOINT INSP CAR0 3 1 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 3 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 / JOINT RESULTS0 3 1 1 21 1 . 0 / JOINT RESULTS0 1 S 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 1 5 1 2 0 9 1 5 0 . 0 / INSPECT RESULTS0 1 5 1 21 1 . 0 / INSPECT RESULTS0 1 5 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH IHFO0 1 5 1 2 0 4 . 0 D + 0 3 / INSPECT RESULTS0 1 5 1 21 1 . 0 / INSPECT RESULTS0 1 5 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 1 5 1 2 0 4 0 0 0 . 0 1 / INSPECT RESULTS0 1 5 1 21 1 . 0 1

/ INSPECT RESULTS0 1 5 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH IHFO0 1 5 1 2 0 0. / INSPECT RESULTS0 1 5 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 1 5 1 2 0 4 0 0 0 . 0 / INSPECT RESULTS0 1 5 1 21 1 . 0 f INSPECT RESULTS0 6 1 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 6 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 . 0 / TO REPAIR0 6 1 1 21 1 . 0 / TO REPAIR0 6 1 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH IHFO0 6 1 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 . 0 / TO REPAIR0 6 1 1 21 1 . 0 / TO REPAIR0 6 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 6 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 . 0 / TO REPAIR0 6 1 1 21 1 . 0 / TO REPAIR0 6 1 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 6 1 1 2 0 0 / TO REPAIR0 6 1 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH IHFO0 6 1 1 2 0 4 0 0 0 . 0 / TO REPAIR0 6 1 1 21 1 . 0 / TO REPAIR0 6 2 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 6 2 1 2 0 8 0 0 0 . 0 / AFTER HAINT 10 6 2 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 6 2 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 . 0 / AFTER HAINT 10 6 2 1 21 1 . 0 / AFTER HAINT 10 6 2 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH IHFO0 6 2 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 . 0 / AFTER HAINT 10 6 2 1 21 1 . 0 / AFTER HAINT 10 6 2 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 6 2 1 2 0 0 / AFTER HAINT 10 6 2 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 / AFTER HAINT 10 6 2 1 2 0 4 0 0 0 / AFTER HAINT 10 6 2 1 21 1 . 0 / AFTER HAINT 11 2 1 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO1 2 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 / TO HAINT *11 2 1 1 21 1 . 0 / TO HAINT #10 6 3 0 01 1 1 0 0 0 0 / PATH INFO0 6 3 1 2 0 7 0 0 0 / AFTER HAINT 2

H-19

00 6 3 0 0 2 1 10 6 3 1 2 0 3 0 0 00 6 3 0 0 3 1 10 6 3 1 2 0 2 0 0 00 6 3 0 0 4 1 10 6 3 1 2 0 00 6 3 0 0 5 1 10 6 3 1 2 0 4 0 0 01 2 2 0 Oi 1 11 2 2 1 2 0 1 0 0 00 6 4 0 01 1 i0 6 4 1 2 0 6 0 0 00 6 4 0 0 2 1 10 6 4 1 2 0 3 0 0 00 6 4 0 0 3 1 10 6 4 1 2 0 2 0 0 00 6 4 0 0 4 1 10 6 4 1 2 0 00 6 4 0 0 5 1 10 6 4 1 2 0 4 0 0 01 2 3 0 01 1 11 2 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 00 6 6 0 01 1 i0 6 6 1 2 0 4 0 0 00 6 6 0 0 2 1 10 6 6 1 2 0 3 0 0 00 6 6 0 0 3 1 10 6 6 1 2 0 2 0 0 00 6 6 0 0 4 1 10 6 6 1 2 0 00 6 6 0 0 5 1 10 6 6 1 2 0 4 0 0 01 2 5 0 01 1 11 2 5 1 2 0 1 0 0 00 6 5 0 01 1 10 6 5 1 2 0 5 0 0 00 6 5 0 0 2 1 10 6 5 1 2 0 3 0 0 00 6 5 0 0 3 1 10 6 5 1 2 0 2 0 0 00 6 5 0 0 4 1 10 6 5 1 2 0 00 6 5 0 0 5 1 10 6 5 1 20 4 0 0 01 2 4 0 01 1 11 2 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 00 6 7 0 01 1 10 6 7 1 2 0 3 0 0 00 6 7 0 0 2 1 10 6 7 1 2 0 3 0 0 00 6 7 0 0 3 1 10 6 7 1 2 0 2 0 0 00 6 7 0 04 1 10 6 7 2 0 0

