Unit-1.pdf - eGyanKosh

lajpuklajpuklajpuklajpuklajpuk

1-1 ifjp;

1-2 feV~Vh tek djus ds vkStkj

1-2-1 xSarh

1-2-2 QkoM+k

1-2-3 ikapk

1-3 feV~Vh igpkuuk

1-3-1 feV~Vh dk yphykiu ¼IykfLVdrk½

1-3-2 feV~Vh ds jax dk izHkko

1-3-3 feV~Vh tek djuk

1-4 lkjka’k

1-5 ekWMy mÙkj

1-6 lanHkZ

Structure

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Tools for Collection of Clay1.2.1 Pick1.2.2 Spade1.2.3 Rake

1.3 Identifying Clay1.3.1 Plasticity of Clay1.3.2 Colour of Clay1.3.3 Collection of Clay

1.4 Summary

1.5 Model Answers

1.6 References

Unit Identification and Collection of ClaybdkbZbdkbZbdkbZbdkbZbdkbZ feV~Vh dks igpkuuk vkSj bdV~Bk djukfeV~Vh dks igpkuuk vkSj bdV~Bk djukfeV~Vh dks igpkuuk vkSj bdV~Bk djukfeV~Vh dks igpkuuk vkSj bdV~Bk djukfeV~Vh dks igpkuuk vkSj bdV~Bk djuk1

feV~Vh dh rS;kjhfeV~Vh dh rS;kjhfeV~Vh dh rS;kjhfeV~Vh dh rS;kjhfeV~Vh dh rS;kjhClay Preparation

1

Identification and Collection of Clay

2 Clay Preparation

1-1 ifjp; 1-1 ifjp; 1-1 ifjp; 1-1 ifjp; 1-1 ifjp;

eulq[k vkSj mlds nksLr nhuw dkdk dk bartkj

dj jgs gSaA os vHkh rd viuh >ksaiM+h ls ckgj ugha

fudys gSaA blh >ksaiM+h esa mudh feV~Vh ds crZu

cukus dh dk;Z'kkyk Hkh gSA vkt jfookj dk fnu

gS vkSj nhuw dkdk vius lHkh Nk=ksa ds lkFk xk¡o ds

ckgj ?kweus&fQjus tk jgs gSaA os mUgsa [kwc ?kqek,axs

vkSj ets djk,axsA [ksyrs&dwnrs os mUgsa vyx&vyxvyx&vyxvyx&vyxvyx&vyxvyx&vyx

rjg dh fefV~V;ksa dh igpku Hkh djk,axs vkSjrjg dh fefV~V;ksa dh igpku Hkh djk,axs vkSjrjg dh fefV~V;ksa dh igpku Hkh djk,axs vkSjrjg dh fefV~V;ksa dh igpku Hkh djk,axs vkSjrjg dh fefV~V;ksa dh igpku Hkh djk,axs vkSj

mUgsa fdl rjg bdV~Bk fd;k tkrk gS] bldhmUgsa fdl rjg bdV~Bk fd;k tkrk gS] bldhmUgsa fdl rjg bdV~Bk fd;k tkrk gS] bldhmUgsa fdl rjg bdV~Bk fd;k tkrk gS] bldhmUgsa fdl rjg bdV~Bk fd;k tkrk gS] bldh

fof/k Hkh crk,axsAfof/k Hkh crk,axsAfof/k Hkh crk,axsAfof/k Hkh crk,axsAfof/k Hkh crk,axsA nhuw dkdk us lHkh cPpksa dks

lqcg&lqcg cqyk;k Fkk rkfd os iwjk fnu ekSt&eLrh

esa xqtkj ldsaA dkdk vius dke esa ekfgj gSaA os ;g

Hkh tkurs gSa fd tks dqN mUgksaus vius iwoZtksa ls

lh[kk gS] mls cPpksa dks dSls crk;k tk,A

?kweuk&fQjuk rks ,d cgkuk gS] os bl cgkus cPpksa

dks bl dyk ls ifjfpr djkuk pkgrs gSaA

1.1 Introduction

Mansukh and his friends have been waitingfor Deenu Kaka to come out from his hutwhere he has his pottery workshop. Todayis Sunday and all the Kaka's pupils are goingto a nearby area on the outskirts of thevillage. Deenu Kaka is taking them for apicnic where they would have fun and in theprocess they are going to learn about themethods of identifying and collectingdifferent clays. Kaka had asked them tocome early in the morning so that they canhave the whole day for fun and frolic. DeenuKaka is a master in his field. He knows howto disseminate the knowledge that he hasacquired from his forefathers to these kids.Picnic is a cheese for these kids, which wouldkeep them motivated.

