EDITORIAL STAFFE . L . S h a n e r E ditor-in -C hief

E. C. K r e u t z b e r g Editor

Wm. M. R o o n e y I r w i n H . S u c hNews Editor Engineering E ditorJ. D . K n o x G u y H u b b a r d

Sfeel Plant Editor M achine Tool EditorD o n S . C a d o t

Art Editor

ASSOCIATE EDITORSG. H. M a n l o v e , W . J. C a m p b e l l

I. W. B i r d s a l l , F . R. B r i g g s , D . B . W i l k i n V a n c e B e l l

Neto York: B . K . P r i c e , L. E . B r o w n e Pittsburgh: J . C. S u l l i v a n

■hicago: E. F. Ross D etroit: A. H . A l l e n 'Washington: L . M . L a m m

London: V i n c e n t D e l p o r t

ASSISTANT EDITORSA. J. F i x g u l i n , D o l o r e s K. B l a h a ,

L u c i l l e B e l l , V i r g i n i a B . H a r m s

EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENTSR. W . K i n c e y

Binningham, Ala. George R . R e i s s Youngstown, O. Mac H u t c h e n s St. Louis, Mo.

L. C. F e l d m a n n Buffalo, N . Y.

S a m u e l S . C a r r Cincinnati, O.F . S . T o b i n Toronto , O nt.

M a u r i c e B e a m 4453 Bel Aire D rive, L a C anada,

Los Angeles, Calif.R o b e r t B o t t o r f f

415 Bush St., San Francisco, Calif.R . C. H i l l

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BUSINESS STAFFG. O. H a y s

Business Manager R. C. J a e n k e C. H . B a i l e y

advertising M anager Advertising Service'iwYort, E. W . K h e u t z d e u g , K. A. Z o l l n e u

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RESEARCH and PROM OTIO NJ . W . Z u b e r , M anager

B- L. H a r t f o r d , Assistant M anager H e l e n M e t z n e r , Circulation

PRODUCTION DEPARTMENTA. V. A n d e r s o n , M anager

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vopynght 1945 by the P en ton Publishing Co.

/

The M a g a z i n e o f M e t a l w o r k i n g a nd M e t a l p r oduc i ng

VOL 117. No. 3 July 16. 1945

NEWSRedeployment of Military Personnel and Materials To Tax Transport . .Sheet and Strip Steel Supply Threatens Reconversion Bottleneck .........First Half Steel Ingot Production Lowest since 1942 .................................Big Metalworking Equipment Demand in P ro sp e c t...................................Cutbacks Easing Manpower Supply; Displaced Men Being Reabsorbed . Safety Drive Launched To Cut Accident Rate in Structural Steel Field . Munitions Production Averages Over $5 Billion Monthly since mid-1943Steel Plant Disposal Reports Viewed Favorably in the W e s t .................Washington Steel Corp. To Produce Stainless Flat-Rolled S te e l .............

838687889091 97

1051 1 0

TECHNICALNew Developments in Speed Drilling, Reaming, T a p p in g ............................ 113

Centrifugally powered semiautomatic units set hole production recordHardenability Band Data Set Up for 35 More S te e ls ..................................... 116

Additions made to list of “II” steels by SAE and A1SIImproved Techniques for Hardening High-Speed Steel ............................... 122

Effect of prior treatment on results of subzero process studiedTesting Welded Structures by the Tce-Bcnd T e s t ............................................ 124

Toes of fillet welds examined under severe concentrations of stressPortable Conveyor Provides Easier Handling of Air C a rg o .......................... 128

Light weight and new “angle” on tubular construction featuredSafe Handling of Organic Solvents Controls Inherent D a n g e rs .................... 130

Spray-booth, degreaser operation requires thorough understandingWest Coast Steel Mill Features Modern Rod Mill Layout 134

Latest equipment and controls employed for efficient handling

FEATURESAs the Editor Views the News . . 79 Men of Industry ...................... . . 102Present, Past and P en d in g ......... . 85 O b itua ries ................................... . . 104Transition Topics ...................... . 91 Wing Tips ................................. . . 106Windows of W ashington............. 92 Industrial Equipment ............. . . 138WPB-OPA O rd e rs ......................... 96 The Business T re n d ................. . . 188Mirrors of Motordom ................. . 99 Construction and Enterprise . . . . 20S

-----------------------MARKETS----------------------WPB Seeks Cure for Tight Sheet, Strip S itu a tio n .......................................... 191Market Prices and Composites ...................................................................... 192

Index to advertisers ................................................................................................ 222

N E X T W E E K . . .Contour Milling of Vessel Propellers How Landis Tool Co, Finishes Machines Agitation of Quench a Factor in Effective Heat TreatinmBritish Test Carbon Brick as Furnace Hearth Lining Designing for Production by Die Casting Resistance Welding with Storage Battery Power

W e l c o Collector Rings are made in all sizes to carry

currents of 5 to 200 amperes. Two to twelve rings can be furnished on one stub

complete with brush holders, brushes, studs for supporting the brush holders and

stud rings. The collector rings can be assembled as a unit on one hollow tube with

threads on one end and insulation bushing on the opposite end. All collector rings

are made of hard bronze material. The brush holders carrying the current are

made of brass. Bakelite insulation is used. W rite for complete details.

T H E B. A. W E S C H E E L E C T R I C C O M PDept. SS, 1628-8 Vine St., Cincinnati 10, Ohio

AS T H E E D I T O R V I E W S T H E N E W S

# “¥ i i aJuly 16, 1945

Antidote for FearA nybody w ho has read recen t issues of some new spapers p u t ou t by C IO and

A FL unions for the ir m em bers m ust be alarm ed a t the abundance of bear stories on the sta te of em ploym ent afte r V-J D ay. M any of the editors of union journals are telling the ir readers th a t cutbacks are going to be severe, th a t there will no t be enough jobs to go around an d th a t the federal provisions for unem ploym ent assistance are w oefully inadequate.

I t is d ifficult to see how a norm al em ploye who reads this highly distorted editorial m ateiial can escape acquiring a strong fear com plex regard ing his postw ar job. P er­haps this fear of the fu tu re , partly developed by the alarm ist p ropaganda in union publications, is responsible for the p resen t w ave of w ork stoppages. I t is not unreason­able to believe th a t the uninform ed w orker, having been to ld th a t job insecurity is ahead , acts now to get all he can get w hile getting seems possible.

H ow ever, there m ust be an an tido te for fears th a t are no t justified. I t is likely th a t if the average union m em ber could know how m uch effort is being m ade to in ­sure a m axim um of postw ar em ploym ent, his fears w ould be allayed. F o r instance, if all the reports of expanded activity for postw ar issued by P aul H offm an’s C om m ittee for Econom ic D evelopm ent w ere read by em ployes, their fear for the fu tu re w ould tu rn to confidence.

Ind iv idual com panies can do m uch to offset the fear propaganda. Recently the John A. Roebling s Sons Co. ran a 32-page supplem ent in the “T renton Sunday- Times A dvertiser. This supplem ent, generously illustrated w ith excellent rep roduc­tions of Roebling facilities and personnel, explained how this veteran com pany plans to m eet the challenge and responsibilities of peace.

P ictured is a m iniature suspension bridge reflecting radical departures from accepted practices in b ridge construction. T he new principles will be incorporated in postw ar bridges. “As soon as m aterials and m anpow er are available, w ork w ill sta rt on a num ber of m ajor b ridge projects th a t are now on the draw ing boards . . . assur­ing jobs for thousands of engineers and w orkm en all over the country .”

This and o ther statem ents in the supplem ent m ust have had a reassuring effect upon th e tow nspeople and em ployes in T renton and Roebling.

Thousands of industrial com panies have definite plans for expanding activities afte r V-J D ay. I f these p lans could be m ade know n to the people in the affected com ­m unities, they w ould serve as a pow erful an tido te for the p resen t all-too prevalen t fear com plex am ong em ployes.

ETHICS IN GOVERNMENT: Of Presi­dent T rum an’s six appointees to cabinet posts, three have unusual opportunities to lift the eth ical stand ­ards of federal adm inistration to a h igher p lane. The three are F re d M. Vinson, secretary of the treasury; Tom C, Clark, atto rney general; an d Lew is B. Schwellenbach, secretary of labor.

One m uch needed reform is to adm inister justice so th a t crim inals can be punished for all the crimes they com m it and no t alone for evasion of incom e

tax laws. I t is a disgrace th a t the In tern a l R evenue D epartm en t has to be p rostitu ted to jail a gangster because the p roper authorities cannot convict him on offenses ranging up to grand larceny, arson and m ur­der. Also obnoxious an d dow nright dishonest is the capital stock tax w hich forces corporate taxpayers to gam ble. I t should go.

T he “consent decree” or flagrant abuses of it should be abandoned . I t is unfair to b ribe a cor­poration or individual to p lead guilty w hen innocent

(O V E R )

79

A S T H E E D I T O R V I E W S T H E N E W S

by trading, a $5000 fine for the $100,000 cost of proving one’s innocence.

A nother injustice w hich should be discontinued is the practice of the governm ent of se ttling labor disputes by seizing the property of the em ployer, who often is no t a principal in the dispute.

These are a few of the reform s needed to re ­establish a h igher degree of in tegrity in governm ent.

— p. 92O O 0

13 TO 1 IMPROVEMENT: AssociateE d ito r George Birdsall’s article on high speed drill­ing, ream ing and tapping reports the num ber of holes an operator can ream , drill or tap in a 10-hour shift w orking on im proved m odern equipm ent. If m em ory serves m e correctly , the piece-w ork rate on one of these jobs in a shop w here this w riter w orked in 1908 or 1909 was 2 mills a hole and a drill press operator had to w ork hard to make 34 or 35 cents an hour. A t th a t same piece-w ork rate , an operator, using the equ ipm ent described by Mr. Birdsall, today w ould make $44 in a 10-hour shift, or $4.40 per hour. Assuming equal proficiency on the p a rt of the operators, the increase from 34 cents to $4.^0 per hour represents a 13 to 1 im provem ent in the productiv ity of m achines in a 37-year period,

Perhaps it is this type of im provem ent in the tools w ith w hich m en w ork th a t has m ade industrial Am erica such a m arvelous arsenal for dem ocracy in this w ar. — p. 112

o © o

PRUNING DEAD WOOD: in line withPresident T rum an’s objective of co-ordinating and sim plifying governm ent adm inistrative agencies, R F C has absorbed five subsidiaries— R ubber R e­serve Co., M etals Reserve Co., D efense P lan t Corp., D efense Supplies Corp. and D isaster L oan Corp.

Considering the large num ber of separate agencies still in existence, this m erger of only five units may seem to be trivial. N evertheless it is significant in tha t it is one of the T rum an consolidation moves w hich signalizes a reversal of the tendency under his predecessor’s adm inistration to habitually create new agencies w ithou t abolishing the full-flown official­doms w hich they superseded.

The R F C consolidation is encouraging. If it is follow ed by the obviously desirable liquidation of some hundreds of o ther stray offices, divisions, au ­thorities, sections, branches an d corporations, the result w ill be gratifying to the corporations and in­dividuals w ho pay the fre igh t of top-heavy govern­m ent. Co-ordination and sim plification is a major “m ust” in governm ent policy for postw ar stability.

— p. 94

SIGNS OF THE TIMES: L ast year a jointcom m ittee of SAE an d A ISI set up hardenability bands for 37 standard SAE and N E steels. Now the com m ittee has approved sim ilar bands for 35 additional SAE an d N E steels (p .116) and is setting up bands based upon m odified chem ical composi­tions for every steel in the standard steel list. Later a com plete series of bands will be w orked out for each steel based upon original com positions. This undertaking is im portant; it gives steelm akers more la titude in chem ical com position a t the sam e tim e it guarantees steel users closer adherence to hardness values they select. . . . W ashington Steel Corp., a new steel com pany whose directorate includes many names well know n in steel circles (p. 110), will be­gin operations early in 1946 in the p lan t formerly ow ned by the W ashington T in P late Co. T he new com pany w ill produce stainless steel in sheet and strip form. . . . NAM is advocating a uniform federal sta tu te of lim itations (p. 95) to p ro tec t business and industry from heavy penalties w hich m ay b e m ade retroactive u nder num erous laws enacted during the past decade. . . . J. A. K rug, chairm an of WPB, reports w ar production in 1944 (p.97) included 96,- 359 planes, 30,889 ships, 17,565 tanks, 595,330 arm y trucks, 10,738 field guns and how itzers, 215,- 177 bazookas and 1,416,774 tons of ground artillery am m unition. This is a h ighly cred itab le score. . . - M onitors of m otordom opine th a t F o rd M otor reaped a million dollars w orth of publicity (p. 99) in lead­ing the field in introducing 1946 models. F o rd ex­pects to have each of its 6000 dealers stocked with a t least one car by L abor D ay. . . . Co-operation of com panies identified w ith tool and die m anufac­turing has m ade it possible for Percy Jones General H ospital, B attle Creek, M ich., to set up an exact rep ­lica of an autom otive tool shop (p. 100) for the train ing of w ounded and hand icapped veterans. . . . Peak of fre igh t traffic due to redeploym ent for the Pacific w ar is expected next April (p. 83), according to Army officers. Railroads will carry nearly 90 per cen t of the tonnage involved. . . . H eavy m etal­w orking equipm ent, particularly' heavy presses (p- 88), m ay prove to b e a serious bo ttleneck in the re­conversion problem . . . . A shift in personnel of this publication, involving m erited prom otions for both m en, takes R. L . H artfo rd from P ittsburgh to re­search and prom otion in C leveland (p. 103) and moves J. C . Sullivan from C leveland to P ittsburgh as resident editor.

E D I T O R - I N - C H I E F

80 /■t e e l

How Ryerson Alloys

Protect Your Production

Every Department is ServedW hen y o u r shi p m e n t o f R y e rso n a lloy s te e ls a rriv es , com plete te s t d a t a com es w ith th e m —d a ta th a t enables en g in ee rs a n d des ig n ers to ca ll fo r th e physical p ro p e r tie s lis ted , w ith confidence th a t they can be se c u re d —t h a t fu rn ish es h e a t tr e a te r s with a gu ide to su re , a c c u ra te re su lts a n d p ro v id es a detailed rec o rd fo r y o u r p u rc h a s in g execu tive .

As a p a r t o f th e R y e rso n C ertif ied S tee l P lan , this d a ta is d ev e lo p ed f ro m a c tu a l la b o ra to ry te s ts . In a d d itio n to m ill te s ts fo r ch em ica l a n a ly s is an d physical c h a ra c te r is tic s , R y e rs o n su b je c ts sa m ­ples from each a lloy h e a t to fo u r e n d -q u e n ch h a rd - en ab ility te s ts . F ro m h a rd n e ss re a d in g s o f th e te s t sam p les w e in te r p re t o b ta in a b le physical p ro p e r tie s fo r v a r io u s size ro u n d s in th e as -q u e n ch e d c o n d itio n a n d w hen quenched a n d d ra w n a t 1000°, 1100° an d 1200° F .

T h is t e s t d a ta com es w ith a llo y s w hich

a re id en tified b y h e a t sy m b o l a s w ell a s b y color m ark in g . A nd to m a k e d o u b ly c e r ta in t h a t y o u ge t th e r ig h t s tee l R y e rs o n ch eck s a g a in s t m ix e d sh ip ­m e n ts b y sp a rk te s tin g a ll a llo y s in s to c k .

R y e rso n a llo y se rv ice c o s ts y o u n o th in g e x tra . I t p ro te c ts y o u r p ro d u c ts a n d p ro d u c tio n . I t sav es tim e a n d m oney . I t is fu rn ish ed b y 11 R y e rso n S tee l-S erv ice P la n ts , ea ch lo c a te d in a m a jo r in ­d u s tr ia l a rea . T h e R y e rso n alloy p la n is ex p la in ed in d e ta il in o u r b o o k le t " I n te rp r e t in g H a rd e n a b il- i ty ” . I f y o u d id n o t rece iv e a copy w rite to d a y . A nd g e t in to u c h w ith y o u r n e a re s t R y e rso n p la n t w h en y o u n eed a lloy s tee l fro m s to ck .

JO SEPH T. R YER SO N & SO N , IN C. Steel-

S e r v ic e P la n ts : C h ic a g o , M ilw a u k e e ,

Detroit, St. Louis, C incinnati, C leve la n d ,

Pittsburgh, P h ilad e lp h ia , Buffalo, N ew

York, Boston.

R YE RS O Na l l o y S T E E L S • A L L E G H E N Y S T A I N L E S S • T O O L P L A T E S . S H E E T S • S T R I P S T E E L • S T R U C T U R A L S

sS T E E L • T U B I

Tsc

N G •R B A R S

M A C H I N E R Y

July 16, 1945 81

How th e S p e c t r o g r a p h H elps M a in ta in In la n d Q u a l i t yEvery open hearth heat run at the Inland mills is checked not only by routine con­trol methods of chemical analysis, hut also in a special spectrographic laboratory.

Inland was one of the first steel mills in America to install and develop tech­nique for using the spectrograph in con­trol of quality. An important advan­tage of this method is the rapidity with which tests can be made. At any stage during the working of a heat a melter can have an accurate check on the chemical content with­

in ten minutes after a sample is deliv­ered to the laboratory. Not only do these frequent and rapid tests assure the uni­form high quality of Inland steel, but they also help maintain capacity produc­tion— a vital necessity in this time of war.

The spectrographic analysis is only one of the many checks and balances used by Inland in the production of steel — it is only one of the numerous qual­ity control methods adopted by Inland

after rigid tests prove their practicability7.

INLAND STEEL CO.38 S. Dearborn St., Chicago 3, III.

Sales O ffice s : C incinnati • Detroit • In d ian ap o lis • K a n sa s C ity • M ilw aukee • N ew York • St. Louis • St. Paul

A spectrographic film provides a permanent record of each sample.

VJ IOCspectrum emanating from the vaporization of the steel sample in an electric arc quickly reveals the chemical content of the sample.

W E S T W A R D H O !

New York Central locomotive taking water on the jly at a “jerkwater town. Improved tech­nique makes it possible to take on 5000 gallons in less than 20 seconds while traveling at 80

miles per hour. Photo from A. M. Byers Co.

T ransportRedeployment To TaxMass movement of m il i ta ry personne l a n d m a te r ia ls to Pacif ic theater o f op e ra t io n s confronts ra i l ro a d s a n d o the r common carriers w ith g rea tes t t ra n sp o r ta t io n task in h istory. W este rn roads to b e a r b ru n t o f bu rden

REDEPLOYMENT of the nation’s iirmed might to the Pacific theater of operations confronts the railroads and other common carriers w ith the greatest transportation task in history.

Mass movement of men and mate- s to Pacific embarkation points, now

under way, will accelerate over the next S|x to eight months. Already the effect

the military traffic burden on tbe rail- * s reflected in drastic curtailment of passenger carrying facilities for the civil- ■an population., immensity of the task cut out for e nation’s transportation system is stag­

gering. JJot only must it serve as the

central link in the redeployment of the armed forces from Europe to the Pacific but it must simultaneously carry on the job of serving a tremendous war produc­tion program and an expanding civilian economy as industry reconverts to peace­time goods manufacture.

Use .of the railroads in the movement of military personnel is expected to at­tain peak in December when about 1.5 million military personnel will be criss­crossing the nation in pulbnans, coaches, hospital cars and troop sleepers. Maj. Gen. Charles P. Gross, chief of trans­portation, Army Service Forces, recently predicted that the war’s previous peak

in rail transportation of military person­nel will be exceeded repeatedly during redeployment operations.

He pointed out that the high date in rail transport of armed forces occurred in August, 1943, when organized move­ments — 40 or more men — totaled 1,104,426. This figure will rise to 1.5 million in December this year, he said, while travel by troops as individuals on furlough, emergency leave, passes, etc., will increase the travel total of military personnel in December to a total of ap­proximately 2,000,000.

In his recent report as director of War Mobilization and Reconversion, Fred M. Vinson said that redeployment of troops, liberal furloughs and relocation of labor during the reconversion period added to essential civilian travel, will push pas­senger traffic up to 107 billion passenger miles, 10 per cent above the record es­tablished in 1944. In the redeployment of troops it is estimated that each soldier

83

W E S T W A R D H O !

Soldiers enroute to the W est Coast attempt to sleep in crowded day coaches. The congestion in this type of traffic was largely responsible for the restriction

on use of pullmans by civilians. N EA photo

will be moved at least six times: From Atlantic arrival port to staging area; to distribution center nearest his home; to his home; to an assembly center; to West Coast staging area, and finally, to shipside. For the peak redeployment month, December, the Transportation Corps will require 24,500 pullman cars, 11,385 coaches and 6375 baggage cars.

At the same time that passenger and troop traffic is mounting the freight load will continue near peak. In his report. Director Vinson said it is estimated the railroads will have to carry 724 billion ton-miles of freight over the next 12 months, only 3 per cent below the peak set in 1944. Actually, the freight traffic peak is not expected by the Army until April of next year when in excess of 11,- 000,000 tons will be hauled by carriers of all kinds. Highway motor transport is ex­pected to accommodate from 9 to 10 per cent of the load, inland waterway facilities 2 per cent, and the remainder the railroads.

Freight car loadings in the third quar­ter of 1945 will ■ be slightly belowr the total in the same quarter of 1944, accord­ing to the thirteen Shippers’ Advisory Boards. Loadings for tw'enty-eight prin­cipal commodities will be 9,864,374 cars

84

in the period compared with 9,970,452 actual car loadings for the same commo­dities in the corresponding three months in 1944, a decrease of 1.1 per cent. Four of the thirteen Shippers' Advisory Boards estimate increased loadings while nine anticipate decreases.

Following tabulation shows estimated loadings for each district for the third quarter of 1945, and the percentage of increase or decrease over the 1944 period:

E sti-Shippers’ m ated L oad-Advisory ings T h ird Per C en tBoards Q uarte r 1945 Increase

N ew E ngland ............... 179,135 2 .7 -DA tlan tic States ............. 1 ,087 .020 1.5A llegheny 1 ,235,974 1.2-DOhio V alley 1 ,156 ,240 4 .0-DSoutheast ....................... 975 ,259 5 .2 -DG rea t Lakes .................. 642 ,836 2 .3 -DC entral W estern .............. 376 671 3.7M id-W est ....................... 1 ,285,019 0.4N orthw est ....................... 862 ,414 0 .2 -DTrans-M issouri-

Kansas ......................... 508 ,336 0 .9 -DS outhw est ....................... 7 20 .853 2 .3-DPacific C oast . . . . . . . . 510,961 4 .3Pacific N orthw est . . . . 323 ,656 0 .7 -D

The Shippers’ boards expect increases in third quarter loadings of fifteen of the commodities listed, but decreases in thirteen. Among those indicating in­creases are: Agricultural implements and vehicles other than automobiles, 10.8 per cent; grain, 10.4 per cent; brick and clay

products, 6.2 per cent; cotton, 4.3 pet cent; paper, paperboard and preparer roofing, 3.9 per cent, and manufacture and miscellaneous, 2 per cent.

Commodities for which decreases are estimated include: Petroleum and petro­leum products, 8.2 per cent; machino? and boilers, 8 per cent; gravel, sand and stone, 5.7 per cent; ore, 5 per cent; lum­ber and forest products, 4.3 per cent, and coal and coke, 2.1 per cent.

While overall freight movement is a- pected to be down slightly this facts deceptive of the traffic picture sinct shipments will be dislocated far iron normal, the burden on the western M i­llers being sharply increased. The wet­em railroads, carriers in the West, are widely dispersed and in many instances i single-track. This fact, coupled with the longer hauls entailed, will tie up equip­ment for much longer periods than ordi­narily would be the case.

As for the state of transportation equip­ment, after several gruelling war y e a n of unprecedented use, wear and tear and obsolescence are removing facilities from the rails and the highways almost as fast as new equipment is being made avail­able. Some relief in this respect may k forthcoming over closing months of thsf year as more motor carriers and sons| additional railroad equipment are mai; available. Orders for cars for use <* domestic railroads in the first six montlt were only about one half the total of tl* like period a year ago, however, being estimated at 14,766 units compared with 28,391. Freight cars on order on June ! amounted to 35,497 and this number s expected to be increased.

Future Improvement SeenIndications of some future improve ]

ment in the transportation equipment] situation are seen in the allotment of in- ] creased quantities of controlled material by the War Production Board for third quarter. Construction of new railroad passenger cars is now authorized for tb first time since 1942, but, said the Offi® of Defense Transportation, none will bq in production until early in 1946.

Total allocations of carbon steel f#| transportation for the third quarter aje 1,339,588 short tons, the ODT said, tlf| largest foi any quarter of 1945. Tb- allotment amounts to 87 per cent of tkj ODT requirement of 1,532,136 tons, a\ compared with only 70 per cent of tl- program in the second quarter.

Carbon steel allotments for the m®*| important transportation items in u* third quarter are as follows; Replacew^1 rail, 495,900 tons allotted for railro» 13,500 for transit lines; for locomotive-'- 41,500; freight cars, 220,000 tons have been allotted for covering the Priy ent schedule of about 11,000 to built in the fourth quarter; Passe_nf5,r train cars, 5000 tons allotted, plus tons of alloy steel to produce coaches, head-end cars and non-lux® type diners, and start a program of -" passenger ears quarterly beginning v1’

/ T E

W E S T W A R D H O !

1 9 4 2

first quarter of 1946; track accessories, allotment 244,500 tons for railroads, 4500 tons for transit lines; highway transport, allotments granted to meet require­ments of programs currently authorized by WPB. Steel for integral buses actually exceeds the stated program of 8300 tons by 4700 tons to permit the production of 1100 additional units in 1945, making the entire year’s production approximate­ly 10,000. The third quarter allotment of steel for trucks is 76,600 tons, which will, according to present estimates, bring the entire year’s production to 186,000 units. Other allotments are: For street cars, 950 tons; bus bodies, 6000 tons; trolley coaches, 300 tons; trailers, 9200 tons; third axles, 500 tons. Automotive replacement parts, allotted, 155,000 tons; water transport, 28,000 tons allotted; petroleum and liquid transport, 438 tons allotted, for tank trailers; alloy steel, 128,840 tons allotted.

At least 1800 more skilled workers are needed by the transportation equip­ment industry if an immediate increase in railroad freight car production from 1000 to 8000 cars a month is to be at­tained, the WPB stated recently.

The labor problem is already so acute, and die railroads are so congested, it was said at a meeting of the WPB Labor Advisory Committee on Transportation Equipment, that in the Middle West grain and crop movements are impaired for lack of freight cars, and farther west, there have been instances where trunk line trains have been unable to start be­cause of shortage of crews.

Shortage To Continuebrig. Gen. C. D. Young, ODT deputy

director, told the committee that an ex­tremely serious transportation problem lies ahead, and that this condition will continue for at least a year or 18 months. ln fact, the general declared, transpor­tation equipment needs will continue until after the defeat of Japan, if not longer.

Alfred Lawrence, assistant to the di­rector, Transportation Equipment Di- ' i.sion, WPB, declared that practically ell foundries producing equipment for railroad cars, although on the “critical” 'st, are running into a series of strikes, which are rendering the situation ex­tremely dangerous. He called upon the "'dustry to endeavor to recmit workers mto the railroad car production indus- Jr'cs, since already a production back-

of approximately 8000 freight and tiatcars exists. He said 15 companies in railroad car production are experiencing a mortage of some 1800 men, such as "elders, riveters, upholsterers, molders, etc., which explains why production is

00 cars behind schedule. In addition to this shortage, as of June 1, Mr. Law­rence said ODT wanted for military pur­poses some 1600 sleeping and kitchen cars for redeployment of tire armed forces.

Clinton S, Golden and John L. Beck- (Please turn to Page 208)

Il,ly 16, 1945

SHIFT TO THE PACIFICPrompt redeployment of troops and equipment is reflected in rise in freight cars unloaded on West Coast, decline at Atlantic ports.

Freight Cars Unloadcd for Export-Dally Aver 8«

A \ ,/ \ j ** i \.

All untie Ports A/ ' r *i

/ M \ l ,-■> V V*•

---'. / V / \

r J Pacifi Ports / V

y

TT" i i i l it m i . ...................... ! • 1 ! 1 I 1 1 1 ! 1 l.l.l_l_l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 111111 9 4 5

■ H A U C K RESIG N S W P B PO ST; A LLEN PRO M OTEDW a s h in g t o n —William A. Hauck has resigned as chief, Control Branch, Steel Di­vision, W ar Production Board, to join Reconstruction Finance Corp. where he will assist in disposal of surplus steel plants. R. C. Allen has been appointed vice chair­man, Office of Metals and Minerals, WPB, succeeding William C. Keeley who is resuming his position as vice president, Air Reduction Co., New York.

■ ELEC TR IC AUTO-LITE PLA N S N EW SH A R O N V ILLE PLANTT o l e d o , O.— Electric Auto-Lite Co., this city, has a c q u i r e d a tract of land at Sharon- ville, O., for a new plant to manufacture material for the Navy.

■ W H EE L IN G STEEL TO REC O N STRU C T TH REE FURNACESP it t s b u r g h — Contract for reconstruction of three heating furnaces in the hot strip mill at the Steubenville, O., works, Wheeling Steel Corp., Wheeling, W. Va., has been awarded to Rust Furnace Co., this city.

■ T IN SU PPL IES DROP 70 PER CENT S IN C E 1942W a s h in g t o n — Available supplies of pig tin have dropped 70 per cent since Jan. 1, 1942, to 23,654 tons as of May 1, after allowing for an 18,000-ton minimum working inventory and government stockpiling.

■ SPEC IA L SA LE REST R IC T IO N S LIFTED ON FIVE M ETALSW a s h i n g t o n —Restrictions on special sales of chromium, copper raw materials, inconel, monel and nickel have been removed by WPB.

■ M A VER IC K D EPLO RES S LO W N ESS O F SU RPLU S D ISPO SA LP i t t s b u r g h —Surplus property disposal must be speeded up or it will turn out to be the worst scandal of the war, Maury Maverick, chairman, Smaller W ar Plants Corp., stated here last week.

■ SEN A TE GRO UP TO H IT C O N C EN TRATIO N O F STEEL INDUSTRYW a s h i n g t o n —Concentration of the steel industry in the East is hit in a forthcoming report to a senate subcommittee which has been studying development of the western steel industry.

■ SPB M EM BERS MAKE W EST ER N STEEL PLAN T PR O PO SA LW a s h in g t o n — Col. Edward H. Heller and Robert A. Hurley, members of tire Surplus Property Board, suggested last week that western capital organize to operate govern­ment-built western steel plants. Under the proposed plan, financing might be done through public subscription.

H R ET IR IN G STEEL D IV IS IO N O F F IC IA L S HO N O REDW a s h in g t o n — A dinner w a s given here last Thursday for the following officials of the WPB Steel Division xvho are leaving the organization: Harry M. Francis, assistant director; Clark W. King, assistant to director; R. A. Marble, plate section; R. W. Shannon, directive committee; George F. Hocker, forging and castings section;G. Russell Link, steel products section.

Present, Past and Pending

F L A T - R O L L E D S T E E L

Sheet SteelM il ls b o o k e d fa r a h e a d on w a r orders fo r l ig h t f la t - ro l le d m ate r ia l . W a r Production B o a rd seeks to sp rea d a v a i l ­a b le supplies as fa r as possible

ACUTE shortage of sheet and strip steel threatens to be one of the most formidable obstacles in the path to re­conversion of consumer durable goods production over the next few months. Mills are booked solidly on both items, bookings in some cases running through the first quarter of 1946. Cancellations to date have been practically nil and mills can promise little in deliveries of these products in the foreseeable future.

Unless third-quarter war steel require­ments are reduced and war contractors cancel part of the rated tonnage now on mill books, the outlook for automak­ers, manufacturers of refrigerators, wash­ing machines and other similar items getting an early start in volume pro­duction is not promising.

Steel warehouses have short stocks of sheet and strip and can offer no sub­stantial assistance to such manufacturers. Rejects or secondary material likewise is in short supply and while some dealers anticipate an easing within the next 60 days, they are not optimistic as to the quantity of sheets and strip that will become available. Surplus stocks which have been offered by government dis­posal agencies recently have contained only limited amounts of light flat-rolled material and some of this has been of unsatisfactory quality.

Recognizing that sheet and strip may easily become a serious reconversion "bottleneck,” the War Production Board has started a series of moves to spread the available supplies as far as possi­ble.

Steel sheets 69 inches wide are being coiled after rolling on the 96-mch mut o* Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp.’s South Chicago Works. Each of the coils weighs 4200 pounds. Coiler operates at a speed of approximately 900 feet per minute

Open spaces on rolling schedules are expected to result from military cancel­lations and from other actions recently taken by the WPB. It is upon these ex­pectations that WPB is basing its hopes that materials may be made available for reconversion purposes.

WPB recently sent telegrams to all mills producing sheet and strip requiring them to report to the WPB Steel Divi­sion on the cancellations of outstanding orders to be produced in the third quar­ter. These orders must be listed by the month for which the orders are scheduled for production and according to grade.

Earlier, WPB had ordered a 25 per cent reduction in the permissible inven­tories for sheet and strip. This reduced permissible stocks from 60 days to 45 days’ supply. Small consumers using not more than 25 tons a month are per­mitted to carry' up to a 60-day supply'.

Other steps taken by WPB to com­bat the threatened cliokepoint include:

1. Investigations by WPB’s field staff of steel users’ inventory and purchase order positions, particularly in sheet steel. Compliance action may be taken j against violators of WPB regulations.

2. More effective use of manufac­turers’ inventories of idle and excess sheet and strip steel.

3. Increased sheet and strip steel production from present facilities through a recruiting drive for 2000 men and pr0‘ posed expenditure of $55 million by Pn' vate industry for new flat-rolled finishing facilities.

4. Rescreening of all third-quarter and proopsed fourth-quarter steel alloca­tions to adjust CMP tickets to the needs of a one-front war.

WPB Chairman J. A. Krug says best estimates available indicate reconversion

/ t e e 1

“Freeze” Order RevisedOn July 5, WPB “froze” third-quarter

steel rolling mill order books for most types of sheet and strip in an effort to obtain concrete information regarding all open spaces on mill schedules for the.se products. Late last week order books for these products were reopened for July and August for all firms and for die entire third quarter for small businesses (those producing $50,000 or less per quarter). The freeze order was lifted to avoid a possible loss of produc­tion, WPB explained.

Steel products affected by the order are: Plain hot-rolled sheet and strip,16-gage and lighter; hot-rolled pickled sheet and strip, all gages; cold-rolled sheet and strip, all gages; galvanized sheet, all gages; silicon sheet and strip, all gages.

Be Bottleneck

S T A T I S T I C S

STEEL IN GO T PRO D U C T IO N STAT IST ICSC alculated

--E stim a ted P roduction—All C o m p an ies -------------------------------- —— ----- w eekly—Open H earth — — B essem er— E lectric T o ta l produc-

P e r cen t P e r cen t P e r c en t P e r cen t tlon, allN et o t N e t o t N e t of N e t of com paniestons capac . tons capac . tons capac . to n s capac . N et tons

of th e open h e a r th , 100% ofcapac.

Based on reports by com p an ies w hich In 1944 m ad e 97

N um ­ber of

weeks In mo.the

945bessem er and 86.7% o f tl

in. 6.468,815 90.5 379,062'eb. 5,967.842 92.4 347,227!ar. 6,927,377 96.9 398,351UQtr. 19,364,034 93.3 1,124.640wr. 6,541,097 94.4 372,952■lay 6,662,827 93.2 402,100base 6,159,348 88.9 379,828M qtr. 19,363,272 92.2 1,154,8801st hit. 9(4

38,727,306 92.7 2,279,520

Ian. 6,770,423 97.2 439,551Feb. 6,410,914 98.5 409,781Hir. 6,977.466 100.1 455,368lit qtr. 20,158,803 98.6 1,304,700Apr, 6,789,422 100.6 437,472Slay 6,879,253 98.7 437,444tae 6,463,049 95.8 419,699bid qtr. 20,131,724 98.4 1,294,615lit hit. 40,290,527 98.5 2,599,315July 6,743,812 96.6 415,543Aug, 6,715.835 95.9 429.672Sept. 6,501,944 96.1 398,058Sitlqtr. 19,961,591 96.2 1,243,2739iwb. 60,252,118 97.7 3,842,588Oct. 6,860,921 98.0 420,105Nov. 6,572,454 97.0 403,908Dec. 6,678,460 95.6 373,322ills Qtr. 20,111,835 96.9 1,197,3352nd hlf. 40,073,426 96.5 2,440,608Total 80,363,953 97.5 5,039,923

358.346 339,520 382,237

1,080,103 377,877 385,876 329,541

78.8 1,093,294 78.2 2,173,397

76.077.1 79.877.677.280.6 78.6

85.4 382,62985.2 373,31488.5 393,42386.4 1,149,36687.8 366.79485.0 385,87984.2 351,50985.6 1,104,18286.0 2,253,54880.9 339,03283.5 353.40680.1 335.10981.5 1,027,54784.5 3,281,09581.6 339,85981.0 302,35772.7 314,38878.4 956,60480.0 1,984,15183.0 4,237,699

Ions open hearth 116,182 net tons bessem er and 102,350 n e t tons electric Ingots and steel fo r castings total 1 791 287 ne t tons: based on an n u al capac ities a s of Jan . 1, 1944 a s follows. Open hearth 82 ,2 2 3 ,6 10 ne t tons, bessem er 6,074,000 n e t tons, electric 5,350.880 n e t tons. Be- Elnnlng July 1, 1944, th e percen tages of c ap ac ity operated a re calcu la ted on w eekly capacities Ot 1,580,042 net tons open h earth , 116,182 n e t tons bessem er and 102,7o7 net tons electric ingots and steel tor castings, to ta l 1,798,981 net tons; based on annual cap ac itie s as follows: Open dearth 82,604 COO net tons, bessem er 6,074,000 ne t tons, electric 5,372,150 ne t tons.

For 1945 percen tages a re calcu la ted on w eekly capac ities of 1,614.338 ne t tons of open dearth, 112,658 tons o t bessem er and 104,640 tons o f e lectric Ingots and steel fo r cas tings to ta l 1,831,636 tons; based on an n u al capac ities a s o f J an . 1, 1945 a s follows: Open h e a r th 84,171,590 net tons, bessem er 5,874,000 tons, electric 5,455,890 tons.

77.3 7,206,223 88.8 1,626.687 4.4381.1 6,654,589 90.8 1,663.647 4.0082.4 7,707,965 95.0 1,739,947 4.4380.2 21,568,777 91.6 1,677,199 12.8681.4 7,291,926 92.8 1,699,750 4.2983.2 7,450,803 91.8 1,681,897 4.4373.4 6,868,717 87.4 1,601,100 4.2980.3 21,611,446 90.7 1,661,141 13.0180.3 43,180,223 91.1 1,669,123 25.87

84.4 7,592,603 95.7 1,713,906 4.4388.1 7,194,009 97.0 1,737.683 4.1486.8 7,826.257 98.6 1,768,649 4.4386.4 22,612,869 97.1 1,739,451 13.0083.5 7,593,688 98.8 1,770,090 4.2985.1 7,702,576 97.1 1,738,730 4.4380.1 7,234,257 94.1 1,686,307 4.2982.9 22,530,521 96.7 1,731,785 13.0184.7 45,143,390 96.9 1,735,617 26.0174.6 7,498,387 94.3 1,696,468 4.4277.6 7,498,913 94.1 1,692,757 4.4376.2 7,235,111 94.0 1,690,446 4.2876.2 22,232,411 94.1 1,693,253 13.1381.8 67,375,801 96.0 1,721,405 39.1474.7 7,620,885 95.6 1.720,290 4.4368.6 7.278,719 94.3 1,696,671 4.2969.2 7,366,170 92.6 1.666,554 4.4270.8 22,265,774 94.2 1,694,503 13.1473.5 44,498,185 94.2 1,693,878 26.2779.0 89,641,575 95.5 1,714,644 52.28

ted on w eekly capac ities o f 1,572,755 net

"ill require during the next four months about 350,000 tons of sheet and strip of ibe grades which are in short supply.

'During these four months, the steel industry will produce at present produc­tion rates about 2,400,000 tons of these gages. With 2000 additional men re- eniited for the sheet and strip mills, an additional 80,000 tons a month, or 320,-000 tons for the four months, could be Produced with present facilities— enough to take care of all reconversion.”

Mr. Krug said all hot strip mills for­merly rolling plates have been returned *° full production of sheets, subject only to limitation on sheet finishing capacity and available manpower and those plate requirements which cannot be produced 11,1 other than strip mills due to require­ments for extra deep drawing and pick­ing.

In announcing that WPB is throwing no full weight of its field and compli­c e forces into an investigation of the m'entoiy and order position of large seel users, Mr. Krug said this will also

it possible to determine whether 'r not military cutbacks are being iomtplv reflected at the steel mills.

reports are, said Mr. Krug, that in instances orders on the steel mills

°r products that are in relatively easy ' jPply have been changed recently to1 aets for products which are in short•

5ul>' 16, 1945

supply, such as sheets. WPB is investi­gating such cases both at the steel mill and plant levels, and promises appro­priate compliance action will be taken when necessary.

The procurement services of the armed forces are in full agreement with this policy and have co-operated in its devel­opment, Mr. Krug said. Their procure­ment schedules, contractors’ inventories, and the redistribution of any excess pro­curement requirements or inventories are to be geared to this program.

The procurement services, he said, are interested in keeping unemployment re­sulting from contract cutbacks or can­cellations to a minimum and concur in the actions proposed by the WPB to improve the supply and distribution of sheet steel needed for reconversion. Army and Navy officers have been ad­vised of the steps to be taken and they will assist WPB in accomplishing these results.

In addition to the above actions, Mr. Krug added, WPB is reviewing all third quarter allocations of steel, including export and lend-lease requirements and shipments. The objective, he said, is to reduce CMP allocations to the levels needed to protect only war and impor­tant war supporting activities for the one-front war. In a number of instances

(Please turn to Page 199)

First Half Ingot Output Lowest Since 1942

C o ld w ea th e r , f loods , fue l shortage , la b o r in te rrup t ions cut p ro d u c t io n n e a r ly tw o m il­l ion tons f ro m 1944 p e r io d

PRODUCTION of steel ingots and steel for castings during the first half of 1945 totaled 43,180,223 net tons, according to reports to the American Iron & Steel Institute. That tonnage was more than two-thirds of the total steel produced in the entire year 1929, the record peacetime production year, but was lower than the output of any half-year since the middle of 1942.

While March was the third highest on record from the standpoint of produc­tion, severe cold weather, floods, coal and labor shortages and other obstacles were encountered. Oil V-E Day operations were at about 95 per cent of capacity hut in recent weeks rearrangement of war contracts and a series of sporadic labor disputes have depressed production.

Production for six months this year was 1,963,000 tons below the record of 45,143,390 tons made in first half of 1944. Operations averaged 91.1 per cent of capaicly for the first half of 1945.

June output was 6,868,717 tons, a drop of 582,086 tons from tire 7,450,803 tons made in May. The industry op­erated at 87.4 per cent of capacity in June.

Steel Corp. Shipments 195,105 Tons Under M ay

Finished steel shipments by the United States Steel Corp. in June totaled 1,602,- 882 net tons, a decrease of 195,105 tons from May shipments of 1,797,987 tons and a decrease of 134,887 tons from de­liveries of 1,737,769 tons in June, 1944.

For six months ended June 30 total shipments were 10,124,959 tons.

(In ter-com pany sh ipm ents no t Included) N et Tons

Ja n .Feb.M ar.A pr.M ayJuneJu lyAugr.Sept.Oct.N ov.Dec.

19451.569.1151.562.4881,869.6421,722.8451.797.9871,602,882

1944 .780.787 ,755,772 871 795 756.797 ,776.984 ,737,769 .754,525 ,743.485 ,733.602 .774.969 ,743.753 ,767,600

19431.658 .9921.691,5921.772.3971.630.8281.706.5431,552,6631.660.7621.70-1.2891.664.5771.794.9681.660.5941.719.624

1942 1.738 893 1,616,587 1.780 938 1.758.894 1.834.127 1,774,068 1.765.749 1.788.650 1,703.570 1,787.501 1.665.545 1,849.633

21,150,788 20,244,830 21,064,157T o tal ..A d just­m en t ................ 0 98,609 «97,214 «449.020T o ta l ................ 21,052,179 20,147,616 20,615,137

•D ecrease .

87

M A C H I N E R Y

Big Metalworking Equipment DemanèM e chan ica l presses a n d a l l ie d m ach ine ry seen b iggest e q u ip ­m ent bo tt leneck in reconvers ion to c iv i l ian goods p rod u c t io n .Industry is one o f the fe w em erg ing f ro m w a r w i th o u t surplus ca p ac ity p rob lem s

MECHANICAL presses and allied sheet metalworking machinery are seen at Washington as the biggest equipment bottleneck facing manufacturers now seeking to reconvert from war to civilian jiroduction. The situation has improved greatly since the War Production Board in April began to give the AA-S rating to equipment for which a vital need was shown. But even with such assistance a number of months will have to elapse before shipments can be made against new rated orders.

This is because current peacetime de­mands for such equipment are larger than the wartime demands. When in­dustry' was tooling up for war produc­tion, the dollar value of press orders averaged about 6 per cent of the dollar value of machine tool orders. Today, the dollar value of press orders is about 30 per cent of the dollar value of machine tool orders. The sheet metalworking equipment industry is one of the few emerging from the war without a sur­plus capacity problem.

The order backlog of press manufac­turers at the end of May was $89,200,000 and May shipments were valued at $8,- 100,000; at that rate the backlog would take about 11 months to work off with­out allowing for new orders that con­tinue to be placed on the books. New orders booked during May came to $9,-200,000, or about $1,100,000 in excess of shipments during that month. Cur­rent demand continues to exceed ship­ments.

Rated Orders Account for Bulk

Unrated orders up to this time neces­sarily have received scant attention; of the May shipments of $8,177,000, rated orders came to $7,600,000 and unrated orders to $577,000. Of the $89,200,000 on the books as of May 31, rated orders came to $60,000,000 and unrated orders to $29,200,000. This ratio has been changed since, but not to an im­portant extent, by reason of the changed status of Russian orders involving $6 million to $8 million. All these Russian orders have been unrated and many of them have been canceled or are due for cancellation.

Even so, the rated orders for presses and allied equipment at the end of May were sufficient to account for the out­put of the manufacturers practically through October. And rated orders rep­resented a large proportion of the May bookings; of the $9,300,000 entered on

books in that month, $5 million worth carried priority ratings. Because the war demand for presses has been about satisfied, nearly all the rated orders placed in May involved reconver­sion needs; the principal exception comprised some orders for shipment to France and Belgium which were given the AA-3 rating.

Outlook for increased production of presses and other sheet metalworking machinery is not regarded at Washington as bright. Plants making this machinery generally are located in important war production centers and, under current wage stabilization policies, are unable to offer wages that would entice many additional workers. Too, these companies continue to have trouble getting castings and forgings.

Supply of New Tools ImprovesSupply of new machine tools is re­

garded as relatively more comfortable. At end of May the machine tool order backlog was $275 million, since reduced by some $60 million through cancellation of Russian orders. Shipments in May came to a shade under $40 million, so that the May 31 backlog was equivalent to about 5hi months’ output at that rate. However, of the orders on hand at end of May, $95 million were unrated, and $120 million (not counting $60 million of Russian orders since canceled) were rated.

Of the $120 million rated total (net counting the Russian orders later canceled) about $90 million consisted of military requirements and $30 million covered reconversion bottleneck requirements. On this basis, the supply situation in connection with reconversion needs is regarded as not at all bad. Furthermore, demand is tending to ease; new machine tool orders in May came to $26,198,000.

In a few cases machine tool buyers would like a better rating than AA-3 for their reconversion tools. Such requests have been ruled out on the ground that higher ratings must continue to be re­served for war needs.

A few cases have come up lately where companies say they will need help in getting delivery of new conveying ma­chinery for production of civilian goods. It is possible that in some of these cases the AA-3 rating may be allowed.

The situation surrounding demand for new tools, however, is only part of the story as many manufacturers are de­sirous of filling their reconversion r.eeds

in other ways. Automobile manufac-j lurers, for instance, would like a release j | of thousands of their privately-owned j tools now busy on war work so that they j could be used for tooling up autome- j bile production lines. These tools, the; ¡ say, could be replaced in war work h ] government-owned tools. They say they i know of large numbers of government owned tools which are idle and thus i available; yet the procurement agencies are reluctant to arrange such snbstitu-1 tions.

Among companies that plan to fill their

88 / T í * 1

M A C H I N E R Y

i Prospect¿conversion needs to a large extent by >uying surplus tools from the govem- nent, there is considerable complaint to ;he effect that the procurement agencies ire unduly slow in declaring idle tools surplus. Whether such complaints have any justification in fact cannot very well be judged from the outside, since the armed services may have further use for some of the tools that now are idle— and under the Surplus Property Act the services are not expected to declare tools surplus until they have lost their use­fulness in war production.

Eventually large numbers of surplus tools will be available. The W ar De­partment reported recently that it owns 162,579 tools, of which 133,224 are standard general-purpose and 29,355 are special-purpose tools. The Navy owns 254,708 tools, of which 238,842 are standard general-purpose and 15,864 are special-purpose tools. The Army at pre­sent expects to retain about 40,000 and the Navy expects to retain about 100,000 of these tools. The remainder eventually will be designated as surplus and offered to industry.

In the meantime, declarations of sur­plus are slow as indicated by a check with the Reconstruction Finance Corp. dis­posal unit. The RFC has scarcely any standard general-purpose tools on hand anywhere in the country; demand for such equipment is active and all general- purpose machines are snapped up as fast as they become available.

In addition to surplus declarations being slow to date, they have involved chiefly older equipment up to this time. Few general-purpose tools built in the last five years so far have been declared surplus by the Army and Navy—and these newer tools comprise the bulk of the tools owned by these agencies.

Machinery Demand Active

A check with the W ar Department in­dicates that quite a few war contractors are taking an interest in acquiring, under Regulation 6 of the Surplus Property Board, government-owned machinery which they have in their plants. Based on reports from the various ordnance districts, sales under this regulation should come to $6 million to $7 million in July and should be equal to or larger than this total in the next few months. The W ar Department now has up for approval of the attorney general, un­der the provisions of the Surplus Prop­erty Act, four sales involving more than $1,000,000 each.

Surplus Property Board Member Rob­ert A. Hurley, as the result of a recent study, estimates that about one-third of the government-owned machine tools qualify for sales under Regulation 6. The other two-thirds, he believes, will be more than enough to meet require­ments of other potential buyers.

On the whole, currently available in­formation is insufficient to warrant any definite estimate of the extent to which private industry will buy the surplus machine tools and other metalworking equipment which will become available in the course of time. Some of the auto­mobile companies have reported that they will not want to buy more than 5 to lo per cent of the government-owned machines in their plants. On the other hand, 28.3 per cent of the prospective buyers who responded to a questionnaire recently sent by S t e e l to companies in the metalworking industries, stated

that they propose to buy government- owned machines only in tooling up in the reconversion period.

Up to this time RFC officials in charge of disposal policies have seen no reason for departing from the Clayton formula in setting prices on machine tools. In- ■ dications to date are that prices set un­der the Clayton formula are regarded as satisfactory by the bulk of potential buyers. Demands for lower prices have come chiefly from dealers interested in rebuilding tire tools and selling them with new-tool guarantees.

The RFC of late has been using the appraisal method of setting prices on equipment not covered by tire Clayton formula. It appoints an appraisal board to set prices on the machines in question, and the prices recommended by the board are accepted as final. The RFC has abandoned the practice of selling machine tools and other machinery by auction sales. This method was found to yield prices which were too high in some cases and too low in others.

Although only a small fraction of the government-owned surplus equipment so far has become available, it already is clear that headaches will develop in connection with surplus special-purpose tools. The RFC regional offices now have listed some 17,000 special-purpose tools for which there are no takers. It seems only a matter of time when much of this special-purpose equipment will have to go to the scrap pile.

Production Quotas on Autos M ay Be Raised

Ceiling on passenger car production— now about 245,000 for the last half of this year and 450,000 in the first quarter of 1946—will be raised when more ma­terials become available, Henry P. Nel­son, automotive co-ordinator for the War Production Board, announced last week after a meeting with the Auto Industry Advisory Board.

Likelihood that rationing of new cars to essential drivers may be ended by next January was held out by the WPB.

Materials, including steel sheet and strip, textiles, bright plating materials, tires and some other essential items, are extremely scarce at present, but Mr. Nel­son said "we expect the next 60 days to make a great change in the materials pic­ture.”

Possibility that the auto industry would be authorized to start a large ex­pansion program this summer was also considered by die advisory committee and the WPB said that decision on the expansion would be reached soon. He asked the industry officials to submit es­timated cost and location data of pro­posed new plants and branch factories, but warned that no priority assistance would be granted if approval is given.

Presses equipped with automatic feed and conveyors speed motor production at Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh

M ’ 16, 1945 89

L A B O R S U P P L Y

Cutbacks Easing Manpower Supply; Displaced Men Being Reabsorbed

O n ly 53 la b o r a reas rem a in in N o . 1 c r i t ica l sho rtage g ro u p . Further easing expec ted . Selective Service to t igh ten po lic ies on o c c u p a t io n a l ly -d e fe r re d men in 18-29 ag e b racke t . M a y take key men in p lan ts reconve r t ing to c iv i l ian p rod u c t io n

WAR production cutbacks are com­ing through on an increasing scale and indications point to a steady easing in the manpower situation over die remain­der of the summer.

So far the unemployment slack occa­sioned by diese order cancellations has been promptly taken up in most war production areas, in some of which labor shortages still are being experienced. However, indications are the number of Group 1 labor shortage areas will decline rapidly from now on.

The July report of the War Man­power Commission on the adequacy of labor supply, measured against demand, showed that of the 302 classified areas in the country, 53 remain in Group 1 compared with 66 a month ago. Expecta­tions are die number will be still fur- dier reduced before the end of the sum­mer.

While the labor supply generally will ease, many metalworking industries face the loss of key men in the younger age brackets to the armed services. Present plans of the Army and Navy are to call up 90,000 men a month and to reduce the number of occupational deferments in the 18-29 age group. When various agencies recently requested the con­tinued deferment of 325,000 key men, Selective Sendee countered with a de­mand that the total be cut to 260,000 and announced it will limit deferments to that figure when it rescreens these re­quests early in August. The war agencies have been instructed to ask only for de­ferment of men engaged on war work. No needs in connection with the recon­version programs will be honored. No deferments will be made in plants whose war contracts have been terminated.

Ammunition Cut

Last week as a further readjustment of the Army’s production program, the War Department announced cuts in the manufacture of miscellaneous ammuni­tion items affecting 110 plants scattered throughout the country. These are in addition to cutbacks announced at Chi­cago within the past three weeks.

Following a one-day meeting at Cleve­land it was announced that, out of the 110 plants, only 25 are involved to the extent of releasing 50 or more employes. It is estimated that not more than 3050 workers will be affected between now' and Oct. 15 in plants of prime contrac­

tors. However, no estimate is avail­able as to the total number of workers affected in plants of subcontractors.

Immediate steps are being taken by WMC to direct workers affected by the readjustments into other vital pro­duction jobs in their own areas.

Representatives of the Army, Navy, W ar Manpower Commission, War Pro­duction Board, Smaller War Plants Corp., and the Maritime Commission, sitting as the Production Readjustment Com-

55,000 IDLEMore than 55,000 workers were

idle throughout the country last week in strikes resulting from a wide variety of causes, many of which reflected the uneasiness of labor over prospects during the re­conversion period. Some of the strikes were causing a loss of crit­ical war materials and others were disrupting the flow of food and essential civilian services.

Two strikes at the South Works of Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp. be­tween June 30 and July 6 resulted in a loss of production of 23,000 tons of steel. The strikes brought to 202 the number of stoppages in Carnegie-Illinois plants in the Chi­cago district since Pearl Harbor.

mittee of the War Production Board, approved the readjustments prior to their announcement.

It was pointed out that while 110 plants were affected in varying degrees by the readjustment only six received complete cancellation of their contracts. Large potential capacity for the manu­facture of the affected items will be retained by most of the plants so that immediate full-scale manufacture may be resumed without delay to meet possi­ble emergency needs in the future.

Following are plants where it is esti­mated 50 or more employes will be re­leased between now and Oct. 15: Mad­dox Foundry', Archer, Fla., 50; Linderme Tube Co., Cleveland, 150; Cleveland Welding Co., Cleveland, 300; Lloyd Mfg. Co., Menominee, Mich., 80; Sim­mons Co., Elizabeth, N. J., 100; Chas.D. Briddell Inc., Crisfield, Md., 65; Re­vere Copper & Brass Co., Rome, N. Y.,

125; Kingston Products, Kokomo, Ind., 175; Continental Die Casting Co., De­troit, 200; Kyle Corp., So. Milwaukee, 65; Kennedy-VanSauen Mfg. & Eng. Corp., Danville, Pa., 151; U. S. Ma­chine Corp., Lebanon, Ind., 135; Colum­bia Electric Co., Spokane, Wash., 50; Electric Products Consolidated, Seattle, 120; Industrial Aircraft, Los Angeles, 50; Allen-Wales Adding Machine Corp., Ith­aca, N. Y., 90; Kane Products Inc., Shel­ton, Conn., 50; Iron Fireman Co., Port­land, Oreg., 60; Cavalier Corp., Chatta­nooga, Tenn., 50; Century Engineering Co., Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 140; Bean Mfg. Co., Webster City, Iowa, 80; Cen­tral Can Co., Chicago, 50; Associated j Mfg. Co., Waterloo, Iowa, 100; Texas j Steel Mfg. Co., Fort Worth, Tex., 150; Budd Wheel, Detroit, Mich., 50.

While the manpower situation has im­proved in certain areas of the Ohio- Michigan-Kentucky region during the last month, it is still serious in the re­gion as a whole, there being a current shortage of more than 15,000 workers for the most urgently needed war sup­plies. In addition, 30,000 workers are needed by other essential industry.

Latest reports showed that die total employment of essential industry in tic region was 1,864,000. This figure rep- j resents a net reduction of 54,000 from the preceding month, most of the reduc­tion being reported in Michigan.

Ohio Situation TightReport of die most urgent, or “must,

war production employers show a short­age of 15,000 workers compared with the peak “must” shortage of 19.0CW during April. More than four-fifths d this shortage is reported by war plants in Ohio alone.

There was a sharp rise in the total J number of new and continued unemplov-; ment compensation claims during d'e week ended June 16. This total ",aS52,000, compared with 35,000 fo® weeks earlier. The increase in claims j was largest in Michigan.

During the past six weeks changes have been made in the classification of10 labor market areas in the regio°- Lima, Mansfield, Toledo and Fostoria,O., as well as Pontiac, Mich., "’ere changed from Group I to Group H areas; Detroit was changed from Group;11 to Group III and later to Group I'i Grand Rapids and Muskegon, Mid - i changed from Group I to Group Zanesville, O., from Group II to Group III and Cincinnati from Group Id 10 Group II.

On the Pacific Coast desperate netfj for ship repair workers continues. P;l® V. McNutt, WMC chairman, last reported that while approximately craftsmen had been hired through u'ter‘ regional recruitment during June, equal number cf workers still is urgent!.' needed for ship repair yards.

Meanwhile, employment is report^

90 f T E Et

S A F E T Y

Drive Launched To Cut Accident Rate in Structural Steel Field

dropping in Los Angeles area war plants at a rate of more than 15,000 monthly, with some 8000 of the total women workers.

Layoffs in the aircraft industry jumped from 14 per 1000 in April to 51 in May, the Labor Department reported last week. The rate rose from 17 to 29 in tlie aircraft parts and engine industry.

Shortage of labor in steel plants con­tinues to hamper production at various points. In the Youngstown district, for example, the manpower shortage is con­sidered the top hazard to -sustained mill operations. Some relief is being af­forded mills in the district through the employment of schoolboy laborers over the summer.

At Birmingham the shortage of mill labor may force a serious curtailment in production by the Tennessee Coal, Iron k Railroad Co. More than 2000 addi­tional workers are urgently needed in various departments. Robert Gregg, president, states 1330 men are needed immediately in the ore mines, 450 in manufacturing departments and 350 in coal mines. Part of the company’s crit­ical manpower situation is attributed by Mr, Gregg to absenteeism.

New U.S. Steel Conciliation Board Headed by Blumer

New Board of Conciliation and Arbi­tration for tire five steel producing sub­sidiaries of the TJ. S. Steel Corp., created under and provided for by the March

1945, labor agreement between the companies and the United Stetelworkers of America, is made up of Dr. Herbert Wumer, professor of sociology, Univer­sity of Chicago, as public member; Gene Maurice, CIO official, as union repre­sentative; and Walter J. Kelly, manager M industrial relations, Tennessee Coal «on & Railroad Co., as company mem- oer. Tlie board will begin to function in Pittsburgh, where it has its headquarters, Job 15 with Dr. Blumer as chairman.

frtfon Buys Government ^ant a t Massillon, O.

Negotiations have been completed for of an RFC-owned steel plant at Mas-

1 °n. O., to the Eaton Mfg. Co., Cleve- an<f- The plant will continue to be op­erated by the company in production of bullet core steel rods in the war program jrrrhl its facilities are no longer needed or that or other war purposes, at which ~ne it will be used for non-war produc- “on by the company. Tlie purchase Price is $291,302 cash.

The agreement providing for the dis­posal of tlie Massillon property, is the second to be announced by RFC this aronth. The earlier announcement cov­ered the leasing of additional space in me government-owned Bustleton (Pa.) Pant operated by the E. G. Budd Mfg. Lo-, Philadelphia.

FINAL plans for a concerted drive on production delaying accidents in the fabricated structural steel industry were drafted recently at a meeting of employer associations, labor organizations, and safety service agencies in the Department of Labor. The drive will officially open Aug. 1.

The industry ranked as the fifteenth most hazardous in the country, with an accident occurrence rate 75 per cent above the average for all manufacturing. In addition, the seriousness of tlie re­sultant injuries, as measured in days lost per thousand hours of work, was double the average. The 6700 injuries during that year cost tlie nation some four and a half million hours of pro­duction time, including estimated future losses resulting from deaths and per­manent disabilities.

Management paid over a million dollars for compensation and medical expenses, and the addition of such indirect costs as damage to machinery, plant and equip­ment, and time lost by other workers, raised the total to some $5,500,000. The wage loss to injured workers totaled more than half a million dollars.

Tlie Division of Labor Standards will

direct tlie activities of its 600 volunteer safety agents, serving at a dollar-a-year under tlie war safety program, to safety in fabricated structural steel during the 5-month period—August through Decem­ber, 1945. In addition, tlie division is preparing a series of printed pamphlets, one each for management, supervisors and workers, for distribution by its safety agents and members of co-operating agencies.

Co-operating in the drive are: TheNational Association of Miscellaneous Oniamental Iron Manufacturers, and the Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute, representing management; tlie United Steelworkers of America (CIO) and the International Association of Bridge, Structural and Ornamental Iron Workers of America (AFL), representing labor and tlie following safety and service agencies: American Mutual Alliance,American Red Cross, American Standards Association, Chamber of Commerce of the United States, Industrial Safety Equip­ment Association, National Bureau of Standards, National Conservation Bureau, National Fire Protection Association, National Safety Council, Department of Commerce, and Public Health Service.

T r a n s i t i o n T o p i c s

RA ILRO A D S Accelerating traffic movement to the West, combined withincrease in civilian goods shipments accompanying reconversion, imposes heavy burden on carriers. Necessitates efficient use of equipment, less de­lay in.loading and unloading, and restrictions on less essential traffic. See page 83.

SH EET S U P P L Y — Shortage of sheet and steel strip looms as serious ob­stacle to early reconversion. W ar Production Board moves to spread avail­able supplies as far as possible. See page 86.

M A C H IN ERY — Mechanical presses and allied sheet metalworking equip­ment backlogs are heavy and deliveries far extended, threatening equipment bottleneck in reconversion plans. See page 88.

LA BO R— Manpower supply becoming easier as munitions cutbacks in­crease. Strikes continue to keep many plants idle. Selective Service tighten­ing policy on occupational deferments for men in 18-29 age bracket. See page 90.

TA XES— Government fiscal policy viewed by secretary-designate of treasury as means for regulating national economy. See page 92.

A U T O M O B ILES Passenger car quotas may be increased. End of ra­tioning of new cars seen possible by beginning of 1946. Ford hopes to sample all dealers by Labor Day. See pages 89, 99.

W EST ER N STEEL PLAN TS— Commerce Department recommends war-born plants be leased to small companies for as long as 20 years. Action would require new legislation as present surplus property law limits leases to five years. See page 105.

H ’ 16, 1945 91

W I N D O W S o f W A S H I N G T O N

Vinson Sees Tax Law Changes as Aids to Reconversion, Employment

Secretary of t reasu ry -des igna te believes governm ent 's f iscal p o l ic y can be used to re gu la te economy. W o u ld appra ise each ty p e o f ta x a n d each ty p e o f e xpend itu re in terms o f n a t io n a l economic consequences

ANNOUNCEMENT of the forthcom­ing appointment of Fred M. Vinson, now director of the Office of W ar Mobilization and Reconversion, to be secretary of the treasury has focused attention on Mr. Vin­son’s views of postwar taxation and fiscal policy. These were set forth in his recent report to Congress and the Presi­dent in which he called for moderni­zation of the tax structure as “the founda­tion of our entire program to reach and maintain full employment after the war.”

After the war, government revenue needs will be three times what they have ever been in peacetime, Mr. Vinson pre­dicts.

“The federal tax structure will, there­fore, be a far greater factor in the eco­nomic health and stability of our nation than ever before. I believe the following principles should guide us in constructing our tax program:

"1. Taxes should be levied in such a way that they have the least harmful ef­fect on the expansion of business invest­ment and the creation of jobs, because productive employment is the source of our standard of living, of all income, and of the revenue which the government col­lects from taxes.

“2. Taxes should be levied in such a way that they have the least harmful ef­fect on the maintenance of mass markets and mass purchasing power because that is the basis of business, labor, and agri­cultural prosperity.

“3. Taxes must be fair among people.“4. Tax policy should be integrated

with a fiscal policy designed to prevent inflation and deflation.”

Broad Income Tax Base

Acceptance of these principles, accord­ing to the secretary-designate, means that the personal income tax must be the chief source of revenue and the base must be broad. He believes that sales and excise taxes should be eliminated as far as pos­sible, as they place a hidden tax burden on those with low incomes and also re­strict markets for business.

Excess profits tax, says Mr. Vinson, should be repealed after V-J Day. Taxes on business earnings should be modified, bearing in mind, on the one hand, tlis revenue needs of the government and, on the other hand, the incentive for risk- taking and expansion to be gained by the modification.

Mr. Vinson’s statement indicates a de­sire for passage of a postwar tax bill as

early as possible. “The sooner uncertain­ties in postwar tax structure are removed the sooner business management will be inclined to make firm commitments for expansion and the faster men can be put back to work following the wholesale cancellation of contracts that will occur with the unconditional surrender of Ja­pan.”

Steps toward revising the tax laws al-

FRED M. V IN SO N

ready have been taken by the House which recently approved and sent to the Senate a bill designed to speed recon­version. The bill chiefly will aid small business firms. Specifically the bill pro­vides:

1. Increase in the excess profits tax specific exemption from $10,000 to $25,- 000, effective with the beginning of the 1946 tax year. Tax experts estimate this will reduce excess profit obligations in 1946 by SI60 million.

2. The postwar credit of 10 per cent of the 95 per cent excess profits tax be taken currently with respect to tax lia­bility of 1944 and subsequent years, re­ducing tax payments in 1945 on 1944 liabilities by about $830 million and in 1946 with respect to 1945 liabilities by about $710 million.

3. Advance to Jan. 1, 1946, the ma­turity" date of outstanding excess profits tax postwar refund bonds, hastening the

availablity of $1.3 billion that otherwise would be paid from two to four years j after the end of the war.

4. Speed up refunds resulting from carrybacks of net operating losses and of unused excess profits credits. Under the present law these refunds, amounting to $1 billion, would be paid over an in­definite period from 1947 to 1950.

5. Hasten refunds resulting from the recomputation of deductions for amorti­zation of emergency facilities, affecting perhaps $1.7 billion otherwise to be re­funded over an indefinite period.

The tax bill passed by the House is intended as an interim measure and on the whole is estimated to improve the cash position of business by $5.5 billion.

While most business observers found some encouragement in his expressions Oil modernization of the tax structure, there were numerous raised eyebrows over his theory that the government’s fiscal policy should be used to turn on or off the spigot of private expenditures by increasing or reducing public spending.

Outlining the fiscal policy, he says: “The postwar federal budget will be

large. It is reasonable to expect that the government will be spending, on the aver­age, about $25 billion a year, about three times the prewar budget. Tax receipts will be far larger than ever before. The legacy of the war—in debt, obligations to veterans, and maintenance needs of the armed forces—accounts for most of the increase. Also, we shall want to enjoy some of our increased national income in the form of increased public services.

Budget Must Be Managed“The management of a budget of this

size will have a tremendous influence oil the level and stability of the whole economy. Whether or not to manage the budget is no issue. It must be managed. But a budget which is entirely the result of unco-ordinated consideration of partic­ular projects and policies can have per­verse effects upon the economy as a whole.

“We need to consider and formulate a total budget in relation to the total eco­nomic situation. A fiscal policy developed J on this basis can stimulate private ex­penditures either by reducing taxes or increasing public spending whenever ; private spending appears inadequate to ; sustain full employment. It can raise taxes or reduce government spending whenever the level of private spending threatens inflation. Further, each type tax and expenditure must be appraise“ in terms of economic consequences.

“On the expenditure side of the budget the item most susceptible to flexible pk*n' ning is public works. Expenditures tor most other government functions canno be varied greatly. But both the ag­gregate volume of useful public wort' over long periods and the year-to-ypjr timing may be adjusted over a consider­able range without sacrifice of efficiency or utility.

“Appropriate use of budgetary pouO

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AMERICAN MONORAIL CRANEHandles large center section of B-29 WingThe above photograph shows a six ton center wing section of a B-29 being lifted 25 feet in the air and covering a distance of 85 yards — completely handled by crane cab operator.

This is another example of the overall application of American MonoRail cranes. This long span crane in many respects resembles an overhead railway system, all movement being controlled by the operator in the cab.

Regardless of the weight and type of overh ead h a n d lin g n eed ed , American MonoRail Engineers are

qualified to solve your problems. Their services are given gladly and w ith o u t o b lig a t io n . W e in v it e your inquiry.

t h e a m e r i c

13102 ATHENS AVENUE « CLEVELAND 7, OHIO

H- 16, 1945 93

W I N D O W S o f W A S H I N G T O N

CONGRATULATIONS: Secretary of State James F. Byrnes receives thecongratulations of President Truman after being sworn into office. Left to right: Edward R. Stettinius, Mr. Byrnes' predecessor; Sen. Kenneth McKellar, president pro tern of the Sencte; Secretary of W ar Henry L Stimson; Mr. Byrnes; Robert Hannegan, postmaster general; and Presi­

dent Truman. NEA photo

for economic stabilization will require im­provement of existing techniques for fiscal planning. The administration must be prepared to submit a government budget framed and analyzed in relation to the total national budget; the Congress must be equipped to consider and, if necessary, revise the budget on same basis. The Full Employment Bill, which I have en­dorsed in principle, establishes a me­chanism for discharging this necessary' function of government— budgetary plan­ning—in a way which will help fulfill the necessary responsibility of government, full employment.”

Consolidation o f Various RFC Subsidiaries Effected

Signing of the Reconstruction Fi­nance Corp. “merger law” by President Truman is described by Federal Loan Administrator John W. Snyder as an im­portant step toward simplification of RFC.

Consolidation of certain subsidiaries into RFC itself became effective July 1. It provides for the absorption by hFC of the following subsidiaries: Rubber Reserve Co., Metals Reserve Co., De­fense Pla..t Corp., Defense Supplies Corp., Disaster Loan Corp.

Tnese RFC subsidiaries were, with the exception of Disaster Loan Corp., created for purpose of national defense and war production.

“Consolidation of the subsidiaries into RFC, the parent corporation, in addition to simplifying operations may reasonably be expected to result in some economy,” Mr. Snyder said.

“The management of their activities will remain in the board of directors of RFC, the members of which" have pre­viously served as the directors of the subsidiary corporations.

“All outstanding contracts of the sub­sidiary units and all new contracts which may be necessary will be administered by substantially the same personnel as at the p re s e t time, although this per­sonnel henceforth will be acting directly for RFC ii stead or acting for the sub­sidiaries. Thus, there will be no i..ter- ference in the flow of strategic materials and other critical supplies a^d equip­ment essential to the successful prosecu­tion of the war against Japan.”

Authorization at the beginning of this year by the subsidiary' corporations, to­gether with RFC direct commitme-ts for war purposes of approximately $2.6 bil­lion, have amounted in round numbers to S32 billion. Disbursements have been in excess of $18 billion. Repayments of loans and advances, collection of rentals and part payments on plants and equip­ment, and proceeds of sales of materials, etc., have been approximately $9 billion. The disbursement figure includes $1.4 billion for direct subsidy payments, under section 2 (e) of the Emergency Price Control Act of 1942, as amended, to increase or maintain production of

94

materials defined by the President to be strategic or critical. However, this latter figure does not include losses arising from the purchase and sale of such materials.

Merchant Pipe Resale Prices Revised by OPA

Resellers of pipe who furnish threaded and coupled line pipe 8 inches and larger to fill orders for merchant pipe may charge the higher line pipe selling prices, Office of Price Administration ruled re­cently. The line pipe price, which is higher than the price of merchant pipe, may not be charged, however, un1 ess the pipe offered for sale meets the line pipe specifications.

WPB Approves 1120 Projects For Industrial Reconversion

W ar Production Board has approved 1120 new applications for preferential ratings for construction and equipment materials necessary' for industrial recon­version, totaling $199,524,000. These were granted from April 1 through June 29 under Priorities Regulation 24 and Direction 5 to order L-41.

As of June 29, iron and steel product industry had 257 applications approved to the total value of $30,319,000, of which amount $11,825,000 was for construction and $18,494,000 for equipment. Auto­mobile and equipment industry' had 257

approved applications amounting to [' $i 28,765,600, of which amount588.000 was for construction and $9*4 ‘177.000 for equipment. Machinery (othej than electrical) industry ranked third with 231 approved applications at a total [ value of $25,309,000, of which airuM $7,841,000 was for construction and $b>‘ !468.000 for equipment.

Alien Property Custodian To Sell O re, Chemical Firm

Office of Alien Property Custodian toj invited sealed bids for the purchase of a the outstanding stock of Ore & Chcnuc Corp., New York, and for 3.89 per of the capital stock of Pembroke Cbcnu cal Corp., Pembroke, Fla. Bids will received until noon, Aug. 10. Ore Chemical Corp. is engaged in the i® j portation and exportation of cherni«~; pharmaceuticals and drugs, and in operation of a mill in Colorado for concentration of nonferrous metal ore- Pembroke owns and exploits bearing lands in Florida.

ODT District O ffic ia ls To A llocate Light Trucks

Effective Aug. 1, district managers 0j | the Office of Defense Transportation " j have full authority to allocate light an, j medium trucks and to issue certificates o> | transfer without forwarding requests | the ODT allocation section in Washing1 1 for approval, as is done now.

/ T E £t

W I N D O W S o f W A S H I N G T O N

Federal Statute of Limitations Urged by Manufacturers' Group

Constantly ch a ng in g ru lings a n d in te rp re ta t ions b y a d m in is t ra ­tive bodies a n d courts increase d a n g e r o f re troac t ive l iab i l i t ies under fe d e ra l laws. W a r em ergency has co m p lica ted p ic tu re and increased need fo r correct ive action

NEED for a uniform federal statute »f limitations to protect business and industry from heavy penalties and dam­ages which now may be made retro­active over long periods was stressed Wore House Judiciary subcommittee ifcently by Raymond S. Smethurst, coun- iclfor the National Association of Man­ufacturers.Mr. Smethurst testified before the com­

mittee in hearings on H. R. 2788, in- troduced by John W. Gwynne (Rep., Iowa), which would limit the time in »'bch private actions based on federal la"’ could be instituted to one year and

time in which public action could Fc brought to two years.

This bill, or some modification of it, hs been widely endorsed by business ®d industry. If enacted it would ma­terially reduce payments exacted from business enterpr.ses under the “liqui- hted damages” principle under which ■4 courts customarily award double the Mount of the damages plus attorney’s ees.The bill is intended particularly to

Meet employers from excessive dam- ifcs assessed under the Fair Labor ‘Jndards Act of 1938 although it also

apply to many other recent fed- acts.

Would Affect 17 Federal Laws

..According to Representative Gwynne [' different federal laws would be af- “tted by such a statute of limitations «ause these laws grant public or pri- “s rights of action b u t do not co"tain V period of lim itation w ithin w hich “* action m ust be brought.Among the more important laws af-

ęted would be the Sherman Antitrust 4, the Webb Export Act, the Federal

Commission Act, the Securities phange Act of 1934, the Fair Labor Mards Act of 1938, the Public Con- ■!cts Act of 1936 and the Surplus Prop- % Act.,The multitude of federal laws and

ever-changing interpretations and 'Stations issued under these laws have

it impossible for many businesses, Wally small companies, to keep ab-

of them. Consequently, unwitting ¡«tions are common and any of these A create a liability for damages, p . Smethurst summarizes the views I fte manufacturers’ association as p\vs:Many of the regulatory laws of the f decade permit assessment of heavy

penalties upon business and industry. Time and again these liabilities atfach retroactively to conduct wnich was law­ful at the time, but which is later made unlawful by constantly changing rulings and interpretations of administrative bodies and the courts.

Corrective legislation is vitally needed, especially for smah units in business and industry who do not have the financial resources to withstand such heavy and unanticipated liability. This is partic­ularly true as we emerge from the war, during which many of these potential liabilities have increased in d.rect pro­portion to the high level of wartime em­ployment and the pressure exerted to ‘‘get the job done.”

H. R. 2788 offers a partial corrective by providing that these heavy penalties cannot continue to accrue indefinitely. The bill does not meet the equally serious need for reducing liabilities which may already have accrued ur.der recent ad­ministrative rulings and judicial decisions.

It is recommended therefore that the bill be amended: To include actions for

penalties or wage adjustment not now clearly covered; to reduce the period within wnich such private or public ac­tions must be brought; to provide the same treatment for actions which have already accrued, in whole or in part, as is provided for future claims or actions.

If the committee decides, for reasons of law or policy, that a reasonable time should be allowed for filing of accrued actions, we urge that such period should not exceed 90 days, and as to such ac­tions, that a maximum period of recovery be provided not to exceed a period of one year prior to the effective date ot the limiting statute.

Industry is now facing a difficult pe­riod of reconversion. Uncertainty in the laws, with unknown and retroactive penalties for unintentional violations, can seriously .jeopardize and impair busi­ness assets so vitally needed to plan and prepare for peacetime production and jobs. Enactment of a limiting statute could provide an important and needed stimulant to postwar business venture and risk-taking.

Steel Requirements fo r Construction in 1945 Gain

Quantities of construction materials re­quired in 1945, as estimated by the War Production Board, and actual consump­tion in 1944, respectively, are in part as follows in short tons: Cast iron, 384,000 and 392,400; steel, 2,692,000 and 2,067,- 000; steel plate, 341,000 and 285,600; copper, 28,28o and 29,616; lead, 32,538 and 37,784; zinc, 8934 and 10,370.

N EW UNDER SECRETARY: Artemus L. Gates, former assistant secretary of navy, is sworn in as under secretary by Rear Adm. T. L. Gatch. Watch­ing are Fleet Admiral E. J. King, second from left, Mrs. Gates, and Secre­

tary of Navy James V. Forrestal, right. NEA photo

i? 16, 1945 95

W P B - O P A

P R I O R IT I E S - A L L O C A T I O N S - P R I C E SSummaries of revocations of and amendments to orders and regulations; official interpretations and directives, issued by W a r Production Board and Office of Price Administration

REVOCATIONSE L E C T R IC IRO N S: O rder L -65-n , w hich

controlled production o f e lectric irons, has been revoked. W PB w ill continue to Rive priorities assistance for production in the th ird qua rte r on the sam e level as in the first and second quarters, providing for the m anufac tu re of abou t 500 000 irons in the quarte r. Production above th a t am ount m ust be achieved w ithou t p rio ri­ties assistance. (L -6 5 -a )

T IR E CHAINS: O rder L -201 , w hich lim ited types, sizes an d am ounts of au tom otive tire chains, trac to r t r e chains, and chain parts, has been revoked. (L -2 0 1 )

FA R M M ACHINERY: Orders L -2 5 7 and L -257-a , w hich contro lled p roduction of farm m achinery and equipm ent, have been revoked. (L -2 5 7 , 257 -a)

TO O L ST E E L : O rder M -21-j, w hich lim ited the purchase of tools w ith a h igh tungsten con­ten t, has been revoked. (M -21-j)

D IA M O N D D IE S: O rder M -181, w hich con­tro lled allocation of diam ond dies, has been revoked. (M -181)

M ILK CANS: O rder M -200. w hich restric ted m anufac tu re o f fluid m ilk shipping containers an d covers by spccifioati'm s and s teel content, lias been revoked. (M -200)

AMENDMENTSC O N T R O L LE D M ATERIA LS: A steel pro-

ducer will no t have to defer an un ra ted order o r a “ Z ” o rder on his production schedule in favor of a regu lar au thorized contro lled m a­te ria l o rder a fte r expiration of th e “ lead tim e." unless specifically d irected to do so by W PB. T h e lead tim e for steel, under CM P No. 1 as am ended , in the several listed contro lled m a­terials forms and shapes have been shortened to 30 days, except for the lead tim es on cold-draw n tub ing and w ire rope, w hich have been shor­tened to 60 days.

R eference to a reseller of contro lled m a­terials has been elim inated from direction 48 to CM P regulation I . T h e am ended d irection now refers only to purchases or sales of con­tro lled m ateria ls by an interm ediary.

Procedures to be followed by copper w ire m ill w arehouses in replacing , establishing and in ­creasing stocks have been set forth in d irection 4 to CM P regulation 4 . C opper w ire m ill w are­houses a re no longer requ ired to file form 3009 , except w hen specifically instructed to do so by W PB.

T he ra ting AA-1 m ay now b e used to ob­ta in m aintenance, repa ir and operating supplies by textile m achinery producers. T his was p ro ­v ided in am endm ent 5 to CM P regu lation 5. (C M P Nos. 1, 4 , 5 )

H A N D SERV ICE TO O LS: Restrictions on production and delivery of m echanics ' h and ser­vice tools have been relaxed. L ist of tools covered by th e o rder has been reduced and now includes, in exhibit A: M etal cu tting snips and shears, slip and solid join t p liers, all types of screw drivers, and the following w renches: A djustable auto , ad justab le 2 2 ^ -d e - gree angle, box, m onkey, open and com bina­tion box, p ipe, socket and driv ing units.

Ball pein ham m ers, cold chisels and punches, m etal cu tting files, m etal w orking punches, p iston com pressors, ring groove cleaning tools, spring testers, tool boxes and valve spring com ­pressors have been rem oved from th e list.

T he AA-5 ra ting floor a t the producers level fo r the industry has been rem oved. Effective Aug. 1, form W PB 547 (d is tribu to rs ' stock set- aside) has been e lim inated. A fter th a t d a ta .

X>roducers w ill be perm itted to schedule up to 25 p e r cent of total m onthly p -o d u c tirn of eri-'h item listed on exhibit A for delivery on un ra ted orders, even though they m ay have unfilled ra ted orders for these types of tools. A p ro ­ducer who does no t have enough ra trd orders to take u p 75 i>er cent of his total m onthly In d u c t io n in any m onth may deliver more than 25 per cent on unrated orders. D eliveries of un ra ted orders in excess of 25 irer cent, how ever, m ay be m ade only in accordance w ith PR -1, w hich requires th a t ra ted orders be filled first.

On Aug. 1. all ratings assigned on form W PB -547 or C anadian form PB -1010 for item s on exhib it A will he canceled a*xl ’•°tinr*s - ill no longer he assigned on these forms. O ut­s tand ing ratings for export a re also canceled on that d a te except w here the tools a re p ro ­cured by a U nited States governm ent agency.

Restrictions on the use o f alloy steel and the 60 -day inventory lim itation on m echanics’ hand service tools have been elim inated from the order. (E -6 )

F U R N IT U R E : R estrictions on the use of m e t­a l, except steel, in the production of furniture and fixtures have been rem oved. Exem ption from steel usage restrictions is g ran ted producers m aking or assem bling no t m ore than $50,000 w orth of fu rn itu re or fixtures (m anufac tu rer’s sales prices'* a q u a rte r (in add ition to the ex­em ptions form erly gran ted). M anufacturers who are subject to L -13-b and v im ve*e granted spo t au thorization under PR -25 before July 4 , 1945. have a choice betw een m anufacturing u p to the am ount o f the au thorization , or m anufacturing up to the $ 5 0 ,000 -a-quarte r ex­em ption perm itted on fu rn itu re containing steel in am ended L -13 -b . T hey cannot do both . M anufacturers m ay apply for perm ission under PR -25 to use steel in add itional am ounts b e ­yond those perm itted u n d er the $50 ,000 lim it. (L -1 3 -b )

W A TER H EA T ER S: W ater heaters subject to provisions of the o rder controlling the d istri­bu tion of p lum bing, heating an d cooking fa­cilities have been redefined to exclude types form erly covered by o rder L -123 , w hich was revoked recently . W ater heaters as now defined are d irec t fired and indirect types. T h e defini­tion excludes ind irect w a ter heaters having a coil o r nest of tubes installed in a shell o r press vessel w ith a d iam eter la rge r than 12 inches. I t also excludes industrial and d irec t hand -fired solid fuel ho t w a ter heaters of specified tyx>es. (L -79)

PO W E R SW IT C H IN G E Q U IP M E N T : Most o f the w artim e specifications covering m anufac­tu re o f pow er sw itching equ ipm ent have been revoked. Specifications in schedule IV of the o rder covering m eta l-c lad sw itchgear and oil c ircu it breakers a re re ta ined . (L -1 5 4 )

E L E C T R IC FA N S: U nrestric ted production of electric fans w ithou t priorities assistance for the acquisition of m aterials, as w ell as lim ited Xmoduction w ith xmiorities assistance, is now p erm itted . R estrictions on d istribution of new fans rem ain in effect and apply to a ll electric fans, w hether m ade w ith or w ithou t priorities assistance. T h e previously approved quarterly jsrograms for the p roduction of 25 ,000 electric fans w ill rem ain in effect in the th ird quarter. Production of fans in excess of this am ount is pe rm itted to the extent th a t m aterials are availab le w ithou t priorities assistance. (L -1 7 6 )

FARM M ACHINERY: Farm ers now m ayapply for jireference ratings on form W PB -541 fo r assistance to rep lace and reiDainr farm m achinery and equipm nt destroyed o r dam aged by floods, w ind storm s or lightn ing in 1944 an d 1945. T he form m ust be filed w ith the county com m ittee o f the AAA. O rder L -257-c

also assigns priority to orders for hames, al­locating m ateria ls and facilities for the pro­duction o f this item . Producers of hames must m anufac tu re and fill as m any orders during each of the th ird and fourth quarters of 1945 as they p roduced during the second quar­ter. (L -257 -c )

FU R N IT U R E : Restrictions on the use of up­holstery springs in the m anufacture of fur­n itu re have been rem oved. Exem ption for small m anufacturers has been raised to $50,000 worth of x>roduction a quarte r. (L -2 6 0 -a )

E L E C T R O N IC EQ U IP M E N T : No producer now m ay m anufactu re any electronic equip­m ent except (1 ) lo fill p re frrrcd orders, (2) to fill au thorized production schedule as defined in CM P regulation 1. or (3) production specif- ically authorized by W PB u n d er PR -25. (L-265)

A U TO M O TIV E M A IN TEN A N C E EQUIP­M EN T: All controls on production and distri­bution of au tom otive m aintenance equipment have been rem oved.. P re rercnce ratings and firm allotm ents assigned for m aintenance equip­m ent m ay he used only Tor the production of item s on list B. Schedule A 'terns will be pro­duced in the future w ithout priorities assistance, Schedules B and C have been combined into one schedule, designated schedule B, since W PB considers it is r o longer necessary' to keep these items separated . (L -2 7 0 )

T IR E CH AIN S: A m endm ent of L -302 incor­porates, in a new tab le 6. the tire chain impli­cation provis*‘ons foi-medy contained in order L -201 . A llocation of p roduction betw een PD-1X and o ther orders for chain is no longer required. (L -302)

S T E E L : D irection 3 to o rd e r M -21-b-l and d irection 3 to M -21-b-2 have been revoked. T he first d irection provided a p lan to build up steel w arehouse inventories on a deterred order basis by use of a “ Z W ” sym bol. T he second d irection exem pted distributors of oil country goods from xorovisions of the order th a t requited th a t w arehouses smarting in ope-atinn after April 1, 1944, could only purchase initial steel inventories from holde-s of idle and excess stock. W arehouses, along w ith all other con­sum ers, now' are allow ed to xflaee unrated orders. (M -2 1 -b -l, M -21-b-2)

CANS: F o r paoking jmste w a ter paints, in­cluding resin em ulsions m anufacturers now may use 100 per cen t of their 1941 usage of tin p la te o r fem e p la te ca^s. instead of 60 pcr cen t as form erly allow ed. (M -81)

C O LLA PSIB LE TU B ES: E ach producer of collapsible tubes in the th ird qua-te r. may use 20 per cent as m uch lead as he used in the en­tire year of 1944. This am ount of lead per cent of 1944 usage in a sim ilar period) must cover all production , h^ th mil ¡taw and riyd’an- U nra ted orders for delivery of products directly o r indirectly to the Army, Navy. WSA. Mari­tim e Commission, V eterans Administration. j Cross. OSRD. and the Panam a C anal (includtn? Panam a R ailroad) m ust he accepted and treated as if they w ere ra ted AA-5, if certified in Ac­cordance w ith term s of o rder M -115. Tu m anufactu rers m ust m ake a t least 25 per ccn as m any tubes for pack ing m edicinal Pr0C’'c, as they m ade du ring the whole of 19 (M -115)

S C H E D U L E D PR O D U C T S: Ge.neral^driven by steam turbines, hyd rau lic turbines a** d iesel engines, soot blow ers, w ntthour me e and in tegrating electrical m eters have been _ m oved from table 8 of o rder M -293 atul ^re .] longer subject to fu tu re scheduling controls, o ther “ X " item s listed in T ab le 8. excep and a ir c ircu it breakers and m etal-clad S'VI_ _ gear, a re reduced to “ undesigna ted” j 1*7”15- ^ chasers of boilers no longer a re required ta in W PB approval before p lacing their or w ith the bo ile r m anufacturers.

O ther item s on w hich scheduling have been relaxed are: C om ponents for m ci com bustion engines b u ilt by the engine m ^ fac tu re r for incorporation in his own‘ p roduct; d iesel o r n a tu ra l gas driven geo ^ an d hydrau lic governors, except aircraft; ' types of chem icals processing equipm ent; c

W P B - O P Aand monorail system s; industria l type trans­formers, reactors and chokes, except for orders for this equipm ent p laced w ith G eneral E lectric Co. at Fort W ayne, Ind . Such transform ers now may be purchased from m anufacturers without first filing fo r approval and a fixed shipping schedule on form W PB -1682. (M -293)

TIN PLATE SCRAP: All m anufacturers who use the contents of tin cans in their m anufac­turing operations m ust ad o p t tin can salvage measures. T he used tin cans m ust be properly prepared for salvage and delivered to the local salvage collection authorities o r designated tin scrap collection dealers. (M -325)

PRIORITIES REGULATIONSPREFERENCE RATINGS: W elded coil chain

sizes ^3-inch and , under, bicycles and m etal bathtubs have been added to list B of PR-3, which invalidates all b lanket MRO ratings for all items listed. T he category “ blow ers and industrial vacuum cleaners” has been changed to “blowers, portab le e lectric hand and indus­trial cleaners,” and the defin ition of scales has been broadened to include a ll scales and b a l­ances.

Sterilizer equ ipm ent and an o rder reference as it applied to track laying trac to r rep a ir parts bave been e lim inated from list A (items th a t may be delivered w ithou t regard to any W PB stings). (PR-3)

SPECIAL SALES: M ost special sales now made be m ade freely w ithou t W PB au thoriza­tion and w ithout requ iring the buyer to apply or extend a preference rating . T he only exceptions to the relaxation of the ru le a re “special sales” of materials o r p roducts on list A (dom estic saks) and on lis t B (export) and certain o ther sales as scrap.

Diamond dies, e lectrical resistance m aterial, fractional horsepow er m otors, industria l pow er trucks and a ll except 20 of 55 restric ted types cT radio and ra d a r tubes have b een dele ted fn)m lists A and B, as was com plete electronic equipment (excluding all test m ateria l) m anufac­tured on o r-b e fo re A pril 24 , 1943, w hich is considered unlisted and m ay be sold freely. Other deletions from list A w ere bab b it and widen C ontainerboard has b een added to list A (PR-13)

CIVILIAN PR O D U C T IO N M ATERIALS: Mieies in accordance w ith w hich lim ited Priorities assistance m ay be g ran ted fo r civilian production m aterials in the U nited States and Canada during the th ird and fourth q u arte r of 1915 are set fo rth in a new regulation , Priori­ty regulation No. 28 . T he regulation also lists * number of special instances in w hich indiv i­dual aid may be g ran ted certain m anufacturers.(PR-28)

PRICE REGULATIONS, HALING W IR E : M aximum ricing form ulae

coiled bay baling wire established in order . of price schedule No. 49 are based upon

established fo r single loop bale ties. At * wholesale level, they perm it a m arkup of . fee cent over the perm issible cost an d a t

m level an add itiona l m arkup of 33 1 /3 per of the perm issible cost from a w hole-

^ (No. 49)

>PNFERROUS FO U N D RY PR O D U CT S: A alternative m ethod of de term in ing foundry

~r' and-cent ceiling prices fo r alum inum and aS S faw i airfram e sand castings has been J*ablished. Producers m ay add extras and p re-

“P15 to determ ine fob m axim um prices for «shngs of various sizes and intricacy. F o u n -

*s> if they so desire, m ay continue to use lr present “ freeze” prices, w hich generally

« the h ighest prices they charged during 3 1941, less the requ ired reduction of

cents per pound. P resen t “ freeze” prices are, Ul2 Ct> ^ prices ran SinS from $1 .07 to

per pound for m ost sellers fo r alum inum| rame sand castings, regardless of size, ¡*17 cores, in tricacy o r cost involved, and

* 7 to $2 .27 a pou n d fo r m agnesium cast- (No. 125)

lb-16, 1945

Two-Year Average Munitions Production Exceeds $5 Billion per Month, Says Krug

SINCE the summer of 1943, the Unit­ed States has produced more than $5 billion worth of munitions each month, J. A. Krug, chairman, War Production Board, said in his report to the Presi­dent on “War Production in 1944.”

In that year, the most productive in history, the country produced 96,359 planes (including 16,048 bombers), built 30,889 ships, 17,565 tanks, 595,330 Army trucks, and produced 3284 heavy field guns and howitzers, and 7454 light ones, 152,000 Army aircraft rocket launchers, 215,177 bazookas, 1,416,774 tons of ground artillery ammunition.

Mr. Krug reported that under the Controlled Materials Plan in 1944 direct military and export requirements ab­sorbed 92 per cent of the aluminum, 81 per cent of the alloy steel, 65 per cent of the carbon steel, 90 per cent of the brass mill products, 69 per cent of the wire mill products, and 71 per cent of foundry copper and copper-base alloy products. He emphasized that these figures, dramatic though they are, un­derrate the extent to which controlled materials have gone to war and stayed in war, for much of the material allotted in the first instance to domestic require­ments was actually for indirect military

and other war-supporting purposes.In addition to supplying the best

equipment in the world to the largest navy, the largest air force and one of the largest armies in the world, the nation has maintained its civilian economy in a healthy condition, he said. The Amer­ican consumer was furnished in 1944 with more goods and services than in any year since 1941.

Through the “spot authorization” plan, WPB established a sound basis for shifting to civilian production those plants whose military contracts were cut back, and for keeping the plants, with their labor forces, in stand-by con­dition, ready to switch back rapidly to meet new demands of the military.

Mr. Krug’s report called attention to many outstanding wartime produc­tion achievements in the materials field; among them, the 33 1/3 per cent in­crease in steel production between 1940 and 1944; the trebling of aluminum out­put between January, 1942, and October, 1944; the rise of magnesium production to 50 times the 1939 output; the 75 per cent increase in generation of elec­tric power between 1939 and 1944; and rise of synthetic rubber output from 8000 tons in 1941 to 753,000 in 1944.

O PA Pricing Activities for All Metals Centered in New Metals Price Branch

IRON and Steel and Nonferrous Metals Price branches of the Office of Price Administration have been merged into a new branch to be known as the Metals Price Branch, as briefly reported in the proceeding issue of S t e e l , July 9 .

Purpose of the reorganization is to center pricing activities for all metals into a single branch for closer co-ordin­ation during the industrial reconversion period, OPA said.

Warren M. Huff, former price execu­tive of the Iron and Steel Price Branch, has been named price executive of the new Metals Price Branch. Wylie McKin­non, acting price executive of the Non- ferrous Metals Price Branch, has been named associate price executive and Addison T. Cutler has been named econ­omist of the new branch. The ten sec­tions and their chiefs are as follows:

Primary and Secondary Nonferrous Metals, Kurt J. Rahlston, chief; Basic Ma­terials, Dexter Tutein, chief; Iron and Steel Scrap, C. D. Scully Jr., chief; Steel Mill Products, Russell Widmer, chief; Warehouse and Surplus Materials, (Iron

W ARREN M. HUFF

and Steel Products), E. L. Wyman, chief; Fabricated Products, W. T. Butler, chief; Ferrous Castings and Forgings, Weldon Welfling, chief; Nonferrous Castings, Joseph B. Meier, chief; Analysis and Re­ports, Frank Gutches, chief; Administra­tive, Margaret Reeves, chief.

97

C L IM A X F U R N ISH E S A U T H O R IT A T IV E E N G IN E E R IN G

D A T A O N M O L Y B D E N U M A P P L I C A T I O N S .

M O L Y B D I C O X I D E , B R I Q U E T T E D O R C A N N E D ’

F E R R O M O L Y B D E N U M * " C A L C I U M M O LYBDATE'

/ T E E 1

C l l m a x M oS O O T i f t h

MIRRORS of M O T O R D O MFord reaps m il l ion d o l la rs w o r th o f p u b l ic i ty b y be ing f irs t to in troduce p o s tw a r models o f passenger cars. D e a rb o rn p r o ­ducer hopes to have a l l 6 0 0 0 dealers stocked w ith a t least one car b y Labor D ay . M a y f l y models to W est Coast

BY CONSERVATIVE estimate, Ford Motor Co. must have reaped $1 million worth of publicity incident to the in­troduction of the automobile industry’s first 1946 models. Even though only a Iribble of cars will emerge from assem- )!y lines this month, at least they repre- ent a start, and others in the industry looked with envious eyes at the screaming headlines, photographs and lewsreels telling of the new Fords. It »as characteristic of the Dearborn pro- iuccr who somehow has always managed to capitalize the breaks when it comes to getting public attention, and even lough the elder Mr. Ford was no- svhere to be seen at any of the cere- nonies, his canny knack for making the rant pages could be felt.A. high Ford official told a group of

sewsmen that Pontiac was all set to make to first announcement of 1946 models >n the same day, and was more than 1 little disgruntled over Ford having Solsn its thunder. As a matter of fact, Snick, Olds and Pontiac are all “sitting” S Pictures and announcements of their ntcrim designs, awaiting determina- IM of GM corporation policy in this re- ;ard.ford is understood to be planning a

urther publicity coup by arranging for four-engine American Airlines trans­

i t to load a couple of the 1946 models \ the Detroit airport for shipment to- West Coast, making them the first "■v automobiles to arrive on the Coast “d tlie first new cars to be shipped by :r' Ford hopes to have all his 6000 «lere sampkd with at least one car

Labor Day, but tbs shipping problem 5 the West Coast will continue to be ■tough one, since (he assembly plant tftichnior.d, Calif., is being used as a 4 modification center by Ordnance and I3 not be released until the end of the ;!-‘fic fighting and the unit at Long

Calif., is similarly tied up. This ■;ssitates shipping from either Dallas 'Chicago, where Ford assembly plants - will be in operation, along with

■rs at Buffalo, Edgewater, N , J . , :ville, Ky., and Somerville, Mass.

■ rd as well as General Motors has "Vs made- extensive use of widely jtered assembly plants, shipping parts- subassemblies to these points for “king completed automobiles. In nor- V hues, for example, Ford assembled “• f3 per cent of his output at Dear- :a- This saves importantly on ship­'s costs, a vital factor in mass pro­ton. Chrysler and the independent

JCers suffer to some extent be- ** of this situation, but may be

given some relief - as a result of possible readjustment of freight rates following studies made by the Interstate Commerce Commission.

Postwar, an extension of decentralized assembly plants for both General Motors and Ford is in the cards. A new network of Chevrolet and Buick-Olds-Pontiac assembly units already has been drawn up and contracts let for a -number of them. Ford will build four new assembly plants, at St. Louis, Atlanta and two undisclosed cities, and for the first time will assemble Lincolns outside the local area.

The new Ford line is described as eventually including six so-called super­deluxe models and three deluxe styles, the former including two and four-door sedans, a five window coupe, sedan coupe, convertible coupe and station wagon; the latter, two and four-door sedans and a coupe. Mercury production wi.l be centered in the Lincoln p lant and will include five body styles, al­though only one or two will be built at the start, around Oct.l.

Technically, the Ford line is claimed to embody a number of improvements, headed by an increase in engine horse­power from 90 to 100 in the V-8 type. The engine, developed originally to power trucks, uses the war-developed

tri-alloy bearings of lead, silver, copper and iron, replacing the former cadmium- nickel and copper-lead bearings. How long the new type can be continued depends upon how long it is possible to obtain silver at the present price. Engine cooling system is now seared and oper­ated under 5 pounds pressure. Alum­inum pistons, with four rings, are standard and improved rear main bearing seal has been perfected.

Fuel pump has been redesigned to include a sediment bulb which can be removed for cleaning. Camshaft timing gear has been changed to aluminum for longer life. Neoprene covering has been adopted for covering ig.,ition wires. Valves have been moved outward from cylinders to permit improved Water jacketing and better cooling. Both intake and exhaust valve seats have hardened alloy steel inserts.

Valve springs are shot-psened and rustproofed for longer life, while the main leaf on each suspension spring also is shot-peened for added strength.

Virtually all parts formerly made of natural rubber are now cf the synthetic type, except for hydraulic brake cups, which are retained - in natural rubber since time has not permitted sufficient testing of tlie effects of brake fluid on synthetic rubber. Tires of course are 100 per cent synthetic, although the first models coming from the line had some old natural rubber tires made in the Ford tire plants, now dismantled. Al­though Ford engineers report one test car approaching 51,000 miles with its original set of 100 per cent synthetic

THEY'RE HERE: First 1946 Fords move off the assembly lines at Dear­born plant of Ford Motor Co. Assembly line in background is continuing

to produce light trucks

¡8,1945

( M aterial in this departm ent is protected b y copyright a nd its use in any form w ithou t permission is prohib ited)

M I R R O R S o f M Q T O R D O M

rubber tires, other proving ground tests under rough driving conditions indicate tire life far short of what was normal with natural rubber tires.

Ford brakes have been redesigned with self-centering slotted shoes, aimed at eliminating squeaks and providing a smoother stop. Eccentric anchor pins have been replaced by fixed pins to simplify replacement of linings. As be­fore, coiled spring protection is pro­vided for all vulnerable sections of hy­draulic brake tubing.

Use of aluminum alloy wire crimp in oil bath air cleaners and oil breather caps'is a new feature claimed to mini­mize the formation of varnish which was accelerated by the former copper mater­ial used. The present material is an alloy of 96 per cent aluminum and 4 per cent magnesium wire, originally developed as a wartime expedient when copper supplies were short.

So much for the new Ford, except for this final pioint, The company is making a determined effort to regain a top position in the manufacture and sale of mass transportation. Eventually it will segregate Ford, Mercury and Lincoln dealerships, much as GM has done with its various lines. A dealer will carry only one of the three lines, except in

small communities where dual representa­tion will be permitted. Obviously this will call for aggressive merchandising particularly in the Mercury and Lincoln lines. As far as manufacturing is con­cerned, Ford is well fixed with plants and personnel to carry out expansion to a daily rate of 8000 cars. Whether this record total can be sold without a con­siderable reinforcing of the company’s sales staff remains to be seen. There are some who think that as long as Ford re­mains a family ownership it will never meet thé ambitious goals being pro­jected. Certainly the younger Henry Ford has a tremendous burden of execu­tive direction thrown on his hefty should­ers. His. grandfather has gradually transferred to him practically all top authority in the plant and has retired to virtual obscurity himself.

Studebaker is spending better than $1.5 million to concentrate all its war production—now largely M-29 Weasel personnel carriers—in a single building. Involved in the project is a complete duplication of much of the equipment used in the building of this tracked vehicle, including conveyor lines, weld­ing equipment and assembly line fix­tures. Two objectives are mentioned— first, the completion of the war orders,

and second, earliest possible resumption of passenger car manufacture, dated officially as sometime after Oct. 1. The reshuffling of plant facilities is now well under way, and a four-story building formerly used for storage and driveaways concurrently is being prepared to resume i its old function.

Pontiac is reconverting its aerial tor- ! pedo plant into a service parts depot j for which it was originally built in 1942. j More than a mile of overhead con- ; veyors is being installed in the 357,000- | square foot building, with the main branch of the system extending to the sheet metal plant several hundred yards distant, permitting a continous flow oi painted sheet metal components from the sheet metal department to the ware­house. Meanwhile production of 5-inch assault rockets is continuing, and the company has expressed its willingness to continue production of 155-millimeter | shells which over the last six months have been turned out at a rate of nearly : four a minute on a 22.5-hour day, sir j days a week. Initial passenger car out- j put probably will be either two-door sedans, which also will be the case at Oldsmobile, while Buick and Cadillac likely will assemble only four-doors at | the beginning of their civilian car pro­duction program.

Replica of Tool Shop ErectedFifty per cent of the floor space at

Briggs Mfg. Co. plants has been freed of war work through cutbacks and can­cellations, principal remaining jobs be­ing Corsair fighter plane wings, B-29 bomber sub-assemblies, bulls for M-26 tanks and ambulances bodies.

Exact replica of an automotive tool ■ shop has been set u p in two 51 x 5S foot buildings at the Percy Jones General ; Hospital, Battle Creek, Mich., for the training of wounded and handicapped j veterans, through the co-operation of companies associated with the automotive ■ tool and die manufacturers association, which subscribed $20,000 in cash and an j additional $30,000 worth of equipment for j the project. In the first building are ; five lathes, four tool grinders, three drill presses, two shapers, two milling nw- \ chines, one cutter grinder, two saws, j three sets of measuring gages, micro­meters and other inspection e q u ip m e n t-

as well as a small tool crib. The second building houses a woodworking shop j for pattemmaking, and engineering rooms j where such subjects as blueprint dra"- ; ing and tool design are taught.

Continental Motors announces it is ® production on the Ford-designed tarn engine, contracts for which were sign™ late last year. About 90 per cent of me 500-horsepower V-8 engine will be manu­factured in four Continental plants, l"° , of which bad to be tooled complete) j for the job. Prospects would app6 slim this project will be continued muc | longer in view of extensive tank cut­backs.

AIDS DISABLED DRIVERS: To make driving simple and safe for Gl am­putees, automotive engineers have developed this combination of devices. Basis is a large vacuum cylinder built over the engine and working off the manifold which reduces throttle, clutch and brake effort. Control centers in a single lever mounted in the steering column directly over the conventional gear shift. For steering, a special knob, shaped for a firm grip by artificial hand or hook, swivels with rotation of the wheel. Other mechanical features are starter and light dimmer switches on the dash where they can be reached conveniently by the knees and an "eye" on

the emergency brake lever for a hook hand

100 / T E E t

STUDSS tu d s formed as integral parts of a die casting cost less than inserted studs. The need for placing separate inserts in the die is thereby eliminated—speed­ing production. For best results inte­gral studs should:1. be sufficiently large in d iam eter to provide adequate strength (a t least 54" for all except small, light castings)2. have liberal fillets where they join the casting proper (fillets can be re­cessed if, o therw ise , they p rev en t proper seating of the mating' parts)3. be threaded only when length does not greatly exceed diameter (consider the use of “speed nuts” with un-. threaded-studs)4. have countersunk or recessed ends when the latter are to be spun over at assembly

5. be cylindrical unless some specific requirement necessitates another shape.

The two zinc alloy die castings shown here illustrate the use of integrally cast studs. These two castings form one half of the grease seal for the uni­versal joints on “Jeep” front axles. Holes are cored in one casting to mate with the integral studs on the other. After a packing is inserted between the castings, the studs are easily headed over — since zinc alloy possesses good ductility.

Additional data on studs, and many other design considerations, appear in our booklet “Designing For Die Cast­ing.” To insure that you will get the most for your die casting dollar, ask us —or your die casting source—for a copy of this booklet.

THE NEW JERSEY ZINC COMPANY160 Front St., N ew York 7 , N . Y.

fhe R esearch w as d o n e , th e A llo y s w e re d e v e lo p e d , and m ost Die C astings a re s p e c if ie d w ith

HORSE HEAD S P E C I A L Z I N Cfay 16, 1945 101

M EN of INDUSTRY

HARRY A. FORD

Airport Division, supervising engineering i work in the Buffalo and Columbus, 0., plants. Mr. Vanderlipp has been : general manager • of the Buffalo Airport , plant. John J. Lee, general manager of j the Kenmore plant will also serve as | general manager of die Airport plant.

Harry A. Ford has been elected a j vice president, Maguire Industries Inc.. Bridgeport, Conn., and named general j manager of its Micro-Ferrocart Products Division. Mr. Ford founded and headed the two firms merged to form the nesv division.

L. F. Lotticr, for the past 12 years as­sistant metallurgist, Peeples Gas Light & Coke Co., Chicago, has become metallur­gist, Accurate Steel Treating Co., Chi­cago.

— o—William P. Husband Jr., former Com- j

missioner of Banks, Massachusetts, has been elected president-treasurer, Ashton j Valve Co., Cambridge, Mass. J- Motherwell succeeds Ellery Peabody a! chairman of the board. Philip H. M*Her> Tuxedo Park, N. Y., engineer at Mas» chusetts Institute cf Technology and fun j merly with General Electric Co., has been elected to the board of directors.

Archie V. Murray, executive vice pr«sl' dent, was elected president, Scaife Co., Pittsburgh, succeeding J. Verner Scant Jr., who has resigned as president but '™- retains his directorship in the conipauh j

Other officers re-elected are: A. M. Scaifei ] finance vice president; R. G. Taylor- | secretary'; J. T. Stuart, treasurer and as- j sistant secretary; R. E. Cecil, sales vie« j president; E. S. Sedlachek, sales manager j and J. M. Hopkins, general superinten- | dent.

Five men have been appointed to an operating comm'ttee to serve with R* f Cole, vice president in charge of engiu- j eering, Studebaker Corp., South B«n ! Ind.: Stanwood W. Sparrow, chief air­craft engine test engineer, now is director

/ T E E l

W alter F. Munford has been named assistant vice president, American Steel & Wire Co., Cleveland. Succeeding him as manager of operations of the Worces­ter, Mass., district is George A. Gleason who formerly was general superintend­ent of the company’s South Works in Worcester. Van H. Leichliter follows Mr. Gleason as general superintendent of the South Works. Mr. Leichliter formerly was superintendent, Wire Division, South Works to which position Harvey R. Rice has been promoted. Wade B. Ilouk has been advanced to assistant superintendent, Wire Division, South Works, to fill the vacancy caused by Mr. Rice’s promotion. Charles B. Hull, formerly works engineer at the American Steel & Wire Co.’s Cuya­hoga Works, Cleveland, has been made chief draftsman. Walter L. Longneckcr previously with the company’s rod mills at Donora, Pa., has been appointed division metallurgist of hot mills with head­quarters in the metallurgical department, Cleveland. John N. Moylan, for the past three years assistant treasurer in Chicago, is retiring after 45 yrears of service with tire company. Walter V. Farr has been elected to suceed Mr. Moylan and Samuel M. Rankin has been appointed credit manager at Chicago, succeeding Mr. Farr.

Victor V. Nordlund has been appointed assistant plant industrial engineer, sheet and tin mill, Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corp., in Gary, Ind. Mr. Nordlund formerly had been assistant to plant industrial engineer in charge of planning. He has been as­sociated with the Gary plant since 1936.

Richard P. Dodds, formerly a lieutenant colonel in the Transportation Corps, U. S. Army, has been named manager of the dealcr-commodity department, Truscon Steel Co., Youngstown, O. Before enter­ing the service Mr, Dodds was manager cf advertising and sales promotion. Paul L. Callahan, formerly assistant to Mr. Dodds, has been made manager, advertising de­partment. Ralph H. Sartor, formerly a

colonel, U. S. Army Transportation Corps has resumed his duties as sales manager, Window & Door Division.

Peter V. Martin, formerly director of industrial relations, Chicago district of Camegie-IUinois Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, will head the blast furnace and coke section, Metallurgical Division, U. S. Government Control Council in the Ger­man area. A. H. Chalmers Jr., procedure engineer for the company in Pittsburgh, will be production engineer for the fer­rous and nonferrous metals groups.

Fred A. Emm has been appointed general superintendent, Rustless Iron & Steel Corp., Baltimore. Mr. Emm hasbeen superintendent of the wire millsince joining Rustless in 1935.

John D. Tully has been appointed manager of sales, rails and accessories, Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. Mr. Tully has been connected with railroad sales in the company’s New York office since June, 1925. Murray A. Vickers, formerly of the Cleveland office, has been named to fill Mr. Tully’s post inNew York. Mr. Vickers has been con­nected with Bethieliem since August, 1924.

E. S. Wellock, for the past three years plant manager of Chevrolet Transmission Division, Saginaw, Mich., General Motors Corp., and associated with the company since 1923, has been appointed assistant general manufacturing manager in charge of Chevrolet’s 11 assembly plants. He succeeds E. C. Shaw, who has resigned.

—o---Willis L. Wells, formerly chief en­

gineer, Curtiss-Wright Corp.’s St. Louis plant, has been transferred to the Buffalo plant as chief engineer in charge of com­mercial aircraft design. Edwin A. Warren, formerly manager of contracts, St. Louis plant, has been named manager of the commercial sales department in Buffalo. Nathan F. Vanderlipp has been promoted to executive engineer of the corporation’s

WALTER F. MUNFORD G EO RG E A. GLEASO N

M E N o f I N D U S T R Y

CLEMONS H. DAVIS

of research and development; W. W. Smith, recently retired Air Technical Ser­vice Command officer, now executive engineer in charge of body design and de­velopment; S. A. Jeffries, head of military truck engineering, now chief truck en­gineer; E. M. Douglas, executive en­gineer for manufacturing and service; and11. E. Churchill, chief research engineer and assistant to Mr. Sparrow.

Clemons II. Davis has been appointed manager, Foil Division, Reynolds Metals Co., fur the Detroit, Cleveland and Pitts­burgh areas. Mr. Davis joined the Rey­nolds company in 1944 as sales repre­sentative in ihe Detroit office and has continued in that position until his re­cent appointment.

— o—Charles A. Butcher has been appointed

assistant general manager, Crocker- Wheeler Division, Ampere, N. J., of Joshua Hendy Iron Works, Sunnyvale, Calif, Mr. Butcher formerly was man­ager, Pacific Coast manufacturing and re- pair department, Westinghouse Electric Corp.

Harold W. W right, general manager, Cos Angeles Chamber of Commerce, has been elected vice president, Western States Council.

Otto Allen Owen, Berea, O., has Joined Eutectic Welding Alloys Co., Aew York, as regional field engineer.

*—o---Ralph G. Rogers, works manager, Re­

public Aviation Corp., Evansville, Ind., Plant, has accepted the position of vice President in charge of production, Ameri­can Central Mfg. Corp., Connersville, Ind.

E. E. Ratcliffe has been appointed division industrial engineer, Pacific Di- 'Ision, Continental Can Co., New York, and will have his headquarters in San mnsisco. Other plant industrial engin­

eers also named are: Stanley BLxler, Los Angeles plant; M. G. Heilberger, St. Louis plant No. 48; W. J. Nelson, St. Louis plant No. 14; Leroy Guest, Kansas

t |y 16, 1945

J . C. SULLIVAN

engineer; T. C. Zinter has been named manager of belt sales and development; Harold C. Patterson has been appointed manager of hose sales and development;R. G. Mack has joined the Latex Foam Product Division; Stewart Obilby has been assigned to chemical research on latex foam product development; Cha-lesF. Monroe has joined the Eastern Sales Division in New York; Larry Burmester has been appointed to the Pacific Coast Division, San Francisco; Frank B. Speaker has been added to the fie'd engineering staff; A. A. Beaulieu, Cambridge, Mass., has been named a district manager of hose and belt sales in the eastern central states and James Doyle has joined the sales staff in the Boston area.

J. D. Hoffman, formerly manager of sales, equipment section, is now assistant manager of the Switchgear Division, Philadelphia, General Electric Co., Schen­ectady. G. A. Gustafson has been ap­pointed construction manager, Plastics Division, Pittsfield, Mass. Mr. Gustafson, who has been manufacturing manager of that division since March, 1942, will be succeeded by L. S. Gleason.

E. G. Bailey, a vice president of Bab cock & Wilcox Co., New Y’ork, has been elected an honorary member of the In­stitution of Mechanical Engineers in Eng­land. Mr. Bailey is the fifth American to receive the honor. He has been a vice president of the Babcock & Wilcox Co. since 1930 and he founded the Bailey Meter Co., Cleveland, in 1916.

Thomas C. Barber has been appointed exclusive sales and engineering repre­sentative, Kelly Reamer Co., Cleveland, for the states of Illinois and Iowa.

New officers of the American Society for Testing Materials elected at the re­cent annual meeting of the association in­clude: J. B. Townsend, materials engineer, Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., New York, president; T. A. Boyd, head, fuel department, Research Laboratories Di­

103

R. L. HARTFORD

City p'ant; and Paul P. Pierpont, Mem­phis plant. W. W. Hodgson, chief in­dustrial engineer is located in Chicago and L. C. Walgash, assistant chief indus­trial engineer, has moved to New Y'ork.

R. L. Hartford, who has been Pitts­burgh district editor of S t e e l and other Penton publications since 1937, has been appointed assistant manager of research and promotion for S t e e l with head­quarters in the home office in Cleveland. Mr. Harlford, who has been a member of the editorial staff of S t e e l since 1936, is succeeded as Pittsburgh editor by J. C. Sullivan, who has also been a member of S t e e l ’s staff since 1936.

— o—Frank M. Maly, recently was named

sales manager for plastic presses, Baldwin Locomotive Works, Eddystone, Pa. For three years prior to joining the Baldwin company, Mr. Maly served as assistant to the vice president in charge of manu­facturing, Philip Carey Mfg. Co., Cincin­nati, and later as plant manager, chemical section, Plymouth Meeting, Pa.

Keith Williams, president, Pratt & Letchworth Co. Inc., Buffalo, has been elected chairman of the manufacturing section, Buffalo Chamber of Commerce.

Matthew J. Dennin lias been placed in charge of purchase and sales, New Steel Division, M. S. Kaplan Co., Chicago.

Edward O. Warner, for many years Philadelphia district sales manager, Na­tional Malleable & Steel Castings Co., Cleveland, is retiring from active duty. Mr. Warner has represented the company in Philadelphia as sales agent and later as district sales manager since 1909.

—o---Lester D. Bigelow, vice president,

Hewitt Rubber Corp., Buffalo, has moved to Chicago to supervise Midwest sales. Frank W. Blanchard has been promoted to factory manager in charge of all pro­duction in the company’s Buffalo plants. Clayton H. Skinner has been named chief

M E N o f I N D U S T R Y

O B I T U A R I E S . . .Charles O. Miller, treasurer, Fort Pitt

Bridge Works, Pittsburgh, died recently at his home in that city.

— 0----Alva M; Eubank, 53, superintendent of

No. 2 rolling mill, Sheffield Steel Corp., Kansas City, Mo., died July 5 in that city,

Albert C. Force, 57, assistant to presi­dent, Chicago Railway Equipment Co., Chicago, and also associated with its subsidiary, Chicago Mfg. & Distributing Co., died recently in that city. Mr. Force had been affiliated with those com­panies since 1936.

Herbert J. Winn, 74, chairman of the board, Taylor Instrument Companies, Rochester, N. Y., died at his home in

104

that city recently. Mr. Winn was elected president of the company in 1913 and was made chairman of the board in 1938.

Carl G. Olson, 70, vice president, Illi­nois Tool Works, Chicago, died July 3 in that city.

Henry P. Mueller Sr., general manager of the Century Foundry, a subsidiary of the Century Electric Co., St Louis, died recently

— o—Richard Henry Lacy, 79, president,

Lacy Mfg. Co., Los Angeles, died July 3 in Pasadena, Calif.

— o —Herbert P. Mee, 60, former vice presi­

dent, Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria,111., died July 3 at his home in Santa Barbara, Calif. He retired in March, 1937, after 17 years’ service with Cater-

pillar and its predecessor companies.

R. A. Manegold, 63, president, Dings Magnetic Separator Co., Milwaukee, died recently in that city.

Sir William Ellis, 84, former presi dent of the British Iron and Steel I"' stitute, died July 4.

Gerald A. Belardi, 29, founder and president, Liberty Engineering Co., B°s‘ coe, 111., died recently in R ochester, , Minn.

Henry D. Miles, 80, chairman, Buffalo j Foundry & Machine Co., B u ffa lo , died j July 5 in that city. Mr. Miles had been j associated with the company 45 years, j being elected president when it 'va5 f founded in 1900 and in 1943 becoming . chairman of the board.

/ T E E L

A. S. KN O IZEN W ho has been elected a director, Reliance Electric & Engineering Co., Cleveland, as

noted in STEEL, Ju ly 9, p. 92,

vision, General Motors Corp., Detroit, vice president; and the following fiye members of the executive committee: John R. Freeman Jr., L. J. Markwardt, Carlton II. Rose, L. P. Spalding and William A. Zinzovv.

— o —H. P. Van Clevc has been appointed

purchasing agent, Crown Iron Works Co., Minneapolis.

W. A. DeRidder has been elected president, Adel Precision Products Corp., Burbank, Calif., replacing H. R. Ellin- wood, resigned.

J. F. Joy, formerly director of engineer­ing, Federal Machine & Welder Co., Warren, O., has been elected vice presi­dent in charge of engineering.

Axel W. Iletlberg has been named works manager, Marion Steam Shovel Co., Marion, O. He has been associated with General Motors Research, Detroit; Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland; Briggs

J . C. LUCAS W ho is forming a management engineering de­partment, Meehanite Metal Corp., New Ro­chelle, N. Y., as noted in STEEL, Ju ly 2, p. 78.

Mfg. Co., Detroit; and recently resigned as branch manager, St. Clair Division, Parker Appliance Co., Cleveland.

0 ----Don S. Bowers has been elected presi­

dent, W. C. Norris, Manufacturer, Inc., Tulsa, Okla. Joe H. Eusticc is executive vice president.

Harry R. Clarage, Clarage Fan Co., Kalamazoo, Mich., has been elected presi­dent succeeding the late Roland R. Ware. Robert A. Wasson was elected to the board and was chosen vice president and general manager.

— o —Dr. Nelson W. Taylor has been ap­

pointed technical assistant to the direc­tor of research, Minnesota Mining & Mfg. Co., St. Paul. In addition he will continue as head of the ceramics section.

R. P. Tyler has been appointed general sales manager, Macwhyte Co., Kenosha, Wis. He formerly was sales manager, A. Leschen & Sons Rope Co., St. Louis.

W . C. SNYDER JR .W ho Is president and general manager, Con­tinental Foundry & Machine Co., Pittsburgh,

as noted in STEEL, Ju ly 9, p. 92.

Prior to 1940 he served in sales and engin- | eering capacities with John A. Roebling’s | Sons Co., Trenton, N. J. II. E. Sawyer, j who has been general sales manager as well as vice president and treasurer, Macwhyte Co., continues as vice presi­dent and treasurer.

Fred S. Gicliner Iron Works Inc., Washington, has elected the following officers: Fred S. Gichner, president;Henry Gichner, vice president; Joseph Blumenthal, secretary-treasurer, and Al­len G. Stern, assistant secretary.

— o ----George D. Gillen has been named

general manager, Panamco Ltd., New York, exporter of steel, metals and chemi­cal products.

W. W. Foster has been named sales manager of the Southwest region, Plomb Tool Co., Los Angeles. The territory Mr- Foster will supervise includes California, western Nevada, Arizona and New Men- ,

W E S T C O A S T

Steel Plant Disposal Reports Viewed Favorably in the West

Recommendations o f Commerce D e p a r tm e n t a n d Justice D e­p a rtm en t rece ived w ith g re a t in terest in a rea . S m all com panies w ou ld be leased p rop e r t ie s u nde r Com m erce D e p a r tm e n t p lan . A d d it io n o f t in p la te ca p a c i ty u rge d

SAN FRANCISCOTWO developments which may affect

disposal of war-born western steel plants have been reported from Washington recently. Both are recommendations for disposition of the surplus properties and were issued by the cabinet departments of the federal government.

The Department of Commerce pro­poses a plan whereby the facilities would be turned over to small companies on a lease basis. The Department of Justice would convert the plants to making tin plate and urges that operation be in the’ hands of western interests.

The Commerce Department plan, which is to be discussed by a subcom­mittee of the Senate Military Affairs Committee this summer, proposes that emergency-built steel plants—such as Geneva and probably Fontana—be leased for periods up to 20 years to small com­panies. The aim of such a program would be to place operation of the plants in the hands of firms which do not have sufficient cash for outright purchase. I t ■s designed primarily to keep big indus­tries from acquiring all of the excess steel plants.

It is indicated that under this proposal no federal loans would be granted for peacetime operation of the plants. How­e'er, it is believed by the department that tl'e leasing arrangement would lead to eventual sale of the facilities on an econo­mic basis. During the lease period, it is held, they would be able to build up sufficient working capital to provide the> eventual cash payment and maintain dough of a liquid asset position to continue operations. Without sufficient msh assets both for purchase and main­tenance of operations, it is believed such 'cntures by small firms would end in bankruptcy.

Would Require New Legislation

Because the Surplus Property Act now touts lease periods to five years, a new law would have to be passed by Congress to carry out the Commerce department’s 20-year lease plan.

This proposal is viewed by western industrialists as a favorable develop­ment in their effort to see the warbuilt Plants continue in western hands during peacetime. From time to time several interests have expressed a willingness to Purchase the Geneva plants, but lack °f sufficient funds has deterred any

action toward diat end. If, by chance, the lease plan should be approved, these groups probably would be given first chance at the plant over United States Steel Corp. and Colorado Fuel & Iron Corp. which at present are two foremost prospective bidders.

The Justice Department’s report ( S t e e l , July 9) is more a plan for making peacetime operation work than a proposal for disposition of the plants. It believes that the future of steel production in the West depends on conversion of the

Boy PO W ER USEDRay Krah, acting manpower di­

rector in southern California, last week called upon “boy power” to fill gaps in employment rolls in local war plants. Urging youths on vacation, ranging in age from 16 to 18, to report at once to United States Employment Service offices, Mr. Krah said that Douglas Air­craft Co. is especially in need of 1000 workers at its El Segundo plant to man assembly and instal­lation sections on the C-54 supply transports. Other war industries al­so are in need of boys, he said.

facilities to production of tin plate. The survey points out that although 20 per cent of all U. S. tinplate consumption is in the western states, before the war nearly all this market was supplied from eastern plants. The report indicates that the market exists for large-scale opera­tions, but says that certain changes in present conditions are necessary to open up the market to the western plants.

As the whole problem of surplus disposal grows larger day by day, the greater it becomes as an explosive econo­mic and political factor. As a sidelight of the potential “dynamite” being stored up was a development which occurred here a few days ago.

At the Kaiser Shipyard No. 4 in Rich­mond, Calif., new maritime equip­ment valued at $70,000 was destroyed and converted into nearly worthless scrap. According to officials the surplus equip­ment was the result of an over-purchase in the frigate-building program. It was destroyed because of a shortage of ware­house space and inability to find a civil­

ian or military market for the material.As a result of this destruction, workers

at the shipyard, who witnessed the action, threatened to cash in their war bonds and to boycott future war bond drives.

This occurrence is only a symptom and a minor example of incidents that prob­ably will be re-created many times over throughout the nation during the next few years. Most taxpayers believe surpluses should be sold to provide the government with revenue. Congress­men say that the administration should “educate” the public to understand that a great deal of war equipment will have to be scrapped. Meantime Con­gress delays in rewriting the unwieldy surplus disposal law in the fear th a t ' a worse statute will result.

Los Angeles Manufacturers Asked To List Products

The Los Angeles Chamber of Com­merce has requested local manufacturers to list their products with the organiza­tion’s World Trade Index, an itemized directory given world-wide circulation.

A parallel service of the chamber is contained in continuing studies of south, em California industries to ascertain abilities to take part in extensive post­war international trade.

Industries included in the survey are iron and steel products, nonferrous met­als and products, tools, hardware, me­chanical specialties and aircraft parts.

Many Coast Plants Expect To Add to Their Payrolls

Of 570 Los Angeles plants in war production, 219 believe they are cer­tain to add to payrolls as soon as they, can return to civilian production, accord­ing to incomplete returns from a survey by the Chamber of Commerce.

In 216 plants, facilities not required on war contracts already are being used for limited civilian goods production.

Some 640 plants not in war produc­tion replied to survey question with statements of plans for civilian produc­tion as conditions permit. OPA prices were called inadequate by 121 industries while 139 found them adequate.

Form Bank C red it Groups For Term ination Loans

Reconversion needs of southern Cali­fornia industry will be met by formation of regional bank credit groups or pools to make “termination loans,” T. W. Johnson, vice president, Security First National Bank, told a recent meeting of the Los Angeles Industrial Marketing Conference. The plan has the sanction of the American Bankers Association, Mr. Johnson said, which has pledged itself to meet the conditions attendant upon a return to civilian production.

16, 1945 105

WING TIPS---------------------------------Ma/nfencmce Division o f A i r Technical Service C o m m an d is com­plex indus tr ia l o rg a n iz a t io n , e m p lo y in g 65 ,0 00 c iv i l ian w o rk ­ers. Keeps A rm y A i r Forces equ ipm ent in t ip - to p cond it ion a l l ove r the w o r ld . Twelve re p a ir depo ts m a in ta in e d

RESPONSIBLE for maintaining Army Air Forces equipment at top standards all over the world, the Mai .ter.ance Di­vision of the Air Technical Service Com­mand is a business organization of the first magnitude.

The maintenance division returns to service all repairable equipment which can be made to meet AAF standards. It gears its production efforts into those of the aircraft industry to keep pace with ever changing demands of the air forces throughout the world.

To provide combat crews with the best equipment in the world in sufficient quantities at the right time and place, tiie maintenance division supplements the enormous demands made on the air­craft industry. Charged with the re­sponsibility of technical supervision of all AAF equipment, the maintenance division, employing 65,000 civilian workers with a monthly payroll of over $20 million, has developed into one of the largest and most complex industrial organizations in history.

During a recent month, more than10,000 aircraft engines, 500 aircraft, 89,- 457 instruments, 12,000 carburetors, 10,- .000 generators, and thousands of other items were repaired and made service­able. These figures represent a steady ircrease in production resulting from the establishment of the maintenance speci­

alization program which concentrates the overhaul of certain types of equipment in two or three depots, and the use of production line methods.

Tne maintenance division at ATSC Headquarters, Wright Field, O., super­vises the operut.on of 12 mammoth re­pair depots and the maintenance work of the Atlantic and Pacific Overseas Com­mands, at Newark, N. J. and Oakland, Calif.

The technical responsibilities of the maintenance division also include the establishment of maintenance, repair, modification and rec'.amat on procedures and instructions on all AAF equipment. This technical supervision is based on “in satisfactory reports” which are sent in to ATSC Headquarters each time a failure occurs in any part or item of AAF equipment anywhere i.i the wor d. During April, 1945, more than 30,000 such reports were received, studied and corrective measures devised in collabora­tion with ATSC engineering labora­tories and with AAF manufacturers. The corrective procedures are returned to the field in the form of technical orders published by the maintenance division.

During 1944, the maintenance di­vision compiled and published all types of AAF technical publications, totaling more than tfiree and one-half billion pages, pertaining to the operation, main­

tenance, repair, revision, modification, restoration and reclamation of AAF equipment.

To augment the field services, the maintenance division arra :ges for civilian technical representatives from aircraft and other industrial plants to visit the domestic and overseas AAF commands to check maintenance and operation of the equipment produced by their re­spective companies.

"W a r Nerves" No Obstacle To Efficient Production

National concern over the “employa­bility” of “war nerves” cases may be unduly exaggerated if a recent survey of nervous workers at the Wright Aero­nautical Corp.’s New Jersey plants is any j indication. The study established that such workers were as dependable and productive as employes wilHout nervous ailments.

During a ten month period, 455 ap­plicants for employment were interviewed by the company psychiatrist because of extreme nervous conditions, the report said. Some of this group were described as severe cases of “war nerves.” They were placed on jobs building Cyclone j 18 en-ines for B-29 Superfortresses after j receiving the same training accorded to normal workers. At the end of the ten month period a check revealed that 250, or 54.9 per cent were still employed, and 205, or 45.1 per cent had moved into other fields of employment.

The records of 455 non-nervous em­ployes hired during the same period for similar jobs were then stud'ed. Two hundred and forty-five, or 53.8 per cent, were still employed and 210, or 46.2 per cent, had shifted to other work.

Each employe's record of employment was thoroughly examined, the study del­ving into work habits, quantity and- quality of work, absenteeism, and ac­cident rate. In all respects, it was con­cluded, the so-called nervous group was as good as the average group.

A irc ra ft Production in June Drops 9 Per Cent

Aircraft production for June fell short of schedule by 228 planes, breaking a three-month record of schedule achieve­ment, J. A. Krug, chairman, War Pro­duction Board, has announced. During j

June. 5794 aircraft were accepted com­pared with a schedule that called f°r 6022 planes. Production of B-29s was on schedule in all plants, however, with two companies exceeding their quota to such an extent as to account for a 4 per cem increase over scheduled production.

in terms of airframe weight, excluding spares, 65,300,000 pounds were produced in June compared with 71,600,000 p-unds in May. Thus. June acr,ep‘"” ices in terms of both numbers and airframe weight were 9 per cent below those of May.

SMITHSONIAN EXHIBIT: Bell Aircraft Corp.'s XP-59, the first jet-pro­pelled plane built in the United Stetes, is on exhibition in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington. This propellerless fighter is the only modern

airplane in the aircraft section of the museum

106 / T E E L

^>; 16,1945

SPEED NUTS are the only fastening devices that provide a CO M PENSATING thread lock and a SELF- ENERGIZING spring lock. TW O distinct forces are exerted on the screw, as the SPEED NUT is tightened.

First, a compensating thread lock, the two arched prongs moving inward to engage and lock against the root of the screw thread. These free- acting prongs compensate for tolerance variations, and function perfectly on oversize or undersize screw or bolt threads.

Second, a ated by the

prongs and base. The combined forces of the thread lock and spring lock definitely elim inate vibration loosening.

SPEED NUTS, proven in pre-war commercial in ­dustry and now boosting the production of a ir­planes, are ready to assist you in the assem bly of post-war metal, vitreous enamel, plastic or wood products. Literature is ava ilab le on over3000shapes

for standard or special assemblies.

N P R O D U C T S I N C .Cleveland 13, Ohio

W I N G T I P S

ATSC Reduces Time for Settlement of Cut or Canceled Contracts to 12 Days

WHEN war contractors producing AAF equipment in tile Air Technical Service Command’s eastern district have their contracts cut or canceled due to shifts in the war or to other reasons, financial settlement proposal forms which they file with the government for post- termination payments are being pro­cessed and checks mailed within an average period of 12 days, according to Col. Kenneth Collins, eastern district commanding officer. This represents a cut of more than 65 per cent in the time required to complete negotiations and effect settlements less than one year ago.

The 12-day period only applies where acceptable claims are filed by con­tractors, according to Colonel Collins, because there still are many instances where contractors, through oversight or lack of experience in preparing the standard settlement proposal forms, fail to follow instructions completely or in­clude claims for items not approved for payment.

The district’s readjustment division is responsible for handling all AAF con­tract termination and property disposal activities throughout the 11 north­eastern states. Approximately 25,000 plants producing Air Forces equipment are located in this area.

Within the past 24 months, the di­vision opened 3300 termination and cut­back cases. This represents almost half of the overall cut of 30 percent in the air­craft industry. Ninety per cent of these cases have been settled and closed; the remainder are in the process.

Quick Action Saves MoneyOf the 3300 cases, 1020 cases with an

original dollar volume of $1,170,644,587 were settled at a cost to the government of $95,068,595. Thus, as a result of quick action by the ATSC in cutting or canceling these contracts when suf­ficient equipment had been produced, or requirements changed, more than $1,-075,575,000 was saved and released to the Treasury for other necessary expendi­tures. In addition, critical metals and materials were freed for further essential production, and contractors were assisted in speeding up reconversion physically as well as financially. Approximately 1950 cases of the 3300 total, or 50 per cent, were settled or closed at no cost to the government.

The three-hundred-odd cases now in the process of negotiation and settle­ment represent a gross dollar volume of slightly more than $572,423,599.

One of the biggest problems en­countered by the services in settling claims arising from terminations is the time lost between the date a cancella­

tion notice or cutback is received by the contractor and the date he actually files an acceptable claim, Colonel Collins points out. “Many contractors, knowing that Uncle Sam will always take care of his obligations, are inclined to wait weeks and months at a time before they even get around to filling out their stand­ard settlement forms and filing them with the appropriate service,” the colonel stated. “Hence we have an average time of settlement for fixed price con­tracts of 4.3 months from the date the notice is first received by the contractor until final payment is made—and an av­erage settlement time of only 0.3 months or 12 days from the date an acceptable claim is filed.” During the past ten months the first figure has dropped from 5.7 months; the second from 1.2 months.

During World War II the ATSC has saved taxpayers more than $6 billion through its contract termination and re­adjustment activities. This is substan­tial when compared with a grand total of $21 billion for all services. In April of this year alone, terminations of Air Forces contracts amounted to S1.2 billion

JO H N M. GLADDEN

New president of Kinner Motors Inc., Glendale, Calif., Mr. Gladden announces the company is em­barking on a strong postwar pro­gram that will take it into many fields other than aircraft, which it has served since 1919. First of the postwar products to be an­nounced is a small gasoline engine which is claimed to have wide applications in the industrial field. Mr. Gladden succeeds Earl Herring as president of the company; the latter resigned to devote his time to other interests.

as against $600 million for all other services combined.

To assist and prepare war contractors for possible eventual termination of their contracts, half-day termination clinics or "work sessions” are now being sponsored by 21 termination co-ordination com­mittees throughout the country. In these sessions war contractors learn the termi­nation procedures “by doing.” Given a hypothetical case, they are taken through all the procedures step by step and then permitted to keep their cor- i rected work sheets for future references. War contractors producing for any of the ; services are urged to take advantage of j this unusual training by contacting the committee in their own area, to arrange for attendance at an early future ses­sion. Sessions are limited to 50 con­tractors or their representatives.

W ind Tunnel A ffo rds Flexible Testing Conditions

A variable density wind tunnel, said f to contain the most highly flexible range ? of testing conditions in the country and i capable of testing airplane's in the fast- j as-sound range, has been built by Cur- I tiss-Wright Corp., Buffalo. It contains j an air volume of 210,000 cu ft, equal to cubic air volume contained in 16 six-room j houses. Tunnel’s flexibility of testing range is expected to permit testing of models of all types of planes, accomplish­ing in less time and in one place work previously performed by three or four tunnels.

Tunnel has 378 ft of circuit length j and an 8% x 12 ft test chamber, allow- f ing testing of a model of 10-ft span, j Overall tunnel length is 178 ft, and i overall width 81 ft. Steel used in tun- 1 nel’s construction is equal to that cm- j ployed in construction of a heavy U. S. j Navy destroyer. Tunnel is 36 ft from | ground at maximum height.

The 15,000-v power supply for the j tunnel is brought into the plant through j a 10,000-kva outdoor substation, where j it is reduced to 4800 v for use with j 14,000-hp General Electric drive mo- 1 tors. Power service is said to be ade- quate for tunnel to operate 24 hrs a day j with good voltage regulation.

Using four special compressors, air in s the %-in steel shell may be pumped to j four times atmospheric pressure, or 6® jj psi. Tunnel also may be evacuated to I a pressure of 4 psi, equivalent to mini- | mum pressure encountered in flight at |30,000 ft.

Another feature of the tunnel is to [ test chamber which may be sealed off ! from remainder of tunnel, permitting air- j plane models in the chamber to ho f changed or worked on without changing test pressure. Tunnel may be o p e ra te d t by three men, a power operator, a bal­ance operator, and a tunnel control op-, erator. All operations may be performed from outside the tunnel.

10S

m m r

FOR YOUR BUSINESS?j r a a S B H

Find Out Today How EX-CELL-O’S Complete Parts Production

Facilities Can Help You Meet Tomorrow’s Tough CompetitionWith a complete organization under one responsible

management . . . an organization built upon years o f varied engineering experience, modern machining methods and heat treat facilities, and practical inspec­tion staffs . . . Ex-Cell-O probably has the

solution to the parts production problem you face.Ex-Cell-O field engineering representatives will be

very glad to sit down and talk it over with you.

E X - C E L L - O C O R P O R A T I O ND E T R O I T 6, M I C H .

A b o v e : Sectional v ie w of Ex-Cell-O precision boring departm ent for m isce llan eo u s production parts.

S

PRODUCTION ENGINEERINGfh# Ex-£etf-Q organization, with skill, futilities and modern methods that have made a wartime record, can woke on Important contribution in the Manning of quantity production of qvalHy parts and unit assem blies for

your postwar product.

J“Jy 16, 1945

HEAT TREATInduction HeatingLaboratory for Heat Treat Control

Including Micro Examination and Photography

Atmosphere Control Continuous Hard­ening Furnaces

Atmosphere Control Box Hardening Furnaces

Various Types o f Alr-Draw Batch Type Furnaces

Gas Carburize Furnaces Box Carburize Furnaces Pack A Wheat Furnaces Nitriding FurnacesCyonlde, Lead, and Neutral Salt Pot

FurnacesHigh Speed Steel Atmosphere Control Vertical and Horizontal Hardening

Furnaces Continuous Alr-Draw Furnaces

Sub-Zero Heat Treating Equipment

PRODUCTION MACHINESMultiple Vertical Turret Lathes Multiple Spindle Automatic Screw

MachinesSinple^ S p in d le A u to m a tic S crew

Hand Screw Machines Centerless Grinders Single and Multiple Spindle Drilling

Equipment Plain O.D. Grinders Plain I.D. Grinders Milling Machines Broaching Machines Precision Thread Grinders Precision Boring Machines Lapping Machines Special High Production Equipment

UNIT A SSEM BL IESFor m any years Ex-Cell-O has supplied large and sm all manufacturers with parts and has also supplied many parts In unit assem blies after machining,

heat treating and grinding.

INSPECTIONEx-Cell-O has a lw ays m aintained that quality In a product Is not the result of accident; that quality Is built Into a product by rigid adherence to accepted quality standards . . . standards that are upheld at Ex-Celi-O b y efficient Inspection at every step of the machln*

Ing process.

..................43— 63

A C T I V I T I E S

Stainless Steel To Be Produced By New Firm

B R I E F S . . . .

P a ra g ra p h mentions o f developm ents o f in terest a n d signifi­cance w ith in the m e ta lw o rk in g industry

General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y., has purchased a 65-acre site in Middlebury Street, Elkhart, Ind., for a postwar electrical appliance manufac­turing plant.

— o—

Swedlow Aeroplastics Corp., announced that its new address is 8990 Atlantic Avenue, South Gate, Calif.

Maxwell Steel Co., Fort Worth 1, Tex,, has under way a $100,000 expansion pro­gram of new buildings and machinery for fabrication of steel products.

H. K. Porter Co. Inc., Pittsburgh, has established a new office at 513 Colorado Bldg., Washington, with Harold L. Kennedy as district sales manager.

Thompson Grinder Co., Springfield, O., is introducing a new machine to do crush form contour grinding on surface grinders.

Automatic Transportation Co., Chi­cago 20, has estab'ished an export de­partment at 431 South Dearborn Street, Chicago 5, under management of Carl M. Wynne.

Grand Rapids Brass Co., Grand Rapids,

Mich., has been notified by the Detroit Ordnance District to terminate produc­tion of Army bomb nose fuzes. More than 725,000 bomb nose units, valued at more ihan $1 million, are affected by the cancellation.

Porcelain Steel Inc., Cleveland, which has been reorganized will be known as Republic Industries Inc., Porcelain Steel Division, and not as Republic Steel Co., Porcelain Steel Division as was reported recently in S t e e l . Don D. Smith is president and treasurer.

Graham-Paige Motors Corp., Detroit, is establishing a Farm Equipment Divi­sion.. for manufacture and sale of tbs Rototiller, a new tractor, and other agri­cultural machinery at the company s subsidiary, Warren City Mfg. Co., War-

. ,ren, O.

Crosley Corp., Cincinnati, has ap* pointed Cia Mexicana Electro-Mercan- til S. A., Mexico City, as distributor of household electrical appliances.

— o ----Norton Co., Worcester, Mass., has

appointed Swind Machinery Co., Phila­delphia, as exclusive dealer for Norton

Sheet a n d s tr ip p roduc t ion expec ted to be s ta r ted a t W a sh in g to n , Pa., p la n t in M a rc h , 1946

FACILITIES previously owned by the Washington Tin Plate Co. at Washing­ton, Pa., w.U be occupied by a newly organized corporation k n o w n as the Washington Steel Corp. which will pro­duce stai less steel in sheet and strip form. Operations of the new company are scheduled to begin in March, 1946.

Directors of the company have been announced as follows: W. F. Crawford, president, Edward Valve & Mfg. Co., East Chicago, Ind.; J. A. Downey, for­mer preside t, Eastern Rolling Mill Co., Baltimore; F. C. Gerard, formerly plant superintendent, Eastern Rolling Mill Co.; E. L. Parker, president, Edgar T. W ard’s Sons Co., Columbia Steel & Shafting Co. and Summerill Tubing Co.; J. B. Warden Jr., vice president arid trust officer, First National Bank, Pittsburgh; Henry II. Hood of Henry G. Hood & Sons, Wash­ington, Pa.; Guy Woodward, T. S. Fitch, George E. Diamond and John H. David­son, all of Washington, Pa.

Mr. Fitch has been elected president of the new company, Mr. Diamond will

i serve as treasurer, Mr. Gerard as vice president in charge of operations, and Mr. Davidson as secretary a**d counsel.

Operations will cover 116,000 square feet of floor space, including nine build­ings. A new Sendzimir cold rolling mill is being built by Waterbury Farrel Foun­dry & Machine Co., Waterbury, Conn., and delivery is promised for early Feb­ruary, 1946. The mill will handle coils up to 37 inches in width. Other equip­ment includes shear, annealing, pickling, slitting, and leveling facilities. The mill will roll rrages from 0.003 to 0.093 inches.

Maximum employment at the plant will be approximately 175.

The Washington Tin Plate Co. has been out of business for mors than two years, and all of its equipment, most of it hand-operated, was sold in the export market.

Ship Construction Exhibit Sponsored by Consolidated

An exhibit showi-g various stages of ship construction has been placed on view at the Los Angeles Museum by Con­solidated Steel Corp. Plastic models, photographs a-'d drawn"p s are used to convey detailed information on assembly and launching of cargo vessels.

COiLING 43-MILE CABLE: This continuous cable, 40 miles long andhaving an outside diameter of 4% inches, is shown being coiled on ahuge platform at the Phelps Dodge Copper Products Corp. plant in Yonkers, N. Y. The cable was kept filled with water under pressure

its being crushed by its own weight. It was used as a pipe-Channel to help supply Allied armies with fuel

110 f t E E L

A C T I V I T I E SD urab ilt M fg. Co., P lan ts 1 and 2, Aurora,

111.F edera l T elephone & Radio C orp., N ew ark,

N. J.E dw in I. G uthm an Co. Inc. & Lincoln M a­

chine Tool Co., Chicago.H ill Independen t Mfg. Co., Philadelphia .Id ea l C lam p M fg. Co. Inc., Brooklyn, N. Y.Illinois G ear & M achine Co., Chicago.Independen t Pneum atic Tool Co., A urora

p lan t, A urora. 111.Johnson Gage Co., B loomfield, Conn.Johnston L aw n M ower C orp., O ttum w a,

Iov a.Lew is W elding & E ngineering C orp., B ed­

ford , O.L^ckley M achine Co., N ew C astle , Pa.C layton M ark & Co., Evanston 111.M ine Safety A ppliances Co., C allery p lan t,

Callery, Pa.M onroe Tool & M fg. Co , M onroe, M ich.N athan Mfg. Co.. New Yo-k.Natr'o^al Poll & F o o n d ’-y Co., Avonm ore, Pa.Schnabel Co.. P ittsburgh.Snrague E lectric Co., N orth Adam s, Mass.U n :on W ire Pone C om .. Kansas C ity, Mo.Vov t Bros. M fg. Co.. Louisvi’le.W ich ita E ngineering C o . W ichPa F a l’s, Tex.v h*lliams Tool & E ngineering C orp., Ind ian ­

apolis.

Na iiona l Steel Completes Debt Reducing Program

National Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, has completed a program which reduces its debt by $14.5 million and eliminates the requirement for sinking fund payments for 13 years.

The $14.5 million debt reduction was achieved by retirement in advance of the corporation’s outstanding serial notes amounting to $4.5 million and by pur­chase of $10 million of its 3 per cent first mortgage bonds, which have been delivered to the trustee under the in­denture for application to sinking fund requirements.

With completion of this transaction, the total remaining funded debt of the corporation has been reduced to $40 million, all of which cons.sts of 3 per cent first mortgage bonds.

grinding and lapping machines in east­ern Pennsylvania, eastern Maryland, southern New Jersey, and Delaware.

Columbia Aircraft Products Inc., Som­erville, N. J., has purchased the plant of Palmer Bros. Engines Inc., Co:,cob, Conn., which has been manufacturing marine engines for the government. The Connecticut plant will be operated as a subsidiary, with all personnel retained and marine engine output continued.

Chicugo-Latrobe Twist Drill Works, Chicago, announced that its district rep­resentative, Jack M. Wilihite, will have as his new territory Louisville, Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas, except the northeastern tip comprising the Kan­sas City, Kans., area.

— O —Maguire Industries Inc., Bridgeport,

Conn., has purchased and merged into its organization the Meissner Mfg. Co., Mt. Carmel, 111. Thordarson Electric Mfg. Co., Chicago, has been merged as a new transformer manufacturing divi­sion into Maguire Industries, and Ferro- eart Corp. of America and Micro Prod­ucts Corp. have been merged into the Micro-Ferrocart Products Division of Maguire. Operations of Micro-Ferro- rart have been moved from Hastings-on- Hudson, N. Y., to Stamford, Conn.

Mathieson Alkali Works Inc., Newfork, has completed a $400,000 addi­tion to its Saltville, Va., carbon dioxide plant which will provide a substantial -‘Crease in supply of dry ice and car- bonic gas to users in the South andSouthwest.

Light Metal Machinery Inc., 607 Ariel hid?., Erie, Pa., recently organized, will oainufacture and distribute high pro­duction machines for fabricating zinc,

aluminum, magnesium, and other light metal alloys. President is Ward F. Mar­tin, former president of G & N Mfg. Co., Cleveland, and until recently in charge of die casting machine sales for Cleveland Automatic Machine Co., Cleveland.

— o —

Ekco Products Co., Chicago, has pur­chased the Massillon Aluminum Co., Massillon, O. Present management of the Massillon plant will remain unchanged.

Reynolds Metals Co., Richmond, Va., announced that the extrusion plant it operates at Louisville for Defense Plant Corp. will be expanded under a $2 mil­lion project to speed production of ex­truded aluminum.

Udylite Corp., Detroit, is increasing facilities of both of its Detroit plants to meet anticipated heavy postwar de­mand for its products.

AW AR D S . . .Award of the Army-Navy “E ” for ex­

cellence in manufacture of war materials lias been made to the following:

A labam a P ipe Co., O m am entaL E m ory p lan t, A nniston, Ala.

A m erican R ad iato r & S tandard Sanitary Corp., B altim ore w orks, B altim ore; Pfitsburgh p lan t, P ittsburgh; and Buffalo p lan t, Buffalo.

Anchor Slide F asten e r Co , New York.B. A. Ballon Co., P rovidence. R. I.Bendix A viation C orp .'s R adio Division,

Baltim ore.C en tral F oundry C o., Southern Division,

H olt plant. Holt, Ala.Chase Brass & C ooper Co. Inc.. C leveland

mill. E uclid , O., and E uclid Case p lan t, Euclid . O.

C herry R ivet Co., Los Anceles.C olum bia A ircraft P roducts Inc ., Som erville,

N. J.C onsolidated V ultee A ircraft C orp., Tucson,

Ariz.D oeh ler-T» ^ fis C orp., D oehler D ie Casting

D ivision, C hicago.

NEW RA’LWAY CAR FLANT: New 24y2-acre railwaycar manufacturing plant of the Edward G. Budd Mfg. Co, in northeast Philadelphia where production of the

first Budd-built stainless steel trains since 1941 will get underwey next autumn. Orders on hand and in pros­pect will keep the plant busy for years

Iuly 16, 1945 111

Exceptionally Eff ic ient Hole Production Methods Employ New Developments in

Fig. 1— As high as 3100 holes are reamed hourly on this setup, one hole at a time. Centrifugal feed drill-head utilizes 2-speed motor, the low speed being used for dynamic braking when reset­

ting the feed mechanism

Fig. 2— Here the operator drills 1/4-in. holes in 1/4-in. thick 24ST aluminum at rate of 720 per In­ane every 5 sec. Note plugs in drilled holes, positively locating work in fixture while drilling re­

mainder of holes

/ T E E l

By G. W . B I R D S A L LAssociate Edifor, STEEL

Sem iautom atic setups a re in d iv id u a l m o to r -d r iven heads equ ip p ed w ith a fe e d in g device ce n tr i fu g a l ly p o w e re d a n d contro lled . A t one ins ta l la t ion , a single o p e ra to r in a 10-hour shift hand les a n y one o f the fo l lo w in g ho le p ro d u c t io n jobs, w ork ing one ho le a t a time: ream 2 2 ,0 0 0 %-in. holes in %-in. th ick SAE-1010, o r d r i l l 7 2 0 0 %-in. holes in %-in. th ick 24ST a lum inum , o r ta p 9800 holes in 3 / 1 6-in . th ick p a rts o f SAE-1010 steel

CENTRIFUGAL force is put to work in an unusually effective manner in tire special power heads designed and built by Govro-Nelson Co., Detroit. A number of manufacturers report obtaining ex­ceptionally Irigh outputs in, drilling, reaming and tapping when using these automatic units.

As will be explained, operation of these units is such that they automati­cally advance to the work, go through it at highest possible speed consistent with the job, return automatically to initial po­sition and stop. Operating cycle can be repeated about as fast as new work can be located under the tool.

Cut Drill Breakage: They have been found valuable in drilling holes as small as 0.028-in. in diameter since the ‘floating” action of the centrifugal feed device avoids the troubles encountered "'¡til positive feed mechanisms, yet at the same time, the insistent “push” ex­erted assures going through the work at greatest possible speed. This action re­sults in exceptionally low drill breakage, for instead of jamming and breaking "’hen a hard spot is encountered, the drill “floats” against the work until it cuts through.

Figs. 3, 5 and 6 show some of the high production setups where several of these automatic drilling heads have been grouped on a fixture to handle up to dght or more holes in different planes ®d at various angles—all drilled simul­taneously. Since the automatic head is small and compact, these units can be mounted very close together. Where "ork involves holes too close together to be drilled simultaneously by adjoining beads, a simple 2-position fixture can be evolved to do the job. W hat can be done by these automatic heads in cutting pro­duction costs where holes are involved appears to be limited only by the in­genuity of the tool engineer handling d'Cir application.

Davis Tool Installation: But before examining tire operation of these auto­matic units, let’s see how they are used a* a plant that has obtained rather ex- eeptional results with them—the Davis Tool ir Engineering Co., Detroit. Marshall

Fig. 3— These eight Model H units, mounted on an angular base­plate for convenience in loading, drill eight 9/32-r'n. holes through dj-in. of steel in 2 sec drilling time. Shield around lower portion keeps chips and coolant in center for flushing out through fixture

Ragland, assistant to W. N. Davis, presi­dent, reports that early in our aircraft program, the stamping department of this company obtained large orders for “insert rings” for bullet-proof gasoline tanks for airplanes. Most of these rings are made from either %-in. thick plain carbon steel (SAE-1010) or 24ST aluminum of same thickness', although some rings are made from somewhat thinner stock.

Immediately the hole production prob­lem was encountered. And it is no small one, for when 48 holes must be drilled in each piece with centers accurate to within plus or minus 0.003-in. and with holes round and to size within 0.0005 in. limits, production costs could easily rise out of all proportion. Therefore it was essential to develop some economical method of producing these holes accu­rately and extremely fast.

The way it is done is shown in ac­companying illustrations, Figs. 1 and 2. Each drilling station employs a single Govro-Nelson automatic drilling head, Model II, fixed on a rigid mount at the correct height above the working sur­face.

The work to be drilled is clamped in a fixture fitted with hardened steel inserted-type bushings, see Fig. 2. The operator slides the work and fixture around on the machine top to center the bushings under the drill in rapid succession. As soon as he positions the

work for a hole, he steps on the foot treadle actuating electric contacts which cause the drill head to go through its work cycle, as will be explained. The operator need only start the cycle, it proceeds automatically once initiated; the drill approaches the work, feeds into and through it, and returns to initial po­sition, allowing the fixture to be moved to the next position.

The visitor is amazed at the speed these operators obtain. One operator was asked how he located the work so accu­rately undex the drill head so fast. He said it was easy, he could almost do it with his eyes closed. Cha-ung, cha-ung goes the machine, just about as fast as you read this. At each “cha”, the drill goes down through the work, quickly followed by the “ung” as the drill slows down and returns to position.

More than 100 different sizes, types and shapes of insert rings are produced here. Many are oval in shape, some are square, others round, and still others are odd shaped. There will be from 4 to 48 holes in the ring for mounting. A typical ring will be approximately 18 x 22 in. outside diameter and oval in shape, be made from %-in. thick 24ST aluminum and have a rim 1-in. wide. It will have 48 holes equally spaced around its periph­ery and located halfway between the inner and outer edges of the rim.

First operation in production of such rings is to blank them from sheet stock, using double acting dies to cut the out­line and then cut off the ring from inner section in a single stroke of the press. Outside skeleton is scrapped. In many cases, it is possible to use the inner sec­tion of the stock for blanking out smaller size rings.

Typical Production Jobs: Here are typical hole production jobs being done in this plant with individual Govro- Nelson automatic drill heads as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4. Mr. Ragland points

toy 16, 1945 113

easily taps 980 on this fast-

acting setup. Limit switch re­verses tap to back it out auto­matically. Figs. 1, 2 and 4 show installations at Davis Tool & Engineering, Detroit;

photos by Birdsall

Fig. 5— Here five Model E units are arranged radially around an indexing fixture with speed clamps for handling a high out­put of small parts. Note how round table facilitates moving drill-heads to change the setup

close-fitting plug down through guide bushing and work to hold the part posi­tively while the fixture is swung around and a hole drilled in the opposite side and similarly plugged. For large rings, four such plugs are employed, as shown in Fig. 2.

Using these plugs as handles, the operator slides the fixture around on the work table to line the drill up with the bushings in rapid sequence. As soon as the work is positioned for drilling at any spot, the operator steps on his f°ot treadle operating electric contacts that cause the drill head to go through its cycle, automatically going down through the work and returning to th e . original position.

Reaming 3100 Holes Per Hour: Since

/ T E E 1

out that these are not done on multiple head setups like those in Figs. 3, 5 and 6, because of the great variety of hole center spacings, hole sizes, and the like which would require too many setups to handle them economically on multiple heads.

Drilling 720 Holes Per Hour: On each of the 18 x 22-in. oval rings of %-in. thick 24ST aluminum previously men­tioned, 48 holes %-in, in diameter must be drilled one at a time. The operator in Fig. 2 handles 150 such pieces in a 10-hr shift, a total of 7200 holes, or an aver­age of 720 per hour . , . that’s 12 every minute— one every 5 sec.

And the radial tolerance on hole

114

centers here demands an accuracy of plus or minus 0.0025-in. Where maximum accuracy is required, work goes through another operation where the holes are reamed.

Largest size hole that is involved in production here is %-in. diameter, drilled in %-in. thick 24ST aluminum at rate of 600 per hour.

As can be seen in Fig. 2 where a rectangular ring is being drilled, the work is clamped between upper and lower sections of a fixture that contains the hardened inserted guide bushings for the drilling operation. Mr. Ragland re­ports that the system employed is to drill the first hole near one end, then insert a

onV a small amount of metal is removed ® reaming, this work is done almost as

as the operator can move the fixture korn one hole to next. A typical reaming i°b is that done on %-in. thick SAE- hO steel ring thaped like an oval with

outside d iam et'r 12 x 18 in. Rim is %-in. '']!de. After blanking on double acting dies in a large mechanical press, the rings *re coined to “break” the cut edge. Then laey are drilled, and finally, reamed fcft Precise hole size and finish.

Each pece has 40 holes in it. The operator shown in Fig. 1 reams holes in oSO pieces per 10-hr shift— some 22,000 aoles—on this particu’ar type of ring, ‘his amounts to 2200 per hr; that’s

per min (more than double the rate ^commended by the Govro-Nelson Co.)

July 16, 1945

—less than 2 sec per hole, and some of these jobs are done at rate of 3100 per hr, about 31,000 per shift, one operator, one hole at a time. Of course such ex­tremely high outputs are obtained only at a sacrifice in motor life.

ToLrances here are held to plus or minus 0.0015-in. for radial hole center d.mension, hole diameter and hole round­ness.

Reaming is done without clamping the work in a fixture. As shown in Fig. 1, a guide is located directly underneath the reaming tool and positioned at such a height that the ring can be slid under­neath it. To work this setup, the operator simply slides the ring under the guide and against tire backup which positions the part radially. If the workman does

not position the part perfectly, it will center itself due to the tapered reamer “floating” it into position.

Tapping 983 Holes Per Hour: Fig. 3 shows an automatic head in a setup simi­lar to those in Figs. 1 and 2. But where tire heads for drilling and reaming operate at 1700 rpm, the unit for tapping is geared down so that it runs at 700- 800 rpm. Of necessity, tapping threads requires a slower tool speed.

A typical operation employs a 10/32-in. tap in working holes in A-in. thick SAE-1010 stock. There are 28 holes per piece in this instance, the operator com­pleting threads in some 350 pieces per 10-hr shift. This amounts to tapping a total of 9800 holes, or an average output

(Please turn to Page 154)

115

Fig. 6— Five small high-speed units ( Model C) with free speed of 12,000 rpm are set to operate two No. 49, two No. 65 and a No. 50 drill in production of brass fuze parts with an output of 12

parts per minute

Fig. 7— Feed mechanism of a Model C unit is revealed by re­moving housing to shoto weights, cups, electric brake and other

elements therein

Fig. 8— Sectionalized view through Model II feed mechanism shows arrangement of parts. See text for detailed description of operation

Fig. 9— Simplified schematic dia­gram to show how outward move- inert of weights (156) drives cup (136) forward, in turn feeding spindle carrying drill down through work. Compare with Fig. 8 to show

the movement

HARDENABILITY BAND. . . set up for 35 more steels

Jo in t com m ittee o f Soc ie ty o f A u tom o t ive Engineers a n d A m e r ica n Iron a n d Steel Institute a d d 3 n icke l, 2 ch rom ium -n icke l, 5 n icke l-m o lybdenum a n d 25 N E steels to " H " g ro u p . D a ta fo r com ple te s ta n d a rd steel list now be ing

p re p a re d . Bands based upon present chemistry w i l l be set up la te r

TENTATIVE hardenability bands have been worked out and approved for 35 additional steels by the Iron and Steel Committee of the W ar Engineering Board and the Iron and Steel Division, General Standards Committee, of the Society of Automotive Engineers Inc. and the Technical Committee on Alloy Steel of the American Iron and Steel Institute.

The original list of “H” steels for which hardenability data are available was published in “Contributions to the Metal­lurgy of Steel—No. 11” in July, 1944 by the joint committee of the two Societies responsible for the work. Included were nine chromium-molybdenum 4100 series steels in various carbon ranges from 0.28 to 0.54 per cent; 26 steels in the chromium-nickel-molybdenum 8600 and 8700 series in car­bon ranges from 0.17 to 0.54; chromium-nickel-molybdenum 4340 steel and nickel-molybdenum 4620 steel.

In checking the accompanying table, it will be noted that the new additions to the list include three nickel 2500 series steels in carbon ranges from 0.08 to 0.21 per cent; two chro­mium-nickel 3300 series steels in carbon ranges from 0.07 to0.20; two nickel-molybdenum 4300 series steels in carbon ranges from 0.14 to 0.23; nickel-molybdenum 4640 steel, 4815 and 4820; 13 national emergency 9400 series steels; nine 8600 series and three 8700 series steels.

Standard bands based upon modified chemical composition limits are being set up for every steel in the standard steel list. At a later date, a complete series of bands will be worked out for each steel based upon their original compositions.

For the purpose of affording steel producers latitude in manufacturing operations in attempting to meet a common standard of hardenability limits the chemical composition limits have been modified somewhat from ranges or limits applicable to the same steels as specified by chemical com­position only. These modifications, however, have not been great enough to influence the general characteristics of the original compositions.

Bands for each of the 35 added steels appear on accom­panying pages and are presented to indicate hardness values desired at any particular distance on a standard 1-in. end- quench bar. When making use of hardenability bands for specification purposes, steel users are asked to select two specific points on the curves and not specify the full length of the curve. These two points may be selected in any one of the following ways:

1. The minimum and maximum distances at which any desired hardness value occurs. This is method shown in the chart, “Illustration of Methods of Specifying Requirements”, as A-A and could be specified for the curves in the chart as Ju equals 4/11 sixteenths.

2, The minimum and maximum hardness values at any desired distances. This method is illustrated in the chart as points B-B and could be specified for the curves as J 36/50 equals 8 sixteenths. Obviously, the distance selected would

be that distance on the end-quench test bar which corresponds to the section used by the consumer.

3. Two maximum hardness values at two desired distances as illustrated in the chart as points C-C.

4. Two minimum hardness values at two desired distances as illustrated in the chart as points D-D.

5. Any point on the minimum hardenability curve plus any point on the maximum curve.

The ranges and limits in the table apply only to material not exceeding 100 sq. in. in cross-sectional area, or 18 in. in width or 7000 lb. in weight, per piece. Neither the modified chemical composition limits nor the hardenability bands apply to any of the flat rolled products, such as sheets, strip, plates or slabs over 18 in. wide.

I L L U S T R A T I O N OF M E T H O D S * OF S P E C IF Y IN G R E Q U IR E M E N T S

T EN T A T IV E H A R D EN A B IL IT Y BA N D 2512 H

T EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT V BA N D 2515 H

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D EN O O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

T EN T A T IV E H A R D EN A B IL IT Y BA N D 2517 H

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

TA B LE II

standard PE R M ISSIB LE VARIATIONS FR O M S P E C IF IE D C H E M I­CAL RANGES AND L IM ITS A PPLICA BLE T O H ST EE LS

L im it orm axim um of S tandard V ariation

Specified O ver o r under theR ange L im its Set

Element (Per C e n t) ------------------------------..........................All R a n g e s ....................................................... 0.01

Manganese ..................To 0 .90 incl.................................................... 0 .03O ver 0 .90 to 2 .00 incl.... 0 .04

EEosphorus ................................................................................................. 0 .005Sulphur .......................To 0 .060 ......................................................... 0 .005

O ver 0 .060 no t subject to checkillic°n ......................... T o 0 .25 incl..................................................... 0 .02

O ver 0 .35 to 2 .20 in c l... 0 05^PPer ..........................T o 0 .50 ........................................................... 0 .02v O ver 0 .50 to 1.00 incl................................ 0.05lM<* e l ............................T o 1.00 incl...................................................... 0 .03

O ver 1.00 to 2 .00 in c l................................ 0.05O ver 2 .00 to 5 .25 incl................................ 0 .07

Utfomium ..................To 0 .90 incl...................................................... 0 .03O ver 0 .90 to 2 .10.incl................................ 0 .05

. O ver 2 .10 to 3 .99 incl................................ 0.10Molybdenum T o 0 .20 incl..................................................... 0.01

O ver 0 .20 to 0 .40 in c l.... 0 .02O ver 0 .40 to 0 .60 incl................................ 0 .03O ver Ô.60 to 1.00 incl................................ 0 .05

lS S S .....................T o 1.00 incl...................................................... 0 .05v O ver 1.00 to 4 .00 incl................................ 0.10vanadium ..................To 0 .50 ........................................................... 0 .03

TA B LE I

H S T E E L SERIES

These steels, avnilnble in electric fum ace or open hearth grades in bloom s, b illets and bars, m ay be specified on the basis of hardenab ility bands. Pnnges and lim its w hich follow apply only to m ateria l not ex­ceeding 100 sq. in. in cross-sectional area, or 18 in. in w id th , o r 7000 lb. m w eight, per piece as the to tal p roduct of the ingot, and excludes all p la tes, shapes, sheet, strip and slabs.S teel D esignation

SA E Chem ical Composition, per cen t— —-------o r C M n SI Ni Cr Mo

A IS I 2512H° 0.08-0.15 0.35-0.65 0.20-0.35 4.70-5.30 M ax.0.20 M ax.0.06A IS I 2515H ° 0.11-0 18 0.35-0.65 0.20-0.35 4.70-5.30 M ax.0.20 M ax.0.06A IS I 2517H° 0.16-0.21 0.35-0.65 0.20-0.35 4.70-5.30 M ax.0.20 M ax.0.06

A IS I 4317H ° 0.14-0.21 0.40-0.70 0.20-0.25 1.50-2.00 0.35-0.65 0.20-0.30A IS I 432011° 0.16-0.23 0.40-0.70 0.20-0.35 1.50-2.00 0.35-0.65 0.20-0.30A ISI 434OH 0.37-0.45 0.60-0.95 0.20-0.35 1.50-2.00 0.65-0.95 0.20-0.30

N ote 1— Phosphorus and su lphur on open h e a rth steel to be 0.040 per Phosphorus and su lphu r on electric fu rn ace steel to be 0.025 per cen t Mx. each.

N ote 2—Sm all q uan titie s o f c e r ta in elem ents m ay be found in alloy steel w hich a re no t specified o r required . These e lem ents a re to be considered a s incidental and accep tab le to th e follow­ing m ax im um am ounts: Copper 0.35 per c en t; N ickel 0.25 per c en t; Chrom ium , 0.20 per cen t; M olybdenum , 0.06 per cent.

N ote 3—T he chem ical ranges and lim its shown in T ab le I a re sub jec t to th e s tan d a rd perm issib le v a ria tio n s fo r check analy sis shown in T ab le II .

N ote 4— N E denotes N a tio n a l Em ergency S tan d a rd Steel.°N ew H steels.

mm

A ISI 331 OH eA ISI 3316H 0

A ISI 41.°0HATS! 4132HA ISI 4135HA ISI 4137HA ISI 4140IIA ISI 4142HATSI 41 ¿511A ISI 4147HA ISI 4150H

0.30-0.37 0 35-0.65 0.20-0.35 0.32-0.30 0 60-0.95 0.20-0.35 0.35-0 43 0.00-0.95 0.20-0.35 0.37-0.45 0 70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.40-0.-18 0 70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.42-0 50 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.44-0.52 0 70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.4G-0.54 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35

A ISIA ISI

A ISIA ISI

48151-1° 0.12-0.19 0.35-0.65 0.20-0.35 3.20-3.80 M ax.0.20 0.20-0.30 4S20H° 0.17-0.24 0.45-0.75 0.20-0.35 3.20-3.80 M ax.0.20 0.20-0.30

N E . .,.861311°N E . . 8615H °N E ., 8617H °N E . . 8620HN E . . 8622HN E . .. 8625HN E . . 8627IIN E .. , 8630HN E ... . 8632HN E .,.863511N E . .. . 8637HN E . ., 8640HN E .., 8642HN E . ., -8645HN E . ., . 864 7HN E .., . 8650HN E . . .865211°N E . . .8655H °N E . . .8657H«N E . .8660H ®N E . . .8662H°N E . . .866511°

0.09-0.16 0.60-0.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.11-0.18 0.60-0.95 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0 65 0.15-0.250.14-0.21 0.60-0.95 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.05 0.15-0.250.17-0.24 0.60-0.93 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250 20-0.27 0.60-0.95 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.22-0.29 0.60-0.95 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.25-0.32 0.60-0.95 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.27-0.34 0.GO-0.95 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.30-0.37 0.60-0.93 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.73 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.32-0.39 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.35-0.43 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.37-0.45 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.40-0.4S 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.42-0.50 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.44-0.52 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.G5 0.15-0.250.46-0 54 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.48-0.58 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.50-0.60 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.52-0.62 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.55-0 65 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.57-0.67 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.250.60-0.70 0.70-1.05 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.75 0.35-0.65 0.15-0.25

0.17-0.24 0.80-1.15 0.20-0.35 0.20-0.27 0.80-1.15 0.20-0.35 0.22-0.29 0.80-1.15 0.20-0.35 0.25-0.32 0.80-1.15 0.20-0.35 0.27-0.34 0.85-1.25 0.20-0.35 0.30-0.37 0.85-1.25 0.20-0.35 0.32-0.39 0.85-1.25 0.20-0.35 0.35-0.43 0.85-1.25 0.20-0.35 0.37-0.45 0.85-1.25 0.20-0.35 0.40-0.48 0.95-1.35 0.20-0.35 0.42-0.50 0.95-1.35 0.20-0.35 0.44-0.52 1.15-1.55 0.20-0.35 0.46-0.54 1.15-1.55 0.20-0.35

0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.0S-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15 0.25-0.65 0.25-0.55 0.08-0.15

4620H 0.17-0.24 0.40-0.70 0.20-0.35 1.50-2.00 ................4640H° 0.37-0.45 0.55-0.85 0.20-0.35 1.50-2.00 M ax.0.20

0.20-0.300.20-0.30

N E .. .8713H° N E .. ,8715H° N E . . .871711° N E . . . 8720H N E .. .8722H N E . . . 8725H N E . . .872711 N E . . .8730H N E . . .8732H N E . . .873511 N E . . .8737H N E . . . 8740H N E . . .874211 N E . . .8745H N E . . .874711 N E . . .875011

N E . . .9420H» N E . . .942211° N E . . ,9425H° N E . . ,9427H° N E . . . 9430H° N E . . .94321-1° N E . . .943511° N E . . .9437H« N E . . .944011° N E . . .94421-1° N E . . . 9445H° N E . . .944711° N E . . .9450H»

My 16, 1945 117

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S4 6 8 10 12. 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32

D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

TENTATIVE HARDEN ABILITY BAND 4815 HT EN T A T IV E H A R D EN A B IL IT Y BA N D 3316 H

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S6 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32

D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

T EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT Y BA N D 4317 H HARD E N A B IL IT Y BA N D 4620 H

4 6 8 10 »2 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D EN D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

•>4 0 0 iu i c, i** id io c u £•> 26 28 30 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

T EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT Y BA N D 5613 HT EN T A T IV E HARD E N A B IL IT Y BA N D 4 3 2 0 H

4 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28D IS T A N C E - F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

4 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

ROCK

WEL

L HA

ROŃI

^

■™Æos\ï<y?à5

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32D ISTANCE F R O M Q U E N C H E D EN D OF S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D OF S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

TENTATIVE HARDE NABILITY BAND 6 6 1 7 H

-- ¡0 ¡2 Î4 ¡6 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32O IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D OF S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

T EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT Y BA N D 866Ü HT EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT Y BA N D Ô 65Z H

2 4 * 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D OF S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

BAND

D A T A

2 4 6 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D OF S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

60

i 55 J* SO J

o 450t 40

1“j

I »1c 20

T EN T A T IV E H A R D ENABVLITY BA N D H

BAND

D A T A

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 26 2ft JOD IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E O E N D O F S P E C IM E N - SIXTEENTHS

4 6 0 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8 3 0 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

T EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT Y BA N D 9 4 2 5 HT EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT Y B A N D & 7 I5 _ H

4 6 8 0 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8 3 0 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8 3 0 32

D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D EN O O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T EE N T H S

T E N T A T IV E H A RD E N A B IL IT Y B A N D 6717 H T EN T A T IV E HARD E N A B IL IT Y BA N D 9 4 2 7 H

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8 3 0 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D EN O O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8 3 0 3 2

D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

T EN T A T IV E HARD E N A B IL IT Y BA N D 9 4 3 0 HT EN T A T IV E HARD E N A B IL IT Y BA N D 9 4 2 0 H

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O P S P E G M EN - S IX T E E N T H S

4 6 8 10 12 .14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8 3 0 32D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D OF S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

RO

CK

WEL

L H

AR

DN

ES

S

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 IB 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 6D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D EN O O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D OF S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

T EN T A T IV E H A R D EN A B IL IT Y BA N D 9 4 3 5 H T EN T A T IV E H A R D EN A B IL IT Y BA N D 9 4 4 5 H

4 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8 SOD IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D EN D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

T EN T A T IV E T EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT Y BA N D 9 4 4 7 H

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8O IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E 0 EN D OF S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H SD IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

T EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT Y BA N D 9 4 4 0 H T EN T A T IV E HARDE N A B IL IT Y BA N D 9 4 5 0 H

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8 3 0D IS T A N C E F R O M Q U E N C H E D E N D O F S P E C IM E N - S IX T E E N T H S

^

Effect of Prior Treatment on Results o f Sub-Zero Process in

ALL investigators have found that the sub-zero treatment for high speed steels definitely increases the productive life of a cutting tool. However, there is some difference of opinion as to the place re­frigeration should be inserted during the hardening process. Some say it should come directly after the quench, and some say after the first temper.

Regardless of the time of refrigeration, it has been found that the effect is about the same, i.e., different investigators us­ing different routings for the.r tools will obtain similar results. S.nee nearly all hardening temperatures and s o a k i n g times will vary between different in­dustrial plants, it is suggested that this fact may be the reason for obtaining the same results by d fferent routings. It is believed that the refrigeration is very sensitive to this prior treatment.

For primary investigation, as reported also in Production Data, published byE. F. Houghton & Co., Philadelphia, the author selected tool bits made from GM- M2 steel with the following analysis: Carbon, 0.84; manganese, 0.32; chromi­um, 4.00; tungsten, 5.28; molybdenum, 4.26; and vanadium, 1.72. The following treatments were used:

1. Preheat at 1600° F. Austeritize at 2225° F. Quench in salt at 1050° F and cool in air to 100-150° F. Double temper at 1050° F, 2 hr

each temper.2. Preheat at 1600° F. Austenitize at

2225° F. Quench in salt at 1050° F and cool in air to 100-150° F. Re­frigerate at minus 100° F for 3 hr. Double temper at 1050° F, 2 hr each temper.

3. Preheat at 1600° F. Austeritize at 2225° F. Quench in salt at 1050° F arid c o o l in air to 100-150° F. Temper at 1050° T for 2 hr. Re­frigerate at minus 100° F for 3 hr. Temper at 1050° F for 2 hr.

4. Same as No. 1, except the double temper is followed by refrigeration at minus 100° F for 3 hr.

A battery of Ajax high-speed furnaces

was used for the treatment. Houghton’s Liquid Heat N. D. and Liquid Heat 2400C were used in the preheat and high heat baths, respectively. Liquid heat quench salt was used in the quench bath. The tempering was done in a Homo furnace, and the refrigeration was ac­complished by placing the parts in a mixture of dry ice and methanol, which mixture was in turn placed in a refrig­eration unit operating at minus 60° F.

The bits were tested on a dry' lathe operation, which reduced the diameter of a large aircraft tubing of AMS 6380 steel having a rockwell hardness of 38-42C. Results obtained are as follows:

Av. P roduction Productiv ityT rea tm en t P er G rind Increase

1 ..................... 5 .7 average2 ..................... 6 .7 17.5%3 ..................... 8 3 -15.7%4 ..................... 7 .5 31.5%

It is obvious that the No. 3 treatment gives the best results in the case. Fol­lowing this test, some circular form tools out of GM-M2 material were tested. However, treatment No. 2 was omitted

By STEWART M. DePOYM e ta llu rg is t

Delco Products Division General Motors Corp.

Dayton, O.

tdue to the cracking hazard involved. Re­sults obtained on the form tools were as I follows:

Av. P roduction Productivity T rea tm en t P er G rind Increase

I .................... 1780 average3 .................... 2750 54.5%4 .................... 20 0 0 12.5% i

Again No. 3 treatment stands out , above the other two.

From examination of the photomicro­graphs, Figs. 1 and 2, it was discovered that an entirely different structure is ob­tained when the Not only is the tran ite more complete, but the martensite formed has a much finer appearance thant l m t in t l ip r ln n l 'd n tn m n p r f 'd Ml-

different structure is ob- t e steel is refrigerated. - rarisfqrmation of austen--% 1- n i- li n .v s o r fo U C t fP

that present in the double tempered un­refrigerated tool. (Subsequent examina­tions of the microsections by the author and other metallurgists reveal that this altered appearance may have been due tr some extent to differential etching.) If is believed that this is due to the tre-- mendous internal pressures which are set up inside the tool at minus 110’F. Although Izod tests show the impact re­sistance of the super-cooled tool to be less than that of the standard treated one (27 ft lb against 32 ft lb), it has been found that the cutting edge of the refrigerated tool does not chip, whereas this latter phenomenon is very prevalent on standard treated tools.

The sub-zero treatment is not limited to high speed steel alone. It has been used for a great many years on gages ta complete the austenite transformation.It may be used to an advantage on many nonferrous metals, and some investigation is now being carried on to determine its effect on plastics. The low alloy steels and nonferrous metals only require about minus 60° F cold i"tersity. Tests have proven that the complex high alloy steels require minus 100° F or lower before am appreciable results may be obtained. Re‘ frigeration of tools during the hardening treatment is giving phenomenal results, *

( Please turn to Page 163)

1 2 2 / T E E t

AT Y O U R S E R V I C E

fhe full Revere facilities, including the Revere Technical Advisory Service, are Wade a v a ila b le to you through the Offices listed here.

In addition Revere Distributors in all Parts of the country are eager to serve you.

C°PPER AND BRASS INCORPORATEDFounded by Paul Revere in 1801

Executive Offices: 230 P ark Avenue N ew Y ork 1 7 .N .Y .

D IS T R IC T S A LE S O F F IC E SA t ab ove M ill Points and in the fo llow ing cities

ATLANTA 3, GA.Rhodes-Haverty Bldg.Phone: Main 2142 Teletype: AT 96 BOSTON 10, M ASS.140 Federal Street Phone: Hubbard 7190 BUFFALO 7, N. Y.1807 Elmwood Avenue Phone: Delaware 7616CINC INNATI 2, OHIOCarew Tower Phone: Main 0130 Teletype: C l 171 CLEVELAND 15, OH IO Midland Bldg.Phone: Cherry 3930 Teletype: CV 572 DALLAS 1, TEXAS Tower Petroleum Bldg.Phone: Central 8681 Teletype: DL 88DAYTON 2, OHIOMutual Home Bldg.Phones Hemlock 3271 GRAND RAPIDS 2, M ICH.Keeler BuildingPhone: Grand Rapids 8-0511 & 6-1314 Teletype: GR 376 HARTFORD 3, CONN.410 Asylum Street Phone: Hartford 2-3828 Teletype: HF 87HOUSTON 2, TEXAS Mellie Esperson Bldg.Phone: Fairfax 7932

IN D IAN A PO LIS 4, IND.Circle Tower Phone: Market' 1908

LOS ANGELES 15, CALIF.714 W . Olympic Blvd.Phone: Richmond 9314

M ILW A U K EE 2, W IS .626 E. Wisconsin Avenue Phone: Marquette 1440 Teletype: Ml 292

M IN N EA PO LIS 2, M IN N .Metropolitan Bldg.Phone: Atlantic 3285

N EW YORK 17, N. Y.New York Central Bldg.75 East 45th Street Phone: MUrray Hill 9-6800 Teletype: NY 1-1222

PH ILADELPHIA 3, PA.Sixteen Sixteen W alnut St. Bldg. Phones: Bell—Pennypacker 6133 Keystone—Race 1847 Teletype: PH 206

PITTSBURGH 19, PA.Gulf Bldg.Phone: Court 4342 Teletype: PG 572

PROVIDENCE 3, R. I.Industrial Trust Bldg.Phone: Gaspee 8110

ST. LOUIS 1, M O .Telephone Bldg.1010 Pine Street Phone: Garfield 4416 Teletype: SL 191

SAN FRANCISCO 4, CALIF.Russ Bldg.Phone: Sutter 0282

SEATTLE 1, W ASH .1331 Third Avenue Phone: Main 8372

D IV IS IO N O F F IC E S A N D M IL L S

DALLAS D IV IS IO N2200 No. Natchez Avenue Chicago 35, III.Phone: Merrimac 2600 Teletype: CG 957

N EW BEDFORD D IV IS IO N 24 North Front Street New Bedford, Mass.Phone: New Bedford 8-5601 Teletype: NB 87

CHICAGO M ANUFACTURING D IV IS IO N2200 No. Natchez Avenue Chicago 35, III.Phone: Merrimac 2600 Teletype: CG 957

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BALTIMORE D IV IS IO NP. O. Box 2075 1301 Wicomico Street Baltimore 3, Md.Phone: Gilmor 0222 Teletype: BA 164

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M A G N ESIUM -ALU M IN UM D IV IS IO N P. O. Box 2075 1301 Wicomico Street Baltimore 3, Md.Phone: Gilmor 0222 Teletype: BA 164

M ’ 16,1945 123

• in c r e m e n tLOCATIONS LA ID OUT BEFORE WELDING

DISCARD-

GRADUAL TEAR

SH ARP 8REAK-

HARDNES5, MACRO AND M ICROGRAPHIC SPECIMENS

TYPE 1: PARTIAL TEAR ABOUT PARALLEL TO WELD ROND OR HEAT AFFECTED ZONE. DOES NOT TURN DOWN ACROSS PLATE

t e s t in g M e l d e d s t r u c t u r e s

Perfo rm ance o f the foes o f f i l le t welds u nde r severe concentra t ions o f stress in the tee jo in t is s tud ied in the la b o ra to ry b y an im p ro ve d tee -bend test w h ich simulates severe condit ions such as encoun te red b y w e ld e d ships

By LEON C. BIBBERW e ld in g E ng inee r

Carnegie-IIIinois Steel Corp.Pittsburgh

JULIUS HEUSCHKELResearch Engineer

Westinghouse Electric Corp.East Pittsburgh, Pa.

TEE-BEND test as used by the Navy Department was designed to provide a measure of the distortion or abuse that a welded ship structure could endure wlien subjected to extreme damage such as would result from grounding, colli­sion, torpedo and mine explosions, etc. Continuous member of the tee represents shell plating and stem of the tee simu­lates internal framing, bulkheads, etc. If the framing or bulkheads of a welded ship crumple so that severe bending tension obtained at tire toes of tire fillet welds and the shell plating remains in­tact or does not crack completely through

Fig. 1— Types of failure occurring in tee-bend specimens

Fig. 2— Specimens . and discards which were machined from joint

in Vi-inch plate

so as to violate the watertight integrity of the ship, the performance of that structure is considered successful.

This test first attracted attention as “The Tee-Bend Test To Compare the Welding Quality of Steels”, an article by George A. Ellinger, A. G. Bissell and Morgan L. Williams, in The Weldin/t Journal Research Supplement, March, 1942. It was selected as a measure of performance because it simulates condi­tions described, i.e., it subjects the toes of the fillet welds to severe concentra­tions of stress and uses an actual welded joint; in fact, the toe is die most used joint in shipbuilding.

Apparatus: The bending ap p a ra tu sconsists of a series of jigs, which fo r« die specimen through an angle of 120 , and the maximum load, die angle at that load and the type of fracture are noted. The angle a t any deflection is deter­mined from a curve. The t e e - b e n d test as practiced by the Navy D e p a r tm e n t required die specimen to bend to a total angle of 120°. The angle a t m ax im um load is required to be 60°. The four types of fracture seen in Fig. 1, are:

Type 0—No failure of any kind (satis­factory).

Type 1—Tearing back along die bond

TYPE 2: PROGRESSIVE, INCOM­PLETE TEARING ACROSS PLATE

TYPE O: NO FAILURE OF ANY KIND

TYPE 3: COMPLETE FAILUREACROSS PLATE

/ T E E 1

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PO INT OF MAX. LOAD

POINT OF MAX- LOAD

I OFFLECTION r [IN CHES)U J E E L E L I 1

(IN CHES '

A NGLE AT FA ILU R E OR J IG

C A PACITY

LOAD AT FA ILU R E OR J IG

C A PA C IT Y LBS)

A NGLE AT MAX,

LOAD (PEG)

TY PEO F

FA ILU R E

E X ­AMPLE

NO.

N O N E4 3 0 0A BR U PT -

C O M P L ET E4 3 0 0

A BR U PT-C O M PLET E

4 6 0 0

NONEABRU PT-

C O M PLET E8 4 0 0ABRU PT-

C O M PLET E8400

Fig. 3— Method of hardness testing

Fig. 4— Jig for %, %, 1 and VA-inch tee-hend tests

partment, it has some deficiencies:(a) Nominal weld size used is one-

half the plate thickness. Tolerance on the size gage is plus 1 /16-in. This is a variation of 25 per cent in size and 53 per cent in volume for 1/2-in.

• plates. This tolerance is not suffi­ciently accurate for research testing.

(b) The exact angle at which failure starts is difficult to determine accur- ately. _

(c) Angle at maximum load is dun- cult to determine accurately.

(d) Exact classification of the type of fracture is often difficult and is sometimes a matter of opinion.

(e) Classification of a steel as un­satisfactory for the reason that a su den complete failure occurred after a large angle of bend had been reacne is questionable.

(f) Another factor which enters into the problem but is not taken into ac­count in the tee-bend test as now used by the Navy is the strength of the base metal. Ability to absorb energy dur­ing deformation is a function not on) of distance but also of .force. In ® signing structures to absorb energy, both are important. ,.Deformation Energy: In view ot

factor, a modification of the test 'nUY ing energy measurement has been veloped by the authors during the pa- few years. It is tentatively called welded tee-bend-energy test. A arg > amount of work has been done with 1/2-in. thickness. Work on the 1/* ' and lesser thicknesses has barely s^.,_ and little work has been done on tin nesses greater than 1/2-in. sufficient promise is seen in the results thus far obtained to warrant a p sentation of the method, together "

( Please turn to Page 164)

Fig. 5—Examples of materials ab­sorbing unequal amounts of energybut sustaining equal maximum

loads at the same deflection

PO INT OF FA ILURE SPEC IM EN 9 SPEC IM EN 8

LOW s t r e n g t h m a t e r ia l(U .T .S . ABT. 4 2 ,0 0 0 P S 0

EXAMPLES 7 .B A 9.

HIGH STRENGTH MATERIALT.S . ABT. 8 4 .0 0 0 P S I)

E X A M P L E S I0 tn,&. 12.COMPARISON . WITH ENERGY

OF S'TD M ILO S T EE L

7 4 %

but not into the base metal (satisfactory).

Type 2—Tearing into the base metal but not progressing com­pletely through the mem­ber (satisfactory).

Type 3— Cracking or tearing com­

pletely through the member either rapidly or slowly (un­satisfactory).

Maximum vickers hardness of tire base metal also is noted.

Much experience with this test has indicated that, as used by the Navy De­

PO IN T OF FAILURESPEC IM EN 12-----SPEC IM EN l h J

COSTS W I L L M A K E T H E D I F F E R E N C E

Manufacturers must use the most efficient machine tools available, to remain in business and maintain full employment. Today carbide cutting tools make possible increases of from 200 to 500 per cent in the speed of metal turning—but only when used with machines which can transmit the horsepower and have the rigidity to take full advantage of these tools. Scrap your old machines. Purchase War Surplus machines or new machines.Ask for one of our engineers to assist you in making the most profitable investment, or send for our book, “Welcome to You and Your Problems.”

M an u factu rer o f : U niversa l Turret Lathes • Fay A u tom a t icLathes • A u to m a t i c D o u h le - E r d M ill ing a n d C enter in g M a c h i n e s *

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• T O N E S & L A M S O N

Ju|y 16.1945

M A C H I N E C O M P A N Y

S p r in g f ie ld , V erm on t, U .S.A .

operating angle has safely carried bags and packages weighing from a few ounces to several hundred pounds. Maximum carrying capacity is 750 lb distributed load. A deadweight load or 1350 lb has been supported by the ma­chine at the end of the conveyor bed during tests. ,

Total weight is 1500 lb, giving a dead- weight-to-lifting-capacity ratio of 2 to 1. Control of belt motion is possible from either the ground or inside the ship. Guard rails are provided for both sale handling of cargo and safety of the cargohandler getting in and out of the cargobins, using the conveyor as a ramp, retracting stabilizer of tubular construc­tion keeps the machine steady during operation and also takes the place c wheel brakes. All electrical apparatus in­cluding night-operating light, is weat °r proofed. An explosion-proof Pea , switch is carried into the .cabin for sa operation of the conveyor from ms1 the ship. Electric cord for control fastened to the conveyor by means water-proof plug and receptacle, a ing the machine to be used at ' ar‘° gate positions without dragging the cor

Simplicity of design and ease of op® tion make this machine practica , either male or female ground 0Pera*° ' Only one handler is required to move c ^ veyor on its large pneumatic tires a roller bearing wheels. A tubular han that pivots to one side during operais used for steering. j

On bracing struts, tubing is nat with miter sheared to the proper m !■ as shown in Fig. 3. This allows aLtd OriUlVXl i l l JL ^ • * I p ^weld length for strength and *®ta“veteneat appearance. Very simple jigs used to hold various assemblies m Ff tion during welding. Electrodes o shielded arc type (of 5/32 and _ .diameters) for mild steel (AWS E- were used in single pass.

for lo a d in g a n d u n lo a d in g a ir ca rgo fea tures ease o f o p e ra t io n , l ig h t w e ig h t a n d new " a n g le " on

tu b u la r construction

A LIGHTW EIGHT, sturdy, portable conveyor with unique features has been put to work loading and unloading air cargo. I t has a high safety factor and is easy to operate because of its welded tubular construction. The “Air Cargo- veyor,” shown in Fig. 1, is built by Rapids-Standard Co., Grand Rapids, Mich., and eye-appeal in its design was achieved in co-operation with Penn­sylvania Central Airlines engineers.

Arc welding was used for fabricating the tubing selected for frame members and support struts of the chassis, or base running gear, shown in Fig. 2. Conveyor bed elevating arm also is of tubular construction. Hydraulic ram upper pivot is strut-braced so that load is carried by both longitudinal members. These members, in turn, converge on a cross tube which houses the trolley shaft. This trolley shaft is threaded on both ends and becomes a tension mem­ber rigidly supporting the trolley that in turn elevates conveyor bed.

Conveypr bed is of formed 12-gage sheet steel. Construction lends itself readily to a roller bed, which combines ball bearing load carriers in addition to the advantages of a slider board type of conveyor. To avoid damage to air­plane or luggage, bumpers are provided to prevent any metal-to-metal contact between conveyor and airplane.

Conveyor bed is elevated by means of a hydraulic pump and ram to an operating pitch of 25°. After tests were conducted with various belts and operat­ing ranges, a pitch of 25° was found to be most economical when using a special rough belting which has a very high friction coefficient. This belt and

1 M

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•Your In d u s tr ia l S u p p ly D is t r ib u to r can be m i g h ty h e l p f u l in s o l v in g your r e to o l in g p ro b le m s . J u s t a s h e fo rk ed w ith y o u in n o rm a l tim e s before th e w a r , a n d d u r in g th e c o n ­version e ra . . . s o n o w h e s ta n d s ready to h e lp y o u a g a in .

Today as a lw ay s , i t p ay s to

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ST. C H IC A G O 6 SO H O W A R D ST . SA N FR A N C ISC O6 5 1 S S E C O N D BLVD.. D E T R O IT B R U N E I ROAD. O L D O A K C O M M O N LA NE.A CTO N . L O ND O N W. 3 . ENGLAND

Ju|* 18,1945 129

By LILLIAN GORDONSafety Research Institute

New York

be eliminated and all sources of sparks removed. Rubber - soled shoes and tools of nonferrous materials should be used.

2. All equipment for handling flam­mable solvents, including funnels and portable containers when tlie latter are being filled or emptied, should be electrically grounded.

3. The solvent should be stored in safety tanks, preferably in a fire­proof storage building.

4. Electrical equipment, including vapor-proof safety lamps, should be installed in accordance with the National Electrical Code for hazardous locations.

5. In spray booths, the booth, floor, baffles, and all other parts of the system should be constructed of fire-resistive material. Surfaces of all walls should be smooth to fa­cilitate routine cleaning.

6. Fire extingui hers, of types ap­proved for the class of hazard involved, should be provided as protection against incipient fires. Built-in fire extingui hing equip­ment may be needed to safeguard specific hazards, such as degreas­ing tanks, as well as to give gen­eral building protection. A fin­ishing spray booth with special built-in carbon dioxide extin­guishing equipment is shown in Fig. 1.

7. Ventilation must be provided for, to keep the concentration of Han1' mable vapors below their explos­ive limits, with special care that heavy vapors do not accum ulate in pits, cellars, etc.

The chief health hazard of organic sol­vents is associated with continuous in­halation of their vapors. Like all air contaminants, solvent vapors are danger­ous when present in sufficient quantities. Therefore, the most pertinent informa­tion concerning the health hazard of any solvent is the concentration of its vapor which may be present in the workroom atmosphere without causing ill effects. The generally accepted limits are listed in accompanying table.

If this concentration is exceeded M any length of time, the individual con cemed may develop the various symP toms (headache, nausea, dizziness, SastnC disturbances, fatigue, mental disturbance usually associated with chronic son en poisoning. Fortunately, the body ca throw off considerable quantities of to*1 substances, so that removal from the con taminated atmosphere usually results u> complete recovery. Continued exposa^ however, may lead to permanent organ injury. n.

Unless the solvent-using process is _ small and located in a large r0,on! .y v lated from other processes, it is * that mechanical ventilation will 0e

r T E E *■

Safe Handling of

Ü â S M J f i S f l L Y i f l ï iThorough unde rs tand ing o f the ch a rac te r o f o rg a n ic solvents a n d a p p ro v e d methods o f c o n tro l l in g ha zard s is necessary fo r safe o p e ra t io n o f degreasers, sp ray booths, etc. F ire, skin

i r r i ta t io n a n d to x ic po ison ing a re p r in c ip a l dangers

ORGANIC solvents are important in the metal industry because they dissolve a wide variety of compounds, and be­cause they are volatile. Their solvent character makes them useful as thinners and degreasers. Their volatility is im­portant in allowing degreasing in the vapor phase and quick drying of the de­greased or finished article. These same characteristics of solvency and volatility, however, present certain problems in the handling of organic solvents. Their volatility may be a fire or health hazard or both; their solvent character may re­sult in skin difficulties.

The hazard presented by a solvent, in

terms of flammability or effect on health, may be readily evaluated from informa­tion supplied by its manufacturers, or by federal and state health authorities, insurance companies and other agencies. Flammability of solvents, for instance, is rated by Underwriters’ Laboratories on a scale ranging from zero (nonflammable) to 110. The ratings of solvents com­monly used in the metal industry are listed in the accompanying table. Any solvent who"e rating is above 40 is con­sidered hisrhly flammable, and the fol­lowing safety precautions are recom­mended:

1. All flames, smoking, etc., must

Fig. 1— Sprat/ booth with built-in carbon dioxide extinguishing equipment

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SUB-ASSEMBLIES

FRAMES — BASES

PRODUCTION RUNS

quired to maintain vapor concentrations within safe limits. The Industrial Hy­giene Code of the American Foundry- men’s Association requires mechanical exhaust ventilation unless the degreas­ing machine or tank has a cross section of less than 5 sq ft and is located in a room of more than 4000 cu ft. A cartridge clip degreaser which will use chlorinated solvent is shown in Fig. 2. Exhaust system will be attached to collar at right side of slide. Fig. 3 shows 3-dip, basket-type degreaser. Wien installed, slot-type lateral exhaust is attached to venting system by collar at upper right-hand edge of machine. Velocity is 500 fpm.

In installing ventilating systems, it is desirable to obtain the expert advice of a ventilation engineer so that the equip­ment may be designed properly to suit both the process and the solvent in terms of size, flammability, etc.

Engineering controls are incomplete without some source of routine check­up. Solvents should be tested regularly, since a solvent mixture may have changed in composition, increasing its flammability, or a new supply of pre­viously tested solvent may contain an impurity that has increased toxicity.

Regular analysis of the vapor content of the air at danger spots, such as clean­ing tanks, as well as the general work-

h a z a r d s o f s o l v e n t s

c s ii l lC c i l l fa“ o E.j ja

Solvent M A C - ( p .p .m .) ,§ J j | £ | g*

Acetone 2 0 0 ( C a t , C o lo .) 9 0 0Amyl acetate 4 0 0 5 3 - 6 0 7 7Benzene (benzol)Benzine and Sasoline Butyl alcohol (secondaiy)Butyl acetate Carbon tetrachloride

USta2eoW'chloride

kopropyjalcohol

100 (A.S.A.) 95-100 -4

1000 95-100 0

100 (Cnl.) 82400 (Cnl., M ass.)55-60 72

100 0 None250 (C at., Colo.) 70 55

100 58

55-60 59o# 40 100-165

200 70 52

0 . 30-40 100-110

200 0200 (A.S.A.) 75-80 40

200 1-2200 45-50 95

Methyl alcoholStoddard’ssolvent Tetraehlor- ethylene Toluene Trichlor- ethylene Turpentine

the^rS ? ? ures S*v e n a re as re co m m en d e d b y Public r ? ° * In d u s t r ia l H y g ie n e , U . S . Cate<L j 2 S e rv ic e , u n le ss o th e rw ise in d i- CftitraH ^ P re se n t m a x im u m a llo w a b le con-

rn th e a tm o sp h e re fo r co n - parts of d a ily ) e xp o su re , in te rm s o f"ASA” 1)61 m iH ion p a rts o f a i r (p .p .m .) .

lim it° v ,n S c e r ta in o f th e fig u re s in d ica te s Assodati estakMshed b y th e A m e r ic a n S ta n d a rd s iimitj Som e sta tes h a v e se t th e ir o w n

those states m ust* co u rse > b e o b se rve d in«Oil '

»lvenh the sam e as o th e r p e tro leu m

room atmosphere should be carried out. A change in the process—even a change in the weather—may sometimes make a previously satisfactory ventilating sys­tem inadequate. Such tests may be made by competent chemists, using reliable methods such as those listed in the bulle­tin, “Industrial Air Analysis,” issued by the Division of Industrial Hygiene of the New York State Department of Labor.

Even where adequate ventilating sys­tems are installed, special precautions must be observed to avoid acute solvent poisoning from the inhalation of large quantities of vapor as a result of acci­dent or carelessness.

The cleaning of solvent tanks in par­ticular is a hazardous operation requir­ing special procedures, such as those out­lined in the American Foundryman’s Code. Workers engaged in the operation should wear life lines and air-supplied respirators. Such respirators also may prove adequate in intermittent opera­tions where general ventilation is not provided.

Organic solvents may cause skin trou­bles, either by their drying action on the skin or because they may give rise to allergic reactions. This may be avoid­ed by protecting all parts of the body with clothing or protective creams. Hand creams are particularly important in band dipping operations. Personal cleanliness reduces dermatitis, and may be encour­aged by good washing conditions and

cleansing agents which are effective but not harsh.

Medical control is important in min­imizing health hazards connected with solvents. Pre-placement examinations may be used to determine the proper placement of employes with particular susceptibility to solvents in jobs where it is not necessary to contact appreciable amounts of these materials. Regular medical check-ups are recommended also.

To be really effective, engineering and medical control of solvent hazards must be implemented with an adequate edu­cation and safety program. It is gen­erally agreed that such a program is most successful when it is formulated and en­forced with the participation of the em­ployes themselves. The worker should understand the hazards involved, and the controls instituted to protect him. He should be trained in the operation of these controls, particularly in the han­dling of fire protection equipment and in the recognition of ventilation break­downs or leaks. Such education and training can do much to maintain a high safety record in the metal industries.

Fig. 2— Vapor from any solvent ad­hering to degreased cartridge clips will be drawn off by an exhaust sys­tem to be attached at right of this unit

Fig. 3— Built for use with a crane hoist, this three-dip, basket-type de- greaser also employs chlorinated

solvent for degreasing

H - 16,1945 133

. . . . fea tu res m odern ro d m il l la yo u t , descr ibed here in th i rd o f a series o f fo u r artic les d e ta i l in g fac i l i t ies a n d p rac t ice at C o lum b ia

Steel Co.

The rod mill is powered by nine main mill motors totaling 7650 hp, the power

Fig. 1 Overall view of roughing train and two repeatersFig. 2— Finishing encl of mill. Scalehreaker with high pressure water jets and

6-stands of offset rolls shown in foreground

plant being housed in a separately en­closed annex that is a model of efficient layout, spaciousness and good house­keeping.

No. 0 and No. 1 stands are driven by a 500 hp variable-speed motor with a roll speed from 7.7 to 23.3 ipm. No. 2 stand is driven by a 400 hp, variable- speed motor. Carrier top and bottom bearings are fabric and require no grease

lubrication—only water, their wear be* slight. Old type bronze bearings wo excessively, and it was difficult to the rolls lined up properly and to ru® ‘ tain rolling positions. This is o b v i a e

the setup, only slight adjustments required. Universal couplings are ployed throughout. . , . „ from

Three stands are run, finishing No. 5 to 3/8-in. rod inclusively, the *

/ T E E 1 I

LATEST equipment and controls feature the rod mill of the Columbia Steel Co., Pittsburg, Calif. The 100 x 280 ft billet storage yard at the rod mill’s west end has seven 40-ft bays and a total of 63 bins. Billets are racked a single heat to a bin, there being about 250 billets to a bin. This storage yard is serviced by a 15-ton overhead crane with a 100 ft span.

Billets come first to the rod mill’s charging pLtform, accommodating 150 billets, and are moved o-’to the furnace conveyor by an electrically-driven walk­ing beam conveyor.

The furnace is of the continuous pusher type. It has eight pusher arms, a 50-ton per hour capacity and inside walls 33 ft wide and 40 ft long to the middle push-out. It is gas fired by 27 burners, the heating zone being fired by 12 top burners, the soaking zone having 15 bot­tom burners. The furnace is automatical­ly controlled by recording pyrometers for 3-position reading, and fully equipped with gas flow meter control, instrumenta­tion bei g mounted on a big control panel near the furnace end. The billets soak after preheat at 2250 to 2350° F, the two zones being separated by low arch. The fumace takes a 172-billet load, the subsequent hot rolling being from 5-gage to 1 in. rod. Bil'ets are in the furnace from 75 to 90 min, production of the furnace being about 135 to 190 per hour. The last 15 ft of furnace has a plastic chrome hearth with some magnesia. Bil­lets are removed from the furnace by a pusher into No. 0 stand.

The 21 stands in line back of the fumace are numbered from 0 to 20 in­clusive. Starting with a zero is done to permit the even numbered passes to be square or round and the odds to be oval in designating the shape of the pas­ses in each stand. The first two stands are oval and very shallow. The sequence is:

Stand Nos. T ype Stands0 to 3 , ] 6-inch roughing4 to 8 , 14-inch reach in g9 »o 14, 12-inch in term ediate

15 to 20 , 10-inch finishing

i | " P l a z a ,: y ,

Arthur G.★ £>nqmeefis and

2 3 0 0 CH ESTER AVENUE • CLEVELAND, OHIO

Coiiimerce Building* H o u s t o n , T e x a s | |

T O the iron and steel industry, reduction of war orders and

lifting of restrictions w ill mean a return to the competitive basis of doing business. The demand for lower cost per ton w ill put greater emphasis on plant efficiency.

Arthur G. McKee & Company can condition your plant for post­war competition by rebuild ing and modernizing your furnaces, stoves, gas cleaning and auxiliary equipment and by adding facilities for the proper treatment of ores.

By making plans now McKee can complete engineering and have materials on the job so that the furnace will be out of blast f°r a minimum period.

The experience and specialized knowledge gained in 39 years of "Orld’wide iron and steel plant engineering are available to you in this organization. Consult McKee n°u> for increased plant efficiency.

coming onto laying reels. Or the mill finishes 3 /8 to 1-in. rod inclusively, com­ing from finish stand to pouring reels.

Motors designated A, B, C, D in the accompanying table can be controlled from either the floor by mill operators, or from the pulpit by the speed oper­ators, there being the possibility of hazardous buckle or pud that one might see which the other would not. Safety controls are instantaneous and precise. It is the speed operator’s duty in the pulpit to watch three repeaters and other stands throughout the mill.

Continuity of stands creates pull which the looping setup relieves by rod play on the repeater floors. Repeating is all automatic. The bar is repeated out of No. 12 stand as a square, into No. 13 out of No. 13 as an oval, and then re­peated into No 14 stand. It goes through a forward-running “S” repeater as a square, from No. 14 stand into No. 15 finishing mill which is an oval, the latter being the first stand of the finishing mill sequence.

Size 4 or 5-gage rod is finished from No. 20 stand, 14-in. from No. 18, 5/16 or 3/8-in. from No. 16 stand.

A looping stand is located in front of the pu lp it The 180° repeaters between Nos. 12 and 13 and Nos. 13 and 14 stands are equipped with rollers set in

buttons so that if the bar comes up it will roll on bearings rather than scrape along a stationary floor.

Safety controls are used when a “cob­ble” is made. A toggle shear is located in front of the No. 0 stand that can cut the billet off as it is leaving the furnace in case of a cobble. After the ninth pass

(the work leaving the No. 8 stand), a flying shear is installed. This provides a front end cut-off to furnish a good end to go through the mill after roughing, and also to cut off any cobble that may develop after that point.

If a cobble should occur in the finish- ( Please turn to Page 174)

M otor Slancl M otor

ROD M ILL (21

M otor V ariable

STANDS)

Roll SpeedN um ber N um ber H orsepow er R .P.M . R .P .M .

A 0 500 250 to 750 7 .77 to 23.31A 1 10.90 to 32.70

B 2 400 250 to 750 13.83 to 41 .49C 3 400 250 to 750 17.33 to 51 .99

D 4 1750 150 to 450 32 .25 to 96 .75D 5 1750 150 to 450 47 .77 to 143.31D 6 1750 150 to 450 68.50 to 205.50D 7 1750 150 to 450 9 1 .7 5 to 275.25D 8 1750 150 to 450 119.27 to 357.81

E 9 800 300 to 900 126.09 to 378.27E 10 800 300 to 900 158.19 to 474.57

F 11 800 300 to 900 173.33 to 519.99F 12 800 300 to 900 210.81 to 632.43

G 13 500 225 to 625 225.00 to 625.00H 14 500 225 to 025 225.00 to 625.00

J 15 2000 450 to 690 497 .07 to 762.17

jjjjj

16 2000 450 to 690 5 7 4 .6 5 to 881.1317 2000 450 to 690 650.79 to 997.8818 2000 450 to 690 747.58 to 1146.3019 2000 450 to 690 851.80 to 1306.1020 2000 4 5 0 to 690 982 .66 to 1506.75

Driven from one motor

D riven from one motor

D riven from one motor Driven from one motor

Driven from one motor

Fig. 3—Side view of 33 x 50-ft heating fur­nace. Billet pusher shown in foreground

Fig. 4— Standard 30-ft billet being pushed from hearth of heating furnace

Fig. 5— Finished rod coils traveling on cooling conveyor

C lE V re L N f© g ' t E M LOVERHEAD M A T ER IA LS HANDLING EQUIPM ENT

H a n d -p ro p e lle d cran e w ith ch ain h o ist h a n d lin g heavy steel fra m e fo r ven eer m achine.

Hand-propelled crane with electric push-button operated hoist moving a diesel engine.

I F H ARD back-breaking work is required on the part of several men to move a machine in your plant, you

should seriously consider Cleveland Tramrail cranes.A heavy engine or machine-tool can be quickly and safely moved by one or two men with a smooth running Cleveland Tramrail crane. Shipping boxes or crates are easily packed. Work that requires hours can often be done in minutes with an overhead crane.Despite the great advantages Cranes provide, they are low in price. In fact, many completely pay for themselves in only a few months time. Cleveland Tramrail cranes are built in various types for manual and electric operation.

GET THIS BOOK!B O O K L E T N o . 2 0 0 8 . P a c k e d w i t h v a l u a b l e i n f o r m a t i o n . P r o f u s e ly i l l u s t r a t e d . W r i t e f o r f r e e c o p y .

C&EmNfc«y W t m W w i s mTTO. CVE.NEA.Mit> C R X N E . & t t i G l H E E W H O CO.

