Indus Script hieroglyphs करणक kaacuterṇaka kannā legs

spread rim of jar pericarp of lotus karaṇī scribe

supercargo kantildei-āra helmsman

On kāraṇikā pericarp of lotus hieroglyphs in Sanchi

see httpbharatkalyan97blogspotin201503xhtml

The silpin standing next to the

fish-fin hieroglyph-multiplex ayo khambhaṛā fish-fin rebus ayas kammaTa metal mint

is kāraṇikā helmsman (perhaps also śrēṣṭhin foreman of guild) The elephant carrying the

wheel (eraka nave of wheel rebus eraka moltencast copper arA spoke rebus Ara brass) is

karibha trunk of elephant ibhaelephant rebus karba iron ib iron is the centrepiece

proclaiming metalwork (iron and brass)

With the focus on spread legs on this hieroglyph of standing person orthography it is

possible that the body hieroglyph with spread legs also connoted करणक spread legs

rebus helmsmankarṇi supercargo

Decipherment करणक helmsman PLUS me d mēd body rebus me d mēd iron med

copper (Slavic) Thus the body hieroglyph signifies me d करणक karṇi an iron helmsman

seafaring supercargo merchant

Thus in the following renderings kāṭi body stature should be supplemented

with करणक karṇihelmsman seafaring supercargo metals merchant

Ligature Stool or plankseat

Sign 43 Kur kaṇḍō a stool Malt kanḍo stool seat (DEDR 1179) Rebus kaṇḍ fire-

altar (Santali) kāṇḍa lsquotools pots and pans and metal-warersquo (Marathi) + kāṭi body

stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace for metals in mint Thus fire-altar

metalware furnace

Ligature crab claws

Sign 36 kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace for metals in mint

+ kamaḍha lsquocrabrsquo Rebus kammaṭa lsquomint coinerrsquo ḍato = claws of crab (Santali)

Rebus dhātu lsquomineral orersquo Thus mineral ore mint coiner

Archer Ligature one bow-and-arrow hieroglyph

kamaḍha lsquoarcher bowrsquo Rebus kammaṭa lsquomint coinerrsquo + kāṭi body stature Rebus

fireplace trench Thus furnace for metals in mint

Sign 29 Archer Ligature two bow-and-arrow hieroglyphs

kamaḍha lsquoarcher bowrsquo Rebus kammaṭa lsquomint coinerrsquo dula two Rebu dul cast metal

Thus metal castings mint + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace for

metal castings in mint

Ligature hieroglyph lid of pot

aḍaren

lsquolid of potrsquo Rebus aduru lsquounsmelted native metalrsquo + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace

trench Thus furnace for aduru unsmelted native metal Ligatures water-carrier +

lid of pot

Sign 14 kuṭi lsquowater-carrierrsquo Rebus kuṭhi

lsquosmelterfurnacersquo+

kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench +

aḍaren

lsquolid of potrsquo Rebus aduru lsquounsmelted native metalrsquo + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace

trench Thus furnace for aduru unsmelted native metal Thus furnace-smelter for

unsmelted native metal

Ligature water-carrier

Sign 12 kuṭi lsquowater-carrierrsquo Rebus kuṭhi lsquosmelterfurnacersquo+ kāṭi body stature Rebus

fireplace trench Thus smelter furnace

Ligatures water-carrier + notch

Sign 13 kuṭi lsquowater-carrierrsquo Rebus kuṭhi lsquosmelterfurnacersquo+ kāṭi body stature Rebus

fireplace trench + खााडा [ khāṇḍā] m A jag notch or indentation (as upon the edge of a

tool or weapon)(Marathi) Rebus kāṇḍa lsquotools pots and pans and metal-warersquo (Marathi)

+ kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench + kāṭi body =stature Rebus fireplace

trench Thus smelter-furnace metalware

Ligatures water-carrier (as in Sign 12) + rim of jar

Ligature rim of jar Rebus kanda kanka fire-trench

account karṇi supercargo Tu kandůka kandaka ditch trench Te kandakamu

id Konḍa kanda trench made as a fireplace during weddings Pekanda fire

trench Kui kanda small trench for fireplace Malt kandri a pit (DEDR 1214)

rim-of-jar hieroglyph Rebus kanka (Santali) karṇika lsquoscribersquo(Sanskrit) kuṭi lsquowater-

carrierrsquo Rebus kuṭhi lsquosmelterfurnacersquo+kāṭibody stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus

smelter furnace account supercargo

Ligature two spoked wheels

Spokes-of-wheel nave-of-wheel āra spokes Rebus āra lsquobrassrsquo cf erka = ekke (Tbh of

arka) aka (Tbh of arka) copper (metal) crystal (Kannada) Glyph erakarsquonave of wheelrsquo