feV~Vh dks igpkuuk vkSj bdV~Bk djuk

3feV~Vh dh rS;kjh

nhuw dkdk eqLdjkrs gq, viuh >ksaiM+h ls ckgj

fudysA muds gkFk esa dqN vkStkj Fks ftUgsa mUgksaus

vius Nk=ksa dks nsrs gq, dgk fd bUgsa nyku esa

cM+xn ds isM+ ds uhps [kM+h cSyxkM+h ij j[k nksA

eulq[k cM+k gh mRlkgh vkSj ftKklq Nk= gSA

mlus dkdk ls bu vkStkjksa ds ckjs esa iwNk] ̂ ^dkdk

ge rks ?kweus&fQjus tk jgs gSa] fQj bu vkStkjksa

dk D;k dke\** dkdk us crk;k ^êulq[k ;g

Bhd gS fd geyksx ?kweus&fQjus vkSj ekSt&eLrh

djus tk jgs gSa ysfdu D;k irk] dgha vPNh dke

yk;d feV~Vh fey tk,A blfy, rqEgkjs ikl

vkStkj rks gksus gh pkfg,A ojuk ml le; iNrkus

ls dksbZ Qk;nk ugha gksxkA**

eulq[k dks ckr le> esa vk xbZ vkSj mlus dgk]

^^vki Bhd dgrs gSa dkdk] eSa cpiu ls gh bu

vkStkjksa dks ns[krk vk;k gw¡ ijarq bUgsa dgrs D;k gSa]

;g eq>s ugha ekyweA dkdk gesa bu vkStkjksa ds uke

crkb,A dkdk eq>s yxrk bu vkStkjksa ds uke xk¡o

esa cksys tkus okys uke ls vyx gh gksaxsAß

dkdk us dgk] ̂ ^rqe Bhd dgrs

gks eulq[kA bu vkStkjksa ds

vyx&vyx uke gSa vkSj rqEgsa

buds uke ;kn j[kus pkfg,A

tc rqe dksbZ vPNh fdrkc

i<+ksxs rks bu ukeksa dk ckj&ckj

mYys[k gk sxkA eq> s ;g

tkudkj [kq'kh gqbZ fd rqe bu

vkStkjksa ds uke tkuuk pkgrs

gksA eq>s Hkh bu vkStkjksa ds

uke crkus esa [kq'kh gksxhAß

Deenu Kaka comes out wearing a smile onhis face. He has got some tools which hehands over to the pupils over there andasked them to keep the tools in the bullockcart parked underneath thebanyan tree in the courtyard.

Mansukh being the mostcurious among them asks Kakaabout the tools. He asks, "Kakawhy are we taking along thesetools when we are going to thepicnic?" Kaka says, "Mansukh,I am not denying the fact thatwe are going to picnic, but younever know when you happento land on a site with very good workableclay. Therefore, you should have your toolsready so that you wouldn't regret later."Mansukh nods his head in agreement.

Mansukh says, "Kaka, I have been seeingthese tools since I was a small child but Idon't know their names. Wewould like to know the namesof these tools. Kaka, I amsure that these tools musthave a different name thanwhat we call them here in ourvillage."

Kaka says, "True Mansukh,all the tools have differentnames and should beremembered so that you canread some good books on

1.2 Tools for Collection of Clay 1-2 feV~Vh tek djus ds vkStkj 1-2 feV~Vh tek djus ds vkStkj 1-2 feV~Vh tek djus ds vkStkj 1-2 feV~Vh tek djus ds vkStkj 1-2 feV~Vh tek djus ds vkStkj


