A fresh approach to remote IoT Connectivity

Past Future

Sensors Connectivity

Bandwidth and Processing

New ways to analyze data

Reduction in prices

Massive roll out of IoT Apps

328 milliondevices connected to the internet

per month

Hugegrowth

27.8 - 50 billiondevices connected

by 2020.

Nearly$6 trillion

High costHardware

Analysis of data

M2M applications for specific requirements

Widespread roll out

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Cars

Cities

Health

Industry

Living and Working

In total Machina Research forecast

that there will be 29 billion M2M

connections by 2024, up from

4.5 billion in 2014.

0.5

0.0

1.5

1.0

2.5

2.0

Global cellular M2M connections 2014-2024

Logistics

Automotive

Smart homes

Consumers

GovernmentBusiness

Manufacturing

Energy

1 2 3

Drivers and growth markets

will be spent on IoTsolutions over the next 5 years

Present

Top IoT solutions adopters

Connected Cars

BI Intelligence estimates that 92 million cars shipped globally in 2020

Built with internet-connection hardware

Growing at a five-year compound annual growth rate of 45% — 10 times as fast as the overall car market.

Other

75%

x 10

Consumer devices IoT devices

Distributed deployments in rural areas create additional demand in areas with less infrastructure.

Devices connect on a best-effort basis.Consumers accept the limitations.

Devices use more data less frequently.

Mission critical IoT applications require real-time feedback greater demand for more robust systems with lower latency.

IoT devices generate traffic with different patterns. Often small, regular data use (e.g. a network ping).

Devices are generally located in populated areas (cities, towns etc.)Most cell towers are located in these areas.

Global

When we think of the IoT, we often think of the more consumer focused smart home applications, connected fridges, alarm systems etc. But many IoT applications are located much further afield.

Rural areas (e.g. agriculture, energy, environment)

Remoteapplications

Roaming applications (e.g. connected cars, one of the fastest growing sectors in the IoT)

Mission critical and real time applications(e.g. Industrial IoT and healthcare)

By 2024, in certain network cell sites, Machina Research predicts a data traffic uplift of 97% due to large amounts of connected cars. These peaks have obvious implications for QoS

Cell A Cell B Cell C Cell D

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

Tra

ffic

up

lift

2014 2024

Huge growth in IoT apps

Many different connectivity options, varying levels of standardization

No one option currently provides the technology needed to scale to the massive opportunity offered by the IoT

In the current market, how do I design my devices to be future proofed, especially for mission critical and remote applications?

WifiCellular

LPWA Technologies

Bluetooth Satellite

+

NEW TECHNOLOGY, NEW INFRASTRUCTURE

Multi-IMSI: Multiple independent core networks on the same SIM

Open connectivity is the answer, the connectivity needs to enable remote control and back-up

Cellular applications should avoid dependency on any one connectivity provider

Open application on the SIM to swap between core networks automatically if connection is lost

Avoids dependency on one network infrastructure and provides a “No Single Point of Failure” solution

Platform to enable Over The Air updates to the SIM, remotely controls the roaming profile

New IMSIs can be added OTA to respond to changing market conditions (pricing, roaming agreements...)

Future proofs connectivity as the profile of the SIM can be adapted remotely

Remote device

requirements

Remote and roaming devices are difficult to troubleshoot or maintain. They must be designed to allow remote updates to avoid costly truck rolls and downtime.

Allow interaction with differenttypes of cellular connectivity via

the SIM card (multi-network, multi-IMSI)

Devices should includean STK (SIM Application

Toolkit) and ability to usemulti-IMSI SIMs and receiveOTA messages for remote

configuration

The printed circuit board

design should be compatible

with 3G and 4G modems

even if the current

requirement is only for a 2G modem.

The modem should be compatible with with different connectivity options. For example, non-steered multi-network SIMs are key to avoiding coverage blackspots. To keep connectivity costs

to a minimum, session lengths must be

optimized to allow for data billing increments.

Must accept the correct AT commands OTA to ensure that SIMs can be updated when market conditions change.

Since devices cannot be easily accessed and re-configured,

they should avoid dependency on any one network.

The connectivity should be remotely controlled and access to multiple independent operators

is paramount.

FIRMWARE

STK

HARDWARE

INDEPENDENCE

CONFIGURATION

COMPATIBILITY

EMBEDDED DEVICES

DEVICE DESIGN

MNOs MVNOs

Due to the roaming agreements they have in place, tend to steer data to specific networks, which may not be beneficial in terms of coverage.

Do not generally havethe knowledge of

individual sectors toallow them to make

recommendationsin terms of hardware,firmware or software

development.

Cannot guarantee uptime 100% of the time, network outages can and do happen, which can be disastrous for mission critical IoT applications

Are independent, so they can make agreements with individual networks around the world

Can layer networks on top of one another to provide redundancy and back-up in case of technical or commercial issues

Have a greater understanding of

the vertical sectors in which many of

these applications work and the way devices,

firmware, software need to be configured

Many MVNOs are nowadding their own virtualinfrastructure, softwareand platforms on top of

the network connectivity,providing more control and

future proofing e.g. virtual HLR,multi-IMSI applications on

the SIM, OTA platformfor remote control

Which connectivity partner can provide the best options for future-proofing?

Have their owninfrastructure,

but in terms ofthe IoT this can

be restrictivesince this has

been developedinitially to service

consumer demands

The IoT is everywhere...

ADVANTAGES

Highest throughput

DISADVANTAGES

Spectrum utilization, power requirementsWifi

Bluetooth beacons Low application throughputBluetooth

LPWA

Cellular

No power requirementLow cost

Global coverage, application profile standards

Higher reliability for mission critical applications

CAT 1 and CAT 0 LTE for low cost, and ultimately NB-IoT high range data transfer

Power requirements, coverage “black spots”

Low data throughput

Less reliability for mission critical and real-time applications

Satellite

Breadth of coverage even in areas with limited infrastructure e.g. at sea or in developing countries

Price and interference due to weather conditions

Near range

Near range

Wide range

Global

Ethernet

IoT frameworksmap higher-level protocols, stable service for SLAs, mobile backhaul, security

Limited range, devices don’t work until they have a method of communication with the network

WIRED

WIRELESS

Connectivity Options

Cellular connectivity offers many advantages for remote, roaming and mission critical applications

1- Global nature of cellular infrastructure

2- Defined standards for 2G, 3G, 4G

3- Multi-Network and roaming capability 4- Rapid throughput of data for real time applications

5- Future 3GPP standards (Cat 1, Cat M, NB-IoT) will offer optimized, lower cost connectivity for IoT

Networks are not currently designed to support the growth in traffic forecasted for the IoT

Networks have traditionally been designed to manage mobile traffic from consumer devices. IoT devices put very different demands on the network

Open connectivity requires open devices...

WHY? BUT

Global

+ =

+ =

=

Consumer and IoT device behavior

Cellular connectivity offers many advantages for remote, roaming and mission critical applications

Where do we go from here?Open Connectivity...

Satellite

Applications: Very remote such asat sea or developing countries with no mobile infrastructure

GPRSCellular (GSM, 3G, 4G)Also 3GPP (Cat 1, Cat 0, Cat M, NB-IoT)

Applications: Mission critical such as Industrial IoT, healthcare, Roaming real-time such as Connected Car

LPWAN (LoRaWAN, Neul, Nwave, UNB e.g. Sigfox, Weightless etc.)

Applications:

Utilities, smart cities, smart buildings, consumer, logistics and someagricultural

Wifi, Bluetooth, Thread, Zigbee, Z-Wave

Applications:

Smart Home, intelligent buildings