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SUSTAINABLE PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF SCP: A REVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL AGENDA AND INITIATIVES
Dr. Stefanos Fotiou. Senior Regional Coordinator: Resource Efficiency
Presentation contents
Sustainable Consumption and Production
SCP in the context of economic development
The UNEP approach on SPP
SPP, labelling, trade
Highlights of UNEP work on SPP in the region
Challenges and opportunities for SPP
SCP in the context of economic development
The decoupling challenge
Defining SCP
The creation and use of services and related products, which respond to basic needs and bring a better quality of life while minimising the use of natural resources and toxic materials as well as the emissions of waste and pollutants over the life cycle of the service or product so as not to jeopardise the needs of future generation
Defining SCP
The creation and use of services and related products, which respond to basic needs and bring a better quality of life while minimising the use of natural resources and toxic materials as well as the emissions of waste and pollutants over the life cycle of the service or product so as not to jeopardise the needs of future generation
The life cycle approach
The SCP life cycle approach
The origins of global action on SCP
“The major cause of the continued deterioration of the global environment are the unsustainable patterns of consumption and production, particularly in industrialised countries, which is a matter of grave concern, aggravating poverty and imbalances.”
Agenda 21 (Chap. 4.3), Earth Summit, Rio 1992
Patterns?
Political
Financial
Technological
Behavioural
Market
Combination of Choices
What we need
Strategies Practices Investments
NaturalResources:
Development assets
Change of BAUMobilising Financial Capital
Behavioral Change of Consumption Styles
The UNEP approach on SPP
The consumption conflict
I’d like to end poverty, stop violence and racism,and get rid of pollution.
Everyone should be equal.
I want to dress in the nicest clothes,drive a great car, talk on the latest
mobile phone, and use my brand new DVD
Government procurement
We want to promote environmental conservation and social justice. Give
priority to local products. Be Green!
We have limited financial resources. We must be efficient. We need to buy more for less.
Sustainable Public Procurement
“Sustainable Procurement is a process whereby organisations meet their needs for goods, services, works and utilities in a way that achieves value for money on a whole life basis in terms of generating benefits not only to the organisation, but also to society and the economy, whilst minimising damage to the environment”
International Task force on SPP
SPP: Three focuses
Economic factors include the costs of products and services over their entire life cycle, such as: acquisition, maintenance, operations and end-of-life management costs (including waste disposal) in line with good financial management;
Social factors include social justice and equity; safety and security; human rights and employment conditions;
Environmental factors include emissions to air, land and water, climate change, biodiversity, natural resource use and water scarcity over the whole product life cycle.
UNEP and SPP
To guide countries in the development and application of national SPP policies and action plans.
Policy Framework
Legitimizes actions
Legitimizes actions
Informs the market
Informs the market
Action Plan:
Defines responsibilities
Defines responsibilitiesOutlines stages
of implementation
Outlines stages of
implementation
The UNEP Approach to SPP
Labelling
• Eco-labelling: interface between production and consumption patterns
• Addressing the needs of developing countries:
• Information: access to coherent, credible and clear information about eco-labelling programs, requirements and markets
• Capacity: comprehensive, coordinated and needs-based support to develop sustainable enterprises
• Policy framework: integration in supportive policy framework
SPP and Ecolabelling
Two complementary approaches to stimulate more sustainable products:
SPP: demand
Ecolabels: supply
Strong correlation between the active use of ecolabel and implementation of GPP (EU Green 7).
Example: EU purchase of organic food or California State purchase of certified computers
SPP and Ecolabelling
• Stimulate the demand and supply of better products
• Help consumers make better choices
Combined approaches
of voluntary labelling and SPP
are important
to:
Trade on Environmental goods
The greatest growth potential for environmental goods (EGs) is to be found in developing countries.
China and Brazil in particular have focused on the production and export of EGs as a priority, rapidly becoming market leaders in many areas such as renewable energy.
