Fet 1 intro_to_engineering

Introduction to Introduction to EngineeringEngineering

Engineering IEngineering I

Engineers build bridges.Engineers build bridges. Engineers test structures by loading them Engineers test structures by loading them

to failure.to failure. Engineers design bridges for maximum Engineers design bridges for maximum

strength-to weight ratio.strength-to weight ratio. Unfortunately, all three of these notions Unfortunately, all three of these notions

are quite wrong.are quite wrong.

Engineering IEngineering I The essence of engineering is The essence of engineering is designdesign. . Engineering design entails the application of Engineering design entails the application of math, math,

science, and technologyscience, and technology to create something that to create something that meets a human need. meets a human need.

The engineering design process is, at the same time, The engineering design process is, at the same time, both systematic and creative. both systematic and creative.

And the engineering design process is always And the engineering design process is always iterative: engineers must explore many different iterative: engineers must explore many different alternatives before they can hope to achieve an alternatives before they can hope to achieve an optimum solution. optimum solution.

These are the essential characteristics of engineering.These are the essential characteristics of engineering.


Define Mathematics.Define Mathematics. Define Science.Define Science. Define Technology.Define Technology.


What is Technology?What is Technology? Construct a definition of TechnologyConstruct a definition of Technology

What is an “-ology?”What is an “-ology?” Sociology, Biology, PsychologySociology, Biology, Psychology

So what is good working definition of the So what is good working definition of the word “Technology”?word “Technology”?


How old is technology?How old is technology? Many archaeologists, sociologists believe Many archaeologists, sociologists believe

ONE technology has shaped our society to ONE technology has shaped our society to what it is today. Can you guess what it is?what it is today. Can you guess what it is?

The plow! The plow! What were the societal effects of this What were the societal effects of this

technology?technology? What innovations were made on it?What innovations were made on it?


Our earliest ancestors had to develop Our earliest ancestors had to develop ways to solve problems.ways to solve problems.

The Cave Man……. Look at our teeth.The Cave Man……. Look at our teeth. 1.1. This is not an argument about This is not an argument about

evolution. We make no assumptions evolution. We make no assumptions about the origin of man.about the origin of man.

2. It is a fact that human teeth differ from 2. It is a fact that human teeth differ from that of strict carnivores.that of strict carnivores.


In order to eat we needed to develop tools.In order to eat we needed to develop tools. ToolsTools are the first essential element for all are the first essential element for all

technology systems.technology systems. These tools are made of materials (2nd)These tools are made of materials (2nd) We name eras according to material usageWe name eras according to material usage Stone Age approx. 2,000,000 years ago.Stone Age approx. 2,000,000 years ago. Bronze Age approx. 3000 BCBronze Age approx. 3000 BC Iron Age approx. 1200 BCIron Age approx. 1200 BC


As discussed the Plow came about in As discussed the Plow came about in 8,000 BC8,000 BC

Importance of Agricultural Based tools:Importance of Agricultural Based tools: Plow, Carts, Carriages, Water Wheels.Plow, Carts, Carriages, Water Wheels.

The waterwheel was invented around The waterwheel was invented around 100BC. It was used primarily to grind 100BC. It was used primarily to grind grain for food.grain for food.


Adaptations today resemble turbines spun by Adaptations today resemble turbines spun by the flow of water through a sluice in a dam.the flow of water through a sluice in a dam.

Additional gears and fly wheels were set up to Additional gears and fly wheels were set up to the original waterwheels to spin milling the original waterwheels to spin milling equipment for lumber.equipment for lumber.

Man adapted his tools to satisfy needs.Man adapted his tools to satisfy needs. Can you see the changes these technologies Can you see the changes these technologies

made in the way man lived?made in the way man lived?


Examine a Specific Artifact- Pick one!Examine a Specific Artifact- Pick one! What is it made of?What is it made of? We call these materials resources.We call these materials resources. Natural and Man-made.Natural and Man-made. Renewable, Non-renewable and re-usable. Renewable, Non-renewable and re-usable. What were the affects of this technology?What were the affects of this technology?

How has “drive-thru” technology altered our society?How has “drive-thru” technology altered our society? SO NOW DEFINE TECHNOLOGY!!SO NOW DEFINE TECHNOLOGY!!


ResourcesResources Observations of our Environment (I.e., Observations of our Environment (I.e.,

Laws of Physics, etc.)Laws of Physics, etc.) Applied a processApplied a process Fashioned something (an Artifact)Fashioned something (an Artifact) To satisfy our needsTo satisfy our needs


Technology defined: The study of taking Technology defined: The study of taking resources, applying a process to make things resources, applying a process to make things that satisfy our needs.that satisfy our needs.

Similar to the sciences, technology has a unique Similar to the sciences, technology has a unique academic based body of knowledge. academic based body of knowledge.