Rebus eraka lsquocopperrsquo cf erka = ekke (Tbh of arka) aka (Tbh of arka) copper (metal)

crystal (Kannada) dula two Rebus dul cast metal Thus moltencast copper castings ++

kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace for copper metal castings

Ligature hieroglyph corner

kanac lsquocornerrsquo Rebus kantildecu lsquobronzersquo + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus

furnace for bronze castings

Ligatures corner + notch

Sign 31 kana kanac = corner (Santali) Rebus kantildecu = bronze (Telugu) PLUS

खााडा [ khāṇḍā ] m A jag notch or indentation (as upon the edge of a tool or

weapon) Rebus kāṇḍa lsquotools pots and pans and metal-warersquo Thus bronze

metalware + kāṭibody stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace bronze metalware

castings

Ligature hieroglyph stick or one

Sign1 Hieroglyph काठी [ kāṭhī ] f (काषट S) (or शरीराची काठी) The frame or structure of

the body also (viewed by some as arising from the preceding sense Measuring rod)

stature (Marathi) B kāṭhā ʻ measure of length ʼ(CDIAL 3120)

H kāṭhī wood f G kāṭh n ʻ wood ʼ degṭhī f ʻ stick measure of 5 cubits ʼ(CDIAL 3120)

+ kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trenchThe stick hieroglyph is a phonetic

reinforcement of body stature hieroglyph Alternatively koḍ one Rebus koḍ

workshop+ kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus workplace of furnace fire-

trench

Rebus G kāṭɔṛɔ m ʻ dross left in the furnace after smelting iron ore ʼ(CDIAL 2646)

Rebus kāṭi n lt U ghāṭī 1 Trench of a fort அகழி 2 A fireplace in the form of a

long ditch ககோடடடயடுபபு கோடியடுபபு kāṭi-y-aṭuppu n lt கோடிampsup6 + A

fireplace in the form of a long ditch used for cooking on a large scale

ககோடடடயடுபபு

Rebus Skcch kāṭhī f ʻ wood ʼPa Pk kaṭṭha -- n ʻ wood ʼ(CDIAL 3120)

Sign 37 Hieroglyph WPahkṭg ṭōṭ ʻ mouth ʼWPahkṭg thoacutetti f thoacutetthəṛ m ʻ snout

mouth ʼ A ṭhotildet(phonet thotildet) (CDIAL 5853)

Rebus

tutthaacute n (m lex) tutthaka -- n ʻ blue vitriol (used as an eye ointment) ʼ Suśr tūtaka --

lex 2 thōttha -- 4 3 tūtta -- 4 tōtta -- 2 [Prob larr Drav T Burrow BSOAS xii 381

cf dhūrta -- 2 n ʻ iron filings ʼ lex]1 N tutho ʻ blue vitriol or sulphate of copper ʼ

B tuth2 K thoth dat degthas m P thothā m3 Stūtio m A tutiyā B tute Or tutiā

H tūtā tūtiyā m M tutiyā m

4 M totā m(CDIAL 5855) Ka tukku rust of iron tutta tuttu tutte blue vitriol Tu tukků

rust mair(ů)suttu (Eng-Tu Dict) mairůtuttu blue vitriol Te t(r)uppu rust (SAN) trukku

id verdigris Cf Skt tuttha- blue vitriol (DEDR 3343)

Sign 2 dula pair Rebus dul cast metal + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench

Thus furnace for metal casting koḍ one Rebus koḍ workshop Thus furnace

workshop

Ligature harrow

Ligatures harrow + notch (between legs) Allographs Signs 18 39

Sign 18 खााडा [ khāṇḍā ] m A jag notch or indentation (as upon the edge of a tool or

weapon)(Marathi) Rebus kāṇḍa lsquotools pots and pans and metal-warersquo (Marathi) + kāṭi

body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace for metalware castings of unsmelted

native metal

Ligature component in hieroglyph harrow

Sign 19 aḍar harrow rebus aduru native unsmelted metalrsquo (Kannada) + kāṭi body

stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace for native metal

Sign 20 खााडा [ khāṇḍā ] m A jag notch or indentation (as upon the edge of a tool or

weapon)(Marathi) Rebus kāṇḍa lsquotools pots and pans and metal-warersquo (Marathi) + kāṭi

body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace for metalware castings of unsmelted

native metal

Ligature hieroglyph currycomb

kSign 38 hareḍo = a currycomb (Gujarati) खरारा [ kharārā ] m ( H) A currycomb 2

Currying a horse (Marathi) Rebus करडा [karaḍā] Hard from alloy--iron silver ampc

(Marathi) kharādī lsquo turnerrsquo (Gujarati) kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus

fireplace for hard alloy metal

Ligature hieroglyph foot anklet

Sign 40 toṭi bracelet (Tamil)(DEDR 3682) Jaina Skt (IL 20193) toḍaka- an

anklet (Sanskrit) khuṭo ʻ leg foot ʼ degṭī ʻ goats leg ʼ Rebus khōṭā lsquoalloyrsquo (Marathi)

Rebus tuttha copper sulphate + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus smelted

copper sulphate alloy

Ligature hieroglyph rimless pot + ladle

Sign 34

muka lsquoladlersquo (Tamil)(DEDR 4887) Rebus mu h lsquoingotrsquo (Santali) baṭa = a kind of iron

(G) baṭa = rimless pot (Kannada) Thus iron ingot+ kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace

trench Thus iron ingot furnace

Ligatures rimless pot + hollow or ingot

Sign 32 baṭa = rimless pot (Kannada) Rebus baṭa = a kind of iron (G)+ kāṭi body

stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus iron furnace

Sign 33 As for Sign 32 + dulo hole Rebus dul cast metal Thus furnace iron castings

Ligatures rimless pot + dance step

Ligatures rimless pot + wire mesh

Sign 44 meṭ sole of foot footstep footprint (Ko) meṭṭu step stair treading slipper

(Te)(DEDR 1557) Rebus meḍ lsquoironrsquo(Munda) मढ meḍhlsquomerchantrsquos

helperrsquo(Pkt) meḍ iron (Ho) meṛed-bica = iron stone ore in contrast to bali-bica iron

sand ore (Munda) + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus iron furnace

Sign 35 baṭa = rimless pot (Kannada) Rebus baṭa = a kind of iron (G)+ kāṭi body

stature Rebus fireplace trench + akho m ʻmesh of a netʼ Rebus L P akkhā m ʻ one

end of a bag or sack thrown over a beast of burden ʼ Or akhā ʻ gunny bag ʼ

Bi ākhā atilde khā ʻ grain bag carried by pack animal ʼ H ākhā m ʻ one of a pair of grain

bags used as panniers ʼ M atilde khā m ʻ netting in which coco -- nuts ampc are carried

ʼ a khẽ n ʻ half a bullock -- load ʼ (CDIAL 17) అంకము [ aṅkemu ] ankemu [Telugu]

n One pack or pannier being half a bullock load Thus a consignment or packload of

furnace iron castings

Ligature warrior + ficus religiosa

Sign 17 loa lsquoficus religiosarsquo Rebus lo lsquoironrsquo (Sanskrit) PLUS unique

ligatures लोखाड [lōkhaṇḍa ] n (लोह S) Iron लोखाडाच चर खावववर or चारर To oppress

grievouslyलोखाडकाम [ lōkhaṇḍakāma ] n Iron work that portion (of a building machine

ampc) which consists of iron 2 The business of an ironsmithलोखाडी [ lōkhaṇḍī ] a (लोखाड)

Composed of iron relating to iron (Marathi)bhaṭa lsquowarriorrsquo (Sanskrit) Rebus baṭa a

kind of iron (Gujarati) Rebus bhaṭa lsquofurnacersquo (Santali) Thus together th ligatured

hieroglyph reads rebus loa bhaṭa lsquoiron furnacersquo

Ligature armed body stature or horned body stature

Sign 8bhaṭa lsquowarriorrsquo (Sanskrit) Rebus baṭa a kind of iron (Gujarati)

Rebus bhaṭa lsquofurnacersquo (Santali) + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus

furnace for a kind of iron

Ligatures two curved lines

Sign 9 Read rebus as for Sign 8 PLUS Ligature hieroglyphs of two curved lines

dula pair Rebus dul cast metal + ()kuṭila lsquobentrsquo CDIAL 3230 kuṭimdash in cmpd

lsquocurversquo kuṭikamdash lsquobentrsquo MBh Rebus kuṭila katthīl = bronze (8 parts copper and 2 parts

tin) [cf āra-kūṭa lsquobrassrsquo (Sanskrit) +bhaṭa lsquowarriorrsquo (Sanskrit) Rebus baṭa a kind of iron

