Hawaiian Music

From Traditional Chants to Contemporary

Hawaiian IslandMusic

The Change From Hawaiian Chants To Contemporary Music

Picture Taken November 2012

Project By: Rachael Paul

• There are 8 Hawaiian Islands: Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Kahoolawe, Maui, Hawaii

• The Hawaiian language has 12 Letters in its alphabet

• The letters in the alphabet are: • E, O, U, A, I, H, K, L, M, N, P, W• Crazy names like: LikeLike, Kailua,

Kaneohe, Honolulu. