Untitled - Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

Shristi Urban Infrastructure Development Ltd. Prithvipur (Tikamgarh)

DISCLAIMER

The City Development Plan is a recommendatory report prepared by Shristi Urban Infrastructure Development

Ltd. in accordance with the Terms of Reference of the agreement with UADD, Govt. of MP. The analysis and

outcome of this report is based on stakeholder feedback and data furnished by the ULB. Based on prima facie

observation, we can assume that the facts and the data provided by the ULB are true and correct and we have

no reason to believe otherwise. However, Shristi Urban Infrastructure Development Ltd have neither verified

the data independently, nor conducted any field surveys and audits with the purpose of data verification, and

shall not be responsible for any inaccuracy or shortcomings in the data represented in the report or any errors

resulting from erroneous or incomplete data.

SWOT analysis, sector strategies & action plan and other subjective remarks and conclusions included in this

document represent only our standpoint based on the consultative process carried out with various

stakeholders. All calculations and estimates are preliminary in nature and serve to identify areas of investment

and make budgetary allocations only. They are NOT suitable for executive purposes. All projections including

the Investment Plan are subject to contingencies which may be suitably assumed while preparing detailed

project reports.

Shristi Urban Infrastructure Development Ltd assumes no liability, whatsoever, for any losses or damages

incurred by the ULB or any stakeholder. All references to this document must include this disclaimer.


City Profile

CompanyName Shristi Urban Infrastructure Development

Ltd.

ULB Name Prithvipur

Whether the Sectoral Analysis report is as per UADD requisites

Yes

Tow

n B

rief

Geographical location (Town) Latitude 25⁰11

Longitude 78⁰39

Average rainfall (annual) MM 832

Height above mean sea level Mts 290

Municipal area (1991) Sq kms 0.54



Date of Constitution of ULB Date 30th January 1979

Popula

tion

Population Year 1981 (under Municipal boundary only)

Town level

12163


17020


22535


26883

Name of Population projection Method

Assumed Growth Rate

Projected population adopted Year 2015

29034


34840


40066

Land U

se

Land Use % Standard (as

per UDPFI) Land use (Tentative

in Sq kms ) Land use (Tentative in

percentage)

Residential 40-45 1.69 44.00

Commercial 2-3 0.08 2.00

Public - semi public 6-8 0.16 4.00

Agriculture Balance 0.67 28.00

Industrial 8-10 0 0.00

Roads 10-12 0.29 8.00

Green area Balance 0 0.00

Sensitive - 0 0.00

Water bodies Balance 0.51 14.00

Total 100 3.4 100.00


City Profile (Ward Wise)

Ward # Ward 1 Ward 2

Ward 3 Ward 4

Ward 5 Ward 6

Ward 7 Ward 8 Ward 9

Ward 10

Ward 11

Ward 12

Ward 13

Ward 14

Ward 15

Total

Name of ward Chandra shakhar

Ajad

Ward

Nehru Ward

Maharani Lakshmi

Bai Ward

Hardol Ward

Ramraja Ward

Molana Abdul

Kalam

Ward

Dr. Bheemrao

Ambedkar

Ward

Subhash Ward

Indra Gandhi

Ward

Dr. Ram Manohar

Lohiya

Ward

Shivaji Ward

Amar singh

Rathor

Ward

Sanjay Gandhi

Ward

Lal Bahadur

Shashtri

Ward

Rajeev Gandhi

Ward

Ward Population (2001)

1803 1655 1734 1591 1175 1276 1306 1248 1476 2019 1548 1197 1480 1592 1435 22535

Area (Sqkm) 1.6 1.2 0.9 0.27 0.26 0.12 0.1 0.1 0.73 1.73 2.86 1.33 3.36 1.66 2.57 18.79

Density (PPSqkm) 1127 1379 1927 5893 4519 10633 13060 12480 2022 1167 541 900 440 959 558 1199.3

Male(2001) 979 878 922 833 640 655 650 665 754 1085 833 636 770 823 770 11893

Female(2001) 824 777 812 758 535 621 656 583 722 934 715 561 710 769 665 10642

SC 141 293 626 631 899 44 1062 46 197 315 120 710 100 80 239 5503

ST 42 89 50 0 0 0 0 1 10 13 43 0 30 0 16 294

BPL(2011) 120 125 96 157 235 48 145 78 143 316 254 173 247 241 261 2639

Sex ratio 842 885 881 910 836 948 1009 877 958 861 858 882 922 934 864

Literacy rate (%) 77.6 69.1 78.7 67.6 66.6 89.7 65 86.3 54.8 39.9 30.7 70.4 47.9 27.9 47.9

No. of Primary schools

1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 14

No. of Primary Health Centre

0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

No. of Households 328 301 315 289 214 232 237 227 268 367 281 218 269 289 261 4097

Primary occupation

(Majority)

Farming

Seconday occupation

Trading

Tertiary occupation

Labours

No. of SS/LS industrial units

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

No. of Commercial establishments

NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA


No. of Slum pockets

0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1

Slum population 0 0 0 636 470 0 0 0 0 0 0 958 1184 1274 1148 5670

No. of Slum Households

0 0 0 116 85 0 0 0 0 0 0 174 215 232 209 1031

No. of Individual water connections in the ward

34 112 65 102 26 168 19 129 68 72 38 36 0 0 0 869

No. of Community water connections

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 6 67

No. of Commercial water connections

0 2 3 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9

No. of Tubewells 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 0 0 2 8

No. of Handpumps 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 180

No. of OHTs 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2

% Coverage of piped water supply

10 37 21 35 12 72 8 57 25 20 14 17 0 0 0 22

No. of Individual

Toilets 229 211 221 202 150 162 166 159 188 257 28 22 27 29 26 2077

No. of Individual Septic tanks

229 211 221 202 150 162 166 159 188 257 28 22 27 29 26 2077

No. of Community Septic tanks

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

No. of Community toilets

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

% of population - Open defecation

30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 90 90 90 90 90 49

No. of Dust bins 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 24

Wardwise Waste generated (Kgs)

0.45 0.41 0.43 0.40 0.29 0.32 0.33 0.31 0.37 0.50 0.39 0.30 0.37 0.40 0.36 5.6

Road sweeping (1 time or 2 times)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15

Total no. of sanitary workers in the ward

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 56

Length of Pucca road (Mts)

2900 1300 1100 800 600 700 1400 900 700 1500 2900 2000 400 1300 1500 20000


Length of Kuccha road (Mts)

1800 1000 3000 400 300 200 300 200 500 300 700 900 3000 1000 1400 15000

Length of State Highway

0 0

Length of National Highway

3000 3000

Length of Road side drains Pucca (Mts)

2320 1040 880 640 480 560 1120 720 560 1200 2320 1600 320 1040 1200 16000

Length of Natural drains (Nallah) Pucca/Channelized (Mts)

3000 3000

Length of Natural drains (Nallah) Kuttcha (Mts)

2000 2000

No. of Streetlights 31 48 51 35 22 28 21 20 51 51 84 24 60 66 70 662

No. of Electricity connections

NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Bus stop (No.) 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Bus stand(No.) 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Parks (No.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Playground(No.) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1


Slums and Urban Poor

Ward No

Name of

Slum pocket

/ reference

name

Notified/ Un-

notified

Ward populatio

n

Slum populatio

n

Slum populatio

n hh

Individual water

connections

No. of Community taps

No. of Handpum

ps

No. of Individual toilets

No. of Community toilets

No. of Pucca house

s

No. of Semi pucca house

s

No. of Kucch

a house

s

No. of Primar

y school in the slum

pocket

No. of Primar

y Health centres in the

slum pocket

4 Notified 1591 636 116 30 4 12 35 0 35 40 40 1 0

5 Notified 1175 470 85 0 4 12 26 0 26 30 30 1 0

12 zer Notified 1197 958 174 16 5 12 17 0 26 44 104 1 0

13 Nayakeda

Notified 1480 1184 215 0 6 12 22 0 32 54 129 1 0

14 Bindpu

ra Notified 1592 1274 232 0 6 12 23 0 35 58 139 1 0

15 Kargu

a Notified 1435 1148 209 0 6 12 21 0 31 52 125 1 0


Sectoral Analysis Physic

al In

frastr

uctu

re

Wate

r Supply

Existing Source

Source Tubewell Well River/Lake

No. of Tubewell / River / Well 8 2 Radha sagar Talab, &

Jer Talab

Water Supplied by Tubewell / River / Well in MLD

0.2 0.1 0

Total water supply in the town (MLD) 0.3

Existing Supply rate (LPCD) considering distribution losses 70

Water Charges per household per month (Rs.) Flat/Metered 30 (Flat)

% Coverage under paid water supply 22

Whether any treatment plant exists (Y/N),If yes mention capacity (MLD) N

Proposed source (Surface) Jamuni River

Sew

era

ge

Total sewage generation (MLD) 0.24

Whether any treatment plant exists (Y/N),If yes mention capacity No

Total no. of individual septic tanks 2077

Total no. of community septic tanks 0

Total no. of Sewage/Mud pumps available with the ULB 0

Frequency of Cleaning Individual Septic tanks As required

Frequency of Cleaning Community Septic tanks As required

Dra

inage

Name of natural nallah (Storm water drain) no name

Length of natural nallah (Storm water drain) Kms 5

Ultimate disposal point of nallah Jamuni river

Length of road side drain (Kms) 16

Coverage of road side drainage w.r.t roads (%) 80

Ultimate disposal point of Road side drains Nallah

Any treatment plant/procedure adopted Chemical Spray

practiced

SW

M

Per capita Solid waste generation (Considering Standards) (in gms) 250

Total SW generation (in Tons) 5.60

Frequency of SW collection by the ULB (1 time per day/2 times per day) 1

Collection efficiency of the ULB (%) 55

Any initiative for DTDC (Yes /No) No

Any initiative for scientific disposal of waste No

Name of dumping/ landfill site Trenching ground

Is the existing site Dumping site or allotted site for Scientific disposal Allotted site

Area of allotted landfill site for Scientific disposal 5 he


Distance of the Dumping site/landfill site from main settlement area (Kms)

3

No. of Tractor trolleys/vehicles available with the ULB for carrying Solid waste to the LF site

2 Tractor Trolleys

If site for Scientific disposal is not allotted then whether formally

requested by the ULB

Physic

al In

frastr

uctu

re

Roads

Name of National Highway passing from or nearby from the town (NH-XYZ)

NH-12A

Distance of National Highway if nearby from the town (NH-XYZ) in Kms 0

Name of State Highway passing from or nearby from the town (SH-XYZ) SH-37

Distance of State Highway if nearby from the town (SH-XYZ) in Kms 0

Total length of Pucca roads (Kms)

CC 11

WBM 0

Total (kms) 11

Total length of Kuccha roads (kms) (kms) 15

Gap w.r.t Standards (kms) 12.5

Tra

ffic

& t

ransport

ation

Total no. of vehicles in the town

Bus stand (yes/No) 1

Any intracity mass transport mode (yes/no) NO No

Name of locations facing major traffic issues

1 Fawbara chowk

2 Jeron khalsa tigela

3 Teharka Road

Str

eet

lighting

Total no. of street lights 662

No. of Streetlights under working condition 497

No. of Streetlights having Tubes 0

No. of Streetlights having CFL 0

No. of Streetlights having Incandescent bulbs 0

No. of Streetlights having LED (SVL) 497

No. of Streetlights having LPS 0

Pow

er

Location of Substation http://www.mptransco.nic.in

400 KV Bina

220KV Tikamgarh

132KV Prithvipur

Herita

ge &

tourism

H

er

ita

ge

&

tou

ris

m

Name of Heritage site/s

Environm

ent

Name of River/Lake/Forest range/Any specific species Radha sagar Talab, &

Jer Talab

Prevailing Environmental Act/s 0

Areas facing threats 0

Socia

l

Infr

ast

ructu

re

Health

No. of Primary Health centres/Dispensary 1


No. of Hospitals

Government 1

Beds 30

Private 0

Beds 0

Multispeciality hospital if any (Y/N) no No

Name of Nearby town reffered for Treatment Name of town Tikamgarh

Distance (Kms) 57

Education No. of Primary schools 14

No. of Secondary/High schools 4

No. of Colleges 1

No. of ITI 1

Municipal Finances

Year 2005-

06

2006-

07

2007-

08

2008-

09

2009-

10

2010-

11

Revenue I

ncom

e

Tax Revenue

2.1 5.6 95.7

Non Tax Revenue

33.5 19.1 76.1

Assigned Revenue and Compensations

115.9 138.9 127.4

Revenue Grants, Contributions and

Subsidies

30.0 25.3 24.5

Extra ordinary (Advances, investment

and deposits)

5.7 10.9 10.5

Total Revenue Income

187.2 199.0 334.5

Capital In

com

e

Income from sale of asset

- - -

Loans

5.0 - -

Grants & Contributions

154.0 150.4 144.9

Public Contribution

- - -

Other Capital income

- 0.4 -

Other contributions

- - -

total capital income

159 150.8 145

Revenue E

xpenditure

Salaries/ Wages & Allowances

77.9 55.4 76.2

Administrative Expenses

10.5 4.1 4.5

Operation & Maintenance

84.3 51.0 71.3

Programme Expenses

14.0 6.1 4.6

Repayment of Loans

8.0 - 1.1

Other Miscellaneous expenditure

32.5 2.2 2.1

Deposit Works

4.0 9.6 2.5

Loans & Advances to Employees

2.5 0.2 0.6


others

14.0 10.1 3.7

Total Revenue Expenditure

247.6 138.8 166.8

Capital Expenditure

Capital work in progress

220.4 104.4 118.6

Swarna Jayanti Yojna

- - -

MLA Fund / Parliament Fund and Town

Municipal Beautification (UIDSSMT)

- - -

B.R.G.F. / Ayodhya Basti

- - -

IDSMT

- - -

Reserve funds

- - -

Purchase of fixed assets

0.3 0.3 0.1

Other expenses

- - -

Total Capital Expenditure

220.7 104.7 118.7

Total Income

346.2 349.8 479.5

Total Expenditure

468.3 243.5 285.5


i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

THE CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN UNDER UADD

Madhya Pradesh is urbanizing at a rapid rate and the Urban Local Bodies of the

state are facing the challenge of meeting the requirements of the growing

population with limited technical and financial resources. With the enactment of

the 74th constitutional Amendment act, major urban related tasks have been

transferred to Local Bodies. The Government of Madhya Pradesh (GoMp)

through its Urban Administration Department (UADD) is Responsible for

overseeing urban sector reforms, in terms of capital investment in basic

infrastructure for the Urban Local Bodies (ULB‘s). The UADD is also responsible

for implementation of various Public welfare Schemes sponsored by the central

and the state Government.

CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN – THE PROCESS

The aim of this exercise is to support various Cities/Urban Local Bodies of

Madhya Pradesh in preparing the city Development Plan (CDP) for their

respective cities. The CDP Should provide a comprehensive medium strategy

(Vision 2035) as well as City Investment Plan (CIP), based on which the

concerned ULB will be able to access funds under GoI/GoMP Schemes as well

as from own and other sources based on priority actions and projects identified

in the CDP. The document should also provide Financial Operating Plan to

direct the ULB‘s for mobilising various financial resources to implement the

identified projects. The projects that qualify under this scheme include sub-

sectors of water supply, sewerage and sanitation, drainage, solid waste

management, roads, Traffic Management, Street Lighting, Urban renewal,

Tourism and Heritage Conservation, Basic services for Urban Poor, Social

Infrastructure, Environment and Municipal Governance. An important and

essential component of the CDP preparation process is stakeholder‘s

consultation. In order to effectively capture the needs and priorities of the

stakeholders, a stage wise Consultation process was adopted.

THE STATUS- CITY SWOT

A city level SWOT analysis has been done based on an assessment of the

status of various sectors of the city. These include the following

STRENGTHS

The location of Prithvipur has direct connectivity with Jhansi, Tikamgarh,

Orchha and Gwalior.

Well connected with rest of the state through road network.

One of the major centres for distribution for agricultural produce in the

region.

Presence of large number of lakes and water bodies in and around the city.


ii

Availability of large work force in the city

The city serves as a market centre for nearby small towns

Ample availability of land for development

Passionate involvement of the city residents for the betterment of their

city in many ways.

Good political will conducive for the development of the city.

Fundamental change in the mindset of people switching from traditional

family owned businesses to newer sectors reflects the eagerness to pursue

newer professions.

WEAKNESS

The major weaknesses for the city include infrastructure, Urban Growth,

Conservation, environment, Slums and institutional capacity. These include:

Absence of perennial source of water.

Lack of physical infrastructure such as street lighting, walkways, roads,

public toilets etc leads to poor quality of life in the city.

Absence of sewage disposal network and solid waste management system

in the city leads to serious health risks and environmental degradation.

Lack of socio-cultural, recreational spaces in the city.

Lack of active recreational spaces in the city for youngsters.

Poor status of traffic with narrow roads and encroachments causing

congestion.

Poor and unhygienic condition of slums

Vacant top positions in the institutional framework of Nagar Parishad,

leads to lower work efficiency of the offices.

A mismatch between post of an official and his/her responsibilities within

the Nagar Parishad also adds limited technical and administrative

capability of the municipal authorities.

Lack of jobs for graduates in the city.

OPPORTUNITIES

Promote the city as an agro based industrial centre with processing plants

since there is absence of any such large scale industry in the region.

Residents willing to pay for better services in the city, encouraging Public-

Private Partnership model for infrastructure development.


iii

Small distances within the city due to its small size, enables development

of newer, cheaper means of public transportation (eg. Solar hand

rickshaws)

Encourage innovative environment friendly measures : rainwater

harvesting, watershed development, maximize delivery and minimize

waste of water

Govt. proposed programmes such as CMUIDS, under review.

Potential for diversification of economic sector.

THREATS

Lack of sewage and solid waste management systems poses great threat

to the environment.

Lack of physical infrastructure : could hamper long term economic growth

prospects

Lack of desire of skilled workforce to stay in the city.

Competing cities for economic investments in the vicinity

Threat of loss and deterioration of natural and heritage attractions : due to

lack of awareness and proper documentation on heritage conservation

DISCUSSION/ CONS ULTATION WITH KEY STAKEHOLDERS

The objective of the stakeholder‘s consultation was to ensure that the CDP

reflects ground realities and the needs of the peoples as articulated by them

are incorporated in the CDP. For this Purpose the methodology adopted was as

follows

After identification of stakeholders, consultation was carried out to make them

aware of the cities development plan, city‘s vision and strategy. Besides

carrying out discussion with the official, discussions with the stakeholders such

as community organizations, trade associations etc were also carried out to

find their roles in the city development, know their perception about the city

vision and develop a set of mission statements during different stages of the

projects. The consultative process through stakeholder‘s consultations formed

an integral part of the City Development Plan.

Based on the outcomes of the city assessment and discussions with various

stakeholders, a city vision was developed, which provided the direction of

change with a specific timeframe, to guide the future development of the city.

FORMULATION OF CITY VISION

As the town of Prithvipur grows at a fast pace, it shall effectively plan and

manage growth, addressing its present issues and facilitating a vibrant future.

The inhabitants of the city treasures their town and look forward for the


iv

opportunities for its growth and development. The city vision brings out clearly

the need of the people to break out of the ordinary and to achieve an improved

quality of life. The vision also represents the views/issues of all the

stakeholders. This also means that the people are on the lookout for fresh

opportunities that are not far away if only some issues of the city are ironed

out effectively. While the poor were focused on their immediate issues of

access to basic services, the traders wanted the city to have a greater

economic vibrancy. Provision of sustainable infrastructure and efficient city

management came across as a vision of nearly all the stakeholders.

“To transform Prithvipur as a regional economic hub by promoting its strong agro-

economy and providing basic amenities to its citizens.”

Table Showing Sectoral Goals and their Implementation Strategies for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

SECTOR GOAL OBJECTIVES

WA

TER

SU

PP

LY

To achieve 100%

population coverage

and ensure access to

safe, adequate and

equitable drinking

water supply for all

Preparing a regional water scheme on River Betwa which is at

a distance of about 15 Kms from the town, including

Prithvipur, Prithvipur and Jeron Khalsa.

Or

Preparing a water augmentation scheme for Prithvipur on

River Jamini which is at a distance of 3 kms from the town to

the meet the specific requirements of the town.

Revitalizing existing ponds like that of Rada Sagar, Jer Talab,

Goili Talaab and Rotela Talab present in and around the city.

These can immensely enhance the ground water recharge

system of the area.

Creation of artificial surface water bodies by following the

natural drainage pattern of the city.

Construction of 3 new OHTs of 400 Kl at Janpad Govt. School,

Near Veterinary Hospital and Bhed Farm.

Construction of new distribution network of 8.8 kms to serve

requirement till 2015.

Installation of pressure gauges and precision meters to

measure water usage

SA

NITA

TIO

N

To provide healthy

and environmental

system of sewerage

and sanitation for

entire population

Construction of Proposed 1100 individual Toilets with

Decentralized Waste water Treatment System (DEWATS)

Ensuring effective implementation of ongoing ILCS program

Provision of Public Toilets on Pay and Use basis in Market

Areas and other public places.

Ensuring effective O & M through involving Public Private

Partnership


v

SO

LID

WA

STE

MA

NA

GEM

EN

T

To ensure scientific

and environmentally

safe solid waste

management system

fora healthy and

clean city for future

Use P-P-P for collection, disposal, sorting and recycling of

waste and collection of revenue.

Upgrade existing vehicular fleet (Tractor Carrier Containers)

and personnel strength

Pass resolution to make systematic disposal mandatory for

citizens.

Prohibit the use of polythene (less than 20 microns)

Installing decentralized vermin compost for biodegradable

wastes with 3MT capacity.

EN

VIR

ON

MEN

T

To upgrade the city

environment for a

better quality of life

and safe future for

inhabitants

Initiate measures like Rain-water harvesting and ground water

recharge at macro and micro level

To envision a green city future for Prithvipur and resolve to

achieve the same

To ensure strict enforcement of pollution norms for air, water,

soil and noise levels.

Conservation of water-bodies(Up gradation of existing Nallah

for the stretch of 4 Km.), green pockets, landscape features

and natural drainage

TR

AN

SP

OR

TA

TIO

N

To ensure easy and

safe accessibility

through cost

effective public

transportation and

good quality roads

for vehicular and

pedestrian use

Construction of additional 10.4 Kms of roads by 2015

Converting 15 kms of kutcha roads in to pukka surface by

2015

Construction of a by-pass on Orchaa Road.

Installing a traffic management plan which may be revised

every year and every six months later which includes a layout

for traffic signals, one-way routes, no entry zones, etc.

Construction of parking lots near public places, market areas

etc.

EC

ON

OM

IC

GR

OW

TH

Diversification and

augmentation of

economic base of

city of Prithvipur by

creating new

avenues for

employment

Development of Agro Based Small Scale Industries.

Development of Krishi Upaj Mandi with required infrastructure

and information centre for farmers


vi

ED

UC

ATIO

N

To ensure social

equality and

economic growth by

imparting quality

education

Expansion of courses and intake capacity of vocational college

Provision of primary and secondary education facilities from

the Nagar Parishad thereby increasing the literacy rate of the

city.

Introduction of industry sponsored programs for specific

industry requirements.

Expansion of vocational training platforms, Constructing TTI in

the region.

Development of agriculture training institute

HEA

LTH

To provide better

healthcare to all

Augmentation of medical facilities Clear encroachment and

improve accessibility

Setting up of action group for disease prevention.

Employing P-P-P in hospital management to ensure better

service delivery

SO

CIA

L

IN

FR

AS

TR

UC

TU

R

E

To improve the

physical and mental

well being

Up gradation of community halls

Provision for recreation spaces.

Construction of Playground

Construction of Public Library.

Upgrading facilities for weekly market

Construction of Hawkers zone

CITY INVESTMENT PLAN

Based on the analysis carried out and the issues identified, specific projects

were conceptualised. A city investment plan provided the estimate of the level

of investment which is required at the city level to implement the City

Development Plan. The assessment of the financial status of municipal bodies

and other financial institutions were also carried out to determine their

creditworthiness to provide for identified reforms/projects/programmes.

Table showing sector wise % breakup of total investment required.

S.NO. SECTORS AMOUNT(in Lacs) Percentage

1 Water Supply 2349.03 15.94

2 Sewerage 2305.14 15.64

3 Storm Water 1462.48 9.92

4 Solid Waste Management 126.45 0.86

5 Roads 3105.97 21.08

6 Traffic Management, Streetlights And Transport

Nagar

390.13 2.65

Streetlights And Firefighting 1106.29 7.51


vii

17%

16%

10%

1%

22%

3%

8%

5%

1% 10%

1%1%3%2%

SECTORWISE % FOR REQUIRED INVESTMENTWATER SUPPLY

SEWERAGE

STORM WATER

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

ROADS

TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, STREETLIGHTS AND TRANSPORT NAGARSTREETLIGHTS AND FIREFIGHTING

HERITAGE AND TOURISM

ECONOMY

BASIC SERVICES FOR URBAN POORS

Chart showing sector wise % breakup of total investment required

CAPITAL INVESTMENT NEEDS

The summary of sector-wise investment requirement is given in the table

below. The total investment required would be around Rs. 147.37Crore for the

City Development- Prithvipur for a period of 25 years

Phase wise Investment needed.

S.No Sector of Investment Investment

by 2015

(In Crore)

Investment by

2025

(In Crore)

Investment by

2035

(In Crore)

Total

Investment

(In Crore)

1 Water Supply 12.41 7.50 3.58 23.49

2 Sewerage 9.56 12.23 1.26 23.05

3 Storm Water Drainage 2.15 7.90 4.57 14.62

4 Solid Waste Management 1.07 0.08 0.12 1.26

5 Roads 7.15 13.87 10.04 31.06

6 Traffic & Transportation 2.55 1.35 0.00 3.90

7 Fire Fighting & Street Lighting 2.10 5.20 3.77 11.06

8 Basic Services for Urban Poor 13.56 0.00 0.00 13.56

7 Heritage And Tourism 734.09 4.98

8 Economy 598.00 4.06

9 Basic Services For Urban Poor‘s 1356.19 9.20

10 Environment 104.43 0.71

11 Municipal Governance 158.23 1.07

12 Social Infrastructure 653.17 4.43

13 Urban Renewal 287.34 1.95

Total 14736.94 100.00

javascript:__doPostBack('ctl00$CPHMaster$GVCIP','Select$0')









viii

9 Environment 1.04 0.00 0.00 1.04

10 Urban Governance 1.28 0.17 0.14 1.58

11 Heritage & Tourism 6.50 0.84 0.00 7.34

12 Social Infrastructure & Other

Projects (Education & Health)

4.00 2.53 0.00 6.53

13 Urban Renewal 2.03 0.84 0.00 2.87

14 Economy 1.39 2.53 2.06 5.98

66.79 55.04 25.54 147.37

The share of different sectors of the total city investment is as shown in the

figure above. It shows that almost three fourth of the around 68.55 % would

be going toward infrastructure services like water Supply, Sewerage and

Sanitation and Roads. The other major sectors are basic services for urban

Poor and Economy. The other sectors like Solid Waste Management, Social

infrastructure, Urban Renewal, Municipal Governance, Environment, Street

lights and fire Fighting are not very capital investment and can be dealt with

comparatively less capital investment.








ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1

1.1 OVERVIEW OF URBANIZATION IN MADHYA PRADESH ................................................. 1

1.2 UADD‘S INITIATIVE FOR CDP PREPARATION .......................................................... 2

1.3 INTRODUCTION ABOUT CDP ............................................................................. 2

1.3.1 Preparation of CDP ................................................................................. 2

1.4 SCOPE OF THE WORK ..................................................................................... 3

1.5 THE PROCESS/METHODOLOGY .......................................................................... 4

1.6 KEY STEPS INVOLVED IN CDP PREPARATION .......................................................... 5

1.7 STAKEHOLDER‘S CONSULTATION ........................................................................ 6

1.7.1 Discussion / Consultations with key stakeholders ....................................... 6

1.7.2 Summary of the key issues identified and their solutions proposed by the

stakeholders ................................................................................................... 8

2 CITY LOCATION AND REGIONAL CONTEXT ............................. 10

2.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 10

2.1.1 Bundelkhand Region ............................................................................. 10

2.2 PRITHVIPUR NAGAR PARISHAD ........................................................................ 10

2.3 REGIONAL SETTING ..................................................................................... 11

2.4 DISTRICT PROFILE TIKAMGARH........................................................................ 11

2.5 GENERAL PHYSICAL FEATURES ........................................................................ 12

2.5.1 River System ....................................................................................... 12

2.5.2 Geo-Hydrology .................................................................................... 12

2.5.3 Climate ............................................................................................... 12

2.5.4 Rainfall ............................................................................................... 12

2.5.5 Temperature &Humidity ........................................................................ 13

3 SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE .................................... 14

3.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 14

3.2 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS ................................................................................ 14

3.3 POPULATION PROJECTION .............................................................................. 15

3.3.1 Decadal population growth trend – Madhya Pradesh vs India ..................... 15

3.3.2 Population projection for Prithvipur ........................................................ 16

3.4 LITERACY ................................................................................................. 18

3.5 SOCIAL STRUCTURE ..................................................................................... 18

3.6 SEX RATIO ............................................................................................... 19


x

3.7 WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION .......................................................................... 20

3.8 OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE ........................................................................... 21

4 URBAN GROWTH MANAGEMENT ............................................. 26

4.1 EXISTING LANDUSE ..................................................................................... 26

4.1.1 Housing .............................................................................................. 26

4.1.2 Residential density ............................................................................... 27

4.1.3 Commercial ......................................................................................... 27

4.1.4 Public-Semi Public ................................................................................ 27

4.1.5 Traffic and Transportation ..................................................................... 27

4.2 SPATIAL GROWTH DIRECTION ......................................................................... 27

4.3 FUTURE GROWTH DIRECTIONS ........................................................................ 28

4.4 HOUSING TYPOLOGY & PATTERN ...................................................................... 29

4.4.1 Attached Mixed Use Units ...................................................................... 29

4.4.2 Attached Housing in Residential Clusters: ............................................... 29

4.4.3 Kuchha Houses: ................................................................................... 30

4.5 PROPOSED LANDUSE .................................................................................... 30

4.6 ISSUES AND STRATEGIES .............................................................................. 31

5 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CITY

VISION ........................................................................................ 33

5.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................ 33

5.2 ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN PREPARATION OF CDP ................................................ 33

5.3 ORIENTATION OF THE KEY STAKEHOLDERS .......................................................... 34

5.3.1 Discussion / Consultations with key stakeholders ..................................... 35

5.4 SWOT ANALYSIS ....................................................................................... 36

5.5 VISION .................................................................................................... 38

5.6 SECTOR GOALS .......................................................................................... 38

6 URBAN SERVICES ................................................................... 42

6.1 WATER SUPPLY .......................................................................................... 42

6.1.1 Existing Situation ................................................................................. 42

6.1.2 Water Treatment, Storage and Distribution ............................................. 43

6.1.3 Distribution System .............................................................................. 44

6.1.4 Demand-Gap Analysis .......................................................................... 45

6.1.5 Issues/Goals and Objectives/Development Strategies ............................... 46

6.1.6 Recommendations to improve water supply services in Prithvipur .............. 47

6.2 SEWERAGE AND STORM WATER DRAINAGE .......................................................... 50


xi

6.2.1 Existing Sewerage and Sanitation .......................................................... 50

6.2.2 Existing situation for Toilets .................................................................. 51

6.2.3 CPHEEO Guidelines .............................................................................. 51

6.2.4 Demand and Gap Analysis ..................................................................... 51

6.2.5 Issues/Goals and Objectives/ Development Strategies .............................. 52

6.2.6 Recommendation to improve Sanitation services ...................................... 53

6.3 STORM WATER DRAINAGE ............................................................................. 56

6.3.1 Demand & Gap for Storm Water ............................................................ 57

6.3.2 Issues/Goals and Objectives/ Development Strategies .............................. 57

6.4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT .......................................................................... 58

6.4.1 Quantity of Solid Waste ........................................................................ 58

6.4.2 Present practice of Solid Waste Management ........................................... 58

6.4.3 Demand Gap Analysis ........................................................................... 60

6.4.4 Issues/Goal/Objectives/Strategies and Action Plan ................................... 60

6.4.5 Few Recommendation for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad to improve Solid Waste

Management in the city ................................................................................. 61

6.5 ROADS AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT .................................................................. 63

6.5.1 Connectivity of Prithvipur ...................................................................... 63

6.5.2 Road Network ...................................................................................... 64

6.5.3 Highly congested parts of town .............................................................. 65

6.5.4 Bus Stand ........................................................................................... 65

6.5.5 Demand and Gap Analysis: ................................................................... 65

6.5.6 Issues/ Goal/Objectives/Strategies and Action Plan .................................. 66

7 SLUMS AND POVERTY ............................................................. 67

7.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................ 67

7.2 CONCERNED INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN MADHYA PRADESH .............................. 67

7.3 SLUM PROFILE OF THE CITY ............................................................................ 68

7.4 POVERTY .................................................................................................. 68

7.5 STATUS OF SERVICES SLUMS IN PRITHVIPUR ....................................................... 69

7.5.1 Density and Open Space ....................................................................... 69

7.5.2 Housing .............................................................................................. 69

7.5.3 Roads ................................................................................................. 70

7.5.4 Water ................................................................................................. 70

7.5.5 Sanitation- Toilets Drains and Sewerage ................................................. 70

7.5.6 Garbage ............................................................................................. 71

7.5.7 Land Tenure ........................................................................................ 71

7.6 ISSUES/GOAL/OBJECTIVES/STRATEGIES AND ACTION PLAN ..................................... 71


xii

8 HERITAGE CONSERVATION AND TOURISM ............................. 73

8.1 HERITAGE STRUCTURES ................................................................................ 73

8.2 EXISTING HERITAGE REGULATIONS ................................................................... 73

8.3 POTENTIAL FOR TOURISM .............................................................................. 73


9 ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................... 76

9.1 DISTRICT AT A GLANCE ................................................................................. 76

9.1.1 Flora & Fauna ...................................................................................... 76

9.1.2 Ground Water Development .................................................................. 77

9.1.3 Land Use in Tikamgarh and rest of MP Bundelkhand Region ...................... 78

9.1.4 Soil Types in Tikamgarh District ............................................................. 79

9.1.5 Groundwater Use in Tikamgarh and rest of MP Bundelkhand Districts ......... 79

9.1.6 Irrigation Sources in Bundelkhand .......................................................... 80

9.2 GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT ....................................................................... 80

9.3 POLLUTION ............................................................................................... 81

9.3.1 Soil Pollution ....................................................................................... 81

9.3.2 Air Pollution ........................................................................................ 81

9.3.3 WaterPollution ..................................................................................... 82

9.3.1 Noise Pollution ..................................................................................... 82


10 SOCIAL AMENITIES .............................................................. 84

10.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................ 84

10.2 HEALTH FACILITIES IN TIKAMGARH ................................................................... 84

SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.MP.GOV.IN/HEALTH/INSTITUTION/HEALTH-INSTITUTIONS.PDF ................ 85

10.3 HEALTH FACILITIES IN PRITHVIPUR ................................................................... 85

10.4 EDUCATION FACILITIES ................................................................................. 86

10.4.1 Education Structure in Madhya Pradesh ............................................... 86

10.4.2 Right to Education Act-2009 ............................................................... 86

10.4.3 Existing Situation .............................................................................. 86

10.4.4 Demand Gap Analysis and Future Requirement ..................................... 87

10.5 STREETLIGHTS AND FIREFIGHTING .................................................................... 88

10.5.1 Streetlights ...................................................................................... 88

10.5.2 Firefighting ...................................................................................... 89

10.6 SOCIO-CULTURAL FACILITIES ......................................................................... 89



xiii

11 INSTITUTIONAL SET UP AND FINANCIAL STATUS ............... 91

11.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................ 91

11.2 EFFECTIVE MUNICIPAL GOVERNANCE ................................................................. 91

11.3 EXISTING INSTITUTIONAL SETUP IN PRITHVIPUR ................................................... 92

11.3.1 Observations .................................................................................... 93

11.4 INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS ................................................................. 93

11.4.1 Urban Administration and Development Department ............................. 94

11.4.2 Town and Country Planning Department .............................................. 94

11.5 URBAN REFORMS ........................................................................................ 94

11.5.1 Mandatory Reforms ........................................................................... 94

Reforms at State Level .................................................................................. 95

11.5.2 Optional Reforms (State and ULB/ Para-statal level) .............................. 96

11.6 ISSUES/GOAL/OBJECTIVES/STRATEGIES ............................................................ 96

11.7 RECOMMENDATIONS TO IMPROVE URBAN GOVERNANCE IN PRITHVIPUR MUNICIPALITY ........ 97

11.7.1 Performance Management System ...................................................... 97

12 MUNICIPAL FINANCE ......................................................... 100

12.1 STRUCTURE OF MUNICIPAL FINANCES .............................................................. 100

12.2 FINANCIAL PROFILE OF PRITHVIPUR NAGAR PARISHAD ........................................... 101

12.3 REVENUE ACCOUNT ................................................................................... 101

12.3.1 Revenue Income ............................................................................. 101

12.3.2 Revenue Expenditure ...................................................................... 105

12.4 CAPITAL ACCOUNT .................................................................................... 107

12.4.1 CAPITAL INCOME ............................................................................ 107

12.4.2 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ................................................................... 108

12.5 SUMMARY OF REVENUE AND CAPITAL ACCOUNTS OF PRITHVIPUR NAGAR PARISHAD ........ 109

12.6 KEY FINANCIAL INDICATORS ......................................................................... 110

12.6.1 RESOURCE MOBILIZATION INDICATORS ........................................... 110

12.6.2 FUND APPLICATION INDICATORS ..................................................... 110

12.6.3 OVERALL FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS .............................. 111

12.6.4 EFFICIENCY INDICATORS ................................................................ 111

13 CITY INVESTMENT PLAN AND FINANCING STRATEGIES .... 112

13.1 CITY INVESTMENT PLAN .............................................................................. 112

13.2 WATER SUPPLY ........................................................................................ 114

13.3 SEWERAGE ............................................................................................. 115

13.4 STORM WATER DRAINAGE ........................................................................... 116

13.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ........................................................................ 116


xiv

13.6 ROADS AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ................................................................ 117

13.7 URBAN RENEWAL ...................................................................................... 118

13.8 STREET LIGHT AND FIRE-FIGHTING ................................................................. 119

13.9 HERITAGE AND TOURISM ............................................................................. 120

13.10 BASIC SERVICES FOR POOR ...................................................................... 121

13.11 ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................... 122

13.12 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ......................................................................... 122

13.13 URBAN GOVERNANCE .............................................................................. 123

14 FINANCIAL OPERATING PLAN ............................................ 124

14.1 CATEGORIES OF FOP PROJECTIONS ................................................................ 124

14.2 FINANCING STRATEGIES FOR THE CIP ............................................................. 124

14.3 FINANCE PROJECTIONS ............................................................................... 125

14.4 MUNICIPAL ACCOUNT – GROWTH PROJECTIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS........................... 125

14.5 INVESTMENT CAPACITY/ SUSTENANCE ............................................................. 126

14.6 IMPACT OF REFORMS ON INVESTMENT CAPACITY OFPRITHVIPUR NAGAR PARISHADS ........ 126

Case 1: Base Investment Capacity ................................................................ 127

Case 2: With reforms in Property Tax, Water Charges and Sewerage charges ..... 127

Case 3: Reforms and CMUIDS grants along with debt Funding .......................... 127

14.7 FUND REQUIREMENT .................................................................................. 127

14.8 PROJECTIONS FOR FINANCIAL OPERATING PLAN .................................................. 128

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1: Growth of urban population in M.P .......................................................................................... 1

Table 2-1 Area of Town ........................................................................................................................10

Table 2-2: Key features of Prithvipur .....................................................................................................11

Table 2-3 : Tehsil wise Area and Population ...........................................................................................12

Table 3-1 Ward wise Population of Prithvipur ..........................................................................................14

Table 3-2 Decadal growth rate MP rural and urban ..................................................................................16

Table 3-3 Population growth rate Prithvipur ............................................................................................16

Table 3-4 Population projection with different methods ............................................................................17

Table 3-5 Assumptions in population projection ......................................................................................17

Table 3-6: Status of literacy in Prithvipur ...............................................................................................18

Table 3-7: Table showing social composition ...........................................................................................19

Table 3-8: Table showing sex ratio ........................................................................................................20

Table 3-9: Table showing workers distribution ........................................................................................21

Table 3-10: Showing workers classification .............................................................................................22

Table 4-1: UDPFI standards ..................................................................................................................31

Table 6-1 Water Supply Facilities ..........................................................................................................43

Table 6-2: Table showing details of water distribution system ...................................................................44

Table 6-3: Table showing water supply requirement ................................................................................45

Table 6-4: existing and demand of water distribution lines .......................................................................45


xv

Table 6-5 Existing situation for Toilets ...................................................................................................51

Table 6-6: CPHEEO Guidelines for sewage generation in a city ..................................................................51

Table 6-7: Demand and Gap Analysis for Sewerage Network ....................................................................52

Table 6-8 nallahs in the town ................................................................................................................56

Table 6-9 Drains in the town.................................................................................................................56

Table 6-10 Demand Gap analysis ..........................................................................................................57

Table 6-11: Infrastructure details for Solid Waste Management.................................................................59

Table 6-12: Demand-Gap analysis of Solid Waste ....................................................................................60

Table 6-13: Demand for SWM in Prithvipur .............................................................................................60

Table 6-14: Details of State Highway connecting Prithvipur ......................................................................63

Table 6-15: Showing break-up of road surface area .................................................................................64

Table 6-16: Demand and Gap Analysis for required road length ................................................................66

Table 7-1: Unauthorized slums within the city.........................................................................................68

Table 7-2: Ward-wise number of persons holding various ration cards .......................................................68

Table 9-1: Land use in UP Bundelkhand (2004-05) and MP Bundelkhand (2005-06) districts ........................78

Table 9-2: Groundwater level in villages (2000-2001) ..............................................................................79

Table 9-3: Percentage of net irrigated area and sources of irrigation in MP Bundelkhand (2005-06) districts ...80

Table 10-1: Details of Health Staff in block Prithvipur ..............................................................................84

Table 10-2: Type of hospitals and number of beds ..................................................................................86

Table 10-3 Education Facilities in town ...................................................................................................87

Table 10-4 Demand Gap Analysis ..........................................................................................................88

Table 10-5: Wardwise distribution of streetlights in Prithvipur ...................................................................88

Table 10-6 Socio cultural facilities .........................................................................................................89

Table 11-1: Summary of establishment as on March 2012 ........................................................................93

Table 11-2: Department classification with number of employees and their responsibility .............................93

Table 12-1: Table showing Summary of Municipal Finances Prithvipur ...................................................... 101

Table 12-2: Table showing Revenue Income from various sources for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad ................. 103

Table 12-3: Table showing Revenue Expenditure of Prithvipur Nagar Parishad .......................................... 106

Table 12-4: Table showing Capital Income for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad(Amt. In Lacs) .............................. 107

Table 12-5: Table showing Capital Expenditure for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad ........................................... 108

Table 12-6: Table showing resource mobilization details for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad ............................... 110

Table 12-7: Table showing fund application indicator details for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad ......................... 110

Table 12-8: Table showing overall financial performance indicator for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad ................. 111

Table 13-1 Sector wise Investment ..................................................................................................... 112

Table 13-2 Phase wise Investment ...................................................................................................... 113

Table 13-3 Responsible agencies ......................................................................................................... 114

Table 14-1Important assumptions made in the projections ..................................................................... 125

Table 14-2 Final Revenue Modal .......................................................................................................... 128

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3-1 Decadal population growth trend ...........................................................................................15

Figure 3-2 Population and growth rate ...................................................................................................15

Figure 3-3 growth rate MP rural and urban .............................................................................................16

Figure 3-4 Literacy rate........................................................................................................................18

Figure 3-6 SC population ......................................................................................................................19

Figure 3-7 Sex Ratio ............................................................................................................................19

Figure 3-8 Types of workers .................................................................................................................20

file:\\Radical\projects\CDPs\CDP%20Tikamgarh%20Working%20Files\REVISED%20REPORTS%20JUNE%2013\FINAL%20ENGLISH%20%20REVISED\PRITHVIPUR%20DRAFT%20REPORT.docx%23_Toc371439507







xvi

Figure 3-9 Category of workers .............................................................................................................21

Figure 3-10 Occupational classification ...................................................................................................22

Figure 3-11 Agriculture related activities ................................................................................................23

Figure 3-12 Activities in various parts of the town ...................................................................................23

Figure 3-13 Beedi making activities .......................................................................................................24

Figure 3-14 Deserted areas of town .......................................................................................................24

Figure 3-15Activities at major junctions of town ......................................................................................25

Figure 3-16Activities on NH-12 and Fawwara chowk ................................................................................25

Figure 3-17Commercial activities around Jeron Tiraha .............................................................................25

Figure 4-1 Existing Landuse ..................................................................................................................26

Figure 4-2: Spatial arrangement of the settlement ..................................................................................28

Figure 4-3: Growth direction for Prithvipur .............................................................................................28

Figure 4-4 Inner Residential Precincts in the old city areas .......................................................................29

Figure 4-6 Inner Residential Precincts in the old city areas .......................................................................30

Figure 4-5 Inorganic development along the city periphery .......................................................................30

Figure 4-7 Proposed Landuse ................................................................................................................30

Figure 5-1: Methodology adopted for preparation of CDP .........................................................................34

Figure 6-1Water supply in Karguan is through Hand pumps and tubewells..................................................42

Figure 6-2 Water Supply Demand ..........................................................................................................45

Figure 6-3 Kuchha drains in town ..........................................................................................................50

Figure 6-4 Sewerage Generation ...........................................................................................................51

Figure 6-5 DEWATS (Basic Working) ......................................................................................................54

Figure 6-6 Road side drains ..................................................................................................................56

Figure 6-7 Solid waste being collected by the workers. ............................................................................58

Figure 6-8 Waste collection in the areas with rural background .................................................................58

Figure 6-9 Local Transport....................................................................................................................63

Figure 6-10 Situation of road due to absence of Bus Stand .......................................................................63

Figure 7-1BPL/ AAY families .................................................................................................................69

Figure 7-2 Residential pattern in slums ..................................................................................................69

Figure 7-3 Road network in slums, ward no. 12 ......................................................................................70

Figure 7-4 water supply in slums ...........................................................................................................70

Figure 7-5 Drains in slums....................................................................................................................70

Figure 7-6 Solid waste management in slums .........................................................................................71

Figure 9-1: Percentage coverage of Forests in Tikamgarh District ..............................................................76

Figure 9-2: Soil Productivity Map of Tikamgarh District ............................................................................79

Figure 9-3: Overview of Ground Water Resources ...................................................................................81

Figure 10-1: Health Facilities in District Tikamgarh ..................................................................................85

Figure 12-1 Composition of Municipal Finance ....................................................................................... 100

Figure 12-2 Figure showing Revenue Income Trend and Sources of Revenue for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad .. 102

Figure 12-3: Chart showing Revenue Income trend in Prithvipur Nagar Parishad (In Lacs) ......................... 104

Figure 12-4 Figure Showing Areas of Expenditure and Trend for Expenditure for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad .. 105

Figure 12-5: Chart showing trend in Revenue Expenditure in PrithvipurNagar Parishad (Amount in Lacs) ..... 106

Figure 12-6: Figure showing Revenue account: Income-expenditure ........................................................ 107

Figure 12-7 Figure Showing Trends in Capital Income and its Sources for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad ............ 108

Figure 12-8: Chart showing Trend of Capital Expenditure in Prithvipur Nagar Parishad ............................... 108

Figure 12-9: Chart showing Composition of Capital Expenses in Prithvipur Nagar Parishad. ........................ 108

Figure 12-10 : Figure Showing Capital Account_ Income- Expenditure ..................................................... 109

Figure 12-11: Figure showing account summary for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad .......................................... 109


































1

1 Introduction

1.1 Overview of Urbanization in Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh is one of the less urbanized states of India, with 26.67% of its

population living in urban areas, as against 27.78% in the country as a whole in

2001. In 1991, its urban population was 25.27% of its total population, as against

25.71% of India. The share of Madhya Pradesh in total urban population of the

country is 5.64%. The decadal growth rate of urban population of Madhya Pradesh

has declined from 43.92% in 1991 to 31.19% in 2001 and annual compound rate of

growth has decelerated from 2.41% to 2.18% during the same period. The decadal

growth of urban population of M.P. (31.19%) in 2001 is marginally higher than the

country as a whole (31.13%).

Table 1-1: Growth of urban population in M.P

Growth of Urban Population in Madhya Pradesh 1981-01

Size-

Class

Population

Range

No. of Towns % of Total Urban

Population in each

size-class of towns

Decadal

Growth(Percentage)

1981 1991 2001 1981 1991 2001 1981-91 1991-01

All 253 350 368 100 100 100 33.48 27.38

I Above 1 Lakh 11 18 26 46.18 49.7 55.77 32.15 30.55

II 50,0000 to less

than 1 Lakh

21 23 26 16.89 13.94 12 41.79 26.64

III 20,000-50,000 35 56 89 13.26 13.13 15.95 31.09 30.01

IV 10,000-20,000 90 143 141 14.95 16.32 12.13 29.99 21.21

V 5,000-10,000 94 107 80 8.61 6.81 4.01 34.22 16.86

VI Less than 5000 2 3 6 0.1 0.1 0.14 20.5 -66.36

Source: http://www.mp.gov.in/finance/ulb5e

Much of increase in urban population in the state is due to increase in number of

towns and less due to increase in population of existing urban areas. Table above

reveals some important facts in respect of the process of urbanization. The table

shows that the number of towns in the state has increased from 253 in 1981 to 350

in 1991 and 368 in 2001. The increase may be partly due to the emergence of new

towns within the proximity of large cities, new centers of industrial and commercial

activities, thermal power stations and partly due to the creation of urban local

bodies by the state government in what were formerly rural areas. Urban hierarchy

in the state is becoming increasingly distorted, characterized by concentration of

more than half of urban population in class I cities. At present, the state has only

two cities Indore and Bhopal, with population of more than 10 lakhs each. There are

4 cities in the population range of above 5 lakhs, and 10 with population in the

range of one to five lakhs. The state presently does not have a very high level of

urbanization. But because of high potential for industrial development and spurt in

migration from rural to urban, the state is likely to witness an increase in the tempo

of industrial development and as a consequence, rapid urbanization in the near

future.


2

1.2 UADD’s initiative for CDP preparation

Looking at the potential of cities in M.P. to urbanize at faster pace in coming future

and the challenge faced by ULB‘s to meet the requirements of the growing

population with limited technical and financial resources, the Government of India

and the Government of Madhya Pradesh have initiated a number of programmes to

meet the growing demands of infrastructure and service delivery— Urban

Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT) and

Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) of the GoI which

links reform with investment in infrastructure for the poor etc.

With the enactment of the 74th Constitution Amendment Act, major urban related

tasks have been transferred to Local Bodies. The Government of Madhya Pradesh

(GoMP) through its Urban Administration & Development Department (UADD) is

responsible for overseeing urban sector reforms, in terms of capital investment in

basic infrastructure for the Urban Local Bodies (ULB‘s). The UADD is also responsible

for implementation of various public welfare schemes sponsored by the Central and

State Governments.

While major urban centers are being developed under the CDPs prepared by the

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM), Government of

Madhya Pradesh (GoMP) first completed preparation of City Development Plans

(CDP) for 254Nagar Palikas and in the second phase has now initiated CDPs of 250

Nagar Parishads in the state through the Urban Administration and Development

Department (UADD).

1.3 Introduction about CDP

City Development Plans are prepared to visualize cities and towns in the next 25

years with an objective of meeting the growth directions and service up gradation in

relation to the activity mix/growth, outline infrastructure needs based on the gap

assessment, identify reforms required in local administration and service delivery

including PPP in infrastructure development.

The City Development Plan for Prithvipur has been prepared under the initiative of

UADD, GoMP covering 254Nagar Parishad towns. This initiative has been launched

on the lines similar to that JNNURM and UIDSSMT to bring improvements in the

existing urban service levels in a financially sustainable manner. The primary

objective is to create economically productive, efficient, equitable and responsive

cities. This scheme has a horizon period of 25 years, i.e. till 2035 with clear

objective of achieving the municipal reforms as indicated in the toolkit provided by

UADD, GoMP in order to access funds for implementation of the projects. In addition

to this CDP, ULBs would develop Detailed Project Reports (DPR) for all sectors in

order to implement the same.

1.3.1 Preparation of CDP

Preparation of the CDP will consist of city development strategies that come out of a

structured consultative process. The process will enable elected representatives, key

staff of ULB departments, parastatal agencies and other institutions, policy makers

and the citizens to participate and plan for spatial, social and economic development

of the concerned cities. A City Development Plan (CDP) will present both a vision of

a desired future perspective for the city and the ULB‘s strategic framework of


3

sectoral plans translated into actions that define on how the ULB, together with

other stakeholders, intends to work towards achieving their long-term vision in the

next twenty five years.

The City development Plan must adhere with the JNNURM‘s CDP preparation toolkit.

The inadmissible components under JNNURM should also be included in the task.

The CDP should also include Broad Master planning of the town and should be

prepared keeping in view the Master Plan (wherever exists) provisions as prepared

by Town and Country Planning Department. It is also expected that the CDP would

provide Urban Reform Action Plan for the ULBs as envisaged under JNNURM.

1.4 Scope of the Work

The CDP is prepared keeping in view the tool kits, guidelines and instructions

provided by UADD, and also JnNURM guidelines for preparation of CDP. The scope of

work includes the following:

A situation analysis, focusing on demographic trends, land use pattern, economic

growth, city governance and status on access and coverage of services (i.e. water

supply, sewerage, sanitation, solid waste management, road network, urban

transport, street lighting, redevelopment of inner (old) city area, basic services to

urban poor and other social infrastructure).

Study of existing setup of departments, issues of inter departmental coordination

and review of various projects being executed or proposed

A future perspective for the city clearly showing the direction of change as well as a

vision and framework for economic growth and increased access to services

(sectoral agenda, reform agenda, quality of life, urban services, social and gender

inclusion etc.)

Formulating development strategies in the areas of economic development,

governance, land use, urban poor, core municipal infrastructure, urban environment

and cultural heritage etc., prioritization and linkage with reform agendas

City Investment Plan (CIP) with clear estimates of investments and financing

options, referring to the order of investment needed to implement the perspective

and alternative financing strategies.

To identify key institutional stakeholders, their financial status report with service

provision including an analysis of their credit worthiness and efficiency of the

institutional framework.

To prepare population forecast for next 25 for the year 2035 by standard methods

and to incorporate the proposed population with approval of the concerned Urban

Local Bodies.

To consult relevant parastatal department before preparation of CDP so that projects

concerned with them are included in the CDP for the advantage of the ULB. To

organize meetings and workshops with various stakeholders and to consider the

outcomes and issues that arises in such meetings. These outcomes and issues shall

be considered while framing the CDP.


4

City Development

Plan

1.Analysis of City's Profile

2.Opportunity and

Constraints

3.Realistic Vision

4.Strategic Options

5.Investment Required

6.Options for Resource

Mobilization

7.Reform Action Plan

1.5 The Process/Methodology

Preparation of CDP involves following steps:

To identify the challenges of the city:- This is the most critical part in the

preparation of CDP. City assessment is done to identify the problem areas and

prepare a demand-gap analysis for different services.

Opportunities and Constraints:- After the in-depth analysis of all the sectors a

detailed SWOT analysis is prepared to identify opportunities and constraints for the

city which ultimately helps in laying the foundation for the preparation of city‘s

vision.

To prepare a perspective and set Vision for the future development of the city:-

Once the key problems are identified the next task is to develop vision statement for

the city, but this vision is prepared not only on the basis of consultant‘s analysis

since stakeholder forms an important role in shaping the future of their city. So after

the consultation with the stakeholders and combining the consultant‘s analysis a

vision statement is prepared for the city.

To suggest strategies and action plan to achieve the vision :-City‘s vision is

supported with objectives, strategies and action plan which translates in the form of

projects to achieve the desired goal

Preparation of CIP and FOP :-Finally a city investment plan (CIP) is formulated with

appropriate financing strategies along with Financial Operating Plan(FOP)

Resource Mobilization and Strengthening of Municipal Financial Management:-

Detailed options are worked out to make the identified projects and their investment

financially viable and to strengthen the municipal government‘s financial

management and accounting processes so as to implement the CDP.

Implementation of urban reforms:-


5

Focus on the reforms to be carried out at the State and city level in consonance with

the vision and strategic plan outlined to sustain the planned interventions.

1.6 Key steps involved in CDP Preparation

Preliminary Exercise

Resource Mobilization

Secondary Data Collection and its Analysis

Stakeholder‘s Identification

Workshops and Consultation with the stakeholders

Detailed Actions

Stage 1: City Assessment and Gap Analysis:

Data related to demography, economy, civic services, environment, physical

features, heritage, and finance was collected from the ULB and other relevant

stakeholders. A detail analysis was undertaken of the existing municipal services;

data collected was organized in formats for assessment based on the standards and

norms established by UDPFI and other relevant institutions;

• Projections: Population projections was forecasted by the consultant and through a

study of the Development Plans in order to assess the demands and gap assessment

vis a vis desired levels of services;

• A gap assessment in core municipal services was conducted for a horizon period of

25 years;

Stage 2: SWOT

SWOT analysis is the assessment of city‘s strength, weakness, opportunities and

threats which forms the basis for formulating the city‘s vision statement.

Stage 3: Formulation of city vision and implementation strategies

The results of SWOT analysis helped in formulating the vision for Prithvipur which

was the result of consultant‘s analysis and stakeholder‘s aspiration for the city.

Various objectives and action plans were prepared to achieve the city‘s vision.

Stage 4: Preparation of City Investment Plan and Financial Operating Plan

On the basis of the detail study and analysis, City Investment Plan including various

sectors will be prepared in the City Development Plan which extends over a time

frame of 25 years to attain the sustainable growth and to achieve the Mission goals.

The assessment of the financial status of municipal bodies and other financial

institutions will be carried out to determine their credit-worthiness to provide

funding for identified reforms/ projects/ Programmes which would be included in

FOP.

Stage 5: Final CDP

All information and analysis covered in the above stages would be compiled and the

final CDP report will be framed.


6

1.7 Stakeholder’s Consultation

Consultant‘s team had organized city level consultation meetings at Prithvipur

Municipality at two stages of CDP preparation to obtain the inputs of the key

stakeholders. The objective of the consultation meeting was to brief them about the

CDP initiative, obtain their inputs for the same and inform the progress of activities.

The purpose is to achieve the following:

1. Sector specific consultations

2. Inputs on identification of critical focus areas of city development

3. Discussions on key issues, concerns and challenges of the city

4. Gather suggestions and recommendations with respect to proposed exercise

1.7.1 Discussion / Consultations with key stakeholders

The objective of the stakeholder‘s consultation was to ensure that the CDP reflect

ground realities and the needs of the people as articulated by them are incorporated

in the CDP. Various stakeholder meetings and workshops were carried out at

different stages to derive a cohesive approach for the formulation of the CDP.

Table 1-2 Workshop / consultation meetings

Workshop No. Objective Date

I Kick-Off Workshop to discuss the scope, process, timeline and intentions of CDP

24th November 2011

II Stakeholder‘s Workshop to discuss sector analysis and formulate city vision, sector goals, strategies, priority actions and projects

27 th February 2012

III Stakeholder‘s Workshop on the outcomes and findings of the draft CDP

13th February 2013

The identified stakeholders comprised of people from all the walks of life including;

the president of municipal council, ward councilors, elected and ex-MLAs, chief

municipal officer, administrative & technical staff of the ULB, trade associations,

social organizations, non-governmental organizations and other responsible citizens

of the town. Consultations were carried out with the stakeholders in the form of

workshops and one-on-one discussions to make them aware of city development

plan, city‘s vision, and strategy. The process helped in gathering the general

perception about the city vision and later became the basis of project identification

and developing specific strategies.