00000000000000000000000000

/ PATH INFO / AFTER NAINT 2 7 PATH INFO / AFTER NAINT 2 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 2

. 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 2 7 PATH INFO 7 TO NAINT § 2 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 2 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 2 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 2 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 2 7 PATH IHFO 7 AFTER NAINT 3 7 PATH IHFO 7 TO NAINT « 2 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 5 7 PATH IHFO 7 AFTER NAINT 5 7 PATH IHFO 7 AFTER HAIHT 5 7 PATH IHFO 7 AFTER NAINT 5 / PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 5 / PATH INFO 7 TO NAINT # 5 7 PATH INFO 7 TO NAINT 4 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 4 / PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 4 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 4 7 PATH IHFO 7 AFTER NAINT 4 7 PATH INFO / TO NAINT # 4 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 6 7 PATH INFO 7 AFTER NAINT 6 7 PATH INFO / AFTER NAIHT 6 / PATH INFO / AFTER NAINT 6

H-20

0 6 7 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 6 7 1 2 0 4 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 61 2 6 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO1 2 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 TO" HAINT » 60 6 8 0 0 1 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 6 8 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 70 6 8 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 6 8 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HA1HT 70 6 8 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 6 8 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 70 6 8 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 6 8 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 70 6 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 6 8 1 2 0 4 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAIHT 71 2 7 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO1 2 7 1 2 0 0 7 TO HAINT 8 70 6 9 0 0 1 l 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 6 9 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAIHT 80 6 9 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 6 9 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 80 6 9 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 6 9 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 80 6 9 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 6 9 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAIHT 80 6 9 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 6 9 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAIHT 81 2 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO1 2 8 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 TO HAINT 8 80 7 0 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 0 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 90 7 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 0 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 90 7 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 90 7 0 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 0 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 90 7 0 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 91 2 9 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO1 2 9 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 TO HAINT 90 7 1 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 1 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 100 7 1 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 1 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 100 7 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 100 7 1 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 1 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 100 7 1 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 101 3 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO1 3 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 TO HAINT 8 1 01 3 0 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO1 3 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 TO HAINT 8 1 0

H-21

0 7 2 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 2 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 110 7 2 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 2 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 110 7 2 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 2 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 110 7 2 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 2 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 110 7 2 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 2 1 2 6 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 111 3 ! 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO1 3 1 1 2 0 1 6 0 0 7 TO HAINT 1110 7 3 0 01 1 1 0 , 7 PATH IHFO0 7 3 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 120 7 3 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 3 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 120 7 3 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 3 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAIHT 120 7 3 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 3 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 120 7 3 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO071 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 128 7 4 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 4 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 130 7 4 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 4 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 130 7 4 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 4 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 1 30 7 4 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 . PATH INFO0 7 4 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 130 7 4 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAIHT 131 3 3 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO1 3 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 TO HAIHT t 130 7 5 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 5 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 140 7 S 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 5 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAIHT 140 7 5 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 5 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 140 7 5 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 5 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAIHT 140 7 5 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 5 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 141 3 4 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO1 3 4 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 TO HAIHT 1 1 40 7 6 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 150 7 6 0 0 2 1 , 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 6 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 150 7 6 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO0 7 6 1 ? 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 1-50 7 6 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 6 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 15