4 Clay Preparation

igyh ckr eSa rqEgsa ;g crkuk pkgrk gw¡ fd bu

vkStkjksa dk mi;ksx feV~Vh [kkstus vkSj [kksnus ds

fy, fd;k tkrk gSA bu vkStkjksa dks /;ku ls

ns[kksA ns[kks] budh /kkj fdruh rst gSA budh rst

/kkj ls feV~Vh [kksnus esa enn feyrh gS vkSj budh

pkSM+kbZ feV~Vh cVksjus esa enn djrh gS]Þ dkdk us

le>k;kA

^^lwjt tjk vkStkj cSyxkM+h ij ls ys vkvks rks]**

dkdk us vius ,d Nk= ls dgkA lwjt vkStkj ys

vk;kA dkdk us bu vkStkjksa dks isM+ ds uhps pcwrjs

ij QSyk fn;kA

1-2-1 xSarh 1-2-1 xSarh 1-2-1 xSarh 1-2-1 xSarh 1-2-1 xSarh

dkdk us bu vkStkjksa dh rjQ b'kkjk djrs gq,

cPpksa ls iwNkA ^^vPNk rks cPpksa crkvks] buesa ls

fdl vkStkj dk mi;ksx feV~Vh [kksnus ds fy,

fd;k tkrk gS \ß

eulq[k us yksxksa dks /kkjnkj vkStkj ls xM~<k

[kksnrs gq, ns[kk FkkA vius vuqHko ls mlus dgk]

^^dkdk] eq>s yxrk gS fd bl

vkStkj ls feV~Vh [kksnh tkrh

gSA** dkdk us vkStkj dk uke

iwNkA ysfdu dksbZ bldk tokc

ugha ns ik;kA

^̂ bl /kkjnkj vkSj uqdhys vkStkj

dks xSarh dgrs gSaA blds uqdhys

/kkj dks ns[kksA ;fn bls tksj ls feV~Vh ij ekjksxs

rks bldh uqdhyh /kkj feV~Vh ij ,d txg iwjh

rkdr ls iM+sxh vkSj ogk¡ dh feV~Vh m[kM+ tk,xh**]

dkdk us vkStkj ds mi;ksx ds lkFk&lkFk mlesa

fufgr foKku Hkh le>kus dh dksf'k'k dhA

pottery where their names will be frequentlymentioned. I am pleased to know that youwant to learn the names of the tools. I wouldbe very glad to tell all of you about the toolsthat we use."

"First of all, you should know that these toolsare used for exploration and excavation ofclay. If you look at them closely you willfind that most of them have sharp edgeswhich assist in digging and some have a largesurface which facilitates clay collection", ex-plains Kaka.

"Suraj get those tools from the cart", asksKaka to one of his pupils. Kaka displays thetool on a small podium built under thebanyan tree. He places the tools as if he isorganizing an exhibition on tools.

1.2.1 Pick"Okay now, children tell me which tool dowe use to dig clay?" Kaka points towardsthe tools.

Mansukh had seen people using that sharpedged tool to dig pits and holes. "Kaka,I think that this is the tool that is beingused to dig clay", says Mansukh withapprehension. Kaka asked for its name buteveryone kept quiet.

"This pointed sharp edged tool is known asPick. Since it has got only one sharp edgethe force which we apply to the tool getsconverged to that single sharp point so as tocreate maximum destruction", Kaka tries toexplain the physics behind.


5feV~Vh dh rS;kjh

1.2.2 Spade

Kaka starts explaining, "See children,this is a Spade. This is used to collectthe clay that has been already dug.Notice the big surface area of the tool.The bigger the surface area the moreclay can rest on it. We also use a broadhoe to collect clay".

1.2.3 Rake

"The next tool that you are seeing is arake. Rake is used to separate bigstones from the clay mass", says Kakawith the demonstration at the same time.

He adds that they also needa basin or basket and asaddlebag to transport clayfrom one place to another. Thechildren are carefully noting allthe minute details.

Kaka asks the children to keepthe tools back in the cart andsets out for the so called picnic. Weatherwas pleasant with few clouds hoveringaround and the December sun wasshining to its maximum.

dM+kghdM+kghdM+kghdM+kghdM+kgh Basin cksjh cksjh cksjh cksjh cksjh Saddlebag Vksdjh Vksdjh Vksdjh Vksdjh Vksdjh Basket

1-2-2 QkoM+k 1-2-2 QkoM+k 1-2-2 QkoM+k 1-2-2 QkoM+k 1-2-2 QkoM+k

vc dkdk bu vkStkjksa ds ckjs esa crkus yxs] ̂ ns[kks cPpksa]

