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Presentation by Dr. Norman Garrick of the University of Connecticut illustrating the concept of shared space and streets as public space. From "After the Mobility Revolution: Rethinking the Future of our American City".
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Shared SpaceFuture Thinking
Place + Transportation Design
Norman W. Garrick
University of Connecticut
An old idea... rediscovered
Shared Spaces is a reconsideration of how urban space is designed
In shared space design, signs, signals, lines play a subordinate role
The idea is that the design governs how the space is used
Storrs, Connecticut, 1950s SubdivisionA design that supports pedestrian use
Rockport, Cape Ann, MassachusettsPedestrians Control, Cars Share
Hans Monderman, Dutch Engineer (1945 – 2008) was inspired by these types of more traditional places in conceptualizing
Shared Spaces
Monderman conceptualized design as being based on
System Time
…. or Context Time, where human behavior prevails
System Time
Traffic Behavior Governs
Single purpose
Regulated
Impersonal
Uniform
Predictable
Context Time
Social Behavior Governs
Multi-functional
Culturally defined
Personal
Diverse
Unpredictable
How We Got Away from Context Time DesignThe Case of Switzerland
Source: Die Disziplinierung Der Stadt Moderner Stadtebau in Zurich 1900 bis 1940 by Daniel Kurz
Traffic Education: The definition of the road, forcing pedestrians to behave.Illustration from the Zurich Traffic manual, which was distributed to all school children in 1927
Automobiles and City Streets
Before the advent of the automobile, the users of city streets were diverse and included
children at play and pedestrians at large.
By 1930, most streets were primarily motor thoroughfares where pedestrians were
condemned as ‘jaywalkers.’
In Fighting Traffic, Peter Norton argues that to accommodate automobiles, the American city required not only a physical change but also a
social one: before the city could be reconstructed for the sake of motorists, its streets had to be socially reconstructed as
places where motorists belonged.
“It was not an evolution, but a bloody and sometimes violent revolution.”
Falsch
Richtig
Examples of Context Time Design
Thanks to the work of Monderman and others, including Ben Hamilton Baillie in the UK
some places are again adopting context time based design
Poynton, UK - Before
Poynton, UK - After
So Why Shared Space?
SaferMore Efficient
Serves wider community needs
Norman W. Garrick
[email protected]/~garrick