H-22

0 7 6 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HA1NT 151 3 5 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO1 3 5 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 7 TO HAINT * 1 50 7 7 0 0 1 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 7 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 160 7 7 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 7 f 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 160 7 7 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 7 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 160 7 7 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 7 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 160 7 7 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 7 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 161 3 6 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO1 3 6 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 TO HAINT * 1 60 7 8 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 8 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 170 7 8 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 8 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 1?0 7 8 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 8 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 170 7 8 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 8 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 170 7 8 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO0 7 8 1 2 0 0 7 AFTER HAINT 171 3 7 0 0 1 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO1 3 7 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 TO HAINT * 1 73 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 7 NOT REPAIRED3 0 0 1 2 0 1 1 5 0 . 0 7 NOT REPAIRED3 0 0 1 21 1 . 0 7 NOT REPAIRED3 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 NOT REPAIRED3 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 . 0 7 NOT REPAIRED3 0 0 1 21 1. 0 7 HOT REPAIRED3 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 NOT REPAIRED3 0 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 . 0 7 NOT REPAIRED3 0 0 1 21 1. 0 7 NOT REPAIRED3 0 2 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO3 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 SLOW ORDER3 0 2 0 0 2 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO3 0 2 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 SLOW ORDER3 0 2 0 0 3 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO3 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 7 SLOW ORDER3 0 2 0 0 4 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO3 0 2 1 2 0 0 7 SLOW ORDER3 0 2 0 0 5 1 1 0 7 PATH IHFO3 0 2 1 2 0 0 7 SLOW ORDER3 0 6 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO3 0 6 1 2 0 0 7 IDLE TRACK3 0 8 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO3 0 8 1 2 0 0 7 CLOSE TRACK3 1 2 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO3 1 2 1 2 0 3 7 5 0 7 NOTED BAD R F . 43 1 3 0 01 1 1 0 7 PATH INFO

H-23

3 1 3 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 / REWELDED RAIL R F . 43 1 3 1 3 6 4 6 1 0 01 1 1 0 4 6 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 0 4 6 1 1 21 0 9 9 9 0 0 1 1 1

/ REWELDEO RAIL 0 0 / I RETURN

/ l RETURN / 1 RETURN

8 / END OF FILE

H-24

APPENDIX I

Output Costs From Program Run Example #1

PROGRAM REVISION NUMBER : SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM NUMBER :DATA FILE NUMBER s NUM8ER OF TRACK CLASSES : NUMBER OF TRACK COMPONENTS PATHS IN SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM NODES IN SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM TIME SIMULATION BEGINS AT YEAR TIME SIMULATION ENDS ON YEAR : TIME INCREMENT SIZE IN YEARS :

0006000100012

21890.00 1 .SO

0 . 10

UEIBULL DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS

CLASS COMPONENT AVG. AGE BETA C - L I F E1 i 20 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 01 2 20 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 02 1 20 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 02 2 20 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 0

FUNCTIONS AND SHAPE PARAMETERS ACTIVEPATH FUNC . A B C XO YO

5 7 2 . 0 0 D 0 0 3 . SOD 01 0 . 0 0 0 - 0 1 0 . 0 0 D - 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 - 0 11 5* 2 . 0 0 D 0 0 2 . 0 0 D 0 0 1 . 0 0 D 0 0 6 . 0 0 D 0 0 S . OOD 0 017 6 2 . 9 0 0 - 0 1 1 . 0 0 0 - 0 1 7 . 1 0 0 - 0 1 0 . 0 0 D - 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 - 0 1

NOTE: This function was also deleted and the full simulation rerun.See Section 6 for comparison discussion with and without the inspection modifying function in operation.

1-3

TRACK M A I N T E N A N C E COSTRUN NUMBER : BASE MOD 2DATE : THU > AUG 14 1 9 8 0PLACE : SHAKER RESEARCH CORP.SIMULATION TIME: 0 . 0 0

POPULATION CLASS COMPO- QUALITYIN USE NENT7 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 0 . 1 0 0 0 0

5 0 . 0 0 1 2 0 . 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 0 . 1 0 0 0 01 50 . 0 0 2 ■ 2 0 . 1 00 0 0

