PHYTOTAXA

ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition)

ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition)Copyright copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Phytotaxa 163 (2) 113ndash120

wwwmapresscomphytotaxaArticle

httpdxdoiorg1011646phytotaxa16325

Two new Eugenia species (Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic forest

AUGUSTO GIARETTA1 amp CLAUDIO NICOLETTI DE FRAGA2

1Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botacircnico do Rio de Janeiro Escola Nacional de Botacircnica Tropical Rua Pacheco Leatildeo 2040 22460-

030 Jardim Botacircnico Rio de Janeiro Brazil 2Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botacircnico do Rio de Janeiro Rua Pacheco Leatildeo 915 22460-030 Jardim Botacircnico Rio de Janeiro

BrazilCorresponding author (augustogiarettagmailcom)

Abstract

Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) endemic to the Atlantic forest in the state of Espiacuterito Santo Brazil are

described Eugenia amorimii has fruits with brown mealy indumentum and is similar to E multicostata while Eugenia

sobraliana has a characteristic pedicels exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis and is similar to E sessiliflora The new

species are restricted to single localities in the central and northwestern regions of Espiacuterito Santo According to the

criteria of the IUCN Red List of endangered plant species both species should be considered as ldquoVulnerablerdquo

Key words Brazil endemism Espiacuterito Santo new species taxonomy

Introduction

One of the original centers of diversification of the Myrtaceae is the Atlantic forest of the tropical to temperate southeastern South America (Wilson et al 2001) one of the largest rainforests in the Americas Most of its original cover is found in Brazil with 684 species around 75 of which endemic to this domain (Sobral et al 2013) Eugenia Linnaeus (1753 470) is one of the largest genera of the Brazilian Myrtaceae (Landrum amp Kawasaki 1997) and is well-represented in the floristic inventories of Espiacuterito Santo (Jesus amp Rolim 2005 Saiter et al 2011 Giaretta et al 2013)

The remaining forest cover in Espiacuterito Santo is about 8 of the original Atlantic forest and only 3 of its state territory is found in protected areas (Lani et al 2008) They comprise about 48000 ha with the Protected Environmental Area of Pedra do Elefante and the Biological Reserve of Duas Bocas of particular importance Scarce botanical collections in these protected areas called for the intensification of survey efforts by the team working on the project ldquoVascular plant diversity and the conservation status of endemic species of three protected areas of the montane Atlantic forest in Espiacuterito Santordquo where both of the new species were collected

Material and Methods

Morphological data were obtained through the study of herbarium specimens as well as material collected during field work with the descriptions key and illustrations based on both fresh and dried fertile material Voucher specimens were dried and pressed according to Fidalgo amp Bononi (1984) and deposited at RB with duplicates distributed to BHCB CEPEC MBML RB and UPCB

Data on the distribution of the new species is presented mapped with elevations state limits and vegetation remnants taken from satellite images The map was made using DIVA-GIS program version 52 (Hijmans et al

2005) satellite images were downloaded from Google Earth

Accepted by Eve Lucas 3 Mar 2014 published 24 Mar 2014 113

Taxonomy

Eugenia amorimii Fraga amp Giaretta sp nov (Figs 1 2)

This species is close to Eugenia multicostata but differs from it by the fruits with the brown mealy indumentum and bracteoles persisting

TypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Cariacica Reserva Bioloacutegica Duas Bocas localidade de Alegre trilha do Pau Oco Floresta Ombroacutefila Densa Montana elev 600 m 4 May 2008 (fr) AM Amorim AP Fontana amp WM Satildeo-Mateus 7348

(Holotype RB isotype BHCB CEPEC MBML UPCB)

Tree 6ndash12 m Branchlets grey subterete with scattered whitish simple trichomes to 05 mm deciduous with age Leaves with petioles 4ndash65 times 1ndash15 mm adaxially canaliculate blades elliptic glabrous 66ndash105 times 24ndash49 cm discolored when dry lighter green abaxially glandular dots less than 01 mm in diameter 20ndash25 per square millimeter darker abaxially apex obtuse and short acuminate sometimes acute base cuneate midvein salient or biconvex adaxially with visible glandular dots prominent abaxially secondary veins 11ndash15 salient on both sides slight adaxially and moderately salient abaxially marginal veins two the internal one 2ndash38 mm the external one 05ndash1 mm from the margin Inflorescence racemiform axillary the axis 3ndash16 mm with 2ndash6 flowers occasionally terminal inflorescences on an auxotelic axis producing vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis basal bracts ovate glabrous 05 times 1 mm occasionally persisting in fruit pedicels in fruits glabrous 7ndash17 times 1ndash13 mm bracteoles ovate concave glabrous margins with cilia up to 02 mm 15ndash16 times 15 mm not connate persisting in fruit flowers not seen Fruits globose with brown mealy indumentum trichome less than 01 mm 8ndashsulcate 15ndash20 mm diameter yellowishndashgreen when not completely ripe crowned by the persistent four calyx lobes glabrous margins with cilia up to 01 mm concave unequal the external ones 3ndash35 times 3ndash4 mm the internal 45ndash55 times 45ndash5 mm hemispherical one seed per fruit testa yellowish with the 08 mm thick woody and easily detectable embryo globose to reniform 12ndash13 times 9ndash11 mm cotyledons fused and indistinguishable cotyledons and hypocotyl not evident

PhenologymdashCollected in fruit in May and JulyEtymologymdashThis specific epithet pays homage to Andreacute Maacutercio Arauacutejo Amorim one of the collectors of

both described species He has made important contributions to the study of Brazilian biodiversity especially of southern Bahia and Malpighiaceae

Distribution and habitatmdashEugenia amorimii is so far known from only two collections in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve that consists of 2910 ha of Atlantic rainforest in the central part of Espiacuterito Santo (Fig 3) This species may also be found in other forest fragments around this Reserve in the bordering municipalities of Cariacica Viana Santa Leopoldina and Domingos Martins The species has been collected at 600ndash700 m elevThese forest remnants are characterized by high species richness with several endemic species recently described for other plant families (Alves et al 2002 Sousa 2004 Fiaschi amp Pirani 2005 Fraga amp Saavedra 2006 Camargo amp Goldenberg 2011 Kollmann amp Peixoto 2012)

ConservationmdashThis new species is endemic to just one locality in Espiacuterito Santo with populations of few

scattered individuals in an area of less than 20 km2 It is thus prone to the effects of stochastic events and its continued existence cant be assured Although this locality is in a protected area it has open boundaries and is prone to negative impacts from the nearby livestock-raising farms and coffee plantations with their use of agricultural pesticides and undisciplined management of natural resources The new species thus falls under the category Vulnerable (VU D2) of the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013) of endangered plant species

ParatypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Cariacica Reserva Bioloacutegica Duas Bocas localidade de Alegre trilha do Pau Oco Floresta Ombroacutefila Densa Montana elev 600 m 4 Jul 2008 (fr) AM Amorim et al 7643 (BHCB CEPEC MBML RB UPCB)

AffinitiesmdashThis species is similar to E multicostata DLegrand (1961 309) but can be distinguished by the following morphological characters

1 Inflorescences usually terminal with 2ndash12 flowers bracteoles deciduous before anthesis fruit glabrous Eugenia multicostata

1rsquo Inflorescence usually axillary with 2ndash6 flowers bracteoles persisting fruit with brown mealy indumentum Eugenia amorimii

GIARETTA amp FRAGA114 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

FIGURE 1 Eugenia amorimii Fraga amp Giaretta a Holotype b Details of fruits from the paratype deposited at RB (scalemdash10 mm)

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 115TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 2 Vegetation physiognomy of the type-locality and morphology of Eugenia amorimii (andashf) and Eugenia sobraliana (gndashk)

a General view of the Atlantic forest and of the artificial lake at the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve Cariacica Espiacuterito Santo Brazil

b Understory of the Atlantic rain forest at the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve c Fruiting branch with leaves d Node with leaves

inflorescence pedicels and fruit e Fruit lateral view f Fruit front view g Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante

Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo Brazil h Inselbergs covered by rupiculous vegetation (foreground left and background) and dry

seasonal forests (foreground right) i Flowering branch with detail of the adaxial leaf side j Detail of the inflorescence and flower

lateral view k Flower front view (cndashg from Amorim 7348 hndashk from Fraga 2502 all photos by CN Fraga)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA116 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga sp nov (Figs 2 4)

This specie is related to Eugenia sessilifolia but differs from it by its ovate leaves fasciculiform inflorescence with 2ndash4 flowers and pedicels exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis

TypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Serra de Baixo Mata do Fuxico Floresta Estacional Semidecidual elev 360 m 14 Apr 2009 (fl) CN Fraga RC Forzza AM Amorim amp L

Daneu 2502 (Holotype RB isotypes BHCB CEPEC MBML UPCB)

Tree 3ndash4 m Branchlets terete glabrous longitudinally striate irregularly exfoliating grey with young tissue reddish below Leaves sessile or subsessile glabrous petioles when present to 1ndash2 times 25 mm blades ovate rarely oblong glabrous 54ndash14 times 32ndash62 cm discolorous when dry lighter abaxially glandular dots 01 mm diameter 5ndash9 per square millimeter darker abaxially apex acute to acuminate base cordate or subcordate midvein sulcate or biconvex adaxially prominent abaxially secondary veins 14ndash18 slightly salient abaxially and mostly visible marginal veins two the internal one 25ndash55 mm the external one 05ndash15 mm from the margin the margin occasionally slightly revolute Inflorescences fasciculiform axillary the axes 1ndash2 times 12 mm with 2ndash4 flowers basal bracts ovate with simple brown trichomes 1ndash15 times 08 mm persisting after anthesis pedicels 12ndash28 times 05 mm in flower bud glabrous with a discrete rupture below the bracteoles when in flower bud exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis bracteoles ovate with sparse simple brown trichomes 06ndash15 times 1ndash12 mm not connate persisting after anthesis flower buds pyriform 55ndash7 times 5ndash65 mm glabrous calyx lobes four glabrous concave unequal the external ones 35ndash4 times 5ndash55 mm hemispherical the internal 45ndash55 times 5 mm hemispherical or oblong petals four white rounded concave glabrous margins with cilia 02ndash03 mm 8ndash9 times 7ndash9 mm stamens about 180 to 14 mm anthers 1ndash13 times 05ndash07 mm eglandular stamen disk 5ndash6 mm in diameter with simple grey trichomes 01 mm style to 85 mm glabrous stigma punctiform ovary with two locules and 10ndash12 ovules per locule Fruit not seen

PhenologymdashFlowers were collected in April and JulyEtymologymdashThe specific epithet pays homage to Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral whose botanical studies

have made valuable contributions to our knowledge of Brazilian biodiversity especially to that of the Myrtaceae

FIGURE 3 Distribution of Eugenia amorimii (black squares) and Eugenia sobraliana (black dots) with detail of a satellite image of the habitat Espiacuterito Santo Brazil

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 117TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 4 Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga a Holotype b Details of the inflorescence from the isotype deposited at RB c Details of flowers from the paratype deposited at RB (scalemdash10 mm)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA118 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Distribution and habitatmdashEugenia sobraliana is known so far from only two collections in the Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante in the municipality of Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo (Fig 3) and is seemingly restricted to inselbergs covered in dry seasonal forests at elevations of c 150 to 360 m elev The region is characterized by granitic and gneissic inselbergs that are frequently dome-shaped and rise more or less abruptly above the surrounding landscape and delimited by the border of the tropical semideciduous forest The inselbergs of southeastern Brazil have been recognized as one of the three top hotspots of the inselberg plant diversity by their species richness and the high level of endemism (Porembski 2007) Several endemic species of other plant families have been recently described for these dry seasonal forest remnants (Versieux amp Wanderley 2010 Leme et al 2010 Goldenberg et al 2012)

ConservationmdashThis species is endemic to just one locality with populations of few and scattered individuals

in an area of less than 20 km2 It is thus prone to the effects of stochastic events and its continued existence cant be assured Although this locality lies in a protected area it has open boundaries with livestock farms and their frequently undisciplined use of natural resources We therefore include this species under the category VU D2 of the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013) of endangered plant species

ParatypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Trilha Principal na Mata da Fazenda Santa Rita Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Elev 154 m 16 Jul 2008 (fl) AM

Amorim et al 7522 (BHCB CEPEC MBML RB UPCB)AffinitiesmdashEugenia sobraliana is close to Eugenia sessilifolia de Candolle (1828 263) from which it differs

by the morphological characters presented in the following key

1 Leaves elliptic base truncate or subcordate inflorescence terminal on an auxotelic axis producing vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis flowers 2ndash6 pedicels not exfoliating Eugenia sessilifolia

1rsquo Leaves ovate base cordate to subcordate inflorescence axillary fasciculiform with 2ndash4 flowers pedicels exfoliating after anthesis Eugenia sobraliana

Acknowledgments

We thank Andreacute M Amorim Andreacute Paviotti Fontana Ludovic Kollmann Paulo Labiak Rafaela C Forzza and Renato Goldenberg for their company and help during the fieldwork The first author was supported by a grant from the Coordenaccedilatildeo de Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) the second author by a grant from the project ldquoDiversidade da flora vascular e status de conservaccedilatildeo das espeacutecies endecircmicas em trecircs Unidades de Conservaccedilatildeo de floresta atlacircntica montana no Estado do Espiacuterito Santordquo sponsored by the Fundaccedilatildeo O Boticaacuterio de Proteccedilatildeo agrave Natureza (Proc 0756-20072) We also express our gratitude to the Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente ndash IEMA (Espiacuterito Santo) for the support and permission to collect in the ldquoReserva Bioloacutegica de Duas Bocasrdquo and ldquoAacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefanterdquo and Alex Popovkin for the English language review and suggestions for this manuscript

References

Alves MV Thomas WW amp Wanderley MGL (2002) New species of Hypolytrum Rich (Cyperaceae) from the Neotropics Brittonia 54 124ndash135 httpdxdoiorg1016630007-196x(2002)054[0124nsohrc]20co2

Berg OC (1857ndash1859) Myrtaceae In Martius KFP von (org) Flora Brasiliensis 14(1) 1ndash656Camargo EA amp Goldenberg R (2011) Two new species of Leandra from Espiacuterito Santo Brazil Brittonia 63 220ndash226Candolle AP de (1828) Myrtaceae In Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni Vegetabilis 3 263

httpdxdoiorg105962bhltitle286Fiaschi P amp Pirani JR (2005) Four new species of Schefflera (Araliaceae) from Espiacuterito Santo State Brazil Kew Bulletin 60

77ndash85Fraga CN amp Saavedra MM (2006) Three new species of Elvasia (Ochnaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with an

emended key for subgenus Hostmannia Novon 16 483ndash489 httpdxdoiorg1034171055-3177(2006)16[483tnsoeo]20co2

Giaretta A Menezes LFT amp Pereira OJ (2013) Structure and floristic pattern of coastal dunes in southeastern Brazil Acta

Botanica Brasilica 27(1) 87ndash107

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 119TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

Taxonomy

Eugenia amorimii Fraga amp Giaretta sp nov (Figs 1 2)

This species is close to Eugenia multicostata but differs from it by the fruits with the brown mealy indumentum and bracteoles persisting

TypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Cariacica Reserva Bioloacutegica Duas Bocas localidade de Alegre trilha do Pau Oco Floresta Ombroacutefila Densa Montana elev 600 m 4 May 2008 (fr) AM Amorim AP Fontana amp WM Satildeo-Mateus 7348

(Holotype RB isotype BHCB CEPEC MBML UPCB)

Tree 6ndash12 m Branchlets grey subterete with scattered whitish simple trichomes to 05 mm deciduous with age Leaves with petioles 4ndash65 times 1ndash15 mm adaxially canaliculate blades elliptic glabrous 66ndash105 times 24ndash49 cm discolored when dry lighter green abaxially glandular dots less than 01 mm in diameter 20ndash25 per square millimeter darker abaxially apex obtuse and short acuminate sometimes acute base cuneate midvein salient or biconvex adaxially with visible glandular dots prominent abaxially secondary veins 11ndash15 salient on both sides slight adaxially and moderately salient abaxially marginal veins two the internal one 2ndash38 mm the external one 05ndash1 mm from the margin Inflorescence racemiform axillary the axis 3ndash16 mm with 2ndash6 flowers occasionally terminal inflorescences on an auxotelic axis producing vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis basal bracts ovate glabrous 05 times 1 mm occasionally persisting in fruit pedicels in fruits glabrous 7ndash17 times 1ndash13 mm bracteoles ovate concave glabrous margins with cilia up to 02 mm 15ndash16 times 15 mm not connate persisting in fruit flowers not seen Fruits globose with brown mealy indumentum trichome less than 01 mm 8ndashsulcate 15ndash20 mm diameter yellowishndashgreen when not completely ripe crowned by the persistent four calyx lobes glabrous margins with cilia up to 01 mm concave unequal the external ones 3ndash35 times 3ndash4 mm the internal 45ndash55 times 45ndash5 mm hemispherical one seed per fruit testa yellowish with the 08 mm thick woody and easily detectable embryo globose to reniform 12ndash13 times 9ndash11 mm cotyledons fused and indistinguishable cotyledons and hypocotyl not evident

PhenologymdashCollected in fruit in May and JulyEtymologymdashThis specific epithet pays homage to Andreacute Maacutercio Arauacutejo Amorim one of the collectors of

both described species He has made important contributions to the study of Brazilian biodiversity especially of southern Bahia and Malpighiaceae

Distribution and habitatmdashEugenia amorimii is so far known from only two collections in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve that consists of 2910 ha of Atlantic rainforest in the central part of Espiacuterito Santo (Fig 3) This species may also be found in other forest fragments around this Reserve in the bordering municipalities of Cariacica Viana Santa Leopoldina and Domingos Martins The species has been collected at 600ndash700 m elevThese forest remnants are characterized by high species richness with several endemic species recently described for other plant families (Alves et al 2002 Sousa 2004 Fiaschi amp Pirani 2005 Fraga amp Saavedra 2006 Camargo amp Goldenberg 2011 Kollmann amp Peixoto 2012)

ConservationmdashThis new species is endemic to just one locality in Espiacuterito Santo with populations of few

scattered individuals in an area of less than 20 km2 It is thus prone to the effects of stochastic events and its continued existence cant be assured Although this locality is in a protected area it has open boundaries and is prone to negative impacts from the nearby livestock-raising farms and coffee plantations with their use of agricultural pesticides and undisciplined management of natural resources The new species thus falls under the category Vulnerable (VU D2) of the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013) of endangered plant species

ParatypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Cariacica Reserva Bioloacutegica Duas Bocas localidade de Alegre trilha do Pau Oco Floresta Ombroacutefila Densa Montana elev 600 m 4 Jul 2008 (fr) AM Amorim et al 7643 (BHCB CEPEC MBML RB UPCB)

AffinitiesmdashThis species is similar to E multicostata DLegrand (1961 309) but can be distinguished by the following morphological characters

1 Inflorescences usually terminal with 2ndash12 flowers bracteoles deciduous before anthesis fruit glabrous Eugenia multicostata

1rsquo Inflorescence usually axillary with 2ndash6 flowers bracteoles persisting fruit with brown mealy indumentum Eugenia amorimii

GIARETTA amp FRAGA114 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

FIGURE 1 Eugenia amorimii Fraga amp Giaretta a Holotype b Details of fruits from the paratype deposited at RB (scalemdash10 mm)

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 115TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 2 Vegetation physiognomy of the type-locality and morphology of Eugenia amorimii (andashf) and Eugenia sobraliana (gndashk)

a General view of the Atlantic forest and of the artificial lake at the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve Cariacica Espiacuterito Santo Brazil

b Understory of the Atlantic rain forest at the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve c Fruiting branch with leaves d Node with leaves

inflorescence pedicels and fruit e Fruit lateral view f Fruit front view g Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante

Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo Brazil h Inselbergs covered by rupiculous vegetation (foreground left and background) and dry

seasonal forests (foreground right) i Flowering branch with detail of the adaxial leaf side j Detail of the inflorescence and flower

lateral view k Flower front view (cndashg from Amorim 7348 hndashk from Fraga 2502 all photos by CN Fraga)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA116 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga sp nov (Figs 2 4)

This specie is related to Eugenia sessilifolia but differs from it by its ovate leaves fasciculiform inflorescence with 2ndash4 flowers and pedicels exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis

TypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Serra de Baixo Mata do Fuxico Floresta Estacional Semidecidual elev 360 m 14 Apr 2009 (fl) CN Fraga RC Forzza AM Amorim amp L

Daneu 2502 (Holotype RB isotypes BHCB CEPEC MBML UPCB)

Tree 3ndash4 m Branchlets terete glabrous longitudinally striate irregularly exfoliating grey with young tissue reddish below Leaves sessile or subsessile glabrous petioles when present to 1ndash2 times 25 mm blades ovate rarely oblong glabrous 54ndash14 times 32ndash62 cm discolorous when dry lighter abaxially glandular dots 01 mm diameter 5ndash9 per square millimeter darker abaxially apex acute to acuminate base cordate or subcordate midvein sulcate or biconvex adaxially prominent abaxially secondary veins 14ndash18 slightly salient abaxially and mostly visible marginal veins two the internal one 25ndash55 mm the external one 05ndash15 mm from the margin the margin occasionally slightly revolute Inflorescences fasciculiform axillary the axes 1ndash2 times 12 mm with 2ndash4 flowers basal bracts ovate with simple brown trichomes 1ndash15 times 08 mm persisting after anthesis pedicels 12ndash28 times 05 mm in flower bud glabrous with a discrete rupture below the bracteoles when in flower bud exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis bracteoles ovate with sparse simple brown trichomes 06ndash15 times 1ndash12 mm not connate persisting after anthesis flower buds pyriform 55ndash7 times 5ndash65 mm glabrous calyx lobes four glabrous concave unequal the external ones 35ndash4 times 5ndash55 mm hemispherical the internal 45ndash55 times 5 mm hemispherical or oblong petals four white rounded concave glabrous margins with cilia 02ndash03 mm 8ndash9 times 7ndash9 mm stamens about 180 to 14 mm anthers 1ndash13 times 05ndash07 mm eglandular stamen disk 5ndash6 mm in diameter with simple grey trichomes 01 mm style to 85 mm glabrous stigma punctiform ovary with two locules and 10ndash12 ovules per locule Fruit not seen

PhenologymdashFlowers were collected in April and JulyEtymologymdashThe specific epithet pays homage to Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral whose botanical studies

have made valuable contributions to our knowledge of Brazilian biodiversity especially to that of the Myrtaceae

FIGURE 3 Distribution of Eugenia amorimii (black squares) and Eugenia sobraliana (black dots) with detail of a satellite image of the habitat Espiacuterito Santo Brazil