;g QkoM+k gS] bls dqnky Hkh dgrs gSaA blls [kksnh gqbZ

feV~Vh cVksjh tkrh gSA ns[kks bldk

Qky fdruk pkSM+k gSA dqnky dk Qky

ftruk pkSM+k gksxk mlls mruh gh

T;knk feV~Vh cVksjh tk,xhA feV~Vh

cVksjus ds fy, ge pkSM+h dqnkyh dk

Hkh bLrseky djrs gSaAß

1-2-3 ikapk 1-2-3 ikapk 1-2-3 ikapk 1-2-3 ikapk 1-2-3 ikapk

^^;g nwljk vkStkj tks rqe ns[k jgs gks] bls ikapk dgrs

gSaA bldh lgk;rk ls feV~Vh ls cM+s iRFkjksa dks vyx

fd;k tkrk gSA** dkdk us ,slk djds Hkh fn[kk;kA

dkdk us ;g Hkh crk;k fd feV~Vh <ksus ds fy,

dM+kgh ;k Vksdjh vkSj cksjh dh Hkh t:jr iM+rh

gSA cPps cM+s xkSj ls dkdk dh ckrsa lqu vkSj le>

jgs FksA

dkdk us cPpksa ls dgk fd tkvks ;s lkjs vkStkj

xkM+h esa j[k nks vkSj pyks vc ge ?kweus&fQjus

pyrs gSaA ekSle lqgkouk FkkA ckny ds NksVs VqdM+s

b/kj&m/kj vkokjxh dj jgs Fks vkSj tkM+s dk lwjt viuh

iwjh rkdr yxkdj pedus dh dksf'k'k dj jgk FkkA


6 Clay Preparation

D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \ D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \ D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \ D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \ D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \

1- fuEufyf[kr tksM+s cuk,¡1- fuEufyf[kr tksM+s cuk,¡1- fuEufyf[kr tksM+s cuk,¡1- fuEufyf[kr tksM+s cuk,¡1- fuEufyf[kr tksM+s cuk,¡

mnkgj.k% lwjt jkr

pk¡n fnu

i. [kksnuk d- QkoM+k

ii- bdV~Bk djuk [k- ikapk

iii. vyx djuk x- cksjh

iv. <ksuk ?k- xSarh

1-3 feV~Vh igpkuuk1-3 feV~Vh igpkuuk1-3 feV~Vh igpkuuk1-3 feV~Vh igpkuuk1-3 feV~Vh igpkuuk

dkdk us iwNk ^^ cPpksa] D;k rqe tkurs gks] eSaus

feV~Vh dks igpkuuk dSls lh[kk \** cPpksa us dgk

^ûghaA** dkdk us crkuk 'kq: fd;k ^^ns[kks cPpksa]

vPNh feV~Vh dks igpkuuk cgqr t:jh gS] D;ksafd

rqe tks Hkh crZu cukvksxs og dkQh dqN bl ckr

ij fuHkZj djsxk fd rqe ftl feV~Vh dk mi;ksx

dj jgs gks og fdruh vPNh ;k [kjkc gSA**

vc eulq[k ls jgk ugha x;kA og iwN gh cSBk]

^^rc vki gesa crkb, fd crZu cukus ds fy, ge

cf<+;k feV~Vh dk pquko dSls djsa \**

dkdk FkksM+k lk eqLdjkrs gq, cksys ̂ ^ns[kks

bl dyk dks rqe tYnhckth esa ugha

lh[k ldrsA nwljh ckr ;g gS fd

blds ckjs esa rqEgsa dksbZ crkusokyk Hkh

gksuk pkfg,A rqEgsa cgqr lrdZ] tkx:d

jguk gksxk vkSj viuh vk¡[k&dku [kqys

j[kus gksaxsA rqEgkjs Hkhrj phtksa dks tkuus

vkSj [kkstus dh ftKklk Hkh gksuh pkfg,A

Can You Answer ?