However, how do you think technology differs However, how do you think technology differs from “traditional” academic subjects?from “traditional” academic subjects?

Discussion of this definition?Discussion of this definition?


Technology is defined as a system having seven Technology is defined as a system having seven essential elements:essential elements: CapitalCapital EnergyEnergy Resources/MaterialsResources/Materials ToolsTools PeoplePeople Information Information TimeTime


The powers that be have developed the The powers that be have developed the following definition…live it, love it, LEARN following definition…live it, love it, LEARN IT!IT!

Technology: The generation of knowledge Technology: The generation of knowledge and processes to develop systems that and processes to develop systems that solve problems and extend human solve problems and extend human capabilities.capabilities.

Story time: Scientists have observed monkeys in the South Story time: Scientists have observed monkeys in the South American rainforest. These monkeys eat Brazilia Nuts off trees. American rainforest. These monkeys eat Brazilia Nuts off trees. The shell is too hard to bite open. These monkeys have found they The shell is too hard to bite open. These monkeys have found they can use a rock to smash the nut on the ground to open it.can use a rock to smash the nut on the ground to open it.

According to our definition is this Technology?According to our definition is this Technology?



All Technology can be classified into five All Technology can be classified into five general classifications:general classifications:

ConstructionConstruction TransportationTransportation ManufacturingManufacturing CommunicationCommunication Bio-relatedBio-related


Technology is a unique academic discipline that borrows Technology is a unique academic discipline that borrows knowledge and information from all other academic areas:knowledge and information from all other academic areas:

Tech and Science (Nuclear energy plants)Tech and Science (Nuclear energy plants) Tech and Math (The ½ gallon milk jug problem)Tech and Math (The ½ gallon milk jug problem) Tech and Language Arts ($$$ Technical writers)Tech and Language Arts ($$$ Technical writers) Tech and Social Studies (Social responsibility)Tech and Social Studies (Social responsibility) Tech and Foreign Language (Global economy)Tech and Foreign Language (Global economy) Tech and Music (Instruments are tools)Tech and Music (Instruments are tools) Tech and Visual Arts (Escher)Tech and Visual Arts (Escher)


So know lets examine engineering.So know lets examine engineering. Engineering design entails the application of Engineering design entails the application of math, math,

science, and technologyscience, and technology to create something that meets to create something that meets a human need.a human need.

Human need is central.Human need is central.

Engineering IEngineering I Egyptian EngineersEgyptian Engineers

Imhotep: Engineer to King JoserImhotep: Engineer to King Joser Engineers to the Kushite KingsEngineers to the Kushite Kings Pyramids, Dams, and CanalsPyramids, Dams, and Canals

Mesopotamian EngineersMesopotamian Engineers First Canals built by the Sumerians of Southern MesopotamiaFirst Canals built by the Sumerians of Southern Mesopotamia Home and Wall constructionHome and Wall construction Assyrians and iron weaponry and the four wheeled war Assyrians and iron weaponry and the four wheeled war

machine/wagons machine/wagons Aqueducts and paved streets of King Engineer SennacheribAqueducts and paved streets of King Engineer Sennacherib

Greek EngineersGreek Engineers Borrowed concepts of construction from Assyrians and MesopotamiansBorrowed concepts of construction from Assyrians and Mesopotamians 11stst Metal Structure is attributed to the Greeks. Metal Structure is attributed to the Greeks. Golden age engineer Archytas of Taras, pure scientist and engineer.Golden age engineer Archytas of Taras, pure scientist and engineer. Mechanical Brid that flew by compressed air.Mechanical Brid that flew by compressed air.

Engineering IEngineering I Greek Engineers:Greek Engineers:

Hellenistic Greeks were a mixture of Greek and Oriental people.Hellenistic Greeks were a mixture of Greek and Oriental people. Archimedes and the science of hydrostatics was a result of Archimedes and the science of hydrostatics was a result of

Hellenistic Greek.Hellenistic Greek. Roman Engineers:Roman Engineers:

Romans were also adaptive engineers; building off others ideas.Romans were also adaptive engineers; building off others ideas. Most were civil engineers developing roads, bridges, etc.Most were civil engineers developing roads, bridges, etc. Made significant advances in architecture and everyday Made significant advances in architecture and everyday

machinery.machinery. Kingdom of Anatolia Central Indirect HeatingKingdom of Anatolia Central Indirect Heating Discovery of Cement!Discovery of Cement! Use of the waterwheel, trusses and the pendentive.Use of the waterwheel, trusses and the pendentive.