1125 E k s t T B iw o S T . 'W ic v .u r tE . O h io .

H 16.1945

I NDU ST RI AL E Q U I P M E N TContour Comparator

A bearing contour comparator with Electrigage heads has been developed by Sheffield Corp., Dayton, O. The gage checks barrel shaped bearing rollers for correctness of contour only. No direct check is made on any diameter.

Bearing slides into gaging position on two rails, coming to rest against the fixed center arm and lower roller back­

stop. Upper roller is spring loaded to exert enough pressure on bearing to keep it jn gaging position while being rotated for complete contour check.

Upper and lower arms at left do gag­ing while middle arm is fixed for posi­tioning the bearing roller. The gaging fingers move reed mechanisms wh.ch in turn actuate the Electrigage heads. Mid­dle arm is adjustable for various con­tours.

grinding crankpins the shaft is held on the end main bearings. Any wear occur­ring in the work holuers over a per.oU of years can be compel,sated by an ad­justment which has been provided for in its construction.

The locator indicates position of the crankpin both for tnrow and plane show­ing amount of adjustment necessary. Hand wheel on steadyrest graduated in thou­sandths, is used to make necessary cor­rections for out-of-plane conditions. Adjustments for throw are similarly made with graduated screws in work holders. This indicator can also be used for a grinding gage to indicate size as com­pared to a pre-established standard or to show amount of stock being removed. Machine is designed so that both crank­pins and bearings can be ground with a minimum expenditure of time for set­up between operatio..s.

Hydraulic TransmissionModel HT-1 hydraulic variable speed

transmission, announced by Portman Ma­chine Tool Co., 70 Portman road, New Rochelle, N. Y., is a heavy duly type and intended for use as a variable speed drive unit for all kinds of industrial ap­plications requiring continuous duty per-

speeds. Various types of control mech­anisms in addition to the hand lever shown are available to suit all applica­tions, including remote control stations.

Over all dimensions are as follows: Width, 8 'A in.; height, 16% in.; overall housing length, 18Yi in.; diameter of shaft, 1% in.; shaft extension length, 3% in. and 4¥t in. Capacities available are 5, 7&, 10, 15 and 20 hp. Maxi­mum speed depends upon speed of elec­tric drive motors or other prime movers and such speeds are rated at from 900 to 1700 rpm with this type unit.

Hydrostatic TesterFor testing tubes and cylinders, Series

100-5 hydrostatic tester is olfered by Narragansett Machine Co., Providence, R. I. Intended primarily for testing 5 in. rocket tubes, it can be provided to test tubes and cylinders of almost

Regrinding MachineA new autopart and crankshaft re­

grinding machine in sizes 22 x 72 in. and 24 x 84 in. is announced by Norton Co., Worcester, Mass. It has been designed for regrinding of crankshaft pins and bearings on automotive, tractor, diesel and truck shafts and is adaptable for use in any machine or jobbing shop.

Features of the machine include head- stock and footstock with antifriction spindle with adjustable work holder mounted on each of these spindles. When

formance under varying conditions of load and speed.

Infi.dtely variable speeds are instantly available from zero or full neutral posi­tion to maximum motor speeds both forward and reverse. In this drive unit torque output remains constant at all

(A ll claim s are those o f the m anufacturer o f th e e qu ipm en t being described)

/ T E E1

any size and shape. It is ot ram adjustable to tubes of varying diameters and lengths and is motor operated through reduction gears with enclosed automatic switches.

Testing is accomplished by introduc­ing water at city pressure (normally 80 psi) into the cylinder u..der test while cylinder is held between two fabricated, specially designed steel adapter plates which seal both ends of cylinder befog tested.

Hydrostatic pressures up to 6000 psi are produced by an air cylinder under testing cylinder. Air cylinder piston ex­tends up and through bottom of machine into the water filled cylinder or tu e to be tested, causing controlled, n1 ured displacement up to the hydrostatic pressure desired.

Hydrostatic pressure range may be ex­tended through use of hydrostatic boos

- n n t t G l N G e f f i c ie n c y is b o r n K “ «he d ie f o r * a t f o rg - ag i , sh ap ed . T h i s g re a t T u b e T u r n s to o l a n d d ie sh op , la rg e s t

S s : " » — ■

« i oreSs equipment, and modern

r ~ ï=.:r; ™ ;3

en ctd , carefullyW h t d e a T s “ uhW « h : d e s ig n o f

" c h i n e s or the i n t p r o v e n t e n ,

° ^ T u py " r i r : “ r u b e? u : r O u 7 e n g i n e e ^ m c r l d e r

y o u r q u es tio n ^ o b l ig a t io n .

^ » i u b e T u r n s ( I n c . ) , Tours-

1, K e n tu c k y .

H ’ 16>1945 139

S P E E D C A S E S T E E LA L O W C A R B O N O P E N H E A R T H P R O D U C T

ACTUAL PHOTOGRAPHSpeed Case Steel (,20 ■ carbon) 1-ihch cold drawn bar tied in a Icnof, cold, without fracture.

1117 B 1 1 1 3

« 1118 C 1 0 1 9

ll1112 c 1 1 1 5

and it will m achine a t .230 to 250 SFPM w h ile increasing tool jife 2 to 5 times. It w ill g ive you ductil­i t y e q u a l to C1019 w i th t e n s i le strength g rea ter than 0117. W hen ca rbu rized ,w arp ag e is minimum and it machines w ith better finish than com parab le steels.

SPEED CASE STEEL w ill increase your pro­duction from 4 0 % to 8 0 % and it is saving users up to $70 per ton used.

REDUCE YOUR INVENTORY AND INCREASE PRODUCTION WITH SPEED CA SE...

Write for Speed Case Catalog. For special i'obs our metallurgists are at your service. Find out about Speed Case Steel:

M A N U F A C 1 U R L R S OF COL D F I N I S H E D . C A R B O N AND A L L O Y STEEL B A R S

Licensee for Eastern States

THE FIT Z SIM O N S COM PANYY O U N G S T O W N , O H I O

Licensor

M O N A R C H STEEL CO M PA NYH A M M O N D • I N D I A N A P O L I S • C H I C A G O

PECKOVER’S LTD.. T o r o n t o . C a n a d i a n D is tr ib u to r

ter and coolant equipment which can be provided as additional equipment.

All working parts are enclosed in a metal cabinet. All operations, includ­ing that of the ram, introduction of wa­ter, movement of piston and release of water are under pushbutton control.

13 basic models available with various voltage characteristics.

There are types for horizontal exter­nal mounting; for vertical external mounting and other pumps with float­ing impellers are made for submerging in coolant system reservoir. The latter may be used for fluids having abrasive content. Grease sealed motor bearings and mechanical seal of pumps require no lubrication.

Centrifugal PumpsA new line of Superflo centrifugal

pumps is announced by Gray-Mills Co., 1948 Ridge avenue, Evanston, 111. High­er volume delivery per horsepower and ease of maintenance are features of these pumps. Heavy duty motors are mounted integrally to pumps. Pump motors range in various sizes— 1/25, %, Vt and Vz bp, with volumes of 9 to 75 gph. There are

Current Limiting FuseA new current limiting fuse deve loped

for protection of aircraft electrical sys­tems is a product of Switchgear Divi­sion, General Electric Co., S c h e n e c ta d y N. Y. Basie design of fuse is similar to that of high-voltage power fuses de­veloped for utility company and indus- trial service.

The fuse meets the requirements -■ adequate interrupting capacity, extreme­ly short arcing time, vibration and shoes resistances, high altitude and wide range . temperature operation and small size ^ weight. Tests made in a pressure chn* ber simulating conditions at 40,000 altitude have demonstrated that • the will dependably interrupt more * 4000 amp at 120 v, 400 cycles, W phase ac, or at 120 v dc, with an aroint time of less than 14 cycle on ac circ

Fuse has a pure silver wire elem61 Silver was chosen for its low specific r sistance and high melting point- “ ported from two molded end piece

f t e * 1

Jul? 16,1945

- jb à a n lic

SHAPERSSave Tim e on

Hy-Draulic Shaper, with un­usual tool mounting, does fine work on complicated special ordnance parts.

ROCKFORD MACHINE TOOL CO.. ROCKFORD. ILL IN O IS

Illustrated is a Hy-Draulic Shaper working on special ordnance parts machined from ‘he solid out of very tough steel. The tool­maker running this shaper can concen- rate completely on the work in process, jught under his hand are controls for rapid reverses in four directions and for hy-

nulic cutting speeds and feeds. He can any cutting speed or feed whatever, in

specified ranges, without gaps between, mout gear-shifting, without stopping the

machine. He can get ram-stroke length, and its position relative to the work, in one easy operation without cranking or using tools. These, and other Hy-Draulic advan­tages, save operator's time, speed produc­tion and promote economy on fine tool and die work . . . on run-of-mill shaper operations also. Investigate. See what Hy-Draulic Shapers can do on your work. Write us for name of nearest dealer, and ask for Bulletin 2904.

®i D lsU ncW ® *

F U R N A C E D I V I S I O N

R-S PRODUCTS CORPORATION

1 2 2 B e r k l e y S t r e e t • P h i l a d e l p h i a 4 4 , P e n n a .

B U Y W A R B O N O S

tlie center of a Pyrex glass tube, the silver wire element is surrounded by a special filler of granular quartz. Three such units comprise the fuse, providing a three-pole assembly with several ad­vantages— fuse units in all phases must be replaced simultaneously; diere is no chance of one phase being left open accidentally; and because phases are in separate isolated compartments phase- to-pliase short circuits within device are prevented during interruption.

M agazine Feed ToolKnown as E-Z ON nut gun, a new

magazine-feed tool for driving nuts oil studs is announced by E-Z On Co., 9551 Grand River avenue, Detroit 4. The tool can be made for any size nut and any particular style: Caslle, elastic stop, hexa­gon, square, slotted acorn or cap nut. A magazine inserted in the handle holds the nuts and delivers one at a time di-

C h a rg e e n d sh o w in g pit into which billets are placed by crane. Con­veyor picks up and keeps hearth filled.

BRASS BILLET HEATING FOR EXTRUSION PRESS

R -S g a s - f i r e d Furnace, w a lk in g beam type , beats two row s o f 8" d ia m e te r billets. Capacity: 70 bil­le ts o r 2 8 ,0 0 0 p o u n d s p e r hour. Tem perature: 1500 degrees F. Bil­lets de livered by roller c o n v e y o r

to extrusion press.

rectly to the stud, and remaining nuts are held in position.

An air or electric nut driving unit can be used as the driving medium and tie torque can be set on the 'driver at any required weight.

W ork TableInduction Heating Corp., 389 Lafayette

street, New York 3, announces a new single position general purpose table with optimum flexibility of ran of applications when used with staircur Thermonic induction generators. Lqa ped with a standard Thermonic °1' f transformer, mounted so as to e ^ interchangeability from one type tra , former to another, this table can be for any application of induction hea 1 The table bench includes a sink fnr "se _ spray quenching operations. Tins si is provided with a removable baasj cover which can be used when a working surface is desired. Water provision? for [ spray quenching are corporafed in the table together ^ solenoid-operated valve and a <lu

© Don’t ie# reco n versio n ^

catch y o y w ith y o u r p la n ts d o w n

'\T • "°tr i s t h e t i m e t o P l a n P a r t s - P r o d u c t i o n For P o s t w a r P r o d u c t s

^16,1945

0 Your re co n v e rs io n p ro b le m s ca n be m in im iz e d with proper p la n n in g . L ik e o th e r m a n u fa c tu re rs

whose plants h av e b e e n d evo ted to w a r production, y o u r p r im a r y p o stw a r o b je c t iv e is

to get your p e a c e tim e p ro d u c ts to m a rk e t with as little d e la y a s p o s s ib le . H ow long th e public will w a it fo r o ld p re -w a r fa v o r ite s is problematical — w ith c o m p e t it iv e p ro d u cts m a k in g ao aggressive b id fo r p e n t-u p b u y in g p o w e r.

Many m anufacturers re co g n ize th e im p o rta n c e of a f ly in g s ta r t in their bid for p o stw a r m a rk e ts , an d a re fo llo w in g t h e ir w a rt im e procedure for s p e e d e d -u p p ro d u ctio n by a rra n g in g for th e

Production of p ro d u ct p a rts by o u ts id e s o u rc e s . A d d it io n a l a d v a n ta g e s of this course a re lo w e r c a p ita l in v e s tm e n t an d f e w e r

labor problems — a s w e ll a s s u p e r io r w o r k m a n s h ip an d lo w e r c o s ts .

■foyoe sp ecia lizes in th e q u a n t ity p ro d u ctio n of m a c h in e d m eta l Pads and m a ch in e d a s s e m b lie s . . . h a s th e f a c i l it ie s , e q u ip m e n t and specialized e x p e r ie n c e to a s s u m e th e p ro d u ctio n of p ro d u ct parts of any ty p e — a n y 'q u a n t it y . J o y c e is kn o w n fro m c o a st to coast for p rec is io n w o r k m a n s h ip .

% not sit dow n w ith u s an d d is c u s s y o u r p o stw a r p ro d u cts — n ow ? bat us show yo u h o w w e ca n s a v e yo u t im e in g ettin g

ÏOür Peacetim e p ro d u c ts to m a rk e t — an d h ow w e ca n s te p up Polity w hile cu tt in g d ow n c o sts .

A telephone c a ll, w ir e o r le t te r w ill g et yo u q u ic k a ctio n — w'tb no obligation.

,.vV n [OUHBi s u m c»nieE'

Help Eclipse the Rising Sun— Buy Bonds*

T ake this D iese l injector n ozzle as an ex­ample. T he fine orifices in the spray tip are precision-drilled to exact tolerances to insure proper fuel injection. Y et unless these ori­fices are safeguarded against clogging or enlargem ent by harmful particles in the

fuel, the benefits of precision manufacturing are lost.T o filter out these harm ful particles, a M oraine Porous M etal filter elem ent—bonded to a metal w asher—is designed into the injector. It rem oves particles w hose largest dim ension is.001" to .002" . . . traps in its tortuous flow passages particleswhich w ould pass through the finest com m ercial screen.O ther types of applications for M P M filter elem ents include protection of precision m oving parts against dirt in the lubricating or actuating fluid—precision m echanism s that are susceptible to dirt in the air—any product involving the flow of liquids, gases or air in which fine filtration or separation is required.W here product perform ance depends on maintaining the accuracy of m achined parts, M oraine Porous M etal has a lot to offer A m erican industry.

KEEP YOUR BONDS—A N D KEEP BUYING

»M O R A IN E P O R O U S METALA un ique m a te r ia l of powder metallurgy, fabricated into effi­cient shapes and providing eon- trolled porosity for these functions!Filtration • Separation • Diffusion

Flow Control • Flame Arresters

Vents or Breathers

MORAINE PRODUCTS ™ - GENERAL MOTORSD A Y T O N , O H ID

flow regulator for controlling timing and volume of quench. Control circuit con­tains two timers; one for controlling quenching period and the other for con­trolling delay period from one end of heating cycle to the start of the quench cycle. Start and stop control buttons to energize the Thermonic generator are

s and inspection plates. Spring of the nut snap over ball or

Sna studs to provide firm attachment, k S be quickly withdrawn. It trw a^ ° in ®ve degrees of pull out

1Qri' Three styles of ball studs are

Ju*y 16,1945

mounted on front of table together with pilot light indicators.

Output leads from transformer are supported by mounting brackets on front panel of table. These leads are equipped with interchangeable pressure type fit- (mgs for facilitating work-coil con­nections.

S p e e d N u t L a t c hA new spring steel speed nut latch,

Ao. 1663, has been developed by Tin- nerman Products Inc., 2039 Fulton mad, Cleveland 13, for attachment and removal of box covers, access doors,

Expert Euclid ho is t design , plus an efficient clam shell bucket, m ake th is a very com pac t and useful un it fo r lo ad in g , un ­lo ad in g and conveying coal, ashes and o th e r m aterials.

T h is tro lley is bu ilt to hand le a sing le line bucket and travels a lo n g the overhead beam d u rin g each cycle o f o p e ra ­tions. T h e p h o to show s the tr ip line in fro n t o f opera to r. A pull o n th is line opens the bucket.f Euclid convenience o f co n tro l and facility o f op e ra tio n con tribu te greatly to its h ig h efficiency and com paratively low cost o f o p era tion .to In add ition to th e b u ild in g o f cranes and ho is ts Euclid experience em braces the d esig n in g o f equ ipm en t to handle various types o f re la ted equipm ent, grabs, slings, etc., fo r han d lin g unusual k inds and shapes o f m aterial.

THE EUCLID CRANE & HOIST CO.13S5 CHARDON RD. EU CLID , OHIO

W E C A N H A V E B O T HOne of the most vital questions we must answer today is “How can we keep wage levels high and at the same time keep prices down within the reach of everybody’s pocketbook?

We can do it if we can keep costs down—for prices are geared to costs. Low costs require

(1) —that products be designed to permit the lowest possible production costs.

(2) —that management skillfully plan production and establish and carry through cost controls.

(3) — that all production facilities he right for the pur • rse.(4) — that labor produces a full day’s work for a full day’s

pay.(5) —that Government encourage, rather than hamper

business and industry, including new ventures.

Volume alone will not cut costs. It will help, but to pro­vide enough margin to maintain high industrial wages and low prices at the same time it will he necessary for us to use our Yankee ingenuity in better design, better planning, better tooling and better productivity.

We can’t afford to produce a product unless we can sell it. We can’t sell it unless we get the price down where people will buy it. We can’t get the price down unless we get the cost down. And we can’t get costs down unless we get efficient management and full productivity from labor.

~ H —

THE TRUN DLE E N G IN E E R IN G C O M P A N YBrings to Industry and Business

2 6 OF CONSULTING MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING EXPERIENCE

GENERAL OFFICES • CLEVELAND • BULKLEY BUILDING

CHICAGO NEW YORKCily National Bank Bldg., 208 S. La Salle SI. Graybar Bldg., 420 Lexington Ave.

available: Drilled and tapped for 6-32 screws, threaded shank (6-32 thread) and plain shank for riveting. These, as well as the grooved stud, are provided in various lengths to suit application re­quirements.

Dust CollectorApplying the principle of reducing the

ratio of air volume to filter surface area, a new tubular Dustex dust collector is offered by Dust Filter Co., 160 North LaSalle street, Chicago 1. It is avail­able in three sizes, all of which are portable and self-contained. Unit is adaptable to requirements of buffing, polishing and grinding machines, as well as collecting fi-e dust arising from other types of machines.

Filter surface area of the collector shown is increased twenty-fold over

all standard units, the large unit con­taining 60.8 sq ft of filter surface area. Small units are in proportion. Surface area lessens volume of air drawn through any portion of nlter at one time, preventing minute part'- cles from filtering through.

No collector bags are used in the unm Filter surfaces are tubular in design an bottomless. Dust filtered through than is collected in a pan at lire bottom o f t ,e unit. These are shaken periodically by a hand shaker. Collector maintains static air pressure of more than 4 in., at a velo­city of over 5000 lfm. It is completely fireproof and weighs from 150 to -o lb. Motors are 3 /4 and lVh hp, 3 phase, 60 cycle, ac.

Produclion ViseUniversal Engineering Co., Frank«!

muth, Mich., announces a new fast oper- ating production vise which operates o the wedge-lock principle. A short I pull on the locking lever clamps *or in the vise and a second pull o then firmly locks the piece. I’j'ess , is applied to the adjustable jaw taper wedges. No hammering or ot forcing methods are necessary, h*®, locking teeth on bottom of slide an & keep adjustable jaw positively in P even under heavy cut and vibmtico­production work, operator can load one hand and manipulate vise w

146/ r t t 1

1 Rotary Dryer2 Combustion Chamber3 Dust-Settlmg Chamber4 Cyclone Dust Collector5 Exhaust Fan6 Stack7 Self Conveyor— Feed to Dryer8 Bucket Elevator*—Feed to Dryer9 Feed Pipe to Dryer

!£} Air-Dilution DoorsI ! M ultiple G as Burners

Are You Paying Freight Charges on Water?II you are shipping large quantities of coal, ore, or any other com parable m aterial con­taining free moisture you m ay be overlook- ln<J an opportunity to ach ieve important savings. Besides cutting freight charges a Vulcan Pre-Drying Installation should also ellect important econom ies in your sm elting or calcining operations.

The diagrammatic illustration above show s a complete installation recently furnished to a large M exican corporation for dry- In9 water-chilled blast-furnace s lag pre­paratory to its use in the manufacture of hydraulic cement. O utstanding features m-

clude provision for delivering a large vol­um e of hot g a ses to the dryer at relatively m oderate tem perature— which can be con­trolled within narrow limits— also for col­lecting and reclaim ing the dust. Other care­fully engineered features assure minimum operating expense; especia lly with respect to flow of m aterial to and from the dryer.

Correspondence regarding the drying, cool­ing or calcining of any inorganic material is cordially invited. Estimates, constructive suggestions and preliminary designs will b e furnished, a s far as possible, without charge or obligation.

VULCAN IRON WORKSEstablished 184S

Main Office and Works WILKES-BARRE, PA., N ew York Office 50 ChurchRotarv 5*'ns' '00'ers and Dryers Toothed, Double-Roll Crushers Heavy-Duty Electric Hoists Steam LocomotivesWicv Calciners. Etc. High-Speed Hammer-Type Pulverizers Sell-Contained Electric Hoists Diesel and Gasoline Locomotive«Xu!o Vertical Lime Kilns Ball, Rod and Tube Mills Scraper-Loading Hoists Diesel-Electric Locomotives

0 lc Quick-Lime Hydrators Shaking-Chute and Chain Conveyors Cast-Steel Sheaves and Gears Electric Locomotives and Larry«

Sccy HORSBURGH AND SCOTT RUGGED W DEPENDABLE SPURS

N ow , w hen time and w orking hours are really important,

it pays m ore than ever before to buy gears that w ill stand the

“gaff”. Horsburgh & Scott Gears are accurate . . . husky . . .

built to endure . . . “steel m uscled” for hard work. Y ou’ll find

proof in their performance and long, uninterrupted service.

S e n d n o te on C om pany L e tte rh ea d to r 4 8 8 -P a g e C atalog 41

THE HORSBURGH & SCOTT CO.GEARS AND SPEED REDUCERS

5112 HAMILTON AVENUE • CLEVELAND, OHIO, U . S. A.

other. By loosening two screws he can adjust vise to lock pieces of varying size. Splined roller contact of sliding jaw per­mits exact adjustment for any size piece. Taper locking wedges are made o( hardened and ground steel. Triple lock­

ing contacts keep vise jaws absolutely parallel. The device is made in three sizes with 4, 5 and 6 in. jaw width.

Safety SpliceAmerican Chain & Cable Co., Bridge­

port, Conn., announces the development of a new method for splicing wire rope into slings or various assemblies. Splice is flexible to the terminal and always

develops 100 per cent of rope’s strength. Acco-Loc safety splice does not distort rope structure and maintains equaliza­tion of stresses in all strands. The splice applies the load stress in direct line with pull of load. I t has no seizings to loosen, unravel or get in the way. It is wide open for visual inspection at all times. It ma> be used with any standard fitting, hook, ring, shackle, thimble, etc. and when sling or assembly is retired such fitting' may be salvaged and reused.

Automatic Rotary CutoffPines Engineering Co., Aurora, IU-’

announces a completely automatic to tary type cutoff machine for % to 5 ,!1' OD tubing or 4 in. piping. It is equip­ped with a hollow spindle throug which tubing is fed into a self-centering hydraulically actuated automatic chu ■ Two tool holders are mounted on a face plate carried on spindle. Pressing start button begins the automatic ma chine cycle. Tube is advanced by P°'' , feed rolls and strikes an air opera ^ target stop for positioning the en tubing for length, chuck closes, P°' feed rolls are stopped and target s: is pulled clear of the end of tube.

/ t E * 1

JuJy 16,1945

> " *0 O ®- i S

o sOfluO flOw /

o r e d u m p i n g — Faster, Less Costlyfor th is Im portant S te e lm a k e r

w ith Rolling Trunnion

AIR DUMP CARSExtra capacity—70 cubic yards normal loading . . . low center oi gravity . . . steep dumping angle . . . rapid and free dis­charge of load . . . these cars are readily adaptable to m a n y other haulage jobs in industry where lower costs, quick dumping and long trouble-free service life are vitally im­portant. Pressed Steel Car Engineers are available to de­velop special designs for specific job requirements. Descrip­tive, technical bulletins on request.

O re being quickly dumped from Rolling Trunnion Air Dump Cars ^

use of cable sliding through rings or guides to actuate the gripping cant .1S eliminated. Through the action of gripping cam shackle, work is gripP0“ instantly and firmly the moment tens'0 is applied to lift by crane even lh«"S body of the clamp is in a horizon position.

There is an inserted swivel jaw site gripping cam of the clamp. fp ^ junction with the gripping cam, s"1'

then advance simultaneously by cams on a sleeve over outside of spindle until they strike tube. A speed co trul valve regulates feed of tools through tube wall An adjustable limit switch reverses tools after cut is completed.

Chuck then opens, power conveyor

again starts to feed tube through the spindle, pushing out the cut piece which rolls down the table and strikes a flag switch which brings the automatic target stop back into position.

Lifting ClampKnown as Renfroe, a new type of

clamp for 1.fling steel plale is being marketed by Paul Henry Co.. 2SV3T Soiilh La Cienega boulevard, Los Angeles. The

The shop which builds a variety of prod­ucts in varying size lots, needs something much more flexible than the conventional type of precision boring machine. It must be able to handle jobs both large and small w ith a m inim um of set-up and change-over tim e . It must be quickly aligned, equipped with an accurate meth­od of spacing holes and a quick means of changing speeds and feeds.

S I M P L E X

M A C H I N E F O R A T H O U S A N D J O B SA SIMPLEX 3U Knee Type Precision Boring Machine is here shown with an indexing fixture for precision boring several parts in a heavy transmission. The hole sizes differ, so a quick means of changing speed is of great advantage. Various fixtures are used which can be made of the most desired proportions and the machine adjusted to suit the work. Boring and facing feed changes are quickly and conveniently made by means of the star knobs on the bed. A ll controls are within the operator's easy reach. One of the most valuable features is the fact that when once set up for a job, operation is reduced to loading and unloading the work and pushing the starting button. Let our representative study your work and tell you more of the many advantages of these advanced designs.

P r e c i s i o n B o r i n g M a c h i n e sS T O K E R U N I T C O R P O R A T I O NSIMPLEX Precision Boring and Planer Type Mil ling Machines

4532 West Mitchell Street, Milwaukee 14, Wisconsin

Jujy 16,1945 .151

jaw provides a deeper and more secure bite on plate. Clamps are available in 1, 1%, 3, 5, 10 and 20 ton capacities.

u n itio ni n a t A ir Cylinder

A new double-acting nonrotating air cylinder is announced by Gerotor May Corp., 444 Tacoma avenue, Logansport, Ind. Keeper ring design assures leak- proof construction and permits covers to be rotated to any position , for convenient location of pipe connections.

These cylinders can be used for 150 lb air and 300 lb oil and water service. Those used for oil hydraulic service are obtainable with auto type piston ring

Ammunition Boxeswith

construction. Self-adjusting composition packings are used for cups and piston rod.

Other features include: Large pip« connection; ample bronze rod guide; oversize alloy piston rod; heavy duty piston assembly and heavy duty alloy covers. These cylinders are available in seven standard mountings, in twelve diameter bores, in any length of stroke.

made of

KEYSTONEG rind ing Attachment

A new grinding attachment for sharp­ening bent and hook shank taps is an­nounced by Edward Blake Co., 634 Com­monwealth avenue, Newton Center 59, Mass. This attachment can be mounted on and removed quickly from any « the company’s No. 2 tap grinders. It permit grinding the chamfer on any bent shank tapper tap up to %-in.— 13 used

Elco screws and bolts . . . though insigni­ficant in relation to the size of the com­pleted product on which they’re used . . . play a major role in production and assem­bly. Literally millions of them, of every conceivable shape and size, find their way into countless items for both war and peace.The versatility of Elco screws and bolts is matched by the Keystone wire from which they are made. Whether the needs call for special analysis or what-have-you, Key­stone delivers quality wire that “fills the bill.”Soon, we hope, Keystone wire will be available for civilian production in great­ly increasing amounts.*Elco Tool & Screw Corporation, Rockford, III. on the 1/8, 3/16, Vi, 3 /8 or %-in. auto­

matic tappers, and any hook shank tap up to 9/16-in.— 18 used on Vi, %, or VAn■ precision tappers as made by Nation® Machinery Co., Tiffin, O.

Either right or lefthand taps with - 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, or 10 flutes may be sharpy ened on the chamfer with any of relief desired. Both precision and sPeec axe attained as the tap grinder is °Pf' ated in the usual manner when attacfl ment is used.

KEYSTONE STEEL & WIRE GOPEORIA 7, ILLINOIS

Coppered, Tinned, Annealed,

Galvanized c=7

lecial Analysis Wirefor All Industrial

Uses —ossa as

Millions of whirling abrasive wheels, trained in war’s tough school of precision finishing, each doing a prime job in laboratory, tool room, aboard ship, on pro­duction line. And — they're all set and eager to tackle civilian goods when peace machinery is singing again.Whether it’s removing burrs, smoothing edges, squaring surfaces so accurately that the finish can be measured in micro inches, or cut-off work— there’s a Chicago ready to do a top-ranking job for you.VITRIFIED GRINDING WHEELS with a 50-year pedigree. Up to 3" in diameter in various abrasives and bonds including the famous FV Bond.MOUNTED WHEELS. The largest assortment made with a shape and abrasive to take care of every internal and external finishing job.CUT-OFF WHEELS. All types and sizes. Now offered with the sensational new special-formula RT Bond (rubber or resinoid).

S a n d c o u p o n f o r ¡ l l u i t r a t o d C a t a l o g

CHICAGO W HEEL & MFG. CO.1101 W . Monroe St., Dept ST, Chicago 7, III.

SEND FOR TEST W HEELLearn first-hand about Chicago's superiority. Tell us what you have to finish, size wheel you'd like and we'll mail one promptly.

★ Half a century of specialization has estab­lished our reputation as the Small W hee l People of the Industry.

Send Catalog. Interested in 0 Grinding W heels 0 Mounted W hee ls 0 Cut-off W heels 0 Send Test W heel. S ize---------

Name _

Address _

Jul>’ 16, 1945 153

BUILDERS OF RUMPS FOR M AN U FA C TU R IN G . M A R IN E . PETRO LEU M . AND PROCESS IN D U STR IES

P U M P S E S P E C I A L L Y E N G I N E E R E D T O FIT Y O U R R E Q U I R E M E N T S

P U M P A N D <' MO T. Of t U N I T S

F L A N G E M O U N T E D

/ T E Ê 1

Fast Hole Production( Continued from Page 115)

of 980 individual holes per hour.Some idea of the length of tool life

obtained can be had from the fact that a tap on tire above job will finish 500- 800 pieces, some 14,000 to 22,400 holes.

For tapping, the control system differs somewhat from that used in drilling and reaming, llere resetting of the tool is accomplished by reversing the motor and backing tire tap out of the threaded hole, done by a reversing switch seen mounted on the column just back of or to the right of the drive mechanism in Fig. 4. This switch in turn is operated by a tapered ball on a spindle which trips lever arms extending from tire switch mechanism. T hese parts can he seen just above the work fixture in Fig. 4.

Drill Sharpening: All the drilling work is done with regular jobber drills pur­chased from stock. It is interesting to note that experience here with various makes of drills shows that one particular make turns out 50-60 per cent more holes than the next best and is 200-300 per cent better than the poorest tried.

In drilling 0.368-in. diameter holes in ■ft-in. thick SAE-1010, about 10 pieces with 48 holes each are drilled before the tool must be resharpened—that’s al­most 500 holes per sharpening. All drills are given a U-shaped point, most of the sharpening being done on a small bench grinder by C. A. Bachman, foreman of the drilling department, who also helped engineer the hole production setups. Davis Tool engineers did all the work in designing and building the setups pic­tured here in Figs. 1, 2 and 4.

Good Accuracy; Few Rejects: In tap­ping, the machine operator handles a 10 per cent inspection. In drilling and ream­ing, the inspection is done by oilier men than the operatort. Rejections run sur­prisingly low. Usually a lot of 2000 parts will have only 3-4 rejects, reports Mr. Ragland. A typical job of 8S0 pad5 checked out with only a single reject And when it is remembered that there may be up to 48 boles in each piece* this is seen to be a good showing, indeed.

Mr. Ragland says that most rejects oc­cur because the drilling jigs wear ana so allow tire hole center to shift. On most drills, the outside diameter shows wear before the point. Of course, mis would be expected because of contact against the hardened steel guide bush- mgs.

Davis Tool began with one automata head in a single drilling setup. It Pr0'.e, so satisfactory' that now six of die mode H units are in use, including those shown here in Figs. 1, 2 and 4.

How It Works: An automatic head with outer cover removed is pictured in J*®'7. This is the smallest of three models Known as Model C, this unit empl°>9 “ Vi-hp single-phase motor of the sen«* type with a free running speed of 1A rpm, full load speed of 5,500 rpm- 1*’ mediately adjacent to the motor frafl!e

tv id R O P E R P U M P S

S e n d f o r C a t a l o g a n d B o o k l e t ; “How To Solve Pumping Problems” No. 7-48G et full sto ry o n R o p er tim e-tested p rin c ip le an d free en­g in ee rin g service. C atalog con ta ins add resses o f R o p er pum p eng ineers and service offices in p rin c ip a l cities.

G E O . D . R O P E R C O R P . , R O C K F O R D , I L L ,

F L O A T IN G W EA R . G ears a re entirely sepa­ra te from drive shaft w hich allow s shaft to carry d riv in g loads.

From this Steel M ill’s pumping station, arteries of lubrication are extended to giant drives, rack and manipulator bearings, table rollers, and moving parts of screw- doxvn mechanisms to reduce friction to a minimum. Here, Roper Pumps operate year in and year out maintaining a constant flow of lubrication under pressure, protect­ing precious equipment from undue wear.

H E P L A C E M E N T B E A R I N G SF our la rge , h igh-lead b ronze bear­in g s keep shafts in a lignm ent. Easy to ' rep lace, a t lo w cost, w ithou t d is tu rb in g p ip in g o r m ountings.

In this and in other steel mills throughout America, Roper "Rotaries” demonstrate that dependability and top performance is precision-built into their simple, clean-cut design. You can safely specify Ropers for any job where pressure lubrication is an important factor. They are tailored from standard units to fit individualized require­ments. Ask about direct-drive units that install easily and save space.

m w m

C A L L O U R N E A R E S T O F F I C E

1200 TIM ES-STAR BLDG.

CINCINNATI 2, OHIO

TEL. CHERRY 0691

1280 AMHERST PLACE ST. LOUIS 12, MO!

TEL. CABANY 3397

100 171h A V E ., N O RTH

M INNEAPOLIS 11, MINN.

TEL. CHERRY 4457

76 7 TRELAWNEY AVE.TEMPLE CITY, CALIF.

TEL. ATWATER 7-1059

3844 W. W ISCONSIN AVE. M ILWAUKEE 8, WISC.

TEL. WEST 3810

441 LEX IN G T O N AVE. N EW YO RK 17, N. Y. TEL. VANDERBILT 6-2750

£°!-D F IN IS H E D BARS • A I RCRAFT STRIP STEEL • C O L D ROLLED STR I P STEEL • STEEL BALLS ^ °LD R O L L E D S H I M S T E E L • S H E E T S T E E L • R O U N D E D G E FLAT W I R E • F E E L E R G A U G E LEM P E R E D A N D A N N E A L E D S P R I N G S T E E L * R O U N D W I R E S • „ D R I L L R O D

F E E L E R G A U G E • « D R I L L R O D

G E R E R A I S T E E L W A R E H O U S E I S .CHICAGO 39, 1830 N. KOSTNER AVENUE, Belmont 4266

I ^ W e w i l tW e will gladly

s e n d y o u fu l l

descriptive and

application data

on SCAIFLUX.ffif; _ ____ s s ya l o w TEMPERATURE BRAS

F I V t P Q B W D S

mm m sxm iasiffssm^J * :;a:ctwe;KiötsS ißiö '

NON-CORROSIVE

SC AI FE COMPANYFounded 1802

O AKM ONT (Pittsburgh District), Penna

is the electric brake which stops the unil at completion of the working stroke and thus allows the feeding mechanism to return to “start” position.

Just to the right of the electric brake is the centrifugal feeding mechanism with its radially moving weights and dual cones between which the weights work to provide the end thrust utilized to feed the drill into the work. Endwise move­ment of the spindle is used to control the “stop” and “return” portions of the working stroke, as will be explained. This model has a %-in. stroke of the feeding device, and takes A to 14-in. collets.

Five Model C units are employed in the setup pictured in Fig. 6 to drill brass fuze parts from five directions simul­taneously. A quick-acting work clamp and automatic work discharge help ob­tain an output of 12 pieces per minute working two No. 49 drills, two No. 65 drills and one No. 50 drill.

Next larger unit, Model E, uses a con­stant speed (3450 rpm) Vi-hp, 3- phase 60-cycle motor. This model has a 114-in. maximum stroke, accommodates collets from s's to 14-in. Fig. 5 shows five of these units arranged radially around an indexing type fixture with speed clamps for handling a high out­put of small parts. This model also uses an electric brake.

Largest unit, Model H, is the type employed on Davis Tool’s individual setups, Figs. 1, 2 and 4 and also in the multiple head setup, Fig. 3, where eight Model H heads are mounted radially on a face plate that is tilted at an angle for easy loading and unloading of tire fix­ture. Eight rik-in. diameter holes are drilled simultaneously through ib-in. o! steel in 2 sec in this setup. Work fits in centrally located fixture carrying guide bushings. Note nut with four radial pins for speedily clamping work in the fixture- individual tubes carry lubricant to each drill point. ,

These larger automatic drill heads are fitted with a %-hp, 3-phase 60-cyce 2-speed motor. Working speed is L® rpm. A second speed of about 550 rpm is used for dynamic braking to reset the feeding mechanism. Use of the 2-speed motor eliminates the need for an elector brake as used in the other two modes and makes for a somewhat simplify head.

Feed Action Explained: Fig. 3 5section through the Model H head. The force to feed the drill through the wor' is developed by the weights (156). Tw°> three, four or six weights are used, de­pending upon the amount of "push tw> the tool can absorb on the particular jo at hand. In any case, the weights a« positioned around the circumference : balance when running. The action is d plained by O. R. Aronson of Govr* Nelson Co., Detroit, as follows:

Weights are free to move radially o the spacer (166). Sloping outer surfs of weights contact the cup (146) 'v*u rotates in a fixed position and the cu (136) which is free to move length'' . on the quill (076). The sliding cup («° also carries the two latches or dogs ( - on pivot pins (186). These two latches e-

156 / T E Et

I n l l i Ł I P I F l Ü i * T

1. Pilot ValvesVickers Inc.— 24-page illustra ted bu lle tin No.

44-7 describes line o f p ilo t valves fo r oil hydraulic systems. R otary, p lunger and sole­noid operated p lunger type valves fo r use as initial or sequential control of o th e r valves or elements are covered.

2. Speed ReducersUniversal G ear C orp .— 8-page illustra ted

“Universal Uses of O ur U n its" shows app li­cations of heliocentric an d helical gear speed re ­ducers which range in capacity from 1 /8 to 10 ,- 000 horsepower.

3. Industrial PaintsU. S. Gutta Percha P a in t Co.— 16-page il­

lustrated bulletin “ Color fo r In d u stry " discusses advantages and d isadvantages of using colored paints in finishing in teriors of industria l p lan ts . Color for safety, seeing, m axim um illum ination and other purposes is covered.

4. Small DrillsWhitman & B a in e s — 4-page illu s t ra te d b oo k-

lot lists specifications a n d p r ic e s o f H e rc u le s precision tw ist d r i l ls a n d w a tc h m a k e rs ( f la t ) onlJj in both s tra ig h t a n d o v e rs iz e s h a n k models,

5. Air CompressorsW o rth ing ton P u m p & M a c h in e ry C o rp .— 4-

page illustrated b u lle t in N o . H - 6 2 0 - B 2 1 C de­scribe single-stage a n d tw o -stag e , ta n k m o u n te d feather Valve a i r co m p resso rs . S p e c if ic a t io n s are given.

High-Cycle Accessories&wo Prod ucts C o .— 1 0 -p ag e i llu s t ra te d

manual "A irc a ft A cce sso rie s fo r 4 0 0 - C y c le Motor Operation" is p re p r in t o f p a p e r p rese n te d Wore section m ee tin g o f S . A , E . b y R a y G . flOit, sales eng ineer. A p p lic a t io n s , p e rfo rm a n ce “ arts and d escrip tio ns o f h ig h -c y c le e q u ip m e n t 418 presented.

JigsR A. W oo dw orth C o .— 1 6 -p ag e I llu s t ra te d

g g f c f l g ca ta lo g N o . 4 5 - J d esc rib e s o p e r- 5^ °r jig and e xp la in s s ix n e w fe a tu re s . D a ta ^ and d im ensio n d ra w in g s o f th re e s ty le s ,

b ridge a n d th ree -p o st ty p e s , a re in -

flexible Couplingsh J u ? & M fg . C o .— 1 6 -p ag e i llu s tra te d

No. F C - 1 lis ts sp e c if ica tio n s o f ro lle r g 3 and silen t c h a in types o f f le x ib le c o u p lin g s .

; ^prices, d im e n s io n s , h o rse p o w e r ra t in g s a n d Ca‘ ** factors a re ta b u la te d . D e ta ils a re g iv e n

alum in u m co ve rs a n d fin ish e d ro lle r

j Hoists-Trolleys-Cranes( 0 % M fg . D i v . , A m e r ic a n C h a in & C a b le ^^o0-page I l lu s t ra te d ca ta lo g N o . 1 2 -D

hoiih an(* g*ves P ric e s ° f co m p le te l in e o f ¿ A l l e y s a n d c ra n e s , to g eth er w it h sp e c i­f ic s ? ' d im ens io na l d ra w in g s , a n d c u ta w a y

un ts< B a rts l is t s a n d accesso ries a re

I 10- industrial Furnaces& C o .— 7 8 -p a g e i llu s t ra te d sec-

^ i file fo ld e r ty p e ca ta lo g c o n ta in s d e- ® d te c h n ic a l in fo rm a tio n o n re h e a t

(a o heating fu rn a c e s , fu e l o i l a n d its u se , i g J 11 in d u s tr ia l fu e l a n d e n g in e e r in g d a ta ,

equ ipm ent is a lso co v e re d .

er and Abrasive Head^ Sand*¿ J * * ? * M o u ld e r C o rp .— 8-p ag e illu s tra te d

No. 5 3 is d e s c r ip t iv e o f n e w b ru sh - a b ra s iv e h e a d w h ic h is d e-

* ° r ^n is l in S i r re g u la r su rfa ce s . iijnJ® sb ips fe e d u p b etw ee n b r is t le s o f b ru sh ££ /* C o u n te d o n w h e e l a n d re a d ily co n -

P o e t ic a l ly a n y c o n to u r . H e a d c a n b e standard g rin d e rs a n d p o lis h in g stand s.

12. Bright Nickel PlatingU d y lite C o zp ,— 8-p ag e illu s t ra te d b u lle t in

“ T h e U d y lite P ro ce ss o f B r ig h t N ic k e l P la t in g " d iscusses a d va n ta g e s , a p p lic a t io n s , p ro ce d u re a n d o th e r d e ta ils o f th is p ro ce ss . T y p ic a l p la t­in g e q u ip m e n t a n d accesso ries fo r b r ig h t n ic k e l p la t in g a re d e sc r ib e d .

13. Bar ShearsT h o m a s M a c h in e M fg ;. C o .— ¿-p ag e i l lu s t r a t ­

e d b u lle t in N o . 3 1 7 g ive s g e n e ra l sp e c if ica tio n s o f s te e l p la te b a r sh e a rs . T a b le o f p u n c h in g p re ssu re s fo r ro u n d h o le s is in c lu d e d .

14. Electric FurnaceT h e rm o E le c t r i c M fg . C o .— 2-p ag e illu s tra te d

b u lle t in “ T e m c o E le c t r i c F u rn a c e M o d e l O F E " in c lu d e s in fo rm a t io n a n d sp e c if ica tio n s o f th is m o d e l. U n it is f u l l y d e sc r ib e d a n d p r ic e is lis te d .

15. Metal Cleaning UnitsO p tim u s E q u ip m e n t C o .— 4-page illu s tra te d

b u lle t in N o . 4 E 1 d escrib e s e n g in e e r in g a n d m a n u fa c tu r in g o f w a s h in g , r in s in g , p ic k lin g an d d ry in g e q u ip m e n t fo r m e ta l p o rts . S m a ll p o rt­a b le u n its a n d la rg e a u to m a tic in s ta lla t io n s a re co v e re d .

16. Floor MachineG . H . T e n n a n t C o .— 2-p ag e illu s t ra te d b u l­

le t in N o . 8 1 .5 - C d esc rib e s m o d e l K in d u s t r ia l flo o r m a c h in e . F e a tu re s a n d d im e n s io n s a re c o v e re d . M a c h in e c a n u se s te e l w o o l, sa n d in g ro lls o r s te e l w ire b ru sh e s .

17. Copper PlatingU n ite d C h ro m iu m In c .——6-p ag e i llu s t ra te d

b u lle t in o n U n ic h ro m e a lk a l in e co p p e r p la t in g d esc rib e s p ro cess w h ic h is c la im e d to a ffo rd fa s t p ro d u c tio n o f sm o o th , d u c t i le d e p o s its . C h a r ­a c te r is t ic s o f p la t in g , e q u ip m e n t , p ro c e d u re , p la t in g t im e a n d o th e r d a ta a re p rese n te d .

18. Plug GagesU n ite d P re c is io n P ro d u c ts C o .— 1 4 -p a g e i l ­

lu s tra te d ca ta lo g N o . 4 2 d esc rib e s co m p le te l in e o f p re c is io n p lu g g ag es. D e ta ils a re g iv e n on p re c is io n p in sets in n u m b e r d r i l l s iz e s , le tte r d r i l l s ize s a n d f r a c t io n a l in c h s iz e s . S ta n d a rd a n d s p e c ia l p lu g s gages ore d e sc rib e d .

19. Business FormsU n ite d A u to g ra p h ic R e g is te r C o .— P o rtfo lio

c o n ta in s sco res o f a c tu a l sam p les o f b u s in e ss fo rm s u sed b y in d u s t r ia l a n d b us in e ss f irm s . A d v a n ta g e s o f U a rc o system co n tin u o u s fo rm s , E - Z O u ts a n d a u to g ra p h ic re g is te rs a n d fo rm s a re p rese n te d .

20. Surface CleaningT u rc o P ro d u c ts In c .— 4-pagje te c h n ic a l d a ta

b u l le t in N o . A - 3 2 6 “ T u rc o M a te r ia ls fo r S h ip ­b u i ld in g " d iscu sses la b o r sa v in g c h e m ic a l m e th ­od s fo r c le a n in g , p a in t s t r ip p in g a n d co rro s io n re m o v a l.

21. Wire HandlesE . H . T it c h e n e r & C o .— 2 4 -p a g e i llu s tra te d

b u lle t in d escrib e s m a n y typ e s a n d s ize s o f w ire h a n d le s , b o th s ta n d a rd a n d s p e c ia l sh ap es . S ty le n u m b e r , d ie n u m b e r a n d w ire s iz e fo r s ta n d a rd h a n d le s a re g iv e n .

22. Template DiesA lg o m a P ro d u c ts— 4 -p ag o illu s tra te d fo ld e r

" A W o rd to th e W is e C o n c e rn in g D ie s " p resen ts ad van tag es o f A lg o m a te m p la te d ie s . F e a tu re s in c lu d e s e lf-s tr ip p in g , se lf-a lig n m e n t , h e a t tre a t­m e n t a n d m o u n tin g .

23. Nuts & BoltsT r ip le x S c re w C o .— 2 2 % x 3 5 - in c h w a l l c h a rt

sho w s v a r io u s types o f cap s c re w s , b o lts , fin ish e d n u ts , se m i- fin ish e d n u ts a n d h o t p ressed n u ts . D im e n s io n s , w e ig h t a n d p r ic e s a re lis te d fo r e ac h ty p e . In c lu d e d is ta b le o f d isco u n ts .

riBST CLASS PKSMTT No, 88 (SoclSIOPXAc* Cleveland. OU»

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NAME T I T L E

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P R O D U C T SM A N U F A C T U R E D

ADDRESS

C I T Y A N D S T A T E

T M t e n d MV8T h e oompteteiu fiBed o u t . Pleat* T Y P E o r F H D f T

24. Materials HandlingT o w m o to r C o rp .— D a ta f i le o f T o w m o to r m a ­

te r ia ls h a n d lin g e q u ip m e n t in c lu d e s ca ta lo g s a n d b u lle t in s i llu s t ra t in g a n d d e sc r ib in g a p p li­ca tio n s o f in d u s t r ia l t ru c k s , a v a ila b le accesso ries a n d o p e ra tin g d a ta a n d sp e c if ica tio n s o f v a r io u s ty p e s . S e rv ic in g a n d m a in te n a n c e fe a tu re s a re co v e re d .

25. Welding Rod HoldersT w e c o P ro d u c ts C o .— 1 2 -p ag e i llu s tra te d

ca ta lo g N o . 1 9 4 5 d escrib es H o l- G r ip w e ld in g e le c tro d e h o ld e rs , R e d h e a d g ro u n d c la m p s , ho o ks a n d w e d g e s , S o l-C o n a n d ty p e D M c a b le co n n ec to rs , S o l-C o n m a c h in e te rm in a ls , T w e c o - lu g s a n d j ig a n d f ix tu re c la m p s . S p e c if ic a t io n s a n d p rice s a re g iv e n .

26. Torque MotorsB . A . W e sc h e E le c t r ic C o .— 8-p ag e illu s tra te d

b u lle t in S a l 7 d escrib e s W e lc o custom b u i lt e le c tr ic m oto rs fo r s p e c ia l a p p lic a t io n s . F e a tu re s a n d ty p ic a l u n its a re sh o w n . C o n v e n ie n t sheets a re in c lu d e d fo r re q u e stin g in fo rm a tio n to m eet s p e c if ic need s.

27. SteelZ iv S tee l & W ir e C o .— 8 4 -p ag e p o ck e t s ize

b o o k le t “ Z iv ’ s Q u a lit y S tee ls ” g ive s in fo rm a tio n o n c h a ra c te r is t ic s , a p p lica t io n s a n d h e a t tre a t­m en t o f co m p an y ’s ca rb o n a l lo y h ig h speed tool a n d d ie s te e ls . W e ig h t tab le s o f ro und s a n d fla ts a n d sectio n on h e a t tre a tm e n t co m ­p le te b o o k .

28. Machine Cutting TipsA i r R e d u c tio n Sa le s C o .— 1 2 -p ag e illu s tra te d

b u lle t in N o . A D G - 2 0 0 8 d escrib e s A IR C O “ 4 5 " a n d “ 4 5 M " H ig h S p e ed tip s fo r fa s t m a c h in e gas c u tt in g . Im p ro v e d q u a l it y a n d n a rro w e r k e r f a re c la im e d . T y p ic a l setups a n d e n g in e e r­in g ch a rts a re in c lu d e d .

29. Seamless TubingW o lv e r in e T u b e D iv . , C a lu m e t & H e c la C o n ­

so lid a te d C o p p e r C o .— 2 2 x 3 2 - in c h w a l l flo w c h a rt illu s tra te s a n d d escrib es p rocessess u sed in m a k in g seam less n o n fe rro n s tu b in g . P h o to ­g rap h s a n d sch e m a tic d ra w in g s e x p la in p ro ce ss .

STEEL

30. Abrasive ProductsA b ra s iv e C o .— 4-p ag e b u lle t in N o . E S A - 7 2

p rese n ts th is co m p a n y ’s n e w s ta n d a rd m a rk in g system fo r g r in d in g w h e e ls a n d o th e r b ond ed a b ra s iv e s . S y stem covers k in d o f a b ra s iv e , a b ra s iv e ty p e , g ra in s iz e , g ra d e , s tru c tu re , bond typ e a n d m a n u fa c tu re r ’ s re c o rd . A d d it io n a l w a l l c h a r t o f m a rk in g s is a lso in c lu d e d .

31. Electric MotorsA ilis - C h a lm e rs M fg . C o .— 2 4 -p a g e illu s tra te d

p o c k e t s iz e h an d b o o k “ A G u id e to W a rt im e C a re o f E le c t r ic M o to rs” re la te s p re ca u t io n s to ta k e to in c re a se l i f e a n d e ff ic ie n c y o f m o to rs . C h a r t lis ts co m m o n sym p to m s, causes a n d cu res o f m a n y m o to r a ilm e n ts .

32. Laminated Lignln PlasticW a le s - S t r ip p it C o rp .— 4 -p a g e b u lle t in N o .

6 d escrib es p ro p e rtie s a n d uses o f W a le s ite o il re s is ta n t l ig n in p la s t ic b o a rd . P h y s ic a l p ro p ­e rtie s a n d m eth o d s o f w o rk in g a re g iv e n . P la s ­t ic is u sed fo r W a le s p la te sets o f p la te set system a n d te m p la te s to m o u n t W a le s ho le p u n c h in g a n d n o tc h in g u n its .

33. Aluminum TubingR e y n o ld s M e ta ls C o .— 8-p ag e b u lle t in 1 7 -A

lis ts sp e c if ic a t io n s , co m p o sit io n , d im e n s io n a l to l­e ra n ce s , in te rn a l p ressu re s a n d g en e ra l in fo r ­m a tio n o n a lu m in u m tu b in g . A v a ila b le s izes a n d se c tio n s , a llo y s , te m p e rs , fin ish es a n d id e n ­tif ic a t io n a re d iscu ssed .

34. ResistorsW a rd L e o n a rd E le c t r ic C o .— 32 -p ag e i l lu s t ra ­

te d b u lle t in N o . 2 5 d escrib e s v a r io u s types o f re s is to r u n its a n d g ive s s iz e s , re s is ta n ce v a lu e s , m o u n tin g s a n d c lo su re s . “ H o w to S e le c t the R ig h t R e s is to r" is a fe a tu re .

35. Roll Forming MachinesT is h k e n P ro d u c ts— 7 2 -p a g e p la s t ic -b o u n d

ca ta lo g i llu s tra te s a n d d escrib e s n u m e ro u s ro ll fo rm in g m a ch in e s fo r z in c , s te e l, b ro n ze , a lu ­m in u m a n d o th e r m e ta ls . S p e c if ica tio n s a n d ty p ic a l ro lle d section s a re sh o w n . F la t te n in g m a c h in e s , b en d in g m a c h in e s , b u lld o z e rs , s lit t in g m a c h in e s , cu to ff m a c h in e s , s to ck h o ld e rs an d som e s p e c ia l m a ch in e s a re a lso d e sc r ib e d .

7-16-45

36. Production FacilitiesY o rk S a fe & L o c k C o .— 48-page illustrate

p la s t ic -b o u n d ca ta lo g “ C a n Y o u U tilize The; F a c i l i t ie s in Y o u r P o s tw a r P roduction?" d sc r ib e s e n g in e e r in g , p la n n in g an d productic fa c ilit ie s o f co m p an y ’ s th re e p lan ts fo r postm p ro d u c tio n . P ro d u c ts m a n u fa c tu re d during tl w a r a n d a v a ila b le m a c h in e ry a n d equipment a co v e re d .

37. Ventilating FansL . J . W in g M fg . C o .— 8-page illustrati

b u l le t in N o . F - 9 d esc rib e s n e w W ingfo il fi w h e e l, s t ra ig h t l in e d u c t fa n an d elbow tyi d u c t fa n . M a n y types o f in s ta lla tio n s are show C a p a c ity ta b le s , d im e n s io n s a n d engineerii d a ta a re in c lu d e d .

33. Electronic ControlsW h e e lc o In s tru m e n ts C o .— 12-pag e illustrati

b u lle t in N o . Z 6 3 0 0 co n ta in s condensed listm o f co m p a n y ’s p r in c ip a l e q u ip m en t, includii te m p e ra tu re c o n tro l in s tru m e n ts , ind ica ting pyr m e te r co n tro lle rs o f u n iv e r s a l an d surface typ< in p u t c o n tro lle rs , p ro g ram co n tro lle rs , portab p o te n tio m e te rs , F la m -o tro ls , in d ica tin g pyr m e te rs , in d ic a t in g re s is ta n ce thermometers ai a ccesso ry e q u ip m e n t .

39. Weld Spatter PreventiveW o lfe -K o te C o .— F iv e illu s tra te d data she«

p re se n t f u l l in fo rm a t io n o n A n ti-S p a tte r weldi sp a tte r p re v e n t iv e , N o . 2 0 T r i - F lu x fo r a ll me a ls e xce p t s ta in le s s s te e l a n d M o n e l metal, Ca b o n C le e n fo r c le a n in g a lu m in u m cores ar N o . 5 T r i - F lu x fo r so ld e rin g .

40. PackingW e a th e rh e a d C o .— 8-p ag e illu s tra te d buHct:

“ W e a th e rh e a d T - R in g P a c k in g " describes d ve lo p m e n t a n d a p p lica t io n o f th is type packin fo r sea ls in c y lin d e rs , s w iv e l jo in ts , struts an o th e r a p p lica t io n s w h e re p ressu res are abov c u rre n t p ra c t ic e . D e s ig n fe a tu re s , advantage te st d a ta a n d m etho d s o f in s ta lla t io n are cm e re d .

41. Aluminum Welding & Brazing

A lu m in u m C o . o f A m e r ic a — 110-page i lu s tra te d w ire -b o u n d p o ck e t s iz e booklet “ Welt in g a n d B ra z in g A lc o a A lu m in u m " presea s p e c if ic in s tru c t io n s fo r u s in g com m ercially m p o rta n t p ro ce sse s . V a r io u s m ethods o f gas ^ e le c tr ic w e ld in g a n d n e w ly developed join« m e th o d fo r fu rn a c e , to rc h a n d d ip brazing 1 a lu m in u m a llo y s a re co v e re d .

42. Wire Rope ShearsW a tso n -S H U m a n C o .— 8-p ag e illustrated 1“

le t in N o . A - 6 , th ird e d it io n , describes hand tf l iy d r a u l ic a l ly o p e ra te d sh ea rs fo r cutting con m e rc ia l g rad e w ire ro p e , f la t an d round bars w v a ry in g sh ap e s . S p e c if ic a t io n s , capacity sp a re p a rts a n d p r ic e s a re g iv e n .

43. Surface CoatingW a ile s D o v e -H c rm is to n C o rp .— 1-page i l 31

t ra te d fo ld e r N o . 3 4 5 d esc rib e s B itum astic r • 5 0 th ic k f i lm c o a t in g fo r su rfa ce protection < m e ta l a n d c o n cre te su rfa ce s ag a inst corrosi' a n d d e te rio ra tin g co n d it io n s . Applications l is t o f m a te ria ls to w h ic h i t is impervious in c lu d e d .

44. SpringsA c c u ra te S p r in g M fg . C o .— 36-page ilto

tra te d “ H a n d b o o k o f T e c h n ic a l S p r in g s " c o n ta in s g e n e ra lly u sab le data ana fo rm a tio n . D e s ig n d a ta o n extension, s io n a n d h e lic a l sp r in g s a re g iv e n . Tables lo a d d e fle c tio n a n d c o n ve rs io n formulas typ e s o f end s a re in c lu d e d . M ethods o f orden- a re a lso co v e re d .

45. Corrosion Resistant ChainY o u n g sto w n W e ld in g & En g in ee rin g •

4 -p ag e i llu s t ra te d b u lle t in N o . C 1 4 5 J* b en e fits o f W E L D C O M o n e l, InconeJ, nic* a n d s ta in le ss s te e l c h a in . L in k specifications tab le s o f re co m m en d e d a sse m b ly o f sing*® m u lt ip le s lin g c h ain s a re in c lu d e d .

46. Duplicating Equipment ,A d d re sso g ra p h -M u lt ig ra p h C o rp .— T2-pagfi _

lu s tra te d b o o k le t “ P e n n ie s a n d Seconds Y o u r B u s in e s s F o rm s " d escrib es nietnocs S y s te m a t d u p lic a t in g , sh o rt ru n d u p b _ . lo n g ru n d u p lic a t in g a n d M u lt ig ra p h dup c o v e r in g a l l types o f o ffic e a n d industrial

1213 West Third St., Cleveland 13, Ohio

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NAME TITLE1 11 21 31 41

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C I T Y A N D S T A T E

T h U card MUST be completely fitted oat. Flee»* TYPE or PRINT.

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F IR ST C LA SS PER M IT No. 8« <Soo.510PX .& H . Cleveland. Ohio

4 c P O S T A G E WI L L BE P A I D I Y -

S T E E LPenton Building

Readers S .rr lc . Dept. CLEVELAND 13, OHIO

tend through slots in the quill to engage “the key (116) which in turn moves the* spindle (066) lengthwise to feed the , drill into the work,11 As the operator steps on the treadle “switch starting the driving motor in the

icad, the entire mechanism within the housing (016) starts to turn. As it comes up to speed, centrifugal force causes the weights to move radially to some position

* such as that indicated in Fig. 9. Any “ radial motion involves separating the ( two cups as the weights move outwardly j against the inner surfaces of the cups.Hiis action drives the spindle carrying

j the drill down to and through the work, f the dogs (120) transmitting llie cup move­s' ment to the spindle.J As the drill goes through the work,> tire dogs or latches will have moved i lengthwise to a point where they will

engage the inner end of the sleeve (096) which will trip the latches by causing

- the forward end to move outward ra- ,j dially. This in turn releases the spindle ,. sn spring (0-16) can return the spindle J (006) by pushing on the screw (176)

threaded into (lie end of the spindle. The spring (306) takes up the shock of this

» relum motion.I Upon return of die spindle, screwd (1.0) moves Ihe actuator rod (606) which ' extends through (lie hollow shaft of the ’ motor to actuate a micro-switch that dis­

connects tlie motor from die power line and sets (lie electric brake on Models C and E; on Model II, it dirows die motor

, intl> low speed.I-J The resulting slowing down of tbe“i mntur reduces the centrifugal force ex- j ertcd by llie weights, allowing the cup , spring (036) to return llie sliding cup to >1 i|s original position. Then the latch spring

(-66) forces the latches or dogs into die Position shown in Fig. 8 where they en-

j ®‘lKe ^le spindle key (116) ready for die I next drive.d Examination of the mechanism de- ' grilled above reveals careful design,

ute thai the ring spring (206) absorbs»‘ shock of (lie driving action as llie

* nil enn rges through the work and goes fee. Spring (366) takes up the shock of

i p spindle return,j Ai"p|e Adjustment: Maximum lenglh s oi stroke varies from %-in. for the small

j"i| t(l ITs-in. for Model H. Where a ftwm e *s nilt wanted, (lie two lockouts

t firm " n ikrpaded end of the quill !• j , are adjusted to move sleeve (096) '• .n llr|ker, causing the latches to be *| l '? 7 Ike inner end of the sleevei sir p6 *"n . spi,ulle has traveled the full

"s makes it possible to set the i uriif- ? s,r"ke at anv point desired

"><* total range available.1 hv I 6 . * 3 |’S odiustmrnt is obtained )i p ..C la'Ct!'nS Ihe distance the drill pene- I S ? ,nt0 1,16 work’ t,ie spindle re-

lWs ln? same upper point regard-i the. ° . slfoke setting. In operation,

¡. to vviiV7'iS easi^ kold the depth setting i n-T ’i" Pkis nr minus O.OOo-in.* can T exerte( ,n feeding die drill i') done K° i6 vaTaed considerably. This is " (15R1 y °konging die number of weightsI J USed ketween die two cones. Since

i Jut>' 16,1945 15Q

PUT A STOP TO COSTLY a PUNCH PRESS

KORFUND ( i l l

V I B R A T I O N

C O N T R O L

In m any plants today punch press vibration is exacting a high price . . . in building m aintenance . . . in machine re­pairs and/replacem ents . . . in lowered em ployee efficiency . . . in high accident rates . . . and in rejections of work beingdone on nearby precision machines.Punch press vibration is an expensive “ luxury” that few plants can afford.

Transmission of vibration can be stop­ped completely w ith Korfund Vibration Control. This low-cost improvement in plant efficiency w ill p ay for itself m any times over in the peace-time, competi­

tive-manufacturing days ahead.

W rite for four-page bulletin describing the new Type SL Vibroisolator, latest development in anti-vibration engineering. A freecopy w ill be sent to you w ithout obligation.

Punch' .press moun.ed on TH E KORFUND C O M PA N Y , IN C .Jy p e SL Isolators. Steel 48-37 Thirty-second P lrc e . Long island C ity 1, N . Y . springs prevent transmission Representatives in Principal Cities

The oil can’ s ^ g o o d for a "h a n d y m a n " . . . the b r u s l i ^ ^ i s fine for painting . . . the drip ca rTj^ is O K for knife sharpeners . . . But for coolant applications, y o u ’ll get the

m ost out o f y o u r m achine tools w ith —

GRAY-M ILL5IV & H fd e te 'P o n fa ô le

COOLANT SYSTEMSfour customers

read this advgisement in t

uade PQPe s; f through virth

S f t » - R A Y - M I L L S C oolan t System s p rov id e a simple, economical and efficient method

o f applying coolants or cutting oils on prac­tically every machining operation . . . in con­

trolled volume, either constantly or intermittently. They are easily installed and can be switched from one machine to another.

Applying coolants in this inexpensive, dependable way to machines not having a built-in-system, results in stepped-up production because it is possible to increase cutting speeds, lo n g e r tool life and improved finish are also direct results from the use o f these Gray-Mills Coolant Systems.

Are there operations in your plant where makeshift means for coolant application are being used? Are you getting the most out o f taps, drills, m illing cutters, etc? Remember you w ill get the most out o f every machine with a Gray-Mills Coolant System. They are available in a variety o f models, with pans and fittings for every requirement. Send for com­plete informative bulletins today!

G R A Y - M IL L S C O .1937 Ridge Avenue, Evanston, Illinois

FRACTIONAL H. P . P U M P S • PA RTS CLEANING SY STEM S I N D U S T R I A L F L U I D R E F R I G E R A T I N G S Y S T E M S

there is room for six weights, this number provides maximum “push”—some 300 lb for the Model H. But two, three or four weights can also be used instead of the full six, giving other values of feed pressure.

In the small unit, a further automatic feed pressure adjustment is inherent. Since the feed pressure exerted by the head varies as the square of the speed, as well as the number of weights, the use of a series type motor here provides a furdier controlling action. As the drill en­counters a tough spot, the added torque required slows down the motor, in turn greatly reducing the feed pressure. This then allows the drill to “float” against the work until tough spot is passed.

Mr. Aronson explains it is this feature that accounts for the success of these units in drilling small holes and in con­trolling drill breakage.

He also points out that all parts o( tire feed mechanism are heat treated and ground to finish dimensions, enabling all parts to be exact fits and permitting perfect interchangeability.

Mock Plane Checks Electrical System

Before flying an airplane equipped with a 400-cycle, alternating current power system, it is desirable to test the system as a whole on the ground, as operation of each generator, motor, switch, relay, wiring, etc. is affected by the operation of all members of a group. For this reason the Army Air Force has established a mock-up of a 4-engine plane, set up on stands, on which vari­ous components of the alternating current system may be tested as provided by manufacturers. Provision is made for driving the 40 leva ac generators, which are already available from manufacturers through gears or through various hy­draulic constant-speed drives as per­fected. It includes wiring and controls laid out much as in the airplanes, and to them are connected many actual al­ternating current motors, motor-genera- tor sets, radio, and other loads. From a control stand the flight engineers con­trols are simulated so the plane may c "flown” while all elements of the elec trical system are under close observation-

In addition to checking performance o the generators, synchronizing apparatus: regulators, circuit breakers, and mot°r generator sets newly designed for 208-'- 400-cycle operation, the study is probing such questions as whether automatic synchronizing is necessarv, sharing bo’ real and reactive loads, the rapidity w> which short-circuits must be cleared avoid-motor stalling, co-ordination of Prtv tective devices after a fault conditio and many others.

Essential elements of new alterna ng current systems for planes are assumm physical form. On-the-ground testing the elements into a single system is to mark another step in progress tow successful electrical systems. Wes n house Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, has made many of these units.

/ T E E 1

ï t t u t W W M V M '

\ 40» \»gf \

FACTS AND F I G U R E S ON NEW AND E X P A N D E D F AC I L I T I E S OF T H E S T E E L IN DUS T RY A R E NOW R E V E A L E D IN . . .

S t e e l E x p a n s i o n f o r W a r ”

By W. A. H A U C K

I A n official report by Mr. Hauck j I for the War Production Board I

1 9 2 pages of pertinent data on both industry and government financed pro jects . Detailed schedules on ca­pacities, location and cost. Including

148 photographs.

ORDER YOUR COPY NOW.

PR IC E S C H E D U L E *

1- 9 c o p ie s ............................$ 2 .0 0 e a c h

1 0 -2 4 c o p ie s ........................... 1 .8 0 e a c h

2 5 -4 9 c o p ie s .......................... 1 .7 0 e a c h

5 0 -7 4 c o p ie s ........................... 1 .6 0 e a c h

75 -9 9 c o p ie s ........................... 1 .5 5 e a c h

100 o r m o r e ............................... 1 .5 0 e a c h

lease a d d 3% s ta te sa les ta x o n o rd ers for d e liv e r y in O h io .

• Mr. Hauck has been with the Steel Division since its inception in June, 1940, then under the National Defense Advisory Commission (predecessor to W PB). Assigned to the task of expanding and balancing steel capacity for war, Mr. Hauck has inspected both large, and

small plants all over the United States. He prepared several official reports which lead to the addition of 10,000,000 tons of integrated steel capacity, plus over 5,000,000 tons of capac­ity by the expansion of existing facilities.

"STEEL EX PA N SIO N FOR W AR” is an official report on this gigantic undertaking prepared for the War Production Board and other government agencies. A large part of the data will be presented before the Senate when it takes up the problem of disposing of billions of dollars worth of surplus government-owned war plants.

Much heretofore unpublished information is presented on new and revamped facilities of hundreds of plants, including those in the ore, ore transportation, coal and coke, refractory, ferro alloy, scrap, foundry and forging industries. The report provides details on types of products, capacity increases, plant locations, costs, etc. Included are 148 photographs, plus charts and tables.

S T E E L — B o o k D e p a r t m e n t

P e n t o n B u i l d i n g , C l e v e l a n d 1 3 , O h io

P le a s e s e n d c o p ie s o f “ S T E E L E X P A N S I O N F O R W A R / '

b y W . A . H a u c k , p o s t p a id .

Q P a y m e n t i s e n c lo s e d a s p e r p r i c e s c h e d u le a t l e f t .

f~ l S e n d i n v o i c e t o c o m p a n y a s s h o w n b e lo w .

N A M E T IT L E .

C IT Y ZO N E .

H 16, 1945 1 Q1

Sterling Grinding Wheel DivisionO F T H E C L E V E L A N D Q U A R R I E S C O M P A N Y

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STERLING ABRASIVES

Speedier grinding from w heels

that last longer is the usual

result w hen Sterling’s "Wheels

of Industry” are on the job.

Hardening High Speed Steel(Concluded from Page 122)

and in die very near future die well- equipped hardening room may require a refrigerator as much as it now requires quenching baths.