1. Match the columns

Example: Sun Night

Moon Day

i. Digging a. Spade or Hoeii. Collecting b. Rakeiii. Separating c. Saddle Bagiv. Transporting d. Pick

1.3 Iden


7feV~Vh dh rS;kjh

1-3-1 feV~Vh dk yphykiu1-3-1 feV~Vh dk yphykiu1-3-1 feV~Vh dk yphykiu1-3-1 feV~Vh dk yphykiu1-3-1 feV~Vh dk yphykiu

dkdk us cPpksa dh vksj ns[kk vkSj crk;k fd ̂ ^cPpksa]

vkerkSj ij NksVs vkSj [kkuk idkus ds crZuksa ds

fy, ykspiw.kZ ¼IykfLVd½ feV~Vh dk mi;ksx djrs

gSa] tcfd cM+s crZuksa ds fy, de ykspiw.kZ rFkk

goknkj gYdh feV~Vh dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA ;g

/;ku j[kks fd ges'kk ,slk gksuk t:jh ugha gSA

ysfdu pyu blh dk gSA cM+s crZuksa ds fy, goknkj

vkSj gYdh feV~Vh dk mi;ksx 'kk;n blfy, fd;k

tkrk gS rkfd ;g T;knk Hkkjh u gksA**

lwjt us loky iwNus ds fy, viuk gkFk mBk;kA

nhuw dkdk us gkeh HkjhA lwjt us iwNk] ̂ ^dkdk gesa

;g yphyh feV~Vh dgk¡ feysxh \**

tifying Clay

Kaka asks, "Children do you know how didI learn this art of clay identification?"Children nod their head in disagreement. Hecontinues, "Its important to identify the bestclay because the final quality of the waredepends on the quality of clay you use forthe preparation."

"Then, what is the key to acquire the bestclay for your wares?" asks Mansukh. Kakasmiles and adds, "There is no shortcut tolearn this art and the best way to learn it is toget a good mentor. Be watchful, careful andobservant and also have the zeal to learn andexplore. Learn from your mentor but don'tlet your creativity down. Belive me, you fol-low my words and no one canstop you from becoming a great artist oneday."

vius ekxZn'kZd ls lh[kus dh dksf'k'k djksA ijarq

viuh l̀tu'kfDr vkSj ckSf)d {kerk dk Hkh mi;ksx

djksA vxj rqeus esjh ckr ekuh rks lp ekuks fd

rqEgsa cM+k dykdkj cuus ls dksbZ jksd ugha ik;sxkA**

1.3.1 Plasticity of Clay

Kaka also adds, "Children, generally we takeplastic clay for small wares and cookingwares while for bigger wares we use lessplastic and highly porous clay. But keep inmind this is not a law, this is just a generalpractice. Bigger wares are perhaps madeporous so that they could stay lightweight."

Suraj raises his hand for his question. DeenuKaka asks him to go ahead with it.

Suraj asks, "Kaka, where do we find highlyplastic clay?" Kaka says, "Good questionSuraj. It means that you are listeningcarefully to what I am mentioning here."


8 Clay Preparation

dkdk us tokc fn;k] ^^cgqr vPNk loky fd;k

rqeus lwjtA bldk eryc gS fd eSa tks dqN crk

jgk gw¡] rqe mls /;ku ls lqu jgs gksA NksVs crZu

vkSj [kkuk idkus ds crZu okyh feV~Vh yphyh

gksuh pkfg,A ,slh feV~Vh xk¡o ds rkykc vkSj unh

dh ryNV esa ikbZ tkrh gSA ;g crZu cukus ds fy,

izkd̀frd :i ls rS;kj feV~Vh gksrh gSA bl izdkj

dh feV~Vh dk lh/ks pkd ij mi;ksx fd;k tk

ldrk gSAÞ

vc eulq[k ds eu esa [kycyh epus yxh D;ksafd

mls Hkh dqN ckrsa le> esa ugha vk;h Fkha vkSj og

loky iwNus ds fy, cspSu gks mBkA mlus dkdk ls

iwNk] ̂ ^dkdk gekjs iM+ksl ds xk¡o esa dksbZ rkykc ;k

unh ugha gSA bldk eryc rks ;g gqvk fd ogk¡

feV~Vh ds crZu ugha cu ldrs\**

dkdk us dgk] ^ûgha eulq[k csVk] ,slh ckr ugha

gSA ;g t:jh ugha fd feV~Vh ds crZu ogha cusa

tgk¡ rkykc vkSj unh gksA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge

feV~Vh dks crZu cukus yk;d cukrs gSaA bl izfØ;k

dks ^feV~Vh cukus dh izfØ;k* ¼,ftax½ dgrs gSaA**

^̂ ge feV~Vh dSls rS;kj djrs

gSa] dkdk \** eulq[k us

iwNkA ^^ns[kk s] eulq[k

/khjs&/khjs rqe lkjh phtsa

lh[k tkvksxsA gM+cM+h

"Small wares and cooking wares need claywith high plasticity. Such clays are found nearor in village ponds and riverbeds. These claysare naturally processed and they can be useddirectly for throwing and other operationswithout going through further processing."