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 117TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 4 Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga a Holotype b Details of the inflorescence from the isotype deposited at RB c Details of flowers from the paratype deposited at RB (scalemdash10 mm)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA118 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Distribution and habitatmdashEugenia sobraliana is known so far from only two collections in the Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante in the municipality of Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo (Fig 3) and is seemingly restricted to inselbergs covered in dry seasonal forests at elevations of c 150 to 360 m elev The region is characterized by granitic and gneissic inselbergs that are frequently dome-shaped and rise more or less abruptly above the surrounding landscape and delimited by the border of the tropical semideciduous forest The inselbergs of southeastern Brazil have been recognized as one of the three top hotspots of the inselberg plant diversity by their species richness and the high level of endemism (Porembski 2007) Several endemic species of other plant families have been recently described for these dry seasonal forest remnants (Versieux amp Wanderley 2010 Leme et al 2010 Goldenberg et al 2012)

ConservationmdashThis species is endemic to just one locality with populations of few and scattered individuals

in an area of less than 20 km2 It is thus prone to the effects of stochastic events and its continued existence cant be assured Although this locality lies in a protected area it has open boundaries with livestock farms and their frequently undisciplined use of natural resources We therefore include this species under the category VU D2 of the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013) of endangered plant species

ParatypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Trilha Principal na Mata da Fazenda Santa Rita Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Elev 154 m 16 Jul 2008 (fl) AM

Amorim et al 7522 (BHCB CEPEC MBML RB UPCB)AffinitiesmdashEugenia sobraliana is close to Eugenia sessilifolia de Candolle (1828 263) from which it differs

by the morphological characters presented in the following key

1 Leaves elliptic base truncate or subcordate inflorescence terminal on an auxotelic axis producing vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis flowers 2ndash6 pedicels not exfoliating Eugenia sessilifolia

1rsquo Leaves ovate base cordate to subcordate inflorescence axillary fasciculiform with 2ndash4 flowers pedicels exfoliating after anthesis Eugenia sobraliana

Acknowledgments

We thank Andreacute M Amorim Andreacute Paviotti Fontana Ludovic Kollmann Paulo Labiak Rafaela C Forzza and Renato Goldenberg for their company and help during the fieldwork The first author was supported by a grant from the Coordenaccedilatildeo de Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) the second author by a grant from the project ldquoDiversidade da flora vascular e status de conservaccedilatildeo das espeacutecies endecircmicas em trecircs Unidades de Conservaccedilatildeo de floresta atlacircntica montana no Estado do Espiacuterito Santordquo sponsored by the Fundaccedilatildeo O Boticaacuterio de Proteccedilatildeo agrave Natureza (Proc 0756-20072) We also express our gratitude to the Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente ndash IEMA (Espiacuterito Santo) for the support and permission to collect in the ldquoReserva Bioloacutegica de Duas Bocasrdquo and ldquoAacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefanterdquo and Alex Popovkin for the English language review and suggestions for this manuscript

References

Alves MV Thomas WW amp Wanderley MGL (2002) New species of Hypolytrum Rich (Cyperaceae) from the Neotropics Brittonia 54 124ndash135 httpdxdoiorg1016630007-196x(2002)054[0124nsohrc]20co2

Berg OC (1857ndash1859) Myrtaceae In Martius KFP von (org) Flora Brasiliensis 14(1) 1ndash656Camargo EA amp Goldenberg R (2011) Two new species of Leandra from Espiacuterito Santo Brazil Brittonia 63 220ndash226Candolle AP de (1828) Myrtaceae In Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni Vegetabilis 3 263

httpdxdoiorg105962bhltitle286Fiaschi P amp Pirani JR (2005) Four new species of Schefflera (Araliaceae) from Espiacuterito Santo State Brazil Kew Bulletin 60

77ndash85Fraga CN amp Saavedra MM (2006) Three new species of Elvasia (Ochnaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with an

emended key for subgenus Hostmannia Novon 16 483ndash489 httpdxdoiorg1034171055-3177(2006)16[483tnsoeo]20co2

Giaretta A Menezes LFT amp Pereira OJ (2013) Structure and floristic pattern of coastal dunes in southeastern Brazil Acta

Botanica Brasilica 27(1) 87ndash107

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 119TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 1 Eugenia amorimii Fraga amp Giaretta a Holotype b Details of fruits from the paratype deposited at RB (scalemdash10 mm)

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 115TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 2 Vegetation physiognomy of the type-locality and morphology of Eugenia amorimii (andashf) and Eugenia sobraliana (gndashk)

a General view of the Atlantic forest and of the artificial lake at the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve Cariacica Espiacuterito Santo Brazil

b Understory of the Atlantic rain forest at the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve c Fruiting branch with leaves d Node with leaves

inflorescence pedicels and fruit e Fruit lateral view f Fruit front view g Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante

Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo Brazil h Inselbergs covered by rupiculous vegetation (foreground left and background) and dry

seasonal forests (foreground right) i Flowering branch with detail of the adaxial leaf side j Detail of the inflorescence and flower

lateral view k Flower front view (cndashg from Amorim 7348 hndashk from Fraga 2502 all photos by CN Fraga)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA116 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga sp nov (Figs 2 4)

This specie is related to Eugenia sessilifolia but differs from it by its ovate leaves fasciculiform inflorescence with 2ndash4 flowers and pedicels exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis

TypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Serra de Baixo Mata do Fuxico Floresta Estacional Semidecidual elev 360 m 14 Apr 2009 (fl) CN Fraga RC Forzza AM Amorim amp L

Daneu 2502 (Holotype RB isotypes BHCB CEPEC MBML UPCB)

Tree 3ndash4 m Branchlets terete glabrous longitudinally striate irregularly exfoliating grey with young tissue reddish below Leaves sessile or subsessile glabrous petioles when present to 1ndash2 times 25 mm blades ovate rarely oblong glabrous 54ndash14 times 32ndash62 cm discolorous when dry lighter abaxially glandular dots 01 mm diameter 5ndash9 per square millimeter darker abaxially apex acute to acuminate base cordate or subcordate midvein sulcate or biconvex adaxially prominent abaxially secondary veins 14ndash18 slightly salient abaxially and mostly visible marginal veins two the internal one 25ndash55 mm the external one 05ndash15 mm from the margin the margin occasionally slightly revolute Inflorescences fasciculiform axillary the axes 1ndash2 times 12 mm with 2ndash4 flowers basal bracts ovate with simple brown trichomes 1ndash15 times 08 mm persisting after anthesis pedicels 12ndash28 times 05 mm in flower bud glabrous with a discrete rupture below the bracteoles when in flower bud exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis bracteoles ovate with sparse simple brown trichomes 06ndash15 times 1ndash12 mm not connate persisting after anthesis flower buds pyriform 55ndash7 times 5ndash65 mm glabrous calyx lobes four glabrous concave unequal the external ones 35ndash4 times 5ndash55 mm hemispherical the internal 45ndash55 times 5 mm hemispherical or oblong petals four white rounded concave glabrous margins with cilia 02ndash03 mm 8ndash9 times 7ndash9 mm stamens about 180 to 14 mm anthers 1ndash13 times 05ndash07 mm eglandular stamen disk 5ndash6 mm in diameter with simple grey trichomes 01 mm style to 85 mm glabrous stigma punctiform ovary with two locules and 10ndash12 ovules per locule Fruit not seen

PhenologymdashFlowers were collected in April and JulyEtymologymdashThe specific epithet pays homage to Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral whose botanical studies

have made valuable contributions to our knowledge of Brazilian biodiversity especially to that of the Myrtaceae

FIGURE 3 Distribution of Eugenia amorimii (black squares) and Eugenia sobraliana (black dots) with detail of a satellite image of the habitat Espiacuterito Santo Brazil

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 117TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 4 Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga a Holotype b Details of the inflorescence from the isotype deposited at RB c Details of flowers from the paratype deposited at RB (scalemdash10 mm)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA118 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Distribution and habitatmdashEugenia sobraliana is known so far from only two collections in the Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante in the municipality of Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo (Fig 3) and is seemingly restricted to inselbergs covered in dry seasonal forests at elevations of c 150 to 360 m elev The region is characterized by granitic and gneissic inselbergs that are frequently dome-shaped and rise more or less abruptly above the surrounding landscape and delimited by the border of the tropical semideciduous forest The inselbergs of southeastern Brazil have been recognized as one of the three top hotspots of the inselberg plant diversity by their species richness and the high level of endemism (Porembski 2007) Several endemic species of other plant families have been recently described for these dry seasonal forest remnants (Versieux amp Wanderley 2010 Leme et al 2010 Goldenberg et al 2012)

ConservationmdashThis species is endemic to just one locality with populations of few and scattered individuals

in an area of less than 20 km2 It is thus prone to the effects of stochastic events and its continued existence cant be assured Although this locality lies in a protected area it has open boundaries with livestock farms and their frequently undisciplined use of natural resources We therefore include this species under the category VU D2 of the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013) of endangered plant species

ParatypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Trilha Principal na Mata da Fazenda Santa Rita Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Elev 154 m 16 Jul 2008 (fl) AM

Amorim et al 7522 (BHCB CEPEC MBML RB UPCB)AffinitiesmdashEugenia sobraliana is close to Eugenia sessilifolia de Candolle (1828 263) from which it differs

by the morphological characters presented in the following key

1 Leaves elliptic base truncate or subcordate inflorescence terminal on an auxotelic axis producing vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis flowers 2ndash6 pedicels not exfoliating Eugenia sessilifolia

1rsquo Leaves ovate base cordate to subcordate inflorescence axillary fasciculiform with 2ndash4 flowers pedicels exfoliating after anthesis Eugenia sobraliana

Acknowledgments

We thank Andreacute M Amorim Andreacute Paviotti Fontana Ludovic Kollmann Paulo Labiak Rafaela C Forzza and Renato Goldenberg for their company and help during the fieldwork The first author was supported by a grant from the Coordenaccedilatildeo de Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) the second author by a grant from the project ldquoDiversidade da flora vascular e status de conservaccedilatildeo das espeacutecies endecircmicas em trecircs Unidades de Conservaccedilatildeo de floresta atlacircntica montana no Estado do Espiacuterito Santordquo sponsored by the Fundaccedilatildeo O Boticaacuterio de Proteccedilatildeo agrave Natureza (Proc 0756-20072) We also express our gratitude to the Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente ndash IEMA (Espiacuterito Santo) for the support and permission to collect in the ldquoReserva Bioloacutegica de Duas Bocasrdquo and ldquoAacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefanterdquo and Alex Popovkin for the English language review and suggestions for this manuscript

References

Alves MV Thomas WW amp Wanderley MGL (2002) New species of Hypolytrum Rich (Cyperaceae) from the Neotropics Brittonia 54 124ndash135 httpdxdoiorg1016630007-196x(2002)054[0124nsohrc]20co2

Berg OC (1857ndash1859) Myrtaceae In Martius KFP von (org) Flora Brasiliensis 14(1) 1ndash656Camargo EA amp Goldenberg R (2011) Two new species of Leandra from Espiacuterito Santo Brazil Brittonia 63 220ndash226Candolle AP de (1828) Myrtaceae In Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni Vegetabilis 3 263

httpdxdoiorg105962bhltitle286Fiaschi P amp Pirani JR (2005) Four new species of Schefflera (Araliaceae) from Espiacuterito Santo State Brazil Kew Bulletin 60

77ndash85Fraga CN amp Saavedra MM (2006) Three new species of Elvasia (Ochnaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with an

emended key for subgenus Hostmannia Novon 16 483ndash489 httpdxdoiorg1034171055-3177(2006)16[483tnsoeo]20co2

Giaretta A Menezes LFT amp Pereira OJ (2013) Structure and floristic pattern of coastal dunes in southeastern Brazil Acta

Botanica Brasilica 27(1) 87ndash107

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 119TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 2 Vegetation physiognomy of the type-locality and morphology of Eugenia amorimii (andashf) and Eugenia sobraliana (gndashk)

a General view of the Atlantic forest and of the artificial lake at the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve Cariacica Espiacuterito Santo Brazil

b Understory of the Atlantic rain forest at the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve c Fruiting branch with leaves d Node with leaves

inflorescence pedicels and fruit e Fruit lateral view f Fruit front view g Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante

Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo Brazil h Inselbergs covered by rupiculous vegetation (foreground left and background) and dry

seasonal forests (foreground right) i Flowering branch with detail of the adaxial leaf side j Detail of the inflorescence and flower

lateral view k Flower front view (cndashg from Amorim 7348 hndashk from Fraga 2502 all photos by CN Fraga)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA116 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga sp nov (Figs 2 4)

This specie is related to Eugenia sessilifolia but differs from it by its ovate leaves fasciculiform inflorescence with 2ndash4 flowers and pedicels exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis

TypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Serra de Baixo Mata do Fuxico Floresta Estacional Semidecidual elev 360 m 14 Apr 2009 (fl) CN Fraga RC Forzza AM Amorim amp L

Daneu 2502 (Holotype RB isotypes BHCB CEPEC MBML UPCB)

Tree 3ndash4 m Branchlets terete glabrous longitudinally striate irregularly exfoliating grey with young tissue reddish below Leaves sessile or subsessile glabrous petioles when present to 1ndash2 times 25 mm blades ovate rarely oblong glabrous 54ndash14 times 32ndash62 cm discolorous when dry lighter abaxially glandular dots 01 mm diameter 5ndash9 per square millimeter darker abaxially apex acute to acuminate base cordate or subcordate midvein sulcate or biconvex adaxially prominent abaxially secondary veins 14ndash18 slightly salient abaxially and mostly visible marginal veins two the internal one 25ndash55 mm the external one 05ndash15 mm from the margin the margin occasionally slightly revolute Inflorescences fasciculiform axillary the axes 1ndash2 times 12 mm with 2ndash4 flowers basal bracts ovate with simple brown trichomes 1ndash15 times 08 mm persisting after anthesis pedicels 12ndash28 times 05 mm in flower bud glabrous with a discrete rupture below the bracteoles when in flower bud exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis bracteoles ovate with sparse simple brown trichomes 06ndash15 times 1ndash12 mm not connate persisting after anthesis flower buds pyriform 55ndash7 times 5ndash65 mm glabrous calyx lobes four glabrous concave unequal the external ones 35ndash4 times 5ndash55 mm hemispherical the internal 45ndash55 times 5 mm hemispherical or oblong petals four white rounded concave glabrous margins with cilia 02ndash03 mm 8ndash9 times 7ndash9 mm stamens about 180 to 14 mm anthers 1ndash13 times 05ndash07 mm eglandular stamen disk 5ndash6 mm in diameter with simple grey trichomes 01 mm style to 85 mm glabrous stigma punctiform ovary with two locules and 10ndash12 ovules per locule Fruit not seen

PhenologymdashFlowers were collected in April and JulyEtymologymdashThe specific epithet pays homage to Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral whose botanical studies

have made valuable contributions to our knowledge of Brazilian biodiversity especially to that of the Myrtaceae

FIGURE 3 Distribution of Eugenia amorimii (black squares) and Eugenia sobraliana (black dots) with detail of a satellite image of the habitat Espiacuterito Santo Brazil