The publication of “The Transforma­tion of detained Austenite in High Speed Steel at Sub-Atmospheric Temperatures”, by P. Gordon ana M. Cohen, Transac­tions, American Society for Metals, Sep­tember, 1942, has stimulated a great deal of work on sub-zero treatment of high speed steel. The statements recorded in this article cover oi.iy the first investiga­tion by the author. In some cases they may not coincide with results obtained by other investigators, but this does not mean that any investigator’s results are in error. It simply points out the sen­sitivity of high speed steel to refrigera­tion, and the effect the entire treatment may have on the results of the refrigera­tion process.

Fig. 1, of accompanying illustrations, shows microstructure at 1250 diameters of high speed steel after treatment No. 1, unrefrigerated. Fig. 2 shows microstruc­ture of high speed steel subjected to treatment No. 3, refrigerated between tempering operations. Fig. 3 is a cross- section of refrigeration unit showing medianol and dry ice surrounding cold chamber.

Sealer Improves Spot Welded Joints

Three types of a new sealer, made for plates that are spot welded together, may be applied by flow gun, brush or spray, Tests have been made with a 3% x 10 x10 in. box made by spot welding all seams at a 3-in. pitch, using this sealer in the joints and filling the box with water. Sample lap joints were made up, X-rayed and sheared into tensile specimens. Other pane.s using the same joint were run11 rough the paint system with or without onderizing and left in a salt spray for 2

weeks.The specimens were said to have test­

ed for a tensile strength to 2600 lb. -fay showed all good welds, and the * ^ n°l leak throughout the 2

" s J est- The sealing compound also ''as said to have given no difficulty in t„e,Paint Process and stood up satisfac- “n 'n Ihe salt spray test. Spot welded

Panels, put through the complete bonder- "jQo C cJe> including a 3 min dip at

E in 2.5 per cent caustic potash, evealed no deleterious effects on the a erial in the seam. The material itself

m I13, to have no corrosive effect onsm S' uSp0t vve eci panels sealed with

weld sealnr show protection at thein 100 per cent relative 0 F for 1 week.

tea, ctite EnSineering Co., 3900 Chou- ■ t. Louis 10, states that all three

Prow tPOt We^ sealer have been arirt0" vP , 6 resistance to dilute

as> alkal*es and mineral oils.

t H 16,1945

seam when kept “umidity at 100

R E A S O N S W H Y I T ' S D I F F E R E N T

AND EVERY I Ï*

R E A S O N IS IN D IC A T E D BY O U R

PATENT CLAIMS ON THIS DESIGN

Reduced glare is an important reason for - < your selection of a Specific Near Infra-red

source. Next, for baking, drying and evap­orating, a radiant source peaking between 13,000 and 14 ,000 Angstrom U nits is most desirable. These are two defin ite reasons for your use of Penetray.

Penetray production is unusually costly because of fila ­ment and construction detail. This, in our opinion, is necessary to a quality product. Lamp life and efficiency is imroved - resistance to vibration being maximum. A nonex arbor protects against softening of glass and re­sulting distortion of filam ent due to sagging. Radiant energy is emitted in both the vertical and horizontal. Honestly, now, don't you want to know more about this new product and the prospect of improved results?IN FO R M A T IO N O N R E Q U E ST - W IT H O U T O B L IG A T IO N

COIIPORATÎOH « TOLEDO >, OHIO J— ------- :— ‘

163

Testing W elded Structures( Continued from Page 126)

representative data, for consideration.Specimens: Tee-shaped specimen like

those in Fig. 2 is formed. It will be seen that a rather large plate is used in order to ensure sufficient mass to approximate the quenching ability of a structure ol large size, and to provide tire welder with several practice increments before reaching the area which is to be tested.

Plates: In the original standard platefrom which the different joints were cut, it will be seen that two joints were pro­vided to be welded in the as-rolled con­dition, and two in the normalized. These four joints were so arranged that the length of the specimens was parallel to the direction of rolling and the weld transverse thereto. This type is called i longitudinal specimen and is the usual type. Recently considerable work has been done on transverse specimens, that is, specimens in which the length of the specimen is transverse to the direction of rolling. When such a joint is desired, it can be cut.

Operations Before Welding: All plate: and stems are automatically torch cut tc size. For normalizing, plates are hole at 1675° F for 1/2-hr, followed by cool­ing in air. The stem is tacked to the plate only at the ends so that no heal effect from the tacking exists in the re­gions to be tested. The exact length ol the increments is marked with chall on the plate before welding, as shown ir Fig. 2.

Welding: The greatest care is userin manual welding to attain maximun uniformity. All welds are deposited h definite increments. Preliminary experi­ments were conducted in which welds o. the actual average size used by the Nav) in some of their tests were made and the length of electrode consumed in niak ing a specific length of weld was deter­mined. Results of these tests were usee to establish a volume control of the siz< of weld. This is accompanied by con trolling length of electrode consumer per increment. Original welding schedu < was to deposit the 2 - T l /16-in. incre ments with 9 3/4-in. (plus or minus 1/ in.) of 5/32-in. diameter electrodes, usinr the following electrical conditions aw speed: Amperes— 130; arc volts-"-1speed of arc travel— 2.55 ipm; length 0 time between deposition of increments" 45 sec; all joints positioned so that a» and face of weld are horizontal. Reccn ! 145 amp and a speed of 2.85 ipm ha'1 been used. This gives the same heat u> put per inch.

The type and make of electrode very important in this test and the Arne ican Welding Society classification 6010 has been regarded as a stan aand is therefore now recommended.

Three increments of weld are depo ted before the part of the joint w11 is to be cut into specimens is reac During that time the welder is a to judge his speed ' and electrode co sumption with such accuracy that pf , tically the exact amount of electro generally used in making the requi t

/ T E E '

F o r in d u s t r ia l m e n k n o w th a t R E X -W E L D F le x ib le M e ta l H o s e p ro v id e s a n a d d e d m e a s u re o f s t r e n g th a n d d e p e n d a b i l i ty fo r h e a v y -d u ty jo b s . T h a t ’s b ecau se it is f a b r ic a te d f ro m s t r ip m e ta l by a p re c is io n a u to g e n o u s w e ld ­in g p ro c e s s t h a t m a k e s a iv e ld stronger than the tube. I n a d d i t io n , C. M . H .’s a d v a n c e d " 5 0 - 5 0 ” p r i n c i p l e o f c o n ­s tru c tio n p ro d u c e s d e e p , u n i f o r m c o r r u g a t i o n s w ith le s s w o r k in g o f th e tu b e w a lls . T h e r e s u l t— flex ib le m e ta l h o s e w ith g r e a t e r i n h e r e n t s t r e n g th . . . e x tr a flexi-

RlE-89 D iesel Exhaust Unit.

b i l i t y . . . l o n g e r s e r v ic e l i f e !T h e y k n o w , to o , th a t R E X -

W E L D h a s t h e r u g g e d n e s s to w ith s ta n d e x tre m e s o f p re s s u re a n d te m p e ra tu re . T h a t , in a d d i­t io n , i t is l e a k p r o o f in co n v ey ­in g s e a rc h in g flu id s ; p re s s u re - t i g h t ; a n d a b l e to w i t h s t a n d p r o l o n g e d v i b r a t i o n , f l e x in g

a n d b e n d in g .S m a l l w o n d e r , t h e n ,

th a t w h e n th e jo b ca lls fo r f lex ib le m e ta l h o s e — i n d u s t r i a l m e n s a y , "L e t’s u se R E X -W E L D !”

C o n su lt C .M .H . a b o u t h o w R E X - W E L D c a n m e e t y o u r r e q u ire m e n ts .

Flexible Metal Hose for Every Industrial Use

11 ACHICAGO f ïlET A LHOSE C o r p o r a t io n

1 # i i I i I mAVUIOOD, ILLINOIS

, Plants: M aywood and Elgin, 111«

. . . that's a fa m ilia r refrain am ong engineers and pro­duction men in every field — d iese l, o il, pow er, m a­c h in e ry , s te e l a n d m a n y others. It's not hard to un­d ersta n d w h y R E X -W ELD h a s a c h ie v e d su c h h ig h s ta n d in g w it h u s e r s of flexible metal hose!

National Supply Company D iesel with RiV-89 All-Steel D iesel Exhaust Unit.

Prestee l Stam ps

High T em p era tu re A lloys

The cups shown above are interesting because o f the

fact that they are stamped from an alloy of 28% chrome, 1% nickel, .35% carbon and the balance iron and impurities. The material is known as type 4 4 6 ; it resists oxidation, and "will withstand temperatures up to 1900° without affecting its shape or strength.

V f O R C E S T E R5 0 7 Barber Avenue

An alloy o f this type is not easily fabricated, but Presteel, after developing an efficient annealing cycle, was able to produce these X-ray parts at a considerable saving over the former machining method.For further information on the processing o f

unusual materials, write for free copy o f "Deep Drawing Magnesium D om es” to —

SED S T E E L COuW o r c e s t e r 6, Mass.

C O L D F A S H I O N E D S I N C E 1 8 8 3A L L O Y S T E E L S A N D O T H E R M E T A L S

m al'vis in New York, Chicago, Detroit, Philadelphia, Syracuse, Buffalo, Indianapolis, Canton, Ohio, Arlington, IT. Virginia, Fort Worth, Denver, Los Angeles, Toronto

,uIy 16,1945

length of increment. In no case, how. ever, does the error exceed 1/4-in. cl; electrode. This is an error of 2.6 pei cent of electrode volume, which rep­resents an average welding size crrni of about 1.3 per cent. This irtiLxiniun percentage of error in a 5/16-in. fillet is about 0.004-in., a variation in size far too small to be controlled by any but volumetric means. With the welding conditions controlled so closely, it is believed that any attempt to measure oi control the size of weld by gages is un­necessary.

From the standpoint of machined notches, typical prints of the contour! of the welds used appear somewhat ir­regular. From the standpoint of weld­ing, however, the fillets are remarkably smooth and are better than those re­produced in actual service. The irregu­larities vary from point to point tlirough- out the length of the joint, but in all cases the average size must be 5/16-ia within the tolerance mentioned.

As soon as the welding of an incre­ment is stopped, the heat continues to flow ahead. If the time interval is Ions enough, without being excessively louS- the heat will have progressed forward sufficiently so that there would be con­siderable preheat in the plate at Ire time the next increment is deposited. Time interval between deposition of in­crements is held at 45 sec. Joint is per­mitted to cool before starting depoa’

T A B LE IT H E E IG H T C O N D ITIO N S FOR TESTIN'

1. W eldccl as-ro lled , a t plus 7 0 ° F and tesUi a t p lus 7 0 ° F . .

2. W elded as-ro lled , a t m inus 20° F and tes a t plus 7 0 ° F . j

3. W elded as-ro lled , a t plus 70° F andat m inus 2 0 ° F . ,

4. W elded as-ro lled , a t m inus 2 0 ° F and tes- a t m inus 2 0 ° F . ,

5. W elded afte r norm alizing , a t plus (U tested a t plus 7 0 ° F . i

6. W elded a t norm alizing, a t minus 20 tested a t p lus 7 0 ° F , _ i

7. W elded afte r norm alizing, a t plus 70 tested a t m inus 2 0 ° F . f

8. W elded a rte r norm alizing , a t minus - an d tested a t m inus 2 0 ° F.

tion of fillet on other side of stem, jig and joint are turned between we so that welds on both sides of stern a ' deposited to the same hand ana >n same direction. The welding can be ( manually by exercising precautions o lined, or by automatic welding niacn

Welding is done at 70° F and at nan 20° F on plates in the as-rolled con-dr • and in the normalized condition, provides eight conditions for tes , listed in Table I. In the future the will be extended to include 10 c _ fications of longitudinal and transé ^ specimens subjected to broader range conditions. .¡

Joints are refrigerated for welding subzero temperatures by immersing in a tank of acetone and dry k® ^ temperature of about minus 2o° r. subcooling of 5° is to offset any F sible temperature rises before the

/ t e e 1

F A S T D E L I V E R Y O N S T A N D A R D REAMERSCarbide Tipped tapered (illus­t ra te d ) o r s tra ig h t sh a n k Reamers are standard w ith Spe-D-Cut and in stock most of the time, in all sizes from Va to 1 Zz• You save delivery and production time by ordering Spe-D-Cut Standard Reamers.

S PE-D-CUT carb ide tip ped cu tting to o ls are

p rec is io n m ade by sp ec ia lists . F itted w ith

just the correct grade of cemented carbide for

each metal cutting requirement, Spe-D-Cut cut­

ting tools w ill give more uniform top quality

results w ith lo n g er life b etw een sharpen ings.

S P E-D -C U T T O O L C O M P A N Y , H A N N IB A L , M IS S O U R I

e w c u t t i n g f o o l c a t a l o g FREESend fo r new Spe-D-Cut catalogfor specifications an d latest prices on these carbide tipped tools:

TO O L B ITS • R E A M E R S • END M ILLS . M IL L IN G CUTTERS DRILLS • CO UN TERBO RES . LATHE C EN T ER S . BO R IN G TOOLS FLY CUTTERS . ROLLER T U R N IN G TOOLS • S PEC IA L TOOLS

• T his is not ju st another drill cata-

log I t ¡3 m ore than t h a t I t is a book ^ ¿ W i « * T iWor com plete and detailed inform ation about

a new w ay to reduce drilling costs. I t tells how R e p u b l i c D r i l l & T o o l C o .

one of the w orld’s largest and m ost progressive South Street, Dept. S7Chicago 7, Illinois

manufacturing organizations developed th is new , , , , ,c Please send me a copy of your new M anual whichkind of drill— has standardized on it for th e past gives the complete story of Republic’s “Shankless”

six years. I f you are using drills, here is a w ay for drills.

you to cut production costs. T he first step is to n a m e ......................................................................................

send for this book. a d d r e s s ..........................................................................................................

*Resitlered al U. S. Patent OfficeC IT Y .................................................... S T A T E .....................

, f r k ? L ,g g | | 1 | !g J g ® D RILL & TOOL COMPANY w f l M r I CHICAGO 7, ILLIN O IS

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H l S , 1945

G IV IN G PR O D U C T IO N A

On th e " b ro a d sh o u ld ers" o f M obilcranes an d Supercranes r e s t a v ita l share o f re sp o n s ib ility fo r so m e o f in d u s try 's o u tstan d in g w a r produ ction records.

In steel, mining, shipbuilding, lagging and construction— coast to

coast and overseas— these rugged dependable rigs (built by nearly

a century's experience in the excavating machinery field) are hustling

the loads . . . hustling more different kinds of m aterial faster, and

at lower cost per ton . . . thanks for their one-man operated, one-

engine powered, rubber-tired efficiency. Under brutal punishment,

Mobilcranes and Supercranes are proving the performance you 'll need

for the tremendous peacetime activity ahead. W rite for bulletins on

advanced models already engineered.

of the welding. However, welding should never be done on any plate at such an extremely low temperature without pre­heating. The joint is recooled before making the weld on the other side of the stem. The plate is not put back into the bath until after it has cooled in air to room temperature.

Fabrication After Welding: The tee- bend specimens are milled from the plates by means of gang milling cutters. The setup for doing this work is shorn in Fig. 5. Tension comers of each speci­men are broken with a file before test­ing. Hardness and micrographic speci­men always comes from the center oi the center increment.

Apparatus and Procedure: Hardnesstesting is done as shown in Fig. 3. In making a single row of readings, the heat-affected zone is crossed four times at an acute angle. I t is known from ex- perience that the maximum hardness thus obtained is about representative oi the maximum for the material under the welding condition involved. Hardness surveys were made with a Firth Hardo- meter and the values obtained are prac­tically equivalent to vickers-brinell read- mgs.

To correct the previously describes, deficiencies and to retain the use of the fundamentally sound features of the tee- bend test, the authors have developed i method of determining the energy oi deformation of welded tee joints. A jjS for measuring the energy is shown in, Fig. 4. It maintains the geometrical pro­portions of the Navy jig, but makes pos­sible the drawing of semiautomatic load deflection diagrams by obtaining the de­flection abscissas directly and obtaining load ordinates by the operator making points over a scale corresponding to loan called out to him by tire operator of the setting machine.

The apparatus has a scale calibrated® pounds of load mounted on tee-shapen crosshead extending horizontally acre® a pad of chart blanks suitably mount™ upon the upper frame. Diameters aw spans of the rollers and the radius a the mandrel may be varied. The row1 supports are removable. The specimen is placed welded side up on the maD‘ drel. The upper part of a jig frame B lowered until stem of the te e-spec- men enters the centering slot in crosshead. This slot is so designed tha- the upper part of the stem bears again- the top of the slot before tire support-'- rollers contact the specimen. The spcci, : men is both automatically centered a® j guided. The load always is applied e* actly on the center line of the joint j cause the mandrel has a thickness w u | will permit its entry' into the main ]>s frame.

At suitable increments of load feen? ally 200 lb for the 1/2-in. plates), U* testing machine operator announces load borne by the specimen aird jig operator moves a pencil point by n along the horizontal scale to corrcsp0 to the announced - load. Testing stopped at failure of the sPec nieIJ’rtI1 when the desired deflection has

I reached. The points, when connect

/ T E E l

The new D e W a lt " W e t - C u t “

Metal C u tt in g M a c h i n e :

tuts with coolant or dry if desired

tuts off w ide stock and odd shapes

cuts metals on an angle

July 16

Power is the keynote of the new DeWalt "W et-C ut" Heavy-

Duty Metal Cutting Machine. Its 15 H. P. DeW alt-built motor,

driving an 18" diam eter abrasive w heel or steel saw blade,

makes it possible to "walk" through the toughest kind of metal.

It is this same power that keeps abrasive wheels operating at a

constant speed, thus increasing wheel life and accuracy of cut.

It is power like this that saves time and lowers cutting cost. ,

If you have a heavy-duty metal cutting job to do, investigate

this DeWalt. Write for full information.

DeWALT pr o d u cts co r po ra tio n* 227 Fountain Avenue L an ca ste r, Penna.

1945

Generał Offices: Pittsburgh, Po, Pfant o t: Canonsburg, Pa.

NEW YORK, H. V.. CLEVELAND. OHIO COLUMBUS. OHIO

441 Lexington Avenue . Bulktey Building .HuntingtonBank Bldg.

WASHINGTON. D. C .. Peoples Life Insurance Bldg. DETROIT. MICHIGAN . . . New Center Building PHILADELPHIA. PA Commercial Trust Bldg.

a continuous curve, form a load-deflec- tion or energy diagram. The area under this curve is measured with a plani- meter and is the absorbed energy. The crosshead is moved at a speed of about 3 ipm. I t is our original experimen­tal jig and is very crude.

A deflection limit of 2.89 in. origin­ally was established by the Navy De­partment. This corresponds to an angle of 129°. The Navy subsequently hat used 120° as its limit but the authors have retained the 129°.

If no failure of any kind occurs, aa energy diagram may be obtained. This diagram (Fig. 5) is typical of the per­formance of the best welding materials. The load falls off in an approximate straight-line relationship after the peal has been passed. If a partial tear occurs, the load-deflection curve will depart from the straight line. The total angle of bend at the point of departure may be obtained from an angle-deflectioE curve. A complete tearing failure results in the load falling off rapidly. If a sud­den fracture takes place, the load im­mediately falls to zero. The energy ab­sorbed then depends on the deflection and load which had obtained up to the time of failure. The fracture may take place after the peak load has been passed, or it may occur before reaching the peak load which the material should have been capable of sustaining had ¡1 had sufficient ductility after welding.

TADLE IIC O M PO SITIO N , H A RD N ESS, AND TENSILE ST R E N G TH O F TY PICAL CARBON STRUC­

TU R A L S T E E LC arbon ...................................................... 0.205-M anganese .................................... O.-UCfPhosphorus ............................................. 0.0085Sulphur ................. 0.032--Silicon ........................................................ U.07rYield po in t ........................................... 30.S20P» ?U ltim ate tensile streng th 60,850 piE longation in 8 in ................................ 31~iVickers hardness , !T ee -bend energy— 13 200 in. per lb (n-eMri

an d tested a t p lus 70 CF.)

Inspection of an energy diagram nude to a known scale enables the following to be ascertained:

(a) Magnitude of load at any deflec­tion.

(b) Deflection at any load.(c) Point (load and deflection) at wr.ci

nonelastic deflection begins.(d) Point at which maximum load oc

curs. j(e) Point of occurrence of start

marked failure, if any.(f) Character of failure, that ,

whether gradual, abrupt or none.Carbon structural steel has be®

welded successfully for many years, i® many forms and sizes, and under man. conditions. The authors came to rega - the energy absorption of this steel as suitable reference for purposes of cri parison with welded specimens of 0 steels in respect to energy absorption- ,

The composition of a typical eXaf 1 of this grade of steel and its har ^ and tensile properties in 1/2-in. P

FORT PITT BRIDGE W ORKS

SPEED AMERICA’S

Tankers off to W a r!This illustration shows one application, by an important western ship builder—of the two ton bulkhead plates pre­fabricated on Foit Pitt Bridge’s 36-foot Hydraulic Press—IN ONE OPERATION. Just as this war-developed facility aids the Maritime Industry, it too, is highly important for peacetime needs—varied heavy shapes can be pressed in a single opera­tion, providing lower costs, constant product uniformity, eliminating many useless operations.

Descriptive Bulletin on request.

"Steel Permits Streamlining Construction With Safety, Endurance and Economy”

puts production efficiency to the severest test. Consulting him fre­quently is a w ise move w hen man­agement seeks to make best use o f manpower in lowering production costs.

FREE 64-PAGE BO O K !Send fo r you r i llu s tra t­ed copy o f H y-T est’s Safety E ngineer's D i­g e st, " L e t’s U se O .ur H eads and Save O u r Fee t,” w ritten express­ly fo r " th o se w h o b e ­lieve toes a re w o rth s a v in g .” I t o f f e r s a c o m p le te g u i d e t o g rea te r fo o t p ro tec tio n fo r your w orkers.

— — HMII ■HIHI IMitfWni

PUT EXTRA PROFITS IN YOUR BUSINESSYour Safety Director s pep talks

Regular safety meetings are just one of the many methods your Safety Director is using to keep accidents dow n, production up, and m an­power waste at a record low .

Top management in some plants added a Safety Director for the first time during this war. They have found him an invaluable man. Be­cause of him, war-hurried methods have been less costly in lives and in dollars. And top management w ill find the Safety Director equally val­uable when post-war competition

HY-TISTHy-TEST D I V I S I O N • I N T E R N A T I O N A L S H O E C O M P A N Y •JfclS, 1945

GRAPH1TAR PROVES ITS EFFECTIVENESS ON THE JOB(CARBON-GRAPHITE) ^

SINCE 1938 THE EFFICIENT WAGNER AUTOMOTIVE AIR COMPRESSORS HAVE HAD ONLY

GRAPHITAR BLADES AND SEALS

One of the most outstanding developments in its field is this rotary compressor which supplies the compressed air for the Wagner automotive air brake systems. In the compressor, air is compressed by blades which must seal very closely, and a positively leak-proof seal must be made where the driving shaft extends from the unit. It is significant that GRAPHITAR has been used for both the blades and the seal for seven years.

Graphitar, which has a chemical analysis of more than 9 7 % all carbon, has proved successful in scores of other industrial applications. Chemically inert, Graphitar is widely used in equipment handling hydro­chloric acid, potassium dichromate, sodium hypochlorite,

p s t G R A P H IT A R^ (CARBON -GRAPH! TE)

T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S G R A P H I T E

and other corrosive solutions.

Graphitar has exceptional resistance to wear and frictional heat. Its self-lubricating properties make it especially valuable for inaccessible moving parts. Non- metallic yet mechanically strong, Graphitar can be ma­chined to almost any shape and to tolerances as close as .0005" on small sizes.

Because it will not melt or fuse at any temperature, it is ideal for use as carrying pads in the glass-making industry, and as bearings and seals in bakery ovens, kiln cars, and steam dryers. It makes serviceable, dur­able seals and pistons and rings for practically all pump and meter installations. Graphitar may solve a mechan­ical or engineering problem troubling you. Write for complete particulars.

C O M P A N Y . S A G I N A W , M l C H l ^

CLUTCHES AND'hVDRAUUC DRIVESv y vyv a te .u . i .P A T .o r r .

S P E C I A L I S T S I N I N D U S T R I A L C L U T C H E S S I N C E 1918

HydraulicPower Take-ofl To,tl“8 Converter

In a thousand laboratories ... in a

thousand test tubes under a

thousand microscopes... science is

fashioning a muzzle for a monster

. . . a leash that will control these

cataclysmic forces and put them

to work for man’s gain.

Harnessing power .. . devising

more efficient methods for trans­

mitting it and controlling it . . .has

been Tw in Disc’s one and only

specialty for 27 years. As a result,

you’ll find Twin Disc Clutches

and Hydraulic Drives in all in-

and in all types o f mod­

em powered industrial equipment.

I f your new products require a

connecting link between driving

and driven units, there’s a good

possibility that Twin Disc’s spe­

cialized experience in the design,

manufacture and application of

proved power links— both friction

and hydraulic— can be helpful to

you. W hy not ask for recommenda­

tions today? T w in D i s c C l u t c h

C o m p a n y , Racine, W isconsin

(Hydraulic Div., Rockford, 111.).

Machine Tool Clutch

are shown in Table II. This material has a tensile strength very close to the usual 60,000 psi minimum and a yield point of about half of its ultimate strength and in the tee-bend test it bends to 129° without failure of any kind. The authors have found it convenient to consider its tee-bend energy of 13,200 in. per lb as an arbitrary standard. The energy of this same steel when welded or tested at different tem p era tu ,^ and also the energy of other steels can be referred to the above standard, and the ratios of the energies expressed in per­centages. The tee-bend data thus can be converted to a simple percentage system from which all opinion has been re­moved.

Generally speaking, the energy is in­fluenced by variations in welding proc­esses and techniques, to variations in strength and cleanliness of the material, to composition and to preheat and post- heat treatment of the material or of the joints. Without the use of the energy diagrams to obtain a quantitative sum­mation of the influence of these factors upon the strength and plasticity of the specimen, the full benefit of die tee- bend test was not secured.

The Camegie-Hlinois Steel Corp. has an assignment of certain patents pend­ing on the tee-bend-energy test and on the apparatus, but the company will be pleased to permit free use of die test and the apparatus. The test is not con­sidered to have any application outside of research,

Mr. B ibber a n d M r . H e u s c h k e l p r e s e n t e d a “ ore d e ta iled r e p o r t o n t h e t e e - b e n d >est h e ­ron the W u ld a b ili ty C o m m i t te e o f t h e W e ld i n g research C o u n c il. A d d i t io n a l d a t a o n th i s s u b ­l e t also m ay b e o b t a i n e d b y r e f e r r in g to t h e December, 1 9 4 4 is s u e o f T he W eld ing Journal , :-;s W elding Journal R e s e a r c h S u p p le m e n t™ March, 1 9 4 2 .

Fires Controlled by Wafer and Foam

Fites may be divided into three c asses; Combustible materials; inflam-

j 'e liquids; and electrical fires, ac- Mrding to the 1216th Engineer Fire Wing Platoon ¡n Belgium. Those

onSmating through V -l or V-2 bomb- “¡8 activities usually combined all three, ombustible materials such as rags,

^° > Paper, etc., are controlled with ? Inflammable liquids such as gas-

u °^’ paints an<d varnishes, etc.,blanketed ^7 a f°arn> formed by the

J ion of bicarbonate of soda, water, urninurn sulphate, and licorice root.

‘ Mibstance expands to eight times its Jjposed size upon striking air, cutting

ins oxygen supply of a large surface. ectt]cal fires occurring in equipment, Oiors wirings, etc., require the same

tliff 8 0X7Sen depletion, but a eren) method. Carbon-tetraehloride

9'ani hito the flame forms a heavy c Sas, smothering its objective, unlike water or foam, causes no

duet ^ c° e9u'Pment and is a noncon- ly el.ectricity up to approximate-

FOR A MONSTER

LININGS BEESEMER CONVERTERS

LININGS AND PATCHING

OTHER"NATIONAL**PRODUCTS

Lake Sands Bank Sands

Blasting Sands Silica Sands

Molding Sands Fire Brick Fire Clay

Bonding Clay Gannister Firestone Limestone

Silica Floor Western Bentonite Southern Bentonite

Steel Shot and Grit Blast Nozzles Foundry Coke

T h is South Dakota gannister, lo w in

A L U M IN A makes a smooth, hard,

non-spalling surface w hich resists

high temperatures and abrasion and

g ives m axim um lin in g life . I t is

fu rn ished in a varie ty o f sizes to

meet any requirem ents. Fo r further

inform ation w rite to . . .

^ NATIONAL FOUNDRY SAND CO.2 9 7 0 Q h a n d *De t H o i t . i . M i c l t .

West Coast Steel Mill( Continued from Page 136)

ing mills or at the reels, there is a snap shear located in front of No. 14 stand where the bar can be cut off by coutrub which are located at the reels, finishing, mills, and No. 14 stand; or by the speed j operator in the pulpit, or at the flying shear— the alarm being by both red light and siren. This 5-position contioi is unique.

The bigger the section at which the mill can start taking scrap in case of a cobble, the less trouble. This rod mil setup is arranged to take scrap from three places. The total length of tire billet at the rod reels is about 5100 ft in lowest diameters, there being 4 to 5 ft of billet still left near the furnace when tire rod hits the reels.

The main motor and mill speeds serv­icing this 21-stand setup is detailed in the accompanying table.

The nine motors are alphabetically j labeled to indicate die stands they service. No. 13 and 14 stands are direct driven.

Reels Are W ater Cooled .The laying reel arrangement of the rod

mill had two lines of three reels each, the feed alternating to diese. The head of each is driven, the work being laid onto the reels. Tírese reels are 34 in. inside, 46 in. outside, and hold 600 lb of rod. They are water cooled, the heads; having a baffle arrangement.

The billet leaves the furnace at 2250 to 2350° F and arrives at the finislmig mill a t 1750° F. Here, there is a pickup of temperature of about 50° caused by working die metal. The rod leaves the finishing mill, therefore, at about 1800 F and is water cooled in the finishing scalcbreaker before it enters the red pipes at about 1400° F. Control of finishing temperature is important from the standpoints of scale produced and acid consumption involved in dre sub­sequent pickling operations.

A reel operator control stand is over the reeling floor and discharge of the reels is automatic by pushbutton. This operator throws a lever which depresses the reel pin, permitting it to sink away from the coil of rod which then is pushed onto conveyor, synchronized to proper posidon and pushed by shark fin. Then the coil starts its synchronized trip up the incline to final inspection and dis­posal. The entire flow of rod from furt- ace to coils at shipping platform U scheduled on synchronized basis whic involves carefully controlled rolling spee 5 and conveyor movements.

The coil travels up the inclined apron conveyor, there being one for each set o three laying reels. This is motor driven and has a sectional flat iron floor c continuous nature, moving about -50 It is of the shark fin type and takes about 15 min to deliver a coil fronl a'’ i to hook. ■ '

The hook conveyor onto which t* coil then comes, picks up the coil it the apron conveyor and the hooks

înefa/ equ« C/iromencf írQcter¡st¡cs

mmm

*

lît(|s SIÀIHLEHD INODES. AVAILABLE

IH Ul popular ÎÎA|KIESS analyses.

B aton R ouge 1 7 , L a . . . . L o u is ia n a W e ld in g Co.B o rg cr , T e x a s . .............H a rt I n d u s tr ia l S u p p ly Co.B o s to n , M a s s . . . ................ . ,H . B o lte r A C o .. Inc.*B u ffa lo , N . Y.....................................R o o t. N e a l-& Co.C h ic a g o , I I I . . M ac h in e ry A W e ld er C orp .C in c in n a ti , O h io . . . . . . . . .w i l l ia m s A C o .. In c .C le v e la n d , O h io ........................ W illiam s Si C o . . In c .C o lu m b u s , O h io ........................W illiam s A C o .. In c .D e tr o it . M ic h ig a n . . . .C . E . P h il ip s A C o .. In c .E r ie , P c n n a ....................................... Boyd W e ld in g Co.P re s n o . C a lif .................: . . .V ic to r E q u ip m e n t Co.F t. W ayne, In d ..W a y n e W e ld in g S u p . C o ., In c .

H o n o lu lu , H a w a ii. .H a w a iia n G as P ro d u c ts . L td . H o u s to n , T e x a s . ; .C h a m p io n R iv e t Co. o f Texas- K a n sas C ity . M o. .W e ld e rs S u p p ly A R e p a ir Co.K in g sp o rt. T e n n .................... S llp -N o t B e lt in g C o rp .Los A n g e le s . C a lif ..................V ic to r E q u ip m e n t Co.M ilw au k ee , W Is M ac h in e ry A W e ld e r C o rp .M o lin e , III.' . . . . . . .M a c h in e ry A W e ld e r G orp .M o n tre a l. C a n a d a . G .D . P e te rs& C o . o f C an ad a , L td . N ew O rle an s 1 3 , L a .. .G u lf W e ld in g E q u ip . C o.N ew Y ork , N . Y....................... H . B o k cr A C o .. In c .O k lahom a c i t y , O k la . .H a r t I n d u s tr ia l S u p p ly Co.

P a m p a , T e x a s . . . . . .H a r t In d u s t r ia l S u p p ly Co.P it t s b u rg h , P a ............................ W illiam s A C o ., In cP o r t la n d . O re ......................... . J . E . H a ac lU n e A Co.R o c h e s te r . N . Y . . , . ...............W e ld in g S u p p ly Co.5 an D iego , C a lif ................... y i e t o r E q u ip m e n t Co.S an P ra n c ls c o , C a l i f . . . . .V ic to r E q u ip m e n t Co. S e a t t le , W a s h .. . . . . . . . . . J . E . H a s c l t ln e A Co.S p o k a n e , W a sh .........................J . E . H n s c lt ln e A Co.S t. L o u is , M o .. . . . . .M a c h in e ry A W e ld e r C orp .S y ra c u se , N . Y. . . . . . . . . . .W e ld in g S u p p ly Co.T u ls a , O k lah o m a . . . H a r t In d u s t r ia l S u p p ly Co. W ic h ita . K a n s a s ........................ .W a tk in s , In e

ARCOS CORPORATION *318 G U LF BLDG., PH1LA. 2, P L

Your Arcos Distributor is well informed. Your Arcos Distributor has Stock.

16,1945 1 7 5

>BOp!TTTr

Belt keeps cutting clean and fast long after ordinary aluminum oxide belts, costing as much or more, give up the ghost Its because m m sim i& m is insulated-insulated to stay cool at grinding heats as high as 1700!

Iry WmYFRSTREAK Grits-40, finer.

S O U T H B R A IN T R E E 85 , M A S S A C H U S E T T S ,JEW E IO X • JEW EL EMERY * JEW EL GARNET * JEW ELITE • JEW EL FLINT • NEW PROCESS

then propelled by link chain, each hook carrying a coil. This conveyor avoids to hazard of piling up the hot coils. Ik hooking comes over, the conveyor maltos it pass through a slot as it moves up i slight incline which trips each hook t? so that by the time the coil reaches to vertical-shaped apron point, causing to section to drop, it is positioned automati­cally to receive the coil which is the left suspended on the hook as the aproe section retreats.

There are 1200 ft of this chain convey« carrying the hooked coils in six rows (Í travel to the unloader station at to sliipping dock. This arrangement pro­vides the travel necessary to thorough cooling and inspection yet requires littli space.

All coils are inspected for gage as» surface defects. A part of them an bundled far shipment while on the hool conveyor, being fastened with from out to four tie wires for shipping. The col are removed from the hooks by an ail- operated hoist and placed on cradles which are picked up by a motor-driva hoist. Using a long pin thrust, this the: transports them to weighing scale on to unloading platform. Thereafter the coil' are loaded on specially built double­deck flat cars for shipment to the wn mill which is at another location on to 400-acre Pittsburg Works property.

Not All Coils LaidNot all of the coils are laid. The 3/8 It

1 in. rods and larger are made coileo on two large single strand reels. The'- are large drums into which the rods coi: being fed into them by pipe, the rets having revolving pins. The pouring speed is also synchronized with the find­ing mills and the coils are discharged to the aproned conveyor in the same syn­chronization. The co-ordination of ingob from open hearth to rolling mill to r® mill to wire mill is carefully schedule® This greatly facilitates inventory yield control.

The motor room is 200 x 50 ft, a* is serviced by a 40-ton crane and hous® seven main drive motors. One 7200 b motor supplies power for two 2500 V generators. Direct current is necessafl for speed control of the rod mills, ' incoming power being alternating cm rent.

The finishing stands of the rod mill ait completely enclosed with fine screen. All high-speed spindles h3'! heavy guards. Safety screens are Pr® ¡ vided at all spots where cobbles cc®- cccur. Safety engineers are to the rod mill as a division of the dustrial relations department.

A completely equipped shop is niam tained to turn and dress all r°hs make all guides, the bronze castings the latter being poured in the " 0I foundry. ^

The water system has a capacity _ 7200 gpm. W ater is obtained from * Central Valley aqueduct adjacent to plant. This is used principally for c ing rolls. It circulates to the sea e to drop heavy scale, and to the

A T E E 1

A HORSE FOR WORK —there’s a reason why this Silver Streak Metal-Working Cloth

P o r u s - K r o M E has thousands of tiny pores or channels in its surface. . . so tiny you can’t see them with the naked eye. They act as reservoirs, holding lubricating oil and feeding it back to the surface as needed. Not only does P o r u s - K r o m e

make cylinder walls last longer, but it also multiplies the life of the conventional rings 3 to 5 times.

These are the reasons so many Army and Navy engines have P o r u s - K r o m e in their cylinders. And it’s just good horse sense to plan to have it in your engines, too. Write for booklet telling all about P o r u s - K r o m e .

Van der Horst Corporation of America, Olean, New York. Plants in Olean, New York and Cleve­land, Ohio.

fVjommon, ordinary horse sense tells us that worn cylinders mean lost horsepower . . . and horse­power costs money.

To cut down this waste and keep engines up to top efficiency, we need something that will stand up to the beating that cylinder walls get. At least, that’s what Hendrik van der Horst figured . . . and several years ago he discovered a cylinder wrall surface that multiplies cylinder life 4 to 20 times.

Van der Horst discovered a method of bonding a thick layer of chromium to the cast iron of the cylinder bore and then giving it a “porosity treat­ment’. Everybody knows that chromium resists cor­rosion and that it is almost as hard as diamonds. But the unusual feature of Van der Horst’s P o r u s -

K r o m e is the porous nature of its surface.

177

EHCtUEEW» DESÎCRERS MO MftXUFACTtRERS OF OtE-CASTtKGS OF “QUAUÏY WITH ECQWWir

culator where the fine scale settles away,' W ater then is pumped to the cooling tower that drops its temperature to about 75° F. The range of. temperate! drop possible in this tower is 25°. The system requires about 200 gal make­up per minute. The flocculator is 44 It in diameter at its inner cone, 90 ft 0D, has 12 ft sides and is 19 ft deep witlu736,000 gal capacity.

The oiling system of the rod mill is from a central oil cellar of 12,000 gi capacity which services all of the units; gears and bearings with full automatic filter temperature and pressure con­trol.

Automatic Charger Prevents Gun Jamming

An automatic gun charger that pre­vents failure of aerial machine gum because of defective rounds of ammuni­tion has been developed by Genen! Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y. Device initially cocks the airplane’s guns, recognize an ammunition failure, ne, dispose of a defective round, and inses. and fire a new one. If a gun repeated.; fails for approximately eight successi«; rounds, it will stop further operation c that gun.

Machine is essential whenever aeffi machine guns are located so that thej are not readily accessible to the firing them. Chargers perform electrics.-: ly the same job a gunner in a direct! controlled turret performs by first thins- ing out the trouble and then corrector, it by hand.

Gun charger consists of three principt units: Charging, firing and timing. Rh ing unit fires the gun normally; tmw unit determines when to charge the in case a defective round occurs; a® charging unit clears ammunition ©*.- functions.

Air that is under the high press®* of 1000 psi is used to operate toj charger. To make available a cfc. stant supply of air without usin g ^ bottles, which require frequent retlto. engineers developed a small air comp^ sor. This is mounted on the tuim where it maintains a supply of hignP1 sure air a t all times, with no need a refilling pressure tank from an i source. Pressure produced by this com­pressor is said to be higher than reached by any similar device previoc- used on planes. , t

Fifty-caliber machine guns cn planes will operate under almost atmospheric conditions. Charger is designed to function under the conditions. Its continuous operatac^ said to be permissible at temper* ' ranging from 65° F below 160' F above zero as wefl as extremes in humidity and at an> tude. As charger is primarily a • device to insure continuous

j of the guns, it is so designed \ failure will not occur for same | sons that might otherwise canse failure.4 1 NORTH 15*h STRUT, BROOKLYN 1 2 , NIW YORK

From the time you get under your morning shower or open the faucet in the wash basin till you turn off the radio and lights and hop into bed at night you are in almost constant contact with articles which have been made better and less expensive through die-casting.

In the field of household appliances die-casting plays a stellar role. Paradoxical as it may seem, housings, gears, intricate moving parts, can be made more ac­curately in less time and at less cost when die-cast.

We invite your consideration and consultation on re­designing and engineering your products postwar with the possible more extensive use of die-castings of "Quality with Economy."

N o. 1 o f a Series D ie-C a stin g a n d th e A m erican W ay o f L ife

USE HEADED AND THREADED FASTENERS FOR ECONOMY AND RELIABILITY

MANUFACTURING COMPANY327 Pine Street • Pawtucket, R. I.THE PLACE TO SO LV E YOUR BOLT PROBLEM S

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FLAT p a n © TU BULA R o SPREADIN G S C R E E N IN G and others.

Write for illustrated folder.

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17Q

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for HEflVY-PUTY Machining

on Steel and Cast Iron

K e n n a m e ta l H D C la r a p e d -O n T o o ls m ake practicab le h igh rate carb ide m achin ing on h eavy s te e l forg in gs, castings, and bar stock, and cast iron, b eca u se the strength of the sp ec ia l H D tip s and th e perfected d e s ig n of the tool en a b le d e e p cuts and h ea v y feed s to b e taken at in term ediate sp ee d s , w ith amaz- in g to o l life .HD T ools are now ava ilab le in two sty les 1 1H D and 1 2 H D— for h ea v y duty turn ing and b oring operations, w ith sp ec ia l H D tips in G rade KM for g en era l s te e l cu tting . G rade K 2S for m ach in in g very rough or sca ly s te e l cast­in gs, and G rade K 6 for cu tting cast iron. Larger s iz es , i .e ., w ith shanks 1" to 2" w ide, are now b e in g produ ced .

C ata log inform ation , an d p rices, w ill b e sen t im m ed ia te ly upon request.

ONE SHANK SERVES FOI THE UFt Cf MANY TIPS

FEW ER T O O L S REQUIREDM w y t i p s c a s b e u s e d d u r i n g t h e l i f e o f a s h a n k * a n d t i p c i s u i t a b l e K e n n a m e t a l e o n p c s i - t i o a c a n b e u s e d f o r e a c h j o b .

S T R E A M L IN ED DESIG NS m o o th , u n i m p e d e d c h i p f lo w a s s u r e d b y i m p r o v e d c l a m p i n g a r r a n g e m e n t , c o r r e c t l y p o s i ­t i o n e d . K D d e s i g n e m p l o y s p r e s s u r e s s e t u p i n c u t t i n g a s i a c t o r s t o h e l p h o l d t i p i n p l a c e .

KENNAMETALSUPERIOR CEMERTEO C X 8 8 I6 E S

RES KAM ETAL A,- „ L A T R Ï 8 E , P A .

Book NotesPostwar Government Cost Large Factor in Business

Postwar Fiscal Requirements, by LevisH. Kimmel; cloth, 166 pages, 6 x 9 inches; published by the Brookings Institute Washington, for $2.

Intelligent planning for the future t.

not possible without an understanding« the overall fiscal requirements being but up, federal, state and local. Tax burden on business and individuals will be de-j termined by the volume of public a penditures. Whether we will be ablet attain financial stability will depend fc large degree on the level of govemfflei cost.

The objective of this study is to eft mate as accurately as possible the magi tude of federal, state and local expendi­tures after the fiscal year 1949. The eft; mates are presented by functions Itr each level of government and all govens-j ments combined, in four simple summa? tables.

In developing the estimates, major e" phasis has been placed on the iuiluencf, of government policies on the volume®; expenditures. The effects of popuM. growth, increased national income aiv changing level of prices have been cart: fully weighed.

Stress Analysis StudiesExperimental Stress Analysis, cloth, If

pages, SVz x 11 inches, published by ta Society for Experimental Stress Analys Central Square Station, Box 16S, Can bridge 39, Mass., for $5.

A presentation of the papers read h fore the society’s 1944 fall meeting - Cleveland, and the symposium on era-1 shaft stresses, this volume contains - membership list of the society i officers and corporation members.

The 15 papers and discussions co-.s-j wide range of subjects, including L cesses, instruments for testing, metalta? and other topics. The papers are trated by drawings and halftones to b® out the points of importance. This is‘h 2 of VoL H of the procedings of: k society, prior issues covering meetings.

Simplified Designing Of Structural Steel

Simplified Design of Stniciu^I - , by Harry Parker; fabrikoid, Pj£5 x 7*-i inches; published by John6 Sons Inc., New York, for S—' 0- .

This is the fourth of a series , twith design of structural m e m b e r ; in building construction. The P1*'! volume treats of the design cf .jcommon structural steel member5 ^ steel construction- The author ® .to show how application of 03®*} ciples in mechanics simpbS®5 P1 _

W ith the idea that use c£ tab**, - -1 . « "WI-Ív-k. íc liqntrarOlSformulas blindly is dangerous

/ T E e!

25? r

FOOD PRICES*

* 64 month* after war «Urted

If'* a tar longer and more expensive war than the last one— but this tim e the cost of living hasn’t been allowed to get out o f hand. I f you ’re ever tem pted to grumble at price-and-wage controls, look at these charts—and D O N ’T . T h ey’re one reason to bless ceiling prices... and tocheck ’em wheneveryou shop. (They’repostedforyour protection!)

The Millionbucks get no more points than the poorest folks in town. Necessities are rationed to see that each gets his share. A nd rationing also keeps prices down: without it the fellow w ith the biggest wad of dough would have a terrific edge. Share and play square . . .p ay points for every th ingyou buy. (And shun black markets like the enemy they are!)

and the money you DON’T SPEND helps hold living costs down

The plain b rea d -a n d -b u tter fact is th is: there’s about $1.50 in people’s pockets for every dollar’s worth of goods in the stores.

Splurge—buy anything you don’t actually need—and you put the heat on everything to rise all along the line.

Save—deny yourself something you want but can get along without— and you help yourself a little today and a lot tomorrow.

Squeeze that budget. Squeeze a little more money into your savings account. Squeeze a little more into insurance. Squeeze yourself into buying another War Bond today . . . and every month from now on in.

Wise enough to harness your money for your own safety?

ONLY YOU CAN DO IT.

H E L P

U SK E E P

ÎCE3~2ftSWN

P re p a re d b y th e W a r Ä clvertiß in jr C o u n c il, a p p ro v e d b y th e Office o f W a r In fo rm a tio n * a n d c o n tr ib u te d b y th is m a g a z in e in c o o p e ra tio n w ith th e M ag az in e P a b l is h c r s o f A ineric« .

Jul? 16,1945 181

aims to give a clear understanding of tV J underlying principles on which the tabk and formulas are based. Derivations d F the most commonly used formulas w; given to aid the reader to compreheisj why certain formulas are appropriate is! h solution of specific problems. a

The reader is assumed to be unfamife It with the subject and the discussion aS-: t vances by easy stages. Most of the fund;- s mental principles of mechanics are »j e viewed and in general the only prep»; f tion needed is knowledge of arithmeti: s and high school algebra. The text is suited s to classroom work or borne study. Mud;' of the book is devoted to solutions of ij v lustrative examples, followed by prob­lems to be solved by the student.

How to Start and Operate - A Metalworking Shop i

Establishing and Operating a M , Working Shop, paner, 202, pages. 6 r■ , incb.es; published by United States w partment of Commerce for 35 cents, m: superintendent of documents. U. S. Got eminent Printing office, Washington J,

This is No. 16 of an industrial sens and originallv was prepared as an eduts- tionnl manual for the War Department- is the first of a series of small busines manuals for guidance of those plannfe . to establish enterprises of their own.

The seres is designed to furnish s™ry and practical information on establish'!! and operating various types of enterprise covering mechanical, retail and seni trades. Assumi’-'g that the reader is an e:- pericnced. skilled worker, the mechanic- side of the business is not covered ejcep, as it pertains to the management.

All factors connected with establish ment of a metalworking shop are ®j cussed, choice of location, capital in'®; ment, organization of business, type >- building and layout, unusual sources® business, credits and collections, recc- keeping etc. Pitfalls to be avoided - clearly indicated. A check list of tiling be remembered also is included.

New German-English Dictionary of Metallurgy

German-English Dictionary oflurgy,"by T.’°E ."R . ' Singerf doth; | pages, 5 x 7 inches; published by Gmw-Hil] Book Co. Inc., 330 Forty-second street, New York 18, W n

In addition to metallurgical terms -includes related material on ores, nm j and minerals, crystallography, " e 3 metalworking, tools, metal products metal chemistry. , ¡J

The volume is intended for ted*"apeople using material in metallurgy related fields. Where two or more ^ man words have the same memun? are included. In addition, the . tendency in Germany to eliminate .nical words of foreign origin as noted with entries followed by m“present day German f e "familiar German word and aEnglish. Many obsolete terms included, since they are met w literature and old patents.

C ap Screw s m a d e in f la t, hex , fiiis te r a n d b u t to n h e a d s , w ith f r e e - ru n n in g th r e a d s .

Harrinqton & Kinq1 P e r f o r 'a t i n g I ’ C o /

'jew Hard-Facing Metal lesistant to AbrasionA nsw nonferrous liard-facing metal is been developed for acetylene torch pplication to steel by Fansteel Metal- lrgical Corp., North Chicago, 111. The letal, named Fanweld, is said to be re- istant to abrasion, heat, impact, and rosion. It contains tantalum-colum- ium carbide which imparts a peculiar elf-lubricating action to minimize de- Irudive effects of friction even at ele- ated temperatures. It is suited for hot- roik punches, dies and tools.Properly applied, Fanweld “wets”

teel surfaces without use of flux; it lows on smoothly and evenly. Surfaces is thin as 0.010-in. can be treated w.th i fusion layer as thin as 0.0005-in. No nrdemng or heat treating operations ire necessary. The product is pre­ssed in 3/16 and Vi-in. diameter rods n 14-in. lengths.

Template Attachment Reduces Machining Time

Facing of the curved recess in a 14-in. diameter aircraft engine drive shaft on > lathe is being accomplished in one- ninth the time formerly required, accor­ding to Turchan Follower Machine Co., 8259 Livernois, Detroit 4. Method of duplicating the curved recess by means

a simple template makes possible the

of a single turning tool, as shown in le accompanying illustration. D ue to f er tad rate and elimination of tool

c anges, the job ¡s com pleted in 10 T1111- Using template for a guide, Hy- nraulic Follower attachm ent controls the 00‘ so that automatic sizing of recess is

Amplified Practice for Cast Sittings Recommended

Imposed simplified practice reçûm­e s 1 ation fur cast brass solder-joint fit- ‘feSh k£en submitted to producers, com Utors’ an<t users for acceptance and SkntcS according to the Division of Stain i Practice, National Bureau of S Washington 25, D. C. Pro- volunt C0ntefnPÎates establishment of a

ar> simplified list of cast brass

tay 16,1945

S O L V E D B Y B E L L E V U E• A d if f icu lt h e a t t r e a t i n g o p e r a t io n p e r f o r m e d w i th a B e lle v u e H ig h H e a t C o n t r o l le d A tm o s ­p h e r e F u rn a c e , Q u e n c h T a n k a n d a B e lle v u e D ir e c t F ire d R e c i r c u la t in g D ra w F u rn a c e . W r i t e f o r d e ta i ls o f th i s a p p l i c a t i o n .

B E L L E V U E I N D U S T R I A L F U R N A C E C O .

WE MANUFACTUREa ll modern types e jContinuous, Herdenlnf

and Draw Furnaces Controlled Atmosphere

Gas Generators Muffle Furnaces

Car Type Furnaces Tool Room and M cltln f

Furnaces

S**nd fo r in fo rm a tio n

2988 B E L L E V U E A VEN U E D E T R O IT 7, M ICH IG AN

5634 Fillm ore S t., Chicago 44, III. 114 Liberty S t., New York 6, N. Y .

P e r f o r a t e d , it

METALS J m m• INDUSTRIAL * 0

As used in the processing of Groin, Food Products, Petroleum, Metals and for other important and essential industries.

C lev e la n d ’s m ost friendly hotel is its most con ven ien t one, too.

solder-joint fittings representing the k thought of the industry, its distribute and customers as to what constitutes 4 sirable practice for the present and 1 postwar days. Sketches illustrate i types of fittings, various sizes of wlc are included in the proposed list.

I

Standards Established for

K.RANE ICAR handles the load ONCE . . . picks it up, transports, and positions it. Loads, unloads, and spots freight cars' carries punch press dies, heavy rolls . . . anything from one to 10 tons, at the sides as well as the front. Moves pipe, heavy valves, fittings, overhead line shafting, m otors, controllers, transform ers, and heavy machinery, in plant alterations and repairs. Has short turning radius, auto­matic load and boom braking, is fast, flexible, safe, easy to operate. KRANE ICAR saves time and labor; reduces handling costs. W rite for Catalog N o. 58.

USERS: Basic Magnesium: M onsanto Chem. Co.; Pullman Co.; Standard Oil; General Motors; General Electric; Chrysler Corp.; Otis Elevator Co.; Boeing Aircraft; etc.

A gents in the P rin c ip a l Cities

T H E O R I G I N A L S W IN G B O O M M O B I L E C R A N E W IT H FR O N T-W H EEL D R IV E A N D R EA R -W H EEL STEER

A R A C I T I B S

CLEVELAND, OHIO

Directly connected w ith Union Passenger Terminal

Porcelain-Enameled Utensil;Porcelain - Enameled Steel UteE

(Second Edition), Commercial Stantk DS100-44, describes certain tests to! conducted on standard 2 qt test ps to compare quality of enamel, irrespo tive of shape, thickness, or size of uts sil. On recommendation of Enamd Utensil Manufacturers Council, '}■ chasers are encouraged by National!'. reau of Standards, U. S. Department Commerce, Washington 25, D. C, j test any size or shape of utensil to e tent indicated by the following:

1. For boiling acid resistance, tj any utensil (three specimens) fiaving [ bottom diameter large enough to F mit blanking out of a test plate as spi­ffed in paragraph 16a (10),

2. For thermal shock, test any uls sil (five specimens) that can be fit with water to a depth of 1 in.

3. For impact resistance, test t utensil (five specimens) having a dia- ter of 4% in. or larger when measuij in a plant %-in. above bottom of f All multiple-coated ware of this di®S ter and less than that of the stej ard pudding pan when measured a plane %-in. above the bottom ( to 6% in. diam) should have an impi resistance of at least 9 in. when test, as specified in paragraph 18. All shSj coated ware in this group (4% to 6, - diam) should have an impact resists of at least 6 in. Seamed ware in * seam forms bottom outside radius not tested for impact resistance, r ware which normally rests on a foot e reverse panel shall be tested for impst the true radius of ware and not on - foot.

Care of Workers' Feet Subject of New Manual

A manual entitled “Let s Use Heads and Save Our Feet” is hensive, 64-page, illustrated facts and practical suggestions to aid safety directors in workers’ feet. It is part of an campaign conducted by Hy-Test International Shoe Co., S t Louis, to management more fully aware services of safety directors. jects covered are: Working me securing co-operation of workers; types of foot that guard against them;store location, management, balanced stock, proper fitting; an ^ objections to wearing safety s ^ ^approved methods for the care care of shoes.

2463 S. H A LST E D ST., C H IC A G O 8, IL L IN O IS

Urin3 tr0nsD O F F- nspo”°tio„

N O X - R U S T Tube C o a tin g '— a c o l d - d i p r u s t p r e v e n t i v e — d r i e s

i n t o a f i r m , d u s t - f r e e c o a t i n g . D o e s n ’t

i n t e r f e r e w i t h a d d i t i o n a l m a c h i n ­

i n g . R e m o v a l i s e a s y i f d e s i r e d .

(c J fte w ć e k

P R l f í ,i ?

g N O X - R U S T Tube C oating1 — l o w i n p r i c e , h i g h i n c o v e r a g e —

9 a n o t h e r i l l u s t r i o u s m e m b e r o f t h e

i j b i g N O X - R U S T f a m i l y . A s k f o r

N e w P r o d u c t s

Surface Plate—For reverse spotting, granite surface plates are nonabrasive, nonmagnetic, durable, temperature- resistant, nonwarping, rustproof and cor- rosionproof. Herman Stone Co., 324 Harries building, Dayton 2, O. ST381

— o---

Protective Coating—Dry spray booths and surrounding areas may be kept clean by coating surfaces likely to be spattered by spray with compound No. 229. Greaseless and fireproof, it is applied with spray gun, brush, or trowel. Coating may be removed with adhering paint, trowel or scraper. Fidelity Chemical Products Corp., 430 Riverside avenue, Newark 4, N. J. ST376

WILL S O L V E 9 0 % OF YOUR P R O B LEM S

DARK GREEN: For economical repair of wearing parts on ma­chinery, plows, excavator buckets, shovel teeth, valves and dies, as well as any other machine part damaged hy severe wear and impact.

Brinell Hardness 400-600.

PINK: For hard-surfacing of steel Parts in process manufacturing as well as for refacing of worn carbon sleel parts, mainly worn or battered rail-ends, tractor shoes and car- viheels.

Brinell Hardness 290-400.

PhD: A medium hard and abrasion resistant hard-surfacing m aterial where machineability after welding B required. Usual applications are [he rebuilding of gears, knuckles, hrakeshoes, clutches, etc.

Brinell Hardness 200-250.

VIOLET: A self-hardening, 12-14% ®eriganese steel weld deposit for ns Building up of surfaces exposed 0 extreme impact and abrasion, s“eh as railway frogs, crusher jaws 511 r°lls, pulverizer hammers, etc.

Brinell Hardness 200-490.

AMERICAN A G I L E C O R P O R A T I O NS806 H O U G H A V E . CLEVELAND 3 , O H IO

FOR FREE CATALOG

Cement—For bonding brick or tile in acid-proof masonry construction, Duracite is a resinous, acid-and-alkali-proof cement. Available in liquid and powder form and is mixed on the job. U. S. Stoneware Co., Akron, O. ST349

Protective Shield—Provides safety and simplified visor replacement. Features snug fit, comfort, and head, neck and chest protection. Chicago Eye Shield Co., 2300 Warren boulevard, Chicago 12. ST344

Masking Tape—Koroseal tape MX can be used for practically all kinds of plating solutions, including chromic, al­kali and acid dips. Any item which can be covered with regular friction tape can be masked by this product. B. F. Good­rich Co., Akron, O. ST382

Plastic Eye— Can be dropped without breaking, will not corrode and may be reshaped to provide an exact fit. Eye consists of three parts—sclera, recess for iris, and iris button—fused together. American Optical Co., Southbridge, Mass. ST356

Dehumidifier— Designed to dry the air in warehouses, tool rooms, stock rooms, vaults, etc., Water-Sorber prevents damp­ness, mold and mildew. One unit will service from 800 to 1000 cu ft. Gen­eral Air Conditioning Co., Oakley, Cin­cinnati, O. ST345

AlSi Committee on Reinforced ConcreteResearch Reports on 3 Years7 Progress

AMONG llie major problems being in­vestigated by American Iron and Steel Institute's Committee on Reinforced Con­crete Research are sit branches of structural research: Bond tests, anchor­age studies, design stresses, effect of plastic flow and shrinkage, fooling tests, and studies of torsional stresses. Also under contemplation by the committee is a highway and airfield research project.

The committee, as at present consti­tuted, is composed of representatives of 21 companies producing either billet steel or rail steel concrete reinforcing bars. At its first meeting, in New York City, November, 1943, it was decided that program to be undertaken should cover a minimum of 3 years, wiih pro­visions fur such extension as became necessary.

Substance of report to date on struc­tural tests is as follows:

Bond Tests: There has been no general agreement as to what constitutes a proper means of classifying deformed or other types of bars as to bond characteristics. Committee has been instrumental in initiating preparation of standard form of test through American Concrete Institute Committee 208 on Bond Stress. Recommendations were published in Feb­ruary, 1945 Journal of American Concrete Institute. In the meantime, the AISI committee has under way at National Bureau of Standards a series of elimina­tion pull-out tests in which not only new and modified types of deformed bars (about six in number) will be investi­gated, but also some presently available types of deformed bars.

Seven-eighths rounds in 17 different patterns are being used, and one brand of commercial Portland cement, consis­tency of the latter being closely con­trolled to produce compressive strengths averaging 5500 psi at 28 days. Concrete specimens are 18 x 18 in. in cross section, with one 7 /8-in. deformed bar cast horizontally in specimen, located 2 in. from top surface and a similar bar lo­cated 2 in. from bottom surface. Two lengths of bar embedment, 8 in. and 16 in., are included. Seventy-two hours after casting, specimen is cut in two parts, each 9 x 8 in. specimen then be­ing tested as a pull-out specimen at the age of 28 days. Tests are made on 204 separate specimens.

After results have been studied, it is proposed to subject selected bars to standard bond test recommended by American Concrete Institute, which calls for testing of flexural or beam type speci­mens in which effect on bond or bar posi­tion in the rectangular section and pat­tern of deformations will be investigated as the only variables.

Anchorage Studies: It is part of pro­gram to determine to what extent it may be possible to eliminate hooking of bars in various types of structural members through the medium of the

new deformed bar. Some econor and expedition of construction is expects: to result. In accordance with major of current design specifications, radiie semicircular hooks and their extern beyond point of curvature are ralk rigidly limited. Committee quotes Nt in part as follows: “It has been foundll deformation on the bars have a grati effect upon performance of hook anck ages than any of the factors now limits in specifications”.

It is Com m ittee’s belief that effe of producers will result in develop® of types of deformed bars with iniprov: born! characteristics and general apf. cubility to structural uses.

Design Stresses: Combined with ll W ar Production Board’s NE spec: cations limiting use of reinforcing k to what might be termed an irreducM minimum, was a more or less arbitral increase in design stresses, particular; tension and bond. Tensile stress i: crease was 20 per cent; bond, 10 $ cent. Advisability of increasing desr stresses from 20,C00 to 24,000 psi hash«, questioned.

A research fellowship has been ests:\ lished at Bureau of Standards to shff (1) effect of use of higher design stress on deflection of structural members; ¡- extent to which number or width ■. cracks is indicative of, and m ijit; utilized as criterion to disclose, stn| tural distress; (3) effect of ratio of sp? length to slab thickness on develop^ of stress in both concrete and reinforce, steel.

Those who have studied problem gs erally agree that properly balanced*} sign should call for considerably lug“ percentage of tensile steel without ove stressing the concrete, with conseque reduction in both size and weight structural members. Thorough study- problem has been undertaken by a IK- ing technical society and studies at N-■ ■■til 1 _ _ I - __ _ _ 1 n i u • 1. . . 1.—i f \ a r il I *L••will be designed to contribute data bej ing on problem.

Effect of Plastic Flow and Shrink? Oilier phases of Bureau of Standards - vestigation will include long-time ft* of slabs, designed to parallel those toy tested under usual conditions of tlffii point loadings. Increase in stresses- both concrete and reinforcing steel ar- ing from “plastic flow” or “time in concrete will be determind. D“ tiation between stresses and defied1 arising from shrinkage, as compared those resulting from plastic flow, "’i made.

Footing Tests: A co-operative Pyect between Committee and Uni'«v of Illinios. Purpose is to study mance of reinforced concrete 'and rectangular isolated footings- eluded are series of 20-wall type 1 ings for comparison with wall-typ® I ings in 1908-11. This type predonuS j in Talbot's (1913) investigations.

SHEAR KNIFE CO.HOMESTEAD • PENNSYLVANIA

186

■ H S U ® » .

| t i o u

LO W C O ST

Cleaning ofDIE

CASTINGSCORRECT surface preparation of die castings is indispensable to good finishing . . . effective clean­ing determines just how good the surface is before chemical, or­ganic or electro-plated finishes are applied.Name the type of die castings-. . . and Oakite has the right cleaning or degreasing material for re­moving buffing compounds, oil, grease, shop soil and similar for­eign deposits.Many years of research, devel­opment and working closely with the die casting industry have pro­duced materials and methods de­signed to help secure faster, more effective cleaning, better surface preparation at LOWER cost per unit!

Do You Have This FREE Digest?

A new DIGEST on production cleaning of die castings describes cost-cutting methods employed today by leading producers and users. Acquaint yourself with the wide range of specialized Oakite materials used for this purpose. W rite today for your FREE copy!

O A K IT E P R O D U C T S , IN C .30H Thames St., New York 6, N. Y.Technical Service Representatives Located In All Principal Cities of the United States and Canada

O A K ITE f |P^pecia il Gct denning

1% 16. lcuç

mere comprehensive series will include studies of a total of 160 seven-foot square full-size footings, some designed to fail in tension, others in shear or diagonal tension, and still others in bond. Other series will study special arrangements and distributions of steel in footings, including welded bar mats without hooked ends; sloped and stepped types, and rectan­gular footings never before studied.

Three compressive strengths of con­crete are considered, 2000, 3000 and 4000 lb. Four bar sizes varying from 3 /8 to 3/4-in., with plain and deformed bars of existing and new types, both new billet and rail steels, with and without hooks, will be included. Series investi­gating bond is expected to prove one of the most important.

Torsional Stress Studies: To beinitiated as soon as practicable. To deal with torsional stresses set up in various types of structural members owing to unbalanced or variable loadings, such as on spandrel or elevator shaft or stair­well beams. Proper type of shear rein­forcement appears to be one major ques­tion as yet unanswered. May have appli­cation to problems arising in bridge de­sign.

Minute Strain Gage Has Many Applications

A strain gage no larger than a paper clip, known as SR-4 and manufactured by Southwark Division of Baldwin Loco­motive Works, is said to provide impor­tant information for improved design of guns, airplanes, ships and other fight­ing equipment. Operation of the gage was demonstrated at a recent meeting of experts in the Reids of aeronautics, rail­roading, shipbuilding, ordnance, civil engineering, etc., at Washington, D. C.

By cementing the gage around a gun barrel, the amount of strain taking place during firing can be recorded. Ships also can be studied for points of weak­ness during construction or operation and corrections made. Cages aid in studying bridge design. Applied to any part of a bridge, they record impact of moving traffic, showing where greatest strength is needed. Wire strain gage is expected to be useful in determining strength and efficiency of many new construction materials.

Synthetic Rubber Protects Helicopter Rotor Blades

Rubber material to protect high-speed helicopter rotor blades from abrasive effects of sand and rain has been de­veloped by United States Rubber Co., Rockefeller Center, New York. Material is a strip of specially compounded syn­thetic rubber 18 ft long, which is cemented to leading edge of blade. United States Coast Guard pilots testing the material are said to have flown machines many hours in heavy rain with­out damage to blades. Fabric covering formerly used started to come off blades after 10 min.

Equip u / / th

H O B A R T" S /m /p /if/e d "

Ad*c W e l d e r sTo encourage better d«sign . . . H obart engaged one o! the world's f o r e m o s t welding consultants to express h is d e ­sign and r o d e s ig n lor welding id e a s in line draw ings, ond to combine them into the finest collection oi w e ld ed d e sig n s the in ­dustry ha3 over know n. Every d esig n

o tried and proven id e a that has oeen carried through to the fin ished moduct. ft great variety of industries °nd products are represented . Initial oones FREE1 W rite today! C om plete

bound volum e of 100 d esig n s . O nly S3.50 postpaid .HOBART BROTHERS CO B O X S f-7 5 2 , TR O Y , OHIO

THE BUSINESS TRENIEMaterials Supply Sets Pace of Reconversion

in revival. F. W. Dodge Corp., for example, points ori that it has spotted 99,638 specific construction project contemplated for postwar execution in the 37 states easl of the Rocky mountains. Combined value of those pro; ects is $15,746,202,000.

i nTHE DEGREE of success which industries attain obtaining materials and manpower for civilian production will be an increasingly important factor in determining the level of industrial activity from now on.

In the latest week industrial operations have held rela­tively firm but signs are multiplying of shrinking war pro­duction so that as the weeks pass it appears continuance of high-level activity will be progressively dependent upon civilian goods production.

While the nation was geared to prosecution of a two- front war, industrial barometers were con­trolled very largely by military goods pro­duction. Now that some reconversion to peacetime products has been effected, the degree to which reconverted industries are successful in obtaining raw materials, com­ponents, and manpower will determine to considerable extent what the barometers of industrial activity will register.

At the moment, uneven distribution of materials and manpower are handicaps to rapid reconversion. For instance, steel sheets, needed for automobiles, are in such strong demand for military requirements the supply situation in this product makes the civilian goods production outlook very uncertain.

Shortage of manpower still is a factor in industrial production despite recent cut­backs in die munitions program. How­ever, indications are that the manpower situation will be eased materially before the end of the summer, so the chief con­cern of manufacturers now converting concerns supplies of materials.

CONSTRUCTION— The construction in­dustry, major influence in business ac­tivity, will find government regulations, material and manpower shortage, and con­fused price trends, with the added pos­sibility of transportation shortages, rather than a dearth of plans the real bottleneck

isSTEEL—Steel ingot production in recent weeks has bee fluctuating but has been around 90 per cent of capacit Manpower shortage continues a major problem in t industry.COAL OUTPUT—Manpower shortage still hampers bj tuminous coal production. Output from Jan. 1 throute June 30, 1945 is 297,437,000 tons, compared with 319,j647,000 tons from Jan. 1 through July 1, 1944. Tbit production this year is 22,210,000 tons or 6.9 per cer behind that for the corresponding period last year.

| 11 I | I I I 'l l | I I | I I | 1 I | I I | I I | I I | I I | • 11 IT

_ 18.0

Factory Employment(000 o m i t te d )

1 9 4 5 1 9 4 4J a n u a r y .................................... ..................... 1 5 ,5 5 5 1 6 ,8 2 5F e b r u a r y ................................. ..................... 1 5 ,5 1 7 1 6 ,7 3 5M a r c h ....................................... ..................... 1 5 ,3 7 5 1 6 .5 5 9A p r i l ........................................... ..................... 1 5 ,1 0 3 1 6 ,3 0 9M a y .............................................. 1 6 ,1 2 2J u n e ............................................. 1 6 ,0 9 3

J u ly .............................................. 1 6 ,0 1 3A u g u s t ....................................... 1 6 ,0 2 3S e p t e m b e r .............................. 1 5 ,8 4 3

1 5 ,6 9 21 5 ,6 0 7

D e c e m b e r ................................. ' 1 5 ,6 3 2

M o n th ly A v e r a g e 1 6 ,1 2 1

191S

lim16,7t

16,75516,»,17.05 17,15-i 17,lÎ: 17,15 17,äi;17.05

16,Si

— F I G U R E S T H I S W E E K -----------------------------------------Latest Prior MonthI N D U S T R Y Period® Week Ago

Steel Ingot Output (per cent of capacity).............................................. 88.5 92 90Electric Power Distributed (million kilowatt hours) 3,978 4,353 4,327Bituminous Coal Production (daily av.— 1000 tons) 1,991 1,961 1,861Petroleum Production (daily av,— 1000 bbls.) 4,886 4,903 4,853Construction Volume (ENR— unit $1,000,000) $30.8 $46.5 $43.0Automobile and Truck Output (Ward’s—number units) 14,365 19,115 19,580

c D a te s o n r e q u e s t .

T R A D EFreight Carloadings (unit— 1000 cars)......................................................... 753f 894 884Business Failures (Dun & Bradstreet, number)..................................... 9 14 , 1 2Money in Circulation (in millions of dollars)! $26,834 $26,628 $26,513Department Store Sales (change from like week a year ago )! +21% +19% +9%

f Preliminary. î Fedcral Reserve Board.

YeaiAgo

963,9111,9814,579$18.9

14,600

745

ȑl

T H E B U S I N E S S T R E N D

HOME — . PURCHASED!

SOURCE: WAR PRODUCTION BOAR >■

YEARLY OUTPUT(SCALE AT LEFT)

McixdUmDOLLAR VALUATION f [

1937 1938 1939 194 0 1941 1942 1943 1 9 4 4 ,.

w a n c e i s a -Bank Clearings (Dun & Bradstreet—m illions)..................................... $10,606federal Gross Debt (billions).................................................................... $259.1Bond Volume, NYSE (millions)................................................................ $20.3, cks Sales, NYSE (thousands)................................................................ 4,115«>ans and Investments (billions)!............................................................. $63.5Dnited States Gov’t Obligations Held (millions)!................................. $46,543

(Member banks, Federal Reserve System.

P(*ICES^ |?E L ’s composite finished steel price average .................................. $58.27

Commodities............................................................................................ 105.9Jjdustrial Raw M aterials!........................................................................... 118.7- anufactured P ro d u c ts! ................................................................................... 162.0

i Bureau o£ Labor’s Index, 1926=100

PriorWeek

$12,745$256.9$46.0

11,234$63.0

$46,334

$58.27105.9118.6102.0

M onthAgo

$11,582$241.5$44.18,234$57.5

$42,842

$58.27106.1118.9102.1

YearAgo

$9,812$202.6$40.67,844$55.0

$39,917

$56.73104.1 114.6101.1

Coke O utput B u r e a u o f M in e s

(D a ily A v e r a g e — N e t T o n s )B y - P r o d u c t B e e h iv e

1 9 4 5 1 9 4 4 1 9 4 5 1 9 4 4Jan. . . . 1 7 9 ,8 7 9 1 8 1 ,5 0 1 1 4 ,7 4 5 2 1 ,9 3 3Feb. . . . 1 8 0 ,7 2 7 1 8 4 ,3 8 4 10 ,2 10 2 2 ,2 4 8March . .1 8 2 ,1 2 0 1 8 2 ,4 4 2 1 7 ,1 1 5 2 1 ,5 2 9

April . . . 1 7 4 ,2 3 9 1 8 5 ,2 5 9 1 2 ,5 5 4 2 0 ,4 5 7May . . . 1 7 8 ,3 3 8 1 8 4 ,0 7 1 1 7 ,4 8 2 2 0 ,7 8 3June 1 8 1 ,8 9 1 2 0 ,4 7 2

July ■ 1 8 1 ,5 0 6 1 9 ,5 3 1Aug. 1 8 1 ,7 1 8 1 8 ,5 7 2Sept. . 1 7 9 ,2 3 4 1 7 ,3 0 5

Oct. . 1 8 1 ,7 7 2 1 6 ,9 9 4Nov. . 1 8 2 ,3 8 3 1 6 ,1 9 9Dec. . 1 8 0 ,7 4 6 1 3 ,0 6 6

Ave. . . 1 8 2 ,3 5 9 1 9 ,1 2 8

Iron and Steel ScrapB u r e a u o f M in e «

lao.Feb.Me.Apr.MayJuneJulyAug.Sept.0«.Nov.Dec,

(G ro ss T o n s — 0 0 0 C o n s u m e rs ’ S to c k s

1 9 4 5 1 9 4 4 1 9 4 3

5 ,0 2 3 6 ,2 1 4 6 ,8 7 7 4 ,9 0 1 6 ,1 3 4 6 ,8 7 1 4 ,8 7 3 6 ,0 2 7 6 ,8 5 0

4 ,9 0 7 5 ,9 3 2 8 ,9 1 8 5 ,9 0 6 6 ,9 0 5 5 ,9 9 1 6 ,9 1 6

5 ,9 0 9 6 ,8 6 0 5 ,9 7 5 6 ,7 7 8 5 ,9 5 3 0 ,6 1 3

5 ,8 3 2 0 ,4 5 6 5 ,6 2 4 6 ,3 9 1 5 ,3 3 5 0 ,4 4 8

o m i t te d )T o t a l C o n s u m p tio n 1 9 4 5 1 9 4 4 1 9 4 3

4 ,5 0 7 4 ,6 1 6 4 ,4 9 2 4 ,2 0 9 4 ,4 1 4 4 ,1 7 8 4 ,8 8 9 4 ,8 2 7 4 ,7 8 7

4 ,6 6 8 4 ,6 2 9 4 ,6 4 2 4 ,6 8 3 4 ,7 2 3 4 ,4 6 0 4 ,4 9 3

4 , 4 2 3 4 ,6 7 0 4 ,5 3 3 4 ,6 8 6 4 ,4 7 1 4 ,8 5 7

4 ,6 8 4 4 ,8 3 0 4 , 5 2 7 4 ,5 8 1 4 , 4 8 7 4 ,4 4 9

J a n .Feb.M a r.A p r.M a yJ u n oJulyA ug .S e p t .O c t .N o v .D e c .

Y e a r1 9 4 41 9 4 31 9 4 21 9 4 11 9 4 0

1945

«............. 5 ,9 0 8 6 ,7 4 0 4 ,5 6 3 4 ,5 9 9

4 9 7 ,4 3 81 ,1 7 9 ,6 8 91 ,3 2 1 ,8 6 2

8 1 2 ,4 6 24 5 0 ,0 0 0

9nan & S te e l S c/lgax________ I---------- (jounce sua’tlu Of mines)--------------------— I ------

CONSUMPTION:— HOME <PURCHASED I

souact. BUREAU O f MINES

M achine Tool O u tpu t (000 om itted)

1 9 4 5 1 9 4 4 1 9 4 3$ 3 7 ,4 9 8 » 5 6 .3 6 3 $ 1 1 7 ,3 8 4

3 6 ,0 1 8 5 0 ,1 2 7 1 1 4 ,5 9 43 9 ,3 7 4 5 1 ,9 0 7 1 2 5 .4 4 54 0 ,3 3 1 4 1 ,3 7 0 1 1 8 ,0 2 43 9 ,8 2 5 4 1 .8 1 9 1 1 3 .8 5 9

4 1 ,4 7 1 1 0 8 ,7 3 63 2 .7 5 3 9 7 .4 2 83 5 ,1 7 7 8 7 .4 0 53 5 ,8 7 0 8 5 ,8 4 23 7 .5 1 6 7 8 ,3 0 03 6 .2 7 7 7 1 ,8 1 13 6 ,7 8 2 6 0 ,8 0 1

1 9 4 2$ 8 3 ,5 4 7

8 4 ,4 3 29 8 ,3 5 8

1 0 3 ,3 6 41 0 7 ,2 9 71 1 1 ,0 9 01 1 3 ,5 9 61 1 7 ,3 4 21 1 9 ,8 8 31 3 0 ,0 0 81 2 0 ,8 7 11 3 1 ,9 6 0

N O R T H A M E R IC A N A V I A T I O N , I N C . , b i g n a m e in t h e in d u s t r y , c h a n g e d to S h e l l I n d u s t r i a l L u b r i c a n t s a s o lv e d a s e r io u s r u s t i n g p r o b le m i n 3 0 ,0 0 0 p ie c e s o£ p r o d u c i n g e q u i p m e n t —w i t h o u t lo s s o f p ro d u c tio n tin*-.'-

O I L C H A N G E o n F lyA t N o rth A m e r ic a n A v ia t io n , In c ., RUST w a s " te rm ite - in g " 3 0 ,0 0 0 p ie c e s o f p ro d u c in g e q u ip m e n t v ita l in tu rn in g out P-51 M u sta n g s a n d o th e r e q u a lly im ­p o rta n t p la n e s .

U rg e n t ly n e e d e d : a co rre c t iv e —to work on the fly! Every second 011 North American’s production line is precious—balance of power in some faraway battle-sky may depend 011 it.

Shell Lubrication Engineers —called in to work with North American technicians — recommended use of Shell’s Turbo Cleaner.

The suitable viscosity of this cleaner permits its use as the lubricating oil in hydraulic systems of machine tools and other equipment during a cleaning operation. With this double-feature oil, North American lost not a single minute of valuable production time.

- Cleaning completed, three grades of high-quality Shell Tellus Oils were then used. These oils possess

rarely found rust-preventive qualities. Unusual “wet­tability” prods them into penetrating rusted surfaces - loosening and dislodging particles of scale.

Shell Engineers also recommended coating machine areas above the oil level with Shell Ensis Oil. This pro­tects metal from moisture in the air . . .

R esu lt o f th e se ch a n g e s : complete elimination of this rust problem at the North American plant. . . tens of thousands of dollars saved . . . more fighting-mad Mustangs in the air.

Are you sure the machines in your plant are getting the benefit of all that’s new in lubrication as it develops? Contact Shell Oil Co.,Incorporated, 50 W. 50th St., New York 20, N. Y., or 100 Bush St.,San Francisco 6, Cal.

S H E L L T E L L U S O I L S

MA RKE T S UM MA RYVPB Seeks Cure for Tight Sheet, Strip Situation

Freezes th i rd q u a r te r o rders , then releases Ju ly and August schedules . . . Cut in a l lo w e d inven to ry may p rov ide some c iv i l ian to n n ag e

SERIOUS situation in the sheet and strip industry, having bearing on reconversion, is increasingly recognized by the ar Production Board.Ten days ago sheet and stripmakers’ order books for third tarter were frozen but late last week this order was partially scinded, books being reopened for July and August for all nsumers and through entire third quarter for the smaller tyers.Tlte original order covered hot-rolled sheets and strip, hot- lied pickled, cold-rolled, galvanized and silicon sheets for tire third quarter.Reason for the change was that the freeze came too late to of material effect on mill schedules and also because the

'or order cutting inventories from 60 to 45 days is expected result in cancellations that will ease the tight supply ma-

lialiy,Indications are that manufacturers producing less than $50,- ® worth of goods will receive supplies for civilian goods M)' promptly, being given preferred treatment under Regtt- JOn 27, under the provision that Z-3 orders, applying in

DISTRICT STEEL RATESP e r c e n t a g e o f I n g o t C a p a c i ty E n g a g e d

in L e a d in g D i s t r i c t s

W e e kE n d e d S a m e W e e k

J u ly 1 4 C h a n g e 1 9 4 4 1 9 4 3P i t t s b u r g h 8 7 N o n e 9 0 .5 9 7C h ic a g o 9 4 .5 N o n e 9 8 .5 9 8E a s t e r n P a . . + 1 9 5 9 3Y o u n g s to w n . . 9 0 N o n e 9 6 9 4W h e e l in g 9 1 .5 + 1 1 102 8 7C le v e la n d 7 8 + 2 9 1 9 2 .3B u f fa lo . . . . 9 0 .5 + 1 1 9 0 .5 9 0 .5B i r m in g h a m . . 9 5 N o n e 9 5 9 5N e w E n g l a n d . . 8 5 N o n e 8 9 9 5C in c in n a t i 9 1 N o n e 86 8 9S t. L o u is . 7 8 + 3 7 9 .5 9 5D e t r o i t . . . . 8 0 N o n e 8 5 9 2

A v e r a g e . . . 9 0 + 1.0 9 6 .5 ° 9 7

0 B a s e d 011 s te e lm a k in g c a p a c i t i e s a s o f th e s ed a te s .

tases, may be shipped before all unrated orders, afterHP orders have been filled.Meanwhile sheet mills are booked up for the remainder the year and such cancelations as they have received have «ted remote deliveries almost exclusively, little relief be- § seen on nearby deliveries. Practically all sheet orders on ln2 schedules are rated, with a few having priorities assist-

to meet essential demand for special purposes. Unrated ers are being held in abeyance until it is possible to sched-

e them without interfering with rated business.«timated national steel production rate for last week was Per cent of capacity, a rise of 1% points. No district showed

a decline from the prior week. Cleveland advanced 2 points to 78 per cent, eastern Pennsylvania 1 point to 87, St. Louis 3 points to 78, Buffalo 11 points to 90% and Wheeling 11 points to 91% per cent. Other districts maintained unchanged rates, as follows: Chicago 94%, Pittsburgh 87, Youngstown 90, Cin­cinnati 91, New England 85, Birmingham 95, Detroit 80.

Steel ingot production during first half totaled 43,180,223 net tons, a drop of 1,963,000 tons from output in first half last year, the effect of weather, transportation interruptions and labor troubles. Output was more than two-thirds that of all 1929, the record peacetime production year, but was lower than any half year since 1942. June production was 6,868,717 tons, which was 582,086 tons less than in May, partially due to the shorter month.

Finished steel shipments by the United States Steel Corp. in June were 1,602,882 net tons, 195,105 tons less than in May and 134,887 tons less than in June, last year. Six months cumulative shipments totaled 10,124,959 tons, compared with 10,632,854 tons in the corresponding period in 1944.

In pig iron the supply is practically even with demand, with tightness developing in spots, though no dis­tress has been met so far. Foundries arc making some progress in increasing castings output as labor shortage is slightly relieved, and are seeking additional iron for inven­tory to meet expected further increase.

Scrap supply is tight, as acute as at any' time during the war in some areas. Great­est shortage appears in industrial material, reduced by war cutbacks. Most steelmakers are in the market for material and all signs of weakness have disappeared, springboards being paid in most instances. Permission has been given some open-heartb melters to buy' electric furnace scrap for their furnaces. Prices of borings and turnings continue to rise and are close to ceilings in most areas.

Average composite prices of steel and iron products show no change, being maintained at ceilings. Finished steel composite is $58.27, semifinished steel $37.80, steelmak- ing pig iron $24.05 and steelmaking scrap 319.17.

C O M P O S I T E M A R K E T A V E R A G E S

July 14Finished Steel ............. $58.27Semifinished Steel . . . . 37.80Steelmaking Pig Iron . . 24.05Steelmaking Scrap . . . . 19.17

July 7 $58.27

37.80 24.05 19.17

June 30 $58.27

37.80 24.05 19.17

One ThreeMonth Ago Months AgoJune, 1945 April, 1945

$58.27 $57.5536.45 36.0024.05 23.5519.07 19.17

One Year Ago July, 1944

$56.73 36.00 23.05 19.17

Five I Yean Ay! July, i f

3612£f18.8

F i n is h e d S te e l C o m p o s i t e :— A v e r a g e o f i n d u s t r y - w id e p r ic e s o n l in e p ip e . S e m if in is h e d S te e l C o m p o s i t e :— A v e r a g e o f in d u s t r y - w id e p r ic e s C o m p o s i te :— A v e ra g e o f b a s ic p ig i ro n p r ic e s a t B e th le h e m , B i r m in g h a m , to w n . S te e lw o r k s S c r a p C o m p o s i t e :— A v e r a g e o f N o . 1 h e a v y m e l t in g s te e l , n e t to n s ; o th e r s , g ro s s to n s .

s h e e t s , s t r ip s , b a r s , p l a t e s , s h a p e s , w i r e n a i l s , t i n p l a t e , standard n o n > ille ts , s la b s , s h e e t b a r s , s k e lp a n d w i r e r o d s . S te e lm a k in g rig u B u f fa lo , C h ic a g o , C le v e la n d , N e v i l l e I s l a n d , G r a n i t e C i ty a n d \ourp

s te e l p r ic e s a t P i t t s b u r g h , C h ic a g o a n d e a s t e r n P e n n s y lv a n ia , runs-.

C O M P A R I S O N O F P R I C E SRepresentative Market Figures for Current Week; Averge for Last Month, Three Months and One Year Ago

Finished M ateria lS te e l b a r s , P i t t s b u r g h ..................................... ? * § 5 °S te e l b a r s , C h ic a g o ........................S te e l b a r s , P h i la d e l p h ia ...............S iv ap cs , P i t t s b u r g h ..............................S h a p e s , P h i la d e l p h ia ........................S h a p e s , C h ic a g o .............................................. 2 .1 0P la te s , P i t t s b u r g h .................................P l a te s , P h i la d e l p h ia ...........................P la te s , C h ic a g o .......................... • ■ •S h e e ts , h o t - r o l l e d , P i t t s b u r g h . . .S h e e ts , c o ld - r o l l e d , P i t t s b u r g h .S h e e ts , N o . 2 4 g a lv . , P i t t s b u r g h S h e e ts , h o t - r o l l e d , G a r y ...............

S h e e ts , N o . 2 4 g a lv . , G a r y . . ...............B r ig h t b c s s . , b a s ic w i r e , P i t t s b u r g h . . T i n p l a t e , p e r b a s e b o x , P i t t s b u r g h . . W ir e n a i l s , P i t t s b u r g h ...........................

J u l y 1 4 , J u n e , A p r i l , J u ly .1 9 4 5 1 9 4 5 1 9 4 5 1 9 4 42 .2 5 c 2 .2 5 c 2 .1 5 c 2 .1 5 c2 .2 5 2 .2 5 2 .1 5 2 .1 52 .5 7 2 .5 7 2 .4 7 2 .4 72 .1 0 2 .1 0 2 .1 0 2 .1 02 .2 1 5 2 .2 1 5 2 .2 1 5 2 .2 1 52 .1 0 2 .1 0 2 .1 0 2 .1 02 .2 5 2 .2 5 2 .2 0 2 .1 02 .3 0 2 .3 0 2 .2 5 2 .1 52 .2 5 2 .2 5 2 .2 0 2 .1 02 .2 0 2 .2 0 2 .2 0 2 .1 03 .0 5 3 .0 5 3 .0 5 3 .0 53 .7 0 3 .7 0 3 .6 5 3 .5 02 .2 0 2 .2 0 2 .2 0 2 .1 03 .0 5 3 .0 5 3 .0 5 3 .0 53 .7 0 3 .7 0 3 .6 5 3 .5 02 .7 5 2 .7 5 2 .6 0 2 .6 0

$ 5 .0 0 $ 5 .0 0 * 5 .0 0 $ 5 .0 02 .9 0 2 .9 0 2 . SO 2 .5 5

Pig IronB e s s e m e r , d e l . P i t t s b u r g h ...........................B a s ic , V a l le y ............B a s ic , e a s t e r n d e l . P h i l a d e l p h ia N o . 2 f d ry . , d e l . P i t t s . , N .& S . S id e s .N o . 2 f o u n d r y , C h ic a g o ...........................S o u th e r n N o . ’ 2 , B i r m in g h a m ...............

Ñ o . 2 f d r y . , d e l . P h i la .

L a k e S u p . , c h a r c o a l , d e l . C h ic a g o G r a y f o r g e , d e l . P i t t s b u r g h F e r r o m a n g a n e s e , d e l . P i t t s b u r g h . .

Scrap

H e a v y m e l t , s te e l . Ñ o . 2 , E . P a .

Sem ifinished M aterialS h e e t b a r s , P i t t s b u r g h , C h ic a g o . .S la b s , P i t t s b u r g h , C h ic a g o ...............R e c o i l in g b i l l e t s . P i t t s b u r g h .W i r e r o i is . N o . 5 t o , V i i i e h , P i t t s .

$ 3 6 .0 0 . 3 6 .0 0 . 3 6 .0 0 . 2 .1 5

$ 3 6 .0 03 6 .0 03 6 .0 0

2 .1 5

$ 3 4 .0 03 4 .0 03 4 .0 0

2.00

$ 3 4 .0 03 4 .0 03 4 .0 0

2.00

CokeC o n n c l ls v i l l e , f u r n a c e , o v e n s . . C o n n e l ls v i l l e , f o u n d r y o v e n s C h ic a g o , b y - p r o d u c t f d r y . , d e l .

J u l y 14 , J u n e , A p ril,1 9 4 5 1 9 4 5 1945

$ 2 6 .1 9 $ 2 6 .1 9 $ 2 6 .1 92 4 .5 0 2 4 .5 0 2 4 .5 02 6 .3 4 2 6 .3 4 2 6 .3 42 5 .6 9 2 5 .6 9 2 5 .6 92 5 .0 0 2 5 .0 0 2 5 .0 02 1 .3 8 2 1 .3 S 2 1 .3 82 5 .3 0 2 5 .3 0 2 5 .3 02 6 .8 4 2 6 .8 4 2 6 .8 42 5 .0 0 2 5 .0 0 2 5 .0 02 5 .0 0 2 5 .0 0 2 5 .0 03 7 .3 4 3 7 .3 4 3 7 .3 42 5 .1 9 2 5 .1 9 2 5 .1 9

1 4 0 .3 3 1 4 0 .3 3 1 4 0 .3 3

$ 2 0 .0 0 $ 2 0 .0 0 $ 2 0 .0 01 8 .7 5 1 8 .7 5 1 8 .7 51 8 .7 5 1 8 .4 5 1 8 .7 52 2 .2 5 2 2 .2 5 2 2 .2 52 0 .0 0 2 0 .0 0 2 0 .0 0

$ 7 .5 0 $ 7 .5 0 $ 7 .0 08 .2 5 8 .2 5 7 .7 5

1 3 .3 5 1 3 .3 5 1 3 .3 5

18.3ísám

STEEL, IRON RAW M A TER IA L, FU EL AND M ETALS PR ICES )F o l lo w in g a r e m a x im u m p r ic e s e s ta b l i s h e d b y O P A S c h e d u le N o . 6 i s s u e d A p r i l 1 6 1 9 4 1 r e v i s e d J u n e 2 0 , 1 9 4 1 F e b . 4 , * * 5 $ £

1 9 4 5 T h e s c h e d u le c o v e rs a l l i r o n o r i t e e l i n g o ts , a l l s e m if in is h e d i ro n o x s te e l p r o d u c t s , a l l f in is h e d h o t - r o l le d , c o ld - r o l l e d i r o n o •‘ “ r 1 . . . . r . * e _ ; . i i i_ . - „ I n l . r i n e n u H n e . d ra w v n c . e x t r u d in g . e tc . . a l t h o u g h o n ly p rin c ip a l ^a n d a n v i ro u o r

i u e c o v e rs a l t i r o n o r « ic e i u ig u is , u i h b i u i u i i i i c v u u u u* — — r — ;; --------- -------. . . , ___ „u -u -r-a jr s te e l p r o d u c t w h ic h is f u r t h e r f in is h e d b y g a lv a n i s in g , p l a t i n g , c o a t in g , d r a w in g , e x t r u d in g , e tc . , a l t h o u g h o n l . t0 ¡¿'

l i s h e d b a s in g p o in ts f o r s e le c te d p r o d u c t s a r e n a m e d s p e c if ic a l ly . S e c o n d s a n d o f f - g r a d e p r o d u c t s a r e a ls o c o v e r e d . E x c e p t io n s P P . jv id u a ! c o m p a n ie s a r e n o t e d in t h e t a b l e . F i n i s h e d s te e l q u o t e d in o e n ta p e r p o u n d .

Sem ifinished SteelG r o s s to n tw ists e x c e p t w i r e r o d s , « h e lp .C a r b o n S te e l I n g o t« : F .c x b . m !U b a s e , r e r o i l i n g q u a ! . , s t a n d , a n a ly s i s . » 3 1 .0 0 .( E m p i r e S h e e t £ T in P l a t e C o . , M a n s f ie ld . O ., m a y q u o t e c a r b o n « te e l I n g o ts a t » 5 3 g r o s s to n . r .o .b . m il l K a i s e r C o . I n c . , $ 4 3 . I .o .b , P a c i f ic p o r t s . !A l le y S te e l I n s e t s : P i t t s b u r g h , C h ic a g o , B u f f a ­lo , B e th le h e m . C a n to n . M a s s i l l o n ; u n c r o p . , $ 4 5 . K e r o i l t n c B i l le ts , B lo o m » . s l a b s : P i t t s b u r g h . C h ic a g o . G a r y . C le v e la n d . B u f f a lo . S p a r r o w s P o i n t . B i r m i n g h a m . Y o u n g s to w n . » 5 6 : D e t r o i t , d e l . $ S S : D u l u t h ( b i t ' * 3 8 ; P a c . P o r t s , ( b i l ) $ 4 3 - ( A n d r e w s S te e l Cto.. c a r b o n s la b s $ 4 1 ; C o n t in e n t a l S te e l C o r p . . b i l l e t s $ 3 4 . K o k o m o , to A c m e S te e l O x ; N o r t h w e s te r n S te e l & W ir e C o . . $ 4 1 . S t e r l in g . Ü ), ; L a c le d e S te e l C o . $ 3 4 . A l to n o r M s d ls c n , n i . ; W h e e l in g S te e l C o r p . $ 5 6 b a s e , b i l l e ts t o r l e o d - l e a s e , » 34 , P o r t s ­m o u th , O , , o n s l a b s o n M T B d i r e c t i v e s . G r a n ­d e C i ty S te e l O x » 4 7 .5 3 g r o s s t e n s l a b s f r o m D .P .C . m il l . G v ssev a S t e e l O x . K a i s e r O x I n c . , S5S.C-4. P a c , p o r t a . !F c e t i n g Q u a l i t y B lo a n s s , S t a b s , B i l l e t s : P i t t s ­b u r g h . C h ic a g o , G a r y . C le v e la n d , B u f f a lo , B i r m i n g h a m . Y o u n g s to w n , » 42 . D e t r o i t , d e L $ 4 4 : D u l u t h , b i l l e ts . $ 4 4 ; f o r s , b ib 1 ,0 -b . P a c .

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c .L , 1 3 .9 0 c ; c e n t r a l , a d d .4 0 c a n d.6 5 c ; w e s t e r n , a d d l c a n d 1 .8 5 c — h ig h n i t r o g e n , h ig h c a r b o n i e r r o - c h r o m e : A d d 5 c t o a l l h i g h c a r b o n f e r r o c h r o m e p r ic e « ; a i l z o n e s ; lo w c a r b o n e a s t e r n , b u lk , c . l . , m a x . 0 .0 6 % c a r b o n , 2 3 c , 0 .1 0 % 2 2 .3 0 c , 0 .1 5 % 2 2 c , 0 .2 0 % 2 1 .5 0 c , 0 .5 0 %2 1 c . 1 .0 0 % 2 0 .5 0 c , 2 .0 0 % 1 9 .5 0 c ;2 0 0 0 lb . t o c . l . , 0 .0 0 % 2 4 c , 0 .1 0 % 2 3 .5 0 c , 0 .1 5 % 2 3 c , 0 .2 0 % 2 2 .5 0 c , 0 .5 0 % 2 2 c , 1 .0 0 % 2 1 .5 0 c , 2 .0 0 %2 0 .5 0 c ; c e n t r a l , a d d .4 c f o r b u lk , c . l . a n d .6 5 c f o r 2 0 0 0 lb . t o c .L ; w e s t e r n , a d d l c fo e b u lk , c . l . a a d 1 .8 5 c f o r 2 0 0 0 lb . c . l . ; c a r l o a d p a c k e d d i f f e r e n t i a l ,4 5 c ; f .o .b . s h ip ­p in g p o in t , f r e i g h t a l lo w e d . P r ic e « p e r lb . c o n ta in e d C r h i g h n i t r o g e n , lo w c a r b o n f e r ro c h ro m e * . A d d 2 c to lo w c a r b o n f e r r o c h r o m e p r ic e « ; a l l z o n e s . F o r h i g h e r n i t r o g e n c a r b o n a d d 2 c f o r e a c h .2 5 % o f n i t r o g e n o v e r 0 .7 5 % .S p e c ia l F o u n d r y f e r r o c h r o m e : ( C h r o m . 6 2 -6 6 % , c a r . a p p r o x . 5 - 7 % ) C o n t r a c t , c a r l o a d , b u lk 1 3 .5 0 c , p a c k e d 1 3 .9 5 c , t o n lo t* 1 4 .4 0 c , le«* , 1 4 .9 0 c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l lo w e d , p e r p o u n d c o n ta i n e d c h r o m i u m ; 1 3 .9 0 c , 1 4 .3 5 c , 1 5 .0 5 c a n d 1 5 .5 5 c c e n t r a l ;1 4 .5 0 c , 1 4 .9 5 c , 1 6 .2 5 c a n d 1 6 .7 5 c , w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p .2 5 c .S .M . F e r r o c h r o m e . h ig h c a r b o n : ( C h r o m . 6 0 -6 5 % , s ll . 4 -6 % , m a n g .4 -6 % a n d c a r b o n 4 - 6 % .) C o n t r a c t , c a r l o t , b u lk . 1 4 .0 0 c , p a c k e d 1 4 .4 5 c , t o n lo t s 1 4 .9 0 c , le s s 1 5 .4 0 c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l o w e d ; 1 4 .4 0 c , 1 4 .8 5 c ,1 5 .5 5 c a n d 1 6 .0 5 c . c e n t r a l ; 1 5 .0 0 c . 1 5 .4 5 c , 1 6 .7 5 c a n d 1 7 .2 5 c , w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p .2 5 c ; p e r p o u n d c o n ta i n e d c h r o m iu m .S .M . F e r r o c h r o m e , lo w c a r b o n :( C h r o m . 6 2 -6 6 % , s i l . 4 -6 % , m a n g .

4 -6 % a n d c a r b o n 1 .2 5 % m a x . ) C o n ­t r a c t , c a r l o t , b u lk , 20.00c , p a c k e d 2 0 .4 5 c , t o n l o t s 2 1 .0 0 c , l e s s t o n lo t s 22. 00c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l lo w e d , p e r p o u n d c o n ta i n e d c h r o m i u m ; 2 0 .4 0 c , 2 0 .8 5 c , 2 1 .6 5 c a n d 2 2 .6 5 c , c e n t r a l ; 2 1 .0 0 c . 2 1 .4 5 c , 2 2 .8 5 c a n d 2 3 .8 5 c , w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p .2 5 c .S M Z A llo y : ( S i l ic o n 6 0 -6 5 % , M a n g .5 -7 % , z i r . 5 -7 % a n d i r o n a p p r o x . 20% ) p e r lb . o f a l l o y c o n t r a c t e a x - l o t s 1 1 .5 0 c , t o n l o t s 1 2 .0 0 c , ) « u1 2 .5 0 c , e a s t e r n z o n e , f r e i g h t a l ­lo w e d ; 1 2 .0 0 c , 1 2 .8 5 c a n d 1 3 .3 5 cc e n t r a l z o n e ; 1 4 .0 5 c , 1 4 .6 0 c a n d1 5 .1 0 c , w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p .2 5 c . S i lc a z A l lo y : (S il . 3 5 -4 0 % , c a l .9 -1 1 % , a lu m . 6- 8% , z i r . 3 -5 % , t i t .9 -1 1 % a n d b o r o n 0 .5 5 - 0 .7 5 % ) , p e r lb . o f a l l o y c o n t r a c t , c a r l o t s 2 5 .0 0 c , t o n lo ts 2 6 .0 0 c , le s s t o n l o t s 2 7 .0 0 c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l o w e d ; 2 5 .5 0 c , 2 6 .7 5 c a n d 2 7 .7 5 c , c e n t r a l ; 2 7 .5 0 c , 2 8 .9 0 c a n d 2 9 .9 0 c , w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p .2 5 c .S i lv a z A l lo y : ( S il . 3 5 -4 0 % , v a n .9 -1 1 % , a lu m . 5 -7 % , z i r 5 -7 % , t i t .9 -1 1 % a n d b o r o n 0 .5 5 -0 .7 5 % ) , p e r lb . o f a l lo y . C o n t r a c t , c a r l o t s 5 8 .0 0 c , t o n lo ts 5 9 .0 0 c , le s s 6 0 .0 0 c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l o w e d ; 5 8 .5 0 c , 5 9 .7 5 c a n d 6 0 .7 5 c , c e n t r a l ; 6 0 .5 0 c , 6 1 .9 0 c a n d 6 2 .9 0 c . w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p ^ 4 c .C M S Z A llo y 4 : ( C h r . 4 5 -4 9 % , m a n g . 4 -6 % , s il . 1 8 -2 1 % , z i r . 1 .2 5 -1 .7 5 % , a n d c a r . 3 .0 0 - 4 .5 0 % ) . C o n t r a c t , c a r ­lo ts , b u lk , 1 1 .0 0 c a n d p a c k e d 1 1 .5 0 c ; t o n l o t s 1 2 .0 0 c ; l e s s 1 2 .5 0 c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l o w e d ; 1 1 .5 0 c a n d 1 2 .0 0 c , 1 2 .7 5 c , 1 3 .2 5 c , c e n t r a l ; 1 3 .5 0 c a n d 1 4 .0 0 c . 1 4 .7 5 c , 1 5 .2 5 c , w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p .2 5 c .C M S Z A llo y 5 : ( C h r . 5 0 -5 6 % , m a n g .4 -6 % , s il . 1 3 .5 0 -1 6 .0 0 % , z i r . .7 5 -1 .2 5 % , c a r . 3 .5 0 -5 .0 0 % ) p e r lb . o f a l lo y . C o n t r a c t , c a r l o t s , b u lk , 1 0 .7 5 ,

p a c k e d 1 1 .2 5 c , t o n l o t s 1 1 .7 5 c , le w 1 2 .2 5 c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l« w » d ;1 1 .2 5 c , 1 1 .7 5 c a n d 1 2 .5 0 c , c e n t r a l ; 1 3 .2 5 c a n d 1 3 .7 5 c , 1 4 .5 0 c a n d 1 5 .0 0 c , w e s t e r n , s p o t u p .2 5 c .F e r r o - B o r o n : ( B o r . 1 7 .5 0 % m ln , ,s il . 1 .5 0 % m a x . , a lu m . 0 .5 0 % m a x . a n d c a r . 0 .5 0 % m a x . ) p e r lb . o f a l l o y c o n t r a c t t o n lo ts , $ 1 .20, la«* to n lo t s $ .1 .30 , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l ­lo w e d ; $ 1 .2 0 7 5 a n d $ 1 .3 0 7 5 c e n t r a l ; $ 1 .2 2 9 a n d $ 1 .3 2 9 , w e s t e r n ; s p o t a d d 5 c .M a n g a n e a e - B o r o n : ( M a n g . 7 5 % a p ­p r o x . , b o r o n 1 5 -2 0 % , i r o n 5 % m a x . , s il . 1 .5 0 % m a x . a n d c a r b o n 5 % m a x . ) , p e r lb . o f a l l o y . C o n t r a c t , to n lo ts , $ 1 .8 9 , l e s s , $ 2 .0 1 , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l o w e d ; $ 1 .9 0 3 a n d $ 2 .0 6 3 c e n t r a l , $ 1 .9 3 5 a n d $ 2 .0 5 5 w e s t e r n , s p o t u p 5 c .N le k e l - B o r o n : ( B o r . 1 5 -1 8 % , a lu m . 1 % m a x . , s i l . 1 .5 0 % m a x . , c a r . 0 .5 0 % m a x . , I r o n 3 % m a x . , n ic k e l , b a l a n c e ) , p e r lb . o f a l l o y . C o n t r a c t , 5 t o n s o r m o re , $ 1 .9 0 , 1 t o n t o 5 t o n s , $ 2.00, l e s s t h a n t o n e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l o w e d ; $ 1 .9 1 2 5 . $ 2 .0 1 2 5 a n d $ 2 .1 1 2 5 , c e n t r a l ; $ 1 .9 4 4 5 , $ 2 .0 4 4 5 a n d $ 2 .1 4 4 5 , w e s t ­e r n ; s p o t s a m e a s c o n t r a c t . C h r o m iu m - C o p p e r : ( C h r o m . 8 -1 1 % ,c u . 8 8 -9 0 % , I ro n 1 % m a x . 0 .5 0 % m a x . ) c o n t r a c t , a n y q u a n ­t i t y , 4 5 c , e a s t e r n , N i a g a r a F 'a lla , N . Y . , b a s i s , f r e i g h t a l lo w e d t o d e s ­t i n a t io n , e x c e p t to p o in t s t a k i n g r a t e in e x c e s s o f S t . L o u is r a t e t o w fclch e q u iv a l e n t o f S t . L o u i s r a t e w iH b e a l l o w e d ; s p o t , u p 2c .V a n a d iu m O x id e : ( F u s e d : V a n a ­d iu m o x id e 8 5 -8 8 % , s o d iu m o x id e a p p r o x . 10% a n d c a lc iu m o x td « a p p r o x . 2 % , o r R e d C a k e : V a n a ­d iu m o x id e 8 5 % a p p r o x . , s o d iu m o x ­id e , a p p r o x . 9 % a n d w a t e r ap p re o c .

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3 .5 % ) C o n t r a c t , a n y Q u a n t i ty , $ 1 .1 0 e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a llo w e d , p e r p o u n d v a n a d iu m o x id e c o n ta i n e d ; c o n t r a c t c a r l o t s , $ 1 ,1 0 5 , le e s c a r l o t s , $ 1 ,1 0 8 ,c e n t r a l : $ 1 ,1 1 8 a n d $ 1 ,1 3 3 , w e s t e r n ; s p o t a d d 5 c t o c o n t r a c t s in a l l c a s e s .C a lc iu m m e t a l ; c o s t : C o n t r a c t , t o n lo ts o r m o r e $ 1 .8 0 , l e s s , $ 2 .3 0 , e a s t e r n z o n e , f r e i g h t a l lo w e d , p e r p o u n d o f m e t a l ; $ 1 ,8 0 9 a n d $ 2 ,3 0 9 C e n t r a l , $1.8-19 a n d $ 2 ,3 4 9 , w e s t ­e r n ; s p o t u p 5 c ,C a lc in m -M a n g a n c s e - S U I c o n : ( C a L1 6 -2 0 % m a n g . 1 4 -1 8 % a n d s il . 5 3 -5 9 % ) , p e r lb . o f a l lo y . C o n t r a c t , c a r l o t s , 1 5 .5 0 c , t o n l o t s 1 6 .5 0 c a n d ie s s 1 7 .0 0 c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l o w e d ; 1 6 .0 0 c , 1 7 .3 5 c a n d 1 7 .8 5 c , e e n t r a l ; 1 8 .0 5 c , 1 9 .1 0 c a n d 1 9 .6 0 c w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p ,2 5 c .C a lc iu m - S i l ic o n : ( C a l . 3 0 -3 5 % , s il . 6 0 -6 5 % a n d i r o n 3 .0 0 % m a x . ) , p e r ib . o f a l lo y . C o n t r a c t , c a r l o t , l u m p 1 8 .0 0 c , to n l o t s 1 4 .5 0 c , l e s s 1 5 .5 0 c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l o w e d ; 1 3 .5 0 c , 1 5 .2 5 c a n d 1 6 .2 5 c c e n t r a l ; 1 5 .5 5 c . 1 7 .4 0 c a n d 1 8 .4 0 c , w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p .2 5 c .B r iq u e t s , F e r r o m a n g a n e s e : ( W e ig h t a p p ro x . 3 lb s . a n d c o n ta i n in g e x ­a c t l y 2 lb s . m a n g . ) p e r lb . o f b r i - Q u e ts . C o n t r a c t , c a r l o t s , b u lk ,0 6 0 5 c , p a c k e d ,0 6 3 c , t o n s .G 6S5c, l e s s ,0 6 8 c , e a s t e r n , f r e i g h t a l l o w e d ; ,0 6 3 c , 0 6 5 5 c , .0 7 5 5 c a n d ,0 7 8 c , c e n t r a l ;

■066c, ,0 6 8 5 c , ,0 8 5 5 c a n d ,08S o ,w e s t e r n ; s p o t u p ,2 5 c .B r i q u e t s : F e r r o c h r o m e , c o n ta i n in ge x a c t ly 2 lb . c r . , e a s t e r n z o n e , b u lk , c . l . , 8 .2 5 c p e r lb . o f b r iq u e t s , 2 0 0 0 lb . to c . l . , 8 .7 5 c ; c e n t r a l , a d d ,3 c f o r c . l . a n d ,5 c f o r 2 0 0 0 lb . t o c . 1 ; w e s te r n , a d d ,7 0 c f o r c . l . , a n d ,2 c fo r 2000 lb . t o c . I . ; s i l i c o m a n g a n e s e .

e a s t e r n , c o n ta i n in g e x a c t l y 2 lb . m a n g a n e s e a n d a p p r o x . V, lb . s il ic o n , b u lk , c . l . , o.SO c, 2 0 0 0 lb s . t o c .L , 6 .3 0 c ; c e n t r a l , a d d ,2 5 c f o r C.L a n d l c f o r 2 0 0 0 lb . t o c . l . ; w e s t ­e rn , a d d ,5 c f o r c .L , a n d 2 c f o r 2000 lb . to c . l . ; f e r r o s l l l e o n , e a s t ­e rn , a p p r o x . 5 lb . , c o n ta i n in g e x ­a c t l y 2 lb . s i l ic o n , o r w e ig h in g a p ­p r o x . 2V. lb . a n d c o n ta i n in g e x a c t l y 1 lb . o f s i l ic o n , b u lk , c .1 ., 3 .3 5 c , 2 0 0 0 lb . to c . l . , 3 .8 0 c ; c e n t r a l , a d d 1 .5 0 c f o r c . l . , a n d .4 0 c f o r 2 0 0 0 lb . to c . l . ; w e s t e r n , a d d 3 .0 c f o r c.1. a n d .4 5 c f o r 2 0 0 0 t o c . l . ; f .o .b . s h ip ­p in g p o in t , f r e i g h t a l lo w e d . F e r r o m o ly b d e n u m : 5 5 -7 5 % p e r lb . c o n ta i n e d m o ly b d e n u m f .o .b . L a n - g e lo th a n d W a s h in g to n , P a , , f u r ­n a c e , a n y q u a n t i t y 9 5 .0 0 c . F e r r o p h o s p h o r u s : 1 7 -1 9 % , b a s e d o n 1 8 % p h o s p h o r u s c o n te n t , w i t h u n i t -

. a g e o f $ 3 f o r e a c h 1 % o f p h o s ­p h o r u s a b o v e o r b e lo w t h e b a s e ; g r o s s t o n s p e r c a r l o a d f .o .b . s e l l ­e r s ’ w o r k s , w i t h f r e i g h t e q u a l i z e d w i t h R o c k d a le , T e n n . ; c o n t r a c t p r ic e S 5 8 .5 0 , s p o t $ 6 2 .2 5 . F e r r o s i l l c o n : E a s t e r n z o n e , 9 0 -9 5 % , b u lk , c . l . . 1 1 .0 5 c , 2 0 0 0 lb . t o C .L , 1 2 .3 0 c ; S 0 -9 0 % , b u l k c .L , 8 .9 0 c ,2 0 0 0 lb . t o c .L , 9 .9 5 c ; 7 5 % , b u lk , c . l . , 8 .0 5 c , 2 0 0 0 lb . t o c . l . , 9 .0 5 c ; 5 0 % , b u lk c .L , 6 .6 5 c a n d 2 0 0 0 lb . t o c . l . , 7 .8 5 c ; c e n t r a l 9 0 -9 5 % , b u lk , c . l . , 1 1 . 20c , 2000 lb . to c . l . , 1 2 .8 0 c ; S 0 -9 0 % , b u lk , c . l . , 9 .0 5 c , 2 0 0 0 t o c .L , 1 0 .4 5 c ; 7 5 % , b u lk , c . l . , 8 .2 0 c , 2 0 0 0 lb . to c . l . , 9 .6 5 c ; 5 0 % b u lk , c . l . , 7 .1 0 c , 2 0 0 0 lb . t o C .L , 9 .7 0 c ; w e s t e r n , 9 0 -9 5 % , b u lk , c .1 ., 1 1 .6 5 c , 2 0 0 0 lb . t o c . l . , 1 5 .6 0 c ; S 0 -9 0 % , b u lk , c . l . , 9 .5 5 c , 2 0 0 0 lb . t o c . l . , 1 3 .5 0 c ; 7 5 % , b u lk , c .1 ., S .7 5 c , 2 0 0 0

to c . l . , 1 3 .1 0 c ; 5 0 % , b u lk , c .L ,7 2 5 c , 2 0 0 0 to C .L , 8 .7 5 c ; f .o .b . s h ip ­p in g p o in t , f r e i g h t a l lo w e d . P r ic e s p e r lb . c o n ta i n e d s il ic o n .S i l ic o n M e ta l : M in . 9 7 % s i l ic o n a n d m a x . 1 % iro n , e a s t e r n z o n e , b if ik . c l . , 1 2 .9 0 c . 2 0 0 0 lb . t o c .L , 1 3 .4 5 c . c e n t r a l , 1 3 .2 0 c a n d 1 3 .9 0 c ; w e s t e r n . 13.S5C a n d 1 6 .S 0 c ; m in . 9 6 % s il ic o n a n d m a x . 2% i r o n , e a s t e r n , b u lk , c I , 1 2 .5 0 c , 2 0 0 0 lb . t o c . l . , 1 3 .1 0 c ; c e n t r a l , 1 2 .8 0 c a n d 1 3 .5 5 c ; w e s t e r n . 1 3 .4 5 c a n d 1 6 .5 0 c f .o .b . s h ip p in g p o in t , f r e i g h t a l lo w e d . P r i c e p e r•b. c o n ta in e d s il ic o n . ____M a n g a n e s e M e ta l : (9 6 t o 9 8 % m a n ­g a n e s e , m a x . 2% I r o n ) , p e r lb . o l m e t a l , e a s t e r n z o n e , b u lk , c . l . , 3 6 c , 2 0 0 0 lb . to c . l . , 3 8 c , c e n t r a l , 3 6 .2 5 c , a n d 3 9 c ; w e s t e r n 3 6 .5 5 c a n d 4 1 .0 5 c ; 9 5 t o 9 7 % m a n g a n e s e , m a x . 2 .5 0 % iro n , e a s t e r n , b u lk , c . l . , 3 4 c ; 2 0 0 0 t o c . l . , 3 5 c ; c e n t r a l 3 4 .2 5 c a n d 3 6 c ; w e s t e r n , 3 4 .o o c a n d 3 8 .0 5 c ; L a b . s h ip p in g p o in t , f r e i g h t a llo w e d . F e r r o t u n g s t e n : S p o t , c a r l o t s , p e r lb . c o n ta i n e d tu n g s t e n , $ 1 .9 0 ; f r e i g h t a l lo w e d a s f a r w e s t a s S t . L o u is . T u n g s t e n M e ta l P o w d e r : s p o t , n o t l e s s t h a n 9 7 p e r c e n t , $ 2 .5 0 -5 2 .6 0 ; f r e i g h t a l lo w e d a s f a r w e s t a s S L L o u is . , ,F e r r o t l t a n l u m : 4 0 -4 5 % , R .R . f r e i g h t a llo w e d , p e r lb . c o n ta i n e d t i t a n i u m ; t o n lo ts $ 1 .2 3 ; l e s s - to n lo t s $ 1 .2 5 ; e a s t e r n . S p o t u p 5 c e n t s p e r lb . F e r r o t i t a a t u m : 2 0 -2 5 % , 0 .1 0 m a x i ­m u m c a r b o n ; p e r lb . c o n ta i n e d t i ­t a n i u m ; t o n lo t s $ 1 .3 5 ; l e s s - to n l o t s S I . 4 0 e a s t e r n . S p o t 5 c e n ts p e r lb . h ig h e r . _H ig h - C a r b o n F e r r o t l t a n l u m : l o - 2 0 % c o n t r a c t b a s i s , p e r g r o s s t o n , f .o .b . N i a g a r a F a l l s , N . Y ., f r e i g h t a l ­

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am : Prim e w e s t e r n 8 .2 5 c , s e le c t 8 .3 5 c , b r a s s special 8.50c, I n te r m e d ia t e 8 .7 5 c , E . S t . L o u is , (or carlots. F o r 2 0 ,0 0 0 lb s . t o c a r l o t s a d d ).15c; 10,000-20,000 0 .2 5 c ; 2 0 0 0 -1 0 ,0 0 0 0 .4 0 c ; inder 2000 0 .50c.

tead: Com m on 6 .3 5 c , c h e m ic a l , 6 .4 0 c , c o r r o d ­ing 6.45c, E . S t . L o u is f o r c a r l o a d s ; a d d 5 totals for C h ic a g o , M in n e a p o l is - S t . P a u l , M il- wiukee-Kenosha d i s t r i c t s ; a d d 1 5 p o in t s f o r O eveland-A kron-D etro it a r e a , N e w J e r s e y New York s ta t e , T e x a s , P a c if i c C o a s t . R lc h - nwd. I n d ia n a p o li s -K o k o m o ; a d d 2 0 p o in t s f o r Binnlngham, C o n n e c t ic u t , B o s to n - W o r c e s t e r , Springfield, N ew H a m p s h i r e , R h o d e I s l a n d .

Primuy A lu m in u m : 9 9 % p lu s , I n g o ts 1 5 .0 0 c Jd , pigs 14 .00c d e l . ; m e t a l l u r g i c a l 9 4 % m ln . «■50c del. B a s e 1 0 ,0 0 0 lb s . a n d o v e r ; a d d V>c 2000-9999 lb s . ; l c l e s s t h r o u g h 2 0 0 0 lb s .

SwmSsry A lu m in u m : A l l g r a d e s 1 2 .5 0 c p e r lb . w ept as fo llo w s : L o w - g r a d e p i s to n a l l o y (N o . “ 2 type) 1 0 .5 0 c ; N o . 1 2 f o u n d r y a l l o y (N o . 2 trade) 1 0 .5 0 c ; c h e m i c a l w a r f a r e s e r v i c e »tot (921^% - P lu s ) 1 0 .0 0 c ; s t e e l d e o x id i z e r s S * * h b a rs , g r a n u l a t e d o r s h o t . G r a d e 1 i W 4 % ) 1 1 .0 0 c. G r a d e 2 (9 2 -9 5 % ) 9 .5 0 c t o

Grade 3 ( 9 0 -9 2 % ) 8 .5 0 c t o 8 .7 5 c , G r a d e M H-90% ) 7 .5 0 c t o 8 .0 0 c ; a n y o t h e r In g o t w talnlng o v e r 1 % I ro n , e x c e p t P M 7 5 4 a n d ™tae«j, 12 .00c. A b o v e p r ic e s f o r 3 0 ,0 0 0 lb . " R ; a d d 14c 1 0 ,0 0 0 -3 0 .0 0 0 l b . ; % c 1 0 0 0 - ¡fcu » ’ l c *e s s ( -b an 1 0 0 0 lb s . P r ic e s In ­due freight a t c a r l o a d r a t e u p t o 7 5 c e n t s

hundred.

Mjtneslum: C o m m e r c ia l ly p u r e ( 9 9 .8 % ) s t a n d - (4 -n o tc h , 1 7 l b s . ) , 2 0 .5 0 c l b . , a d d

,5 ™ , special s h a p e s a n d s iz e s . A l lo y In g o ts , “ ®dl*ry b o m b a llo y , 2 3 .4 0 c ; 5 0 -5 0 m a g - w u m -alu m ln u m , 2 3 .7 5 c ; A S T M B 9 3 -4 1 T , n i S , 3, 4’ 1 2 ' 1 3 ' 14 , 1 7 , 2 3 .0 0 c ; N o s . 4 X , S n im S 17X ’ 2 5 .0 0 c ; A S T M B -1 0 7 -4 1 T , o r

No. 8 X , 2 3 .0 0 c ; N o . 1 8 , 2 3 .5 0 c ; N o . m S -. S e le c te d m a g n e s i u m c r y s t a l s ,

an d m u U s, I n c lu d in g a l l p a c k in g r™ d n i, b a r r e l l in g , h a n d l i n g , a n d o t h e r « w a i lo i ) c h a rg e s , 2 3 .5 0 c . P r ic e s f o r 1 0 0 ^ or m ore; f o r 2 5 -1 0 0 l b s . , a d d 1 0 c ; f o r Ink l i 1 ® lb s - ' 2 0 c . I n c e n d i a r y b o m b a l lo y , ¿ 1 3 p “ I, a n y Q u a n t i t y ; c a r l o a d f r e i g h t a l -

w ell o th e r a l l o y s f o r 5 0 0 lb s . o r m o re .

b": Price; e x -d o c k , N e w Y o r k In 5 - t o n lo ts .2 2 4 0 -1 1 ,1 9 9 l b s . , 1 % C 1 0 0 0 -2 2 3 9 .

CfkiriT 999, 30 u n d e r 5 0 0 . G r a d e A , 9 9 .8 % 99(ft ™ <tocU«Jea S t r a i t s ) , 5 2 .0 O c ; G r a d e B , ior r J ? *“ ® iep» n o t m e e t in g s p e c i f ic a t i o n s an iS r*® A, w i th 0 .0 5 p e r c e n t m a x i m u m 5 ® - 8 87^ c ; G r a d e c - 9 9 .6 5 -9 9 .7 9 % In c l .

G™ oe D , 9 9 .3 0 -9 9 .6 4 % I n c h , 5 1 .5 0 c ; ¿ 1 9^ 99 '4 9 % In c h 5 1 .1 3 1 4 c ; G r a d e F ,

( fo r t i n c o n t e n t ) , 5 1 .d 0 c .

r i ' i f f 1 -^S Ja ric a n , b u l k c a r l o t s f .o .b . L a - ®er 9? '0 % t o " - s % a n d " - 8 % a n d iiSDc* ao «2? n ie e t in g : s p e c i f ic a t i o n s b e lo w , and o f 'w 7 * ^ o v e r ( a r s e n i c , 0 .0 5 % , m a x . K W i w lmi ,u r l lJ e s , 0 .1 % , m a x . ) 1 5 .0 0 c . O n t o i o S f i u 63 ac*d i o r e s s t h a n c a r l o a d 223 lb ^ n irV f o r 9 9 9 9 - 2 2 4 - lb . ; a n d 2 c f o r

° n s a le s b y d e a l e r s , d i s t r i b u - tivejy Jol3t)e rs a d d % c , l c , a n d 3 c , r e s p e c -

k S s i , J 'a a t r o l y t l c c a th o d e s , 9 9 .5 % , f .o .b . ( « ta v i u • : p l s a n d s h o t P r o d u c e d f r o m * t a s n t l c a tb o d e s 3 6 .0 0 c ; “ F ” n i c k e l s h o t

sh<k°28a(^:lti0nS t0 °aSt *r0n’ 34'00c:

ba? , mi»<?PA. c e i l ln e P r ic e s p e r 7 6 - lb . f l a s k HMecee i- s tl lP m e n t o r e n t r y . D o m e s t i c h i t t i l ? C a lif ., O r e g . , W a s h . , I d a h o , N e v . , ^ k iL i p ro d u c e d ln T e x a s , A r k . $ 1 9 3 .

produced in M e x ic o , d u t y p a id , $ 1 9 3 . JP 0*” N e w Y o r k , n o m in a l f o r 5 0

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t : P rim e, w h i te , 9 9 % , c a r l o t s , 4 .0 0 c lb . Benin,,

3 .7 5 -4 .2 5 % B e . , 5 1 7 lb . c o n -

s t r a i g h t o r f i a t f o r m s 9 0 .0 0 c l b . , d e l . ; a n o d e s , b a l l s , d i s c s a n d a l l o t h e r s p e c i a l o r p a t e n t e d s h a p e s 9 5 .0 0 c lb . d e l.

C o b a l t : 9 7 -9 9 % , $ 1 .5 0 lb . f o r 5 5 0 lb . ( b b l . ) ; 5 1 .5 2 lb . f o r 1 0 0 lb . ( c a s e ) ; $ 1 .5 7 lb . u n d e r 1 0 0 lb .

I n d i u m : 9 9 .9 % , $ 7 .5 0 p e r t r o y o u n c e .

G o ld : U . S . T r e a s u r y , $ 3 5 p e r o u n c e .

S i lv e r : O p e n m a r k e t , N . Y . 4 4 .7 5 c p e r o u n c e .

P l a t i n u m : $ 3 5 p e r o u n c e .

I r i d i u m : $ 1 6 5 p e r t r o y o u n c e .

P a l l a d i u m : $ 2 4 p e r t r o y o u n c e .

Rolled, Drawn, Extruded Products( C o p p e r a n d b r a s s p r o d u c t p r ic e s b a s e d o n 1 2 .0 0 c , C o n n . , f o r c o p p e r . F r e i g h t p r e p a i d o n 100 lb s . o r m o r e . )

S h e e t : C o p p e r 2 0 .8 7 c ; y e l lo w b r a s s 1 9 .4 8 c ; c o m m e r c i a l b r o n z e , 9 0 % 2 1 .0 7 c , 9 5 % 2 1 .2 8 c ; r e d b r a s s , 8 0 % 2 0 .1 5 c , 8 5 % 2 0 .3 6 c ; p h o s p h o r b r o n z e , G r a d e s A a n d B 5 % 3 6 .2 5 c ; E v e r d u r , H e r c u lo y , D u r o n z e o r e q u iv . 2 6 .0 0 c ; n a v a l b r a s s 2 4 .5 0 c ; m a n g a n e s e b r o n z e 2 8 .0 0 c ; M u n tz m e t a l 2 2 .7 5 c ; n i c k e l s i l v e r 5 % 2 6 .5 0 c .

R o d s : C o p p e r , h o t - r o l l e d 1 7 .3 7 c , c o ld - r o l le d 1 8 .3 7 c ; y e l lo w b r a s s 1 5 .0 1 c ; c o m m e r c i a l b r o n z e 9 0 % 2 1 .3 2 c , 9 5 % 2 1 .5 3 c ; r e d b r a s s 8 0 %2 0 .4 0 c , 8 5 % 2 0 .6 1 c ; p h o s p h o r b r o n z e G r a d e A , B 5 % 3 6 .5 0 c ; E v e r d u r , H e r c u lo y , D u r o n z e o r e q u iv . 2 5 .5 0 c ; N a v a l b r a s s 1 9 .1 2 c ; m a n g a ­n e s e b r o n z e 2 2 .5 0 c ; M u n tz m e t a l 1 8 .8 7 c ; n i c k e l s i l v e r 5 % 2 6 .5 0 c .

S e a m le s s T u b i n g : C o p p e r 2 1 .3 7 c ; y e l lo w b r a s s 2 2 .2 3 c ; c o m m e r c i a l b r o n z e 9 0 % 2 3 .4 7 c ; r e d b r a s s 8 0 % 2 2 .8 0 c , 8 5 % 2 3 .0 1 c .

E x t r u d e d S h a p e s : C o p p e r 2 0 .8 7 c ; a r c h i t e c t u r a l b r o n z e 1 9 .1 2 c ; m a n g a n e s e b r o n z e 2 4 .0 0 c ; M u n tz m e t a l 2 0 .1 2 c ; N a v a l b r a s s 2 0 .3 7 c .

A n g le s a n d C h a n n e l s : Y e l lo w b r a s s 2 7 .9 8 c ; c o m m e r c i a l b r o n z e 9 0 % 2 9 .5 7 c , 9 5 % 2 9 .7 8 c ; r e d b r a s s 8 0 % 2 8 .6 5 c , 8 5 % 2 8 .8 6 c .

C o p p e r W i r e : S o f t , f .o .b . E a s t e r n m il ls ,c a r l o t s 1 5 .3 7 % c , l e s s - c a r lo t s 1 5 .8 7 ^ , c ; w e a t h e r ­p r o o f , f .o .b . E a s t e r n m il ls , c a r l o t 1 7 .0 0 c , l e s s - c a r lo t s 1 7 .5 0 c ; m a g n e t , d e l i v e r e d , c a r l o t s 1 7 .5 0 c , 1 5 ,0 0 0 lb s . o r m o r e 1 7 .7 5 c , l e s s c a r ­lo ts 1 8 .2 5 c .

A lu m in u m S h e e t s a n d C i r c le « : 2 s a n d 3 s , f l a tm i l l f in is h , b a s e 3 0 ,0 0 0 lb s . o r m o r e ; d e l . ;

d i a m e t e r 9 "s h e e t w i d t h s a n d l a r g e r :

a s i n d i c a t e d ; c i r c le

G a g e W id th S h e e ts C ir c le s.2 4 9 " - 7 1 2 " - 4 8 " 2 2 .7 0 c 2 5 .2 0 c

8 -1 0 1 2 " - 4 8 " 2 3 .2 0 c 2 5 .7 0 c1 1 -1 2 2 6 " - 4 8 " 2 4 .2 0 c 2 7 .0 0 c1 3 -1 4 2 6 " - 4 8 " 2 5 .2 0 c 2 8 .5 0 c1 5 -1 6 2 6 " -4 S " 2 6 .4 0 c 3 0 .4 0 c1 7 -1 8 2 6 " - 4 8 " 2 7 .9 0 c 3 2 .9 0 c1 9 -2 0 2 4 " - 4 2 " 2 9 .8 0 c 3 5 .3 0 c2 1 -2 2 2 4 " - 4 2 " 3 1 .7 0 c 3 7 .2 0 c2 3 -2 4 3 " - 2 4 " 2 5 .6 0 c 2 9 .2 0 c

R e a d P r o d u c t s : P r i c e s t o j o b b e r s ; f u l l s h e e t s 9 .5 0 c ; c u t s h e e t s 9 .7 5 c ; p ip e 8 .1 5 c , N e w Y o r k ; 8 .2 5 c , P h i l a d e l p h ia , B a l t i m o r e . R o c h e s t e r a n d B u f f a l o ; 8 .7 5 c , C h ic a g o , C le v e la n d , W o r c e s te r , B o s to n .

Z in c P r o d u o t s : S h e e t f .o .b . m i l l , 1 3 .1 5 c ; 3 6 ,0 0 0lb s . a n d o v e r d e d u c t 7 % . R ib b o n a n d s t r i p1 2 .2 5 c , 3 0 0 0 - lb . l o t s d e d u c t 1 % , 6 0 0 0 lb s . 2 % 9 0 0 0 lb s . 3 % , 1 8 ,0 0 0 lb s . 4 % , c a r l o a d s a n do v e r 7 % . B o i le r p l a t e ( n o t o v e r 12*’) 3 t o n sa n d o v e r 1 1 .0 0 c ; 1 - 3 t o n s 1 2 .0 0 c ; 5 0 0 -2 0 0 0 lb s . 1 2 .5 0 c ; 1 0 0 -5 0 0 lb s . 1 3 .0 0 c ; u n d e r 1 0 0 lb s .1 4 .0 0 o . H u l l p l a t e ( o v e r 1 2 " ) a d d l c t o b o i le r p l a t e p r ic e s .

Plating M aterials

^ slah#^ar^ ’ t o s o t s , p e n c il s , p ig s , p l a t e s , > s tic k s a n d a l l o t h e r “ r e g u l a r ”

C h r o m ic A c id : 9 9 .7 5 % , f la k e , d e l . , c a r l o a d s 1 6 .2 5 c ; 5 t o n s a n d o v e r 1 6 .7 5 c ; 1 - 5 t o n s 1 7 .2 5 c ; 4 0 0 lb s . t o 1 t o n 1 7 .7 5 c ; u n d e r 4 0 0 lb s . 1 8 .2 5 c .

C o p p e r A n o d e s : B a s e 2 0 0 0 -5 0 0 0 l b s . , d e l . ; o v a l 1 7 .6 2 c ; u n t r i m m e d 1 8 .1 2 c ; e l e c t r o - d e p o s i t e d 1 7 .3 7 c .

C o p p e r C a r b o n a t e : 5 2 -5 4 % m e t a l l i c c u , 2 5 0 lb . b a r r e l s 2 0 .5 0 c .

C o p p e r C y a n id e : 7 0 -7 1 % c u , 1 0 0 - lb . k e g s o r b b ls . 3 4 .0 0 c f .o .b . N i a g a r a F a l l s .

S o d iu m C y a n id e : 9 6 % , 2 0 0 - lb . d r u m s 1 5 .0 0 c ;1 0 .0 0 0 -Ib . l o t s 1 3 .0 0 c f .o .b . N i a g a r a F a l l s .

N ic k e l A n o d e s : 5 0 0 -2 9 9 9 lb . l o t s ; c a s t a n d ro l le d c a r b o n i z e d 4 7 .0 0 c ; r o l le d , d e p o la r iz e d 4 8 .0 0 c .

N ic k e l C h lo r id e : 1 0 0 - lb . k e g s o r 2 7 5 - lb . b b l s . 1 8 .0 0 c l b . , d e l.

T i n A n o d e s : 1 0 0 0 lb s . a n d o v e r 5 8 .5 0 c , d e l . ; 5 0 0 -9 9 9 5 9 .0 0 c ; 2 0 0 -4 9 9 5 9 .5 0 c ; 1 0 0 -1 9 9 6 1 .0 0 c .

T i n C r y s t a l s : 4 0 0 lb . b b l s . 3 9 .0 0 c f .o .b . G r a s - s e l l i , N . J . ; 1 0 0 - lb . k e g s 3 9 .5 0 c .

S o d iu m S t a n n a t e : 1 0 0 o r 3 0 0 - lb . d r u m s 3 6 .5 0 c , d e l . ; t o n l o t s 3 3 .5 0 c .

Z in c C y a n id e : 1 0 0 - lb . k e g s o r b b l s . 3 3 .0 0 c f .o .b . N i a g a r a F a l l s .

B r a s s M ill A l lo w a n c e s : P r i c e s f o r l e s s t h a n1 5 ,0 0 0 lb s . f .o .b . s h ip p in g p o in t . A d d % c f o r1 5 .0 0 0 -4 0 ,0 0 0 l b s . ; l c f o r 4 0 ,0 0 0 lb s . o r m o re .

Scrap M etals

C le a n R o d C le a nH e a v y E n d s T u r n in g s

C o p p e r 1 0 .2 5 0 1 0 .2 5 0 9 .5 0 0T in n e d C o p p e r 9 .6 2 5 9 .6 2 5 9 -3 J5Y e l lo w B r a s s . 8 .6 2 5 8 .3 7 5 7 .8 7 6C o m m e r c ia l b r o n z e ___

9 0 % 9 .3 7 5 9 .1 2 5 8 .6 2 S9 5 % 9 .5 0 0 9 .2 5 0 8 .7 5 0

R e d B r a s s , 8 5 % .............. 9 .1 2 5 8 .8 7 5 8 .3 7 5R e d B r a s s , 8 0 % . . . . 9 .1 2 5 8 .8 7 5 8 .3 7 5M u n tz m e t a l 8 .0 0 0 7 .7 5 0 7 .2 5 0N ic k e l SU, 5 % 9 .2 5 0 9 .0 0 0 4 .6 2 5F h o s . b r . , A , B , 5 % . . 1 1 .0 0 0 1 0 .7 5 0 9 .7 5 0H e r c u lo y , E v e r d u r o r _ ___

e q u iv a l e n t 1 0 .2 5 0 1 0 .0 0 0 9 .2 5 0N a v a l b r a s s ................ 8 .2 5 0 8 .0 0 0 7 .5 0 0M a n g . b r o n z e ................. 8 .2 5 0 3 .0 0 0 7 .5 0 0

O t h e r t h a n B r a s s M ill S c r a p : P r i c e s a p p ly o n m a t e r i a l n o t m e e t in g b r a s s m i l l s p e c i f ic a t i o n s a n d a r e f .o .b . s h ip p i n g p o i n t ; a d d % c f o r s h ip m e n t o f 6 0 ,0 0 0 lb s . o f o n e g r o u p a n d ¡¿C f o r 2 0 ,0 0 0 lb s . o f s e c o n d g r o u p s h ip p e d i n s a m e c a r . T y p i c a l p r ic e s f o l l o w :

( G r o u p 1 ) N o . 1 h e a v y c o p p e r a n d w i r e , N o . 1 t in n e d c o p p e r , c o p p e r b o r in g s 9 .7 5 c ; N o . 2 c o p p e r w i r e a n d m ix e d h e a v y c o p p e r , c o p p e r tu y e r e s 8 .7 5 c .

( G r o u p 2 ) s o f t r e d b r a s s a n d b o r in g s , a lu m i ­n u m b r o n z e 9 .0 0 c ; c o p p e r - n lc k e l a n d b o r in g s 9 .2 5 c ; c a r b o x e s , c o c k s a n d f a u c e t s 7 .7 5 c ; b e ll m e t a l 1 5 .5 0 c ; b a b b i t - l i n e d b r a s s b u s h in g s 1 3 .0 0 c .

( G r o u p 3 ) z ln c y b r o n z e b o r in g s , A d m i r a l ty c o n d e n s e r t u b e s , b r a s s p ip e 7 .5 0 c ; M u n tz m e t a l c o n d e n s e r t u b e s 7 .0 0 c ; y e l lo w b r a s s 6 .2 5 c ; m a n g a n e s e b r o n z e ( l e a d 0 .0 0 % - 0 .4 0 % ) 7 .2 5 c , ( l e a d 0 .4 1 % - 1 .0 % ) 6 .2 5 c ; m a n g a n e s e b r o n z e b o r in g s ( l e a d 0 .0 0 -0 .4 0 % ) 6 .5 0 c , ( l e a d 0 .4 1 -1 .0 0 % ) 5 .5 0 c .

A l u m in u m S c r a p : P r i c e s f .o .b . p o i n t o f s h ip ­m e n t , t r u c k l o a d s o f 5 0 0 0 p o u n d s o r o v e r ; S e g ­r e g a t e d s o lid s , 2 S , 3 S , 5 c l b . . 1 1 , 1 4 , e t c . , 3 to 3 .5 0 c lb . A ll o t h e r h i g h - g r a d e a l l o y s 5c lb S e g r e g a t e d b o r in g s a n d t u r n i n g s , w r o u g h t a l lo y s , 2 , 2 .5 0 c lb . O t h e r h i g h - g r a d e a l lo y s 3 .5 0 , 4 .0 0 c lb . M ix e d p l a n t s c r a p , a l l s o l id s , 2 , 2 .5 0 c lb . b o r in g s a n d t u r n i n g s o n e c e n t l e s s t h a n s e g r e g a te d .

L e a d S c r a p : P r ic e s f .o .b . p o in t o f s h ip m e n t . F o r s o f t a n d h a r d l e a d , i n c l u d i n g c a b l e l e a d , d e d u c t 0 .5 5 c f r o m b a s i n g p o i n t p r ic e s f o r r e ­f in e d m e t a l .

Z in c S c r a p : N e w c l ip p in g s 7 .2 5 c , o ld z in c 5 .2 5 c f .o .b . p o in t o f s h ip m e n t ; a d d % - c e n t f o r 1 0 ,0 0 0 lb s . o r m o re . N e w d l e - c a s t s c r a p , r a d i a t o r g r i l le s 4 .9 5 c , a d d % c 2 0 ,0 0 0 o r m o r e . U n s w e a te d z in c d r o s s , d i e c a s t s l a b 5 .8 0 c a n y q u a n t i t y .

N ic k e l , M o n e l S c r a p : P r i c e s f .o .b . p o i n t o f s h ip m e n t ; a d d % c f o r 2 0 0 0 lb s . o r m o r e o f n i c k e l o r c u p r o - n f c k e l s h ip p e d a t o n e t i m e a n d2 0 ,0 0 0 lb s . o r m o r e o f M o n e l. C o n v e r te r s ( d e a l e r s ) a l l o w e d 2 c p r e m iu m .

N i c k e l : 9 8 % o r m o r e n i c k e l a n d n o t o v e r % % c o p p e r 2 6 .0 0 c ; 9 0 -9 8 % n tc k e l , 2 6 .0 0 c p e r l b . n i c k e l c o n ta in e d .