7


8

1.7.2 Summary of the key issues identified and their solutions proposed by the

stakeholders

Sector Specific Comments

Water Supply

Supplied through tubewells, no availability of surface water.

Check dams and anicuts can be built to fulfill water demand.

Distribution pipelines are due to be expanded in at least 3 wards to ensure

full coverage

The water supplied in the town is not simultaneous. Due to lack of storage

capacity the water is supplied at odd hours in the city.

Summer time observes crisis and use tanker/private suppliers to ensure

delivery.

There is no source of surface water around the town and hence water is

supplied at alternate days.

Major repairs are needed to check leakage problems.

Water supply project under Additional Central Assistance is ready but

awaiting approvals.

Treated water shall be used for irrigation purposes, gardens and fire

fighting.

Sewerage

15- 20 % household has no toilets, especially in wards 11, 12 and 13

around 90 % household doesn‘t have toilets.

No public and community toilet is available in the town.

Overflowing and choked drains are the problems because of the improper

sewerage and drainage network.

After construction of CC roads, several storm water/sewerage drains have

been rendered too deep causing safety concerns.

Nallah in the town should be embanked/ covered along appropriate

stretches of its course to ensure smooth flow of sewage.

Traffic & Transportation

The town is situated along the NH-12A. Being a highway town, the main

road faces heavy traffic congestion.

Central part of the town is facing major problem of congestion.

Bus stand needs major re-development.


9

Although there is no major public transport present in the city but for local

transportation, loading auto and magic are used.

Solid Waste Management

At present, waste is disposed off in low lying outer areas.

A trenching ground allotted for SWM but no work done on it.

No systematic manner of waste collection and disposal.

Solid waste dumped into the drain causes clogging of these drains which

ultimately lead to overflowing of waste.

The waste shall be disposed off in environmental friendly manner.

A proper mechanism right from collection to disposal shall be in practice.

Heritage & Tourism

10 days fair is being organized at Ashroo Mata Temple every year in

January which attracts a lot of tourists and pilgrimages.

Hill top of the temple can be developed as eco tourism center.Vegetable

Market

Urban Poor

6 wards have notified slum pockets.

Remote clusters are devoid of basic amenities like water supply and street

lighting.

Ward 14 has a pocket of slum dwellers, poorly connected with electricity

and other basic services.

Basic Infrastructure shall be developed in the slums area.

Provision of public toilets shall be made for all to minimize open defecation.

Places shall be identified where more public toilets are needed.

Social Infrastructure

Proper infrastructure shall be developed for the ‗108 Ambulance‘ service in

the city.

Higher education facility is absent and need to be provided soon.

More recreational activities shall be developed for the residents.

Bus stand should be developed. Proposals should be made for renewal of

roadside drains.


10

2 City Location and Regional Context

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Bundelkhand Region

Bundelkhand is spread over southern Uttar Pradesh (UP) and northern Madhya

Pradesh (MP). Bundelkhand comprises 13 districts: Jhansi, Lalitpur, Jalaun,

Hamirpur, Mahoba, Banda and Chitrakoot (all in UP), and Datia, Tikamgarh,

Chhatarpur, Panna, Sagar and Prithvipur (all in MP). 'Bundelkhand' comprises seven

districts of southern UP and six districts of northern MP.

The town of Prithvipur is situated in District Tikamgarh which comes under M.P.

Bundelkhand region

2.2 Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

Prithvipur is an old town, conquered by

Raja Prithvi Singh (from 1736-1752)

on whose name the town was named.

Presently, this fort is in a dilapidated

condition. Prithvipur is a class III town

which was established as Nagar

Panchayat on 30th January 1979 after

merging Jer, Bindpura, Karguwa aur

Prithvipur. Presently the town has a

population of about 26883 which in divided into 15 wards with approximate

Municipal area of 0.54 Sq Km. But according to consultant‘s analysis on satellite

images the area under Nagar Parishad comes out to be 18.79 sq Km. Thus, there is

a need to update the data.

Table 2-1 Area of Town

Area according to ULB 0.54 SqKm

Area according to Consultants Analysis 18.79 SqKm

Source : Nagar Parishad Prithvipur/ Consultants analysis

Source: Census of India


11

The prime economic activity of the people in town is agriculture and agriculture

related activities.

2.3 Regional Setting

Prithvipur is a small town and Nagar Parishad situated in the District Tikamgarh of

M.P. It is situated off Jhansi – Tikamgarh Road at 60 km from Tikamgarh and 41 km

from Jhansi.

Table 2-2: Key features of Prithvipur

S.No. Parameter Details

1 Town Prithvipur

2 District Tikamgarh

3 Latitude and Longitude 25°11′7″North 78°39′54″East

4 Elevation 290 Metre

5 Population(2011) 26883

6 Area(District) 5048 Sq Km

7 Connectivity Tikamgarh -60 Km, Jhansi-41 Km

8 Railway Station Orcha(21 Km)

9 Nearest Airport Bhopal

Source: Prithvipur Nagar Parisha

2.4 District Profile Tikamgarh

Tikamgarh District is located

in the northern part of

Madhya Pradesh. It forms

the north-western part of

Sagar District. It lies on the

Bundelkhand Plateau

between the Jamni, a

tributary of Betwa and

Dhasan rivers. The shape of

district is triangular. The

northern margin is very

irregular. The maximum

length of the district is

about 119 Km. From North

to South and width about 80

Km. Tikamgarh District is

bounded by Chhatarpur

district to east, Lalitpur district Uttar Pradesh to West, Jhansi to North and Sagar to

South. The western and Eastern boundaries are formed by two big rivers.

Tikamgarh district is divided into three sub-divisions, which are further divided into

six tehsils. The Tikamgarh sub-division comprises Tikamgarh and Baldeogarh tehsils.

Prithvipur and Prithvipur tehsils form Prithvipur sub-division while Jatara sub-

Source: Consultant Analysis

http://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Prithvipur&params=25_11_7_N_78_39_54_E_type:city(22542)_region:IN-MP_


12

division comprises Jatara and Palera tehsils. The district consists six development

blocks, namely Tikamgarh, Baldeogarh, Jatara, Palera, Prithvipur and Prithvipur.

Area and Population - The total geographical area of Tikamgarh District is 5048.00

sq. Km. And the total population is 12,02,998 ( 2001 Census). The area and the

population of each of its tehsil is given in the below table

Table 2-3 : Tehsil wise Area and Population

2.5 General Physical Features

2.5.1 River System

The District lies in the Ganga Drainage system. The Betwa flows along its north-

western boundary. The Dhasan, one of its right bank tributaries and a big stream

itself, mark the eastern boundary of the district. Both these rivers flows towards the

north-east. The natural drainage of the district is diverted in the opposite directions

into these rivers, the Dhasan sharing about 75 percent of the waters of the district.

The tributaries of the Betwa flowing in the Tikamgarh district are Jamni, Bagri and

Barua.

2.5.2 Geo-Hydrology

The district was previously supposed to be unsuitable for the tube-well development

programme since it is a hard rock formation area. However the results of Geo

hydrological survey and drilling of tube wells in the district are encouraging. The

primary geo hydrological investigation in the entire district has been completed.

2.5.3 Climate

The Climate of Tikamgarh district is monsoon type. The year may be divided into

four seasons. The cold season from December to February followed by the hot

season, from March to about the middle of June. The period from about mid-June to

the end of September is the rainy season. The months of October and November

constitute the post-monsoon or transition season.

2.5.4 Rainfall

There is only one rain gauge station in the district at Tikamgarh. The average

rainfall of the district is 40 inch. It varies from 33 inch to 54 inch, in different parts

of the district. It is seen that rainfall in the district in general increases from

northwest to southwest. Parts of the Prithvipur tehsil and Mohangarh of Jatara tehsil

S.No. Tehsil Name Area in Sq.Km. Urban Population

MALE FEMALE TOTAL

1 Niwari 606.00 98079 86603 184682

2 Jatara 1008.60 127725 112835 240560

3 Tikamgarh 867.60 131406 117793 249199

4 Prithvipur 958.62 84249 74727 158976

5 Baldeogarh 858.96 91928 81228 173156

6 Palera 748.22 93888 82523 176411

Source: http://www.tikamgarh.nic.in


13

alos come in the low rainfall zone. About 90 percent of the annual rainfall in the

district is received during the south-west monsoon season - June - September, July

being the rainiest month.

2.5.5 Temperature &Humidity

There is no meteorological observation in the district. The description which follows

is based on the records of the observations in the neighbouring districts which have

similar climate. After February temperature rises progressively. May is generally the

hottest month with mean daily maximum temperature at about 43 degree Celsius

and low 29 degree Celsius. On individual day temperature may raise upto about 47

degrees Celsius. The relative humidity is high during the monsoon season, it being

generally above 70 percent. In the rest of the year the air is comparatively dry. The

driest part of the year is summer season when the relative humidity is less than 20

percent the afternoons.


14

3 Social and Demographic Profile

3.1 Introduction

This chapter describes in detail the demographic and socio-economic characteristics

of Prithvipur. The chapter has been broadly divided into five sections. The first

section includes the introduction. The second section describes the population

growth trends in the town and their characteristics. The third section deals with the

population projection for the town. The fourth section describes the socio-economic

profile of the town wherein a detailed description of the economic base of the town

has been done. Based on the salient characteristics of the demographic and

socioeconomic profile of the town, a SWOT analysis has been done as part of section

five.

3.2 Demographic Trends

The population of town as per Census 2001 was 22535 which has increased to

26883 based on census 2011 provisional figures. The following table shows the ward

wise distribution of total, male and female population.

Table 3-1 Ward wise Population of Prithvipur

Ward. No. Population Male Female

1 2237 1167 1070

2 2346 1182 1164

3 2356 1216 1140

4 1731 907 824

5 1158 624 534

6 1372 707 665

7 1268 662 606

8 1244 643 601

9 1876 983 893

10 3008 1575 1433

11 1997 1050 947

12 1230 656 574

13 1754 910 844

14 1812 887 925

15 1494 794 700

Total 26883 13963 12920

Source: Census of India 2011


15

Total (in

million), 72

.6

Growth

rate, 20.3

-10.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

190119111921193119411951196119711981199120012011

Grow

th r

ate

in

%

Total population and growth rate (MP)

3.3 Population Projection

3.3.1 Decadal population growth trend – Madhya Pradesh vs India

India has registered a decadal growth of 17.6 percent and Madhya Pradesh that of

20.3 percent, over the Census 2011 figures. While comparing population of the state

since 1901, we find that there has been comparatively lesser growth of population

during the first half of the last century 1901 to 1951. Thereafter, there was steady

growth of population during 1951 to 1971. The declining trend in population started

from Census 1971, as shown in Figure.

Although, the net addition in population during each decade has increased

consistently, the change in net addition has shown a steady declining trend over the

decades starting from 1961. This implies that as a result of the combination of

population momentum and somewhat impeded fertility, although India continues to

grow in size, its pace of net addition is on the decrease.

5.7

5

-0.3

1

11

14.2

2

13.3

1

21.6

4

24.8

24.6

6

23.8

6

21.5

4

17.6

4

12.3

8

-2.4

10.2

1

12.0

6

8.3

8

24.7

3

29.2

8

27.1

6

27.2

4

24.2

6

20.3

-505

101520253035

Gro

wth

Rate

( in

%)

Decade

Decadal population growth trend

Growth Rate India Growth Rate MP

Figure 3-1 Decadal population growth trend

Figure 3-2 Population and growth rate

Source: www.censusindia.gov.in



16

Rural (in million), 5

2.5

Growth

rate, 18

.4

-10.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Gro

wth

rate

in

%

Total population and Growth rate of

MP rural

Urban (in million), 2

0.1

Growth rate, 25.6

-20.0

-10.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Gro

wth

rate

in

%

Total population and growth rate of

MP urban

The growth rate of population for Madhya Pradesh during 2001-11 was 20.3%. The

growth rate of population in rural and urban areas was 18.4% and 25.6%

respectively. As seen from the decadal growth rate figures for MP rural and urban

areas, the decline is growth rate of urban areas was much more than the decline in

growth rate of rural areas

As discussed earlier that the trend of declining growth rate is evident at national and

state level. District Tikamgarh has also registered decline in growth rate during

2001-11 compared to previous decades. The growth rate of District Tikamgarh is a

bit lesser than the state‘s average figure for 2001-11.

Table 3-2 Decadal growth rate MP rural and urban

Percentage decadal growth rate (2001-11)

Total Rural Urban

Madhya Pradesh 20.3 18.4 25.6

District Tikamgarh 20.1 19.1 23.2

Total Nagar Parishad‘s of MP 17

Source: Provisional figures census 2011

3.3.2 Population projection for Prithvipur

The population figures for the last four decades shows a pattern of decline. The

decadal population growth rate increased to 39% during 1981-91. The growth rate

during 1991-2001 came close to state average figure but again during 2001-2011

the growth rate of town dropped down to 19.2% which was in coherence to the

overall growth trend of India and MP.

Table 3-3 Population growth rate Prithvipur

Year Population Increment per Decade Decadal Growth Rate

1981 12163 39%

Figure 3-3 growth rate MP rural and urban



17

1991 17020 4857 32%

2001 22535 5515 24.8%

2011 26883 4348 19.2%

Source: Provisional figures census 2011

Several statistical techniques such as arithmetic increase, geometric method,

incremental growth and exponential growth method were evaluated to project the

population for Prithvipur but due to lack of any regular growth pattern it was

decided to take certain assumptions based on past growth trend of district

Tikamgarh and growth trend of towns of similar scale in MP.

Table 3-4 Population projection with different methods

Year Arithmetic Geometric Incremental Exponential

2015 28846 29786 28774 29907

2025 33752 38492 33325 39042

2035 38659 49742 37621 50967

Source: Consultant’s Analysis

Assumptions

On the closer analysis of population growth trend at national, state, district level and

average growth rate for all the Nagar Parishads in M.P. it can be expected that the

decadal growth rate for the towns of Tikamgarh could be categorized into 2 broad

categories:

Towns with decadal growth rate between 10-15%

Town with decadal growth rate between 15-20%

Table 3-5 Assumptions in population projection

Year Population Assumed growth rate

2011 26883

2015 29034 20%

2025 34840 20%

2035 40066 15%


Prithvipur has good road connectivity which can boost the mandi and economy of

the town. It is also expected that the infrastructure will also improve to a greater

extent by the interventions of CDP. Therefore it is assumed that the decadal growth

rate of the town could be expected around 20% for Phase 1(2011-15) and Phase 2

(2015-2025) which will tend to decline slightly during Phase 3.


18

3.4 Literacy

The literacy rate of Prithvipur

town is given in table below.

The figures have also been

studied in comparison to the

district urban average and

state level data to understand

the position of Prithvipur w.r.t

to them. The overall literacy

rate of the town (excluding out

growths) is less than the

district average (urban) and

much lesser than the state

level data.

Comparison of literacy

among males and females shows that more percentage of male are literate than

females in both 2001 and 11. Census 2001 figures show that female literacy rate in

Prithvipur is observed to be only 47.9% against the male literacy rate of 72.2%,

whereas in 2011 it is observed to be 59.7 % against the male literacy rate of 76.7

%. But overall both male and female literacy rates are much lower in Prithvipur. The

main reason behind this difference is higher involvement of females in agriculture

and labour. Tikamgarh comes under a backward district and has very few

employment opportunities, because of which large number of people either migrates

to other states or get into agriculture which ultimately affects the literacy rate of the

district.

Table 3-6: Status of literacy in Prithvipur

Literacy rate (in %)

Prithvipur Town District (Urban) State

Sl No. Type Total Male Female Total Total

1 Literacy Rate

(2001)

60.8 72.2 47.9 69 79.4

2 Literacy Rate

(2011)

68.5 76.7 59.7 74.68 82.85

Source: Census of India 2001/2011

3.5 Social Structure

The share of Schedule Caste population during 2001 was 25% of the total population

of the Prithvipur town and the Schedule Tribe population was 1.0% of the total.

Whereas in 2011 SC population got slightly reduced to 23.9 % and ST Population

increased to a figure of 1.57 %. On an average the proportion of SC population is

higher than both district and state average figure whereas the proportion of ST

population of the town is much lower than the district and state figure. For year 2001

on other hand in year 2011 the proportion of SC Population has gone below state

average figures.

60.8

72.2

47.9

68.576.7

59.7

0102030405060708090

Literacy Rate (2001) Literacy Rate (2011)

Figure 3-4 Literacy rate


19

Table 3-7: Table showing social composition

Population (in %)

S.

No.

Type Prithvipur Town

(2001)

Prithvipur Town

(2011)

District

Tikamgarh

State MP

Total Male Female Total Male Female 2001 2011 200

1

20

11

1 Population 22535 11893 10642 26883 13963 12920

2 SC Population 5503 2911 2592 6425 3384 3041

3 ST Population 294 156 138 423 224 199

4 Proportion of

SC Population

24.4 24.5 24.4 23.90 24.24 23.54 20.8 25 14 -

5 Proportion of

ST Population

1.3 1.3 1.3 1.57 1.60 1.54 2.4 4.6 4.9 -


3.6 Sex Ratio

The sex ratio of Prithvipur town has been compared with the district sex ratio and

state level sex ratio. The table below shows that the town has overall sex ratio of

895 which is very close to state and the district figures for sex ratio for year 2001,

w

h

e

r

e

a

s

i

t

h

a

s

895

934

890885

925

878

898

888

850

860

870

880

890

900

910

920

930

940

Sex Ratio Sex Ratio (0-6years)

Sex Ratio (SC) Sex Ratio (ST)

2001 2011

24%

2%

74%

Population (2011)

SC Population ST Population

Remaining Population

25%

1%

74%

Population (2001)

SC Population ST Population Remaining Population

Figure 3-6 Sex Ratio

Figure 3-5 SC population


20

increased to 925 higher than state figures for year 2011.

As per the census of 2001, sex ratio of Prithvipur was quite healthy in the age group

of 0-6 years but in year 2011 it has gone down to a value of 878 lower than both

state and district figures. The reason behind lower ratio is social backwardness and

conservative attitude of people in the region.

Table 3-8: Table showing sex ratio

Sex Ratio (Females per 1000 males)

S.

No.

Category Prithvipur

Town

District

Tikamgarh

State MP

2001 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011

1 Sex Ratio 895 925 899 901 898 -

2 Sex Ratio (0-

6years)

934 878 927 892 907 -

3 Sex Ratio

(SC)

890 898 879 896 907 -

4 Sex Ratio

(ST)

885 888 964 943 912 -


3.7 Workforce Participation

The Workforce Participation Rate (WPR) of the town is only 27.9% which is lower

than the District WFPR of 35.9% in year 2001 whereas in year 2011 WFPR has

increased to 36.6 % as compared to 45.38% of district figure. Out of total

population main workers share 18.6%, marginal workers share 9.3% and non-

workers share 72.2% in 2001 on other hand for year 2011 out of total population

30.9 % are main workers,5.7% are marginal workers and 63.4 % are non-workers.

The overall involvement of main workers in the town is less than both district and

state average whereas involvement of marginal workers is higher than the district

and state average figures. The % of Non-Workers population in Prithvipur is 72.2%

in year 2001 and 64.1 % in year 2011 which includes students, housewives,

dependant such as infants or very elderly people, pensioners those who are drawing

pension after retirement and are not engaged in any economic activity etc.

19%9%

72%

2001

Main Marginal Non Workers

31%

6%

63%

2011

Main Marginal Non Workers

Figure 3-7 Types of workers


21

Table 3-9: Table showing workers distribution

WORKERS (in %)

S. No. Type Prithvipur Town District Tikamgarh State MP

2001 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011

1 Main

Workers

18.6 30.9 28.2 32.55 27.1 -

2 Marginal

Workers

9.3 5.7 7.7 12.8 3.6 -

3 Non Workers 72.2 63.4 64.1 54.65 69.4 -


The gender wise constitution of the

workers shows that, nearly 22% of

the main workers constitutes

female working category whereas

78% of the main workers are male

workers. This distribution of

workers changes significantly in

case of marginal workers where the

female participation % increases to

62.8% compared to their

participation as main workers for

2001. Whereas in year 2011 the

share of female main workers has

further reduced to 21.8 % as

compared to 82.3 % of marginal

workers. The major reason for this

character is the involvement of females in agriculture related activities and

migration of male population to large cities for better work opportunities..

3.8 Occupational Structure

The total workers in Prithvipur can be classified into 4 categories based on their

occupation as Cultivators, Agricultural Laborers, Household Industry Workers and

Other Workers.

For year 2001 Out of total workers (main + marginal) Cultivators and Agricultural

Laborers constitute 43.9% and 4.1% respectively. Quite high % of working

population is employed in HH industries (12.2%). Remaining 39.8% of people work

as other workers on other hand for year 2011 Cultivators and agricultural laborers

constitute 28.3 % and 13.8% respectively, population employed in HH industries

had reduced to 6.8 % and remaining 51.0 % belongs to other workers which include

government servants, municipal employees, teachers, factory workers, plantation

workers, those engaged in trade, commerce, business, transport banking, mining,

construction, political or social work, priests or entertainment artists etc.

Figure 3-8 Category of workers

77.8

37.2

78.2

17.7

22.2

62.8

21.8

82.3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Main -2011

Marginal -2011

Main -2001

Marginal -2001

Male Female


22

Table 3-10: Showing workers classification

Category of workers

S. No. Type Total Male Female

2001 2011 2001 2011 2001 2011

1 Agricultural Labors (%) 4.1 13.8 2.5 11.7 7 19.2

2 Cultivators (%) 43.9 28.3 37.1 27.2 56.8 31.2

3 Household Industries

(%)

12.2 6.8 9.2 4.9 17.8 11.6

4 Other Workers (%) 39.8 51.0 51.2 56.2 18.4 38.0


The gender wise categorization of work force shows that in year 2001 female

participation is highest under the category of Cultivators (56.8 %) and other

workers (18.4%) which is followed by HH Industries (45.01%). Least female

participation is observed under the category of Agricultural Laborers 7%, whereas in

year 2011 female participation is highest in the category of other workers (38.0%)

and Cultivators (31.2%) which is followed by (19.2%) under agriculture laborers.

Least female participation is observed under the category of HH Industries i.e.

11.6%.

In Prithvipur, people are majorly dependent on agriculture and household industries

for income. Wheat, pulses, oil seeds, soyabean and ginger are the major agriculture

produces. Prithvipur is a sub-mandi to Niwari main mandi which only has seasonal

marketing.

4%

44%

12%

40%

2001

Agricultural Labours (%) Cultivators (%)

Household Industries (%) Other Workers (%)

14%

28%

7%

51%

2011

Agricultural Labours (%) Cultivators (%)

Household Industries (%) Other Workers (%)

Figure 3-9 Occupational classification


23

Figure 3-10 Agriculture related activities

Figure 3-11 Activities in various parts of the town

2.5

37.1

9.2

51.2

7

56.8

17.8

18.4

0

20

40

60

80

100

Agricultural

Labours (%)

Cultivators

(%)

Household

Industries

(%)

Other

Workers (%)

Male Female

11.727.2

4.9

56.219.2

31.2

11.6

38.0

0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0

100.0

Agricultural

Labours (%)

Cultivators

(%)

Household

Industries

(%)

Other

Workers

(%)

Male Female

Areas withsmallhouseholdindustriesand withlargerpopulation ofmigrants

Core area on NH-12 with all the major public-semi public and commercial development along

PRITHVIPUR

JER

BINDPURA

KHIRAK



24

Figure 3-13 Deserted areas of town

Apart from this, a large part of the population migrate to larger cities or states

especially Delhi for employment opportunities. They mostly work as construction

laborers there and come back at cropping seasons. Most of the population of Jer,

Bindpur, Karguan and ward no. 13 migrates and the areas would be found deserted

on off seasons. While in a few areas, household industries ( beedi making, clay) can

be seen.

NH-12 passes by the town and has major commercial and public semi-

pulicdevelopment along it that includes Govt offices, hotels, showrooms, bank etc

and Jeron junction has main local market near it.

Figure 3-12 Beedi making activities

NIW

AR

I

Junction of major roads coming from other towns tNiwari, Jhansi and Jeron Khalsa . All the main govt and commercial activities are located around

Road from police station to Chowkarea which has local and weekly market.



25

Figure 3-14Activities at major junctions of town

Figure 3-15Activities on NH-12 and Fawwara chowk

Figure 3-16Commercial activities around Jeron Tiraha


26

44%

2%4%

28%

8% 14%

Residential Commercial

Public Semipublic Agriculture

Transport Waterbody

4 Urban Growth Management

4.1 Existing Landuse

Prithvipur town

consists of four

clusters namely

Prithvipur at the

center, Jer Village on

Prithvipur Road,

Bindpura village on

Orcha Road and

Karguan village on

Jeron Khalsa road.

The residential

clusters are situated in

pockets among these

clusters leaving massive agricultural plots between them. The main public and semi-

public assemblage can be seen to be located in the heart of the town. The main

movement corridor which connects Jhansi to Tikamgarh has commercial

establishments on either side of them. The town has 44% residential, 8%

transportation, 4% public semi-public and 2% commercial land use. Agricultural land

is 28% and the rest 14% comprises of Talabs and water bodies which are present

around all the four quadrants of the town.

Prithvipur is having a good connectivity with other places around. The town is linked

to other cities and towns by road network. The town lies on the main railway

corridor that connects Jhansi and Tikamgarh. The town has its bus stand located in

the core area near the Nagar parishad office. The main water body located in the

town is Radha Sagar which is situated in the Southern-Eastern edge of the town.

The water body has a surface area of 35 acres. This plays a vital role in enhancing

the proportion of water body in the town.

4.1.1 Housing

Most of the land of the city comes under residential land use as a result it affects the

economic, social and cultural development of the city. It has been observed that the

residential development is not in accordance with the increasing population of the

city. The main reason behind emergence of slums and squatter settlements are the

non availability of proper housing facilities for the economically weaker section of

the society. Prithvipur not being an industrial and commercial city, there has not

been development of high income housing areas in the city. The residential areas of

the city can be broadly classified on economic basis into medium income and low

income housing areas.

Figure 4-1 Existing Landuse


27

4.1.2 Residential density

High residential density has been found to occur in the central areas and old

squatter settlements of the city whereas residential density is less in the outskirts of

the city. Mixed land use has been found to occur along the sides of major roads.

Most of the roads passing through the Ward no. 1, 2, 7 and 8 has commercial

activities on the ground floor and residential activities on first floor in the building

4.1.3 Commercial

In spite of being one of the important Tehsil and connected by state highways,

Prithvipur could not develop as a major commercial city. The city mostly relies on

Jhansi for commercial activities. The major commercial activities of the town are

operated from ward 1,2,4,7 and 8. Therefore need for decentralizing the commercial

activities of the city is important. Prithvipur is an up-mandi of Prithvipur and hence

the trading status of the town is moderate.

4.1.4 Public-Semi Public

Major chunk of the PSP lies at the center of the city where there are various

government offices like that of Nagar panchayat and public utilities like Community

Health Center, Police Station etc. There are also some Public-Semi Public land uses

on south-west side of the town with government rest house, schools and stadiums.

Apart from these, the other major PSPs are along the Prithvipur Road at Northern

side of the town with the presence of Up-Mandi, Tehsil office and MPEB Sub-

divisional station. Majorly the PSPs are located along the Prithvipur-Jeron road.

4.1.5 Traffic and Transportation

The major modes of transportation in the city are rickshaw, cycle and motorcycle.

Public modes of transport such as city bus, mini bus, tempo, auto rickshaw etc are

not prevalent in the city. The existing Bus stand is at the core of the city near the NP

office and is limited in area. A proposal for a bigger facility is in the pipeline.

4.2 Spatial Growth Direction

The spatial growth of the city of Prithvipur is strongly dictated by its physical setting

as well as its location in the regional context. The town is regionally linked through

movement corridors which form its vital structuring elements. NH connecting Jhansi

to Tikamgarh passing through the town forms the central movement spine, around

which the town has been shaped. Movement corridors leading to other cities have

triggered development along them. Apart from the main Prithvipur village, 3 other

villages namely Jer in the North, Bindpura in the West and Karguan in the south

comprises of the entire ULB area. Due to conglomeration of several habitable

pockets, there are a lot of areas which remain disjunct with eachother and this

affects the overall level of


28

4.3 Future Growth Directions

The growth trend of Prithvipur exhibits development triggered by movement

corridors. Hence the city core is primarily concentrated around wards 1,3,4,7 and 8

with prime commercial as well as dense residential areas located in this region. The

major growth direction is witnessed along the Jhansi/Orchha Road on the western

side of the town on the route which connects Bindpura and Prithvipur. This might be

due to the dependency of the town on Jhansi and due to the proximity the town

haswith Orchha which has come up as a top tourist destination in the region. Similar

growth is also witnessed towards Jer and Karguan settlements.

Figure 4-2: Spatial arrangement of the settlement

Figure 4-3: Growth direction for Prithvipur




29

4.4 Housing Typology & Pattern

The city of Prithvipur can be characterized by a few predominant housing typologies

and distinctive layouts for residential areas. The residential layouts in the city reflect

different planning theories manifested in the city over the years. The housing areas

in the city comprise around 44% of the total land use and have developed over a

period of time. Significant change in typologies can be seen in residential areas

developed in different eras within the city. The following are the different housing

typologies which can be seen in the city.

4.4.1 Attached Mixed Use Units

The major movement spines

of the city display a mixed use

character with commercial on

the ground floor and

residential areas on the upper

floors. The development in

this area is high density with

average height of the

dwellings as G+1,G+2

storeys. This zone comprises of small grain attached housing units. The fabric of the

precinct displays fine grain and coarse texture with organic street pattern. The

irregular streets within the precinct define unevenly distributed (varying in size)

open spaces and housing blocks. Since the built form and open spaces have

developed organically and in a piecemeal pattern, there exists no distinct open

space structure within this precinct. Since the development is old and densely

populated, the infrastructure remains insufficient leading to degraded quality of life.

4.4.2 Attached Housing in Residential Clusters:

Smaller streets and lanes form

offshoots to the main roads of

the city which lead to

organically developed housing

clusters. The penetration of

commercialization minimizes

in the inwards looking clusters

away from the main streets.

The attached housing units are

laid in organically developed

clusters with attached central

open spaces. As the

development is piecemeal and

sporadic, the streets and open

spaces are irregular offering

interesting visual experience.

Due to piecemeal growth, the

open spaces fail to integrate

into a structured network. The

Figure 4-4 Inner Residential Precincts in the

old city areas


30

58%

3%4%

12%

8%

13%

2%

Residential Commercial

Public Semipublic Agriculture

Transport Waterbody

Park

dwelling units are mostly single storey in height and are built to edge. As the streets

are narrow and most structures no not possess a private open space, the street

itself is treated as a shared open space which is active most of the times (such as

kids playing, etc.) Hence, streets in the inner residential clusters form social spaces.

4.4.3 Kuchha Houses:

The town is surrounded by hillocks and a few water bodies and comprises of small

group of settlements located at even 3-4 kms from the core area. Towards north,

these areas majorly consist of mud houses laid out in an organic pattern. The

typological character of these precincts reflects the layout of a village with

intertwining street network as well as irregular open spaces within clusters.

4.5 Proposed Landuse

Prithvipur town can be easily

divided into parts according to

its settlement pattern. The town

consists of four clusters namely

Prithvipur, Jer, Bindpura and

Karguan Village. The major

growth directions of the town are

along the movement corridors.

The spatial growth of the town is

happening along the Jhansi road

near Bindpura.

The town is having 44% of

residential landuse which is quite

matching with the UDPFI

standards of 40-45% and the transportation facilities are in a ratio of 8% which is

slightly lesser than the standards of 10-12%. No major recreational facilities are

available in the town. Commercial landuse in the town is around 2% which stays

with the standard of 2-3%.

Figure 4-5 Inner Residential Precincts

in the old city areas

Figure 4-6 Inorganic development

along the city periphery

Figure 4-7 Proposed Landuse


31

Table 4-1: UDPFI standards

Sl

No

Landuse Category Desired % of

Developed Area

Percentage of

developed areas

1 Residential 40-45 44

2 Commercial 2-3 2

3 Public Semi-public 6-8 4

4 Recreational 12-14 -

5 Transportation 10-12 8

6 Agriculture and water bodies Balance 28

Source: UDPFI Guidelines

Residential proposals are made in areas. All proposals are made on the agricultural

plots left between the settlements along the major movement spine. These areas

are small agricultural parcels left between residential clusters along the main

movement corridor. Hence the ratio of residential landuse to total is raised from

44% to 58%. Road network is proposed in these areas to improve connectivity.

Major commercial areas are located along the main movement corridor and hence

more commercial areas are proposed on the junctions of the above mentioned

roads.

A buffer zone ranging from 15-20 m is proposed on either side of the nallah and for

the lake a buffer of 50 m is proposed. Recreational facilities are proposed along the

proposed residential area near Radha Sagar Talaab.

The proposals were made on agricultural fields around the town and hence the ratio

of them declined from 28% to 12%. But in the calculation of ratios only the

agricultural plots near settlements were considered. The total agricultural area

around the town is massive with a ratio around 80%.

4.6 Issues and Strategies

Urban Growth Management

Issues:

• There has been an unplanned residential development with no

consideration to future requirements, which has resulted into emergence of

slums and squatter settlements

• There has been a directional growth in town with all the major activities

being located along the same route creating unmanageable and chaotic

conditions.

• Density in the core is very high. The residential areas have mixed land-use

predominantly with commercial activities along the roads. These narrow

roads with insufficient circulation area for vehicles as well as pedestrians

make condition worse.

• Organic development of residential units, densely populated areas, lack of

open areas and insufficient infrastructure lead to degraded quality of life.

• Fragmented development has led to disjunction of habitable pockets and

affected the overall connectivity and service delivery.


32

• The remote clusters in the fringe areas don‘t have strong connectivity to

the main town and lack basic infrastructural facilities.

Strategies

Efforts should be made to further develop the town in a planned manner

considering the future requirements and norms / standards.

In a small town, the growth is often triggered by the movement corridors

and all the major activities are concentrated along them. Hence, efforts

should be made to locate and manage the growth such that it does not

hinder the operation of other activities and interrupts the movement and

circulation along the corridors.

Development should be such that densities in different areas in town don‘t

have extreme variance

There should be an equitable distribution of activities and services in the

whole town so that the whole population is benefited.

Efforts should be made to rejuvenate inner precincts of the town through

various design and planning interventions and enhance the livability and

quality of life in those areas.

The connectivity of remote clusters and the main town should be

strengthened and efforts should be made to facilitate them with basic

infrastructural facilities so that they do not turn into slums and help them

becoming an integral part of the town.


33

5 Stakeholder Consultation and Development of City Vision

5.1 Background

As a part of preparation of CDP as per the guidelines of UADD, stakeholder

consultation is the key component for the purpose of understanding priority of the

local people while developing a vision for the city and identifies the projects for the

City Development Plan. For this, the project team had visited Prithvipur on several

occasions and discussed the issues with officials of government departments and the

local people. This chapter outlines the nature of consultation activities conducted by

the project team in the overall CDP process.

Consultation with local communities, local government and state government was

undertaken by the Consultants to provide an opportunity for community and

government participation in the CDP process. These activities have aimed to form an

open and cooperative communication process between the team of CDP preparation

and all stakeholders.

The overall objective of the consultation process was to get the viewpoints of the

stakeholders in the identification of issues as well as vision formulation. Specific

objectives were:

To involve local residents in the CDP process

To enable stakeholders to express their views about existing problems and

proposal;

To create a shared flow of information and

To enable local ownership of the city development plan

5.2 Role of Stakeholders in preparation of CDP

A fully consultative and participatory approach with local stakeholders and

development partners was adopted while developing a city development plan for

Prithvipur. Consultative meetings and city wide workshops were held at critical

stages of the process to arrive at consensus on key issues and to frame optional

strategies to address the service delivery and financial issues identified.

Exhaustive consultations were carried out with key stakeholders, both institutional

and individual. These stakeholders included key representatives (both elected and

administrative) of Prithvipur Nagar Parishad, the SDM and other important

departments of the state government such as DUDA, PHE, Traffic Police, Town and

Country Planning, prominent citizens of, representatives from trade and commerce,

NGOs, slum inhabitants, representatives of education institutes etc.

The CDP therefore reflects a broadly shared understanding of the city's

socioeconomic structure, constraints, and prospects and a shared "vision" for

Prithvipur city with agreed goals, priorities and requirements.


34

The steps which were followed in the preparation of CDP are shown below:

Figure 5-1: Methodology adopted for preparation of CDP

5.3 Orientation of the key Stakeholders

The key stakeholders such as Councilors, officials from various departments,

representatives of community based organizations and civil society organizations

etc., were familiarized with the purpose, process had expected outcomes of the CDP.

An important feature of development of vision and strategy for preparation of CDP is

to focus on the following aspects relevant to Prithvipur:

Water Supply and underground Drainage

Sanitation and Sold Waste Management

Health

Education

Religious/Historic Importance

Tourism

Industry

Traffic & Transportation

Governance

Poverty and Slums

Economic development

Land-use planning and environment

Revenue and expenditure management

Analysis of City’s Profile

Opportunity and

Constraints

Realistic Vision

Strategic Options

Investment Required

Options for

Resource Mobilizati

on

Reform Action Plan

City Development Plan


35

5.3.1 Discussion / Consultations with key stakeholders

The objective of the stakeholder‘s consultation was to ensure that the CDP reflect

ground realities and the needs of the people as articulated by them are incorporated

in the CDP. Various stakeholder meetings and workshops were carried out at

different stages to derive a cohesive approach for the formulation of the CDP.

Table 1-2 Workshop / consultation meetings

Workshop No. Objective Date

I Kick-Off Workshop to discuss the scope, process, timeline and intentions of CDP

24th November 2011

II Stakeholder‘s Workshop to discuss sector analysis and formulate city vision, sector goals, strategies, priority actions and projects

27 th February 2012

III Stakeholder‘s Workshop on the outcomes and findings of the draft CDP

13th Feb 2013

The identified stakeholders comprised of people from all the walks of life including;

the president of municipal council, ward councilors, elected and ex-MLAs, chief

municipal officer, administrative & technical staff of the ULB, trade associations,

social organizations, non-governmental organizations and other responsible citizens

of the town. Consultations were carried out with the stakeholders in the form of

workshops and one-on-one discussions to make them aware of city development

plan, city‘s vision, and strategy. The process helped in gathering the general

perception about the city vision and later became the basis of project identification

and developing specific strategies.


36

5.4 SWOT Analysis

The issues for each sector have formed the basis for carrying the SWOT analysis and

formulation of the strategies. The assessment of strengths, weaknesses, and

opportunities and threats has formed the basis for preparation of vision, strategies

and overall preparation of city development plan for the city. The city SWOT analysis

has been done after the assessment of various sectors of the city.

STRENGTH WEAKNESS

The location of Prithvipur has direct connectivity

with Jhansi, Tikamgarh, Chatarpur and Gwalior.

Well connected with rest of the state through

road network.

One of the major centres for distribution for

agricultural produce in the region.

Presence of large number of lakes and water

bodies in and around the city.

Absence of perennial source of water.

Lack of physical infrastructure such as street

lighting, walkways, roads, public toilets etc

leads to poor quality of life in the city.

Absence of sewage disposal network and solid

waste management system in the city leads to

serious health risks and environmental

degradation.

Lack of socio-cultural, recreational spaces in the


37

A town with very rich history.

Availability of large work force in the city

The city serves as a market centre for nearby

small towns

Ample availability of land for development

Passionate involvement of the city residents for

the betterment of their city in many ways.

Good political will conducive for the

development of the city.

Fundamental change in the mindset of people

switching from traditional family owned

businesses to newer sectors reflects the

eagerness to pursue newer professions.

city.

Lack of active recreational spaces in the city for

youngsters.

Poor status of traffic with narrow roads and

encroachments causing congestion.

Poor and unhygienic condition of slums

Vacant top positions in the institutional

framework of Nagar Parishad, leads to lower

work efficiency of the offices.

A mismatch between post of an official and

his/her responsibilities within the Nagar

Parishad also adds limited technical and

administrative capability of the municipal

authorities.

Lack of jobs for graduates in the city.

OPPORTUNITY THREAT

Promote the city as an agro based industrial

centre with processing plants since there is

absence of any such large scale industry in the

region.

Residents willing to pay for better services in

the city, encouraging Public-Private Partnership

model for infrastructure development.

Small distances within the city due to its small

size, enables development of newer, cheaper

means of public transportation (eg. Solar hand

rickshaws)

Encourage innovative environment friendly

measures : rainwater harvesting, watershed

development, maximize delivery and minimize

waste of water

Govt. proposed programmes such as UIDSSMT,

under review.

Potential for diversification of economic sector.

Lack of sewage and solid waste management

systems poses great threat to the environment.

Lack of physical infrastructure : could hamper

long term economic growth prospects

Lack of desire of skilled workforce to stay in the

city.

Competing cities for economic investments in

the vicinity.

Threat of loss and deterioration of natural

and heritage attractions : due to lack of

awareness and proper documentation on

heritage conservation


38

5.5 Vision

A vision document for the City can be prepared only through a consultative process,

ensuring that the interactions occur amongst stakeholders, including Citizen Groups

/ NGOs, Elected Representatives, and Government agencies. The consultation

process aims to place on record details of the existing situation, discuss possible

options to go forward, and seek participative and critical feedback on where the city

aims to be at the end of a certain time-period, and set out the directive principles of

this vision.

Given the complex and consensual nature of the exercise, it is clear that while such

a consultative process gives room for all the views to be articulated, it is certainly

not possible to adopt every view point. The final vision therefore reflects a

preponderance of opinion, rather than be a unanimous view.

Prithvipur Vision:

―To transform Prithvipur into a vibrant regional economic hub, through urban renewal and

infrastructure development‖

In the years to come, the city can look forward to better social and environmental

infrastructure: with the improved level of coverage of core services, the city plans to

direct its spending and endeavors on the social and environmental sectors, with

special accent on education and health. To give shape to the vision for the city, the

city government has drawn up concrete project plans for different sectors like water

supply, education, environment, health, employment generation, and social

amenities.

5.6 Sector Goals

Sector Target Year to achieve the objectives

2015

2025 2035

WATER SUPPLY

To achieve 100%

population coverage

and ensure access to

safe, adequate and

equitable drinking

water supply for all

1. Augmentation of

water supply and

clean water

distribution schemes

2. Reduce leakages by

upgrading

infrastructure

3. Introduce metering

of all water

Connections.

Introduce

volumetric charges

1. Enhancement of

water supply and

clean water

distribution schemes

to meet the

increased and future

needs

2. To ensure efficient

delivery of service

and collection of

revenue

1. 24x7 water supply across

the city

2. Further increase per

capita supply consistent

with GOI norms.

3. No ground water

withdrawal for meeting

unmet demands


2015

2025 2035


39

SEWERAGE

To provide healthy and

environmentally safe

system of sewerage

and sanitation for

entire population

1. Construction of

piped UGD network

for the existing

development

2. Design of cost

effective sewerage

treatment models

3. To provide public

toilet at the

important public

places and slums

1. Construction of UGD

network for the new

development

2. To provide

sanitation facility for

all and complete

public amenities

A. Partner with private

agencies like Sulabh

International for

management.

3. Use toilet exteriors

as media for

advertisement.

1. 100% network coverage

2. 100% treatment of

sewage

3. Sewage and drainage

segregation

4. Reuse of effluent for farm

land etc.


2015

2025 2035

SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT

To ensure scientific and

environmentally safe

solid waste

management system

for a healthy and clean

city for future

1. Install a door-to-

door collection

system

2. To ensure proper

primary and

secondary collection

systems

3. To ensure proper

disposal of waste

1. Use P-P-P for

collection, disposal,

sorting and recycling

of waste and

collection of revenue

2. To limit the use to

non bio-degradable

material and

promote recyclable

materials

1. Resource recovery,

recycling and reuse of

wastes

2. Environmentally

sustainable disposal

systems


2015

2025 2035

ROADS AND TRAFFIC

MANAGEMENT

To ensure easy and

safe accessibility

through cost effective

public transportation

and good quality roads

for vehicular and

pedestrian use

1. Upgradation of

existing road

infrastructure

2. Construction of new

roads

3. To meet immediate

needs for public

parking and ease

congestion on main

roads.

1. Installing a traffic

management plan

which may be revised

every year and every

six months later

which includes a

layout for traffic

signals, one-way

routes, no entry

zones, etc.

2. Introduction of public

transport system

using alternative

modes of transport

1. City fully covered by a well

planned transport

infrastructure and limiting

the use of private vehicles

by delivering efficient

public transport system



40

2015 2025 2035

TOURISM

To develop Prithvipur

as a tourist destination

1. Conservation of

existing heritage

structures

2. Development of

tourist spots

1. Sensitize citizens

towards conservation

and hospitality

2. Integrated design of

urban spaces

complete with street

furniture and signage

1. To promote Prithvipur as a

Tourist place and include

activities for local tourisim.

Sector Tar Target Year to achieve the objectives

2015

2025 2035

ECONOMIC GROWTH

To make Prithvipur a self-

propelled economy

1. Promotion of

industrial base in

Prithvipur

2. Expand trade &

commerce activities

1. Lay adequate

infrastructure

required for industrial

base

1. To mark Prithvipur

as strong self

propelled economy


2015

2025 2035

ENVIRONMENT

To upgrade the city

environment for

abetter quality of life

and safe future

forinhabitants

1. Adoption of a ―Green

Prithvipur‖ resolution

2. Conservation of

green spaces, natural

landscape and

natural drainage

3. Build parks and

promenades along

natural drain to

rejuvenate the water

body

4. Encourage tree

plantation

interspersed with

future development

1. To limit the use to

non bio-degradable

material and promote

recyclable materials

2. Water harvesting

techniques should be

promoted through

awareness

campaigns.

1. Make water-harvesting

compulsory for

households/ colonies

2. To maintain ecological

equilibrium


2015

2025 2035

HEALTH

To provide better

healthcare to all

1. Quality improvement

of existing health

facilities

2. To ensure the

delivery of

programmes for

disease prevention

1. Augmentation of

medical facilities

2. Employing P-P-P in

hospital management

to ensure better

service delivery

1. To ensure delivery of

high quality medical

facilities not only to the

people of Prithvipur but

also to the neighbouring

villages



41

2015

2025 2035

EDUCATION

To ensure social

equality and economic

growth by imparting

quality education

1. Setting up of schools

of excellence

2. Promoting avenues of

informal education

1. Expansion of

vocational training

platforms

2. Introduction of

industry sponsored

programs for specific

industry

requirements

1. To meet the workforce

requirements of local

industries and to check

out-migration of youth


2015

2025 2035

MUNICIPAL

GOVERNANCE

To make Prithvipur

with a sustainable e-

governance system for

citizen services

1. Up gradation of

administrative

toolkit and

personnel skills

1. Setting up of a

collaboration cell

2. Creating forum for

citizen involvement

3. Training modules for

ULB staff to enable e-

governance and active

update of database

4. Setting up a special

cell within the ULB

management focussed

on P-P-P

To equip ULB with the

latest technology and skill-

sets and accurate base

data of various sectors to

ensure delivery of superior

urban services


2015

2025 2035

URBAN POOR

To make Prithvipur a

city where there are no

families living below

the poverty line, and

where all residents

have access to

affordable and reliable

basic services

1. Improvement of

housing

infrastructure and

civic amenities in

slum areas

2. Business Incubation

centre for assistance

in enterprise

development and

setting up of co-

operative societies

1. To create perennial

sources of income for

the economically

weak.

2. Cross-linking the

employment schemes

with housing

improvement

programme to ensure

slum-dwellers

involvement in

development

1. Cover all slum areas with

service levels at par with

the surrounding zones i.e.

100% accessibility to basic

infrastructure services


42

6 Urban Services

6.1 Water Supply

6.1.1 Existing Situation

Presently the main sources for supplying drinking water in the town are the tube

wells which are located in the various parts of the town. There are 8 tube wells

which are used to supply water to the entire population. Apart from these there are

around 67 stand posts and 187 Handpumps which are also located in various parts

of the town. The per capita water supply per day is 20-25 LPCD, depending on the

different locations of the town. This supply accounts to only 0.3 MLD of water

supply.

Figure 6-1Water supply in Karguan is through Hand pumps and tubewells.

Town has number of lakes which help in water supply with tube wells. PHE had prepared water

supply scheme of the town in 1985-86 which was revised and expanded in 2006-07 with inclusion of

OHTs, sump wells, tube wells and expansion of distribution network. Town of Prithvipur emerged by

merging 4 smaller villages amongst which Prithvipur village had the largest population and other

villages were located at distances and had comparatively smaller population. Thus, the area which

has largest water supply coverage is Prithvipur itself and others face the problem of lack of water

supply. Karguan village which constitutes ward no. 14 and 15 has no piped water network at all and

is totally dependent on hand pumps and tubewells. Same is the situation of ward no. 13. Jer,

Beendpur and parts of Prithvipur receive water directly from tubewells and wells. In summers water

is supplied through tankers to the affected areas. Nagar Parishad had prepared a water

augmentation scheme at river Jamini which has been approved and money has been sanctioned

from central govt and is about to start.


43

6.1.2 Water Treatment, Storage and Distribution

Since the entire source of water is ground water, no treatment plant is used in the

process of supplying water. In the absence of any defined treatment facility in the

town, bleaching powder is added to the water as disinfectant. There are 2 OHTs and

2 sump wells present in the town.

Table 6-1 Water Supply Facilities

Ward

No

Tube-well location Dug well

location

Sump

location

OHT

location

Supplied

to

(Wards)

Ward wise

connection

1 - - - - - 34

2 1 no. (Direct

Supply)

- - - - 112

3 - - - 1 (Capacity

75,000

Liters)

1,2,3,4

and 6

65

4 - - - - - 102

5 - - - - - 26

6 - - - - - 168

7 - - - - - 19

8 - - - - - 129

9 1 no. (supplied to

OHT in ward 10)

1no. (supplied to

OHT in ward 10)

1no. (1LAKH

APPX.)

- - 68

10 1 no. (Direct

Supply)

- - 1 (Capacity

5 lac Liters)

2,3,4,5,6,7

,9 and 10

72

11 1 no. (Direct

Supply)

- - - - 38

12 2 nos. (Direct

Supply)

- 1no.

(10,000 L)

- - 36

13 - - - - - NIL


44

14 - 1no. (supplied to

OHT in ward 10

and 3)

- - - NIL

Source: Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

6.1.3 Distribution System

Water is distributed once in two days for 40 minutes in the town. The situation is

very grim as the per capita water supply is as low as 10 LPCD which is way below

the prescribed standard of 135 LPCD. The prime reason behind inadequate supply is

inadequate and reliable source of water supply, uneven distribution of water and

very high transmission losses.The total length of the distribution network is only 2.5

kms, and the details of it are mentioned below:

Main Line

90mm PVC – from behind the petrol pump to higher sec school

90mm & 160mm PVC – Karguvan road to sump well

150mm – sump well to new OHT/ESR

Distribution pipe line

160mm PVC – new OHT to Jain temple

110mm PVC – Jain temple to old Girls School

110 & 90mm PVC – old bus stand to Jeron Road

160mm & 110mm PVC, 100mm GI –Chopra mohalla to Khisron and Shukla

mohalla

Table 6-2: Table showing details of water distribution system

Parameter Details

1.Total wards 15

2.Wards with full water supply from OHT 09 (Wards 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9 and 10)

3.Wards with direct water supply from tube wells 03 (Wards 8,11 and 12)

4.Wards with no supply 03 (Wards 13,14 and 15)

4.Volume of water supplied at present 0.3 MLD per day

5.Duration of water supply (once in two days) 40 minutes

6.Estimated water loss per day 35-45%

Details for Water Tap Connections

Ownership No. of Connections Monthly Fees New connection charge

Domestic Approx. 869 Rs.30/- Rs 1200/-

Commercial 09 Rs.50/- Rs 1200/-

Public (Stand Post) 67 free


45


6.1.4 Demand-Gap Analysis

The supply of water currently in year 2012 is 0.3 MLD, which is less than 10% of the

desired quantity of 4.32 MLD since the existing supply of water is based on the

absolute minimum standard of 70LPCD which is applicable to medium class town

with no underground sewerage system. But for demand gap calculations we have

considered 135 LPCD since a sewerage system would be envisioned for the town in

later years. Therefore existing gap for water supply based on 135 LPCD (Plus losses

and fire fighting requirement) comes out to be almost 4.0 MLD. In year 2025 the

required quantity would be of 5.6 MLD which would increase to 6.44 MLD by the

year 2035.

The existing length of distribution network in Prithvipur is approximately 9.5 Kms

which according to standards should ideally be around 40 Kms. Thus there is huge

gap between the required and existing length of water network system which needs

to be strengthened further.

Table 6-3: Table showing water supply requirement

2011 2015 2025 2035

POP PROJ 26883 29034 34840 40066

CW Demand (135 LPCD) 3629205 3919541 4703450 5408967

Loss (17-18%) 647813 699638 839566 965501

Fire Fighting (1%) 41736 45075 54090 62203

Total Supply (in MLD) 4.32 4.66 5.60 6.44


Table 6-4: existing and demand of water distribution lines

Year Demand Existing Gap

2011 39.99 9.5 30.49

2015 43.19 33.69

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

2011 2015 2025 2035

4.32 4.665.60

6.44

Total Supply (in MLD)

Figure 6-2 Water Supply Demand


46

2025 51.83 42.33

2035 59.60 50.10


6.1.5 Issues/Goals and Objectives/Development Strategies

Water Supply

ISSUES:

Non usage of a surface water body as a source of water supply

Unavailability of treatment plant

Fragmented nature of town.

Each part has a different water supply source.

Lack of OHTs

Dependence on sump wells, tubewells and tankers in summers.

Areas supplied water from sump wells and tube wells faces problem of water pressure.

Contamination of water due to old service connections/ old network

Coverage needs to be increased from existing area to full extent

Reduction in the transmission and distribution from 40-45% to an efficient level of 10-

15%

The areas in the periphery does not have systematic water Supply network.

The main problems faced by the Municipality are the illegal tapping of water and

difficulty in collection of water bills from the slum people as well as others. To ensure

regular payment of bills and to detect illegal tapping of water periodical checking and

monitoring is necessary.

SECTORAL GOAL:

To achieve 100% population coverage and ensure access to safe, adequate and

equitable drinking water supply for all

SECTORAL OBJECTIVES:

1. To Protect and Secure water sources

2. To Cover 100% households with Individual tap

3. Move towards 24x7 water supply in a phased manner

4. Move towards metered water supply in a phased manner, and

5. To improve cost recovery through efficient collection and initiate reforms through

introduction of direct user charge

STRATEGIES:

Ensure Source Security

To Reduce / Eliminate use of ground water dependency and limit use of ground water

Strengthen Water Quality Monitoring System by developing laboratories monitoring

water Quality regularly

Use efficiency through introduction of water audit

Take Initiatives for ground water recharge and water recycling

Introduce water pricing to discourage its wastage

Geo-hydrological study to be conducted for sustainable withdrawal of water and regulate

ground water extraction through licenses etc.

Extension of water Supply services to uncovered areas.

Efficiency in Operation and Maintenance- Replacement of old machinery and network

systems.


47

ACTION PLAN:

Long Term Measure

Preparing a regional water scheme on River Betwa which is at a distance of about 15

Kms from the town, as opposed to a local scheme to minimize burden on ULB . A

regional scheme for Prithvipur, Prithvipur and Jeron Khalsa can be prepared to meet the

future water requirements.

OR

Preparing a water scheme for Prithvipur on River Jamini which is at a distance of 3 kms

from the town to the meet the specific requirements of the town.

Short Term Measure

Revitalizing existing ponds like that of Rada Sagar Talab, Jer Talab, Goili Talab and

Rotela Talab present in and around the city. These can immensely enhance the ground

water recharge system of the area.

Creation of artificial surface water bodies by following the natural drainage pattern of the

city.

Augmentation of clear water distribution network & storage

Construction of 3 new OHTs each of 400 KL at Janpad Govt. School, Near Vetinary

Hospital and Bhed Farm.

Replacement of aging distribution network

Construction of new distribution network of 30 kms to serve requirement till 2015

Installation of pressure gauges

Installation of precision meters to measure water usage

6.1.6 Recommendations to improve water supply services in Prithvipur

RECOMMENDATION 1: Public-Private Partnership Options in Water Supply

In India, urban water supply and sanitation service is a state subject. The water

supply and sanitation service is managed by either one of the following institutions,

i.e., state-level Public Health and Engineering Departments (PHEDs), Urban Local

Bodies (ULBs), or the city level Water Supply and Sanitation Boards. The entire

water system from source to the consumer end is managed by one of these

agencies. Water and sanitation services can be unbundled into several components,

including raw water production and treatment, bulk water supply, retail distribution

as indicated in Figure below:


48

As a response to an insufficient provision of basic urban services and a lack of

access to finance and other resources by ULBs that aim to increase access to these

services, a number of PPP options have emerged. These include:

Service contracts;

Management contract for operations and maintenance (O&M);

Lease

Concession

Construction cum build-operate-transfer (BOT) contract

Divesture

RECOMMENDATION 3: Identification of potential sources of revenues from water supply

Water Supply

Charges

The single, largest and the most important component of revenue generated from the

provisioning of water supply services is that obtained from a levy of water supply charges.

Water supply charges may be levied in the form of flat rate tariffs, or volumetric tariffs or

telescopic tariffs. The three types of tariff structures are discussed below.

Flat rate tariff: Currently practiced in Prithvipur

Flat rate tariff refers to a pricing structure wherein the customers are charged a fixed amount

of tariff based on the size of pipe connections at certain intervals, irrespective of the quantity

of water consumed. In the case of water supply services, this implies that a fixed per monthly

charge is levied for different categories of consumers, viz., residential, commercial and

industrial. Therefore, a residential unit may be charged Rs. 120 per month for water supply

services whereas a slum unit may be charged Rs. 40 per month, and an institution may be

charged Rs. 200 per month. The rates for the commercial establishments and the industrial

units are generally much higher than the domestic rates. Typically, such a pricing structure is

found in the case of cities where no meters have been installed at the consumer end.

But in case of Prithvipur currently a flat rate of Rs 30 per HH is collected as water supply

charge irrespective of different categories such as residential, commercial, industrial etc which

ultimately results in very low water charges collection.

Volumetric tariff:

Volumetric tariff refers to a pricing structure wherein the tariff rate varies as per the quantum

of water used by the consumer. It is therefore a variable rate, where for different consumption

levels, different tariff rates are applicable. Such a tariff structure is applicable in cities/towns

where meters have been installed at the consumer end; there are separate consumption slabs

with corresponding per unit charges. The broad consumption category remains the same as

that under the flat rate tariff structure, viz., residential, commercial and industrial. Within

these categories, slabs for different consumption levels exist.

Telescopic/Increasing block tariff:

As per this tariff structure, there exist two or more prices for water used, where each price

applies to a customer‘s use within a defined block. Prices rise with each successive block.

Generally, under such a pricing structure, the first block price is deliberately set below cost. A

water user in a particular use category (e.g., residential) is charged a unit price for the first

units abstracted up to a specified amount (this defines the end of the initial or first block).

Above this amount, the user faces a higher price for additional units until a second specified


49

amount is reached (the end of the second block), and so on until the highest (top) block in the

increasing block structure is reached.

Thus it is recommended for Prithvipur Municipal Council to switch from existing flat rate

mechanism to either Volumetric or Increasing Block Tariff mechanism to ensure optimum

utilization of water that is being supplied.

Penalties

A small contributor to the total revenues earned is the penalty imposed on consumers who are

illegally connected to the water supply system, and those customers who have not paid up the

water bills. On the basis of the trend in the arrears in the total collections to be made, the

revenue to be earned as penalty may be estimated.

Charge for

establishment

of meter

It is proposed to install water meters in Prithvipur and start collection of water based on their

usage. The cost incurred by the ULB in purchasing and installing meters at the consumer end

could be recovered as part of the total water bill generated. The revenue from this source is to

be largely treated as an inflow meant to recover the costs already incurred by the ULB. The

costs can generally be recovered as installments from the consumers, and the same should

also be accounted for in the total revenues.


50

6.2 Sewerage and Storm Water Drainage

6.2.1 Existing Sewerage and Sanitation

The city does not have an

underground sewage system. Also

there is no separate sewerage and

storm water network in the city. In

the older residential areas

traditional methods of sewage

disposal are still practiced. In the

newly developed residential areas,

individual septic tanks are being

constructed but the sewage from

the septic tanks is released in the

open drains which results in air

pollution and generation of dirt. The

general slope of Prithvipur is

towards North-West and all the

waste water collects in to local

drains/Nallahs through new bus

stand which eventually drains out

of the town.

The city also does not have a

planned storm water

management. Considerable

attention should be given to the

storm water management of the city. In addition to pipe-distribution by the Nagar

Parishad, the villagers depend heavily on individual bore-wells. Families residing in

outgrowth depend complete on ground water. A consequence is difficult to

determine the actual water generated in the city. Based on present projected

population and as per the CPHEEO guidelines the total sewerage generated should

be an estimated 3.46 MLD.

Filthy nallahs/drains run across almost whole length and breadth of the town, thus

contributing to unhygienic living conditions. According to the ULB the length of

drains present in the town is about 15 km.

In town, the drains along road are used for sewerage and storm water drainage. Due to absence of

proper sewerage pipe lines, most of the households have individual septic tanks and their overflow

is drained out into these road side drains. Amongst all the parts of the town, Prithvipur has an

urban background with maximum number of individual toilets. Jer, Karguan, Beendpur have sort of

rural background with very few numbers of individual toilets and most of the population here

practices open defecation. Nagar Parishad has no provision for cleaning of septic tanks.

Storm water gets collected in lakes and then drains out of the town. There is no major nallah in the

town and the road side drains serves the purpose through Radha Sagar Talab and Thaharka road.

Similarly in other parts, storm water drains out of the town through Orcha and Jeron Khalsa road.

Figure 6-3 Kuchha drains in town


51

6.2.2 Existing situation for Toilets

A large population of the town practices open defecation in absence of individual and

public toilets. Out of 15 wards, only 10 wards are such where approximately 70% of

the HHs have access to individual toilets and in remaining 5 wards only 10% of the

HHs have access to individual toilets, remaining HHs practices open defecation. The

wards with high level of open defecation have predominantly slum population and

outer villages.

Table 6-5 Existing situation for Toilets

S.No. Method of sewage disposal Ward numbers

1 Wards with 70% HHs having access to

individual toilets

Wards 1 to 10

2 Wards with 90% HHs practicing open

defecation

Wards 11,12,13,14,15

Source: Nagar Parishad Prithvipur

6.2.3 CPHEEO Guidelines

Table 6-6: CPHEEO Guidelines for sewage generation in a city

1 Total Sewage generated 80% of water supply

2 Length of sewage network 80 % of road length


6.2.4 Demand and Gap Analysis

As per the CPHEEO guidelines, the volume of sewage is estimated to be 80% of the

volume of water supplied in any area. In reference with the guideline, the quantity

of waste water generated can be estimated to be around 3.46 MLD in the present

scenario, but as the supply of water would increase in the future for the year 2015

the sewage generated would be 3.73 MLDs, this would increase to 4.48 MLD in year

2025 and would be about 5.15 MLD by the year 2035.

3.46

3.73

4.48

5.15

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00

2011

2015

2025

2035

Demand of Sewage Generation

Figure 6-4 Sewerage Generation


52

Table 6-7: Demand and Gap Analysis for Sewerage Network

Year Required Sewerage Network

@ 80% of Road Network ( in Km)

Existing Gap (in Km)

2011 37.64 0 37.64

2015 40.65 40.65

2025 48.78 8.13

2035 56.09 7.32

Source: Consultant‘s Analysis

6.2.5 Issues/Goals and Objectives/ Development Strategies

Sewage and Sanitation

ISSUES:

Absence of sewerage network in Prithvipur: Absence of sewerage system and the

conservancy system of sanitation, in other words, the rudimentary method of manual

collection and disposal of night soil in trenching grounds still prevails in the city. The

effluent, which is left out from the existing drains, is causing further deterioration of the

environment of the city.

Lack of proper drainage system: Apart from the sewerage system, the city is not having,

proper drainage system which is essential service of the city. In the absence of good

drainage system in the city the waste water comes on road at many places.

Lack of maintenance: Even though some areas are having proper drainage system, they

are enduring by the poor maintenance of the local authority. The drains are completely

obstructed with the garbage and roadside waste.

Sewerage is dumped directly without any treatment into the lake or river thereby

degrading their quality

No availability of public toilets in the town, which needs improvement.

SECTORAL GOAL:

To provide healthy and environmentally safe system of sewerage and sanitation for

entire population


Augmentation of scientific sewerage system in Prithvipur

Interception & diversion works.

Application of Sewage Treatment techniques

Disposal Quality Monitoring

To achieve sanitation for all and reduce open defecation

STRATEGIES:

Universalization of city sanitation approach

Identification of sites in slums and public places for community and individual toilet

Involve Sulabh International, interested NGOs, and CBOs for design, construction and

maintenance and affordable pricing including monthly passes extraction through licenses

etc.

Provision of underground sewerage system

Provision of household sewer connection

Provision of public toilets to prevent open defecation.


53

6.2.6 Recommendation to improve Sanitation services

RECOMMENDATION 1 – Minimizing high percentage of open defecation in

town

BY implementing the scheme of Integrated Low Cost Sanitation Scheme, the ULB

shall work in the direction of providing individual toilets and public toilets in the

town. As per the consultants estimate around 1100 individual toilets are required in

the entire city. Apart from these, 5 Public toilets are required at the location of Bus

Stand, Mandi-Tehsil Area, Jer Village, Bindpura Village and Kharguan Village.

RECOMMENDATION 2 – Proposing Decentralized Wastewater treatment

system (DEWATS)

The DEWAT is a tailored System to improve sanitation conditions in densely

populated urban areas and to provide reliable low-cost sanitation and wastewater

treatment solutions.

Decentralized Wastewater treatment system (DEWATS) is a combination of the

following treatment systems:

Sedimentation and primary treatment in settlers, Septic Tanks or Imhoff

tanks.

Secondary Anaerobic Treatment in fixed bed filters or Baffled Reactors

Secondary and tertiary aerobic/anaerobic treatment in reedbed / duckweed

ponds/ constructed wetlands or Planted Gravel Filters

The advantages of the system are

Water can be treated to CPCB discharge standards and recycled for irrigation

Operable with semi skilled/ unskilled labor

DEWAT Can be decentralized thereby reducing plumbing and pumping costs.

Adaptability to varying load conditions and to varying climatic conditions

DEWAT Can treat waste water with high fat, suspended solids and BOD.

No mechanical parts

Less expensive than comparable conventional treatment systems and

Very low operational and maintenance costs

The proposed DEWATS under this assignment consists of the following units:

Settler

Baffled Septic Tank combined with filter

Horizontal Gravity filter

In this system sewage and sludge from toilet block is directed to a settler. The

settled effluent is then transferred to subsurface baffled reactor. The effluent from

the reactor is drained into a constructed planted filter. The resulting effluent can be

used for agriculture or community garden or can be discharged into drain.


54

Figure 6-5 DEWATS (Basic Working)

RECOMMENDATION 3 – Engage Sulabh International for Community Public Toilets

Sulabh toilet complexes are

located in public places, bus

stands, hospitals, markets and

slums. For the construction,

operation and maintenance of

these complexes, Sulabh plays

the role of a catalyst and a

partner between official

agencies and the users of the

toilet complexes. The Sulabh

complexes are manned by trained attendants night and day and have separate

enclosures for men and women. The system of operation and maintenance of

community toilets evolved by Sulabh has proved a boon to the local bodies in their

endeavour to keep the towns clean and improve environment. This is a unique

example of partnership between local authorities, a nongovernmental organisation

and the community.

RECOMMENDATION 4 – Community Linked Biogas Plant

Recycling and reuse of human

excreta for biogas generation is an

important way to get rid of health

hazards from human excreta.

Sulabh is the pioneering

organization in the field of biogas

generation from public toilet

complexes. After a series of

experiments, the organisation

developed a more efficient design of biogas plant that has been approved by the

Ministry of Non-conventional.


55

Thus biogas technology from human

wastes has multiple benefits – sanitation,

bioenergy and manure.One cubic foot

biogas is produced from the human

excreta of per person per day.A one

thousand cft. (30 cum) of biogas is

equivalent to 5.2 gallons of gasoline or

4.6 gallons of diesel oil. Biogas is utilized

for cooking, lighting through mantle

lamps, electricity generation and body

warming during winter.

Cooking is the most efficient use of

biogas. Biogas burners are available in a

wide ranging capacity from 8 cft to 100 cft

biogas consumption per hour. It burns

with a blue flame and without soot and

odour.


56

6.3 Storm Water Drainage

There are 3 major Nallahs in the town, which originates almost from the same

location of Bus stand and then flows in 3 different directions. The Major Nallah is the

one which flows from bus stand to Orchha Road in the West. The other major nallah

flows from bus stand and takes direction along Tehrka Road, crosses Shamshan

Ghat and finally meets Jamini River in the East. Apart from this there is another

Nallah which meets Radha Sagar Talab in South East. The majority length of the

nallah is Kutcha.

It was also observed that in

most of the areas local

residents dump their

household waste in the drains

contributing to choking of

nallahs during monsoon. The

maintenance is poor and at

some places, smaller nallahs

have been encroached upon.

This prevents cleaning and

maintenance of the nallahs

causing water logging mainly

during monsoon.

Table 6-8 nallahs in the town

S.No. Name of Nallah Description Length

1 Ganda Nallah 01 Bus stand towards Orchha Road 2.50 Kms

2 Ganda Nallah 02 Bus stand to Rada Sagar Talab 0.75 Kms

3 Ganda Nallah 03 Bus stand-tehrka road-shamshan

ghat – finally meets Jamini River in

the East

1.75 Kms (in

municipal

limits)


Apart from these, the town has about 15 kms of storm water road side drains.

Though there is no detailed survey data available, but through visual survey it can

be noted that storm water drains in Prithvipur are generally pucca drains with lesser

% of kuchha drains but in the remaining parts almost 50% of the drains are pucca

and 50% of them are kuchha.

Table 6-9 Drains in the town

Pukki Drains Kutchi drains Total Drains

7.15 Kms 7.95 Kms 15 Kms


Figure 6-6 Road side drains


57

6.3.1 Demand & Gap for Storm Water

Table 6-10 Demand Gap analysis

Year Population Served

(100%)

Desired Length of network @

130% of road length(km)

Existing Length

of Network (Km)

Gap(k

m)

2011 26883 61.16 15.1 46.06

2015 29034 66.05 50.95

2025 34840 79.26 64.16

2035 40066 91.15 76.05

Source: Consultant‘s Analysis

Due to the very vast area of the Prithvipur Municipal limits, there is a requirement of

proper storm water drainage system in the entire habitable areas so as to tackle the

problems of flooding in the urban areas. To achieve the same the ULB needs to

maintain a ratio of 1:1.3 for construction of Roads to Storm Water Drains

respectively.

6.3.2 Issues/Goals and Objectives/ Development Strategies

Storm Water

ISSUES:

Uncovered drains are subjected to disposal of solid waste resulting in clogging of drains

and spread of malaria

Water logging and flooding causes health hazards especially during monsoon

SECTORAL GOAL:

To provide healthy and environmentally safesystem of drainage for entire population


Improving coverage of drains in water logged areas

Prohibitive measures to control encroachments and illegal constructions in natural

streams/ nallas and on drains.

Developing city wide network of drains covering 100% of road length

Connecting new developments with the existing network.

Adapting Recycling and Reuse mechanism for treated wastewater

STRATEGIES:

Conversion of 7.95 Kms of kutcha drain in to pukka drain

Channelizing of the major Nallah for a length of 4 kms

Construction of about 13.5 kms of drains on both sides of the road.


58

6.4 Solid Waste Management

6.4.1 Quantity of Solid Waste

As indicated in the above chapters, Prithvipur has a population of 26883 (2011), and

the Municipality generates about 6.72 MT of MSW at a rate of 250 gms/ head-day

which is more than 3.7 MT of waste which the ULB claims to collect. Out of the

entire solid waste bio degradable waste accounts for roughly 35-40% of total waste

and rest of the waste have been characterized like inert and recyclables. Out of the

entire generated waste 70% of waste will come from households and rest of the

waste comes from different sources like hotels, hospitals, commercial

establishments, markets, etc.

6.4.2 Present practice of Solid Waste Management

Storage and Collection

At present Prithvipur does not practices segregation at source as a whole.

Individuals‘ dump their domestic waste into the community bins or it is collected by

hand carts. From the tricycle it is disposed into the nearest community ring bins.

Finally this waste is collected by tractors/dumpers by the ULB.

It was observed that the people were thrown the waste into vacant sites, open

spaces though community bins were in close proximity. Due to this, waste was

strewn outside the bin, and when there was wind and rains, the wastes got

Town is dispersed and fragmented with parts other than Prithvipur having rural background and

thus are quite clean. All the solid waste is collected at particular points and then disposed off.

Waste coming from cattle is used as manure in agriculture fields.

Opposite to this, the core area has an urban background with lots of solid waste collection and

disposal problems. Roads and drains here are quite narrow. Roads and drains of the town are

cleaned everyday by the workers of Nagar Parishad. After cleaning, the waste from roads and

drains is collected at various points along the road itself. Later, a tractor trolley collects this waste

and dumps it near cemetery outside the town. Though, 5 hectares of land has been allotted in

ward no. 13, still it’s not being used due to lack of infrastructure.

Figure 6-8 Waste collection in the areas with

rural background

Figure 6-7 Solid waste being collected by the

workers.


59

dispersed, creating nuisance and unhygienic conditions. These wastes are also

choking the drains, creating stagnant conditions for the proliferation of mosquitoes.

Transportation

After collecting the waste from different areas & from different sources it is being

transported with tractors/dumpers to the dumping site. Tractor-trailers (2) are

mainly used for transportation of waste. The tractors are deployed to collect the

wastes from the main roads and other major roads and in the cross roads of

markets and commercial areas. Transportation involves, movement of vehicles to

various temporary storage points, manual loading of wastes using baskets and other

lifting tools, lifting of wastes from open yards on the way to the disposal site and

transportation to disposal site. The following table shows, existing municipal

equipments for solid waste management.

Table 6-11: Infrastructure details for Solid Waste Management

Type Units Quantity

Waste Generation

Total Solid Waste generated MT/day 6.72

Waste Collection

Total waste collected by Municipality

MT/day 3.70

No. of waste bins 24 (but are in very bad condition)

Capacity of each bin cu.m 4-5

Frequency of collection no. of trips

3 trips per day

Waste Transporta

tion

No. of sanitary workers Nos. 54

Disposal Site Trenching Ground (5 Ha land in

Ward 13 near Sidh Mandir)

Near crematorium (Ward 9)

Near Hospital (Ward 3)

Bus Stand (Ward 2)

Near Police Station (Ward 3)

Chowk Bazaar (Ward 8)

Near Mazjid (Ward 8 and 9)

Vehicular Fleet Tractor Dumper Mud Pump JCB Handcart Fire Brigade

Nos. 2 - - - 25 01

Source: Nagar Parishad, Prithvipur


60

6.4.3 Demand Gap Analysis

As per the UDPFI guidelines, the total waste generated by the small towns comes

out to be 250 grams per person per day. Based on the standards, it can be

estimated that, at present in 2011 about 6.72 MT of solid waste is generated in the

city. This is almost double than the amount of waste which is collected by the Nagar

Parishad presently. With the increase in population, the amount of waste generated

would reach a value of 8.71 MT in the year 2025 and would be about 10 MT by the

year 2035.

Table 6-12: Demand-Gap analysis of Solid Waste

Year Demand Existing Gap

2011 6.72 3.7 3.02

2015 7.26 3.56

2025 8.71 5.01

2035 10.02 6.32


Table 6-13: Demand for SWM in Prithvipur

Year 2011 2015 2025 2035

Population 26883 29034 34840 40066

Solid Waste Generation 6.72 7.26 8.71 10.02

Sweepers (required) 67 73 87 100

Push Carts (required) 28 30 36 42

Closed Bins (required) 13 15 17 20

Mini Waste collector 1 for 7 MT


6.4.4 Issues/Goal/Objectives/Strategies and Action Plan

Solid Waste Management

ISSUES:

No organized system for collection, transportation and disposal of domestic and other

city solid wastes.

Lack of adequate equipment for collection and disposal of solid waste

Inadequate solid waste disposal ground

Unhealthy disposal method

Lack of source recovery mechanisms/systems

SECTORAL GOAL:

To ensure scientific and environmentally safe solid waste management system for a

healthy and clean city for future


To make 100% collection of waste in a segregated manner through door-to-door


61

collection system, & Integrate Rag pickers role in collection, Sweeping of street in day

and night shifts

To dispose the waste in a scientific manner with large scope for reuse and recycle

including conversion of waste to resource.

To achieve efficiency in operations through participatory collection/ disposal system

Special attention to ‗slums‘, markets and sweeping of roads is given in the process of

designing systems.

Out sourcing of secondary collection & transportation; Management contract for land fill

& Waste to Energy; Develop PPP for mechanism

STRATEGIES:

Door to door collection has to be experimented and with implementation of source

segregation the processing of waste could also be undertaken.

A three tier waste handling system with transfer stations can be implemented in the

city. Such a system will not only improve the Solid Waste Management (SWM) but will

also reduce the running of the transport vehicles and thereby reduce the cost of

operation of SW Management.

SWM is an area amenable for P-P-P and introduction of user charge. The Municipality

should experiment outsourcing in a few wards together with responsibility for user

charge collection by the private operator. However, this can be successful only if it is

combined with a strong and vigorous community mobilization effort which is best

undertaken by commissioning a good NGO for the purpose.

The P-P-P experiment in a few areas can also be given to the CDS formed in slum

areas. This will provide employment and also strengthen the CDS to undertake other

community oriented works.

Public sector participation (PSP) should be invited for establishing suitable waste

processing plant that could be either composting or waste to energy.

The waste generated from the processing plant and non-recyclable and other waste

should be disposed off in sanitary landfill facility. Immediate steps need to be taken for

developing such sanitary landfill facility.

6.4.5 Few Recommendation for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad to improve Solid Waste

Management in the city

RECOMMENDATION 1 – Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan

The local governments should effectively involve the private sector in delivering the

solid waste management service. The rationale for private sector participation

includes attracting project funding, new technology, cost savings and service

delivery improvements.


62

An Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan has been evolved to achieve the above

discussed goal and objectives.

The above Solid Waste Management Hierarchy explains the preferred ways of

addressing solid waste. At the top of the pyramid (tier one) is the Source Reduction

which is the first thing to be achieved. Second (tier 2) is reuse of an item, which

helps reduce the amount of waste consumed. Tier three is recycling. Waste that

cannot be reused or recycled can be combusted for energy recovery (tier four) and

finally Incineration, without energy recovery (tier 5) and Landfills (tier six) are found

at the bottom of the hierarchy are the least preferred ones.

RECOMMENDATION 2 - Low Cost composting facility

PDKV Model

The Biotechnology Centre of Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh

Krishi Vidyapeeth (PDKV), Akola has developed a low cost

but effective process and micro-biological cultures to

convert organic waste into excellent quality organic

manure within a short period of time. Inorganic and non-

biodegradable products like plastic, metals, rubber,

stone, bricks etc., are recovered for different uses. Other

non- degradable and non-recyclable remnants (around

15% of the original volumes), are disposed in the

sanitary landfills. Fully matured and stabilized organic

manure with the desired composition is thus recovered.

The enriched organic fertilizer is subjected to chemical

and biological tests after which it is bagged and sold. As

per PDKV design, a compost facility of 25 MT/day will

have the following components-


63

6.5 Roads and Traffic Management

6.5.1 Connectivity of Prithvipur

In view of regional connectivity, Prithvipur is well connected by road network. There

are direct roads which connect other important town in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar

Pradesh like connecting Jhansi, Tikamgarh, Orchaa, Panna and Chattarpur. The state

highways 37& NH 12A pass through the city.

Since is the city located on the state highway 37&NH 12A the movement of people

and goods are convenient enough. Around 70 buses ply in and out of Prithvipur. All

of these are private buses as M.P.S.R.T.C has been dissolved.

Table 6-14: Details of State Highway connecting Prithvipur

S. no. NH/ SH Number

1 SH 37 connecting Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh) - Orchaa - Tikamgarh -

Prithvipur - Jabalpur

2 NH 12A connecting Jabalpur-Chhatarpur


Prithvipur is situated at Jhansi- Tikamgarh road (NH-12) which makes connectivity between

towns and commuting easy. The road crosses by the town and due to absence of a Bus stand,

Fawwara chowk, Jeron tiraha are use as bus stops creating congestion and other traffic

problems in the area.

Apart from this, Niwari- Sagar road also crosses by the town which constitutes of heavy goods

traffic. Due to its proximity to Orcha, Jhansi lots of foreign tourists also come here.

Within the town, connectivity is good but to the nearby villages it’s a problem. New bus stand is

being constructed at the allotted site after which the traffic conditions in the area are expected

to improve.

Figure 6-9 Situation of road due to absence of

Bus Stand

Figure 6-10 Local Transport


64

6.5.2 Road Network

The town of Prithvipur has a road network of about 35 Km including Tar, Semi-

Pukka, Kutcha and Concrete roads. Though as per the standards prescribed, the

desired length of road per capita is 1.75 meters. In the present scenario, Prithvipur

has an existing length of 1.3 meters per capita which is close to the prescribed norm

of 1.75 meters per capita. The demand for road till the year 2035 is also based on

the same assumption. It is essential to make this assumption because the future

requirement the length of roads will determine the requirements for other sectors

like water distribution network, sewage network and storm water drains.

Table 6-15: Showing break-up of road surface area

S.No. Type of road Length of road

1 Tar Road 05 Km

2 Semi Pukka 04 Km

3 Cement Concrete 11 Km

4 Kuchha 15 Km


Kuchha and Semi-pakka roads

CC roadds in town


65

BT roads in town

6.5.3 Highly congested parts of town

Due to the unavailability of required open space, many parts of the town are highly

congested like:

Fuwarra Tiraha

Jeron Tiraha

Lok Mann Choraha

Jeron Road

Main Road to Chowk Bazaar Road

6.5.4 Bus Stand

There is Bus stand present which operates at Jeron Tiraha, but lacks infrastructure

facilities despite the fact that buses are the major means of transport for the city.

There are almost 70 buses which operate from Prithvipur and connect to major

towns. Apart from these there are about 60-70 sharing Autos and Magic Vans which

connects Prithvipur to nearby small towns.

A new bus stand is under construction at Therka Road near the sump well and is

built under IDSMT Scheme.

6.5.5 Demand and Gap Analysis:

The total road length in the city of Prithvipur comes out to be around 30 km which is

based on data provided by the ULB. This includes both the Kuchcha and Pucca

roads. As per the standards prescribed, the desired length of road per capita is 1.75

meters. In the present scenario, Prithvipur has an existing length of 1.10 meters per

capita. The town would need additional 20 Km of road by the year 2015.


66

Table 6-16: Demand and Gap Analysis for required road length

Year Population Required Road Length @ 1.75m/per person(Km) Existing

(Km)

Gap(Km)

2011 26883 47.05 35 12.05

2015 29034 50.81 25.81

2025 34840 60.97 25.97

2035 40066 70.12 35.12


6.5.6 Issues/ Goal/Objectives/Strategies and Action Plan

Roads and Transportation

ISSUES:

The city road network lacks a functional hierarchy

The central area has congested road network and the more traffic

The absence of adequate geometry at intersections further adds to the traffic problems in

the city.

The city roads lack the maintenance

Disruption in traffic due to movement of cattle

On street parking problem, especially in the core area

SECTORAL GOAL:

To ensure easy and safe accessibility through cost effective public transportation and good

quality roads for vehicular and pedestrian use


Effective Traffic Management Plan for the city

Development of parking lots in the city

Development of adequate road length as per norms

STRATEGIES:

Construction of new roads is the need of the hour.

Replacement of existing kutcha roads with asphalt surfaces.

Construction of additional20 Kms of roads by 2015

Converting 15 kms of kutcha roads in to pukka surface by 2015

Converting 4 Kms of Semi Kutch Road to pukka surface by 2015

Construction of a by-pass on Orchaa road from Bhedfarm to Jeron Khalsa road at Karguan

Road & Junction improvements

Develop traffic management system.Installing a traffic management plan which may be

revised every year and every six months later which includes a layout for traffic signals,

one-way routes, no entry zones, etc.

Promoting Safe Pedestrian Movement.

Construction of parking lots near public places, market areas etc. and along the major

roads by removing encroachments.


67

7 Slums and Poverty

7.1 Background

Madhya Pradesh has consistently been progressive in terms of policy and legislation

for the poor. It was the first state in country to hold elections to Panchayti Raj

Institutions after the passing of the 73rd Amendment of the Constitution in 1991. It

commissioned the Human Development Report to identify the lacunae and the

achievements of the Constitution to make the Urban governance more accountable

and to devolve power to the grassroots. In 1984, the state govt. enacted the ―Patta

Act‖ or the M.P. Nagariya Kshetro ke Bhumihin Vyakti Adhiniyam. This act granted

leasehold of tensure to landless urban dwellers on municipal. Following on the heels

of the Patta act, in 1984 the state govt. also introduced the ―single batti‖ yojna. This

scheme gave a single point electric connection to every house at a nominal cost, to

those with 30 years patta. In 1988, the Patta act was amended to absorb the new

slums and to make functional changes with respect to scope, tenure, Mohalla samitis

and Patta rules.

7.2 Concerned Institutions and their role in Madhya Pradesh

Following departments are primarily concerned with city and slum developments:

Housing Environment Department

Department of Urban Administration and Development

Revenue Department

Local Administration

Public Health and Engineering Department

Water Resource Department

Electricity Department

Department of Social Welfare

Department of Women and Child Welfare

There is no holistic approach in which the activities of all the special bodies are

converged for a common ultimate goal. The sectoral approach leads to piecemeal

implementation of projects that may leave important gaps and inconsistencies.


68

7.3 Slum Profile of the City

Based on the survey which was conducted by the Nagar Parishad Prithvipur there

were 6 notified slum areas in Prithvipur Municipal Area. Although a detailed survey is

required to assess the situation accurately, but based on the information available it

can be observed that the slum population of the city is more than 5600. The slum

population accounts to almost 20% of the total population.

Table 7-1: Unauthorized slums within the city

Sl no Name of slum Ward Population Slum

Population

1. Part of Ward No. 4 1591 636

2. Part of Ward No. 5 1175 470

3. Ward 12 1197 957

4. Ward 13 1480 1184

5. Ward 14 1592 1273

6. Ward 15 1435 1148

Total 8470 5668


7.4 Poverty

Table 7-2: Ward-wise number of persons holding various ration cards

Ward Number APL BPL AAY

Ward 1 220 120 34

Ward 2 220 125 31

Ward 3 246 96 28

Ward 4 149 157 47

Ward 5 58 235 61

Ward 6 185 48 63

Ward 7 96 145 53

Ward 8 138 78 45

Ward 9 154 143 47

Ward 10 223 316 45

Ward 11 52 254 89

Ward 12 42 173 41

Ward 13 28 247 35

Ward 14 27 241 56

Ward 15 36 261 65

Total 1874 2639 740


A survey of BPL households in Prithvipur revealed that there are more than 2639

BPL households in Prithvipur. The present figures for ration card distribution indicate

that 740 families have been issued Antyodaya Food Scheme (AAY) ration cards. The

remaining BPL households are expected to be covered soon. The wards with a high

BPL to total household ratio combined with a high number of BPL families (higher


69

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

AAY

BPL

APL

than the average for each ward) may be labelled as priority areas for socio-

economic development.

There is an interesting observation which was made in the pattern of distribution of

BPL families, slum pockets and SC population in Prithvipur. It was observed that the

ward no 13,14,15 which have very high BPL population invariably have high SC

population as well and also the slum pockets are largely located in these wards

only.

7.5 Status of Services Slums in Prithvipur

7.5.1 Density and Open Space

The slums are of low to medium density. There is no uniform distribution of slums in

the entire slum area. In some pockets it is dense whereas in some pockets it is low.

Both the characteristics i.e. cluster formations and scattered habitations were

noticed during the site visit.

7.5.2 Housing

One can see mixture of housing

from pucca, semi-pucca(where

there is brick masonry with mud

plaster) to kuchha mud houses.

Most of the existing structures or

housing units are single storied,

one to two room houses

averaging an area of 300-400 sq.

feet. Few of the housing units are

pucca. As per visual observation

the ratio between the two may be

around 30:70. The quality of

housing stock depends on a

combination of factors such as the age of settlement, level of tenure security and

infrastructure provisions.

Figure 7-2 Residential pattern in slums

Figure 7-1BPL/ AAY families


70

7.5.3 Roads

It was noticed that almost 90-95%

of the area had WBM and kuchha

roads. Only 5-10% of the road was

cemented which was also not laid

properly causing stagnation of

waste water. In general it might be

said that the approach roads within

the slum areas were not good and

as such no surface drains were

observed, road gradient was also

not proper, hence causing

hindrance to the surface drainage

and is responsible for unsanitary conditions.

7.5.4 Water

The most common problem in

most of the slums is that the

water is available from hand

pumps near main road and

people have to carry water to the

internal areas in buckets through

kuchha lanes. Near to these hand

pumps dirty water gets

accumulated in pits leading to

mosquito breeding and also

polluting the ground water

indirectly affecting the human

health and putting it at risk unknowingly.

7.5.5 Sanitation- Toilets Drains and Sewerage

Toilets and drainage are clearly

problems in every slum. Less

than 20% of the households have

access to some toilet facility

within the community. More than

80% of the people go for open

defecation. In the slums

observed, although the number of

individual toilets was low, there

was space and demand for

individual toilets in most places.

Domestic waste generated in the locality flows into the open drains, due to the

improper gradient and faulty design sewage gets accumulated and leads to the

water borne and viral diseases. Choking of drains is yet another problem which can

Figure 7-3 Road network in slums,

ward no. 12

Figure 7-4 water supply in slums

Figure 7-5 Drains in slums


71

be seen clearly. Apart from the faulty design at most of the places, links of open

drains are missing which also aggravates the problem.

7.5.6 Garbage

There is little or no access to

solid waste management services

provided by the municipal

maintenance systems. Solid

waste bins shall be placed at

various points and regular

collection by the Municipality

shall be done. As such there is

very little collection of garbage

within the slums, it is generally

thrown into the nallah which the

residents recognize as one of the

reason for choking and overflowing of the drains etc.

7.5.7 Land Tenure

Majority of the slums are located either on govt. land or private land. The

percentages of people living on patta land are very less.

7.6 Issues/Goal/Objectives/Strategies and Action Plan

Slums and Poverty

ISSUES:

Lack of basic urban infrastructure within the slums.

Most of the slum population engaged in low return income generating activities.

Coverage in terms of target population and target areas of the slum upgradation and

poverty alleviation programs insufficient.

Lack of awareness among the people about poverty alleviation programmes

SECTORAL GOAL:

To make Prithvipur a city where there are no families living in slums, and where all

residents have access to affordable and reliable basic services


Improvement of housing infrastructure and civic amenities in slum areas

Business Incubation centre for assistance in enterprise development and setting up of co-

operative societies

Cover all slum areas with service levels at par with the surrounding zones i.e. 100%

accessibility to basic infrastructure services

STRATEGIES:

Internal rods or footpaths shall be provided in slums such that all houses have clean and

paved access.

At present there is no underground storm water drainage in Prithvipur. In monsoons the

rain water flows in open drains and often on to the roads and surroundings areas. In

slums, the conditions are particularly treacherous because the roads are kuchha which

Figure 7-6 Solid waste management in

slums


72

become muddy and slippery. Therefore there is need to introduce storm water drainage in

slums as a part alongside the roads to facilitate the drainage and to avoid stagnation and

water pool creation. A complete drainage network shall be introduced to collect the storm

water and release it to the nearby natural drain.

Slum free city action plan shall be prepared with socio-economic analysis for the existing

slums with GIS and MIS system.

Formulation of Notification and De-notification Policy

Relocation of slums located in non -hazardous and non-vulnerable Areas

Provision of basic infrastructure - both physical (water, roads, sanitation and sewerage)

and social infrastructure (clinics, schools, training facilities, etc).

Cross-linking the employment schemes with housing improvement programme to ensure

urban poor‘s involvement in development Connecting new developments with the existing

network.

Business Incubation centre for assistance in enterprise development and setting up of co-

operative societies


73

8 Heritage Conservation and Tourism

The region of Tikamgarh has been a part of the vast empire of the Mauryas, the

Sangas and the Guptas. During the first quarter of the 9th century A.D., Mannuka

founded a new Chandela Dynasty in this area. Tikamgarh along with Khajuraho and

Mahoba was a part of the extended Chandela kingdom. The Khangar Dynasty also

established its sovereignty around this region especially Garha Kudar. The rising

power of the Bundelas in this region led to the downfall of the Khangars. The Orchha

archives trace the descent of the Bundela kingdom from Garha Kudar to Orchha. The

name of the district originates from the headquarter town of Tehri of Orchha State.

In 1783 A.D. Raja Vikramajit shifted his capital from Orchha town to Tehri and

renamed it Tikamgarh. However, Tikamgarh was officially recognized in 1887. This

name was adopted in the honour of lord Krishna, Tikam being one of his

appellations.

8.1 Heritage Structures

The town has a fort called as Prithvipur Fort which is in very dilapidated condition.

Apart from the fort there are no othet heritage structures (tangible heritage) under

the jurisdiction of Prithvipur Nagar Parishad.

8.2 Existing Heritage Regulations

At present there is no state archeological legislation for heritage structure in the

state of Madhya Pradesh. The important heritage structures are directly under

archeological survey of India. However different state authorities have provided

certain provision for heritage structure preservation in the state of Madhya Pradesh.

Town and country planning act, 1973 and Bhumi Vikas Niyam have provided the

legal provisions to protect and preserve the heritage structures in the state of

Madhya Pradesh.

8.3 Potential for Tourism

As such there is no prominent recreational area or tourist place in Prithvipur town

and hence the town doesn‘t have any remarkable tourism activity. Apart from that,

some areas can be developed as Regional tourism or recreational areas which have

a potential to attract people from other towns. The areas which are identified for the

development as tourism center are:

Radha Sagar Talaab (ward 3)

This beautiful lake is spread over

a very large area. The road along

its periphery has also been

upgraded and developed which

add up to its beauty.


74

Jer Talaab (ward 13)

This is a small lake use to supply

water in Jer village. There is a

scope of Ghat development and

park development along its edges.

Ashru Mata Mela

This is an old temple which is situated at some distance from the town. A

10 days mela is held here every year right after Ramnavmi. People from

nearby villages come to participate.

Volleyball Tournament

Every year in January, All India Amar Singh Volleyball Tournament is held

here in which teams from all the division of the state take part. This 7 days

tournament becomes one of the recreational event which attracts lots of

people from the region.


Heritage Conservation and Tourism

ISSUES:

Lack of proper maintenance of tourists and heritage sites and structures

Lack of adequate basic infrastructure around heritage or tourists precints

Absence of any tourist promotion strategy

SECTORAL GOAL:

To improve local tourism opportunities in Prithvipu


Well connected tourist destinations with proper infrastructure and maintenance

STRATEGIES:

Development of tourist spots

Development of Radha Sagar Talab and Jer Talab as recreational areas, with

development of boating facilities, park and picnic spot.

Clear encroachment and improve accessibility

Improve Streetscape

Install signages, maps to assist in way finding systems.

Install street furniture to improve urbanscape.

Sensitize citizens towards conservation and hospitality

For lasting preservation of tourist spots and a healthy interaction between the citizens

and the visitors

Incentives for formal and informal hospitality initiatives like bed breakfast lodging etc,

restaurant and catering businesses

ACTION PLANS:

Upgradation of Transport Network: Creating proper access to the site as well as

establishing efficient public transport network connecting tourist spots to the main city

area is the basic step required to promote tourism.


75

Infrastructure Up gradation: Installation of basic services such as water supply,

sanitation, sewage disposal, power supply and waste management are basic

infrastructural inputs required to develop an area into a tourist precinct.

Provision of Basic Amenities: Installation of basic tourist amenities such as rest

areas, accommodation, restaurants, information centres etc.

Creation of Recreational Spaces around these precincts would help in attracting

people to these areas and cater to their recreational needs.

Enhancing the environmental attributes of the city—the state of pollution, traffic

chaos and disorder, cleanliness of the public domain and the legibility in a city accounts

for a city‘s environmental attributes. As the city of Prithvipur scores low in all these

domains, there is a dire need to enhance its environmental attributes by taking

measures to lower traffic congestion, chaos, disorder and ensure cleanliness.

Installation of way finding systems and appropriate signage is a must to enhance

legibility in the city and make the city tourist friendly.

Enhancing the image of SH and NH as a gateway to the city of Prithvipur would help

in improving the image ability of the city. There is also a need to render an appropriate

image to the other approach roads to the city.

Ownership and Maintenance: As the nature of ownership / ownership pattern in a

city reflects the status of maintenance of structures and places, it becomes essential to

work out a clear ownership pattern of important structures and precincts in the city.

Ownership disputes often lead to negligence in the maintenance of the areas and

structures adding to the precinct‘s illegibility.

Organization of cultural events such as light and sound shows, fares, pilgrimage

walks etc. would promote visits to such places in the city.


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9 Environment

9.1 District at a glance

9.1.1 Flora & Fauna

Flora: The forest cover around the Jamuni River which supplies water to Tikamgarh

town is mainly classified as southern tropical dry deciduous forest. The landscape

around Timamgarh is mainly covered by shrubs, herbs and grass. The commonly

found shrubs and herbs are Adusa, Aak, Baibirang, Chhind, Charota, Dudhi,

Gokharu, Harsingar, Karonda, Nagphani and Ratanjot.

The dry deciduous forest has Teak and Kardhi as prime species growing with other

species like Haldu, Sejna, Arjun, Saja, Bija, Kasi, Reunjha, Shisham, Tendu, Palas,

Khair, Achar and Mahua. Among trees, Palash, Bel, Kewanch, Ratti, Ghunchi and

Satawar are commonly seen.

Fauna: In the dry deciduous forest the fauna comprises spotted deer, Blue bull,

Peacock, Wild pig, Monkey, Jackal etc. Besides these, bovine population is also

adequately distributed in the region.

Source: Ministry of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board, North Central

Region, GoI,2009

Figure 9-1: Percentage coverage of Forests in Tikamgarh

District


77

9.1.2 Ground Water Development

The District of Tikamgarh has been identified as one of the poorest districts of the

country by the Planning Commission, Govt. of India. The reason is consistent

draught, high rate of desertification, water scarcity and sanitation problems. The

overall environmental degradation is evident through following environmental

assessment of the town. The assessment is based on primary, secondary resources

of data and information and field observations. The major secondary sources

identified are:

Development Alternatives Report – Bundelkhand Region

Status of Environmental Report – Tikamgarh District 2009

Tikamgarh District Ground Water Information Booklet – CGWB 2009

S.No. Parameters Statistics

1 Geomorphology

Major Physiographic units:

1. The hill ranges.

2. The intermountain fertile

valleys.

Major Drainage: 1. Betwa River.

2. Dhasan River.

2 Landuse (Sq.Km):

1. Forest area

2. Net Sown area

3. Cultivable area

294.38

2619.20

2409.51

3 Major Soil Types: Black Humus Granitic & yellowish grey colour with Kankar soils.

4 Irrigation by different sources:

Source Nos. Area Irrigated (Sq.Km)

Tube wells/Bore wells 1955 88.73

Dug wells 76215 1235.74

Canal 175 134.80

Tanks/Ponds 276 105.13

Net irrigated area - 1629.76

Gross Irrigated Area - 2067.78

5 No. Of Ground Water Monitoring Wells of CGWB(As on 31.03.2007)

No. Of Dug Wells 15

No. Of Piezometers 07

6 Predominant Geological Formations Bundelkhand Granite and

Gneisses

7 Hydrology

Major Water Bearing Formation

Granite and Gneisses Alluvium.

Pre-Monsoon Depth to water level (2007)

Post-monsoon depth to water level (2007)

6.44mbgl-16.58 mbgl

3.80 mbgl – 13.30 mbgl

8 Ground Water Exploration by CGWB( As on


78

31.03.2007)

No. of wells drilled Total

Depth range (m)

Discharge (lps)

53

60.97m – 200mbgl

<1 lps – 6.25 lps

9 Ground Water Quality:

Presence of chemical constituents more than

permissible limits (e.g. EC, F, As, Fe)

NIL

10 Dynamic Ground Water Resources (2004)

Annual Replenishable Ground Water Resources 766.14 MCM

Net Annual Ground Water Draft 393.73 MCM

Projected Demand for Domestic and Industrial uses

upto 2025

37.66 MCM

Stage of Ground Water Development 51%

Major ground water problems and issues

1. Depletion of ground water

level.

2. Drought due to ground water,

over exploitation

3. Salinity problems at places.

Source: Ministry of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board, North Central Region, GoI,2009

9.1.3 Land Use in Tikamgarh and rest of MP Bundelkhand Region

Land use pattern in MP Bundelkhand districts is not significantly different from the

rest of MP. Net sown area in Tikamgarh district is relatively lower than rest of the

districts in MP Bundelkhand region which is shown below.

Table 9-1: Land use in UP Bundelkhand (2004-05) and MP Bundelkhand (2005-06) districts

District Total area in

hectares

Percentage of total area under different uses

Notified

forest

land

Non-

agri

use

Barren

land

Grazing

land

Under

misc

tree

crops

Cultivable

wasteland

Net

sown

Datia 2,95,874 8.4 7.3 4.9 1.5 0.9 5.2 66.7

Chhatarpur 8,63,036 24.8 5.1 0.2 7.4 0 7.5 46.8

Tikamgarh 5,04,002 13.7 4.7 14.2 4.6 0 4.2 47.8

Panna 7,02,924 42.6 5.9 3.2 1.2 NA 8 35.8

Prithvipur 7,28,583 36.8 4.4 8.1 4.6 0 1.8 42.7

Sagar 10,22,759 29.1 5.1 1.9 8 0 0.9 52.7

MP

Bundelkhand

41,17,178 28.5 5.2 4.6 5.2 4.4 47.2

MP 3,07,55,752 28.3 6.3 4.7 4.3 0 3.8 48.7

Source: www.bundelkhandinfo.com


79

9.1.4 Soil Types in Tikamgarh District

Soils derived from parent rocks are of three types i.e. black humus granitic and

yellowish grey colour with kankar soils are derived due to disintegration and

decomposition of parent rocks.

Figure 9-2: Soil Productivity Map of Tikamgarh District

9.1.5 Groundwater Use in Tikamgarh and rest of MP Bundelkhand Districts

Except in the ravine belts along the Yamuna in the northern extreme of

Bundelkhand, and in the Panna-Ajaigarh hill ranges, water is available at fairly

accessible depths in most inhabited parts of Bundelkhand.Data from the Union

government's Minor Irrigation Census (2000-01) show that in the majority of the

region's villages, groundwater is available at a depth of up to 30 metres.

Table 9-2: Groundwater level in villages (2000-2001)

Percentage of total villages in districts according to groundwater levels

<10 m 10 m-30 m 30 m-70 m >70 m

Datia 21 70 9 Neg

Chhatarpur 62 37 Neg 0

Tikamgarh 60 40 0 Neg

Panna 84 15 Neg Neg

Source: Ministry of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board, North Central

Region, GoI,2009


80

Prithvipur 68 23 4 5

Sagar 84 15 Neg Neg

MP Bundelkhand 69 29 2 1

MP 57 40 2 Neg

9.1.6 Irrigation Sources in Bundelkhand

Groundwater, mainly extracted from open wells, is the main source of irrigation in

Bundelkhand. In Panna, Sagar and Prithvipur, water from mountain springs are a

major 'other' source of irrigation.

Table 9-3: Percentage of net irrigated area and sources of irrigation in MP Bundelkhand (2005-

06) districts

Net irrigated area as

% of net sown area

% of net irrigated area by source

Canals Tanks Tubewells Other

wells

Other

sources

Datia 68 55 Neg 1 42 Neg

Chhatarpur 56 9 2 Neg 75 12

Tikamgarh 68 8 6 5 76 4

Panna 33 12 7 7 22 52

Prithvipur 36 9 Neg 26 24 41

Sagar 44 2 1 17 50 31

MP Bundelkhand 50 14 3 9 53 21

MP 38 18 3 26 40 14

Source: www.bundelkhandinfo.com

9.2 Ground Water Development

As per ground water resource estimation of Tikamgarh district for the year 2004, the

available ground water resources and gross annual ground water drafts are 766.14

MCM and 393.73 MCM respectively, making stage of ground water development

51% as a whole for the district. Thus, there is enough scope for feature

development of ground water resources in the district.

All 6 blocks namely Tikamgarh, Palera, Prithvipur, Jatara, Prithivipur and Baldeogarh

are falling under safe categories. Decadal water trend analysis reveals falling trend

of water level during pre and post monsoon seasons. After making allocation for

future domestic and industrial water supply upto next 25 years balance available

ground water at 50%$ stage of ground water development safe limit in Tikamgarh

district would be 354.97 MCM. If 70% of balance available ground water resources is

to be developed through dug wells and 30% through tube wells, than at suitable

hydro geological location tentatively 24800 new dug wells and 2775 new tube wells

for irrigation can be constructed in the district, considering unit draft of dug wells

and tube wells 0.01 and 0.04 MCM respectively.

http://www.bundelkhandinfo.com/


81

Figure 9-3: Overview of Ground Water Resources

9.3 Pollution

9.3.1 Soil Pollution

There is no data available on soil pollution samples so the analysis is based on field

observation and previous experience. Prithvipur does not have an underground

sewerage system. Each building or a cluster of buildings, in case of small houses,

have separate septic tanks with an average volume of 100 cu.ft. approximately. The

septic tanks are designed with a ―waffle wall‖ separator to sieve off the waste water

which flows either into the open drain network or open ground. The solid and liquid

waste percolates in the ground polluting the soil and further polluting the ground

water. There is a need of extensive awareness generation activities in this regard.

There exists a lot of open defecation near the potable sources of water, this should

be stopped. The households not having access to either private or community toilets

resort to open defecation near the settlements. Depending on the space available,

this could be on the nallah, or open ground.

9.3.2 Air Pollution

Though the pollution levels are not alarming at present, it may reach threshold

level. Pollution control measures need to be formulated and enforced. Due to

unpaved roads and open drain channels the presence of dust particles in air is

extremely high. Also vehicles running on diesel and petrol add up to the air pollution

level. Formulation and enforcement of effective pollution control measures are

lacking. Presently there is no information available on the air quality and pollution

levels in Prithvipur, however based on visual observations made during various visits

Source: Ministry of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board, North Central Region, GoI,2009


82

it can be expected that air pollution levels are comparatively higher along Jeron

Road and Jhansi Road

9.3.3 WaterPollution

The key causes of water pollution in the town are the discharge of untreated sewage

and deposition of solid waste in the course of natural drains and nalllahs. The

nallahs flowing through the town are subjected to disposal of garbage at many

locations which obstructs their flow resulting in accumulation of water. These

locations then become grounds for mosquito breeding.

Under developed drainage network and undeveloped waste water conveyance

system leads to the stagnation of storm water and waste water at various locations

of the town leading to unhygienic conditions which pose serious threat to the health

of the citizens.

The tube wells located in close proximity to the nallahs and septic tanks located near

ground water source also pose serious threat of water contamination

9.3.1 Noise Pollution

There is no data available on the level of noise pollution. Though based on the

primary data and consultation with the stakeholders, it has been observed that the

noise level at the Bus Stand causes a lot of inconvenience for the residents and shop

keepers. This noise pollution is generated because of the continuous traffic of buses,

tractors and trucks movement along these roads.


Environment

ISSUES:

Depletion of ground water table

Water logging in the low lying areas specially during the monsoon

Absence of sewerage system in the city

Indiscriminate dumping of garbage

Pollution of water bodies and lakes

SECTORAL GOAL:

To upgrade the city environment for abetter quality of life and safe future forinhabitants


Adoption of a ―Green Prithvipur‖ resolution

Conservation of green spaces, natural landscape and natural drainage

Build parks and promenades along natural drain to rejuvenate the water body

Encourage tree plantation interspersed with future development

Make water-harvesting compulsory for households/ colonies

Conservation of lakes and Bawdi‘s and recharging the dug wells.

ACTION PLAN:

Strict norms for pollution control

The pollution norms should be strictly enforced and any violator should be penalized. The norms


83

and standards for vehicle emission, air quality should be developed and standardized. The

norms should be identified for the environmentally sensitive areas of the city. The detail action

plans should be worked out for regular pollution check of air, noise, water and ground water

table in the city.

Prevention of Pollution in the water bodies

The activities along the lake should be restricted since there are many lakes and Bawdi‘s in

Prithvipur. The polluting activities like disposal of sewage, dumping of garbage in the lake should

be prevented. The strict norms should be enforced. The proper solid waste disposal sites should

be allocated so that garbage is not dumped.

Public awareness needs to be done for action against activities related to the pollution of the

water bodies. Regular cleaning and maintenance of the lakes.

Preservation and conservation of water bodies and development of new parks

The maintenance and revitalization factors should be suggested for preservation and

conservation of water bodies in the city. The pollution levels, water quality check should be done

in the city. The water bodies can also be developed as tourist spots.

Conserve ground water resource by adopting rainwater-harvesting techniques

The rainwater harvesting techniques should be introduced in the city. Existing large government

/ institutional buildings should set an example by adopting these techniques.


84

10 Social Amenities

10.1 Background

The process of developing a health care delivery system in urban areas has not as

yet received the desired attention. The Tenth Plan Document observes that ‗unlike

the rural health services there have been no efforts to provide well-planned and

organized primary, secondary and tertiary care services in geographically delineated

urban areas. As a result, in many areas primary health facilities are not available;

some of the existing institutions are underutilized while there is overcrowding in

most of the secondary and tertiary centers.

The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) has been launched by the Government of

India for the period 2005 - 2012 to enhance the orbit of comprehensive primary

health care services especially for the poor and vulnerable sections of the

communities. Urban towns with population less than 100,000 are being taken up

under the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM). However, norms for the urban

slums in these townships have not been defined for support. The District/ Taluka

Hospitals which usually are in the urban areas are also being strengthened under

NRHM. As part of the urban component of RCH-II, there is provision for

strengthening delivery of RCH services in cities with population between 1-10 lakhs.

The programme thus provides for support to the urban poor but restricts it to

reproductive and child health services. However, the limited kitty of the flexible fund

under this scheme has relegated this component to the background of the scheme.

Some of the National Diseases Control programmes also have an urban component,

though not very well defined.

10.2 Health Facilities in Tikamgarh

There is 1 District Hospital located in Tikamgarh District and almost 180 CHCs and

156 SHC‘s to serve the health problems of the people in Tikamgarh. Out of this

Prithvipur has 30 beded CHC.

Table 10-1: Details of Health Staff in block Prithvipur

Block District

Hospital / Beds

Civil Hospital

/ Beds

CHC/Beds PHC/Beds No. of SHCs

Tikamgarh DH - 145 - Badagaon - 30 Astoan 24

Budhera

Baldevgarh Baldevgarh - 30 Hata 27

Khargapur - 6

Baisa

Sarkanpur

Niwari Niwari - 30 Orchha - 8 25

Teharka

TaricharKalan

Chandawani

Prathvipur - 30 Simra 21

Jiron


85

Jatara Jatara - 30 Dingora 34

Mohangarh

Lidhora - 6

Palera Palera - 30 Barana 25

Bamhori Kala

TOTAL 1 / 145 6 / 180 17 / 20 156

http://www.mp.gov.in/health/institution/health-institutions.pdf

Figure 10-1: Health Facilities in District Tikamgarh

Source: http://www.mp.gov.in/health/institution/health-institutions.pdf

10.3 Health Facilities in Prithvipur

Prithvipur has one Community Health Centre. People from town as well as nearby

villages are dependent on it. Town has all the basic health facilities including a

maternity home. The eye and leprosy treatment are of very smaller level. People of

the town approach Jhansi and Gwalior for treatment of communicable and specific

diseases. The total no of beds in the town is 48, which caters to the population of

the town Prithvipur by 560 persons per bed, which is insufficient to meet the needs

of the town and the surrounding areas.


86

Table 10-2: Type of hospitals and number of beds

Sl.

No.

Name of

health facility

Govt./private No of

beds

No of Doctors

1 CHC Govt. 30 6 (33 other staff)

2 3 - Dispensary Govt. 18 1 (2 post vacant)


10.4 Education Facilities

10.4.1 Education Structure in Madhya Pradesh

The structure of education in the state is based on the national pattern with 12

years of schooling, consisting of eight years of elementary education, that is five

years of primary and three years of middle school education for the age groups 6-11

and 11-14 years respectively, followed by high and higher secondary school

education of two years each besides three years of pre-primary education. Schooling

education is administratively managed by Directorate of Public Instruction, Madhya

Pradesh, Bhopal. At district level, office of District Education Officer and at block

level, office of Block Education Officer manages and coordinates schooling.

10.4.2 Right to Education Act-2009

The Right of children to Free and Compulsory Education Act came into from April 1,

2010. This was a historic day for the people of India as from that day the right to

education has been accorded the same legal status as the right to life as provided by

Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. Every child in the age group of 6-14 years will

be provided 8 years of elementary education in an age appropriate classroom in the

vicinity of his/her neighborhood.

Any cost that prevents a child from accessing school will be borne by the State

which shall have the responsibility of enrolling the child as well as ensuring

attendance and completion of 8 years of schooling. No child shall be denied

admission for want of documents; no child shall be turned away if the admission

cycle in the school is over and no child shall be asked to take an admission test.

Children with disabilities will also be educated in the mainstream schools.

10.4.3 Existing Situation

Comparison of literacy among males and females shows that more percentage of

male are literate than females. Census 2001 figures show that female literacy rate in

Prithvipur is observed to be only 47.9% against the male literacy rate of 72.2%. But

overall both male and female literacy rates are much lower in Prithvipur.

For primary education, the town has total 14 nos. of Govt primary schools and 9

private primary schools. There are 5 government middle schools and 05 private

middle schools. In secondary / higher secondary education, the town has 02 public

and 4 private school which is adequate for catering to present population. There is a


87

Govt. college and an ITI. Educational facilities available are sufficient for the present

population.

Government schools in the town

Private schools in the town

Government offices in town.

10.4.4 Demand Gap Analysis and Future Requirement

Table 10-3 Education Facilities in town

School Public Private Boys Girls Total


88

Nursery/ Primary 14 9 - - 25

Middle 5 5 - - 10

High - 4 - - 04

Higher Secondary 2 4 1 1 06

College 1 - - - 01

ITI 1 - - - 01


Table 10-4 Demand Gap Analysis

Sl. no.

Type Total number

Demand (2011)

Gap Demand (2015)

Gap Demand (2025)

Gap Demand (2035)

Gap

1 Primary School

25 11 -14 12 -13 14 -11 16 -9

2 Middle School

10 5 -5 6 -4 7 -3 8 -2

3 High Secondary School

6 4 -2 4 -2 5 -1 5 -1

4 College 1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1

5 Technical Institute

1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1


The demand-gap analysis in education sector shows that the present formal

education system is quite satisfactory. Aanganwadi present in the town is sufficient

as one unit over each ward is available. Presently Aanganwadi operates on rented

building and needs dedicated building infrastructure. Primary and middle and

Schools are available in sufficient number catering the educational requirement of

the population. As per the demand analysis of educational facilities to be provided,

Prithvipur has sufficient number of schools which are serving the present population

but their locations are inappropriate as if their walking distance from one edge to

another of the town is considered.

The future demand for educational facilities provided above shows that the present

scenario stays almost satisfactory for the year 2025.

10.5 Streetlights and Firefighting

10.5.1 Streetlights

There are maximum numbers of Sodium Vapor Lamps in Prithvipur Municipality. The

tables below presents ward wise distribution of streetlights by type of street lights

and their count in numbers:

Table 10-5: Wardwise distribution of streetlights in Prithvipur

Ward Number SV Lamps Total pole

Ward 1 29 31

Ward 2 39 48

Ward 3 45 51


89

Ward 4 22 35

Ward 5 28 22

Ward 6 20 28

Ward 7 19 21

Ward 8 46 20

Ward 9 40 51

Ward 10 50 51

Ward 11 74 84

Ward 12 34 24

Ward 13 25 60

Ward 14 40 66

Ward 15 nil 70

Total 497 662


10.5.2 Firefighting

Presently there is no fire station/sub-station in Prithvipur, however municipality

owns a fire brigade which is used in case of emergency. But looking at the growing

needs of the city we recommend to develop one fire station/sub-station in

Prithvipur.

10.6 Socio-Cultural Facilities

At present there are very limited socio-cultural facilities available in the town such as

community halls, dharamshalas, parks, playgrounds etc. Even the facilities which are

present are not in good condition and lack maintenance. A detailed list of existing

facilities in the town is tabulated below:

Table 10-6 Socio cultural facilities

Community hall/city hall 1 no.

Dharamshala/lodge 8 no.

Club -

Library -

Recreational -

Parks 1

Regional Parks -

Picnic Spots -

Gardens 4 no.

Playgrounds -

Stadium 1

Movie Halls Nil

Crematorium 6 no.


90

Dhobighat -

Vegetable market On main road to chowk

Retail market -

Weekly market 1 on Sunday

Pucca Shops (NP) 49

Kanji House 1

Restaurant/ Hotel(Rain basera) 1 in hospital



Sector: Social Amenities

ISSUES:

Lack of adequate health facilities

Lack of quality education infrastructure

SECTORAL GOAL:

To provide better healthcare to all and To ensure social equality and economic growth by

imparting quality education


Augmentation of medical facilities

Employing P-P-P in hospital management to ensure better service delivery

To ensure delivery of high quality medical facilities not only to the people of Prithvipur

but also to the neighbouring villages

Setting up of schools of excellence

Promoting avenues of informal education

STRATEGIES:

Expansion of courses and intake capacity of vocational college

Provision of primary and secondary education facilities from the Nagar Parishad thereby

increasing the literacy rate of the city.

Introduction of industry sponsored programs for specific industry requirements.

Expansion of vocational training platforms, Constructing TTI in the region.

Development of agriculture training institute

Upgradation of community halls

Construction of a public library.

Construction of City Park along the natural drains.

Upgradation of existing school ground as a playground


91

11 Institutional Set up and Financial Status

11.1 Background

'Good governance' is the overarching objective of public administration in the civic

arena. In virtually all sectors of public intervention and service delivery, it is now

agreed that unless and until the state of governance is 'good', service or product

delivery will not be proper. In the recent past, a large number of people and

organizations have given a variety of definitions of what governance is all about.

Governance is defined differently in terms of the context. According to one

definition, ―the ways in which stakeholders interact with each other in order to

influence the outcomes of public policies " is public governance. According to the

World Bank, ―the manner in which power is exercised in the management of a

country's economic and social resources for development " is good governance.

There are today dozens of definitions of what governance and good governance is.

However, if one has to summaries and list downs the ten characteristics of good

governance, they would be:

Citizen involvement, participation and satisfaction

Transparency in all decision making

Accountability of actions taken

Equality and social inclusion

Ethical and honest behavior

Ability to compete in a global environment

Efficiency of service delivery

Respect for democratic values

Respect for the rule of law

Use of appropriate technology and environmental sustainability

11.2 Effective Municipal Governance

The effectiveness of municipal governance depends on a wide range of factors:

political, social and economic. It also depends upon the skills and motivations of its

political leaders, officers, staff and other stakeholders. But structures, processes and

resource bases are themselves factors contributing to effectiveness. The

institutional characteristics of urban government play a part in determining its

effectiveness, along with the people who run it and the environment within which it

operates‖ [Davey (1993)]. Thus, the key factors affecting municipal performance

would include: the innate strength of municipal institutions, the relationship of

municipalities with other institutions: parastatal, State Government, civil society

organizations, etc., inter-institution operational conditions and factors and the

effectiveness of the municipal leaders and staff.