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 117TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 4 Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga a Holotype b Details of the inflorescence from the isotype deposited at RB c Details of flowers from the paratype deposited at RB (scalemdash10 mm)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA118 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Distribution and habitatmdashEugenia sobraliana is known so far from only two collections in the Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante in the municipality of Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo (Fig 3) and is seemingly restricted to inselbergs covered in dry seasonal forests at elevations of c 150 to 360 m elev The region is characterized by granitic and gneissic inselbergs that are frequently dome-shaped and rise more or less abruptly above the surrounding landscape and delimited by the border of the tropical semideciduous forest The inselbergs of southeastern Brazil have been recognized as one of the three top hotspots of the inselberg plant diversity by their species richness and the high level of endemism (Porembski 2007) Several endemic species of other plant families have been recently described for these dry seasonal forest remnants (Versieux amp Wanderley 2010 Leme et al 2010 Goldenberg et al 2012)

ConservationmdashThis species is endemic to just one locality with populations of few and scattered individuals

in an area of less than 20 km2 It is thus prone to the effects of stochastic events and its continued existence cant be assured Although this locality lies in a protected area it has open boundaries with livestock farms and their frequently undisciplined use of natural resources We therefore include this species under the category VU D2 of the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013) of endangered plant species

ParatypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Trilha Principal na Mata da Fazenda Santa Rita Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Elev 154 m 16 Jul 2008 (fl) AM

Amorim et al 7522 (BHCB CEPEC MBML RB UPCB)AffinitiesmdashEugenia sobraliana is close to Eugenia sessilifolia de Candolle (1828 263) from which it differs

by the morphological characters presented in the following key

1 Leaves elliptic base truncate or subcordate inflorescence terminal on an auxotelic axis producing vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis flowers 2ndash6 pedicels not exfoliating Eugenia sessilifolia

1rsquo Leaves ovate base cordate to subcordate inflorescence axillary fasciculiform with 2ndash4 flowers pedicels exfoliating after anthesis Eugenia sobraliana

Acknowledgments

We thank Andreacute M Amorim Andreacute Paviotti Fontana Ludovic Kollmann Paulo Labiak Rafaela C Forzza and Renato Goldenberg for their company and help during the fieldwork The first author was supported by a grant from the Coordenaccedilatildeo de Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) the second author by a grant from the project ldquoDiversidade da flora vascular e status de conservaccedilatildeo das espeacutecies endecircmicas em trecircs Unidades de Conservaccedilatildeo de floresta atlacircntica montana no Estado do Espiacuterito Santordquo sponsored by the Fundaccedilatildeo O Boticaacuterio de Proteccedilatildeo agrave Natureza (Proc 0756-20072) We also express our gratitude to the Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente ndash IEMA (Espiacuterito Santo) for the support and permission to collect in the ldquoReserva Bioloacutegica de Duas Bocasrdquo and ldquoAacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefanterdquo and Alex Popovkin for the English language review and suggestions for this manuscript

References

Alves MV Thomas WW amp Wanderley MGL (2002) New species of Hypolytrum Rich (Cyperaceae) from the Neotropics Brittonia 54 124ndash135 httpdxdoiorg1016630007-196x(2002)054[0124nsohrc]20co2

Berg OC (1857ndash1859) Myrtaceae In Martius KFP von (org) Flora Brasiliensis 14(1) 1ndash656Camargo EA amp Goldenberg R (2011) Two new species of Leandra from Espiacuterito Santo Brazil Brittonia 63 220ndash226Candolle AP de (1828) Myrtaceae In Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni Vegetabilis 3 263

httpdxdoiorg105962bhltitle286Fiaschi P amp Pirani JR (2005) Four new species of Schefflera (Araliaceae) from Espiacuterito Santo State Brazil Kew Bulletin 60

77ndash85Fraga CN amp Saavedra MM (2006) Three new species of Elvasia (Ochnaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with an

emended key for subgenus Hostmannia Novon 16 483ndash489 httpdxdoiorg1034171055-3177(2006)16[483tnsoeo]20co2

Giaretta A Menezes LFT amp Pereira OJ (2013) Structure and floristic pattern of coastal dunes in southeastern Brazil Acta

Botanica Brasilica 27(1) 87ndash107

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 119TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga sp nov (Figs 2 4)

This specie is related to Eugenia sessilifolia but differs from it by its ovate leaves fasciculiform inflorescence with 2ndash4 flowers and pedicels exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis

TypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Serra de Baixo Mata do Fuxico Floresta Estacional Semidecidual elev 360 m 14 Apr 2009 (fl) CN Fraga RC Forzza AM Amorim amp L

Daneu 2502 (Holotype RB isotypes BHCB CEPEC MBML UPCB)

Tree 3ndash4 m Branchlets terete glabrous longitudinally striate irregularly exfoliating grey with young tissue reddish below Leaves sessile or subsessile glabrous petioles when present to 1ndash2 times 25 mm blades ovate rarely oblong glabrous 54ndash14 times 32ndash62 cm discolorous when dry lighter abaxially glandular dots 01 mm diameter 5ndash9 per square millimeter darker abaxially apex acute to acuminate base cordate or subcordate midvein sulcate or biconvex adaxially prominent abaxially secondary veins 14ndash18 slightly salient abaxially and mostly visible marginal veins two the internal one 25ndash55 mm the external one 05ndash15 mm from the margin the margin occasionally slightly revolute Inflorescences fasciculiform axillary the axes 1ndash2 times 12 mm with 2ndash4 flowers basal bracts ovate with simple brown trichomes 1ndash15 times 08 mm persisting after anthesis pedicels 12ndash28 times 05 mm in flower bud glabrous with a discrete rupture below the bracteoles when in flower bud exfoliating longitudinally after anthesis bracteoles ovate with sparse simple brown trichomes 06ndash15 times 1ndash12 mm not connate persisting after anthesis flower buds pyriform 55ndash7 times 5ndash65 mm glabrous calyx lobes four glabrous concave unequal the external ones 35ndash4 times 5ndash55 mm hemispherical the internal 45ndash55 times 5 mm hemispherical or oblong petals four white rounded concave glabrous margins with cilia 02ndash03 mm 8ndash9 times 7ndash9 mm stamens about 180 to 14 mm anthers 1ndash13 times 05ndash07 mm eglandular stamen disk 5ndash6 mm in diameter with simple grey trichomes 01 mm style to 85 mm glabrous stigma punctiform ovary with two locules and 10ndash12 ovules per locule Fruit not seen

PhenologymdashFlowers were collected in April and JulyEtymologymdashThe specific epithet pays homage to Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral whose botanical studies

have made valuable contributions to our knowledge of Brazilian biodiversity especially to that of the Myrtaceae

FIGURE 3 Distribution of Eugenia amorimii (black squares) and Eugenia sobraliana (black dots) with detail of a satellite image of the habitat Espiacuterito Santo Brazil

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 117TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 4 Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga a Holotype b Details of the inflorescence from the isotype deposited at RB c Details of flowers from the paratype deposited at RB (scalemdash10 mm)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA118 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Distribution and habitatmdashEugenia sobraliana is known so far from only two collections in the Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante in the municipality of Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo (Fig 3) and is seemingly restricted to inselbergs covered in dry seasonal forests at elevations of c 150 to 360 m elev The region is characterized by granitic and gneissic inselbergs that are frequently dome-shaped and rise more or less abruptly above the surrounding landscape and delimited by the border of the tropical semideciduous forest The inselbergs of southeastern Brazil have been recognized as one of the three top hotspots of the inselberg plant diversity by their species richness and the high level of endemism (Porembski 2007) Several endemic species of other plant families have been recently described for these dry seasonal forest remnants (Versieux amp Wanderley 2010 Leme et al 2010 Goldenberg et al 2012)