IDE PATH CLASS COMPO- QUALITY PATH FLOWS MAINTENANCEONENT MILES/YEAR DOLLARS1 1 1 1 0 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 01 1 1 2 0 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 . 0 0 1 5 0 0 01 1 2 1 0 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 0 0 01 1 2 2 0 . 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 4 5 0 0 02 2 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 3 0 . 0 0 02 18 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 . 0 0 02 2 1 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 . 0 0 02 18 - 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 . 0 0 02 2 2 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 . 0 0 02 18 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 . 0 0 02 2 2 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 02 18 2 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 . 0 0 03 17 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 . 0 0 2 4 0 0 03 17 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 3 0 0 03 17 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 3 0 0 04 3 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 . 0 0 04 3 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 . 0 0 04 3 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 0 0 04 3 2 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 . 0 0 05 5 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 . 0 0 05 4 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 . 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 05 5 1 2 . 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 . 0 0 05 4 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 2 5 0 0 05 5 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 . 0 0 05 4 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 2 5 0 0 05 5 2 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 . 0 0 06 6 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 . 0 0 1 2 6 0 0 0 06 7 1 1 0 . 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 1 0 9 9 7 0 06 6 1 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 . 0 0 4 3 0 0 0 06 7 1 2 0 . 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 . 0 0 70 0 006 6 2 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 . 0 0 4 5 0 0 0 06 7 2 1 0 . 5 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 . 0 0 2 7 6 0 0 06 6 2 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 9 0 0 0 06 7 2 2 0 . 5 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 . 0 0 3 0 9 9 47 9 1 1 0 . 16 66 67 8 4 . 0 0 07 8 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 . 0 0 07 9 1 2 0 . 16 66 67 6 . 0 0 07 8 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 . 0 0 07 9 2 1 0 . 1 6 66 6 7 1 2 . 0 0 07 8 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 . 0 0 07 9 2 2 0 . 0 6 2 5 0 0 1 6 . 0 0 07 8 2 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 . 0 0 03 l i 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 4 0 7 0 . 0 0 08 10 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 . 0 0 - 1 3 9 9 7 28 11 1 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 4 0 5 . 0 0 ' 0Ou 10 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 - 9 9 983 11 2 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 . 0 0 08 10 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 . 0 0 - 1 9 9 9 68 11 2 2 0 . 0 4 0 0 0 5 1 5 . 6 3 0y 1 u £ <L 1 . o u u u u u — U’T'O-t ------— ------- o~(9 12 1 1 0 . 1 0 2 5 9 6 7 8 . 0 0 09 12 1 2 0 . 16 6 6 9 4 6 . 0 0 012 2 1 0 . 0 9 09 4 2 1 1 . 0 0 09 12 2 2 0 . 0 4 0 0 0 5 1 5 . 6 3 0

T O T A L % 5 3 1 2 9 7 91-4

TRACK M A I N T E N A N C E COSTRUN HUMBERDATEPLACESIMULATION

%»••

TIME:

BASE MOD 2THU j AUG 14 1 9 8 0SHAKER RESEARCH CQRP.0 . 5 0

POPULATION CLASS COMPO- QUALITYIN USE HENT7 0 0 . 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 7 5 8 7' 5 0 . 0 0 1 2 0 . 0 7 3 6 91 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 0 . 0 7 3 6 91 5 0 . 2 8 2 2 0 . 0 7 5 0 6

NODE PATH CLASS COMPO- QUALITY PATH FLOWS MAINTENANCEONENT MILES/YEAR DOLLARS1 1 1 1 0 . 0 7 5 8 7 3 7 1 1 . 6 6 2 1 3 4 9 61 1 1 2 0 . 0 7 3 6 9 3 5 0 . 0 0 1 5 0 0 01 1 2 1 0 . 0 7 3 6 9 3 1 0 0 . 0 0 3 0 0 0 0i 1 2 2 0 . 0 7 5 0 5 6 1 5 0 . 2 8 45 0 832 2 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 5 7 . 6 6 02 18 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 4 . 0 0 02 2 1 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 . 3 2 02 18 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 . 6 8 02 2 2 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 2 . 6 3 02 13 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 . 3 7 02 2 2 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 9 . 0 0 02 18 2 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 2 8 03 17 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 . 6 5 1 69 353 17 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 7 4 2 2 1 03 17 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 7 4 2 2 1 04 3 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 9 . 6 4 04 3 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 . 4 2 04 3 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 . 1 1 04 3 2 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 2 8 05 5 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 . 3 8 05 4 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 . 2 6 3 3 1 4 0 85 5 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 . 6 8 05 4 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 7 4 1 8 4 2 35 5 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 . 3 7 05 4 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 7 4 18 4 2 35 5 2 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 2 8 06 6 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 . 3 8 8 3 4 9 1 36 7 1 1 0 . 5 0 0 0 0 0 9 2 . 7 7 7 2 8 6 9 46 6 1 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 . 6 8 3 1 6 8 8 26 7 1 2 0 . 5 0 0 0 0 0 7 . 3 7 5 1 5 8 56 6 2 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 . 3 7 3 3 1 6 2 16 7 2 1 0 . 5 0 0 0 0 0 , 1 4 . 7 4 2 0 3 3 9 46 6 2 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 . 2 8 9 7 0 0 1 66 7 2 2 0 . 5 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 . 5 6 23 3 067 9 1 1 0 . 1 6 6 6 6 7 5 5 . 6 6 07 8 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 7 . 1 1 07 9 1 2 0 . 1 6 6 6 6 7 4 . 4 2 07 3 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 . 9 5 07 9 2 1 0 . 1 6 6 6 6 7 8 . 3 4 07 8 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 . 9 0 07 9 2 2 0 . 0 6 2 5 0 0 1 2 . 0 3 07 8 2 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 . 5 3 08 11 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 6 . 3 9 08 10 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 . 2 7 - 9 2 7 4 98 11 1 2 0 . 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 . 6 8 08 10 1 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 7 4 - 7 3 6 78 11 2 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 4 0 7 . 3 7 08 10 2 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 4 7 - 1 4 7 3 58 11 2 2 0 . 0 4 0 0 0 5 1 1 . 7 5 . 03 10 2 2 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 2 8 - 2 8 1 99 12 1 1 0 . 2 2 2 2 9 5 5 9 . 6 4 09 12 1 2 0 . 1 6 6 6 9 4 4 . 4 2 09 12 2 1 0 . 0 9 0 9 4 2 8 . 1 1 09 12 2 2 0 . 0 4 0 0 0 5 1 1 . 7 5 0