Combined with increasing environmental awareness internationally, these trends are creating new and dynamic opportunities for trade in EGs
How they get connected
Trade
SPP
Labels
• Creating opportunities for economic growth on the basis of low carbon goods and services
• Government leading by example. Upscaling and mainstreaming sustainable goods and services
• Ensuring the credibility of producer’s claims on the sustainable aspect of the goods and services
Highlights of UNEP work on SPP in the region
UNEP work
Regional level:
Provide training to experts in charge of supporting governments to develop and implement SPP policies
Raise the awareness of policy makers regarding the importance and need for a rapid move to SPP
Explore and discuss modalities of implementation of SPP in Asian countries
New project on SPP and Ecolabeling (regional and national level implementation)
UNEP work
Country level
Seminars on SPP
Provide support for developing SPP policies
Link the work of SPP with eco-labelling and with the work on Education for Sustainable Consumption
Enabling developing countries to seize eco-label opportunities through capacity building and technical assistance for industries and governments in developing economies
Sustainable Public Procurement Initiative (SPPI)
Bringing together representatives from governments, local authorities, business sector and civil society interested in collectively promoting the supply and demand of sustainable products through SPP
SPPI overview
SPPI members
BigRoom ChileCompra (Chile) Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
- DEFRA (United Kingdom) Ecoinstitut Barcelona Economic and Monetary Union of West Africa –
UEMOA Environmental Development Center of Ministry of
Environmental Protection – MEP (China) Forest Stewardship Council – FSC International Green Purchasing Network – IGPN Green Purchasing Network of India – GPNI
SPPI members
Green Purchasing Network of Malaysia – GPNM ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability Institut de l’Energie et de l’Environnement De la
Francophonie - IEPF Institut des Finances Basil Fuleihan (Lebanon) Instituto Nacional de Contratación Pública – INCOP
(Ecuador) International Green Purchasing Network – IGPN International Institute for Sustainable Development – IISD International Training Centre of the International Labour
Organization – ITC-ILO Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute –
KEITI
SPPI members
Ministerio de Ambiente, Energía y Telecomunicaciones (Costa Rica)
Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible (Colombia)
Ministério do Meio Ambiente (Brazil)
Ministry of Environment (Denmark)
inistry of Economic Development (New Zealand)
Organization of American States – OAS
Procurement Policy Office, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (Mauritius)
Swedish Environmental Management Council – SEMCo
Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (Switzerland)
United Nations Development Programme/Procurement Capacity Development Centre – UNDP/PCDC
United Nations Environment Programme
United Nations Office for Project Services – UNOPS
African Development Bank – AfDB (OBSERVER)
SPPEL Project
Duration: 2013 – 2016
Approach:
National: 13 countries
Regional: ConoSur of LAC and ASEAN
Funding: European Union, Republic of Korea and China
Implementation: UNEP with national and regional partners
13 countries out of a list of 19 countries* located in the Southern Cone, Asia (ASEAN), Africa and Europe
* Core countries: Brazil, Colombia, thePhilippines, Vietnam
* Other countries: Ecuador, Nicaragua, Peru,Panama, Uruguay, Colombia, Costa Rica,Chile, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Morocco,Mauritius, Cote d’Ivoire, Kenya, South Africaand Ukraine
SPPEL Project: Geographical scope
SPPEL Methodology
• Regional cooperation on SPP and EL
• framework for harmonization of ecolabels
Regional Component
• Core countries (with type I ecolabel) : integrated implementation of SPP and EL
• Other countries: implementation of SPP/GPP
National Component
• Knowledge Management Centre
• Communicationstrategy
• Dissemination and Outreach
Communication and Outreach
SPPELL National Level
Core Countries with ISO type I ecolabels (4
countries)
Project Set-Up and Governance
SPP Approach Implementation in integration with ecolabel:
- Assessment, Review and Prioritization
- Strategic Planning and Action Plan
- Implementation of SPP
Strengthening of ecolabel:
- GEN and GENICES accreditation
- Marketing of the ecolabel
Technical assistance to SMEs to meet SPP and EL criteria
Other countries (at least 9 countries)
Project Set-Up and Governance
SPP Approach Implementation:
- Assessment, Review and Prioritization
- Strategic Planning and Action Plan
- Implementation of SPP
SPPEL Regional Level
Two regions:
Southern Cone (South America)
ASEAN
What:
Regional collaboration on voluntary standards and labels
Sharing experiences and common learning on SPP/GPP implementation
ASEAN+3 GPPEL project
Objectives:
strengthening SPP and ecolabelling (EL) in the ASEAN region, based on the expertise of China, Japan and South Korea in the combined use of SPP and ecolabelling ;
enhancing South-South collaboration on those topics;
ensuring a broad and effective participation of ASEAN+3 countries in the SPPI activities.