C u p r o - n lc k e l : 9 0 % o r m o r e c o m b in e d n i c k e l a n d c o p p e r 2 6 .0 0 c p e r lb . c o n ta i n e d n ic k e l , p lu s 8 .0O c p e r lb . c o n ta in e d c o p p e r ; l e s s t h a n 9 0 % c o m b in e d n i c k e l a n d c o p p e r 2 6 .0 0 c f o r c o n ta i n e d n i c k e l o n ly .

M o n e l: N o . 1 c a s t i n g s , t u r n i n g s 1 5 .0 0 c ; n e w c l ip p in g 2 0 .0 Q c : s o ld e r e d s h e e t 1 8 .0 0 c .

t Q U\P^ENT

P L A T I N G

C L E A N I N G

(electro-process)

Sheets, Strip . •S h e e t & S t r ip P r ic e s , P a g e 1S)2

Freezing of sheet and strip orders for third quarter has had little effect on the situation and mill schedules arc still loaded, with a heavy carryover from sec­ond quarter to be rolled before actual third quarter tonnage can be started. Most shipments in third quarter are ex­pected to be of rated orders, with little chance seen for any considerable tonnage available for civilian goods unless, priority assistance is given.

Pittsburgh — Since hot-rolled sheets and strip, heavier than 16 gage, can still he bonked for possible shipment this quarter there is an outside chance that unrated orders that come within this specification can be included in rolling

schedules during the period. However, over 95 per cent of flat-rolled steel ton­nage shipped this quarter is expected to be on rated orders, despite the fact that 40 to 50 per cent of current book­ings involve unrated tonnage for many household appliances. The 25 per cent reduction in consumers’ inventories is expected to force through some order cancellations, which factor, combined with the indicated increase in war contract cutbacks and cancellations, mav make it possible for WPB to ’ rescind its order freezing sheet and strip steel order books for this quar­ter. Under present set-up mills are re­quired to report to WPB Steel Division each week on the cancellations of all tonnage scheduled to be shipped in the third quarter.

E c o n o m i z e s o n Z in c

Produces Uniform Thickness

A t A ll Points

W hen you buy equipm ent for p lating, buy

w ith an eye on quick conversion to

peacetim e decorative plating w ith n ickel,

chrom e, copper, b rass, etc. M eaker equipm ent caw

be changed over to the peacetim e job in •

jiffy. Fact, m any of our custom ers right

n ow are getting n ew equipm ent to hustle that

w a r job, and bustle that peace job, too, a s

soon a s w e h a ve fin ished the A x is .

T h e N a t i o n ’s L e a d i n g P r a c t i c a l P l a t i n g E n g i n e e r s

The M E A K E R Co.

Carryover tonnage on sheet and stpp| represented from 10 days to over ■ month production on July 1. Lack (I storage facilities and unfavorable ataot-; phsric conditions in the Pacific theata; led sellers to anticipate a continual heavy demand for shell containers di­spite the sharp reduction in the animu-j nition program. Military requirement! for drum stock also remain high, wtl| one agency running into difficulty pac­ing 30,000 tons for third quarter del: - ery, while a steady increase in gate: ized sheet tonnage is also needed fa; Nissen huts. There is considerable m for additional flat-rolled finishing e pacity to meet the huge pent-up required ments for civilian goods which uiaj- present conditions must be superimpose« on war orders. However, no such exp» sion has been announced yet for this ffi-jtrict. .

While outlook for a general switch tj civilian goods production this quarte, is not encouraging, some companies as- making good headway. The Westing]»» Electric Corp. is already producing t* new models of all-steel cabinet elect« refrigerators for commercial use, the fcj since the beginning of the xvar. |

A new company, the Washington MR; Corp., Washington, Pa., expects to be: production on stainless steel sheets a® strip up to 37 inches wide, in gaKf ranging from 0.003 to 0.093, by Mar; of next year. Military demand for star­less steel products has been reduced sub­stantially, largely resulting from w backs in the aircraft program.

Boston—Orders under Z-3, small nut-j ufaeturers, and any for July openings«1 exempt from the freezing of third qrn ter rolling mill orders; openings er«~ in August or September by canceHatioej rescreening or other recent ” j tions directed toward avoiding ace-: shortage of sheets and strip for recff, version will be filled by OPA. Tonna|j involved in above exemptions is sniy On the surface, at least, prospects y; unrated orders before late fourth q’yj ter are not enhanced by recent roos Producer schedules are filled on naff .cold strip for October-November. ■open space that may be will not be available for unrated xo j for there is considerable war ton»;, still unplaced for third q u a r t e r , notab y

sheets. Backlogs m ust, be subject»J sharper cuts than appears likely, o j rant optimism as to unvalidated ' ■ , which has backed up heavily. 'j assistance is appearing for son» | grammed products, washing nuc - refrigerators and table flatware andFl sure is growing for similar tre j from other industries, automotive - | eluded. Effect of the freeze u> quarter orders is nominal as nuns | booked through that period. j

Cleveland — Sheet mills c«-!- labor under a heavy backlog,

I not relieved by cancellations, a ;| j the latter are expected to become y i | ier during the current quarter. * n I mg producer cannot promise be j earlv next vear. Orders contmu ^I filed and in the experience o ; on ^

1635 SOUTH 5 5 th A V E N U E , C H IC A G O

. o per cent are rated. >- . a,. ; -are not being entered and s’*- jJcumulate without being bor is short in the ‘finishing dep3™ O especially in cold finishing- v‘

j pers output. , w ¿¡-IBuffalo — Indications that hi I

livery schedules on sheet and strip for the war effort may be revised in favor nf civilian orders appeared this week as one of the top producers reported a moderate shipment of sheets to a Detroit auto manufacturer. Although future de­liveries depend upon relaxation of con­trols, the tightened supply situation seems to have eased slightly.

Cincinnati — Orders for unrated sheet tonnage continue to pile up at district mills although requirements of the war programs apparently are crowding out this business for last half and there is no evidence of easing. Cutbacks and cancellations have been comparatively minor, at times serving to decrease the overload. However, in many cases other rated orders were substituted. The in­crease in unrated orders may be inter­preted as a gesture in anticipation of sharper reductions in military programs.

St. Louis — Sheets are still under heavy pressure, and an increasing man­power shortage is delaying many ship­ments. Changeover of one mill from plates to sheets, requiring more finish­ing labor, lias seriously interfered with sheet shipments.

hew York — While scattered openings result from freezing of third-quarter schedules, reduction of inventory limits, rescreening of orders and other WPB moves aimed at relieving the jam in sheets and strip, notably the former, evidence is still lacking that substantial tonnage will be available for reconver- sion needs during that period without priorities assistance, further deep can­cellations at mill levels or drastic re- 'isions in backlog positions. There still remains important war tonnage to be placed for third quarter rolling, includ- mg large hot-rolled carbon drum stock tonnage for the army, requirements for "ear half-million drums. Not by any means will uncertain and limited open- m?s be available for unrated orders exclusively.

Wore the freeze, mills were unable hook orders for third quarter delivery

Ul lighter gages, No. 16 and up, prom- lses ranging well into fourth quarter Atf ush the balance of the year, -about the best under the warehouse load is October for hot-rolled carbon sheets, Oecember for hot-rolled pickled, and beyond with most producers for all oth- <,rs, also cold-finished. Unrated inquiry Wntinues brisk with duplication in or-

. apparently heavier in sheets, on 1,11 if and when basis, than in most prod- "cb- This is confined to the fabricating end largely.

Although extensions in deliveries are ess apparent in firm schedules, an ex- 1 v'°n is silicon sheets, in which a tight- smmg situation is developing with some >.* ■. This is due to a low production Jjee*'ve> sustained, or somewhat freer

given war ratings, and a strong civil- n demand for prospective reconver-

sih J or the latter, same holds to con- u f T e degree for enameling and stain- , ? e are now into first quar- ^ on silicon sheets. With some fabri- gran? priority assistance for pro-

“ 'P1™ Quotas, there is some pressure similar treatment by others.

situJ cag0 7 - Sheet,mills face a critical 1®“ fi)ni deliveries extended into cxcf-p 1 Quarter and current demand lives r. n® reasonable limits. WPB direc- under°ttfan^y set ^ack schedules, which

the present load outlook, give

siderably higher than will be needed for the Japanese war.

Fourth quarter allocations of CMP steel, Mr, Krug said, will be carefully adjusted to the real needs of war and urgent war essential activities to insure that increased production of civilian products will be speeded on an unrated basis. He pointed out that it is desir­able to make available the maximum amount of “free” steel from now 011, to place all civilian production on an equal basis.

The WPB chief emphasized that re­conversion products can only be manu­factured from the materials released by munitions cutbacks. These cutbacks

WEBB plate bending rolls are modern, compact, high pro­duction machines. M ade in a complete range of sizes and capacities, these rolls are being used on high quantity pro­duction rolling in all types of metal shops throughout the United States. These rolls are m ade in both pyramid and pinch types.

FOR FULL INFORMATION SEND FOR CATALOG NO. 54 PROMPT DELIVERY ON STANDARD SIZES

slight prospect for sheetmakers to par­ticipate in new business soon. One mill a few days ago received a substantial directive for galvanized sheets. Included in orders which consumers wish to place is much unrated tonnage, and the lat­ter business must either be refused or taken on a basis of scheduling when conditions permit.

Sheet-Strip Supply May Be Reconversion Bottleneck

( Concluded from Page 87)the urgent requirements of such indus­tries during the two-front war were con-

and releases of material will be gradual. While many things are tight right now as we enter the third quarter, most of them will become freer month by month. How­ever, some materials, such as textiles, lumber and tin, will continue tight for some time to come.

Steel Bars . . .B a r P r ic e s , P a g e 1 9 2

Bar producers have not yet received any considerable tonnage of cancellations resulting from ammunition cutbacks but expect much larger reductions later in third quarter. Most barmakers now are booked into November and December,

depending on bar sizes and the situation of the individual mill. Little effect from cancellations is expected for third quar­ter, most of the reduction likely to be effective in fourth quarter. Unrated tonnage is not being scheduled, although it is possible some may be given place in late third quarter rollings.

Pittsburgh — Producers here expect to be most affected by the 50 per cent re­duction in the artillery shell program and the more recent 20 per cent reduc­tion in medium artillery ammunition com­ponents, for this area received by far the largest portion of orders for these pro­grams. Sellers have not been able to determine the full effect of these cut­backs, for contractors have been slow

in cancelling mill orders. However, ; most of the tonnage expected to be can­celed is likely to affect orders now j scheduled for fourth quarter delivery. Cold drawers may feel effect of the am- j munition cutbacks early this quarter, j however most are booked into November f and have nothing to offer before Decem- ber and January on large sizes. Cut- j backs in the aircraft and combat tank j program have opened gaps in rolling j schedules for hot-rolled and cold-drawn j alloy bars for late August and Septem- ; ber delivery. There is some possibility I that small diameter carbon bars and cold- finished items may be available on an | unrated tonnage basis this quarter.

Cleveland — Bar producers are busy f with heavy schedules, deliveries depend- I ing on the individual mill and size of \ bars. Most relief has been the result of shell cancellations, but these mainly j affected more remote deliveries, not re- ducing demand for nearby delivery. Lead- ing producers in this area can promise \ delivery for December as an average, but j in some larger diameters are able to lit in some tonnage in October and Novem- ber. Most current orders are for rated ; tonnages. Unrated orders are not being ; scheduled, simply accumulating until gaps { appear into which they can be fitted. Larger cancellations are expected to be j met later in the quarter, which may have i greater effect on backlogs for nearer i delivery.

St. Louis — Pressure for merchant '• bars is considerable. Cancellations arc few and are welcomed by most bar \ producers. The manpower shortage con­tinues as a serious factor. Reinforcing bars, like all construction materials, are ; in light demand here.

New York— Hot-rolled alloy bars, elec­tric furnace and open-hearth grades, are j available for August delivery, but with ; potential automotive volume overhang- ; ing on a delivery basis, schedules mav become more extended. Cold-drawn at- ; loy and heat-treated stock is generally ; in October and November. Carbon bar deliveries are also in fourth quarter, > some sizes in September. Cancella- ; tions in hot carbon bars have affected rail mills more than bar units in some cases. Cold-drawn cancellations are still j unimpressive; demand for rockets !! j heavy. Also bar cancellations have been ; greatest in shell steel, which has eased ; the semifinished situation, but not bar mills to the same degree. Warehouse orders for bars have not slackened much- ;

Philadelphia — Cancellations have no! yet cut deeply enough into backlogs Q1 rated tonnage to warrant optimism -as ; to third quarter supply of hot or cold- rolled .carbon bars in any range of sizes, j Hot-rolled alloy bars will be avauab e j with some producers unless unforeseen validated orders appear in heavier vO , ume. Cutbacks in bars in aggmg-1 J h a v e been substantial but for most pa | have, not affected nearby schedu . ■ Chain fabricators are among tp° |e } ing fewer bars. Cancellations or, co j drawn are still relatively light, " . among heavier products demand j rockets is maintained and in some ^ j stances increasing. Shipbuilding 1 quirements sag, as well as numerous ^ : ricated products for war, but an me in car building and more types 0 j dustrial equipment, including ■ ^ i pulp mill and miscellaneous, mo. which is unrated.

i c u l /DEW P O IN T D E P R E S S IO N

C c c n c m c a i ' ^ K E M P f e l f H a p t i c D R Y E R SKemp DYNAMIC Dryers depress dew points at surprisingly low cost'— compressed air or gases may be DRIED to very low absolute humidities (sub-zero dew points) for as little as V* of a cent per thousand cubic feet (Mcf) DRIED.Compressed a ir for your plant probably costs you 6c to 10c per Mcf. W hy not spend a fraction of q qent more and get full value from it? DRIED compressed air eliminates corrosion and rusting . . . prevents clogged orifices . . . does aw ay wlthufrozen air lines . . . avoids wastage from “ blowing out water . . . permits accurate instrumentation and continuity of processing . . . saves man power by reducing mainte­nance costs and trouble-shooting . . .Reduce operating costs and increase over-all plant efficiency with e ff ic ie n t Kemp DYNAMIC Dryers.

A SK FO R BU LLET IN — J2 5 D - CO THER K EM P PRO D U C TS

Nitrogen Generators ■ Inert Gas Producers Atmos-Gas Producers ■ Immersion Heaters Flame Arrestors for vapor lines, flares, etc.

^Address The C. M . K em p '»*'*'<> ' Carburetor for premixing gases(M fg . Co . 4 0 5 E. O liv e r S t., ~ Submerged Combustion BurnersB a lt im o re 2 , M a ry la n d A complete line of Industrial Burners, and Fire Checks.

rs m m m m

Steel Pla tes . . .P la te P r ic e s , P a g e 1 9 3

Plate demand continues relatively ight, though requirements for freight ar construction partially offset the bp, in shipbuilding. Deliveries can be iromised for September, with unrated uders accepted for that month. Ship epair is taking a large portion of pres­et production in some areas.Philadelphia — Despite several large

plate awards and inquiries, demand is ight, with deliveries promised for Sep- ember. Unrated orders are accepted or that month. Awards of large orders or railroad cars, including hoppers, for instruction during fourth and first quar­ts indicate substantial improvement in buying, partially offsetting decline in shipyard needs, including Navy work, biavy yards are drawing on inventories. Newport News, Va., yard has been awarded a contract for three refrigerator ships for United Fruit Co., requiring about 12,000 tons of hull steel, which "ill be distributed soon, deliveries to start in fourth quarter.

New York — Plate deliveries generally fall in September and unrated orders for sheared are being taken for that month. Despite heavy decline in shipbuilding requirements, miscellaneous buying is substantial and greater than a month ago, although the aggregate volume is tar below peak. For car building a sub­stantial spurt in buying is developing •or fourth quarter. Floor plates can be scheduled for late August with demand improving slightly, although trailing first half in the last two years. Jobbers’ in- 'entories have been brought close to normal in most instances. Demand for Pontoons in the East has dropped, but 11 leading fabricator in the East has "ork schedule« through the balance ra tlie year at reduced pace.

St. Louis — Plate demand in this area remains easy, with production from 12 to lo per cent of total flat-rolled ship­ments. AU is earmarked for ship repair sm« completion of the Maritime Com­mission’s construction program.

Chicago — Plate load continues to «hue moderately for producers not car- - mg heavy commitments on bomb steel. ?luip;n)ents for shipbuilding use taper

th- \, .^ence this is the fact that e Maritime Commission is understood

0 have completed its steel buying pro-Sj ® apd has closed its expediting of-

jw their own steel purchases. Plate de- ,„7,es. stand in late third quarter and tarly fourth.

Tubular Goods . . .Tubular G o o d s P r ic e s , P a g e 1 9 3

smaller sizes for September.

, Pittsburgh.

W ire P r ic e s , P a g e 1 9 3

■ b in d e r of thisMills are booked through

items. Demand for merchant products continues heavy; requirements for ce­ment-coated nails are particularly acute. With production of fence freed from CMP directives a slight increase in out­put is indicated this quarter. Little change in barbed wire and mesh is ex­pected, while bale ties are likely to re­main on directive basis through August. Some open capacity may develop late this quarter on line wire under 0.020 gage, resulting from over 50 per cent cutback in Signal Corps communication wire program. I-Iowever, steel may be re­quired for other wire drawing operations. Spring wire supply remains inadequate, with the bed spring industry one exam­ple of an industry unable to get sched­uled deliveries on allocated basis. Pend­

ing export tonnage for rods includes 11,- 000 tons for France for third quarter, and there is little likelihood that deliv­ery can be made unless a directive is issued.

New York — Common bright wire for third quarter delivery will be possible with some mills, result of easing in rated volume affecting drawing capacity and rods. Cutbacks in signal corps wire may also permit some shipments during the period in those size ranges. Brush wire inquiry, somewhat heavier, will also be filled in third quarter by some producers. While demand for spring wire in other directions has slackened, pressure for spring material by bedding and furni­ture manufacturers is strong. On the whole, however, aggregate overall wire

M a ^le fratrare, contractors given t.31?! 6 Commission work will arrange

Pite DC a — Demand for merchant tiikiu cts replacement buying by dis- vemk°tS'i ®utt‘'veld is booked for No- 0 * £ IrtP-'veld 10-inch and over for

: are slightly beyond this av- poshv 'l:jes snow more interest in rtpanv re(lu'rernents, with considerable Wds'°n ^ 'stribution systems on the

year on most wire

S a v e S t o r a Shipping Space — and Increase Market Value

with an /ta te n cce iM IR itty -

TURNINGS CRUSHERTurnings, borings and chips pile up large heaps of metal refuse that rob you of space and value. By reducing them to chips with American Ring Turning Crush-

they store compactly in fa r less space — and the chips bring higher prices too.

Bulky turnings of low or high carbon steel, steel, aluminum or brass are rapidly economically reduced to chips by

American Ring Turning Crushers.Am erican Crushers, exclu s ive ly , em­p loy the patented Rolling Ring princi­ple of free sw ing ing , hard m anga­nese steel shredder rings revolving at terrific centrifugal force fo r posi­tive uniform splitting action.

TRO U BLE-FREE, FOOL-PROOF — solid steel objects autom atically discarded —no shear pins or conventional safety devices to bother w ith .

There is a size of Am erican Crusher ava ila b le in the particu lar size and power source suited to your p lant.

W rite fo r descriptive literature which gives details and specifications.

P A T E N T E D M A N G A N E S Er * r r ^ r ~

S TEEL S H R E D D E R [R IN G S

M áÁic o n kAArvr\ ikin A\/C1539 MACKLIND AVE. ST. LOUIS 10, MO.

Til hr '

loniiage available this quarter against unrated' orders is not large. Openings in rod eaoacity are sought for 40,000 tons French lend-Iease. While some mills have bright drawn wire for late third quarter, other mills are in Novem­ber.

. Boston — Prospects for filling unrated orders for third quarter in any volume are not bright. While in spots some open­ings are possible, few definite promises are made. There is slight easing in rope wire, with moderate reductions in con­tinuing directives. In the aggregate can­cellations have not been centered in suf­ficient volume in any range of sizes or grades to affect substantal nearby ton­nage. Also volume of rated orders holds about equal to shipments in most fine

wire specialties. Galvanizing, patenting and heat-treating departments are still heavily crowded. Pressure holds for un­rated automotive orders, including valve spring wire. Electrical wire and cable volume has slackened and there is some price shading on these. Hot metal de­partments are back to normal in one case where four open hearths were down for repairs earlier this month. Open hearth and finishing operations are both handi­capped by labor shortages. Some read­justments in semifinished operations to meet most important finished tonnage orders are under way.

e a â iï

C A N N O T B E C A L L E D A

S U B S T IT U T E

"BEARITE" is no substitute. This lead base bearing metal, containing less than iy2% of tin has proven to be the equal of high tin base bab­bitt metal and for more than 20 years has been extensively used for bear­ing purposes. W hen curtailment of tin w as caused by the developments of worldwide conflict w e were for­tunately able to supply this practi­cal material in place of high tin con­tent metal. If you have bearing problems and are unfamiliar with this excellent and proven product write for further information.

RetlSi Cars . . .T r a c k M a te r ia l P r ic e s , P a s e 1 9 3

New York — Domestic freight car

awards in June involved 670 cars, aecori ¡ng to tentative estimates, bringing JŁ total for the first six months up to 14,766.■ compared with 28,391 cars in the civ responding period in 1944. The prind- pal award included 500 box cars for w. Spokane, Portland & Seattle.

Julv has started well with 1400 unw placed by the Erie. Pending are IMS cars for the Baltimore & Ohio, 1000 inthe Bessemer & Lake Erie, 1200 rathe Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, nfor Delaware, Lackawanna & West«2000 for the Louisville & Nashville. 1000 for the Southern railway and othn smaller lots.

Structural Shapes .S t r u c t u r a l S h a p e P r ic e s , P aste 193

New York — Structural mills hat moved into October on most sizes as November on some. Likelihood ot L ing unrated orders for third quarter de­livery is small. Rolling schedules » been eased less than expected by slw steel cutbacks. Awards arc light in 1® area, but tentative and forward inquro are heavier. Bridge tonnage is lcd j? 400 tons, replacement section, Brig» tine channel, Absecon, N. J., bids » Most fabricating shops are now seek», tonnage, including those tied up » special war equipment for a long peri®

Boston — Preferential ratings grijP for industrial reconversion in New Mi; land are thus far largely for equip»«; rather than construction. As of Juh ■ there were 15 applications in Massa* setts, valued at $750,000. Of this, £mestic mechanical refrigerators tota $143,000; stoves and ranges, $27o,W and commercial refrigeration equi ment $154,000. In Connecticut there » 52 approved applications, 81,949,000, * which $400,000 are for textile null pn* nets.

Philadelphia — Inquiry for structur- steel is lower but awards are sag®, heavier. The largest project reqi* 2300 toils for Navy storehouses at J ehanicsburg, Pa. Plain material e cries are in October, with few excep1j. Shape mills are slow to reflect cut«' 1

Chicago — Requirements for t,a; tural shapes are in heavy volume, for building construction and nvuiiiii- building. Government- has appro'«41 limited number of postwar plant * essential building projects and .tor « purposes early delivery can he as ■ only by directive. Within the pas ‘ days several construction jobs biu f have been awarded to fabricators, third quarter appears to be the nw L dates for inserting new plain sltap- nage into mill schedules.

Reinforcing Bars . . .R e in f o r c in g B a r P r ic e s , P aß «

New York — Although state higM bids have been resumed by New F -and Connecticut, initial inquiriesand uonnecueuu, î i m i a i “ " r -------- ,small lots. Awards are few and fare under 100 tons. Several hospital additions in the East ar e*. 1 also 500 tons for. a municipal hosp Hartford, Conn. A factory biula« Brooklyn takes 307 tons.

Pittsburgh — Little increase in.rflir

forcing steel production is expee*--- ^ the next few months despite

ledig

mtne next rew munuib u«*» - , ,, ireinforcing bars have been » -from under CMP directive c o n t r « .

R 1 T T S B U R G H . P A .CHICAGO:MANIIATTÄN BLDG. PHILADELPHIA: I8W.CHELTEN ST. NEW YQHK: 270 BROADWAY_

merchant bar production is still governed by directives and carbon bar delivery schedules are well extended, there is little likelihood any production of rein­forcing bars for unrated orders will oc- •ur before the closing months this year. Sellers state backlogs of validated rein- forcing bar orders represents 4Vz months wtput at the June production rate.

Reinforcing bar producers east of the Rocky Mountains booked 67,000 tons during June, a considerable portion of which is destined for shipment abroad uoder lend-lease. Latest available fig- ures on a nation-wide basis show ship­ment of reinforcing bars for the first four months this vear totaled 224,000 net tons, against 192,000 tons in like 1944 period. Sellers state that spread in shipments between the two years widened during May and June and there are indications nl still further gain through the remain­der of this year. About I I per cent of the total shipments through April this year represented rerolled rails. Peak in reinforcing bar shipments in recent years occurred in 1941, when-, a total of 1,835,- 000 tons was reached.

Chicago — Activity in reinforcing steel has been light, awards in excess of 100 tons being almost negligible and inquiry scarce. In all probability con­siderable tonnage will be required i'.i most of the large new industrial plants for which structural steel has recently been placed nr is now pending.

Pig iron . . .Pig I ro n P r ic e s , P a g e 1 0 5

Entire production of pig iron is being absorbed by melters and shortages ap­pear occasionally, although supply in general is sufficient. Foundries which shut down the first week in July did not suspend deliveries, using the iron to re­build inventory closer to the allowable 30-day limit. Foundry' backlogs are mainly for war purposes, with little,like­lihood of civilian castings being made to any extent.

Pittsburgh — Pig iron demand this month is expected to absorb all of cur­rent near capacity' output, with the re­sult that blast furnace interests and con­sumers will continue to operate on a restricted inventory basis. Iron produc- lio« continues limited by manpower shortage and to a greater extent by low coking coal supply' and strikes at by­product coke plants. Foundry opera­tions here have been little affected by outbacks in war contracts and most re­port heavy' backlogs of rated orders and consequently there is little likelihood that much tonnage of castings for civilian guids will be shipped this quarter. Allo­dium of iron into the Chicago district, Pms the facj. ^ a t blast furnace inter-

here have had to turn down over -*,000 tons of iron for export, are in- aicative of the general tight simply sit-

: in pig iron.J ^ l o -— An increasing am ount of ¡''Wartime-civilian work is seeping into

undry operations, bu t by far most busi- t)? ls bed w ith the w ar effort in , area. Vacation periods in foun- PrnR e ^ bttlc effect on shipments.

ucers report moving w hat little iron weeF Utu n tile 8rounb during vacation nil ,; , Heavier tonnage is moving to cumin™ castillSs> which is rapidly be- Locar <iile chief consuming lines.

se ers appear a h it confused over

reports elsewhere that a sharp increase has been shown in movement of iron from here into the New England territory.

Cincinnati — Foundries have resumed pre-holiday levels, all working against substantial backlogs and aware that other potential business is available were melt­ers able to handle it. Specifications for July pig iron were infrequently curtailed, despite the shutdown for one week, as most of tlu: foundries sought to build inventories closer to the 30-dav maxi­mum. A survey of contracts for the entire quarter disclosed anticipated needs holding close to those of first or second quarter.

New York — Contributing to tightness

in basic and bessemer grades are tempor­ary shortages in continuous pouring dis­tricts from time to time which are filled from other areas. To meet sustained demand for foundry iron furnace sched­ules for basic are also under strain. Melt requirements are met from current pro­duction schedules and there are no fur­nace stocks. Primarily due to labor shortages, producers of civilian products taking castings on which restrictions are being lifted, seek additional subcon­tractors to expedite reconversion output. Delivery of iron via the barge canal is well below normal because of lack of boats and there is no iron at Beacon.

Boston — With textile machinery an

with a

F L E X I B L E S H A F T

G R I N D E RG r in d in g , S a n d in g , W ire B r u sh in g , P o lis h in g a n d B u ff­in g c a n b e h a n d le d fa s te r , easier , a n d c h e a p e r w it h a M A L L P o r ta b le , F le x ib le S h a f t G r in d er . T h e liglvL- w e ig h t in te r c h a n g e a b le a t t a c h m e n t s for e a c h o f th e se o p e r a t io n s— le s se n fa t ig u e , c u t “ d o w n - t im e ” , a n d sp eed u p th e jo b .P o r ta b le pow er u n it ro lls r ig h t u p to th e w o rk , sa v in g s te p s a n d m a te r ia ls h a n d lin g . T h e c o n s t a n t h ig h w h e e l sp eed c o m b in e s w ith b a ll-b e a r in g m o u n te d s tr a ig h t a n d a n g le sp in d le s to a ssu r e sm o o th e r w h ee l a c t io n , e a s ier o p e r a tio n a n d in c r e a se d p r o d u c t io n . O p era tes from a n y r eg u la r e le c tr ic a l o u t le t . R u g g e d ly c o n s tr u c te d . A s iz e a n d m o d e l fo r every f in is h in g jo b .

A s k y o u r S u p p l i e r o r w r i t e f o r l i t e r a t u r e .

M A LL TO O L COMPANY, 7774 South Chicago Ave., Chicago 19, 111.

P O R T A B L E P O W E R T O O L S

• ——

P o i n t t h e W a y

t o R e l i e v i n g Y o u r

T r o u b l e s o n

SPECIAL WASHERSA N D

SMALL STAMPINGS• Twenty-five years o f spe­cia lizing in th e production o f Special W ashers and Sm all Stam pings m ake it easy for us to solve y o u r problem s in this field. More than 10 ,0 0 0 sets o f to o ls a re re a d y to p ro d u ce th e ■washers and stam pings you desire. O u r ex p er t T o o l a n d D ie D e ­p a rtm en t is a lso rea d y to h elp —if n one o f the present se ts o f to o ls can g ive yo u what you want.

Special W ash ers and Sm all Stam pings are available from steel, brass, copper and other m etals. Just send your b lu e­prints or specifications to us.

A lso a f u l l lin e o f S ta n d a rd W ashers in kegs o r cartons. U. S. S. Washers • S. A. E. Washers Riveting Burrs • Square Washers Expansion Plugs • Aircraft Washers

Machinery Bushings • Discs light Steel Washers • Copper Washers Brass Washers • Aluminum Washers

Stainless Steel Washers • Etc.

outstanding barometer, pig iron require­ments when reconversion to civilian prod­ucts gets into stride, should be sub­stantially heavier. To bring production up to demand, textile mill equipment must be doubled annually from $40 mil­lion to $80 million; backlogs for repair parts approximate five months production and ratings for most textile machinery are being upgraded to AA-1 from AA-3. Currently production by the industry is less than 50 per cent of 1941 level; by 1946 WPB hopes to have it a t 100 per cent of 1941 with gray iron castings the bottleneck in this aim. 1 Paper mill equip­ment and other heavier civilian needs, plus a continued strong war demand, indicate sustained pig iron melts with concern as to supply late this year and early next. Buffalo district is filling most requirements. Depleted inventory is gradually restricting ability of the Everett furnace to fill needs even within Boston trucking area. Resumption of blast by Mystic furnace is still uncertain. For the next few months prospects are supply .will be ample on 30-day inven­tory basis, but a pinch next winter is a distinct possibility unless conditions change. Larger tonnage from integrated steel works before fall is foreseen by some, but one producer in Pittsburgh district has withdrawn from open mar­ket entirely. Furnace stocks are non­existent and before steelworks iron can ease the supply situation, ingot produc­tion will have to fall substantially be­low current rates and steelmaking scrap become freer.

Philadelphia — Suppliers of basic pig iron are making progress in catching up on schedules and while current require­ments are met there is no margin be­yond demand. No increase in the small volume to the merchant trade available from steelworks furnaces is indicated in the near future, with idle units down for repairs or other reasons a factor in the narrow supply situation. Indications1 are that foundry melt will increase slight­ly later this quarter as labor supply improves, as numerous shops move toward heavier production of castings, for civilian goods on which restrictons are being relaxed. Silvery grades are tightening with increased automotive de­mand ahead. Producers are unable to take on additional silvery tonnage in most cases, while demand for that grade to carry’ heavier scrap charges in some shops cuts into the malleable ratio. Gray iron foundries are taking in more iron, preparatory to increased operations. Sweden wants 60,000 tons of bessemer and that tonnage is not in sight.

Scrap . . .Scrap P rice s , Page 196

Scrap is becoming increasingly tight as material from industrial sources is reduced by military cutbacks while de­mand for steel continues strong. The pinch has become so tight that WPB has allowed some steelmakers to buy electric furnace grades for use in open hearths, thus reducing the supply of the higher grades to electric furnace operators. Bor­ings and turnings continue to advance and are now close to ceilings in some areas. Practically all steelmakers are in the market for material.

Pittsburgh — Small allocations of scrap are coming into this district with most going to other mid-western steel

centers, notably Chicago. With active? demand and ceiling prices now generally prevailing in the East, the flow of scrap from that center into this area has de­clined considerably. Mills generally are actively in the market for all scrap grades, although in a few instances producers | have refused all tonnage offered. Quali-1 ty of heavy melting steel moving into this district has been satisfactory (or some months, with only an occasional rejection reported. Despite active buying in recent weeks, inventories at steel. plants and foundries remain relatively low. Indicative of the general strength, in scrap market, prices on turnings are approaching ceiling, with some minor' sales of short shoveling turnings report­ed at ceiling.

Cleveland — Great activity prevails in the steel and iron scrap market, regard­ed by some as the tightest situation of the war years. Production has been , reduced by cutbacks in war material! but blast furnaces and open hearths continue to produce at a high rate, thus causing a pinch. Permission lias been given by War Production Board for some open-hearth consumers to buy elec­tric furnace grades for use in their melt, thus curtailing supply for electric fur­naces. All consumers are in the mar­ket and are pressing for tonnage. Gen­eral shortage exists in all good carl»: steel grades. Borings and turnings range higher, though still below ceilings. Fur­ther advance in these grades is expected-

Buffalo — Prices on steelmaking scrap bounded back to ceiling levels, plus fees,, on sales of approximately 18,000 tons Activity was brisk as approximately 10,- 000 tons were sold earlier in the week; at ceiling, less commission. This make! better than 50,000 tons sold by dealers in about a month. Strong ten­dencies env eloped the entire market S; turnings crept closer to ceiling with M-j vanees of 50 cents a ton on latest busi­ness. Dealers report recent sales maw up mainly of No. 1 and No. 2 heavy melting and hydraulic bundles, riugf peacetime order backlogs are rumor . as back of the considerably improve« buying interest. Dealers also report * better movement- of material into J®® Another barge shipment of approxim«1 ly 1500 tons has arrived. An adm|»®| 3000 tons is reported en route. A ton boatload is expected from an upp« lakes point. .

St. Louis — Scrap shipments to Louis remain low’, most supplies best; allocated to Chicago. Most large me, ers arę still out of the market. La , supply is reported improving in m areas. The Chicago demand, plus a creasing supply here, due to plant backs, has raised the price of m ac'1 turnings to $9.50 and shoveling to ?tl.

Boston — Demand for heavier gn> * of steelmaking scrap is active, no a . from district and Eastern Benbsyh^ mills, which offsets some slacken10», Pittsburgh area volume. Machine | and shoveling turnings are firmer, re ed in a bid of $7 per gross ton fo L | cumulation of the former, W ate arsenal, by J. Borovvsky & Sons, . burg, Mass. Steelworks are frequ_ m high on attractive lots in open - Bethlehem Steel Co. bid $10.81 f-°- 800 tons of unprepared gun tubes,jn$j. tertovvn. Highest dealer bid was S> • Low phos plate clippings to tou bring full differentials, but for

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Willson Safety Spectacles

F or h e lp o n y o u r e y e - p r o te c - t io n p r o b le m s , s e e y o u r W il ls o n D is tr ib u to r o r w r i te to D e p t. S T -1 1 .

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GOGGLES • RESPIRATORS • OAS MASKS • HEIMETS

WILLSONP R O D U C T S I N C O R P O R A T E DR E A D IN G , P A ., U .S .A . f.fobf.'ifc.J 1870

Also makers of world famous Willsonite sunglasses

burgh the price is slightly below inland ceiling and $1.22 under port differen­tial. Little is going at that price. Al­lhough some foundries are slowly im­proving stocks of cast, in general those grades are scarce. Chemical borings, at ceiling and port differentials, are also in good demand and output is readily absorbed.

Cincinnati — Activity in iron and sleel scrap is restricted by lack of ton­nage buying, as mills continue their con­servative attitude, and by shortage of manpower at yards. Demand for rails' and good cast persists and the market generally is strong at ceiling. Firming in prices on turnings and borings in nearby districts has been reflected in this district, from which some tonnage may be drained because of the wider price gap. Specialties are slow, some dealers and brokers refusing to pay more than heavy melting steel price in the lack of a ready market at the premiums.

Los Angeles — Dealers are turning more to salvaging reusable material in surplus material purchases, since the gen­eral market offers no inducement for large-scale scrap treatment. Mill buying is slow and WPB continues to allocate shipments to the East.

Philadelphia—Offerings of unprepared scrap are coming out in heavier volume at better prices, with steel mills high on bids in open sales, including 1500 tons at the Norfolk Navy Yard. Demand lor heavy melting is strong at ceilings, with the exception of turnings. A firmer tone for the latter continues, approaching ceiling. Production of lighter grades of industrial steel scrap is slackening slightly. Cast scrap, notably No. 1, con­tinues scarce. Yard preparation con-

2?? hampered by shortage of labor. Chicago — Scrap continues active here

with primary open-hearth grades moving promptly and at ceiling prices. Demand exceeds supply and allocations continue in considerable volume. Confusion still exists in turnings and borings, with iroker-dealer trading to cover on old or-

,? exerting substantial influence on Puces. Machine shop turnings have moved_up to a $13.25-$13.75 range, the «ter being ceiling, but so far as known mills have not paid ceiling plus com- 11SS1i0n' 1' ' cw strength seems likely to evefop jn blast furnace grades because

0 the heavy demand for pig iron and a deteriorating blast furnace situation "inch reduces supply of hot metal.

'N'e" York — Heavy melting steel is ■ ceiling, with springboard prices paid

several districts, including Pittsburgh, e Valley and eastern Pennsylvania and urge scrap north of Albany. Demand s active with supply of strictly No. 1 muted. Demand from eastern Pennsyl- ' ama limits shipments on longer freight ravel. Machine shop and mixed bor- . -S and turnings-have, advanced further I ■ -00 to $9, dealer buying price, with ,,ptjan improved. Cast and foundry tight rema’n ceiling with supply

W arehouse. . .W a re h o u s e P r ic e s , P a g e 1 9 4

New York — Warehouses generally prpjaccePting unrated orders for steel s ucts °n which they are reasonably sam iep .acements can be made on the hott m ? mills. These include plates,

°Hed alloy bars, in scattered in­

K - 16.

stances, some sizes of hot and cold-fin­ished carbon bars, tool steel and miscel­laneous products on which deliveries are less extended under warehouse load schedules. This policy eliminates any substantial flat-rolled tonnage, notably sheets, except in heavier gages. Demand for steel from warehouse continues brisk, including some car-lot orders, reflecting tightness in mill schedules on some prod­ucts. Canceled allotments with Z -l and Z-2 symbols with jobbers involve limit­ed tonnage, also ZW orders, now classi­fied as unrated. A bright spot is im­proved freight deliveries from Pittsburgh and midwest points, reduced to around 10 days frequently. In Manhattan there is also a slight improvement in ware­house labor.

Pittsburgh — Despite a slight decline in shipments from warehouse stocks, re­ceipts from mills have failed to match outgoing tonnage in recent weeks. One large distributor reports total inventory decline during June of nearly 1000 tons. Prospect of obtaining steel from ware­house on an unrated basis does not look too promising at the moment. This is due to the declining trend in inventories, plus inability of distributors to replace unrated orders on a rated basis after July 1, and the fact that WPB has al­ready issued allotments for third quar­ter sufficient to absorb most of the steel produced, It appears likely that dis­tributors will have to restrict their un­rated deliveries on each product to an equivalent tonnage received from mills on an unrated basis. Warehouse stocks of hot-rolled sheets, galvanized sheets, carbon flats and rounds are in particularly short supply, in contrast to the substan­tially better inventory position in cold- finished items and alloy bars.

Considerable inquiry is reported from areas not normally served by local dis- 'tributors, indicating much shopping around by contractors who have failed to obtain needed items from normal (suppliers.

Cincinnati — Most local steel jobbers are not filling unrated orders, other de­mand showing no decrease. Replacement tonnage from mills is fairly heavy, but not in balance with demand. Jobbers are unable to meet calls for sheets and small rounds. Coal mining needs arp slightly above normal, but there has been no considerable upturn in building operations;,-'for this district.

Cleveland — Warehouse trade shows little change, with steady demand, es­pecially for flat-rolled material. Stocks are smaller than a month ago, with -mill shipments showing little change, meet­ing schedules only fairly. Labor (¿ 'a problem and deliveries are slowed by inefficient workers, especially for cutting and shearing.

Los Angeles — Warehouses report no lessening of demand, with inventories still low as mill shipments lag. While orders are being accepted for undated delivery of galvanized sheets, on which mill orders have been cut by WPB reg­ulations, die situation does not warrant expansion of ffiis practice. Demand is expected to continue high until the end of the Japanese war.

St. Louis — The warehouse situation shows no change over the past three months. Demand is good but inquiries are decreasing. Stocks are low and cannot be replenished beyond current needs. Demand covers all commodities,

notably in sheets and tubular goods. Sheets arc not being promised before first or second quarter next year.

Philadelphia — Volume of buying has slackened slightly. Orders are about as numerous but tend to be smaller indi­vidually. Replacements show little im­provement, notably in lighter flat-rolled products, and distributors are inclined to accept unrated orders only for products on which they are reasonably sure re­placements can be made on an unrated basis. Plates and tool steel orders arc in this category. As mill deliveries im­prove the ratio of unrated volume taken by warehouses will increase.

Chicago — Warehouses arc faced with a difficult situation as customers press more heavily for unrated steel and any ■material sold on this basis cannot be replaced in view of the tight position of mills. Thus, distributors must exert care that validated steel only is sold, to insure that stock replacements can he made. Inventories are sagging and out of balance, and prospects ¡ire they will continue so. Demand for struc­turais is heavy, and that for sheets is tremendous. Mills are under constant pressure from warehouses for sheets ol all types.

Nonferrous M eta ls . . .N o n f c r ro u s P r ic e s , P a g e 1 9 7

New York — Smallest since Julv, 1940, deliveries of refined copper to domestic consumers in June totaled 94,031 tons, compared with 139,203 tons in May. The decline was larger than had been estimated. Stocks starting this month

were 70,738 tons, against 63,841 tons at the end of May.

Zinc shipments were also off last month to 54,478 tons from 66,972 tons in May. Peak for the war period in March, this year, was 94,494 tons. Con­sumers of zinc are reducing inventories in line with the changing supply and demand situation and not all the June decline is accounted for by. cutbacks. Stocks are likely to increase over the next few weeks or until demand for civilian products improves materially.

Lead purchases for August delivery indicate consumption of primary metal during the next few months of about60.000 tons per month. Stockpile is in­creasing as available supplies are suf­ficient to meet demand and will approach85.000 tons by the end of July.

Tin heads the list us to shortage of materials in reconversion of the automo­bile industry. This shortage will become more pronounced as quotas are increased early next year and WPB is urging sub­stitutes. Cadmium is second in the auto­motive short supply list and use of zinc is suggested, and also substitution 01 zinc plating for chromic acid. Antimony, substituted for Lin in many applications, is third on the list, presenting many of the new engineering problems of the tin shortage.

Stainless Steel EasierSupply of critical alloying materials

has improved and military demand for stainless steel products has decreased, War Production Board officials have

told the Stainless Steel Industry Advisor)' Committee. WPB reported that lessening of requirements of other countries for essential nickel needs lias eased the sit­uation here. Nickel accounts for ap- proximately 8 per cent of materials en- , tering into production of most types of j stainless steel.

C anad a . . .

Toronto, Ont. — Restrictions on pur­chase of steel by non-war consumers have been lifted in Canada, with the j result that orders need not be approved by the steel controller before acceptance, j it was announced from Ottawa this week, Representatives of Canadian steel com-: panics can now deal directly with cus- j torners. On war orders, however, liusi-; ness continues to be placed by the steel j controller and contracts of this nature; must have his approval. While the re-; scinding of order SC 20B enables con- j sumers, to order direct, there is little unfilled capacity remaining this year and | practically all new bookings are for de- livery in early 1946. At present pro- j ducers are endeavoring to reduce back­logs but at the same time their sales­men again are contacting customers with the object of renewing those contracts for future business but they are unable to make definite promises regarding ship-, ments.

The Steel Company of Canada, IlamiJ- ton, Ont., is making progress with instal­lation of its continuous strip and sheet mill, which will operate in conjunction with its plate mill. It is expected that. a portion of this new unit will be in op­eration late this year and in full produc- \ tion in 1946 when the company will turn , out a complete line of hot-rolled sheet products. j j

W ar contract cancellations for stwi have had little effect on the supply sit- j uation and most materials are tighti However, orders continue to pour in de­spite the fact that most mills are sohdb booked through this year on the mon popular materials. Sheets are in he;n) demand from civilian sources and in­quiries continue to appear in large ' p lime. New bookings also run to bn?1 tonnage, despite the fact that producer! are not prepared to make promises re­garding delivery and the majority hi" no additional capacity available this yen1- Many civilian concerns that have bee , expecting delivery to enable them to re surne manufacture of consumer go00*; have little prospect of obtaining 30 large tonnages this year, with the suit th a t many peacetime programs n». be delayed for months.

Bar backlogs extend to the end of jf year and there has been no noticea■' easing in supply through war order <-■' cellations. On carbon bars nulls almost solidly booked, although s producers are said to have l imi ted, pacity available for additional busi in alloy bars.

Plate demand, while steady, ¡s 0 building up excessive backlogs and p ducers offer delivery in two to 1months. Much of the new busmes •for non-war production activities there has been steady falling off ® demand in recent weeks. r.

Little change was reported in tlie. jchant pig iron market for the wee • while demand is steady with sales ning approximately 8000 tons, bn-1

r r F. E I

—so shall you sleep—to awaken refreshed for a busy day in industrial Detroit- Those coveted inner-springs (out for the duration) are still w ith us!

.

. . . . m s s » m « t

800 OUTSIDE ROOMS ALL WITH PRIVATE BATH . . . SINGLE FROM $2.50 . . . DOUBLE FROM $4.00Charles H. Lott, General Manege

Sold by Leading Jobbers Everywhere

WRITE FOR NEW FREE BULLETIN JUST OFF THE PRESS

, THid-SuitciEQUIPMENT CORP.

BBS South Michigan Avenue Chicago 16, Illinois

as a whole lacked special feature. Melt- ers are taking lots of 100 to 200 tons and are not placing forward delivery contracts. Production schedules are un­changed, with 9 of the 14 furnaces in Canada blowing.

While there has been minor slowing in scrap receipts, the supply situation as a whole is somewhat in excess of con­sumer requirements. D ealers are m ak­ing regular shipments to mills and the latter have been rebuilding depleted slock piles. Iron scrap supply also has shown improvement and while no large stocks have been accum ulated dealers are said to be in a position to m eet customer requirements.

STRUCTURAL SH A P ES . . .STRUCTURAL STEEL PLACED

11.300 tons, a s se m b ly p l a n t a n d p r e s s s h o p , Flmt. M H i.. fo r C h e v r o le t M o to r D » '”'s i^ n . General M otors C o r p . , to A m e r ic a n B r id g e Co., P ittsb u rg h ; b id s J u n e 2 1 .

1600 tons, b u i ld in g a d d i t i o n N o r th C a ^ o b 'n a Puln Co., P ly m o u th , N . C . , to B e th le h e m Steel Co., B e th le h e m , P a .

1150 tons, a d d it io n to n a v a l o r d n a n c e p l a ^ t o f Amertorp C o rp ., F o r e s t P a r k , H I ., f o r U . S . Navy, to M iss iss ip o i V a l le y S t r u c t u r a l S te e l Co., D ecatur, 111.; b id s J u ly 3 .

650 tons, fac to ry b u i ld in g , J o h n D e e r e T r a c t o r Works. W a te r lo o , I o w a , f o r D e e r e & C o . , to Bethlehem S te e l C o . , B e th le h e m , P a . ; b id s June 20.

60 tons, te rm in a l b u i ld in g , C h ic a g o M u n ic in a l Airport, C h ic a g o , f o r D e p a r tm e n t o f P u b l ic uorks. to B e th le h e m S te e l C o . , B e th le h e m , °a-; bids J u n e 2 9 .

' “0 tons, fa e to rv b u i ld i n g , A u s t in W e s te r n . Co., A urora, 111., to A m e r ic a n B r id g e C o . , Pittsburgh; A lg o t B . L a r s o n , C h ic a g o , c o n - tractor; b id s J u n e 2 0 .

*•' tons, th ree s ta te b r id g e s , L a n c a s t e r c o u n ty , f^nsylvania. to P h o e n ix B r id g e C o . . P h o e n ix -

'u le , Pa.; C a y u g a C o n s t r u c t io n C o . , N e w general c o n tr a c to r .

“ P tons* fa c to ry b u i ld i n g , P r e n t i s s - W a b e r s .Products C o ., W is c o n s in B a p id s , W is . . to

isconsin B r id g e & I r o n C o . . M ilw a u k e e ; award H . M e y e rs , O s h k o s h , W is . , c o n t r a c ­

tor; bids J u n e 2 8 .

~ p, !.0ns* " 'a re h o u s e , G e o r g e H . P i l l in g C o ., njladelphia, to B e th le h e m F a b r ic a to r s . B e t l i -

Pa., t h r o u g h J . R . F a r r e l l , g e n e r a l contractor.

tons, a d d itio n f o r E l e c t r i c H o s e & R u b b e v o*> W ilm in g to n , D e l . , to B e th le h e m S te e l

> B eth lehem . P a . , t h r o u g h J o h n E . H e a le y Son. g e n e ra l c o n tr a c to r s .

°ns or m o re , f o r B o n d C r o w n & C o r k °> W ilm in g to n , D e l . , to B e th le h e m S te e l

through J o h n E . H e a l e y & S o n , g e n e r a lcontractors.

STRUCTURAL STEEL PENDING■102 In

brid ”S’ Te^ a c e m e n t s e c t f d n o f B r ig a n t in e... ^e’ A b seco n , N . J . ; a ls o 4 3 4 to n s , s te e l

r i in^ and 1 0 8 0 f e e t o f w r o u g h t p i p e ; 2oO ^ acB ns ^ ° ’» B r o o k ly n , lo w .

fac to ry b u i ld i n g , N o r g e D iv is io n ,205 m e r C o rP-, H e r r in , 111.

tion°nSr ^ d r iv e r l e a d s , v a r io u s lo c a - W B u re a u o f Y a rd s & D o c k s , U . S .

200 cag0’ bids JwV 10-‘ e n g in e e r in g b u i ld i n g 1 3 2 , C h r y s le rlnT H ig h Ian d P a r k , M ic h . lU0 tons, 1 ° r m o re , s t r u c tu r a l s te e l to w e r s f o r«ansny •

tbn r?ISSlon b n e > L o n g v ie w , W a s h . , s u b s ta

Bonn nn e a r K e ls o ' W a s b -i b id s J » !y 1 6 , 0re?tVI P o w e r A d m in is t r a t io n , P o r t l a n d ,

1 b u iU i“ R f o r H a r r i s o n R a d i a to r D iv iS'On r t u r i i a r r i s o n l i i t t i l a t o r i / i v t -John u!le ra l ^ o to rs C o r p . , L o c k p o r t , N . Y .;

contractor ^ 0 U p e r ^ ° ’ ^n c ' ’ B u f f a lo , g e n e r a ltor.

July 16. I94S

NOT FOUND IN ANY OTHER TYPE OF WELDER

R E IN FO R C IN G BARS . . .REINFORCING BARS PLACED

1 9 0 to n s , e x p a n s io n , E . J . B r a c h & S o n s , C h i ­c a g o , to C e c o S te e l P r o d u c ts C o r p . , C h ic a g o .

1 5 0 to n s , E v a n g e l i c a l C h u r c h , D e t r o i t , to B e t h ­le h e m S te e l C o . , B e th le h e m , P a .

1 3 0 to n s , e x p lo s iv e la b o r a to r y , N a v a l O r d n a n c e , W h i t e O a k s , M d ., to B e th le h e m S te e l C o . , B e th le h e m , P a . , th r o u g h C h a s . H . T o m p k in s .

1 0 0 to n s , b a r s a n d m a ts , s t a t e h i g h w a y s e c t io n , H a r t f o r d , C o n n . , to T r u s c o n S te e l C o ., Y o u n g s to w n , O .

REINFORCING BARS PENDING

3 0 7 to n s , f a c to r y b u i ld in g , F i f t e e n th a v e n u e , b e tw e e n 6 0 - 6 3 r d s t r e e ts , B ro o k ly n .

4 0 0 to n s , f o u n d a t io n , M is s is s ip p i r iv e r b r id g e , M e m p h is , T e n n . ; b id s J u ly 1 8 .

4 0 0 to n s , r u b b e r r e s e a r c h a n d d e v e lo p m e n t l a b o r a to r y , B . F . G o o d r ic h C o . , B re c k s v i l le , O .

3 0 0 to n s , f a c to ry , J o s e p h S m ith C o . , N e w Y o rk .

2 0 0 to n s , e n g in e e r in g b u i ld i n g 1 3 2 ,C o r p . , H i g h l a n d P a r k , M ic h .

2 0 0 to n s , B u r e a u o f R e c l a m a t io n , in v i t a t i o n K - 2 3 3 2 3 , B o u ld e r C i ty , N e v .

1 7 5 to n s , P e r s h in g H ig h S c h o o l , D e t r o i t .

1 0 5 to n s , b u i ld i n g , L o o s e -W ile s B is c u i t C o ., L o n g I s l a n d C i ty , N . Y .

p l a t e s . . .P L A T E S P L A C E D

PLATES PENDING

1 0 0 to n s o r m o re , tw o e le v a t e d s tee l* t a n k s , B u r e a u o f Y a rd a n d D o c k s , N a v y D e p a r tm e n t , N a v y Y a r d , P h i la d e l p h ia ; C h ic a g o B r id g e & I r o n C o . , P h i l a d e l p h ia , lo w , $ 1 5 2 ,8 5 0 , s p e c . 1 6 7 3 5 ; b id s J u n e 2 2 .

PIPE . . .CAST IRON PIPE PLACED

3 1 0 to n s , 6 , 8 a n d 1 2 - in c h , T h r e e R iv e rs w a t e r d i s t r i c t , P a l m e r , M a s s . , to W a r r e n P ip e C o . , E v e r e t t , M a ss .

R A ILS , c a r s . . .RAILROAD CARS PLACED

C e n t r a l o f G e o r g ia R a i lw a y C o . , 1 0 m o d e r n s t r e a m l in e d p a s s e n g e r to A m e r i c a n C a r flc F o u n d r y C o . , N e w Y o rk .

C o n s o l id a t e d R a i lw a y s o f C u b a , 2 5 0 f i f ty - to n b o x , t o M t. V e m o n C a r M fg . C o . , M t. V e r n o n , I I I . , d iv is io n o f H . K . P o r t e r C o . , P i t t s b u r g h .

E r ie , 6 0 0 g o n d o la s , to B e th le h e m S te e l C o ., B e th le h e m , P a . , f o r J o h n s to w n , P a . s h o p s ; 1 0 0 c o v e r e d h o p p e r s to G r e e n v i l l e S te e l C a r C o . , G r e e n v i l le , P a .

I l l in o i s C e n t r a l 5 0 0 f i f ty - to n b o x c a r s , 3 0 0 f o r ty - to n a u to m o b i le , 5 0 0 f i f ty - to n f la ts a n d 5 0 0 f i f ty - to n lo w - s id e g o n d o la s to o w n s h o p s .

P e n n s y lv a n ia , 3 0 0 s e v e n ty - to n c o v e r e d h o p p e r s , to o w n s h o p s , f i r s t q u a r t e r , 1 9 4 6 .

U . S. g o v e r n m e n t , W a r D e p a r tm e n t , f o r C h in a - B u r m a - I n d ia , 4 0 0 0 t h i r t y - t o n , e ig h t - w h e e l 4 2 - in c h g a u g e b o x ; 1 9 0 th i r t y - t o n e ig h t - w h e e l 4 2 - in c h g a u g e t a n k , a n d 1 3 0 th i r ty - t o n , e ig h t - w h e e l 4 2 - I n c h g a u g e r e f r ig e r a to r to A m e r i c a n C a r & F o u n d r y C o . , N e w Y o rk .

R A IL R O A D C A R S P E N D I N G

B a l t im o r e & O h io , 5 0 0 f i f ty - to n b o x a n d 5 0 0 s e v e n t y - to n h o p p e r s .

B e s s e m e r &c L a k e E r i e , 1 0 0 0 s e v e n ty - to n h o p ­p e r s .

C a n a d i a n N a t io n a l ( G r a n d T r u n k W e s te r n ) 3 0 0

2 3 0 0 to n s , g a s h o l d e r f o r D e l a w a r e P o w e r 6c L i g h t C o . , W i lm in g to n , D e l . , to C r u s e & K e m p ; p l a t e s to W o r t h S te e l C o . , C la y m o n t , D e l .

2 3 0 0 to n s , in c lu d in g 8 0 0 to n s o f 4 8 - in c h a n d 1 5 0 0 to n s o f 5 4 a n d 6 0 - in c h s te e l w a t e r n ip e f o r P h i l a d e l p h ia ; L e o B u t le r C o . , S i lv e r S p r in g , M d ., a n d K a u f f m a n C o n s t r u c t io n C o . , P h i l a d e l p h ia , lo w o n c o n tr a c ts .

MANAGEMENT COUNSEL

Our services provide the combined talents of regis­tered licensed, professional industrial and mechanical engineers, accountants, architects, structural, civil and hydraulic engineers, electrical, heating, ventilat­ing, air conditioning, chem­ical, foundry and metallur­gical engineers to work closely with members of your staff in helping to build a more effective business organization.

Illustrated folder on request

• Industrial Engineering• Methods• Plant Layout• Production Flow• Work Standards and Costs• Job Evaluation• Wage Incentives• Architecture• Structural Engineering• Civil Engineering

The successful fu ture o f m any a business hangs on the thread o f m aking a de­cision to do som ething today

A S S O C I A T E D

f o r t y - t o n r e f r ig e r a to r a n d 2 5 0 0 f i f ty - to n b o x .

C h ic a g o , B u r l in g to n & Q u in c y , 1 2 0 0 f if ty - to n b o x .

C h ic a g o & E a s t e r n I l l in o i s , 2 0 0 f i f ty - to n b o x .

C h ic a g o , R o c k I s l a n d & P a c if ic , 2 5 0 a u to b o x , 50M i f e e t , 5 0 - to n c a p a c i ty , a n d 7 5 0 a u to b o x , 4 0 % f e e t , 5 0 - t o n c a p a c i ty .

D e la w a r e , L a c k a w a n n a & W e s t e r n , 7 0 0 f if ty - t o n h o p p e r s .

D e n v e r & R io G r a n d e W e s t e r n , 2 0 0 f if ty - to n b a l l a s t a n d 2 5 s e v e n ty - to n c o v e r e d h o p p e r s .

L o u is v i l le & N a s h v i l le , 1 0 0 0 f i f ty - to n b o x a n d 1 0 0 0 s e v e n t y - to n h o p p e r s .

M e r c h a n ts D e s p a tc h , 5 0 0 f o r t y - t o n r e f r ig e r a to r s .

N e w Y o rk C e n t r a l , 7 5 0 s e v e n ty - to n c o v e re d h o p p e r s .

N o r f o lk & W e s t e r n , 5 0 0 f i f ty - to n b o x .

R e a d in g C o . , 5 0 0 f i f ty - to n b o x .

S o u th e r n , 1 0 0 0 f i f ty - to n b o x .

S t . L o u is W e s t e r n , 2 5 0 f i f ty - to n b o x a n d 5 0 f i f ty - to n f la t - c a r s .

W e s te r n M a r y la n d , 4 0 s e v e n ty - to n c o v e re d h o p ­p e r c e m e n t .

L O C O M O T I V E S P L A C E D

W e s te r n P a c if ic , f iv e 1 0 0 0 - h o r s e p o w e r d i e s e l - e le c t r i c s w i tc h e r s to B a ld w in L o c o m o tiv e W o rk s , P h i la d e lp h ia .

Redeployment of Troops To Tax Transport Facilities

( Concluded from Page 85)| ham, labor vice chairmen in the War

Production Board, have called upon in­dustrial workers to help overcome the

; transportation problem by working over- j time when necessary' to unload and load

freight cars promptly. They pointed out that demand for certain types of freight cars is even heavier this year than last, and more freight shipments must be hauled over longer distances. At the same time the number of freight cars is limited. WPB estimates that, as a freight car is ordinarily used once every 18

i days, this use could be increased to once | every 15 day's if action were taken to 1 expedite loading and unloading.

That the country’s railroads are fac­ing a critical assignment in handling both passenger and freight traffic dur­ing the next six to eight months appears to be well understood by the public and industry'. This is seen in the acceptance given recent government orders affecting civilian pullman travel and the making of reservations.

The recent ODT order reducing from 30 days to 5 days the reserving of pull­man space was issued without warning and thus gave no opportunity for dis­cussion. However, the directive for­bidding sleeper runs of less than 450 miles has caused relatively little criticism on the part of the traveling public.

Railroad officials hope the actions al­

ready taken will be sufficient to reck civilian travel to a level that can be ac­commodated, but they are not sure te will be so. More drastic steps may kc to be taken to restrict nonessential tmt further.

Western railroads plan to maintaij necessary civilian service although Ik burden of westward military traffic Mi increase 15 per cent by the end of lk year.

As for freight traffic, adequate ejw ment to haul grain from western state Iras been the most troublesome spot re eently. At the moment, this situatks is getting some relief. It is stated the: will be as many railroad cars to mouj Kansas grain as there were last sunune and possibly more. ODT says Karr- had 11,116 more cars on track June ,than a year ago and the number it- ( creased toward end of the month. R» \ roads serving grain loading territoifc j will have available more than 1000 f t per cars with temporary steel roofs fa moving wheat.

So far, steelmakers have been harder hit by' insufficient box cars to ship t plate. Some bad weeks have been e perienced, but currently the situation in hand. Shortage may recur befe summer passes, however. To meet It tight box car situation ODT has cab upon shippers and rail carriers to - crease use of refrigerator cars for tic. perishable freight shipments to ccrU \

western states. Such use has been mitted by Interstate Commerce Com® sion Sendee Order No. 104 since fa uary', 1943, but now becomes more « essary because of the acute boxcar sw age and the increasing volume of M- military and domestic traffic on we. em railroads.

Col. J. Monroe Johnson, ODT di® tor, states increased use of refrige14 cars will eliminate hauling of empty J* frigerator cars to the West, and i»- an ample supply of refrigerator cfe the California fruit area. The OD rector called attention to the large " ume of perishable freight that must *, moved out of the West Coast states- meet consumer demands in other T of the country and the need of supp.- refrigerator cars for this traffic. i

Unless full use is made of ICC jNo. 104 permitting use of up to •refrigerator cars in lieu of one « for shipments to California, vada, Utah and Idaho, said the 0 jrector, a definite waste of transpo facilities will result from the niou ' of large number of empty rein2e _ cars westward and empty boxcars ward.

E N G I N E E R S , I N C . C O N S T R U C T I O N AND E N T E R P R I sEJoseph C. Lewis, President

230 EAST BERRY STREET Fori Wayne ' 2, Indiana

OHIO

A K R O N , O .— J o h n s o n S te e l & W i r e C o . , 5 6 0 H o g u e a v e n u e , h a s b e e n g r a n t e d b u i ld i n g p e r m i t f o r a s h o p a d d i t i o n 4 1 x 5 1 f e e t .

A K R O N , O .— O h io M e c h a n ic a l H a n d l in g C o . h a s b e e n o r g a n i z e d b y W i l l i a m F . B u r s e . 4 6 5 E a s t P a r k s t r e e t , a n d a s s o c ia te s , w i th

2 5 0 s h a re s o f S I 0 0 p a r v a lu e to m a n u f a c tu r e h a n d l i n g a n d m o v in g e ^

C A N T O N , O .— H e r c u le s M o to r CoiPt ’ ¿ E l e v e n t h s t r e e t S E , 'h a s l e t c o n ^ c ^ b o u r n e B ro s . C o n s t r u c t io n C o ., * ^ ^ *in g , f o r a f a c t o r y b u i ld i n g 1 4 3 x o c o s t a b o u t $ S 0 ,0 0 0 .

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Deep Drawn Refrigerator Hydrator Trays.Dies of Strenes. 2,000,000 Stampings When War Stopped the Run.

WILL BE ASTRENES METAL

E N T H U S I A S T !If you could cast to shape and lower the machining time on your die castings from Va to Vi — the saving in both time and cost would help immeasurablyon your post-war tooling.

If you could draw and form several times as many pieces as formerly, even on deep draws, between redressings, that also would help. \

Strenes metal dies for draw­ing and forming press work can give you the above results and should be investigated at once.

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THE AD VAN CE FO U N D RY CO.119 Sem inary Avenue

D a y to n 3, O hio

S T R E N E SM E T A L/xS&jri’* 1 : ; r ;..-

D R A W I N G A N D F O R M I N Gd i e ; M E T A L

b u i ld in g , C l e v e la n d , h a s b e e n g iv e n W P B a u th o r i z a t io n f o r r e h a b i l i t a t i o n o f t h i e e m il l b u i ld in g s a n d i n s t a l l a t i o n o f s p o t w e ld e r s , b o n d e r i z in g a n d d r y in g o v e n , g r a in in g m a ­c h in e , e tc . , to c o s t $ 6 4 0 ,0 0 0 .

C L E V E L A N D — C le v e la n d B r o n z e B e a r in g C o . , C a x to n b u i ld in g , is m a k in g a l t e r a t io n s in its fo u n d ry ' a t 2 1 5 2 S c r a n to n a v e n u e a t c o s t o f a b o u t $ 1 0 ,0 0 0 .

C L E V E L A N D — R e p u b l ic S te e l C o r p . , R e p u b l ic b u i ld in g , h a s b e e n g iv e n W P B a u th o r i z a t io n f o r p l a n t a d d i t i o n a n d in s t a l l a t i o n o f a n n e a l ­i n g f u r n a c e s , c o ils , c o n d e n s in g u n i ts , c o o lin g f a n s , c r a n e , e tc . , f o r a n n e a l i n g c o ld - r o l l e d s t r i p a n d s h e e t s , to c o s t $ 1 ,0 9 0 ,0 0 0 .

C L E V E L A N D — C le v e la n d A i r c r a f t T o o l & D ie C o . , F r a n k Z a n c o , 9 0 1 6 M a n o r a v e n u e , m a n ­a g e r , w i l l b u i ld a p l a n t a t M a p le H e ig h ts , O .

C L E V E L A N D — S t a n d a r d A llo y C o . , 1 6 7 9 C o l ln - m e r a v e n u e , is b u i ld i n g a o n e - s to r y m a c h in e s h o p 4 0 x 4 0 f e e t , to c o s t a b o u t $ 1 0 ,0 0 0 .

C O L U M B U S , O .— L e n n o x F u r n a c e C o . , 6 5 1 N o r th B a x te r s t r e e t , p l a n s a p l a n t a d d i t i o n to c o s t a b o u t $ 5 0 ,0 0 0 .

H A M I L T O N , O .— F i s h e r B o d y D iv i s io n o f G e n e r a l M o to r s C o r p . , D e t - o i t , h a s W P B a u ­th o r i z a t i o n f o r s e v e r a l b u i ld in g s a n d in s t a l ­l a t i o n o f c r a n e , b o i le r s , s u b s ta t io n , e t c . , to c o s t $ 2 ,0 1 6 ,0 0 0 .

‘ M A N S F I E L D , O .— M a n s f ie ld T i r e & R u b b e r C o . , p l a n s p l a n t e x p a n s io n to i n c r e a s e t i r e p r o d u c t i o n , a t c o s t o f $ 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 o r m o re .

M I D D L E T O W N , O .— S o rg P a p e r C o . , 9 0 1 M a n c h e s t e r a v e n u e , w i l l t a k e b id s so o n f o r a p o w e r p l a n t a d d i t i o n , in c lu d in g n e w b o i le r a n d w a t e r t r e a t m e n t p l a n t , to c o s t a b o u t $ 4 7 5 ,0 0 0 . J . E . S i r e n e & C o . , G r e e n v i l le , S . C . , a r e e n g in e e r s .

M I D D L E T O W N , O .— A m e r ic a n R o l l in g M ill C o . , h a s b e e n g r a n t e d W P B a u th o r i z a t io n fo r a d d i t i o n to e x is t in g b u i ld i n g a n d in s t a l l a t i o n o f p i n c h r o l ls , s h e a r e q u ip m e n t , fu m a fc e , c o n - v pv o ts , s c a le , m o to r s , p u m p s , e tc . , to c o s t $ 6 1 8 ,8 4 2 .

S A N D U S K Y , O .— L a k e E r ie C a n n i n g C o . . c a r e O . L . T e a g a r d e n , P o r t C l in to n , O . , h a s r e ­c e iv e d W P B a p p r o v a l f o r r e b u i l d in g b u r n e d p l a n t , i n c lu d in g b o i l e r h o u s e w i th e q u ip m e n t a n d c a n n in g m a c h in e r y , to c o s t a b o u t $110,000.

S T E U B E N V I L L E . O .— C h ic a g o W a l l P a p e r M fg . C o . h a s W P B a u th o r i z a t io n f o r a o n e - s to r y b u i ld i n g a p p r o x im a te ly 3 0 x 5 0 x 2 7 f e e t a n d i n s t a l l a t i o n o f b o i l e r a n d c o a l s to k e r , to c o s t $ 4 0 ,0 0 0 .

T O L E D O , O .— D o e h le r - J a r v i s C o . , 2 1 0 0 S m e a d a v e n u e , h a s p l a n s by ' G i l l e t t e & R ic h a rd s , 5 1 8 J e f f e rs o n a v e n u e , f o r a th r e e - s to r y a d d i ­t io n to c o s t a b o u t $ 6 0 ,0 0 0 .

Y O U N G S T O W N , O .— W il l ia m M . Q u in n C o . h a s b e e n in c o r p o r a t e d w i th 1 0 0 0 s h a re s n o p a r v a lu e to d e a l in m a c h in e r y , b y G . F . H a m m o n d , M a h o n in g B a n k b u i ld in g , a n d a s s o c ia te s .

W a ts o n £c A s s o c ia te s ', 4 6 1 4 P ro s p e c t avenue, 1 C l e v e la n d , " a re a r c h i te c t s .

M IL T O N , P A .— B o r o o f M il to n , 28 North F r o n t s t r e e t , p l a n s a s e w a g e t re a tm e n t plat! to c o s t a p p r o x im a te ly $ 5 0 ,0 0 0 . Albright lc F r i e l , 1 5 2 0 L o c u s t s t r e e t , P h ila d e lp h ia , and I C h r i s t i a n S i e b e r t , 2 2 2 W i l lo w av e n u e , Cam? | H i l l , P a . , a r e e n g in e e r s .