T O T A L $ 4 0 3 5 9 3 3

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ST1 r 8 8 8 U I1 i 9 1 8 O1 8 1 5 - 0 C M 0 0 0 0 v * 8 x c n1 1 1 8 - 8 O ' f s c r s - r o 1 H O !1 1 8 M 8 ' t f - O C P O i x < r! 1 1 ~ i 8 V O I D i n V O 1 U i _ J1 1 8 « 9 O O O O i i— — iI 8 8 » 8 • • • • 1 x o1 1 8 O ) 1 O O O O 1 » - * ©1 8 8 8 8 «1 8 8 8 1 X1g

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© 0 0 0 0 x " « 0 ' - * 0 x ~ « 0 — <«M— «*Mx-*x-«— « « - « x ~ i 0 0 0 0 Q a 0 0 0 — * 0 — I 0 ' i 0 - ‘ 0 * < 0 » » 0 ' i 0 r t 0 0 0 0 .

r-4 t-h Od CM *r“* CM CM CM CM ■M CM CM CM cm CM CM ^ t—i ■h CM CM CM CM ^ TH th C\j CM o i CM —x -r-H CM CM rJ CM ■h cm CM

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v£>IM

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L $

3404

821

TRACK M A I N T E N A N C E COSTRUN NUMBER i BASE MOD 2DATE : THU, AUG 14 1 9 8 0PLACE : SHAKER RESEARCH CORP.SIMULATION TIME! 1 . 5 0