Founded by China and Republic of Korea
ASEAN+3 GPPEL project
Activities
ASEAN+3 network of GPP and EL experts and policy makers
Development of ASEAN case studies on GPP and ecolabelling implementation
Sharing of GPP and ecolabelling knowledge through a regional capacity building scheme
Improvement of the performance of GPP policies and EL schemes through the establishment of regional workgroups coordinated with the SPPI groups
SWITCH-Asia Regional Policy Support Component (RPSC)
The overall objective of the Policy Support Component is to strengthen national and regional policy frameworks to promote the shift towards more sustainable consumption and production patterns and resource efficiency, thereby contributing to green growth and reduction of poverty in Asian countries and assisting countries in achieving the MDGs.
SWITCH-Asia RPSC is funded by the European Union and UNEP
Specific Objectives
Create an enabling environment to strengthen or initiate policies helping to mainstream SCP and RE in regional sub-regional and national development programmes.To assist stakeholders in the project countries (government, private sector, civil society), in designing and implementing specific policy-oriented activities to shift towards Sustainable Consumption and Production.
SWITCH-Asia RPSC implementation cycle
SWITCH-Asia RPSC and SPP
Some other important work
Green Purchasing Network (with regional and national charters)
International Institute on Sustainable Development (study on SPP and eco labels)
Institute of Global Environmental Studies (work on SPP and lifestyles)
SCP4LCE project (managed by GIZ)
SCP4LCE project
Sustainable Consumption and Production for Low Carbon Economy – Low Emissions Public Procurement and Eco-Labeling (SCP4LCE)
June 2012 – June 2015
funded by BMU.implemented by
SCP4LCE objectives
To expand existing eco-labels in Thailand and in selected countries in Southeast Asia to cover climate protection criteria
To strengthen Green Public Procurement in Thailand
To cooperate with other selected countries in South East Asia regarding Green Public Procurement and harmonization of eco-labels
Some observations from Asia Pacific
Some good work in selected countries on the use of 3R for SPP (mainly with paper, plastic)
SPP becomes a government focus (example: the “Presidential decree 54” in Indonesia that includes SPP)
There are so many (literally hundreds) of tools on SPP and each country develops its own tools
Some observations from Asia Pacific
There are also literally hundreds of available eco-or green labels (national, regional, international) available to the industry
Challenges and opportunities
Challenges
SPP is mainly on a infant state
in most countries
The current global
financial uncertainty
Too many tools and too many labels and so little coordination
Global trade agreements might be an
obstacle
Opportunities
SPP is good for
businesses
The potential of international
trade is huge
The trend towards
SPP
SPP can helps to increase
GDP
How to play a central role on SPP in Asia-Pacific
• Set national measurable SPP targets
Leading by example
• Demonstrate the business case for SPP
Leading by innovation
• Facilitate regional networking on SPP
Leading by knowledge
• Steer regional policy dialogue on SPP
Leading by policy
Final notes
1. Very big need for mutual recognition and acceptance of eco-
labels in sub-regional at least level
2. Governments’ Role –buying ‘green’: leading
by example will definitely accelerate in
promoting Green Purchasing
3. A comprehensive institutional framework
at the country level with regional coordination is
definitely needed to mainstream SPP
