The ways in which textile products are manufactured in

industry.

Created By: Charles Boyd Bowman

Techniques and Manufacture

Content• The development systems and their

procedures.• The range of their hands, equipment and

devices used in fabric manufacturing.• CAD/CAM• Production Flowcharts• Quality Control and Top quality Assurance

The production systems and their processes

There are three primary kinds of manufacturing program.

• One-off• Batch• Mass Objectives

•Understand what is meant by one-off, batch, and mass production.•Understand line production and subassembly systems•Consider cost implications when selecting method of production

One-off

• One-off manufacturing is developing and making a single material product to a customer's requirements. The clothing design is designed from a primary prevent design, with a model made from affordable material to test the decorate, fit and set up of the clothing.

One-off Haute-couture fashion: models at London Fashion Week

Task•Look in magazines and cut out pictures to make a collection of designer outfits from catwalk shows. Why are these garments made by one-off production? How much do these clothes and accessories cost to buy?

Group Production

• Team manufacturing is manufacturing set levels of a fabric product to order. The design is designed up in a method dimension from the designed content. The design is analyzed for quality of design and generate, then put into manufacturing in a variety of normal dimensions. The quality of products are different from a set of four cushions created by a designer-maker, to 20,000 jumpers designed for a purchasing area.

Mass production

• Huge manufacturing is industrial-scale production of bulk of items, usually on a manufacturing line. Huge manufacturing is suitable for items that rarely need to be remodeled and are needed in very huge numbers, eg footwear or denims.

Systems and sub-systems In a manufacturing program, a variety of different

developing and manufacturing procedures or sub-systems occur at the same time. Types of sub-systems are:

• Lay-planning is the resting out of design items of a content to work out the amount and cost of content required for an item.

• Costing is working out how much each item expenses in regards to such as components, labor, lease and energy expenses.

Just-in-time stock control (JIT)

This is an affordable method of purchasing elements and sub-assemblies to appear just before they are needed. Stock space for storage time is decreased but any errors and supply will hold manufacturing up.

Summary•Hand-crafted, exclusive products are made individually using the one-off production system.•For a fixed number of identical products, batch production is cost effective.•Mass production usually includes production lines•Subassemblies are made separately before they are joined to the main product.

The range of hand tools, equipment and machines used in textile production.

Objectives•Have an understanding of the variety of machines used in textile manufacture•Appreciate the difference between sewing and the embroidery machines.

Plotter/Cutting machinesComputer systems are used for creating Lay programs which work out exactly where to place each design piece to best use the material. Remember lost material is lost money!A plotter would indicate out the design items and any development guidelines such as darts.A CAM reducing device instantly reduces out the items following the lay plan. It reduces the material easily and perfectly using straight blades, underhand water airplanes or laser treatment. Many levels can be cut out at once which means less labor costs and more efficiencyA Group saw can be used by a experienced owner. It is used for reducing through several levels of material easily. Steel sequence email safety gloves are used to guard the employees arms. 

Sewing machines. These variety from easy devices to ones that do

professional projects such as buttonholes, overlocking material sides or CAD CAM devices that sew out motifs

· Lockstitch –Used for stitching joints (Straight stitch)· Over locker—Stitches, reduces and completes joints in one

process· Seam cover—Used for stitching buckle loops· Automatic buttonhole—Used for stitching buttonholes· CAD/CAM—Multihead embroidering machine

Hand tools and equipmentResources & devices for Designing, coloring and embellishingMeasuring and markingCuttingHeating and pressing Identify and make a list of all the tools and equipment in your textiles classroom

Summary•Appropriate tools and equipment should be selected, used correctly and safely, and stored in the designated place.•A wide variety of tools and equipment are required when designing and making•Efficient and accurate use of tools and equipment will help ensure that high-quality products are made.

Industrial Machinery Below are some of the primary kinds of devices

used in the production of fabric products.

Objectives•Have an understanding of the variety of machines used in textile manufacture•Appreciate the difference between sewing and the embroidery machines.

Digital jet printer Knitting machine Band saw Multi-head embroidery machine

Machinery can be operated by hand, be semi-automatic fully automatic and can also be computer controlled

CAD• USING COMPUTERS TO DESIGN AND PRESENT• Computers are used by developers for:• Writing records and developing show forums, such as

paintings, written text, excel spreadsheets, charts and tables

• Putting together glide show presentations• Digital electronic photography and movie making• Designing and sampling• Supplementing illustrating and coloring with use of

professional style software, e.g. Rate Step.

Objectives•Understand the benefits of using computers in manufacturing.•Appreciate the link between CAD & CAM

PROGRAMMES USED BY DESIGNERS

These include:Microsoft Workplace - Term, Succeed,

PowerPoint, PublisherDrawing offers – Colour, Adobe photo shop,

CorelDrawImage modifying – PhotoshopSpecialist Style application, e.g. Rate Step

DRAWING USING SOFTWARE

• Illustrating application can be used to style, demonstrate and show working sketches. Attracted collections and forms or photography pictures can be brought in and modified, or examined to operate and create concepts. Selections with a range of managing products can be designed from one preliminary idea.

• With some professional application it is possible to get a 3D impact of the style by spinning the style and seeing it from different opinions. The developer can use the computer to imitate hanging and following their every move to create a genuine picture of the style. Also, concepts for different colourways can be examined and a number of printed, knitted or weaved material styles can be trialled on display, to see the impact of each different mixture of color and structure.

USE OF ICT FOR PRESENTATION

The designer can present ideas to the client on screen or printed on to presentation boards, or via e-mail, and then quickly modify them according to client feedback. Promotional material developed from design work can be adapted for use on websites, business stationery and advertising and marketing materials, such as point of sale literature and display posters. Computers make this development of related design work a quicker process

Exam Tips

• Ensure that that you understand the different positions of customers, developers, producers and customers.

• You need to know what a manufacturing plan and time-table are - and the main distinction between them.

• Make sure that you know the main distinction between one-off, group and huge manufacturing.

Production Plan

Production planning• Manufacturing programs and work

programs are essential preparing resources in group and huge production.

• The production strategy should set out details about all the levels of production, so that every method made to the same top quality. See example below: