Eucalyptus degluptaMyrtaceaeEUCALYPTUS (Tree, Dicot)

Eucalyptus deglupta is a huge evergreentree that may attain a height of morethan 50 meters. Trunk makes up 50 to70% of the tree height, about 250 cmdiameter, with buttresses 3 to 4 metershigh. Bark is smooth, yellow and brown,becoming green after flaking. Twigs are4-sided, often with 4 longitudinalwings. Young leaves are opposite, ovateto lanceolate; mature leaves areopposite to sub-opposite, rarelyalternate, and short-petioled. Flowersare in 3 to 7 umbels in terminal oraxillary panicles, with many white topale yellow stamens 2 to 10 millimeterslong. Fruit is pedicallate,hemispherical, with 3 to 4 valves,think, deltoid, exserted to 2millimeters. Mature fruits are brown todark brown, with 3 to 12 well-formedseeds per valve. Seeds are minute,brown, flattened, with a small terminalwing.

Hibiscus rosa-sinensisMalvaceaeGUMAMELA (Shrub, Dicot)

Gumamela is an erect, much-branched,glabrous shrub, 1 to 4 meters high.Leaves are glossy green, ovate,acuminate, pointed, coarsely-toothed, 7to 12 centimeters long, alternate,stipulate. Flowers are solitary,axillary, very large, about 10centimeters long, and 12 centimeters in diameter. Outermostseries of bracteoles are 6, lanceolate, green, and 8millimeters long or less. Calyx is green, about 2centimeters long, with ovate lobes. Petals are red, orangeor rose-white, obovate, entire, rounded tip, and imbricate.Stamens form a long staminal tube enclosing the entirestyle of the pistil and protruding out of the corolla.Ovary is 5-celled, styles are 5, fused below. Fruits are

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Distribution:In Mindanao wherethey are found inthe lowland primaryforests. Planted inparks and gardensin urban areas inthe Philippines,but not common.Also occurs inAustralia, PapuaNew Guinea, andIndonesia.Uses:The wood works wellwith machine andhand tools; usedfor furniture,molding, flooring,constructionlumber, boatbuilding, veneerand plywood.Limited use for

Distribution:Ornamental cultivation throughout the whole country.Uses:For dye/coloring,tea, and medicinal

capsules, loculicidally 5-valved, but rarely formed incultivation.

Leucaena leucocephalaFabaceaeIPIL-IPIL (Tree, Dicot)

Ipil-ipil is a small tree growing up 8meters high. Leaves are compound, 15 to25 centimeters long, with hairy rachis.Pinnae are 8 to 16, and 5 to 8centimeters long. Leaflets are 20 to30, linear oblong, and 7 to 12millimeters long. Heads are solitary,at the axils of the leaves, long-

peduncled, globose, and 2 to 5 centimeters in diameter, withmany flowers. Flowers are whitish, in dense globule heads, 2 to3 centimeters in diameter. Fruit is an oblong or linear pod,strap-shaped, 12 to 18 centimeters long, 1.4 to 2 centimeterswide, papery, green turning to brown and splitting open alongtwo edges when mature, and several fruits developing from eachflower head. Each pod contains 15 to 25 elliptic, compressed,shining, brown seeds, each 5 to 8 millimeters long, 3 to 5millimeters wide.

Cananga odorataAnnonaceaeILANG-ILANG (Tree, Dicot)

Ilang-ilang is a medium-sized treegrowing 10 to 30 meters in height,with pendulous branches, withdrooping, leafy twigs. Flowers are

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Distribution:In settled areas atlow and medium altitudes throughout the Philippines. Locally gregarious and abundant. Introduced from tropical AmericaVernacular names:CHINESE: Bai he huan.SPANISH: Guaje,

Distribution: The plant is native to the Philippines and Indonesia and iscommonly grown in Polynesia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Comoros Islands.Vernacular names:FRENCH: Canang

fragrant, axillary, in umbellate hanging clusters, withthree sepals and six petals, twisted when young anddrooping when mature. Leaves are dark green, up to 20centimeters in length, alternate, simple, entire. Fruit isblack in color, 1.5 to 2 centimeters in length, in axillaryclusters, fleshy and olive-like, with six to 12 seeds ineach fruit.

Diospyros blancoiEbenaceaeKAMAGONG (Tree, Dicot)

Dioecious tree to 15 m tall, with dense crown; stem to 40 cm indiameter , generally straight, fluted; outer bark oftenblackish; young twigs silky. Leaves simple, alternate, oblong orsubelliptic, about 20x7 cm, base obtusely rounded, apex acute toacuminate; dark green above, glaucous and silvery hairy beneath;petiole thick, to 1 cm long, pubescent. Flowers creamy white,axillary, the male flowers in 3-7 flowered cymes, the femalesolitary, slightly large than the male. Fruit a globose ordepressed-globose berry, 7-10 cm in diameter, dull brownish-red,velvety, densely coated with golden brown hairs, subtended bypersistent calyx at base; mesocarp whitish, rather dry,aromatic; seeds up to 10, wedge-shaped 4x2.5x1.5 cm.

Mangifera indicaAnacardiaceaeMANGO (Tree, Dicot)

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Distribution:In settled areas atlow and medium altitudes throughout the Philippines. Locally gregarious and abundant. Introduced from tropical AmericaVernacular names:CHINESE: Bai he huan.SPANISH: Guaje,

Distribution: The plant is native to the Philippines and Indonesia and iscommonly grown in Polynesia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Comoros Islands.Vernacular names:FRENCH: Canang

Distribution: Philippines and Taiwan ; cultivated elsewhere in SE Asia; in primary and

Distribution: Cultivated throughout the Philippines. Certainly introduced. In

Manga is a large tree, with a dense and spreading crown.Leaves are oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 10 to 30centimeters long. The flowers are yellow, small, 3 to 4millimeters long, borne on erect and hairy panicles, whichas as often as long as the leaves. The fruit is a drupe, ofvarying shades of yellow, fleshy, oblong-ovoid,10 to 15centimeters long, and slightly compressed, the skin isthin, and in the center is a large flattened, fibrous seed,and when ripe, surrounded by an edible yellow pulp. It is awidely cultivated tree for its fruit. It has severalvarieties in cultivation, the most popular are the"carabao" and "piko," and the former used to be thepreferred export variety. The Guimaras mango is nowconsidered the sweetest of mango varieties produced in thePhilippines.

Azadirachta indicaMeliaceaeNEEM (Tree, Dicot)

Neem is a medium-sized tree growing to 15 meters high, with widespreading branches forming an oval crown. Leaves are pinnatelycompound. The drooping leaflets are 1 centimeter long, paired,lanceolate, acuminate with serrated margins. The blade is shinydark green on the upper surface and pale green on the underside.Flowers are numerous, small, white and fragrant.

Quisqualis indicaCombretaceae

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Distribution: Philippines and Taiwan ; cultivated elsewhere in SE Asia; in primary and

Distribution: Cultivated throughout the Philippines. Certainly introduced. In

Distribution: Native to India and the Indian subcontinent including Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh

NIYOG-NIYOGAN (Shrub, Dicot)

Niog-niogan or Niyog-niyogan is alarge climbing, woody shrub reaching alength of 2 to 8 meters. Brown hairsgive the younger parts a rustyappearance. Leaves are oblong toelliptic, opposite, 7 to 15centimeters long, rounded at the baseand pointed at the tip. Flowers arefragrant, tubular, showy, first white,then becoming red, reddish-purple ororange, exhibiting the range of colorsin clusters, on the same flower stalk.Fruit is narrowly ellipsoid, 2.5 to 3centimeters long, with five, sharp,longitudinal angles or wings. Seedsare pentagonal and black.

Cycas rumphiiCycadaceaePITOGO (Tree, Gymnosperm)

Cycas rumphii is commonly confusedwith Cycas revoluta, but pitogo is amuch larger plant, with larger leavesand smooth and glabrous ovules. Trunkis stout and woody, growing to aheight of 12 meters, 20 to 50centimeters in diameter, with a roundand symmetrical crown of large, hard,stiff, evergreen leaves. Leaves are1.5 to 2.5 meters long, crowded at the

apex of the trunk, leaflets are 20 to 30centimeters long, about 1 centimeterwide, smooth and shining, falcate, 45 to90 on each side of the midrib. Male conesare terminal, elongated-cylindric orovoid-cylindric. Leaves are numerous,about 30 centimeters long and denselyrusty-tomentose. Fruit is smooth, ovoidto ellipsoid, 3 to 5 centimeters long.

