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50, 35 10
50 x 35 10
50 x 3510
N = = 175
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Remember, humans have 46 chromosomes!
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Be careful, MITOSIS and MEIOSIS have similar spelling, so examiners expect you to spell them correctly!
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Malaria -
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Disease, Defence and Treatment'
'
'The Immune Response
All cells have unique proteins on their surface called antigens.
The immune system will recognise any cells as ‘foreign’ if their antigens are
different to the ones on body cells.
‘Foreign’ antigens stimulate an immune response by the body.
Antigen
1. Lymphocyterecognises‘foreign’ antigen.
PrimaryResponse Antigen
ocyte1. Lymphsrecognises
‘foreign’ antigen.
PrimaryResponse
6. Largenumbers ofplasma cellsdevelopproducing alargeconcentrationof antibodiesvery quickly.
5. Memory cells are longlasting and if they comeacross the same specificantigen again they stimulatean immune response.
7. More memorycells produced.This ‘boosts’immunity.
3. Plasmacellsproduceantibodiesthat willdestroy cellscarrying thespecific‘foreign’antigen.
2. Clonesdifferentiate.Most developto form shortlived plasmacells.
4. Someclonesdevelop intolong lastingmemorycells.
Lymphocytesmultiply to
form clones.
SecondaryResponse
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![Nietzsche - Revision [Full]](https://img.dokumen.tips/doc/110x75/63618ee01b0df99ce1022aa0/nietzsche-revision-full.jpg)