(Gujarati) Rebus bhaṭa lsquofurnacersquo (Santali) + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench

Thus furnace bronze castings

Ligature hieroglyph roof Allograph Sign 10

Sign 5 mūdh ʻ ridge of roof ʼ (Assamese)(CDIAL 10247) Rebus mund iron + kāṭi body

stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace for iron

Ligature hieroglyph flag

Sign 4 koḍi lsquoflagrsquo (Ta)(DEDR 2049) Rebus 1 koḍ lsquoworkshoprsquo (Kuwi) Rebus

2 khŏḍ m lsquopitrsquo khoumlḍuuml f lsquosmall pitrsquo (Kashmiri CDIAL 3947) + kāṭi body stature

Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace workshop

Sign 16dula two Rebus dul cast metal + + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench

+koḍi lsquosummit of mountain (Tamil) Thus furnace for metal casting mēḍu height rising

ground hillock (Kannada) Rebus mẽṛhẽt meḍ lsquoironrsquo (MundaHo) Thus iron metal

casting The ligaured hieroglyph of Sign 11 is a ligature with two mountain peaks

Hence dul meḍ lsquoiron castingrsquo

Ligature hieroglyph paddy plant or sprout

kolmo lsquopaddy plantrsquo Rebus kolami lsquosmithy forgersquo Vikalpa mogge lsquosprout budrsquo

Rebus mu h lsquoingotrsquo (Santali) dolu lsquoplant of shoot heightrsquo Rebus dul lsquocast metalrsquo + kāṭi

body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus furnace smithy or ingot furnace

Ligature hieroglyph three short strokes on a slanted stroke

Signs 23 24 dula two Rebus dul cast metal dhāḷ lsquoa slopersquo lsquoinclination of a planersquo

(G) ḍhāḷiyum = adj sloping inclining (G) Rebus ḍhālako = a large metal

ingot (G) ḍhālakī = a metal heated and poured into a mould a solid piece of metal an

ingot (Gujarati) + kāṭi body stature Rebus fireplace trench Thus ingot furnace for

castings Three short strokes kolom three Rebus kolami smithy forge Thus it is a

place where artisans work with furnace for metal castings

Ligatures Worshipper + rimless pot + scarf (on pigtail)

Signs 45 46 A variant of lsquoadorantrsquo hieroglyph sign is shown with a lsquorimless broad-

mouthed potrsquo which is baṭa read rebusbhaṭa lsquofurnacersquo If the lsquopotrsquo ligature is a phonetic

determinant the gloss for the lsquoadorantrsquo is bhaṭa lsquoworshipperrsquo If the lsquokneelingrsquo posture is

the key hieroglyphic representation the gloss is eragu lsquobowrsquo Rebus erako lsquomoltencast

copperrsquo Thus moltencast copper furnace + dhaṭu m (also dhaṭhu) m lsquoscarfrsquo (Western

Pahari) (CDIAL 6707) Rebus dhatu lsquomineralsrsquo (Santali) Thus Sign 46 read rebus

moltencast copper minerals furnace

Hieroglyphs backbone + four short strokes

Signs 47 48 baraḍo = spine backbone (Tulu) Rebus baran bharat lsquomixed alloysrsquo (5

copper 4 zinc and 1 tin) (Punjabi) +

gaṇḍa lsquofourrsquo Rebus kaṇḍ lsquofire-altarrsquo Thus Sign 48 reads rebus bharat kaṇḍ lsquofire-altarrsquo

furnace for mixed alloy called bharat(copper zinc tin alloy)

lsquoBackbone spinersquo hieroglyph baraḍo = spine backbone the back baraḍo thābaḍavo =

lit to strike on the backbone or back hence to encourage baraḍo bhāre thato = lit to

have a painful backbone ie to do something which will call for a severe beating

(Gujarati)bārṇe bāraṇe = an offering of food to a demon a meal after fasting a breakfast

(Tulu) barada barda birada = a vow (Gujarati)bharaḍo a devotee of Srsquoiva a man of the

bharaḍā caste in the bra_hmanas (Gujarati) baraṛ = name of a caste of jat- around

Bhaṭiṇḍa bararaṇḍā melā = a special fair held in spring (Punjabi) bharāḍ = a religious

service or entertainment performed by a bharāḍi_ consisting of singing the praises of

some idol or god with playing on the daur (drum) and dancing an order of aṭharā

akhāde = 18 gosāyi_ group bharād and bhāratī are two of the 18 orders of gosāyi_

(Marathi)