Now Mansukh feels restless because of thedoubt he has got. He says, "Kaka it meansthe village next to us can't make potsbecause they don't have any pond there."

Kaka says, "No Mansukh. They can makepots even when they don't have a river orpond nearby. In such a case we make thenon-workable clay to work by processing it.The process we use is known as 'AGEING' ""How do we do ageing, Kaka?", asksMansukh. "Mansukh, learning is astep-by-step process. Don't try to run aheadotherwise you will not get anything. Staycalm. First you should learn only about clay

collection. I'llanswer thequestion youasked wheneverwe'll do theprocess but notnow", preachesKaka.

epkus dh dksf'k'k er djksA blls rqEgsa dksbZ Qk;nk

ugha gksxkA FkksM+k /kS;Z j[kksA lcls igys rqe ;g

lh[kks fd feV~Vh dSls tek dh tk,A tc ge feV~Vh

cukus dh izfØ;k 'kq: djsaxs rc rqEgsa vius loky dk

tokc Hkh fey tk,xkA** dkdk us eulq[k dks le>k;kA


9feV~Vh dh rS;kjh

D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \ D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \ D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \ D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \ D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \

fodYiksa esa ls xyr fodYi dks dkV nsafodYiksa esa ls xyr fodYi dks dkV nsafodYiksa esa ls xyr fodYi dks dkV nsafodYiksa esa ls xyr fodYi dks dkV nsafodYiksa esa ls xyr fodYi dks dkV nsa

2- ge NksVs crZuksa ds fy, de yphyh feV~Vh

dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA ¼lgh@xyr½

3- cM+s crZuksa ds fy, gYdh goknkj feV~Vh dk

mi;ksx mls gYdk j[kus ds fy, fd;k tkrk

gSA ¼lgh@xyr½

1-3-2 feV~Vh ds jax dk izHkko 1-3-2 feV~Vh ds jax dk izHkko 1-3-2 feV~Vh ds jax dk izHkko 1-3-2 feV~Vh ds jax dk izHkko 1-3-2 feV~Vh ds jax dk izHkko

lwjt us iwNk] **dkdk vkius rkykc ds cxy dh

igkM+h rks ns[kh gh gksxhA bldh feV~Vh ihyh gS rks

D;k blls cuk, x, crZu Hkh ihys gksaxs \** dkdk us

tokc fn;k] ^^rqe Bhd dgrs gks lwjt] feV~Vh ls

cuk, x, crZu ds jax ij feV~Vh ds jax dk Hkh

vlj iM+rk gS ysfdu bldk eryc ;g ugha gS fd

ihyh feV~Vh ls cuk;k x;k crZu Hkh ihyk gh

gksxkA bl izdkj dh feV~Vh ls cus crZu ij ihykiu

rks jg ldrk gS ijarq crZu cukus esa bls dbZ

izfØ;kvksa ls xqtjuk iM+rk gS ftlls blds jax esa

QdZ vk tkrk gSA**

Can You Answer ?

Strike off the incorrect answer2. We use less plastic clay for small wares. (Right /Wrong)

3. Bigger wares are made porous so thatthey can stay light weight. (Right /Wrong)

1.3.2 Colour of Clay

Suraj has another question this time. "Kakacan you see the hill next to the pond? It hasgot yellowish clay. Does it mean that the potmade by such clay would appear yellow?"asks Suraj. Kaka replies, "Its true Suraj thatthe colour of the final product gets affectedby the colour of the raw material you use.This doesn't always mean that the yellow claywould also give you a yellow pot. It can havea tinge of yellow but again since pottery is acombination of many processes one can'tbe certain about the colour."


10 Clay Preparation

**crZu dks fdruh nsj rd vkSj fdruh vk¡p ij

idk;k x;k blls Hkh jax esa QdZ vk ldrk gSA

bl izdkj ge ns[krs gSa fd ik= cukus ds dbZ igyw

gSa ftuds lkFk ,d vPNk dkjhxj [ksy ldrk gS

vkSj dbZ rjg dh vkd̀fr;k¡ dbZ jaxksa esa jpdj

viuh mRd̀"Vrk iznf'kZr dj ldrk gSA**

vUr esa lcyksx ml LFkku ij igq¡ps tgk¡ cPpksa dks

fidfud eukuh FkhA eulq[k] lwjt vkSj nwljs

cPpksa us ydfM+;k¡ bdV~Bh dha vkSj dkdk us mUgsa

,d ds Åij ,d tek djds mlesa vkx yxk;hA

fQj iwjh] Hkkth vkSj HkÙkkZ cukus dh rS;kjh 'kq: gks

x;hA vkt dkdk cPpksa dk Hkjiwj euksjatu djkuk

pkgrs FksA

1-3-3 feV~Vh tek djuk1-3-3 feV~Vh tek djuk1-3-3 feV~Vh tek djuk1-3-3 feV~Vh tek djuk1-3-3 feV~Vh tek djuk

Hkkstu djus ds ckn cPps mNy&dwn djus yxs

vkSj mlds ckn okil ykSVus dk le; gks x;kA

dkdk us og txg igys gh pqu j[kh Fkh] tgk¡ ls

ubZ ewfrZ;ksa ds fy, feV~Vh bdV~Bh djuh FkhA ;s

ewfrZ;k¡ x.kifr mRlo ds fy,

cukuh FkhaA dkdk us cPpksa dks

fn[kk;k fd vkStkjksa dh enn

ls feV~Vh dSls bdV~Bh dh tkrh

gSA cPpksa us mudh ns[kkns[kh

feV~Vh bdV~Bh dh vkSj lh[kus

dh fØ;k 'kq: gks x;hA cPps

cksjh esa feV~Vh Hkjdj cSyxkM+h

esa cSB x;sA dkdk us muls dqN

loky iwNs vkSj muls tokc nsus

dks dgkA

"The amount of baking and the bakingtemperature also affect the colour. Theparameters are so many that there can becountless outcomes depending upon thevalues you feed in. That's why pottery is funbecause you have so many things to playwith."

Finally they reached the picnic spot.Mansukh, Suraj and the other guys collectsome logs while Kaka makes a pile of them.Kaka sets the pile on fire and prepares theraw material to cook pudi-bhaji and bharta.This is what Kaka is treating these childrenwith.

1.3.3 Collection of Clay

After having finished the lunch, childrenplayed and had some fun and they are nowreturning back. Kaka had already spotted thesite to collect the clay for the new idols thathe would be making for the upcoming Ganpatifestival. He instructs thechildren to collect the claywith the tools he hasbrought by showing themthe method. Childrenfollow and the learninghas started. Children packthe clay in saddlebagsand sit back in the cart.Kaka puts forth somequestions and asks themto answer.


11feV~Vh dh rS;kjh

Kaka's Test

1. What are the basic tools needed fordigging and collecting the clay? Namethem.

2. Why do we use highly porous clay forbigger wares?

3. Why do we prefer to use clay fromponds and riverbeds?

4. What is the process called, used tomake the clay plastic ?

5. How does the colour of the clay affectthe colour of the final product? Whatother factors affect the colour of thepot?

6. Can we use spade for digging and pickfor collection? Give reasons.

All the children try to answer these questions.If Kaka doesn't get the proper answer thenhe tells himself. Finally they have reachedback to Kakas's workshop. They all helpKaka to unload the cart and bid himgood-bye. Kaka asks them to cometomorrow when they will learn about theprocessing of clay.