CONNECTICUT

B R I D G E P O R T , C O N N ,— B r i d g e p o r t B ra s s C o . , 3 0 G r a n t s t r e e t , w i l l l e t c o n t r a c t s o o n f o r a t h r e e - s t o r y p l a n t a d d i t i o n to b u i ld i n g 4 0 , E a s t M a in a n d W a l t e r s t r e e ts , to c o s t o v e r $ 4 0 ,0 0 0 . F l e tc h e r - T h o i n p s o n I n c . , 2 1 1 S t a te s t r e e t ; a r e e n g in e e r s .

M A N C H E S T E R , C O N N .— C h e n e y B ro s ., H a r t ­f o r d r o a d , h a v e p l a n s c o m p le te d f o r a o n e - s to ry ' 3 8 2 x 3 0 8 - f o o t p l a n t o n P in e s t r e e t , to c o s t $ 4 5 0 ,0 0 0 . H . K . F e r g u s o n , H a n n a b u i l d ­in g , C l e v e la n d , i s e n g in e e r .

MICHIGAND E T R O I T — T u b e - C r a f t C o . , 8 8 2 5 GrinwO j

r o a d , h a s b e e n in c o r p o r a t e d w ith 100?: s h a re s n o p a r v a lu e to m a n u f a c tu r e rigid site f le x ib le t u b e s , b y V ic to r L . G r a f , s a m e address.

D E T R O I T — W e b s t e r C o . , 3 3 5 3 P e n o b sc o t build- ( in g h a s b e e n i n c o r p o r a t e d w i th $ 100,000 r c a p i t a l to m a n u f a c tu r e m e c h a n ic a l dcvirn a n d m a c h in e r y , b y A . E . B e rg m a n , 1913 U n iv e r s i ty a v e n u e , S t . P a u l .

D E T R O I T — -B ay M e ta l C o . , 2 9 1 0 W ests t r e e t , h a s b e e n in c o r p o r a t e d w ith 1503 ( s h a re s n o p a r v a lu e to d e a l in ferrous am j n o n f e r r o u s m e ta l s , b y J a y S h a p iro , same ad­d r e s s .

I R O N M O U N T A IN , M I C H .— L a k e Shore En­g in e e r in g C o . p l a n s a o n e - s to ry process»: p l a n t 7 5 x 1 2 0 f e e t o n E a s t A s tree t.

M A R Q U E T T E , M I C H .— G e o r g e B a n z h a f & Cs. p l a n .c o n s t ru c t io n o f a s a w m il l an d bole: h o u s e .

M A N I S T I Q U E , M I C H .— M a n is t iq u e Tool D i e C o . h a s s t a r t e d c o n s t r u c t io n o f a o'»'- s to r y p l a n t a d d i t i o n 3 0 x 6 0 fe e t .

R O Y A L O A K , M I C H .— B a g p r in t Macluiwi C o r p . , 4 3 6 3 W o o d w a r d a v e n u e , h as been in­c o r p o r a t e d w i t h $ 2 5 0 0 c a p i t a l to _ manufactory b a g - m a k in g m a c h i n e r y a n d a n il in e presses, b y W a l t e r S . R y a n , s a m e a d d re s s .

ILLINOISB E L V I D E R E , I L L .— N a t io n a l S e w in g Macbic

C o . h a s l e t c o n t r a c t to S jo s tro m & Sons I«-; R o c k f o rd , 111., f o r a t h i r d a n d fourth-sOT a d d i t i o n , 8 0 x 8 1 f e e t .

C H I C A G O — M e tr e x V a lv e C o . , 5 9 1 2 D ivis^ s t r e e t , h a s s k e tc h e s c o m p le te d b y S. e s ta d , 3 6 0 0 W e s t F u l l e r to n a v e n u e , fo r a one*, s to r y 1 2 5 x 1 2 5 - f o o t p l a n t .

G E N E V A , I L L . — M o d e m S te e l E q u ip m e n t Co. a n d t h e H o w e l l C o . , m a n u f a c tu r e r s of me» f u r n i tu r e a n d k i tc h e n c a b in e t s , p l» n a °Ilf s to r y p l a n t a d d i t i o n , 2 4 x 1 7 6 fe e t .

K E W A N E E , I L L .— K c w a n e e M fg . Co., t r u c k b o d ie s , h o i s t s , e tc . , h a s l e t contra T . S . W il l i s , J a n e s v i l l e , W is . , f o r a new p» to c o s t a b o u t $ 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 .

R O C K F O R D , I L L .— G e o r g e D . R o p e r CoT m a n u f a c tu r e r o f r o ta r y g e a r p u m p s , *°. r a n g e s , e tc . , p l a n s a o n c - s to r y p la n t at 1

R O C K F O R D , I L L .— C e n t u r y T o o l Co. c o n t r a c t to E . W . E r ic s o n f o r a o ne-sto r; c h in e s h o p 6 0 x 8 0 f e e t .

W O O D S T O C K , I L L .— E l e c t r i c Auto-Lite G h a s l e t c o n t r a c t to O s c a r S t ro m , C rysta111., f o r a f a c to r y b u i ld i n g to cos' $100,000.

INDIANAF O R T W A Y N E , I N D .— W h i t e M a c b m e ^ | g |

5 1 6 H ig h s t r e e t , h a s l e t c o n t r a c t to >P . S c h e n k e l & S o n , 1 2 1 2 P u tn a m streev a o n e a n d t w o - s to r y 8 0 x 150 - fo o t n* w o r k s , to c o s t a b o u t $ 5 0 ,0 0 0 .

PENNSYLVANIA

E R I E , P A .— H a m m e r m i i l P a p e r C o . h a s W P B a u th o r i z a t io n f o r a p l a n t a d d i t i o n a n d i n s t a l l a ­t io n o f b o i le r s , t u r b i n e , g e n e r a t o r , c o n d e n s e r , c o n v e y o r , e tc . , to c o s t $ 2 ,0 6 0 ,3 0 0 .

L E B A N O N , P A .— L e b a n o n S te e l F o u n d r y C o ., L e b a n o n , h a s l e t c o n t r a c t to H u g h e s - F o u lk r o d C o . , 1 5 0 5 R a c e s t r e e t , P h i la d e l p h ia , f o r a i l X - r a y b u i ld i n g to c o s t a b o u t $ 4 0 ,0 0 0 . W i l b u r

DELAWAREW I L M I N G T O N , D E L .— G e n e r a l M otors C™,:

1 3 2 G e n e r a l M o to r s b u i ld in g , » ' “ t e l e t c o n t r a c t s o o n f o r a p o w e r p la n t , a ^ p l a n t a n d s e rv ic e b u i ld in g , to coy $ 3 0 0 ,0 0 0 . A l b e r t K a h n A s s o c ia te d Are & E n g i n e e r s I n c . , 3 5 4 N e w C e n te r D e t r o i t , is e n g in e e r .

MARYLANDS P A R R O W S P O I N T , M D .— B eth leh em

C o . , E a s t T h i r d s t r e e t , . B e th le h e m ,

SI«;V.-

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TOOLING FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY

“ ecker offers you a complete three-in-one service...Engi- ¡'eering ...Too i Building...Production...or any one service mdividualty. Our fourteen years experience in this highly technical field is ready now to help you solve your tooling Problems. Write for our new brochure "Men and Machines."

for Power Presses, Hand and Foot Presses of all makes.

66 Styles of Punches

48 Sty les of Dies

C arried in N ew York Stock fo r immediate shipment.

Special sizes and types; such as, bending, double or single rounding, double or single cut-off, mitre, knock­out, fluorescent, etc. of punches and dies are made to order.

Semi-Circular End Oval

RegularOval

Punches and dies for the metal-working trades have been our specialty for over fifty years. W e know the work these tools must do—we make them to do that work.

For maximum performance it's Lewthwaite Punches and Dies. Catalog'$ 8 available.

310 East 47th Street

• Lessons learned In wartime manufacturing have made It easier for us to tell you about Nickelold Metals. One w a r­tim e lesson w as that costly basic metals could be eliminated and iess expensive ones used if the surface w ere electro­plated with a durable, corrosion-resistant coating such os chromium, nickel, copper or brass. A n other w artim e lesson that proved our case w as simplification of manufacturing procedure • • • eliminating operations, and thus roducing costs w hile speeding production. Nickelold Metals are toiler- made for high-speed, automatic fabrication. Production e x ­perts recommend them. W rite us for more Information.

e n g i n e e r s a n d ‘T fta Á e n t. NICKEIOID

A M E R I C A NN I C K E L O I DC O M P A N Y

Established 1898 P E R U , I L L I N O I S

Established 1931 66th ST., CLEVELAND 3, OHIO • OFFICES IN PRINCIPAL CITIES

KICK U - CHROMIUM • I t ASS • COf f I t • ZIHCTO AU. COMMON METALS

q a l s o lA CQ U ltlD COlOtS < V a SHEETS AND COILS ^

INJECTORS NYDRAUHC D i­a l Pressures un10,000 p .s .i .

AIRCRAFT & DIESEL EQUIPMENT CORP.

DEPT. 17:4411 N. RAVENSWOOD AVE.CHICAGO 40, ILLINOIS

• • •

N O Z Z L E T E S T E RK e e p s D i e s e l E n g i n e s

R u n n i n g E f f i c i e n t l y

W A L W O R T H , W I S .— P r e c i s io n P ro d u c ls Co. h a s b e e n i n c o r p o r a t e d to e n g a g e in manu­f a c t u r i n g , b y P e t e r M o rr i s o n , R o b ert E. B m n d t a n d L . M . S tro n g .

W A T E R T O W N , W I S .— M a n u fa c tu r e r s ’ Re­s e a r c h C o r p . , s u b s id i a r y o f S y n c ro m a t ic Coip,, M ilw a u k e e , p l a n s o n e - s to r y f a c to ry 100 s 250 f e e t .

MINNESOTAM I N N E A P O L IS — M in n e a p o l is & S t. Louis

r a i l r o a d h a s l e t c o n t r a c t to J a m e s L eek Co. f o r a o n e - s t o r y a d d i t i o n to i ts locomotive s h o p 9 0 x 1 7 6 f e e t a t C e d a r L a k e shops on K e n w o o d p a r k w a y , t o c o s t a b o u t 5 1 6 0 ,0 0 0 .

M I N N E A P O L I S — A r m c o D r a in a g e & Metal P r o d u c ts I n c . , E d w a r d R o b e r ts , manager, p l a n s n e w f a c to r y a t L y n d a l e a v e n u e North a n d 4 4 t h s t r e e t .

M I N N E A P O L I S — D e l m a r S . R o g e r s p la n s con­s t r u c t i o n ' o f o n e - s to r y f o u n d r y 3 5 x 7 0 feet o n G e o r g ia a v e n u e , S t . L o u is P a rk .

S T . P A U L — M in n e s o ta M in in g & M fg. Co.< m a n u f a c tu r e r o f a b r a s iv e s , h a s l e t contract to G e o r g e F . C o o k C o n s t r u c t io n C o ., Minne­a p o l i s , f o r a tw o - s to r y p l a n t a d d it io n 112 x 1 6 0 f e e t , to c o s t a b o u t $ 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 .

IOWAC E D A R R A P I D S , I O W A — C e n t u r y Engineering

C o r p . , m a n u f a c tu r e r o f o i l b u rn e rs , w a s h e r s , f i l te r u n i ts , e t c . , h a s l e t c o n trac t to F r a n k J i r o u c h f o r a o n e - s to r y p la n t building 6 0 x 1 4 0 f e e t .

C H E R O K E E , I O W A — F . D . B o o th p la n s con­s t r u c t io n o f a o n e - s to r y m a c h in e shop .

D E S M O I N E S , I O W A — W e s te r n T o o l & Stamp­in g C o . w i l l l e t c o n t r a c t s s o o n f o r a two-story a d d i t i o n 1 0 0 x 1 5 0 f e e t . K r a e ts c h & Kraetsch, D a v id s o n b u i ld i n g , a r e a rc h i te c t s .

CALIFORNIAH O L L Y W O O D , C A L I F .— A u to m a t r o n ic Labora­

to r y h a s b e e n e s ta b l i s h e d b y D o n n ie D- - iuj a n d D e l b e r t J . W a r d to d o electro-mechanical e x p e r im e n ta l w o r k a n d m a n u f a c tu r e electro­m e c h a n ic a l d e v ic e s , a t 8 4 7 2 M e lro se p ac€'

L O S A N G E L E S — N . J . C a r n e s & C o . has been f o r m e d b y N e ls o n J . K a r n e s a n d A u g u sta • K a rn e s a n d h a s e s ta b l i s h e d a m a c h in e sho p a n d w e l d in g b u s in e s s a t 6 1 3 6 F e rg u so n d m •

L O S A N G E L E S — A e r o - T r o n ic M fg . Co. t o b e e n f o r m e d b y E . W . S m ith a n d M i d « 1 P o l lo c k a n d h a s b e e n e s ta b l is h e d a t P o n t iu s a v e n u e , W e s t L o s A n g e le s , fo r mao f a c t u r e o f a i r c r a f t , r a d i o a n d in s t ru m e n t pa

L O S A N G E L E S — D e l t a E l e c t r ic a l Instrarment C o . h a s b e e n f o r m e d b y W . S . R ic h a rd s .J . L lo y d S le e p e r a n d h a s b e e n e s ta b lis ic 1 9 1 1 W e s t P ic o b o u l e v a r d .

L O S A N G E L E S — D u . L i t e C h e m ic a l P roch^ • h a s b e e n f o r m e d b y A . J . A h lsc h la g e r * M a t t E . L e e t o p r o c e s s m e ta ls , a t 1 1 4 b O l iv e s t r e e t .

L O S A N G E L E S — Z e n i th A i r c r a f t C o . h as &*»■ i n c o r p o r a t e d w i t h $ 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 c a p i t a l byB . A n d r e w s a n d a s s o c ia te s , 7 0 4 S o u th I s t r e e t .

L Y N W O O D , C A L I F .— M ic ro M fg . Co. t o b e e n o r g a n iz e d b y E l l i s M . W a m p er M a x in e Z . W a m p l e r t o m a n u f a c tu r e p re a * d r a f t i n g i n s t r u m e n t s , a t 1 2 1 3 5 C o n u s s L y n w o o d .

S A N T A M O N IC A , C A L I F .— B e r k e le y M achto & M fg . C o . h a s b e e n o r g a n iz e d b y n ^ N ie t lm s a n d h a s e s ta b l i s h e d its Pliin 1 7 4 4 J 4 B e r k e le y s t r e e t .

V E R N O N , C A L I F — M o d e m M e ta l h a s b u i ld i n g p e r m i t f o r a p l a n t buiJ 4 6 2 3 H a m p to n s t r e e t , to c o s t a b o u t

OREGON

S A L E M , O R E G .— N a t io n a l B a t te r y po-' ^ P a u l , w i l l b u i ld i t s t w e l f t h p l a n t , a t c o s t a b o u t $ 1 7 5 ,0 0 0 , w i th c a p a c i ty to r

WEST VIRGINIA

l e t c o n t r a c t s o o n f o r a o n e - s to ry lo c o m o tiv e r e p a i r s h o p c o s t in g a b o u t $ 1 3 0 ,0 0 0 .

GEORGIA

A T L A N T A , C A N W ., p la n s c o s t o v e r $ 4 0 ,0 0 0

-T . E . & S c h n e id e r , H u fF ro a d s o a p m a n u f a c tu r in g p l a n t to

o n s i t e r e c e n t ly p u r c h a s e d .

LOUISIANAS H R E V E P O R T , L A .— S o u th w e s te r n G a s &

E l e c t r ic C o . , 4 2 8 T r a v is s t r e e t , is h a v in g p l a n s m a d e f o r a n e le c t r i c p o w e r g e n e r a t in g s ta t io n , to c o s t a b o u t $ 3 m il l io n .

FLORIDAM IA M I , F L A .— T h e o b a ld I n d u s t r ie s , K e a rn y ,

N . J . , B . J . M c W a t te r s , r e p r e s e n ta t i v e , w i l l b u i ld $ 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 p l a n t f o r p r o c e s s in g a n im a l f a t s a n d ta l lo w s . S t e w a r d & S k in n e r a r e a r c h i te c t s .

T o keep diesel engines opera ting a t p eak efficiency, th is p o rtab le , p rec i­sion-bu ilt A deco Nozzle T ester is in ­dispensable.

L igh t in w eight y e t b u ilt for heavy- d u ty service, i t enables any m echanic to m ake quick accu ra te te s ts on in ­je c to r opening pressure, sp ray p a tte rn , e tc ., an d d e tec t stuck needle valves a n d leakage a round valve seats. Tests b o th large an d sm all in jectors, on bench or engine, a t pressures u p to10,000 p . s . i . P rev en ts costly delays and possible dam age to engine.

W E I R T O N , W . V A .— N a t io n a l S t e e l C o r p . h a s r e c e iv e d W P B a u th o r i z a t io n f o r a d d i t i o n a l f a c i l i t ie s , in c lu d in g t in a n d z in c c o a t in g , to c o s t $ 3 8 4 ,8 0 0 .

MISSOURIK A N S A S C I T Y , M O .— M e ta l G o o d s C o r p . , 1 7 0 1

B a l t im o r e a v e n u e , w i l l b u i l d a n o f f ic e b u i l d ­in g a n d w a r e h o u s e c o v e r in g 4 0 0 0 0 s q u a r e f e e t i n N o r th K a n s a s C i ty . I t w i l l b e 1 6 0 x 2 5 0 f e e t . C o n t r a c t h a s b e e n l e t t o H i r a m E l l i o t t , o n p l a n s b y N e v i l l e & S h a r p , a r c h i te c t s .

S T . L O U I S — S t e e l P r o d u c ts M fg . C o . , 1 4 1 8 P e n d l e t o n s t r e e t , m a n u f a c tu r e r o f d i e s a n d s ta m p in g s , h a s b o u g h t s i t e a t C h ip p e w a a n d H o p e s t r e e t s f o r a o n e - s to r y p l a n t , 1 7 0 x 2 8 0 f e e t , t o c o s t a b o u t $ 1 1 5 ,0 0 0 .

ARKANSAS

WISCONSIN

Id ea l for test- i n g h y d r a u l i c d e v i c e s .

O C A L A , F L A .— A c e C o . , D o n C a m p b e l l , m a n ­a g e r , w i l l e s ta b l i s h a p l a n t t o m a n u f a c tu r e b lo w e r s a n d c o m m e rc ia l v a c u u m c le a n e r s .

T A M P A , F L A .— C o n t in e n t a l C a n C o . , 3 9 t h s t r e e t a n d S ix th a v e n u e , h a s p r io r i t i e s fo r c o n s t r u c t io n o f $ 7 4 5 .0 0 0 a d d i t i o n , i n c lu d in g o n e - s to r y p l a n t a d d i t i o n 1 3 0 x 2 2 0 f e e t , o n e - s to r y w a r e h o u s e 1 3 0 x 3 4 0 f e e t a n d i n s t a l l a t i o n o f n e w e q u ip m e n t .

J O N E S B O R O , A R K .— J o n e s b o r o C h a r c o a l 6c C h e m ic a l C o . p l a n s a p l a n t s ix m il e s s o u th o f J o n e s b o r o .

S U B L E T T , K A N S .— N o r t h e r n N a t u r a l G a s C o . , A q u i la c o u r t , O m a h a , p l a n s n a tu r a l g a s o lin e a n d l iq u i d h y d r o c a r b o n r e c o v e r y p l a n t a n d n a tu r a l g a s d e h y d r a t io n p l a n t , to c o s t o v e r $ 1 m il l io n .

W r ite f o r b u l le t in o n th i s p r a c tic a l ,

lo w -c o s t u n i t*

K I E L , W IS .— H . G . W e b e r C o . , m a n u f a c tu r e r o f p a p e r b a g m a c h in e r y , p l a n s a o n e - s to ry p l a n t a d d i t i o n 3 5 x 6 0 f e e t .

M IL W A U K E E — C o n s o l id a t e d T o o l & M a c h in e C o . h a s b e e n i n c o r p o r a t e d to m a n u f a c tu r e m a ­c h in e r y a n d to o ls , b y D e a n e D e M o u l in , 1 6 4 1 N o r th 1 2 1 s t s t r e e t , a n d D a v i d W o o d .

N E K O O S A , W IS .— N e k o o s a - E d w a r d s P a p e r C o . ‘h a s l e t c o n t r a c t to F r a n k J . H e n r y , W is c o n s in R a p id s , W is . , f o r a f o u r - s to r y b l e a c h p l a n t 6 8 x 7 2 f e e t , a n d a o n e - s to r y f i l te r p l a n t 5 2 x 75 f e e t .

R A C I N E , W I S .— R a c in e B o i le r & T a n k C o is b u i ld i n g a o n e s to r y b o i l e r s h o p a d d i t i o n .

S H E B O Y G A N , W I S .— M a y s te e l P r o d u c ts I n c . p la n s e r e c t io n o f a p l a n t to c o s t f ro m $ 6 0 ,0 0 0 to $ 7 5 ,0 0 0 .

M A D IS O N , W IS .— O s c a r M a y e r & C o , m e a t p a c k e r s , p l a n a d d i t i o n to c a n n in g b u i ld in g . H e n s c h ie n , E y e r d s & C r o m b ie , -59 E a s t V a n B u r e n s t r e e t , C h ic a g o , a r e e n g in e e r s .

M I L W A U K E E — W . C . H i b b a r d M a c h in e C o . , 1 9 4 7 S o u th 5 4 t h s t r e e t , h a s l e t c o n t r a c t to P e t e r s C o n s t r u c t io n C o . f o r a o n e - s to r y p l a n t a d d i t i o n .

1 ■j .tS 1 no tn c o i Cc I J I B i l J t K

C o ilin g h e a v y m aterial up to 9 /1 6 " diam eter ca lls fox craftsm anship an d m ach ines w ith m uscle . It a lso ca lls lor e x p er ien ced “ beforehand" k n o w led g e , the sp ec ia l ta len t o f R aym ond en g in eers. From the fin est gauge m aterial to the h ea v ies t , R aym on d crafts­m en b u ild your sp rin g s to the degree of accuracy required — in sm all lo ts or m ass p rodu ction . Let R aym ond recom m end the typ e of sp rin g you n eed — : for lo n g life and d ep en d a b le action .

WIRE FORMS— SMALL STAMPINGS RAYM OND M AN UFACTURIN G CO.

D IV IS IO N O F A S S O C IA T E D S P R IN G C O R P O R A T IO N

C O R R Y , PEN N.

I “ paid for itself the first day“MIDWEST AIRCRAFT MOTOR MANUFACTURER

(nom« on request)

S ince the fir*» day, *ay* »hi* manufacturer, thou- *and* of dollars of valuable catting* ond thousand* of man hour* put into those castings have been saved by the THOMAS process.THOMAS will pay for itself In the production line in your plant, too, performing all these operations—

Remove broken or imbedded Tops, high-speed Drills, Reamers and Studs without dam age to valu­able work-pieces. Drill holes and cut slots, keyways and channels In the hardest metal m ade by man . . . after heat-treat. Scarify ond drill holes in hardened dies. Pierce armor plate. And hundreds of other labor-saving, money-saving operations.

Accurote ond Dependable—Easy to o p e ra te—No adjustments — tow operating on d m ain ten a n c e costs — 4 THOMAS Models to fit any price or operating condition (Super Model shown). Let us prove, in your own plant, that only

• THOMAS solves your (W)Hole problem. No obligation.

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fo r PRECISIO N A R C-B O RIN G

tw?lml..................

NAME............................ .................... .................................... STATE.an.

processing carriers’J _

. . . Are custom-built for specific duties . . . baskets, trays, ¿rates,frocks and fixtures . . . some types suitable for handling a-variety of metal parts . . . but most of them designed to solve a particular problem.

Shown here is an exbmple of RolodcV--solution of a problem in heat; treating rifle barrels. This fabricated rack suspends 100 ' barrels (600 lbs.) through 1" openings for 1600° furnace heat, then oil quench.

Rolock Carriers—to 8000 lbs. capacity—-handle loads easier, best withstand all exposures . . . save rejects, lower costs.

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to advise you about your particular needs.

/ ' T E E LP e n to n B u ild in g B ook D ep t. C leve land , Ohl*

HENDRICK

»SSI® V 0WM af~

f P g p R l N G SA for oll Pu? ° ! e„5,; • ;» vquantity

mate

send in your specifications or prints

425 CENTRAI AVENUE • PONTIAC 12, MICHIGAN

w m n iE i i tm n i • » i '11!

^PERFO RATED METALSHendrick follows your instructions occur«hsly. whether for o simple mocbsne guerd. o r M iotri- cote smolMtolo punching in stcnnfoH stool, or other cerrocion rosietmg motorioi.

HEM* RICK MANUPACTURIN6 cm. n eunO alf Street C eeOenOele. Po.

Soioc Offices in Prindpol Crtiei fie «re Coneoff Telephone Directory

Manufacturers ef Mltco Open Steel Flooring; Elevo- >or Buckets; Light ond Heovy Stool Plata Conslruclwn

M. D. HUBBARD SPRING COMPANY

D I F F E R E N T I A L•=7Y ^ ST E E L CAR CO. , F I N D L A Y , OHI O

Air Dump Cars, Mine Cars, Locomotives, Lorries A X IESS Trains and

Complete Haulage Systems

O V ERH EA D TR A V EL IN G CRAN ES o AC and DC ARC W ELD ERS O W ELD IN G ELECTRODES W ELD IN G PO SIT IO N ER S O ELECTRIC HOISTS

IN D U STR IA L C RA W LER CRANES

4411 W . N a t io n a l A v e ., M ilw a u k e e 14, Wu-JQHJEJEJ

. T I O VC O R P iuamsn • Euctut turns. iicrtiKis

' m m

BOOKSOn Metallurgy, Iron and Steel Practice,

Foundry Work, etc.W e specialize in books of interest to our r e a d e r s ,

and will be glad to advise book for

L E C O U P L J N C SS IM P LES T T IE -U P OF POW ER SPEED -PRO D U CTIO N

Longer life of drive and driven machinery is assured because of simple design and free floating load cushions. No other construction so free from power-wasting internal friction . L-R FLEXIBLE CO UPLIN GS—Non-lubrrcated. Correct misalignment, insure smooth power flow . Send for Catalog and Selector Charts. Special Couplings engineered. W rite

L O V E J O Y F L E X I B L E C O U P L IN G C O ., 5071 W. Lake St., CHICAGO 44, ILL.

P E A K P E R FO R M A N C E

G a s o lin e - e le c tr ic READY* PO W ER units increase tn»d handling ability. Keeps tn^s on the ¡ob! No valuable tint lost due to limited power #f run down batteries.

™ 'READY-pO W £i\CL3 Í4 I GRAND RIVER AVENUE DETROIT. MICHIGAN, U. S. A.

A GOOD MACHINE D E S E R V E S A G O O D C O U P L I N G !

Waldron ’ .Forged Steel Coupling

showing some of its many refinements in design.

designers and builders specify

WALDRON£ COUPLINGS

JOHN

PLASTICmoulds

LAMINATION DIESAll Types of Precision Die,

Tool and Gauge Work

D E S IG N E R S and B U IL D E R SNo Job too Difficult

Phone Sales Manager: Hogarth 9458 Detroit

BONE TOOL & GAUGE CO.«12 Freeland Ave. Detroit 27, Michigan

TORN»»®

Damage to

pay <°r ta'lWrebuiH coupling.

built to Preve

recognized a:D U S ITORNADO

W O R N A D O

CSiSO-M'iWMEBS

S im o n d s g e a r s o f v a r io u s t y p e s a r e p r o d u c e d i n m a n y s iz e s . S p u r g e a r s u p t o 12 f e e t i n d i a m e te r . o f c a s t a n d fo rg e d s te e l , g r a y i r o n , b r o n z e , s i l e n t s te e l , r a w h id e a n d b a k c l i te . W e c a n h e lp y o u w i th y o u r g e a r p r o b le m s : w r i te f o r c o m p le te i n f o r m a t io n . D i s t r i b u to r s o f R a m s e y S i le n t C h a i n d r iv e s a n d c o u p lin g s -

T H E SIMONDS GEAR & MFG. CO2STH STREET, PITTSBU RG H . PA.

arasasses

Cold Pipe, Conduit &Tube Bending Machines

A New England plant was unloading vv to 1UU tons of steel weekly a sheet at a time/ using 4 men at the car and 2 in the storage. After the Mansaver G rab System was installed, one man did the entire job, releasing 5 for other ¡obs. Handling time was cut 9 6 % , and the waste and danger from bent sheet corners was eliminated. Ask for the details.

I Hand Operated: Wemanufacture ten sizes and types, bending from

to 6 " inclusive.Motor Pow ered :—> Three capacities, I to 4 ", l " to 6 ", and \" to

inclusive, all for bending pipe cold.

Factory a?d Main Cffice, 11 Furnace Street, Pcultney, Verirent (Sales Office Formerly 37 Pearl Street, boslon, Massachusetts)t o A N b / W t K J J l Y l b l O N , dlU l t A i l b f., New h aven , Lonn

GRINDING WHEELS AND T H E I R USES

Secon d Edition — Secon d Printing

ORNAMENTAL—INDUSTRIALF o r A ll P u r p o se s

66 Y ea rs o£ M e ta l P e r fo r a tin g P r o m p t S h ip m e n ts

S end fo r M eta l Sam ple Plates

T H E E R D LE PERFO RA TIN G CO.171 Y o rk S t r e e t R o c h e s te r , N .Y .

QUALITY GEARS by

»R a nc1

a-,,..

L s . m c k s . s w o o « «

100.600 O . D . — 1 1 " F a c e — s t e i l Spur G e a r, P re cision C u t to C u s to m e rs ' S p e c i f i c a t i o n s .

“ Industrial” Service is a c o m b in a t io n o f m a ss p r o d u c t io n an d s k il l , b a c k e d b y y e a r s o f experien ce and sp ec ia l­ization . Y ou 'll find it p ro fita b le to sch ed u le y o u r G ea r , R a c k an d Sprocket orders through our organization .W e’re fully to o le d for c u t t in g S p u r , B e v e l , M itre, W orm , Internal, S p ir a l , A n g u la r a n d H elica l G ears in c lu d in g S p l i n e s , M a c h i n e R a c k s , R o l l e r a n d Silent C hain Sprockets and in c id en t m ach in in g o f castin gs and blanks.

IVrite ¡or our 272 page Catalog a n d Engineer­ing Handbook on your company stationery.

INDUSTRIAL G EAR M FG. CO.« 4 S V A N BUREN STREET C H IC A G O 24 . ILLIN O IS

DO YOUR PA RT W ITH - m . T

l& f A R B I D ESHAWINIGAN PRODUCTS CORPORATIONEMPIRE STATE BUILDING. NEWYORK l.N.Y.

INDUSTRIAL T R U C K S AND TRAILERS.Cater «nd Fifth Wheel

Type*

THE OHIO GALVANIZING & M F G . CO.P e n n St., Nile*, Ohle

Ih e M anufacture o f Ste e l S h e e tsB y E d w a rd S . L a w ren ce

T h l* hook d e s c r ib e s t h e p r in c ip a l s t e p s in r o l r e d in th e m a n u f a c t u r e o f s t e e l s h e e t s

244 p ag e s116 I l lu s t r a t io n s T r ic e , P o s t p a id $4 .50 in U . S . a n d C a n a d a

t h e p e n t o n p u b l i s h i n g c o m p a n yi n « ; B o o k D e p a r tm e n t1213-45 W. 3 rd S t . C le v e la n d , O . 517-S.

18-8 , stainless steel * f illis t e r head ;

»machine s c re w \ headed from wire/

ROLLED thread N F CLASS 3

CAMCAR PRODUCTS CO.R O C K F O R D , I L L I N O I S

OLD FASHIONED METHODS ARE O U T - -POSTWAR ERA DEMANDS LOWER COSTS

COLD HEADING, ROLL THREADINGA N D A U T O M A T I C S E C O N D A R Y O P E R A T I O N S

By COLD HEADING many parts formerly made on screw machines we have successfully INCREASED PRODUCTION holding CLOSER

TOLERANCES resulting in LOWER COSTS

SPECIALS OUR SPECIALTY

16,1945

OVERHEAD ELECTRIC

TRAVELING EST. 1900

C RAN ES S H O ISTS I TO 125 TON CAPACITY

WILLOUGHBY, OHIOVICTOR R. BROWNING & CO-INC

TÜHHWCHflM to.SAFETY STEEL STAMPS

ju L O Y ‘ RO UN D • F L A T - S H A P E S

COMPUTE HEAT TREATING

FACILITIES f.>r Faeroes acd

Me*oIl

COMMERCIAL HEAT TREATIW6 CO

W edge Grip

— PE R F O R A T E D —

TO YOUR REQUIREMENTS SEND US YOUR DW GS FOR PRICE

ALL SIZE AND SHAPE HOLES—ALL METALS

SEND FOR CATALOG # 3 4

DIAMOND MFG. CO.BO X 32 W Y O M IN G , PA.

W R I T E c ° p MTtm i 11 UUmMpÍÉINÍW? faiL I T E R A T U R E

l<i^ 7 ^ ^ w o n S t.,P ltt» b u rg h ,y ..H E L P P R E V E N T A N A C C I D E N T T O D A Y !

B e l m o n t i r o n \ a / o R k _sP H IL A D E L P H IA * N E W Y O R K w W E D O Y S T O N *

E ng ineers - Contractor» - Exporter» S T R U C T U R A L S T E E L — B U ILD IN G S & BRIDGES

R lV E T B O — A R C W K U H U )B E L M O N T IN T E R L O C K IN G C H A N N E L FLO OR

I F r iU f o r C etoh w tua H i h i U H k o - P b i l a . , P . . N « Y o rk O ff ic e — M W h iteh a ll Si

W I R EA L S O W I R E S C R E E N C L O T H

T H E S E N E C A W IR E & M F G . CO.FOSTORIA, OHIO

I M M E D I A T E D E L I V E R YA LLO Y and CARBON G RA D ES

AS R O LLE D , ANNEALED and H EAT T R EA T ED M A CH IN ER Y S T E E L S

CO LD F IN ISH ED and HOT R O LLED

TO O L S T E E L S H IG H SPEED a n d CARBON G RA D ES

D R IL L ROD—TO O L B IT S — FLA T GROUND STO CK S P EC IA L PLA TES— FLA M E C U TTIN G

BROACH T Y P E H ACK SAWS

B E N E D I C T - M i L L E R , INC .H. k Pbtat: MArkil M i l l • N. T. P N n : REd.r W ill

216 CLIFFORD ST.. NEWARK 5. N. J.

STEEL

Member Mefol Treeting InjTihrte

y Q w kls 0F EVERn.1Wf f L K V Promptly made to your 'J Cyt>u f l r exact specifications. We can furnish IO any tire or style of perforations desired.

CHICAGO PERFORATING CO.2443 W. 24th Place Canal 1459 Chicago, HI-

I T T S B U R G HrrrrsttiRBH, p a

i n t d u i a who buy

and sell g o o d used or surplus machinery

You'll find them all in / T E E L ’S "U sed and'

Rebuilt Equipm ent" section , w e e k after w eek.

Y our advertisem ent will reach them, too. Rates

are very reasonable . . . . write to da y to

/ T E E L , P e n f o n B u i l d i n g , C l e v e ,

GALVAN IZIN G COf : ALMOND & E. FIRTH STS.— PHILA., PA.

GASOLINE - DIESEL

STEAM - ELECTRIC

ANY SHAPE * AN Y M ATERIAL * COMPLETE FACILITIESWrite for Free Forging Data Folder.. . Helpful, Informative

J.H. WILLIAMS & CO., "The Drop-Forging People" BUFFALO 7, N.Y.

• P IC K L IN G T A ' M K S / t S • P L A T I N G T A N K S r l f y • A N O D I Z E T A N K S ^h e a t i n g u n i t s f o r a c i d t a n k s HEIL ENGINEERING COMPANY*2303 E L M W O O D A V E . C L E V E L A N D , O H I O

RAILS NEW AND RELAYING

TRACK a c c e s s o r i e s

m S IV a te A o u â a i•PROMPT s h i p m e n t s* FABRICATING f a c il it ie s* t r a c k a g e s p e c ia l is t s

■VERYt h i n g f r o m o n e s o u r c e

L; B. FOSTER COMPANYN rw iB RGH CH ICAG O"tW YO RK SAN FRAN CISCO

Rail, Accessories Railway Equipment

' All Steel Products I

P R O D U C T S,I»c.

(Uliu't »tu *2“

Ra il w a y e q u i p m e n t a n d a c c e s s o r i e s

n‘a*' ■P1 “ ' '»It*. «n*l«c n n e t u d e lk « u il-

or p h o w fo r price ,1M „NRe N-GALAMBA C O R P._ ' ° SL K a n sa s C ity , K an sas

17— 40-ton 40-ft. Box Cars14— 40-ton 40-ft. Flat Cars 11— 50-ton 40-ft. Flat Cars15— 50-ton 40-ft. Composite Gondola

Cars1— 18-ton Davenport Locom otive (3 6 n

ga.)

Locomotivo •a n rstMi TJBir

Now and Used RAIL & INDUSTRIAL

. EQUIPMENT CO.4 30 Church St.. He* York 7. N.Y.

FOR SA LEMANUFACTURERS’ SURPLUS

27,000 lb. 214" Round SAE X4130 C.D.

ANNEALEDSTEELBAR

ContactE. A. Steinhäuser or L. F. Johnson

BOW SER, INC.F o r i W a y n e , I n d . P h o n e : H a r r is o n 2 3 4 1

COWLES TOOL COMPANYCLEVELAND 2, O H IO

COWLESR O T A R Y S L IT T IN G K N IV E S/o r M ix l r r n H e t f u im n e n ts

Highest Q ua lity . . . . Long Service The f’rodurt o f M an y Years Specialisation

M A D E BY r O O L M A K E R h

A Is n \ h m u f n r t u n - r s o f

MILLING CUTTERS AND SPECIAL METAL CUTTING TOOLS

EQUIPM ENT. . . MATERIALS

E C O N O M Y v A > n Z E

SELLERS — BUYERS — TRADERSMora IRO N & ST EE L 40

for your PR O D U C TS wDoHarl ' Experience

1 3 4 6 2 S . B r a in a r d A v e .• C h ic a g o 3 3 , I l l in o i s •

“Ant/th ing containing IR O N or S T E E L ”

TO B U Y ER S OF

NICKEL STEEL RODS

W e offer the following tubular items from stock which should be suitable for use in place of solid rods as the price per pound and the weight per foot will be much lower than rods and material has same machinability as rods:

SAE X-233010.000 ft. % " O.D. x 14 Ga.14.000 ft. % " O.D. x 10 G a.16.000 ft. % " O.D. x 13 Ga.Lengths 12 to 18 ft. Random.

. I f interested in all or part, wire for price.

CONSOLIDATED TUBE SALES CO., INC.32 B ro ad w ay New Y o rk 4, N . Y.

W H ite h a ll 4-5113

E Q U IPM EN T . ■. MATERIALSFOR SALE

6 ft. McKAY ROLLER

LEVELERRollers 2Vi" in diameter with back-up rollers. 440 volt. Ca­pacity # 1 4 gauge sheets. Has had less than 50 hours service. Perfect condition. Guaranteed. Original cost $9500.00.

CENTRAL STEEL & W IRE CO.Box 5310A, C h icag o 80, III.

W a n t e d

PRESS BRAKECapacity 1 / 4 ” Plate

P. O. Box 654, Pittsburgh, Pa.

We BUY and SELLNew Surplus Pipe and Tubes

Steel Buildings Tanks

Valves and Fittings Plates, Bars and Structural

Steel

JOS. GREENSPON’S SON PIPE CORP.N a tio n a l S to ck Y a rd s , S t .C la i r C o u n ty , III.

F O R S A L E

ALLOY STEELROUND, H EX , SQ U A R E BARS

New Y o rk and P ittsburgh W arehouse Stocks

L. B. FOSTER CO.9 P a rk P lace , Now Y o rk 7

P h o n e — B arc lay 7-2111 P . O. Box 1647, P i t t s b u r g h 30

P h o n e — W a ln u t 3300 M ic h ig an D is tr ib u to r :

C. J . G LA SG O W C O M PA N Y 2009 F e n k e ll A ve., D e tro it 6

P h o n o —T o w n se n d 8-1172

FOR SA LE50 TONS I-IOT ROLLED PICKLED AND OILED STRIP STEEL. WD 1010, U.S.A. Spec. 57-136B4, Gfi" x .173/.185 x 107". All irom Weirton Steel Company, Heat No. 2235.

A n a ly s is :C M n S___________ P _

.0 6 .2 7 .0 2 5 .0 0 7

Entire lot as is: $2,350.00, f.o.b. Cleveland, Ohio.

T H E C A LB RA Z E T O O L & DIE CO. 1745 R ockw ell A ve., C le v e lan d 14, Ohio

FO R S A L EUSED DC M ILL TYPE MOTORSFrom 3 to 35 h.p. with control and starting equipment. Telephone ELiiabetn 2 81 82, M r. Dunne. W rite Box 416, Elizabeth, N . J.

F O R S A L E

STEEL BUELDBNGS STEEL TANKS

E M P I R E E Q U I P M E N T C O R P . 1 7 8 3 E a s t 1 1 t h S t . , C le v e la n d , O.

M A in 7GG 7

CLASSIFIEDOpportunities Opportunities

BUS1HESS OPPORTUNITYTool, Die, and Stamping Plant for sale. Excellent profits, large backlog of orders. Principals only. About $60,000 required. Located in Cleveland.

ADDRESS BO X 982

S T E E L • PENTON BLD G . • C LEV ELA N D 13, O.

Opportunities

FO R SA LE

STAMPING & ENAMELING PLANT

Located in Southern city. Approx. 75,000 sq. ft. floor space—Room for expansion. Modern machinery suitable for any type sheet metal products. Address Box 995, STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O.

Employment ServiceS A L A R I E D P O S I T I O N S — T h is a d v e r t i s i n g s e r v ­ic e o f 3 5 y e a r s ' r e c o g n iz e d s ta n d in g n e g o t i a te s fo r h i g h s a la r ie d s u p e rv i s o ry , t e c h n ic a l , a n d ex- e c u t iv e p o s i t io n s . P r o c e d u r e w i l l b e i n d iv id u a l i z e d to y o u r p e r s o n a l r e q u i r e m e n ts a n d w i l l n o t c o n ­f lic t w i th M a n p o w e r C o m m is s io n . R e ta in in g te e p r o te c te d b y r e f u n d p r o v is io n . S e n d f o r d e ta i ls . 11 W . B IX B Y , I n c . , 1 1 0 D e l w a r d B ld g . , B u f ­f a lo 2 , N . Y .

Positions W antedS T R U C T U R A L E N G I N E E R : G O O D M E C H -a n ic a l b a c k g r o u n d . 1 0 y e a r s v a r i e d e x p e r ie n c e . S t r u c t u r a l , s te e l p l a t e , m e c h a n i c a l d e s ig n a n d c o n s t r u c t io n . N o w a s s i s ta n t c h ie f e n g in e e r . W o u ld l ik e c h a n g e to a s m a l l a g g re s s iv e c o m ­p a n y . A g e 3 6 . B .S . d e g T e e . C o n c is e r e s u m e u p o n r e q u e s t . A d d r e s s B o x 9 6 o , S T E E L , P e n to n B ld g ., C l e v e la n d 1 3 , O .

Positions Wanted

S T E E L OR A L L I E D L I N E S . C L E V E L A N D D is ­t r i c t s a le s m a n a g e r f o r l a r g e s te e l p r o d u c e r . E x ­c e l l e n t c o n ta c t s i n O h io a n d P e n n s y lv a n ia . A d d r e s s B o x 9 9 4 . S T E E L , P e n to n B ld g . , C le v e la n d 1 3 , O .

C H I E F M E T A L L U R G I S T O R EXECUTIVE j E n g in e e r . I n d u s t r i a l b a c k g r o u n d o f tw e n ty ; m e t a l l u r g ic a l e x p e r ie n c e in c a r b o n a n d alloy > m il ls , r o l l e r b e a r i n g s , a u to m o t iv e p a r ts a n d gw a p r e c i s io n a i r c r a f t e n g in e p a r t s , e le c tro p ln a p r o c e s s c o n tr o l , c u s to m e r c o n ta c t a n d shop p le m s . G r a d u a te m e t a l l u r g i s t , a g e 4 1 , energ . r e s o u r c e f u l a n d r e l i a b l e . P r e s e n t _ p o s itio n r m e ta l l u r g i s t . D e s i r e s p o s i t io n w i th p r o p 1e» ' w e l l e s ta b l i s h e d o r g a n iz a t io n r e c e p t iv e to id e a s a n d w i th p o s tw a r w o r k a s s u r e d as c m e ta l l u r g i s t , d i r e c to r o f m e ta l l u r g y o r execa e n g in e e r . A d d r e s s B o x 9 9 6 , S T E E L ,B ld g ., C l e v e l a n d 1 3 , O .

F A C T O R Y M A N A G E R O R S U P T . D E S IR E S W c o n ta c t a s te e l f a b r i c a t io n m a n u f a c tu r e r »D ^, u lu av .t „ »»ww ......... _ ian u x au tu 4 ^* g.e m p lo y , a n d ^ p u t in c h a r g e a fa iBe c u t iv e . W e l l s e a s o n e d a n d cx ^ rlr?CIltfTJ p h a s e s o f k i n d r e d o p e r a t io n s . A b le tofu ll r e s p o n s ib i l i t y o f y o u r l a b o r r e u t u » » ^ ^ d u c t io n c o n tr o l , s h o p m a n a g e m e n t , n » « ^p r o c e s s in g , c o s t , c o n t r a c tu a lt h e e x e c u t io n o f a n y n e w p r o d u c t io n Y e a rs o f e x p e r ie n c e in f o r m in g , w e la jn i» f in is h in g , m a c h in in g o f l i g h t a n d beavy ^ A g e 3 5 . N o w e m p lo y e d . A d d r e s jS T E E L . P e n t o n B ld g . , C le v e la n d 1 3 . ^

E X E C U T I V E - E N G I N E E R W I T Hm e n t a n d p r o d u c t i o n e x p e r ie n c e in in e ta ^ c a t i o n a n d m a c h in e t o o l in g in t h e A p P „ .„ ncerinS A u to m o tiv e in d u s t r y . C o o r d in a t e 1-* pjlw i t h M a n u f a c tu r in g , E x p e r ie n c e Mi*

1 PŚwicn iManuraciuxuig, ł a j jc * «■**»'« - V Mi'W o rk , P r o d u c t io n E n g in e e r in g , < P r o d u c o i i ^t e r i a l C o n t r o l , I n d u s t r i a l E n g in e e r in g » g^C o s t C o n t r o l , a n d S u p e r v is io n . o.9 8 7 . S T E E L , P e n t o n B ld g . , C le v e la n d

E L E C T R I C A L E N G I N E E R : 3 T . D E G R E ë Æ ? B R O A D E X P E R I E N C E I N P O W E RB R O A D E X P E R I E N C E I N P O W E R T I O N , A P P L I C A T I O N , M O T O R , C O M & E T C . N O W S U P E R V IS O R O F L A R G E s # M I L L E L E C T R I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G O f s! M IN I M U M A C C E P T A B L E S 4 8 0 0 A c l EVTB O X 9 9 1 , S T E E L , P E N T O N B L D G .L A N D 1 3 , O . ___________ _

S A L E S M A N , 1 5 Y E A R S E X P E R I E N C E a ls , to o ls , e le c t r i c a l s u p p l ie s . C le v e la :ad ^ c in i t y . V e te r a n , a g e 38 . M a r n e d . p entc® A u g u s t 1 . A d d r e s s B o x 9 9 2 , STLfc* *B ld g . , C le v e la n d 1 3 . O .

CLASSIFIEDHelp W anted

W a n te dE L E C T R IC F U R N A C E O P E R A T O R SI« Los Angeles steel foundry. Good op­portunity for dependable man. Postwar work assured. Write giving full details in­cluding when available. Address Box 881, STEEL, Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, O.

W O R K S M A N A G E R well estab lished h e a v y i n d u s t r y m a k in g e q u ip ­m ent for c u ttin g a n d f o rm in g s h e e t m e ta l h a s opening. G ive d e ta i ls o f e d u c a t i o n , p e rs o n a ! qualifications a n d w o rk h i s to r y in l e t t e r o f a p p l i ­cation w hich w ill b e h e ld in c o n f id e n c e . E m p lo y ­ment in a c co rd a n c e w i th e x is t in g W .M .C . r e g u la ttons. N iagara M a c h in e & T o o l W o rk s , 6 8 3 Northland A ve., B u f fa lo 1 1 , N . Y.

W A N T E D P A T T E R N F O R E M A N VUllwble F o u n d ry in T e x a s h a s a n e x c e l le n cP*mne for a m an c a p a b le o f t a k in g c h a r g e o< *oodi and m eta l p a t t e r n s h o p e m p lo y in g tw e lv «

n h w n p a tte rn m a k e r s a n d a p p r e n t ic e s , m a k r own layouts an d e s t im a te p a t t e r n c o s ts . A p p l ic a n t « t td d rta te ag e , fa m ily s ta tu s , salary e x p e c te d ? t c p t r , p r e s e n t e m p l o y e r s . A d d r e s s B o x 9 1 0

• P en t° P B ld g ., C le v e la n d 1 3 , O .

CI11EF E N G IN E E R , B I R M I N G H A M B R A N C H Leading b a r fa b r ic a to rs . M u s t b e c a p a b l e o f t a k -

cl, a r P e o f d e s ig n in g , e s t im a t in g , unfK r^ii anr s c h e d u l in g o f r e in f o rc in g . R e p ly Alaba d e ta i ls to B o x 1 1 5 2 , B i r m in g h a m ,

IF YOU H A V E A N O P P O R T U N IT Y T O O F F E R

H " lhc *'H e ,p w » n t e d ” c o lu m n j o f S T E E L . wT J 1 c r t i !e m e n t 111 S T E E L w il l p u t m0" » to u ch w i th q u u H B c d , h i e h - c a l f b r o v/ri,,, ? h “Ye b * d " 'W o t r a i n in g in t h eami vf o f t h e M e ta l P r o d u c in g*"<1 M etalw ork ing in d u s t r ie s .

Accounts WantedM A II H I* . M I L L 0 RMANUFACTURERS’ R E P R E S E N T A T IV Etta lished jobbers in steel and kindred

! ems' ° es'te to take on a line that will mar etoble in the Middle West, on a

«mmission basis.STEEl d A ddress Box 983

Penton B ldg ., Cleveland 13, O.

f r o iAA,Lc!iSIl ^ D- R E P R E S E N T A T I V E I N D E - and T rarM r e i ? ? onc c o n t a c t in A u to m o tiv e desires to '¡AA i ? v a n o u s o t h e r i n d u s t r ie s , on a comm.-,.?- * P. o r c in g a n d u p s e t a c c o u n tPenton 5 r i Is ' A d d re s s B o x 9 7 7 , S T E E L .

Dlc*g-s C le v e la n d 1 3 , O .

Help W anted Help W anted

F U R N A C E E N G I N E E R WANTED

Old esta b lish ed W estern P en n sy l­v a n ia organization h a s perm anent position lor exp erien ced m an on steel m ill furnace d es ig n in g an d estim at­ing. P lea se describe education , exper- ien ce , in detail, state resid en ce te le ­phone num ber and ava ilab ility . A d­dress rep lies to Box 986, STEEL, Penton Bldg., C levelan d 13, O.

W A N T E D

STRUCTURAL STEEL ESTIMATORSB y l a r g e s t r u c tu r a l s te e l f a b r i c a to r . P r e v io u s e x p e r i e n c e d e s i r a b le b u t n o t e s s e n t ia l . D r a f t s ­m a n , s t r u c tu r a l d e ta i l e r s o r t h o s e a b le to r e a d b l u e p r in t s u r g e d to r e p ly . S o u th e r n lo c a t io n . T h e s e a r e n o t t e m p o r a r y o r d u r a ­t io n o p e n in g s . A d d r e s s B o x 9 9 3 , S T E E L , P e n t o n B ld g . , C le v e la n d 1 3 , O .

W A N T E D — C A R B ID E T E C H N I C I A N . W E L L - fcnow n e a s t e r n c o m p a n y w i t h e s ta b l i s h e d sale« o u t le t h a s e x c e l le n t o p p o r tu n i ty f o r C h ie f T e c h ­n i c i a n to d e v e lo p c a r b id e l in e , e s p e c i a l l y fo r w e a r r e s i s ta n t a p p l i c a t i o n s . F u n d a m e n t a l p r o c e s s ­in g e q u ip m e n t i n s t a l l e d . C o m p a n y a ls o i n te r e s te d in c a s t to o l d e v e lo p m e n ts , p r e c i s io n a n d c e n t r i f u ­g a l c a s t in g s , w i th p a r t i c u l a r r e f e r e n c e to s p e c ia l b e a t r e s i s t i n g a p p l i c a t i o n s , s u c h a s g a s t u r b in e s . S ta te a g e , e d u c a t i o n , e x p e r ie n c e , s a la r y d e s i r e d a n d d r a f t s ta tu s . A d d r e s s B o x 9 0 3 , S T E E L , P e n ­to n B ld g ., C le v e la n d 1 3 , O .

S U P E R I N T E N D E N T W e ll e s ta b l i s h e d h e a v y i n d u s t r y m a k in g e q u i p ­m e n t f o r c u t t i n g a n d f o r m in g s h e e t m e ta l h a s o p e n in g . G iv e d e ta i l s o f e d u c a t i o n , p e r s o n a l q u a l i f ic a t io n s a n d w o r k h i s to r y in l e t t e r o f a p p l i ­c a t i o n w h ic h w i l l b e h e ld in c o n f id e n c e . E m p lo y ­m e n t - i n a c c o r d a n c e w i th e x is t in g W .M .C . r e g u ­l a t i o n s . N ia g a r a M a c h in e & T o o l W o r k s , 6 8 3 N o r th la n d A v e . , B u f f a lo 1 1 , N . Y .

D R A F T S M E N W A N T E D — E X P E R I E N C E I N h e a v y m a c h in e to o l w o r k d e s i r a b le , a i r c r a f t e x ­p e r i e n c e .a c c e p ta b le . O u t s ta n d i n g p o s t - w a r p i c ­t u r e f o r r i g h t m e n . L o c a t io n , u p s ta t e N e w Y o rk . W .M .C . r u le s o b s e r v e d . G iv e f u ll p a r t i c u l a r s in l e t t e r a d d r e s s e d to B o x 9 2 3 , S T E E L , P e n to n B ld g . , C le v e la n d 1 3 , O .

W A N T E D : M A N W I T H G E N E R A L O F F I C Eo r f ie ld s a le s e x p e r ie n c e b y la r g e r e p u t a b l e m a n u ­f a c t u r e r o f s e a m le s s a n d e le c t r i c w e ld e d tu b in g , a l lo y a n d c a r b o n s te e l s . P le a s e a p p ly g iv in g f u l l in f o r m a t io n , e x p e r ie n c e , e tc . , to B o x 7 5 4 , S T E E L , P e n to n B ld g . , C le v e la n d 1 3 , O .

WANTED

PRODUCTION MANAGERMan experienced in planning, scheduling, machine loading and inventory control with experience in small lot production. Machine shop and sheet metal experience an as­set. Excellent postwar prospects with an old organization in the Middle West.

Address Box 964 S T E E L , Penton Bldg., Cleveland 13, 0.

M A N U F A C T U R I N G E X E C U T I V E A p r o g re s s iv e M ic h ig a n m a n u f a c tu r e r w i th e x ­c e l l e n t p o s t - w a r p r o s p e c t s r e q u i r e s a m a n o f h ig h c a l ib e r f o r a r e s p o n s ib le p o s i t io n in i ts f a c to r y o r g a n iz a t io n . T h i s m a n m u s t h a v e a n e d u c a t io n a l b a c k g r o u n d in m e c h a n ic s , b r o a d m a n u f a c tu r in g e x p e r i e n c e a n d a b i l i ty to h a n d le p e r s o n n e l p r o b ­le m s . A g e n o t o v e r 4 5 . G iv e a l l d e t a i l s — a g e , e d u c a t io n , e x p e r i e n c e , a n d s a la r y e x p e c t e d — in f ir s t l e t t e r ( i f p o s s ib le e n c lo s e a r e c e n t p h o t o ­g r a p h ) . E x c e l l e n t o p p o r tu n i ty f o r t h e r i g h t m a n in a w e l l e s ta b l i s h e d a n d s u c c e s s f u l b u s in e s s . AfiArpcc 9 9 0 , S T E E L , P e n t o n B ld g . , C le v e ­l a n d 1 3 , O .

E L E C T R I C A L E N G I N E E R — A W E S T E R N N e w Y o rk m a n u f a c tu r e r o f h e a v y m a c h in e to o ls d e s ir e s t h e s e rv ic e s o f a n e le c t r i c a l e n g in e e r o r e x p e r i e n c e d d r a f t s m a n w i l l i n g to b r e a k in o n e le c t r i c a l d e s ig n in g . T h e w o r k w i l l c o n s is t o f d e ­s ig n in g c o n t r o l p a n e ls , s w i tc h b o a r d s a n d e le c t r i ­c a l s v s te m s o f l a r g e m a c h in e to o ls . T h i s o w n i n g is p e r m a n e n t to t h e r ig h t m a n a n d o f fe r s e x c e l le n t p o s t - w a r p r o s p e c t s w i th w e l l e s ta b l i s h e d , n a t i o n ­a l ly r e c o g n iz e d m a c h in e to o l m a n u f a c tu r e r . A p p ly b v l e t t e r , s t a t in g a g e , e x p e r ie n c e , e d u c a t i o n a n d o t h e r p e r t i n e n t d a t a . W .M .C . r u le s a p p ly . A d ­d r e s s B o x 9 2 2 , S T E E L , P e n t o n B ld g . , C le v e la n d 1 3 , O .

D E S I G N , D E V E L O P M E N T A N D R E S E A R C HE n g in e e r s . M e c h a n ic a l o r e le c t r i c a l f o r w o r k in o n e o f t h e l a r g e s t R e s i s ta n c e W e ld e r M a n u f a c ­tu r e r s . S a la r y o p e n . L o c a t e d , e a s t e r n O h io . O u r e m p lo y e s n o t i f ie d o f t h is a d . R e p ly g iv in g q u a l i ­f ic a t io n s to B o x 9 8 9 , S T E E L , P e n t o n B ld g . , C le v e ­l a n d 1 3 , O .

D E S I G N E R , D R A F T S M A N & E S T I M A T O RW a n te d . M u s t h a v e f u l l k n o w le d g e o f A .S .M .E . c o n s t r u c t io n o n a l l ty p e s o f p r e s s u r e v e s s e ls a n d o t h e r c o m p l i c a t e d s te e l p l a t e c o n s t r u c t io n o f r e ­f in in g e q u ip m e n t , e tc . P l a n t l o c a t e d in T e x a s . S t a te m e n t o f A v a i la b i l i ty r e q u i r e d . A d d r e s s B o x 8 2 8 , S T E E L , P e n t o n B ld g . , C le v e la n d 1 3 , O .

C O N T R A C T WORKTOOLS—DIES— JIGS— FIXTURES— GAGES

Tool Engineerings (D e s ig n in g ) us your samples or prints for quota- ns- Prompt and efficient service.

« i UCT ,0 N T 0 0 L C O M P A N YK n o x v i l l e 7 , T e n n .

“ "d yeur inquiries for

SPECIAL e n g in e e r in g w o r k

A. u t0 ,h8■ " * * C H IN E C O M PA N Y ,

Uesb— E a |D G E PO R T , C O NN .AnU builders of wire and ribbon

jpe . s™ forming machines.- —— ° Soi‘Cft y o u r b id s f o r c a m m il l in g

July 16

SCREW MACHINE CAPACITY AVAILABLE

from to 4 J4"/ also hand screw ca­pacity. Forward samples and blueprints.

Bridgewater Screw Products Co.Bridgew ater, M ass.

E X C E S S C A P A C IT Y A V A I L A B L E L a r g e a n d h e a v y m a c h in e w o rk . T h e H U y a r d C o ., N o r r is to w n , P a .

L O O K I N G F O R P O S T W A R B U S I N E S S ? L I N E u p s u b c o n t r a c t w o r k b y a d v e r t i s i n g n o w . R a te s a r e m o d e r a te . W r i t e S T E E L to d a y .

SPECIAL M A N U F A C T U R E R S TO INDUSTRY . . . Since 1905Meta! Specialties com prised of S T A M P I N G S , F O R M i N G , W E L D I N G , S P I N N I N G , M A C H I N I N G . A l l M eta l or Combined with N o n -M e ta l M a te r ia l s

LARGE SCALE PRODUCTION OR PARTS AND DEVELOPM ENT ONLY

G E K D i N G B r o s .S E T H IR D V IN E S T . o CINCINNATI 2, OHIO

ADVERTISING INDEXAbrasive Products, Inc...................................................... 176Advance Foundry Co ., The ......................................... 210Advance Pressure Castings, Ir.c.................................. 173A irc ra ft & Diesel Equipment Corp............................. 212Ailis-Chalm ers Mfg. Co......................................... 6 , 7, 9American Ag ile Corp........................................................... 135Am erican Cab.e D .vision, American Chain &

Cable ........................................................................................ 17American Chain & Cab le , American Cable

Division................................................ 17Am erican Institute of Bo'.t, Nut & Rivet

Manufacturers .................................................... 72, 73American locomotive, Alco Products

Division .................................................................................. 55Am erica i MonoRail Co ., The .................................... 93American Nickeloid Co ..........................................................211Am erican Pipe Bending Machine Co ., Inc. . . 216American Pu.verizsr Co. .......................................... 201American Shear Knife Co .............................................. 186American Zinc Sales Co. ............................................... 45Arcos Corp. .......................................................................... 175Associated Engineers, Inc.................................................... 203

BBaldwin Locomotive W orks, Standard Steel

W orks Division ............................................................... 35Bantam Bearings D iv ., The Tcrrington Co. . . . 65Bellevue Industrial Furnace Co................................... 183Belmont Iron W o r k s .......................................................... 218Senedict-Miller, Inc............................................................... 218Bethlehem Steel Co.............................................................. 1B ixby , R. W .„ Inc.................................................................. 220B 'aw-Knox Co............................................................................ 23Bone Tool & Gauge Co...................................................... 215Boston Woven Hose & Rubber Co ........................... 61Breuer Electric Mfg. Co.................................................... 215Bridgeport Brass Co........................................................... 67, 68Bridgewater Screw Products Co ..................................221Browning, V ictor R., & Co ., Inc................................... 217Brown & Sharpe M fg. Co ................................................ 13

CCadm an, A . W ., Mfg. Co.............................................. 202Cam car Products Co .............................................................. 217Carboloy Co ., Inc.................................................................... 125Carnegie-lllino is Steel Corp..........................................26, 27Chambersburg Engineering Co................................... 30Chicago Metal Hose Corp.............................................. 164Chicago Perforating Co.................................................... 218Chicago Wheel & Mfg. Co.............................................. 153Cities Service O il Co ........................................................... 21C la rk , Robert H ., Co ......................................................... 39C leveland-C liffs Iron Co ., The ................................. 38Cleveland Crane & Engineering Co........................ 137C leveland Hotel ..................................................................... 184C leveland Pneumatic Tool Co ., T h e ................... 40C leveland Tram rail D ivision, C leveland Crane

& Engineering Co.............................................................. 137Cleveland Tw ist Drill Co ., T h e ................................. 129C lim ax Molybdenum Co................................................... 98Clinton Machine Co............................................................ 213Colonial Broach Co.............................................................. 52Columbia Steel Co 26, 27Cowles Tool Co. ................................................. . . . . 219Cunningham, M. E ., Co.................................................... 218

DDenison Engineering Co ., T h e .................................... 5Detroit-leland Hotel .......................................................... 206De W alt Products Corp. ................................................. 169Diamond Mfg. Co.................................................................... 218D ifferential Steel C ar Co ................................................. 214Dresser Manufacturing D ivision, Dresser In ­

dustries, Inc 20Duffin Iron Co.......................................................................... 132Dulien Steel Products, Inc ............................ 219

EElectric Storage Battery Co ., The ............................ 32Enterprise G alvan izing Co.............................................. 219Erdle Perforating Co ., T h e ............................................ 216Euclid Crane & Hoist Co ., T h e ................................. 145Ex-Cell-O Corp......................................................................... 109

FFarval Corporation ........... . . In s id e Back CoverFederal Machine & W elder Co ., The .............. 48, 49Federal Telephone & Radio Corp............................. 47Fitzsimons Co ., The .......................................................... 140

Fort Pitt Bridge W orks ............................................... 170Foster, L. B ., Co 219, 220

GGeneral Electric Co.......................................................... 58, 75General Excavator Co ., T h e ...................... .................. 158General Steel W arehouse Co ., Inc........................ 155Gerding Bros............................................................................. 221Gisholt Machine Co.............................................................. 43Goodrich, B. F., Co .............................................................. 3Granite C ity Steel Co ......................................................... 22G ray-M ills Co .......................................................................... 150Greenspon's, Jos., Son Pipe Corp........................... 220

HHarbison-W alker Refractories Co.............................. 56Harnischféger Corp............................................................... 214Harrington & King Perforating Co ., The . . . 183Harrisburg Steel Corp......................................................... 41Heald Machine Co ...........................Inside Front CoverHecker, A . W .............................................................................. 211Heil Engineering Co.............................................................. 219Hendrick Mfg. Co ................................................................... 214Hobart Bros. Co....................................................................... 187Holden, A . F., Co ........................................... Front CoverHorsburgh & Scott Co ., The .................................... 148Houghton, E. F., & Co.................................................... 62Hubbard, M. D., Spring Co........................................... 214Hydraulic Press Mfg. Co ., T h e .................................... 11Hy-Test D !v., International Shoe Co........................ 171

IIndustrial Brownhoîst Corp........................................... 209Industrial G ear Mfg. Co................................................... 217Ingersoll-Rand ............................................................................. 2Ingersoll Steel & Disc D ivision, Borg-Warner

Corp ............................................................................................. 59Inland Steel Co. ..................................................................... 82Iron & Steel Products, Inc.............................................. 219

JJohns-M anville 54Jones & Lamson Machine Co......................................... 127Jones & laugh lin Steel Corp ........................................ 131Joyce Machine Co.................................................................. 143

KKemp, C . M., Mfg. Co ., T h e ......................................... 200Kennam etal, Inc................... 180Keystone Steel & W ire Co.............................................. 152Kidde, W alter, & Co ., Inc.............................................. 71Korfund Co ., Inc., T h e . . . 159

LLandis Tool Co......................................................................... 44Lewis Foundry & Machine Division of Blaw-

Knox Co................................................................................... 23Lew thwaite , T. H ., Machine Co................................... 211Lovejoy Flexib le Coupling Co...................................... 214

MMcKay Co ., The ..................................................................... 25McKee, Arthur G ., & Co................................................... 135M aehler, Pau l, Co ., T h e ................................. 42M all Tool Co.............................................................................. 203M ansaver D iv is io n ............................................................... 216Master Products Co ., T h e ............................................... 204Meaker C o ., The .................................................................. 198Mid-States Equipment Corp........................................... 207Monarch Machine Tool Co ., T h e .............................. 76Monarch Steel Co.................................................................... 140Moraine Products Division of General Motors 144

NNational Bearing D ivision , American Brake Shoe

Co................................................................................................... 70N ational Foundry Sand Co.......................... 174National Steel C o rp o ra t io n .......................................... 33New Jersey Zinc Co ., The ..................... 101Nilson, A . H ., Machine Co ............................................ 221Nox-Rust Corp.......................................................................... 185

OOakite Products, Inc............................................. 187Ohio G alvan izing & Mfg. Co ., The ....................... 217Ohio Locomotive Crane Co ., T h e ............................ 219Osgood Co ., The .................................................................. 168O tis Elevator Co. ............................................................... 51Owen Bucket Co ., T h e ................... 217

PParker Rust Proof Co............................................................ 17Pawtucket M anufacturing Co........................................ 179Pennsylvania Flexib le M etallic Tubing Co. . 10Phillips Screw M anufacturers .................................... 74

Pittsburgh Commercial Heat Treating Co.Pressed Steel Car Co ., Inc....................................

RRail & Industrial Equipment Co....................Rathborne, Hair & Ridgway Co......................Raymond Mfg. Co .......................................................Ready-Power Co ., The ..........................................Reconstruction Finance Corp.................................Reeder International ................................................Republic Drill & Tool Co .........................................Republic Steel Corp....................................................Revere Copper & Brass Incorporated .Rockfcrd Machine Tool Co....................................Rolock, Inc. ...................................................................Roper, Geo. D ., Corp.................................................R-S Products Corp.......................................................Ryerson, Joseph T ., & Son, Inc.........................

S

218

. 150

..21? ;

.. 24 j

. . 213 ;

.. 214

.. 60

. . 2?

.. 167 31,53 .. 123 ; .. 141 .. 213 ; .. 154 : .. 142

. . . 2C9 j 57 jBack Coy« :

Scaife Co ...................................................................................Seneca W ire & Mfg. Co ., The ................................Shawinigan Products Corp..........................................Sheffield Corp ., The ...................................................Shell O il Co ., Inc................................................................Silent Hoist & Crane Co................................................Simmons Machine Tool Corp.....................................Simcnds G ear & Mfg. Co ., The ...........................S inclair Refining Co...........................................................Sonken-Galam ba Corp ...................................................South Bend Lathe W orks ...........................................Spe-D-Cut Tool Co.............................................................Standard Steel W orks Division Baldwin

Locomotive W orks ......................................................Sterling Grinding Wheel Division of The

Cleveland Quarries Co...........................................Stckerunit Corporation .................................................Struthers W ells Corp...........................Surface Combustion Corp...................Syntron Co....................................................

TTaylor-W harton Iron & Steel Co.Taylor-W infield Corp ., The ...........Timken Roller Bearing Co................Tinnerman Products Inc..................................................T itanium A lloy Manufacturing Co ., T h e ... Torrington Co ., The, Bantam Bearings DivisionTriplex Screw ’ Co ., T h e .................................................Trundle Engineering Co ., The ................................Tube Turns Inc......................................................................Tw in Disc Clutch Co..........................................................

UUnited Engineering & Foundry Co..........................United States Graphite Co ., T h e ...........United States Steel Corp ., SubsidiariesUnited States Steel Export Co..................United States Steel Supply Co................Universal Engineering Co......................................

VVan der Horst Corp. of Am erica ..................Vascoloy-Ramet Corp ...................................................Verd-A-Ray Corp..............................................................Vulcan Iron W orks .........................................................

WW aldron, John, Corp........................................................W a ll Street Journa l, The ...........................................Webb Corp, The ..............................................................Weirton Steel Co........................................................Wesche, B. A ., Electric Co ., T h e ................Western Brass M ills, Division of Olin In*

dustrîes, Inc...................................... .. ...........................Westinghouse Electric Corporation ...................W heeling Steel Corp ........................................................W ickw ire Spencer Steel Co .................................W illiam s, J . H ., & Co...............................................W illson Products Incorporated ..................Worcester Pressed Steel Co............................Worth Steel Co .................................................................W right-Hibbard Industrial Electric Truck Coi

Inc......................................................................................Z

Zeh & Hahnemann Co.

35

.. 162

. . 151 :

. . 64 3 6 , 3 7 .

. . 17? I

I '■.. 172 \

26.27 :26.2726. 27 j

17714?163:147

215

1!1??'3371

Table of Contents, Page 77 Classified Advertisers, Pages 219, 220,