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Distribution: Native to India and the Indian subcontinent including Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh

Distribution: From Batanes Islandsand northern Luzon to Palawan and Mindanao, chiefly along or near the seashore. Occasionalgrowths in forests. Commonly cultivated in the Philippines as an ornamental plant. Also occurs in Malaya to PolynesiaVernacular names:JAPANESE: Kikasu rumufiiGERMAN: Sagopalme.FRENCH: Cycas de Ceylan.CHINESE: Hua nan su tie, Long wei su tie.Uses:Leaves used inreligiousceremonies. In someparts of the

Distribution: In thickets and secondary forests throughout the Philippines. Ornamentally plantedfor its flowers. Also occurs in Indiato Malaya. Introduced in most tropical countries.Vernacular names:GERMAN: Indische fadenrohre.MALAYSIA: Wudani, Akar dani.SPANISH: Quiscual.Uses:Flowers are edible.

Roystonea regiaArecaceaeROYAL PALM (Tree, Monocot)

Roystonea regia is a large palm whichreaches a height of 20–30 metres (66–98 ft) tall, (with heights up to 34.5m (113 ft) reported) and a stemdiameter of about 47 centimetres (19in). (K. F. Connor reports a maximumstem diameter of 61 cm (24 in).)Thetrunk is stout, very smooth and grey-white in colour with a characteristicbulge below a distinctive greencrownshaft. Trees have about 15 leaveswhich can be up to 4 m (13 ft) long.The flowers are white with pinkishanthers. The fruit are spheroid toellipsoid in shape, 8.9–15 millimetres

(0.35–0.59 in) long and 7–10.9 mm (0.28–0.43 in) wide. Theyare green when immature, turning red and eventuallypurplish-black as they mature.

Citrus sp.RutaceaeCALAMANSI (Tree, Dicot)

The calamansi tree has upright brancheswith thorns, and can grow up to 10 feethigh. The calamansi fruit is about 13/4 inch in diameter, dark green whenunripe and yellow orange when ripe,with loose skin, segmented contents andthe pulp is very acidic. Leaflets areelliptic to oblong-elliptic, 4 to 8

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Distribution: Roystonea regia is found in southern Florida, Mexico (Veracruz, Campeche,Quintana Roo, Yucatán), Central America, Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Cayman Islands, Hispaniola, the Lesser Antilles and The Bahamas.Vernacular names:Florida-Florida royal palms.Cuba-palma real or palmacriolla.India-vakka.Uses:As an ornamentalplant, sources of

Distribution: Widely cultivated inthe Philippines, in Malaysia and is growing also in the neighboring northernparts of Indonesia.Vernacular names:FINNISH : Kalamondiini.GERMAN : Zwergapfelsine.MALAY : Limau chuit,Limau kesturi, Jerukkasturi, Jeruk peres, Jeruk potong

centimeters long. Petioles are very narrowly or scarcely winged,about 1 centimeter long. Flowers are axillary, solitary, rarelyin pairs, white, and short-stalked. Fruit is yellow when ripe,nearly spherical, 2 to 3.5 centimeters diameter, 6- to 7-celled,and thin-skinned. The skin or peel is green to yellowish greenor yellow, loosely adhering to the flesh. The flesh contains afew light orange seeds.

REFERENCES:

Flowering plants and ferns in Mt. Makiling (E.S. Fernando)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaeis_guineensishttp://www.stuartxchange.com/AfricanOilPalm.htmlhttp://www.stuartxchange.com/BangkaBangkaan.htmlhttp://www.stuartxchange.com/Asuete.htmlhttp://www.stuartxchange.com/Rimas.htmlhttp://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/Gbase/data/pf000492.html

http://manilaoldtimer.net/trees%20of%20alabang%20hills/champagne.htmlhttp://www.iucnredlist.org/details/38580/0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyophorbe_lagenicaulishttp://www.stuartxchange.com/DonaAurora.htmlhttp://www.stuartxchange.com/EucalyptusDeglupta.htmlhttp://www.stuartxchange.com/Ipil-ipil.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cananga_odoratahttp://www.stuartxchange.com/IlangIlang.htmlhttp://www.stuartxchange.com/Mangga.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azadirachta_indicahttp://www.stuartxchange.com/Neem.htmlhttp://www.stuartxchange.com/Niyog.htmlhttp://www.stuartxchange.com/Pitogo.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roystonea_regiahttp://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=1066http://www.stuartxchange.com/Kalamansi.html

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Distribution: Widely cultivated inthe Philippines, in Malaysia and is growing also in the neighboring northernparts of Indonesia.Vernacular names:FINNISH : Kalamondiini.GERMAN : Zwergapfelsine.MALAY : Limau chuit,Limau kesturi, Jerukkasturi, Jeruk peres, Jeruk potong