dkdk ds iz'u dkdk ds iz'u dkdk ds iz'u dkdk ds iz'u dkdk ds iz'u

1- feV~Vh [kksnus vkSj cVksjus ds fy, t:jh

vkStkjksa ds uke crkvksA

2- cM+s crZu cukus ds fy, ge goknkj vkSj

gYdh feV~Vh dk mi;ksx D;ksa djrs gSa \

3- rkykc vkSj unh dh feV~Vh dk mi;ksx djuk

ge D;ksa csgrj le>rs gSa \

4- feV~Vh dks uje vkSj yphyh ¼IykfLVd½ cukus

dh izfØ;k dks D;k dgk tkrk gS \

5- feV~Vh dk jax crZu ds jax dks dSls izHkkfor

djrk gS \ blds vfrfjDr vkSj fdu ckrksa

ij ik=ksa dk jax fuHkZj djrk gS \

6- D;k ge feV~Vh [kksnus ds fy, QkoM+k rFkk

feV~Vh cVksjus ds fy, xSrh dk iz;ksx dj

ldrs gSa\ dkj.k crk,¡A

lkjs cPpksa us bu lokyksa dk tokc nsus dk iz;Ru

fd;kA ;fn cPps lgh tokc ugha ns ik, rks dkdk

us ml loky dk tokc crk fn;kA vkf[kjdkj os

dkdk ds dk;Z'kkyk esa okil igq¡p x,A mu lHkh us

cSyxkM+h ls lkeku mrkjus esa dkdk dh enn dh

vkSj dkdk dks ueLdkj dj okil vius ?kj pys

x;sA dkdk us muls dgk] Þdy t:j vkukA ge

feV~Vh dks rS;kj djus dh izfØ;k lh[ksaxsAÞ


12 Clay Preparation

1-4 lkjka'k 1-4 lkjka'k 1-4 lkjka'k 1-4 lkjka'k 1-4 lkjka'k

& xSarh] QkoM+k vkSj ik¡pk feV~Vh [kksnus vkSj

cVksjus ds fy, bLrseky gksrs gSaA

& cksjh vkSj dM+kgh dk iz;ksx [kksnh x;h feV~Vh

<ksus ds fy, gksrk gSA

& nks izdkj dh feV~Vh gksrh gS

v- T;knk IykfLVd

c- de IykfLVd

& rkykc vkSj unh ds ryNV esa ik;h tkus

okyh feV~Vh izkd̀frd :i ls rS;kj feV~Vh

gksrh gSA

& nwljs Lkzksrksaa ls miyC/k feV~Vh dks ,ftax

}kjk crZu cukus yk;d rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA

& crZu dk jax dbZ igyqvksa ij fuHkZj djrk gS

tSls feV~Vh dk jax] fdl izdkj ls idkuk]

fdruk vkSj fdl rkieku ij idkuk vkfnA

1-5 ekWMy mÙkj1-5 ekWMy mÙkj1-5 ekWMy mÙkj1-5 ekWMy mÙkj1-5 ekWMy mÙkj

D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \D;k vki crk ldrs gSa \

1- ¼1&?k½ ¼2&d½ ¼3&[k½ ¼4&x½

2- xyr

3- lgh

1.4 Summary

& Spade, Pick, Rake are the tools usedfor exploration, excavation and collec-tion of clay.

& Keep a basin and saddlebag for trans-portation of excavated clay.

& There are two types of claya. Higly plasticb. Less Plastic

& Clay obtained from ponds and riversare naturally processed clay.

& Clay obtained from other sources canalso be made workable by 'Ageing'.

& Colour of ware depends on variousfactors like colour of clay, amount andtype of baking, temperature of baking,etc.

1.5 Model Answers

Can you Answer ?

1. (1 - d ) (2 - a) (3 - b) (4 - c)2. wrong3. right


13feV~Vh dh rS;kjh

Kaka's Test

1. Pick, spade and rake

2. Refer section 1.3.1


4. Ageing


6. No. Refer sections 1.2.1 & 1.2.2

1.6 References

Meet a potter nearby and see the toolsand other items he uses for exploration,excavation and collection of clay.

dkdk ds iz'u dkdk ds iz'u dkdk ds iz'u dkdk ds iz'u dkdk ds iz'u

1- xSarh] QkoM+k vkSj i¡kpk

2- ns[ksa vuqHkkx 1-3-1

3- ns[ksa vuqHkkx ¼1-3-1½

4- ,ftax

5- ns[ksa vuqHkkx 1-3-2

6- ughaA ns[ksa vuqHkkx 1-2-1 vkSj ¼1-2-2½

1-6 lanHkZ1-6 lanHkZ1-6 lanHkZ1-6 lanHkZ1-6 lanHkZ

vius utnhd fdlh dqEgkj ls feysa vkSj ns[ksa fd os

feV~Vh [kksnus] [kkstus vkSj bdV~Bk djus ds fy,

dkSu ls vkStkjksa dk bLrseky djrs gSa A

Documents

Unit-1.pdf - eGyanKosh