POPULATION CLASS COMPO- QUALITYIN USE NENT

700.00 1 1 0.0568050.00 1 2 0.04967

100.00 2 1 0.04967150.67 2 2 0.05165

NODE PATH CLASS CQHPO-ONENT

QUALITY PATH FLOWS MILES/YEAR

MAINTENANCEDOLLARS

1 1 1 1 0.056805 799.34 2398021 1 1 2 0.049674 50.00 150001 1 2 1 0.049674 100.00 300001 1 2 2 0.051649 150.67 452012 2 1 1 0.000000 753.93 02 18 1 1 1.000000 45.41 02 2 1 2 0.000000 47.52 02 18 1 2 1.000000 2.48 02 2 2 1 0.000000 95.03 02 18 2 1 1.000000 4.97 02 2 2 2 0.000000 142.89 02 18 2 2 1.0000 0 0 7.78 03 17 1 1 1.000000 3.98 119253 17 1 2 1.000000 0.50 14903 17 2 1 1.000000 0.50 14904 3 1 1 1.000000 49.38 04 3 1 2 1.000000 2.98 04 3 2 1 1.000000 5.46 04 3 2 2 1.000000 7.78 05 5 1 1 1.000000 3 4.36 05 4 1 1 1.000000 15.02 3755325 5 1 2 1.000000 2.48 05 4 1 2 1.000000 o: 50 124185 5 2 1 1.000000 4.97 05 4 2 1 1.000000 0.50 124185 5 2 2 1.000000 7.78 06 6 1 1 0.000000 34.36 6184856 7 1 1 0.500000 68.72 5398006 6 1 2 0.000000 2.48 2135996 7 1 2 0.500000 4.97 34 7 726 6 2 1 0.000000 4.97 . 2235346 7 2 1 0.500000 9.93 1371006 6 2 2 0.000000 7.78 6692466 7 2 2 0.500000 15.56 160 797 9 1 1 0.166667 41.23 07 8 1 1 1.000000 2 7.49 07 9 1 , 2 0.1666 6 7 2.98 07 8 1 2 1.000000 1.99 07 9 2 1 0.16 66 6 7 5.96 07 8 2 1 1.000000 3.97 07 g 2 2 0.062500 8.30 07 8 2 2 . 1 . oooooo 7.26 08 1 1 1 1 0.000040 34.36 08' 10 1 1 1 . OOOOOO 6.87 -687068 11 1 2 0.000040 2.48 08 10 1 2 1 . OOOOOO 0.50 -49668 11 2 1 0.000040 4.97 08 10 2 1 1 . oooooo 0.99 -9 9 328 11 2 2 0.040005 8.11 08 10 2 2 1 . OOOOOO 0.19 -19 45ct 12 1 1 0.304208 4 9.38 09 12 1 2 0.166694 2.98 09 12 2 1 0.090942 5. 46 09 12 2 2 0.040005 8.11 0

TOTAL $ 31 123441-7

TRACK M A I N T E N A N C E COSTRUN NUMBER : BASE MOO 2DATE : THU * AUG 14 1980PLACE : SHAKER RESEARCH CGRP.

SIMULATION TIME: 2.00

POPULATION CLASS COMPO- QUALITYIN USE NENT

700.00 1 1 0.0509450.00 1 2 0.04458100.00 2 1 0.04458150.83 2 2 0.04652NODE PATH CLASS COMPO- QUALITY PATH FLOWS MAINTENANCE

ONE NT MILES/YEAR DOLLARS

1 1 1 1 0.050944, 890.78 2672351 1 1 2 0.044582 50.00 15 0001 1 2 1 0.044582 100.00 30 0 001 1 2 2 0.048516 150.83 452472 2 1 1 0.000000 845.40 02 18 1 1 1.000000 45.38 02 2 1 2 0.000000 47.77 02 18 1 2 i.000000 2.23 02 2 2 1 0.000000 95.54 02 18 2 1 1.000000 4.46 02 2 2 2 0.000000 143.81 02 18 2 2 1.000000 7.02 03 17 1 1 1.000000 3.50 104873 17 1 2 1.000000 0.45 13 373 17 2 1 1.000000 0.45 13374 3 1 1 1.000000 48.88 04 3 1 2 1.000000 2.67 04 3 2 1 1.000000 4.90 04 3 2 2 1.000000 7.02 05 5 1 1 1.000000 33.79 05 4 1 1 1.000000 15.08 3770395 5 1 2 1.000000 2.23 05 4 1 2 1.000000 0.45 111455 5 2 1 1.000000 4.46 05 4 2 1 1.000000 0.45 111455 5 2 2 1.000000 7.02 06 8 1 1 0.000000 33.79 6082936 7 1 1 0.500000 67.59 5309056 6 1 2 0.000000 2.23 1917046 7 1 2 0.500000 4.46 312076 6 2 1 0.000000 4.46 2006216 7 2 1 0.500000 8.92 1230476 8 2 2 0.000000 7.02 6033616 7 2 2 0.500000 14.03 14496t 9 1 1 0. 186667 40.55 07 8 1 1 1 . 000000 27.04 07 9 1 2 0. 1666 6 7 2.67 0? 8 1 2 1.000000 1 . 78 07 9 2 1 0 . 16 6667 5.35 07 8 2 1 1 . 000000 3.57 07 9 2 2 0.062500 7.48 07 8 2 2 1.000000 6.55 08 11 1 1 0.000040 33.80 08 10 1 1 1.000000 6.76 -675743 11 1 & 0.000040 2.23 n8 10 1 2 1.000000 0.45 -44578 11 2 1 0.000040 4.46 08 10 2 1 i.000000 0.89 -89 148 11 2 2 0.040005 7.31 08 10 2 2 1.000000 0. 18 -17 53g 12 1 1 0.308590 43.88 0g 12 1 2 0.166694 2.68 ng 12 2 1 0.090942 4.90 09 12 2 .0.040005 7.31 0

T O T A L $ 2 9 9 0 9 1 41-8

TRACK M A I N T E N A N C E COST SUMMARYRUN NUMBER s BASE MOO 2DATE : THU, AUG 14 1 9 8 0PLACE ! SHAKER RESEARCH CORP.SIMULATION TIME: 2 . 0 0

COSTCODE MAINTENANCECOST31 2 1 2 8 8 1 0 . 4 23 2 3 4 9 6 3 . 7 63 3 0 . 0 03 4 3 9 9 3 3 1 . 1 83 5 - 8 2 7 0 0 . 3 33 6 1 3 1 6 2 . 1 53 7 6 9 9 3 . 1 73 8 1 3 9 8 6 . 4 23 9 0 . 0 04 0 1 3 9 3 6 . 4 241 1 3 9 8 6 . 4 24 2 3 4 5 7 6 . 4 54 3 4 0 6 8 2 5 . 0 94 4 6 9 9 3 . 1 7ANNUAL TOTAL : 2 9 9 0 9 1 4 . 3 1

CLASS MAINTENANCECOST12ANNUAL TOTAL :

1 9 7 2 3 2 4 . 3 4 1 0 1 8 5 8 9 . 9 7 2 9 9 0 9 1 4 . 3 1

COMP- MAINTENANCEONENT COST1 2 0 8 3 6 2 3 . 5 52 9 0 7 2 9 0 . 7 6ANNUAL TOTAL : 2 9 9 0 9 1 4 . 3 1

REPAIR BLOCKBLOCK COST1 2 2 2 0 9 3 8 . 0 7

1-9/1-10

APPENDIX J

Output Costs From Program Run. Example #2

J-l/J-2

PROGRAM REVISION NUMBER : 0 0 0 6 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM NUMBER s 0 0 0 2 DATA FI LE 0 0 2 NUMBER OF TRACK CLASSES 1 NUMBER OF TRACK COMPONENTS : 5 PATHS IN SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM : 5 7 5 NODES IN SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM : 201 TIME SIMULATION BEGINS AT YEAR : 0 . 0 0 TIME SIMULATION ENDS OH YEAR : 0 . 0 0 TIME INCREMENT S I 2 E IN YEARS « 0 . 0 0

WEI BULL DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS. CLASS COMPONENT AVG. AGE BETA C- L I F E

1 1 2 0 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 01 2 2 0 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 01 3 2 0 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 01 4 2 0 . 0 0 2 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 01 5 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0

FUNCTIONS AND SHAPE PARAMETERS ACTIVEPATH FUNC. A B C NO VO

1 TRACK MAINTENANCE COSTRUN NUMBER : BASE MOD 2DATE : TUE, AUG 12 1 9 8 0PLACE : SHAKER RESEARCH CORP.SIMULATION TIME: 0 . 0 0