Engineering IEngineering I The Oriental Engineers:The Oriental Engineers:

Centered on religious activities.Centered on religious activities. Indian – Skills with iron worksIndian – Skills with iron works Arabic – Skills with water clocks and waterwheels and the first Arabic – Skills with water clocks and waterwheels and the first

practical windmill.practical windmill. Chinese – Suspension and cable stayed bridges, canals and Chinese – Suspension and cable stayed bridges, canals and

dams.dams. The European Engineers:The European Engineers:

Middle Ages was the height of invention.Middle Ages was the height of invention. Advances in cathedrals..the flying buttressAdvances in cathedrals..the flying buttress 1818thth century advanced hydraulics, canal building. century advanced hydraulics, canal building. Renaissance saw the advent of engineering schools and Renaissance saw the advent of engineering schools and

engineering became a defined discipline.engineering became a defined discipline.


Engineering design entails the application Engineering design entails the application of of math, science, and technologymath, science, and technology to create to create something that meets a human need.something that meets a human need.

Similar to Technology definition.Similar to Technology definition.

Careers in Engineering Careers in Engineering

ABET – The Accreditation Board for Engineering and ABET – The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology.Technology.

Engineering defined as:Engineering defined as: The profession which the knowledge of the The profession which the knowledge of the

mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, experience, and practice, is applied with judgment to experience, and practice, is applied with judgment to develop ways to use, economically, the materials and develop ways to use, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.

Using materials and forces for the good of humankind.Using materials and forces for the good of humankind.


Discipline: A specific area practiced by an engineer.Discipline: A specific area practiced by an engineer. The do overlap.The do overlap. There are several sub-categories under each of the There are several sub-categories under each of the

major headings.major headings. Role: The jobs within the disciplines that are held by Role: The jobs within the disciplines that are held by

engineers.engineers. Research, Inventor, Supervisor, Human Resources, Research, Inventor, Supervisor, Human Resources,

Sales, Financial ManagementSales, Financial Management Example: Degreed Mechanical Engineer that is the Example: Degreed Mechanical Engineer that is the

head of Sales for Ford Motor Corporation.head of Sales for Ford Motor Corporation.


Disciplines:Disciplines: Aerospace: the flight of all kinds of vehicles operating Aerospace: the flight of all kinds of vehicles operating

under different speeds and altitudes.under different speeds and altitudes. Agricultural: all systems and sciences for the Agricultural: all systems and sciences for the

production and processing of agricultural products.production and processing of agricultural products. Architectural: structural integrity, safety and aesthetic Architectural: structural integrity, safety and aesthetic

integrity of structures.integrity of structures. Chemical: the development of processes, and the Chemical: the development of processes, and the

design and operation of plants in which materials design and operation of plants in which materials undergo chemical changes during their manufacture.undergo chemical changes during their manufacture.


Disciplines:Disciplines: Civil: All principalities of communication, Civil: All principalities of communication,

transportation, construction, and manufacturing.transportation, construction, and manufacturing. Electrical: applications of electricity ranging from Electrical: applications of electricity ranging from

electric light, power systems to electronic appliances electric light, power systems to electronic appliances including computer engineers.including computer engineers.

Industrial: the production of manufacturing systems.Industrial: the production of manufacturing systems. Mechanical: machines, production of power, and Mechanical: machines, production of power, and

manufacturing methods.manufacturing methods.


Disciplines:Disciplines: Nuclear: Use and management of nuclear technology.Nuclear: Use and management of nuclear technology. Petroleum: the extraction of liquid and gaseous Petroleum: the extraction of liquid and gaseous

hydrocarbon products from the earth.hydrocarbon products from the earth.

Careers in Engineering Careers in Engineering Assignment:Assignment:

Prepare a PowerPoint PresentationPrepare a PowerPoint Presentation 2 people per team maximum2 people per team maximum 5 slide minimum5 slide minimum 5 related pictures or illustrations5 related pictures or illustrations

Slide one: Title of your discipline, your names, date and school.Slide one: Title of your discipline, your names, date and school. Slide two: Description of the engineering discipline.Slide two: Description of the engineering discipline. Slide three: Educational Preparation including number of years, Slide three: Educational Preparation including number of years,

three Georgia schools offering the degree program, three non-three Georgia schools offering the degree program, three non-Georgia schools offering the degree program.Georgia schools offering the degree program.

Slide four: from Hotjobs.com or Monster.com list three examples Slide four: from Hotjobs.com or Monster.com list three examples of current job openings for this area (DO NOT LIST HEAD of current job openings for this area (DO NOT LIST HEAD HUNTERS AS POTENTIAL EMPLOYERS).HUNTERS AS POTENTIAL EMPLOYERS).

Slide five: Average Georgia Income, Average US Income.Slide five: Average Georgia Income, Average US Income.


Assignment 2Assignment 2 What are your post secondary plans?What are your post secondary plans? List three jobs, tech schools, or colleges that will help List three jobs, tech schools, or colleges that will help

you prepare for your future.you prepare for your future. Obtain an application for one of these and complete it.Obtain an application for one of these and complete it.