ConservationmdashThis species is endemic to just one locality with populations of few and scattered individuals

in an area of less than 20 km2 It is thus prone to the effects of stochastic events and its continued existence cant be assured Although this locality lies in a protected area it has open boundaries with livestock farms and their frequently undisciplined use of natural resources We therefore include this species under the category VU D2 of the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013) of endangered plant species

ParatypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Trilha Principal na Mata da Fazenda Santa Rita Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Elev 154 m 16 Jul 2008 (fl) AM

Amorim et al 7522 (BHCB CEPEC MBML RB UPCB)AffinitiesmdashEugenia sobraliana is close to Eugenia sessilifolia de Candolle (1828 263) from which it differs

by the morphological characters presented in the following key

1 Leaves elliptic base truncate or subcordate inflorescence terminal on an auxotelic axis producing vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis flowers 2ndash6 pedicels not exfoliating Eugenia sessilifolia

1rsquo Leaves ovate base cordate to subcordate inflorescence axillary fasciculiform with 2ndash4 flowers pedicels exfoliating after anthesis Eugenia sobraliana

Acknowledgments

We thank Andreacute M Amorim Andreacute Paviotti Fontana Ludovic Kollmann Paulo Labiak Rafaela C Forzza and Renato Goldenberg for their company and help during the fieldwork The first author was supported by a grant from the Coordenaccedilatildeo de Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) the second author by a grant from the project ldquoDiversidade da flora vascular e status de conservaccedilatildeo das espeacutecies endecircmicas em trecircs Unidades de Conservaccedilatildeo de floresta atlacircntica montana no Estado do Espiacuterito Santordquo sponsored by the Fundaccedilatildeo O Boticaacuterio de Proteccedilatildeo agrave Natureza (Proc 0756-20072) We also express our gratitude to the Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente ndash IEMA (Espiacuterito Santo) for the support and permission to collect in the ldquoReserva Bioloacutegica de Duas Bocasrdquo and ldquoAacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefanterdquo and Alex Popovkin for the English language review and suggestions for this manuscript

References

Alves MV Thomas WW amp Wanderley MGL (2002) New species of Hypolytrum Rich (Cyperaceae) from the Neotropics Brittonia 54 124ndash135 httpdxdoiorg1016630007-196x(2002)054[0124nsohrc]20co2

Berg OC (1857ndash1859) Myrtaceae In Martius KFP von (org) Flora Brasiliensis 14(1) 1ndash656Camargo EA amp Goldenberg R (2011) Two new species of Leandra from Espiacuterito Santo Brazil Brittonia 63 220ndash226Candolle AP de (1828) Myrtaceae In Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni Vegetabilis 3 263

httpdxdoiorg105962bhltitle286Fiaschi P amp Pirani JR (2005) Four new species of Schefflera (Araliaceae) from Espiacuterito Santo State Brazil Kew Bulletin 60

77ndash85Fraga CN amp Saavedra MM (2006) Three new species of Elvasia (Ochnaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with an

emended key for subgenus Hostmannia Novon 16 483ndash489 httpdxdoiorg1034171055-3177(2006)16[483tnsoeo]20co2

Giaretta A Menezes LFT amp Pereira OJ (2013) Structure and floristic pattern of coastal dunes in southeastern Brazil Acta

Botanica Brasilica 27(1) 87ndash107

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 119TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

FIGURE 4 Eugenia sobraliana Giaretta amp Fraga a Holotype b Details of the inflorescence from the isotype deposited at RB c Details of flowers from the paratype deposited at RB (scalemdash10 mm)

GIARETTA amp FRAGA118 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press

Distribution and habitatmdashEugenia sobraliana is known so far from only two collections in the Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante in the municipality of Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo (Fig 3) and is seemingly restricted to inselbergs covered in dry seasonal forests at elevations of c 150 to 360 m elev The region is characterized by granitic and gneissic inselbergs that are frequently dome-shaped and rise more or less abruptly above the surrounding landscape and delimited by the border of the tropical semideciduous forest The inselbergs of southeastern Brazil have been recognized as one of the three top hotspots of the inselberg plant diversity by their species richness and the high level of endemism (Porembski 2007) Several endemic species of other plant families have been recently described for these dry seasonal forest remnants (Versieux amp Wanderley 2010 Leme et al 2010 Goldenberg et al 2012)

ConservationmdashThis species is endemic to just one locality with populations of few and scattered individuals

in an area of less than 20 km2 It is thus prone to the effects of stochastic events and its continued existence cant be assured Although this locality lies in a protected area it has open boundaries with livestock farms and their frequently undisciplined use of natural resources We therefore include this species under the category VU D2 of the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013) of endangered plant species

ParatypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Trilha Principal na Mata da Fazenda Santa Rita Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Elev 154 m 16 Jul 2008 (fl) AM

Amorim et al 7522 (BHCB CEPEC MBML RB UPCB)AffinitiesmdashEugenia sobraliana is close to Eugenia sessilifolia de Candolle (1828 263) from which it differs

by the morphological characters presented in the following key

1 Leaves elliptic base truncate or subcordate inflorescence terminal on an auxotelic axis producing vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis flowers 2ndash6 pedicels not exfoliating Eugenia sessilifolia

1rsquo Leaves ovate base cordate to subcordate inflorescence axillary fasciculiform with 2ndash4 flowers pedicels exfoliating after anthesis Eugenia sobraliana

Acknowledgments

We thank Andreacute M Amorim Andreacute Paviotti Fontana Ludovic Kollmann Paulo Labiak Rafaela C Forzza and Renato Goldenberg for their company and help during the fieldwork The first author was supported by a grant from the Coordenaccedilatildeo de Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) the second author by a grant from the project ldquoDiversidade da flora vascular e status de conservaccedilatildeo das espeacutecies endecircmicas em trecircs Unidades de Conservaccedilatildeo de floresta atlacircntica montana no Estado do Espiacuterito Santordquo sponsored by the Fundaccedilatildeo O Boticaacuterio de Proteccedilatildeo agrave Natureza (Proc 0756-20072) We also express our gratitude to the Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente ndash IEMA (Espiacuterito Santo) for the support and permission to collect in the ldquoReserva Bioloacutegica de Duas Bocasrdquo and ldquoAacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefanterdquo and Alex Popovkin for the English language review and suggestions for this manuscript

References

Alves MV Thomas WW amp Wanderley MGL (2002) New species of Hypolytrum Rich (Cyperaceae) from the Neotropics Brittonia 54 124ndash135 httpdxdoiorg1016630007-196x(2002)054[0124nsohrc]20co2

Berg OC (1857ndash1859) Myrtaceae In Martius KFP von (org) Flora Brasiliensis 14(1) 1ndash656Camargo EA amp Goldenberg R (2011) Two new species of Leandra from Espiacuterito Santo Brazil Brittonia 63 220ndash226Candolle AP de (1828) Myrtaceae In Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni Vegetabilis 3 263

httpdxdoiorg105962bhltitle286Fiaschi P amp Pirani JR (2005) Four new species of Schefflera (Araliaceae) from Espiacuterito Santo State Brazil Kew Bulletin 60

77ndash85Fraga CN amp Saavedra MM (2006) Three new species of Elvasia (Ochnaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with an

emended key for subgenus Hostmannia Novon 16 483ndash489 httpdxdoiorg1034171055-3177(2006)16[483tnsoeo]20co2

Giaretta A Menezes LFT amp Pereira OJ (2013) Structure and floristic pattern of coastal dunes in southeastern Brazil Acta

Botanica Brasilica 27(1) 87ndash107

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 119TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