Division of responsibilities in a janapada बलतदार or बलता (p 567) [ balutēdāra or balutā ]

or तया m (बलत ampc) A public servant of a village entitled to बलत There are twelve distinct from

the regular Governmentofficers पाटील कळकररी ampc viz सतार लोहार महार मााग (These four

constitute पवहली or थोरली कास or वळ the first division Of three of them each is entitled to चार

पाचाद twenty bundles of Holcus or the thrashed corn and the महार to आठ पाचाद) का भार चामहार

परीट नहावी constitute दसरी or मधली कास orवळ and are entitled each to तीन पाचाद भट मलारा

गरव कोळी form वतसरी or धाकटी कास or वळ and have each दोन पाचाद Likewise there are

twelve अलत or supernumerary public claimants viz तली तााबोळी साळी माळी जागम कळवाात

डवऱया ठाकर घडशी तराळ सोनार चौगला Of these the allowance of corn is not settled The

learner must be prepared to meet with other enumerations of the बलतदार (e g पाटील कळ-

कररी चौधरी पोतदार दशपााडया नहावी परीट गरव सतार का भार वसकर जोशी also सतार लोहार

चामहार का भार as constituting the first-class and claiming the largest division of बलत next नहावी

परीट कोळी गरव as constituting the middle class and claiming a subdivision of बलत lastly भट

मलारा सोनार मााग and in the Konkan yet another list) and with other accounts of the

assignments of corn for this and many similar matters originally determined diversely have

undergone the usual influence of time place and ignorance Of the बलतदार in the Indaacutepuacuter

pergunnah the list and description stands thus--First class सतार लोहार चामहार महार

Second परीट का भार नहावी मााग Third सोनार मलारा गरव जोशी कोळी रामोशी in all fourteen

but in no one village are the whole fourteen to be found or traced In the Panḍharpuacuter districts the

order is--पवहली or थोरली वळ (1st class) महार सतार लोहार चामहार दसरी or मधली वळ (2nd

class) परीट का भार नहावी मााग वतसरी or धाकटी वळ (3rd class) कळकररी जोशी गरव पोतदार

twelve बलत and of अलत there are eighteen According to Grant Duff the बलतदार are सतार

लोहार चामहार मााग का भार नहावी परीट गरव जोशी भाट मलारा and the अलत are सोनार जागम

वशापी कोळी तराळ or वसकर माळी डवऱयागोसावी घडशी रामोशी तली तााबोळी गोाधळी In many

villages of Northern Dakhan the महार receives the बलत of the first second and third classes

and consequently besides the महार there are but nine बलतदार The following are the

only अलतदार or नार now to be found--सोनार मााग वशापी भट गोाधळी कोर- ग कोतवाल तराळ

but of the अलतदार amp बलत- दार there is much confused intermixture the अलतदार of one district

being the बलतदार of another and vice versa (The word कास used above in पवहली कास मधयम

कास वतसरी कास requires explanation It means Udder and as the बलतदार are in the

phraseology of endearment or fondling termed वासर (calves) their allotments or divisions are

figured by successive bodies of calves drawing at the कास or under of the गााव under the figure of

a गाय or cow)

Ta kōl stick staff branch arrow Ma kōl staff rod stick arrow Ko kol stick story of funeral

car To kwampidieresissides stick Ka kōl kōlu stick staff arrow Koḍ koliuml stick Tu kōlů

kōlu stick staff Te kōla id arrow long oblong kōlana elongatedness

elongation kōlani elongated Kol (SR) kolā (Kin) kōla stick Nk (Ch) kōl pestle Pa kōl shaft

of arrow Go (A) kōla id kōlā (Tr) a thin twig or stick esp for kindling a fire (W Ph) stick

rod a blade of grass straw (G Mu Ma Ko) kōla handle of plough sickle knife etc

(Voc 988) (ASu) kōlā stick arrow slate-pencil (LuS) kola the handle of an

implement Konḍa kōl big wooden pestle Pe kōl pestle Manḍ kūl id Kui kōḍu

(pl kōṭka) id Kuwi (F) kōlū (pl kōlka) (S Su) kōlu (pl kōlka) id Cf 2240 Ta kōlam (Tu Te

Go) Cf OMar (Master) kōla stick (DEDR 2237)

S Kalyanaraman

Sarasvati Research Centre

May 5 2016