92

Institutional Framework:

Constitutions, laws, byelaws, rules, regulations, power sharing and reportingrelations between formal and informal institutions or organisations;

Organisation Building:

Strategy – mission, vision and shared goals, Structure - roles andresponsibilities, authorities, coordination and convergence mechanisms, Systems –planning, decision-making, budgeting, information management, accountability andquality control systems, Skills, Style– allocation of leadership attention to keypriorities and Staffing – recruitment, promotion, performance development andappraisal, career planning, etc.

Human Resource Development:

Development of quality personnel, upgradation of knowledge and skills, designingincentives and disincentives, facilitating orientation and attitudechanges, motivation, etc.

In the above background the critical areas that need to be addressed in order to

promote effective municipal governance with transparency and accountability as its

hallmarks are as follows:

.

Source: Dr. P.K. Mohanty, ―Transparency and Accountability in Municipal

Governance: Role of Institution Development, Performance Management and Citizen

Charters‖, Centre for Good Governance

11.3 Existing Institutional Setup in Prithvipur

Nagar Parishad, Prithvipur is a municipality of substantial size. It is a class III town

which was established as Nagar Panchayat on 30th January 1979. Presently the

town has a population of about 26883 which in divided into 15 wards with

approximate Municipal area of 18.5 Sq Km. Though the municipal area is large

which is derived from the ward map areas through google earth imagery.

The ULB comprises of an elected wing and an executive wing. The elected wing

consists of councillors elected from each ward headed by the President of the

Municipal Council who is elected directly by citizens. The elected wing performs as a

deliberative unit in the form of advisory committees. The composition of these

committees and their functions are governed by the provisions of the Madhya

Pradesh Municipalities Act, 1961.

ULB Name of

Village

Area included (Ha) Remarks

Prithvipur Prithvipur 36.11 Complete Village

Jer 10.51 Complete Village

Bindpura 3.20 Complete Village

Karguwan 4.62 Complete Village



93

The executive wing of the municipality comprises of various departments headed by

the Chief Municipal Officer appointed by the State Government. The staff

requirement is approved by the State and revised periodically. The State statute

also lays down guidelines for expenditure on establishment as a percentage of ULB‘s

total expenditure.

Table 11-1: Summary of establishment as on March 2012

S No. Class Designation Department Sanctioned

Posts

Vacant

Posts

1 3 CMO General

Administration

1 -

2 3 Main Clerk cum

Accountant

Accounts 1 -

3 3 Sub Engineer PWD 1 -

4 3 ARI Revenue 1 1

5 3 RSI Revenue 5 -

6 3 Sanitary Inspector Sanitation 1 -

7 4 Tractor Driver Sanitation 1 -

8 4 Peon Various Department 3 -

9 4 Sanitary Worker Sanitation 12 1

10 3 Assistant Grade III General

Administration

2 -

11 4 Line Man Electricity 1 -

Table 11-2: Department classification with number of employees and their responsibility

S.No Department Number Responsibility

1. General Administration 12 Works related to the department.

2. Accounts Office 1 Looks after the accounts of the department.

3. Revenue 5 Recovery of all types of taxes.

4. PWD 1 Looks after the various public/civil works.

5. Water supply dept 13 Supplies water to the city

6. Sanitation 56 Looks after the cleanliness of the city.

7. Electrical department 1 Supplies electricity to the city.

9. Education/School 0 Providing educational facilities.

10. Medical store 0 Providing medicines and other medical facilities.

11.3.1 Observations

Existing Establishment Structure shows that there is a deficit of top level

management staff almost for all the departments which ultimately

decreases the efficiency of service delivery in the Municipality

Departments like Education and Hospital have almost become redundant in

Prithvipur since all the posts are lying vacant

11.4 Institutions and Organizations

Urban development in the city of Prithvipur like other small-sized cities in Madhya

Pradesh takes place through the actions of a hierarchy of organizations which are

responsible for planning and enforcement


94

11.4.1 Urban Administration and Development Department

With the enactment of the 74th Constitution Amendment Act, major urban related

tasks have been transferred to Local Bodies. The Government of Madhya Pradesh

(GoMP) through its Urban Administration & Development Department (UADD) is

responsible for overseeing urban sector reforms, in terms of capital investment in

basic infrastructure for the Urban Local Bodies (ULB‘s).

The UADD is also responsible for implementation of various public welfare schemes

sponsored by the Central and State Governments. Some such schemes include

Conversion of Dry Latrine Program, Swarna Jayanti Urban Employment Scheme,

National Slum Development Program, Social Security Group Insurance Scheme,

Janashri Insurance Scheme etc. These schemes are implemented through the

District Urban Development Agency.

Being the parent organization of Municipal Corporations, UADD monitors the

functioning of all municipal corporations and municipalities in the state.

11.4.2 Town and Country Planning Department

The activities of Town and Country Planning Department (TCPD) are guided by the

provisions of the Madhya Pradesh Nagar Tatha Gram Nivesh Niyam, 1973 (the

Rules). The State Government, as per provisions of the Rules declares a region

including major urban areas and its surrounding settlements as a planning area, and

orders the preparation of a development plan for the region.

The implementation responsibility of the development plan proposals vests with the

Prithvipur Nagar Parishad within the jurisdiction of municipal limits. Enforcement of

development control regulations and other guidelines also lies with the municipal

council.

11.5 Urban Reforms

The main thrust of the revised strategy of urban renewal is to ensure improvement

in urban governance so that the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and para-statal agencies

become financially sound with enhanced credit rating and ability to access market

capital for undertaking new programmes and expansion of services. In this improved

environment, public-private participation models for provision of various services

would also become feasible. To achieve this objective, the State Government, Urban

Local Bodies and para-statal agencies will be required to accept the implementation

of an agenda of reforms. The proposed reforms shall broadly fall into two categories

# Mandatory reforms

# Optional reforms

All the mandatory and optional reforms shall be implemented by the

State/ULB/Para-Statals within the stipulated time.

11.5.1 Mandatory Reforms

There will be two sets of mandatory reforms. Core reforms at ULB/Para-statal level

aimed at re-engineering the process of governance through deployment of


95

technology to enable more efficient, reliable, timely services in a transparent

manner. The other set of reforms are framework related at State level.

Reforms at Urban Local Body/Para-statal

Adoption of modern, accrual-based double entry system of accounting in Urban

Local Bodies/Para-statal.

Introduction of system of e-governance using IT application like, GIS and MIS

for various services provided by ULBs/ Para-statal.

Reform of property tax with GIS, so that is becomes major source of revenue

for Urban Local Bodies ( ULBs) and arrangements for its effective

implementation so that collection efficiency reaches at least 85% within next

seven years.

Levy of reasonable user charges by ULBs/Para-statal with the objective that full

cost of operation and maintenance or recurring cost is collected within next

seven years. However. Cities/towns in Northeast and other special category

States may recover at least 50% of operation & maintenance charges initially.

These cities/towns should graduate to full O & M cost recovery in a phased

manner.

Internal earmarking within local body, budgets for basic services to the urban

poor.

Provision of basic services to urban poor including security of tenure at

affordable prices, improved housing watersupply, sanitation and ensuing

delivery of other already existing universal services of the Government of

education, health and social security.

Reforms at State Level

Implementation of decentralization measures as envisaged in 74th constitution

Amendment Act. Stated should ensure meaningful association/engagement of

ULBs in planning function of para-statals as well as delivery of services to the

citizens.

Repeal of Urban Land Ceiling and Regulation Act.

Reform of Rent Control Laws balancing the interests of landlords and tenants.

Rationalisation of Stamp Duty to bring it down to no more than 5% within next

seven years.

Enactment of public Disclosure Law to ensure preparation of medium-term fiscal

plan of ULBs/ Parastatals and release of quarterly performance information to

all stakeholders.

Enactment of Community participation Law to institutionalise citizen

participation and introducing the concept of Area Sabha in urban areas.

Assigning or associating elected ULBs with "city planning function" Over a period

of seven years, transferring all special agencies that deliver civic services in


96

urban areas to ULBs and creating accountability platforms for all urban civic

service providers in transition.

11.5.2 Optional Reforms (State and ULB/ Para-statal level)

Revision of bye-laws to streamline the approval process for construction of

buildings, development of sites etc

Simplification of legal and procedural frameworks for conversion of

agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes

Introduction of property Title Certification System in ULBs

Earmarking at least 20-25% of developed land in all housing projects

(both public and private Agencies) for EWS/LIG category with a system of

cross subsidization

Introduction of computerized process of registration of land and property

Revision of bye-laws to make rainwater harvesting mandatory in

all buildings and adoption of water conservation measures

Bye-laws for reused of recycled water

Administrative reforms, i.e. reduction in establishment by bringing out voluntary

retirement schemes, non-filling up of posts falling vacant due to retirement etc.,

and achieving specified milestones in this regard

Structural reforms

Encouraging Public Private Partnership.

Note:

Any two optional reforms to be implemented together by State & ULBs/

Parastatals in each year

If the ULB do not undertake reforms in true spirit, It will be difficult to achieve

the vision and goal set in the city development plan

11.6 Issues/Goal/Objectives/Strategies

Urban Governance

ISSUES:

The NP is incapable of implementing the powers and functions provided under 74th

constitutional amendment.

SECTORAL GOAL:

To make Prithvipur with a sustainable e-governance system for citizen services


Up gradation of administrative toolkit and personnel skills


97

To equip ULB with the latest technology and skill-sets and accurate base data of various

sectors to ensure delivery of superior urban services

Creating forum for citizen involvement

Training modules for ULB staff to enable e-governance and active update of database

Setting up a special cell within the ULB management focused on P-P-P

STRATEGIES:

Preparation of a digital map of Prithvipur with different layers for various services and

infrastructure.

Training modules for ULB staff to enable e-governance and active update of database.

Physical surveys like OD surveys for traffic, BPL population survey etc. for latest and

most accurate findings.

Adoption of accounting reforms.

Setting up a special cell within the ULB management focussed on P-P-P

Creating forum for citizen involvement as an extension of roles for the Steering

Committee into the execution stage of CDP

11.7 Recommendations to improve urban governance in Prithvipur Municipality

11.7.1 Performance Management System

Background

Municipal governance is much broader than what municipal governments do. Cities

are increasingly becoming multi-governmental and the effective management of

cities requires multi-pronged partnerships and the involvement of many

stakeholders. The key stakeholders in the urban context include: municipal elected

officials and non-officials, Council and Committees, employees and their trade

unions, para-statals, Government departments, ratepayers‘ associations, resident

welfare groups, Chamber of Commerce, business associations, NGOs, CBOs,

neighbourhood committees, self-help groups, professional organisations, the media

and the like. Thus effectiveness of municipal governance depends on how the

interactions between various stakeholders are managed to produce the desired goals

of providing civic infrastructure and services to the citizens in a transparent and

accountable manner.


98

Performance Management System

Performance management is a strategic approach, which equips leaders, managers,

workers and stakeholders at different levels with a set of tools and techniques to

regularly plan, continuously monitor, periodically measure and review performance

of organizations, territorial jurisdictions and functionaries in terms of indicators and

targets for economy, efficiency, effectiveness and impact. The performance

management system model is shown below:

The strategic objectives behind performance management are:

To create a performance culture and ethos across public service in terms of ―shared‖

values, ―outcome‖ orientation and ―best‖ practices;

To promote accountability of employees and organizations in using resources and

ensuring that implementation objectives are met;

To empower citizens to generate pressure for change and transformation;

To guide capacity building development for better governance;

To contribute to overall development agenda

The performance management system links development goals, policies, priorities,

plans, programmes, projects, budgets, action plans and performance towards

achieving the desired objectives. The system involves performance indicators,

performance monitoring, performance measurement, performance-based evaluation,

performance-based review and evidence-based policy-making.

Performance monitoring is a continuous process of collecting and analyzing data to

compare how well a project, programme, or policy is being implemented with

reference to expected results. It is an ongoing process to assess whether targets are

met and broader development objectives are achieved.

Performance measurement refers to analysis and measurement of results in terms

of performance indicators and targets.


99

1. Key Performance Indicators

Key Performance indicators are measurable factors of extreme importance to any

organization in achieving its strategic goals, objectives, vision and values. These

indicators are required to be designed carefully so as to be in a position to:

Indicate the progress made towards the goal

Provide a common framework for gathering data for measurement and

reporting

Capture complex concepts in simple terms

Enable review of goals, objectives and policies

Focus the organization on strategic areas

Provide feedback to organization and staff

Performance-based evaluation is an assessment, as systematic and objective as

possible, of a planned, ongoing, or competed intervention. The aim of

evaluation is to determine the relevance of objectives, economy (minimising

cost of obtaining resources), efficiency (using resources efficiently),

effectiveness (achieving the desired socio-economic impacts), and sustainability

so as to incorporate lessons learnt into the decision-making process.

Performance-based review involves periodic review to identify broad trends and

assess the likelihood of outcomes being achieved – whether the programmers or

projects are ―on track‖. It aims at effecting correction mechanisms to ensure that

programmes or projects do not deviate from the central goals and objectives for

which they were created.

The performance management cycle involves policy-making, planning and budgeting

leading to programme implementation followed by assessment and feedback and

then going to the policy-making.


100

12 Municipal Finance

12.1 Structure of Municipal Finances

Local governments have been assigned a range of functions related to the provision

of the public services. They strive to meet the costs of constructing and maintaining

urban facilities and services. Revenues must be raised to cover capital investments

and recurrent-revenue expenditures, as well as employee‘s salaries and debt

services. The raised revenues must be utilized to attain the needs of the public as

well enhance the development of the city as a whole. This Section reviews the

finances of PrithvipurNagar Parishad. Review of finances includes the income and

expenditure of the Nagar Parishad to ascertain the trends and the major sources and

uses of funds. The finances are reviewed based on the annual account of the

accounting period 2006-07 to 2008-2009. It includes financial status of ULB, source

of funding, availability of funds from different financial institutions, operating

efficiency of the ULB etc.

Figure 12-1 Composition of Municipal Finance


101

12.2 Financial Profile of Prithvipur nagar Parishad

The Income – Expenditure Accounts of the Prithvipur Nagar Parishad for the last

three financial years i.e. year 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010-11 were obtained and

have been analysed for the assessment. The current accounting system is cash-

based i.e. income & expenditure heads are maintained on cash receipt/ payment

basis. This single entry system of accounting followed by the ULB, does not

distinguish revenue heads and capital heads of income and expenditure. For the

purpose of analysis, expenses on new projects are treated as Capital Expenditure

and expenses towards maintenance are treated as Revenue Expenditure. Likewise,

the cash received for capital expenses from various sources is classified as capital

income as opposed to the income from various taxes levied by the ULB, counted as

revenue income. The review of finances involves a time-series analysis of the

income and expenditure of the Nagar Parishad to ascertain the trends and the major

sources and uses of funds. In addition to this, certain key financial indicators

relating to property tax, water tax, per capita income, per capita expenditure and

debt servicing; have been considered to assess the financial performance of the

Prithvipur Nagar Parishad.

Table 12-1: Table showing Summary of Municipal Finances Prithvipur

Financial Status At A Glance

Items 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 CAGR

Actual In Rs. Lakhs %

PrithvipurNagar Parishad

Revenue Account

Income 219.9 188.2 323.7 33.6

Expenditure 159.8 118.8 227.1 19.2

Surplus/ Deficit 60.1 69.4 96.6

Capital Account

Receipts 144.9 150.9 159.3 4.8

Payments 120.3 106.7 235.7 40.0

Surplus/ Deficit 24.6 44.2 (76.4)

Overall Status Incl. O.B. 194.0 298.5 308.7

12.3 Revenue Account

The revenue account comprises of the operating income and expenditure items of

the Nagar Parishad. These are generally recurring items viz. income from taxes

(octroi, property, commercial and other direct taxes), non-tax income (rents on

municipal properties, charges, fees), grants, etc. and expenditure on establishment,

repairs and maintenance, debt-servicing, etc. Prithvipur Nagar Parishad has not

maintained a reasonably good revenue account during the last three years 2008-09

to 2010-11.

12.3.1 Revenue Income

Section 132 of Madhya Pradesh Municipal Corporations Act, 1956, mandates the

Urban Local Bodies (ULB‘s) to levy and collect following taxes: Property Tax; Water

Tax (for connection taken from the water pipeline); General Sanitation


102

Surcharge/Tax; General Lighting Tax; General Fire Tax; and Other Local Bodies Tax,

approved by the State Government and notified in the Official Gazette.

The income sources of the municipal fund may be categorized as own sources

(octroi, tax and non-tax sources) of the Nagar Parishad, general grant and

contributions. Below table presents the summary of income under the different

categories of source. The revenue income of Prithvipur Nagar Parishad has

significantly increased from Rs 181.4 Lakh in 2008-09 to Rs 188.2 Lakhs in 2009-10

and then to 323.7 in 2010-11 due to Increase in income under category of

Compensation and Grants and Own Sources. Revenue income consists of the

following major sources:

Figure 12-2 Figure showing Revenue Income Trend and Sources of Revenue for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

Own Sources-Tax

Nagar Parishad‘s Own Sources-Tax comprises of income primarily sourced from

consolidated property tax (general purpose tax, water tax, lighting tax and

sanitation tax) and cess on education and city development. On an average, through

the assessment period, Own Source-Tax income constitutes 11.0 % of the Prithvipur

Nagar Parishad‘s revenue income. The average CAGR under this category has

increased at the rate of 574%.

Property Tax details

2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-11

Population 26013 26448 26883

Total no of PT assessments 2791 2838 2885

Total Demand (in Lakhs) 41.45 44.77 47.41

Total Collection (in lakhs) 0.90 1.58 0.63

Balance (in Lakhs) 40.55 43.19 46.78

Tax Per Assessment 151 149 146

NOTE: The above table shows property tax figures in ULB from year 2008 to 2011.

There is a wide gap between demand assessed according to the number of PT

-

100.0

200.0

300.0

400.0

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Revenue Income

Revenue …

11%

17%59%

13%

Sources of Revenue

Tax Revenue

Non Tax Revenue

Assigned Rev

Revenue Grants


103

assessments and actual amount collected which is due to inefficient collection

mechanism in the town.

There are various discrepancies in property tax amount in detail account sheets and

total collection figure which can be corrected by adapting double counting system

Own Sources- Non Tax

This category comprises of income from municipal properties, fees on municipal

services (building permission, etc.), user charges (water and sewerage tariffs) and

income from special services (educational and medical). On an average, through the

assessment period, Own Source-Non tax income constitutes 17 % of the total

revenue income. The CAGR for income through non-tax (own sources) of the

Prithvipur Nagar Parishad has grown at the rate of 51 % over the 3 assessment

years.

Assigned Revenues

This category comprises of income from Government of Madhya Pradesh

(GoMP)/State transfers of municipal income collected by the state line department.

The income items include surcharge on stamp duty, octroi compensation, motor

vehicle tax, and other transfers. Octroi was levied on the goods entering within the

municipal limits for use, consumption or sale. But octroi has been removed now and

whatsoever is received is in the form of arrears In order to compensate for the loss

of the removal of octroi, the State government has made an assessment of octroi

compensation to be sanctioned to the urban civic bodies on the basis of 2001 census

and instituted a grant with an annual growth of 59 %. Assigned revenue constitutes

about 55.0 % of the Nagar Parishad‘s total revenue income of which only octroi

compensation is 80-85% and has declined at a CAGR of about 5 % over the

assessment period.

Revenue Grants and Contribution

This category comprises of SFC grants, special establishment grants and other

special grants that the State Government may transfer from time-to- time to the

Nagar Parishad. In case of Prithvipur, Grant component accounts for an average of

about 13 % of the total revenue income over the assessment period. Income under

this head has declined at a CAGR of about (10) % over the assessment period.

Table 12-2: Table showing Revenue Income from various sources for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

Revenue Income

A Own Sources 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Tax Revenue

1 Property Tax 0.9 1.7 43.2

2 Integrated tax 1.2 2.3 50.2

3 Export Tax - 0.9 1.0

4 Other Taxes - 0.2 0.8

Sub-Total (Tax Revenue) 2.1 5.6 95.7

Non- Tax Revenue

1 Rental Income 2.1 2.3 28.3

2 Water Charges 2.5 3.0 8.0

3 License Fees 9.2 11.9 11.0

4 Development Charges - - -


104

5 Building Permission 0.1 0.1 0.2

6 Others 19.5 1.8 28.7

Sub Total (Non Tax) 33.5 19.1 76.1

Total Own sources (Tax+ Non-Tax) 35.6 24.1 171.8

B Assigned Revenue and Compensations

1 Octroi Compensation 100.9 124.0 115

2 Stamp Duty Fees 3.7 4.7 3.0

3 Passenger Tax ( By Road) 11.2 10.1 9.4

4 Income under special acts - - -

Sub Total (Assign Revenue) 115.9 138.9 127.4

C Revenue Grants, Contributions and Subsidies

1 Road Maintenance 8.5 9.0 8.5

2 Mid day Meal 7.9 4.0 3.0

3 State Finance Commission 13.6 12.4 13.0

4 Other grants - - -

Subtotal (Grants & contribution) 30.0 25.3 24.5

Sub total Revenue Income 181.4 188.2 323.7

D Extra ordinary (Advances, investment and deposits)

1 Deposit Works 5.0 9.6 8.0

2 Recoveries of Loan & Advances from staff 0.7 1.2 2.5

3 Others - - -

Sub Total Extra Ordinary 5.7 10.9 10.5

Total Revenue Income (A+B+C+D) 187.2 199.0 334.5

Figure 12-3: Chart showing Revenue Income trend in Prithvipur Nagar Parishad (In Lacs)

-

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

350.0

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Revenue Income

Revenue Grants

Assigned Rev

Non Tax Revenue

Tax Revenue


105

12.3.2 Revenue Expenditure

The revenue expenditure of Prithvipur Nagar Parishad has came down from 192.63

Lakhs in 2008-09 to 178.54 Lakhs in 2009-10 and then Increased to 343.2 Lakhs for

2010-11, higher than the growth in revenue income. Revenue expenditure

comprises broadly of three categories of expenditure – establishment, operation and

maintenance and debt servicing.

Figure 12-4 Figure Showing Areas of Expenditure and Trend for Expenditure for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

1. Salaries/Wages and Administrative Expenses

This head comprises expenditure on pay and allowances of elected representatives,

salary and other operational expenses related to general administration and revenue

collection, pension and gratuity payouts and provident fund contributions. The

annual expenditure under this head contributes accounts for about 43 % per cent of

the revenue expenditure which is very high in case of Nalkheda.

2. Operation and Maintenance:

This category comprises of the expenditures incurred in operations and maintenance

for service delivery like water supply, solid waste management, street lights etc. It

includes salaries if supervisory and field staff, operation and maintenance of fleet of

vehicle, maintenance of equipments and machineries etc. It accounts for 41 % of

the total revenue expenditure in Prithvipur for the 3 assessment years which is also

quite high.

3. Programme Expenses:

This category comprises of the expenditure incurred in running various govt.

Programmes and schemes like midday meal, public security pension schemes etc. In

case of Prithvipur for the assessment years the expenses under this category have

accounted only 5 % of the total revenue expenditure which has grown at a CAGR of

6 %.

4. Other Services and Miscellaneous Expenditure Heads:

Expenditure on other services accounts for less than 6 % of the revenue

expenditure.

43%

4%

41%

5%1%

6%

Items of Expenditure Salaries/ Wages & AllowancesAdministrative Expenses


Programme Expenses

Repayment of Loans

Other Miscellaneous expenditure

-

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Revenue Expenditure

Revenue …


106

Figure 12-5: Chart showing trend in Revenue Expenditure in PrithvipurNagar Parishad (Amount in

Lacs)

5. Debt Servicing:

Prithvipur Nagar Parishad has taken very less amount as loan which accounts for

only 1 % of total revenue expenses.

Table 12-3: Table showing Revenue Expenditure of Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

Revenue Expenditure 2006-

07

2007-

08

2008-

09

A Salaries/ Wages & Allowances 77.9 55.4 76.2

B Administrative Expenses 10.5 4.1 4.5

C Operation & Maintenance 84.3 51.0 71.3

D Programme Expenses 14.0 6.1 4.6

E Repayment of Loans 8.0 - 1.1

F Other Miscellaneous expenditure 32.5 2.2 2.1

Sub total Revenue Expenditure 227.1 118.8 159.8

G Extra ordinary (Advances, investment

and deposits)

1 Deposit Works 4.0 9.6 2.5

2 Loans & Advances to Employees 2.5 0.2 0.6

4 others 14.0 10.1 3.7

Subtotal Extra ordinary 20.5 20.0 6.9

Total Revenue Expenditure 247.6 138.8 166.8

-

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

350.0

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Summary - Revenue Amount

Revenue Expenditure Revenue Income

-

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Revenue ExpenditureOther Miscellaneous expenditureRepayment of Loans

Programme Expenses


Administrative Expenses

Salaries/ Wages & Allowances


107

T

The above graph clearly indicates the healthy status of Prithvipur Nagar Parishad‘s

Revenue account during the year2008-09 and 2009-10 in terms of very less gap

between the revenue income and revenue expenditure and also the overall revenue

income and revenue expenditure have increased during the assessment years which

needs to be improved.

12.4 Capital Account

12.4.1 CAPITAL INCOME

The sources of capital income comprise largely of grants under state/central

government schemes, loans, and own sources including consumer contributions

towards one-time connection charges for water and UGD connections and lease of

municipal capital assets. The annual accounts statements of Prithvipur Nagar

Parishad indicate that the 99% of the capital income comes from Govt. Grants and

contributions and only 1% from income from sale of assets and 3% from public

contribution. The overall capital income has reduced during 2008-09 due to

decrease in amount received under grants and contribution category.

Table 12-4: Table showing Capital Income for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad(Amt. In Lacs)

Capital Income 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 Share %

A Income from sale of asset - - - -

B Loans 5.0 - - 1

C Grants & Contributions

1 Special Projects 18.5 20.8 61.6 23

2 Basic Services 39.0 43.3 39.7 27

3 UIDSSMT - - - -

4 IHSDP - - - -

6 Twelfth Finance

Commission

14.3 14.5 21.7 11

7 Other Grants 57.3 71.9 21.9 33

Total Grants &

Contributions

154.0 150.4 144.9 99

D Public Contribution - - - -

E Other Capital income - 0.4 - -

TOTAL CAPITAL

INCOME(A+B+C+D+E)

159.0 151.0 145.0 100

Figure 12-6: Figure showing Revenue account: Income-expenditure


108

Figure 12-7 Figure Showing Trends in Capital Income and its Sources for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

12.4.2 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE

Capital expenditure comprises all capital expenditure on creation of infrastructure

systems and purchase of plant, equipment and machinery. Most of the capital

expenditure incurred during the assessment period has been towards capital and

project works. The overall capital expenses have reduced for 2009-10 due to

reduction in capital income for the same year.

Table 12-5: Table showing Capital Expenditure for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

Capital Expenditure 2006-

07

2007-08 2008-

09

1 Capital Work in Progress 220.4 104.4 118.6

2 Purchase of Fixed Assets 0.3 0.3 0.1

3 Other Capital Expenditure - - -

4 Reserve Fund - - -

Total Capital Expenditure 220.7 104.7 118.7

1%

99%

Sources of Capital

Income Sale of asset

Loans

Grants & ContributionsPublic ContributionOther Capital income

Figure 12-8: Chart showing Trend of

Capital Expenditure in Prithvipur Nagar

Parishad

Figure 12-9: Chart showing Composition

of Capital Expenses in Prithvipur Nagar

Parishad.

135.0

140.0

145.0

150.0

155.0

160.0

165.0

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Capital Income

Capital Income

-

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Capital Expenditure

Capital Expenditure

100%

0%

Capital Expenditure

Capital Work in Progress

Purchase of fixed assets

Other Capital Expenditure

Reserve Fund


109

Figure 12-10 : Figure Showing Capital Account_ Income- Expenditure

12.5 Summary of Revenue and Capital Accounts of Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

There is a very little gap between the revenue income and revenue expenditure

which is a positive sign for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad but there is a considerable gap

in capital income and capital expenses wherein the capital income remains

underutilized which needs to be improved. Following graph clearly explains the

municipal account of Prithvipur Nagar Parishad.

-

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Summary - Capital Account

Capital Expenditure Capital Income

Figure 12-11: Figure showing account summary for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

Rs. lakhs.

Revenue Account

Capital Expenditure Capital Income Revenue Expenditure Revenue Income


110

12.6 Key Financial Indicators

A set of key financial indicators have been derived using the financial data of

Prithvipur Nagar Parishad for the assessment period. These indicators are used to

assess the municipal performance with regards to resource mobilization, fund

utilization, financial performance and collection efficiencies.

12.6.1 RESOURCE MOBILIZATION INDICATORS

These indicators summarize the performance of the Prithvipur Nagar Parishad with

regards sources of funds. Based on the financial analysis for the 3 assessment

years, on an average Prithvipur Nagar Parishad derives about 67 per cent of its

revenue income from grants and assigned revenues, while own sources account for

33 per cent of the revenue income. This clearly indicates high reliability of Prithvipur

Nagar Parishad on grants for operations.

Table 12-6: Table showing resource mobilization details for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

S. No INDICATOR Unit Value

Min Max Average

A Resource Mobilization

1 Per Capita Income Rupees

2 Source of Funds

i Share of Taxes % 2.68 29.56 16.86

ii Share of Non-Taxes % 10.13 23.52 16.33

iii Share of Assigned Revenues % 39.35 73.74 55.26

iv Share of Grants & Contributions % 7.57 13.63 11.55

12.6.2 FUND APPLICATION INDICATORS

These indicators are a measure to ascertain the utilization from the municipal fund.

About 46 per cent of the revenue expenditure is incurred to meet salaries which and

administrative expenses and about 41% is spent on operation and maintenance of

services. Very little amount i.e. around 3 % is spent towards programme expenses.