POPULATION CLASS COMPO- QUALITYIN USE NENT100000.00 1 1 0 . 15000100000.00 1 2 0.04000200000.00 1 3 0.05000

0.00 1 4 0 . 00000200000.00 1 5 0.05000

NODE PATH CLASS COMPO- QUALITY PATH FLOWS MAINTENANCEONENT MILES/YEAR DOLLARS

1 10 1 1 0.150000 10000.00 200002 12 1 1 0.150000 10000.00 20000

J-3

3 14 1 1 0.150000 26667.00 03 14 1 2 0.040000 100000.00 03 14 1 3 0.050000 80000.00 03 14 1 5 0.050000 80000.00 04 16 1 1 0.150000 200000.00 0S 18 1 1 0.150000 200000.00 50000006 20 1 1 0.150000 200000.00 50000007 22 1 1 0.150000 200000.00 50000008 24 1 l 0.150000 200000.00 50000008 26 l 1 0.150000 1000.00 250000001 1 30 1 1 0.150000 200000.00 200000012 50 1 !> 0.055556 9000.00 012 11 1 i 1.000000 1000.00 013 48 1 i 0.055556 9000.00 013 13 1 i 1.000000 1000.00 014 32 1 i 0.145729 199000.00 014 31 1 i 1.000000 1000.00 015 44 1 i 0.145729 199000.00 015 17 1 i 1.000000 1000.00 0i 6 42 1 i 0.145729 199000.00 016 19 1 i 1.000000 1000.00 017 40 1 i 0.145729 199000.00 01? 21 1 i 1.000000 1000.00 018 38 1 i 0.145729 199000.00 018 23 1 i 1.000000 1000.00 018 36 1 i 0.145729 199000.00 018 25 1 i 1.000000 1000.00 0"20 34 1 i 0.000000 850.00 02 0 27 1 i 1.000000 150.00 022 3 5 1 i 1.000000 150.00 023 3 7 1 i 1 .000000 1150.00 024 3 9 1 i 1.000000 2150.00 025 41 1 i 1.000000 3150.00 026 43 1 i 1.000000 4150.00 027 45 1 i 1.000000 5150.00 02 8 46 1 i 0.287584 31817 .00 028 46 1 2 0.040000 100000.00 028 46 1 3 0.050000 80000.00 028 46 1 5 0.050000 80000.00 029 15 1 1 1 . 000000 9150.00 02 9 52 1 1 . 0.000002 22667.00 029 15 1 2 1.000000 4000.00 029 52 1 . 2 0.000000 96000.00 029 1 5 1 3 1 . 000000 4 0 00.0 0 02 9 52 1 3 0 . 000000 76000.00 029 15 1 5 • 1 . 000000 4000 . 00 029 52 1 5 0 . 000000 76000.00 03 0 47 1 1 1 . 000000 2000.00 031 49 1 1 1 . 000000 11150.00 031 49 1 2 1.000000 4 0 00.0 0 0

• 313 i 4 9 4 9

11

3s 1.000000 1 n n n n n n ■ 4000.00

4-fi-fm— fifi----------0

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3 2 61 1 1 1 . 000 0 00 10000.00 032 30 0 1 1 1 . 000 0 00 1 1 50 . 0 0 0

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APPENDIX K

TRACK COST MODEL MAINTENANCE ACTION DIAGRAMSThis appendix contains drawings of all the maintenance action diagrams used for showing examples of the simulation cost methodology. Figure K-l is a simplified maintenance action diagram for example run number 1. This diagram is to be used along with the input and output data of Appendices G and 1, respectively. The costs in Appendices G and I are keyed to the path numbers shown in this Figure K-l.

Figure K-2 is a full maintenance action diagram for example run number 2.This diagram has twenty (20) separate maintenance repair blocks which are individually drawn out, numbered, and shown in Figures K-4 through K-24 of this appendix. Figure K-3 is a blank repair block numbering sheet which can be used to renumber or add paths to the existing diagram as shown in Figure K-2 if needed in the future.

K-l

N.

INDICATES NODE BY (N ) N U M B E R -IN -C IR C LE ------- ------ "— ► -S M A L L NUMBERS (n )

ARE PATH N U M B E R S

FIGURE K-l. TRACK IN USE, SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM NUMBER 0001

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APPENDIX LL

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REPORT OF NEW TECHNOLOGY

The work described in this report concerns the application of a methodology, the simulation cost model (SCM), to the economic aspects of maintaining and/or laying of rail, ties, and ballast. Because the work was not concerned with devices, testing* or construction, no inventions were developed. However, the work did result in a methodology which can be applied to economic systems beyond those associated with a single track maintenance system. Given the proper input data most any track maintenance operation can be modeled and simulated by the computer program developed. Alternate systems most appropriately treated by the SCM consist mainly of large sets of individual components. The SCM methodology requires the user to draw a maintenance action diagram and provide an initial set of input data for its paths before running the computer program to obtain a cost simulation output. The output includes a quantitative description of current (present time) annual system operation costs and indicates quantitatively the most costly portions of the system as well as provides a projection of future system operating costs.

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m55 copies

L-l/L-2

User's Guide for A Computerized Track Maintenance Simulation Cost Methodology (Final Report), 1982US DOT, FRA, Richard L smith, Allan I Krauter, Joseph Betor

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U.S. Departmentof TransportationResearch and Special Programs AdministrationKendall SquareCambridge, Massachusetts 02142

Ollicial Business Penally lor Private Use $300

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Postage and Fees Paid Research and Special Programs Administration DOT S13

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User's Guide For a Computerized Track Maintenance