Distribution and habitatmdashEugenia sobraliana is known so far from only two collections in the Environmental Protection Area of Pedra do Elefante in the municipality of Nova Veneacutecia Espiacuterito Santo (Fig 3) and is seemingly restricted to inselbergs covered in dry seasonal forests at elevations of c 150 to 360 m elev The region is characterized by granitic and gneissic inselbergs that are frequently dome-shaped and rise more or less abruptly above the surrounding landscape and delimited by the border of the tropical semideciduous forest The inselbergs of southeastern Brazil have been recognized as one of the three top hotspots of the inselberg plant diversity by their species richness and the high level of endemism (Porembski 2007) Several endemic species of other plant families have been recently described for these dry seasonal forest remnants (Versieux amp Wanderley 2010 Leme et al 2010 Goldenberg et al 2012)

ConservationmdashThis species is endemic to just one locality with populations of few and scattered individuals

in an area of less than 20 km2 It is thus prone to the effects of stochastic events and its continued existence cant be assured Although this locality lies in a protected area it has open boundaries with livestock farms and their frequently undisciplined use of natural resources We therefore include this species under the category VU D2 of the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2013) of endangered plant species

ParatypemdashBRAZIL Espiacuterito Santo Nova Veneacutecia Aacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante Trilha Principal na Mata da Fazenda Santa Rita Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Elev 154 m 16 Jul 2008 (fl) AM

Amorim et al 7522 (BHCB CEPEC MBML RB UPCB)AffinitiesmdashEugenia sobraliana is close to Eugenia sessilifolia de Candolle (1828 263) from which it differs

by the morphological characters presented in the following key

1 Leaves elliptic base truncate or subcordate inflorescence terminal on an auxotelic axis producing vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis flowers 2ndash6 pedicels not exfoliating Eugenia sessilifolia

1rsquo Leaves ovate base cordate to subcordate inflorescence axillary fasciculiform with 2ndash4 flowers pedicels exfoliating after anthesis Eugenia sobraliana

Acknowledgments

We thank Andreacute M Amorim Andreacute Paviotti Fontana Ludovic Kollmann Paulo Labiak Rafaela C Forzza and Renato Goldenberg for their company and help during the fieldwork The first author was supported by a grant from the Coordenaccedilatildeo de Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) the second author by a grant from the project ldquoDiversidade da flora vascular e status de conservaccedilatildeo das espeacutecies endecircmicas em trecircs Unidades de Conservaccedilatildeo de floresta atlacircntica montana no Estado do Espiacuterito Santordquo sponsored by the Fundaccedilatildeo O Boticaacuterio de Proteccedilatildeo agrave Natureza (Proc 0756-20072) We also express our gratitude to the Instituto Estadual de Meio Ambiente ndash IEMA (Espiacuterito Santo) for the support and permission to collect in the ldquoReserva Bioloacutegica de Duas Bocasrdquo and ldquoAacuterea de Proteccedilatildeo Ambiental da Pedra do Elefanterdquo and Alex Popovkin for the English language review and suggestions for this manuscript

References

Alves MV Thomas WW amp Wanderley MGL (2002) New species of Hypolytrum Rich (Cyperaceae) from the Neotropics Brittonia 54 124ndash135 httpdxdoiorg1016630007-196x(2002)054[0124nsohrc]20co2

Berg OC (1857ndash1859) Myrtaceae In Martius KFP von (org) Flora Brasiliensis 14(1) 1ndash656Camargo EA amp Goldenberg R (2011) Two new species of Leandra from Espiacuterito Santo Brazil Brittonia 63 220ndash226Candolle AP de (1828) Myrtaceae In Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni Vegetabilis 3 263

httpdxdoiorg105962bhltitle286Fiaschi P amp Pirani JR (2005) Four new species of Schefflera (Araliaceae) from Espiacuterito Santo State Brazil Kew Bulletin 60

77ndash85Fraga CN amp Saavedra MM (2006) Three new species of Elvasia (Ochnaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with an

emended key for subgenus Hostmannia Novon 16 483ndash489 httpdxdoiorg1034171055-3177(2006)16[483tnsoeo]20co2

Giaretta A Menezes LFT amp Pereira OJ (2013) Structure and floristic pattern of coastal dunes in southeastern Brazil Acta

Botanica Brasilica 27(1) 87ndash107

Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press bull 119TWO NEW EUGENIA SPECIES (MYRTACEAE) FROM BRAZIL

httpdxdoiorg101590s0102-33062013000100011Goldenberg R Fraga CN Fontana AP Nicolas AN amp Michelangeli FA (2012)

Taxonomy and phylogeny of Merianthera (Melastomataceae) Taxon 61(5) 1040ndash1056 IUCN (2013) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria Version 101 Prepared by the Standards and

Petitions Subcommittee Available from httpwwwiucnredlistorgdocumentsRedListGuidelinespdf (accessed 9 February 2014)

Jesus RM amp Rolim SG (2005) Fitossociologia da Mata Atlacircntica de Tabuleiro Boletim Teacutecnico da Sociedade de

Investigaccedilotildees Florestais 19 1ndash149Kollmann LJC amp Peixoto AL (2012) Begonia fragae L Kollmann amp Peixoto and Begonia wasshauseniana L Kollmann amp

Peixoto (Begoniaceae) two new species from the state of Espiacuterito Santo Brazil Candollea 67 59ndash64Landrum LR amp Kawasaki ML (1997) The genera of Myrtaceae in Brazil ndash an illustrated synoptic treatment and

identification keys Brittonia 49 508ndash536 httpdxdoiorg1023072807742

Lani JL Resende M Rezende SB amp Feitoza LR (2008) Atlas de Ecossistemas do Espiacuterito Santo SEMA Editora GSA Viccedilosa 504 pp

Legrand CD (1961) Mirtaceas del estado de Santa Catarina (Brasil) Sellowia 13 309Leme EMC Fraga CN Kollmann LJC Brown GK Till W Ribeiro OBC Machado MC Monteiro FJS amp

Fontana AP (2010) Miscellaneous new species in the Brazilian Bromeliaceae Rodrigueacutesia 61(1) 21ndash67Linneacute Carl von (1753) Myrtaceae In Species Plantarum (1) 470Porembski S (2007) Tropical inselbergs habitat types adaptive strategies and diversity patterns Brazilian Journal of Botany

30 579ndash586 httpdxdoiorg101590s0100-84042007000400004

Saiter FZ Guilherme FAG Thomaz LD amp Wendt T (2011) Tree changes in a mature rainforest with high diversity and endemism on the Brazilian coast Biodiversity and Conservation 20 1921ndash1949 httpdxdoiorg101007s10531-011-0067-3

Sobral M Proenccedila C Souza M Mazine F amp Lucas E (2013) Myrtaceae In Lista de Espeacutecies da Flora do Brasil Jardim Botacircnico do Rio de Janeiro Available from httpfloradobrasiljbrjgovbrjabotfloradobrasilFB171 (accessed 17 March 2013)

Sousa GM (2004) Revisatildeo taxonocircmica de Aechmea Ruiz amp Pav subg Chevaliera (Gaudich ex Beer) Baker Bromelioideae-

Bromeliaceae PhD thesis Instituto de Biociecircncias da Universidade de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 179 ppVersieux LM amp Wanderley MGL (2010) Delimitation of the Alcantarea extensa complex (Bromeliaceae) and a new species

from Espiacuterito Santo Brazil Rodrigueacutesia 61(3) 421ndash429Wilson PG OrsquoBrien MM Gadek PA amp Quinn CJ (2001) Myrtaceae revisited a reassessment of infrafamilial groups

American Journal of Botany 88 2013ndash2025 httpdxdoiorg1023073558428

GIARETTA amp FRAGA120 bull Phytotaxa 163 (2) copy 2014 Magnolia Press