Table 12-7: Table showing fund application indicator details for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

S.No Indicator Unit Value

B Expenditure Management Min Max Average

1 Per Capita Expenditure Rs

2 Functional Allocation

i Share of Salaries & Wages % 34.29 47.66 42.85

i

i

Share of Administrative expenses % 2.81 4.61 3.63

i

i

i

Share of O & M Expenditure % 37.11 44.61 41.54

i

v

Share of Programme expense % 4.73 6.16 2.90

v Share of Debt Servicing Expenditure % 1.40 3.52 -


111

12.6.3 OVERALL FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

These indicators are a measure to assess the overall financial performance of the

Nagar Parishad with regards operational performance and effective growth in

revenue income and expenditure. The average operating ratio during the

assessment period was a healthy 0.69 and the capital utilization ratio was 0.97

indicating that the capital is underutilized. The overall summary of revenue and

capital account for Prithvipur Nagar Parishad shows an average surplus of Rs 313.5

Lakhs only which is a very small amount.

Table 12-8: Table showing overall financial performance indicator for Prithvipur Nagar

Parishad

Performance 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 Average

Operating Ratio 0.70 0.63 0.73 0.69

Capital Utilisation Ratio 1.39 0.69 0.72 0.97

Overall status of incl. O.B. 365.8 340.6 234.1 313.5

12.6.4 EFFICIENCY INDICATORS

These indicators are essentially measured to assess municipal efficiency with

regards revenue base coverage and realization. The collection performance for

property tax in Prithvipur is around 1-2% for the assessment period which needs to

be increased which in turn will be reflected in increased tax collection.


112

13 City Investment Plan and Financing Strategies

13.1 City Investment Plan

The following table depicts the total investment required in all the sectors for the

city of Prithvipur till the year 2035. The total investment comes out to be around

14736.94 lacs. This investment is based on the SOR 2009 for Madhya Pradesh.

Instances where unit costing is not possible due to planning or design constraints, a

lump-sum amount is proposed based on cases of similar nature executed elsewhere.

The costing also includes escalation in rates (which is assumed at 5% per annum),

for the work to be executed in future.

Table 13-1 Sector wise Investment

SNO SECTORS AMOUNT(in Lacs) Percentage

1 WATER SUPPLY 2349.03 15.94

2 SEWERAGE 2305.14 15.64

3 STORM WATER 1462.48 9.92

4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 126.45 0.86

5 ROADS 3105.97 21.08

6 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, STREETLIGHTS AND TRANSPORT

NAGAR

390.13 2.65

STREETLIGHTS AND FIREFIGHTING 1106.29 7.51

7 HERITAGE AND TOURISM 734.09 4.98

8 ECONOMY 598.00 4.06

9 BASIC SERVICES FOR URBAN POORS 1356.19 9.20

10 ENVIRONMENT 104.43 0.71

11 MUNICIPAL GOVERNANACE 158.23 1.07

12 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 653.17 4.43

13 URBAN RENEWAL 287.34 1.95

TOTAL 14736.94 100.00

The CIP has been prepared for a period of 25 years. The phasing has been worked

out based on the priorities assigned by the stakeholders and preparedness of service

providing agencies to prepare the DPR and initiate implementation of the proposals


113

Table 13-2 Phase wise Investment

S. No. Sector of Investment Investment

by 2015 (In Crore)

Investment by 2025

(In Crore)

Investment by 2035

(In Crore)

Total Investment (In Crore)

1 Water Supply 12.41 7.50 3.58 23.49

2 Sewerage 9.56 12.23 1.26 23.05

3 Storm Water Drainage 2.15 7.90 4.57 14.62

4 Solid Waste Management 1.07 0.08 0.12 1.26

5 Roads 7.15 13.87 10.04 31.06

6 Traffic & Transportation 2.55 1.35 0.00 3.90

7 Fire Fighting & Street

Lighting

2.10 5.20 3.77 11.06

8 Basic Services for Urban Poor

13.56 0.00 0.00 13.56

9 Environment 1.04 0.00 0.00 1.04

10 Urban Governance 1.28 0.17 0.14 1.58

11 Heritage & Tourism 6.50 0.84 0.00 7.34

12 Social Infrastructure & Other Projects (Education & Health)

4.00 2.53 0.00 6.53

13 Urban Renewal 2.03 0.84 0.00 2.87

14 Economy 1.39 2.53 2.06 5.98

TOTAL 66.79 55.04 25.54 147.37

17%

16%

10%

1%

22%

3%

8%

5%

1%10%

1%1%

3% 2%

SECTORWISE % FOR REQUIRED INVESTMENT WATER SUPPLY

SEWERAGE

STORM WATER


ROADS

TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, STREETLIGHTS AND TRANSPORT NAGARSTREETLIGHTS AND FIREFIGHTING


ECONOMY

BASIC SERVICES FOR URBAN POORS

ENVIRONMENT

MUNICIPAL GOVERNANACE

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE



















114

Table 13-3 Responsible agencies

S. No. Sector of Investment Total

Investment (In Crore)

Responsible agency/deptt.

1 Water Supply 23.49 PNP

2 Sewerage 23.05 PNP

3 Storm Water Drainage 14.62 PNP

4 Solid Waste Management 1.26 PNP/PPP

5 Roads 31.06 PWD/PNP

6 Traffic & Transportation 3.90 MPRTC/PNP

7 Fire Fighting & Street Lighting 11.06 PNP

8 Basic Services for Urban Poor 13.56 ASI/MPT

9 Environment 1.04 PNP/PPP

10 Urban Governance 1.58 PNP

11 Heritage & Tourism 7.34 PNP

12 Social Infrastructure & Other Projects (Education & Health) 6.53 PNP/PPP

13 Urban Renewal 2.87 PNP/PPP

14 Economy 5.98 PNP/PPP

Grand Total 147.37

13.2 Water Supply

The following table shows the various projects that are identified for augmentation

of water supply scheme in Prithvipur along with their estimates

Funding mechanism: The infrastructure requirement for augmentation of water

supply scheme can be funded on UIDSSMT/CMUIDS pattern either by ULB or a

private player can be invited

WATER SUPPLY

S.No. WORKS REMARKS QTY UNIT RATE

COST(in Lacs)

Augmentation of Water

Supply Scheme

2015 2025 2035

1 Revitalizing existing ponds and creation of artificial surface water bodies

Lake conservation including de-silting, beautification, prevention of sewage and waste water getting discharged into the lake directly

LS 50 50

2 Water Agumentation Scheme

Developing a Water Agumentation Scheme on river Jamini

3 Construction of Intake well and Raw water pump stations

Intake well of 6.5 MLD at Jamini River along with 2 nos. Raw water pump stations Additional raw water pump station in 2025

35 10

4 Laying of raw water and clear water pumping main

500 m Raw water pumping main 21000 m clear water pumping main

290
















115

5 Construction of Water Treatment Plant

Construction of Water Treatment Plant(6.5 MLD) and construction of 2 nos. clear water pump stations(3.5MLD)

200 25

6 Providing and laying of pipeline having 300mm diameter for supplying water to vrious storage facilities of Prithvipur

Laying pipeline of 5 Km 5 13 65

7 Construction of ESR 3 60 75

Augmentation of Distribution System

6 Repair of existing water distribution pipelines(LS)

9.5 LS 200

7 Providing and laying of pipeline having 150mm, 200mm, 250mm, and 300mm diameter for strengthening of distribution network of water in various parts of Prithvipur

Phase 1:Construction of 8.8 km distribution lines

8.8 13 114.97 227.25 101.06

Phase 2:Additional 17 km 17

Phase 3:Additional 8 km 8

8 Installation of precision meters

Phase 1: Required connections(Nos)

2639 0.012 31.67 44.34 11.40

Phase 2: Additional connections(Nos)

3695

Phase 3: Additional connections(Nos.)

950

9 Installation of pressure gauges(1-1 at raw and clear water pump station and remaining at various parts of city)LS

LS 22.5 13.5 18

TOTAL 1069.15 445.09 130.46

TOTAL AMOUNT REQUIRED(Adjusted at current prices, including 5% annual escalation)

2349.03

13.3 Sewerage

The following table shows the various projects that are identified for sewerage and

sanitation scheme in Prithvipur along with their estimates.

Funding mechanism: The infrastructure requirement for augmentation of water

supply scheme can be funded on UIDSSMT/CMUIDS pattern either by ULB or a

private player can be invited

SEWERAGE


COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Construction of Under Ground Sewerage network for new and existing development

Phase 1: Construction of 20 Km Sewers

20 12.5 254.05 50.80 45.73

Phase 2: Additional 4 Km 4

Phase 3: Additional 4 Km 4


116

2 Construction of Treatment facility

Phase 1: 2.25 MLD Aeration Pond+land development(3 Ha)

25 250

3 Construction of public toilets (10 seater per unit)

Phase 1: 5 Nos. 5 11 55 0 0

4 Construction of Proposed 1100 individual Toilets with Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System (DEWATS)

Phase 1: 600 Nos. 600 0.8 480 400

Phase 2 : 500 Nos. 500

5 Sewer cleaning Machines and additional equipments

Phase 1: 2 Small machines of Rs. 2.5 lakhs each+LS

10 25

Phase 2: 2 small machines of Rs. 2.5 lakhs each and 1 nos. big size of Rs. 12+LS

TOTAL 824.04 725.85 45.72


2305.14

13.4 Storm Water Drainage

The following table shows the various projects that are identified for sewerage and

sanitation scheme in Prithvipur along with their estimates.

Funding Mechanism: The infrastructure requirement for construction of Storm Water

Drains can be funded on UIDSSMT/CMUIDS pattern or on ULB contribution.

STORM WATER


COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Upgradation of existing Storm Water Drainage lines

15.1 6 90.6

2 Construction of new storm water drainage lines

Phase 1:6.8 km 6.8 14 94.7 468.97 166.4481

Phase 2: 33.5 km

33.5

Phase 3: 12 km 11.9

TOTAL 185.28 468.97 166.44


1462.48

13.5 Solid Waste Management

The following table shows cost estimate required for procuring different vehicular

fleet and infrastructure for implementing SWM plan effectively. The identified

projects have been phased out in 3 parts.

Funding Mechanism: The infrastructure requirement for SWM can be funded on

UIDSSMT/CMUIDS pattern or on ULB contribution and the investment required for

setting up compost plant can be incurred the private party involved for treatment of

waste.


117


S.No. WORKS REMARKS QUANTITY UNIT RATE

COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Hand Carts –Max of no of Sweeper or 1 for 175 HHs

For Primary door to door collection(50kg/trip)3 trips Phase 1: 13Nos.

20 0.25 5.00 0 0

Cycle Cart each with 3 Nos. 50 Lts PVC bin

For Primary door to door collection(50 Kg)

10 0.04 0.40

3 Dumper Bins Phase 1: 9 Nos. 9 0.5 4.5 1.5 1.5

Phase 2: 3 Nos. 3

Phase 3: 3 Nos. 3

Tractor Carrier container

Phase 1: 33 Nos. 33 0.33 10.89

4 JCB Machine

1 LS 20

5 Tractor driven hydraulic container

Transportation to Disposal Site (3T/trip) Phase 1: 1Nos.

1 8 8 0 0

Phase 2: 0

Phase 3: 0

Tractors 2 Nos. 2 3.5 7

6 Covered Community Dustbins

Public places/Commercial areas

1 Cu. [email protected] and 4.5 Cu. M@ 35000

10 3 3

1. Cum. M @ 15000 each

4.5 Cum. Of @ 35000 each

7 Decentralized Vermi Compost for biodegradable

wastes

@30-40% of total waste generated(Vermi Composting)

(3 MT Vermi composting plant each)

LS 6

8 Landfill site development

LS 20

TOTAL 91.79 4.5 4.5


126.45

13.6 Roads and Traffic Management

The following table shows cost estimate required for construction and up-gradation

of roads and implementing various traffic management systems effectively. The

identified projects have been phased out in 3 parts

Funding Mechanism: The requirement investment for construction of roads can be

funded on UIDSSMT/CMUIDS pattern or on ULB contribution.

ROADS

S.No. WORKS REMARKS QUANITY UNIT

RATE

COST(in Lacs)

2105 2025 2035


118

1 Construction of additional

road length(Km)

Required road length by 2015(Km) 10.4 40 416.19 822.61 365.82

Additional road length by 2025(Km) 20.6

Additional road length by 2035(Km) 9.1

2 Road widening As mentioned in Master Plan LS 100

3 Repair of existing roads(Km) 15 20 100

SUB-TOTAL 616.19 822.61 365.82

TOTAL AMOUNT REQUIRED(Adjusted at current prices, including 5% annual escalation) 3105.97

TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, STREETLIGHTS AND TRANSPORT NAGAR

S.No. WORKS REMARKS QUANTITY UNIT

RATE

COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Construction of parking lots Development of required infrastructure LS 50

Development of Parking and commercial

spaces near public places and market areas

Development of Hawkers Corners/bi-weekly

Haath at existing Bus stand area

2 Congesition Construction of Bye-pass on Orchaa Road LS 100 60

3 Implementation of Traffic

Management Plan

Management Committee LS 35 20

Zebra crossings

Signals

Marking of No entries & One ways

Development of pedestrian zones

Removal of encroachments

Traffic calming measures

TOTAL 220.00 80 0


13.7 Urban Renewal

Following table shows various projects that are identified under urban renewal in

Prithvipur along with their cost estimation.

Funding Mechanism: The requirement investment under Urban Renewal can be

partly funded on UIDSSMT/CMUIDS pattern and rest of it can be met by the ULB

alone.


119

URBAN RENEWAL

S.No. WORKS REMARKS QTY UNIT

RATE

COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1

Development of

Intersections

1. Fawaara Tiraha

LS

75

2. Jeron Tiraha

3. Area Near State bank

4. Lok Maan Chouraha

5. Chowk Bazar Road

2 Redevelopment of

bus-stand

Infrastructure Development LS 100 50

Management services

Development of commercial

complex

TOTAL 175 50

TOTAL AMOUNT REQUIRED(Adjusted at current prices, including 5% annual

escalation)

287.34

ECONOMY

S.No. WORKS REMARKS QUANTITY UNIT RATE

COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Upgradation of Mandi (information centre for farmers)

Development of required infrastructure

LS 20

2 Development of industrial area with basic infrastructure

LS 100 150 75

TOTAL 120 150 75


13.8 Street Light and Fire-fighting

Solar street lamps Installing solar street lamps can be a suitable option for the city.

This would not only be anenvironmental sustainable solution but also be very useful

in terms of the acute power shortage thecity faces. Initially solar lamps can be

provided in combination with CFL or sodium vapour lamps and then gradually all the

additional street lamps cab be solar street lamps.

The fire services of Municipal Council of Prithvipur lack appropriate and modern

equipments and infrastructure for fire fighting and rescue operations. So there is a

need to establish proper fire substation/station to enable timely response in

emergency situation

STREETLIGHTS AND FIREFIGHTING

S.No. WORKS REMARKS QUANTITY UNIT

RATE

COST(in Lacs)


120

2015 2025 2035

1 Streetlights (50%

tubelights, 30%

Solar tubelights

and 15% SV Lamp

and High Mast)

Requirement till 2015 -

Additional 346

346 0.45 155.70 308.48 137.18

2025 – Additional 100%

Solar

686

2035 – Additional 100%

Solar

305

2 Establishment of

Fire Station/Sub

Station

Procurement of rescue

van and fire brigades

LS 25

Advanced fire

equipments(Hose pipes,

search lights, gas

cutters, generators, life

jackets, wireless sets

etc)

Installation of fire

hydrants at different

locations

TOTAL 180.70 308.47875 137.1825

TOTAL AMOUNT REQUIRED(Adjusted at current prices, including 5%

annual escalation)

1106.29

13.9 Heritage and Tourism

There are many important religious/historical structures in Prithvipur which either

needs conservation or development for which following projects are identified. The

detailed cost estimates under this sector are discussed below. The funding of

projects based on conservation of historical or heritage structure can be done by

Dept. Of ASI and tourist places can be developed by M.P. Tourism deptt. The

development of local recreational places, public gardens, parks can be funded from

ULB‘s account.

Funding Mechanism: The funding of projects based on conservation of historical or

heritage structure can be done by Dept. Of ASI and tourist places can be developed

by M.P. Tourism deptt. The development of local recreational places, public gardens,

parks can be funded from ULB‘s account.


S.No WORKS REMARKS QTY UNIT

RATE

COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Infrastructure

development of places

of tourist interests

Development of view point LS 150 50

Restoration of Remaining

Fort Areas

Development of

Information centres

2 Improvement of Street Furniture LS 150


121

Streetscape Way finding systems

Signages

Entry Gate

3 Development of Radha

Talaab and Jer Talaab

Development of

recreational areas, with

boating facilities, park and

picnic spot

4 Procurement of tourist

buses and vehicles

1 LS 20

5 Improvement of access

roads and connection

between tourist

destinations and areas

within a city

Enhancing the image of

Nh-12A as a gateway to

the city

LS 180

6 Funds for Branding and

Advertisements

LS 50

7 Public Awareness and

Training

LS 10

TOTAL 560 50


escalation)

734.09

13.10 Basic Services for Poor

With the focussed attention to integrated development of basic services to the urban

poor in the city, provision of basic services to urban poor including security of

tenure at affordable prices, improved housing, water supply, sanitation and enduring

delivery through convergence of other already existing universal services of the

govt. for education, health and social security. The projects identified below have

intended to ensure adequate investment of funds to fulfil deficiencies in the basic

services to the urban poor created in the cities, are not only maintained efficiently

but also become self sustaining over time. Table below shows the capital investment

required for the basic services to urban poor

BASIC SERVICES FOR URBAN POOR


RATE

COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Construction of LIG/EWS qtrs Nos. 570 1.77 1008.9

2 Upgradation of houses Nos. 280 0.25 70

3 Cement Concrete Road(Km) Km 0.56 13.5 7.56

4 RCC Drain(Km) Km 0.56 8.8 4.928

5 Community Hall(No) Nos. 1 6.5 6.5

6 School Building(No) Nos. 2.3 0

7 Primary Health Centre(No) Nos. 1 2.7 2.7


122

8 Sewer Line(Km) Km 6 4.82 28.92

9 Water Supply Pipeline(Km) Km 0 3.6 0

10 Electric pole with essential LT

line(No)

Nos. 39 0.16 6.24

11 Sulabh Complex(No) Nos. 3 11 33

TOTAL 1168.74

8


escalation)

1356.19

13.11 Environment

The environmental conservation and protection projects can be funded by EPCO or

some grants can also be availed under UIDSSMT/CMUIDS pattern or ULB‘s

contribution.

Funding Mechanism:The environmental conservation and protection projects can be

funded by EPCO or some grants can also be availed under UIDSSMT/CMUIDS

pattern or on ULB‘s contribution. The flood protection scheme is Prithvipur could be

financed by Disaster Management Institute.

ENVIRONMENT


RATE

COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Upgradation of nallaha in the

town

Ganda Nallaha - 4 Km

1. Bus stand to

Orchha road

2. Bus stand to

Radha Sagar road 3.

Bus stand to Samshan

LS 45

Chanelizing major nallaha

Resectioning of nallah

2 Trees plantation along roads

and nallah

LS 20

3 Ground water recharge(LS) LS 25

TOTAL 90 0 0


escalation)

104.43

13.12 Social Infrastructure

Along with basic infrastructure development, development of social infrastructure is

also very important to deliver better quality of life to the people. After analyzing the

status of present social amenities, following projects have been identified

Funding Mechanism: The requirement of investment for construction of social

infrastructure is primarily dependent on ULB‘s funds and partly the involvement of

private party


123

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

S.No

.

WORKS REMARKS QTY UNIT

RATE

COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Development of Hospital facilities on PPP LS 10

2 Upgradation of Community Hall LS 25

3 Construction of City Park Along the

Natural Drain

LS 85

4 Construction of Playground LS 50 50

5 Construction of Public Library LS 25

6 Upgrading educational facilities LS 100 100

7 Construction of Hawkers Zone LS

8 Development of Facilities For weekly

market

LS 50

Total 345 150


escalation)

653.17

13.13 Urban Governance

Following projects are proposed under Governance sector which would upgrade the

service standards of Prithvipur Municipality. Majority of these investments are for e-

governance, capacity building etc.

URBAN GOVERNANCE


COST(in Lacs)

2015 2025 2035

1 Procurement of computers, printers, Xerox machines etc for preparation of a digital map of Prithvipur with different layers for various services and infrastructure

LS 10 10 5

2 Training modules for ULB staff

and enabling of e-governance and active update of database

LS 15

3 Physical surveys like OD surveys for traffic, BPL population survey etc

LS 20

4 Creation of Geographic Information System for the city

LS 50

6 Setting up of a collaboration cell for managing PPP Projects in Prithvipur

LS 15

TOTAL 110 10 5


158.23


124

14 Financial Operating Plan

The sustainable investment capacity of Prithvipur Nagar Parishads is assessed

through a Financial Operating Plan (FOP), which gives a yearly forecast of finances

for the short term i.e. year 2011-12 to year 2015-16. A salient feature of the FOP is

that all outstanding dues, including debt and non-debt liabilities if any, have been

taken into account.

The accounts data ofPrithvipur Nagar Parishads between the years 2009-10 and

2011-12 are used as the basis for determining past trends in revenue and

expenditure and arriving at appropriate growth assumptions for each of the income

and expense items. After forecasting the revenue account, the capital investments

proposed under the CIP are added to the forecast. The FOP is generated to assess

the investment-sustaining capacity of Prithvipur Nagar Parishads.

The project funding structure comprises grants under the CMUIDS framework

(accounting for 90 per cent of the funding); internal resources and loans accounting

for the rest. The level of investment that Prithvipur Nagar Parishads can sustain is

determined by studying the overall surpluses/ year-to-year opening balance and

debt service coverage ratio. If the debt service coverage ratio - DSCR (amount of

surplus available to pay interest and to repay principal that is due) falls below 1,

then the investments are reduced gradually till the DSCR exceeds 1 in all the years

in the forecast period.

The main items of income and expenditure, classified into the revenue account and

the capital account, are projected in the FOP under the following categories.

14.1 Categories of FOP Projections

Revenue Account Receipts:

- Taxes, Non Tax Sources, Assigned Revenue and

- Grants, Contribution and Subsidies

Revenue Account Expenditure:

- Establishment

- Operation and Maintenance

- Debt Servicing- Existing and New Loans

- Phasing of non debt liabilities, and

- Additional O&M

Capital Income and

Capital Expenditure

14.2 Financing Strategies for the CIP

In determining a long-term financial strategy, Prithvipur Nagar Parishads plans to

raise resources and fund the CIP through:


125

Grants available under the CMUIDS Framework (as percent of investment proposed

for funding by 2015 in Urban governance and infrastructure sectors - 80 percent

Central Govt. Grants and 10 percent State Govt. Grants). In this CMUIDS grant is

not considered for capital cost towards projects identified for Economic development

and Urban Governance.

Available internal resources and improving upon the same through

Revision of the Unit Area Value at certain levels, which would lead to revision in

Annual letting Value (applicable for Prithvipur Nagar Parishads )

Revision of Water charges at specific intervals

Introduction of Sewerage Charges in 2015-16, after implementing the Sewerage

Project

Maintenance of the collection performance of taxes and charges at certain

minimum levels for current and for arrears

Borrowings from market or financial institutions

14.3 Finance Projections

Current revenue sources are projected under built-in growth assumptions for income

and expenditure items, to assess the impact of each such revenue enhancement

measure being suggested. The projections also aim at estimating the surplus that

will be available for servicing new debt. Part of the surplus, after meeting the

additional O&M expenses on newly created assets and infrastructure, is translated

into debt size and project size (grant component plus debt component) based on

certain assumptions regarding interest rate, repayment method and loan-grant mix.

A spreadsheet FOP model has been customised to depict the financial position of

Prithvipur Nagar Parishads; the investment sustaining capacity of Nagar Parishads is

assessed based on the FOP assumptions. The model was used to calculate future

surpluses under various scenarios involving combinations of internal revenue

improvement, state support, financing terms, etc.

14.4 Municipal Account – Growth Projections and Assumptions

The standard assumptions under which the projections are carried out and certain

expenditure control and revenue augmentation measures proposed in line with the

mandatory and optional reforms under the CMUIDS framework are presented below

in table 49

Table 14-1Important assumptions made in the projections

Head Assumptions

Guiding Factor for Assessing the Sustaining Capacity

Surplus Positive surplus - year on year basis

DSCR Greater than 1

Project Financing – for admissible Components under JNNURM

Project Costing Unit Cost, with 5 % Cost escalation factor and 10%

Physical contingency

New/Additional O & M and from second year of

investment 5% growth is considered for the


126

Head Assumptions

additional O & M 5% of Capital cost

Grant from GoI 80% of Proposed Projects

Grant from GoMP 10% of Proposed Projects

If Loan for Balance funding Repayment in 12 years, with 3 year principal

moratorium @ 8 % interest rate

Old Outstanding loans As per existing terms and conditions

Revenue Expenditure

Growth in Expenditure Actual average growth with a minimum 8% and

maximum of 12% (based on last five years trend)

Pay Commission Revision Pay Commission revision- additional 10% from 2013-

14 every five years

Assumption for assessment of Prithvipur Nagar Parishads ‘s sustainability

Income Items

Growth in revenue income Actual average growth with a minimum 8% and

maximum of 12% (based on last five years trend)

Property Tax: Propose to introduce from FY 2008-09

Annual growth in Assessment 2.30% per annum

Initial Revision in 2011-12 100% of the existing

Revision of Tax 20% every four years

Collection Performance 85% or current average whichever is higher by 2015

Assumption for assessment of PHED sustainability

Income Items- Water Supply

Annual growth in Water Connection 2.27% per annum

Initial revision in water tariffs by 100% in FY 20011

Next Revisions in water tariffs by 25% every four years

Initial revision - new Connection fee by 100% in FY 20011

Future revision - new Connection fee by 10% every four years

Collection Performance 85% by 2015

Income Items- Sewerage

Sewerage Charge 50% of water charges

Initial revision - new Connection fee Rs. 1000 per connections

Future revision - new Connection fee by 25% every four years

Collection Performance 85% by 2015

14.5 Investment Capacity/ Sustenance

Given the existing financial position ofPrithvipur Nagar Parishads, the revenue and

capital accounts are projected against the growth scenario and assumptions

presented above. The FOP is generated from the sustainable investment point of

view in line with current growth trends against the identified investment for Nagar

Parishadsof Rs. 66.79 crores at till 2015

14.6 Impact of Reforms on Investment Capacity ofPrithvipur Nagar Parishads


127

Case 1: Base Investment Capacity

Base Investment Capacity is estimated considering business as usual case,

wherePrithvipur Nagar Parishads has not taken any grant under CMUIDS scheme

and has not done any reforms to increase their revenue income. At this scenario

HNPP will be able to sustain only 13.46% of the total investment identified for year

2015, which is about Rs. 8.99 Crore.

Case 2: With reforms in Property Tax, Water Charges and Sewerage charges

This case assumes the reforms in property tax, Water and Sewerage have been

implemented and accordingly the investment capacity has increased by Rs. 0.77

Crore above the base investment capacity. These reforms will increase the total

sustainable capacity to 14.63%.

Case 3: Reforms and CMUIDS grants along with debt Funding

This case assumes that all the reforms suggested above are being implemented and

CMUIDS grants and debt funding are also availed. In this scenario Nagar Parishads

sustainable capacity will increase to96.97%, which is 83.50% in addition to base

case. Now Nagar Parishads will be able to sustain investment of about Rs.

51.98Crore.

14.7 Fund Requirement

The identified investment for Nagar Parishad is 66.79 crores

The above analysis, it is very clear that ULB alone even with the grant support under

CMUIDS schemeand reformswill not be able to implement 100% of the projects

identified under the City Investment Plan (CIP). But they can substantially increase

their sustainable capacity with these reforms. So, it is recommended that ULB along

the support from UADD, GoMP should try to develop few projects at PPP model and

additional grant support from GoMP.

It is also recommended that on the same lines of the National Urban Information

System (NUIS) programme for strengthening of information system at Municipal

Base Investment Capacity, 8.99

PT Improvements & Sector reforms

18.76

CMUIDS Grants and Reforms, 73.76

Investment Capacity (Rs. Crores)

Base Investment Capacity

PT Improvements & Sector reforms

CMUIDS Grants and Reforms


128

Corporation level, GoMP should also provide support to all the local bodies in

Madhya Pradesh, which are not covered in the mentioned programme.

14.8 Projections for Financial Operating Plan

Based on all the assumption discussed in the Exhibit on assumptions for projections

and the implementation of the strategies to improve sustainability ofPrithvipur Nagar

Parishads, the FOP has been prepared. Refer Annexure – 1. However, the summary

of final revenue model is presented in exhibit below.

Table 14-2 Final Revenue Modal

Financial Year ------> 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Figures in Rs. Lakhs Projection

Prithvipur Nagar Parishad

SUMMARY

i Opening balance 308.64 371.59 581.47 883.55 1,250.8

7 1,685.06 2,171.97

ii Revenue Receipts 255.31 299.15 363.41 421.64 463.26 509.89 548.55

iii Revenue Expenditure 184.02 190.97 198.37 214.29 222.78 231.82 241.47

iv Municipal receipts 401.20 913.08 809.02 905.62 997.16 1,075.94 801.88

v Municipal expenditure 338.25 703.20 506.94 538.29 562.98 589.03 494.81

New Debt Servicing Exp. - - - - - - -

New O&M Exp. 72.30 75.92 79.71 83.70 87.88 92.28 96.89

vi Revenue Surplus/ Deficit for the year 71.29 108.18 165.05 207.35 240.49 278.07 307.07

vii Municipal Surplus/ Deficit for the

year 62.95 209.88 302.08 367.32 434.18 486.91 307.07

viii Closing balance

371.5

9

581.4

7

883.5

5

1,250.

8 1,685.0

2,171.9

7

2,479.0

4

ix Performance Indicators

DSCR 22.01 29.46 39.77 44.49 46.03 47.49 46.84

DSR 1.3% 1.3% 1.2% 1.1% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2%

PT Collection Performance 5.0% 21.0% 37.0% 53.0% 69.0% 85.0% 85.5%

0 200 400 600Urban Administration &Development Department, GoMP

City Managers Association,Madhya Pradesh

1

2

3

3

4

5

6

78

9

11

10

12

13

14

15

Highest Level354m

282mLowest Level

350m

354m342m

346m342m

338m334m

318m

318m

294m 290m 286m 282m

298m

0 200 400 600Urban Administration &Development Department, GoMP

City Managers Association,Madhya Pradesh

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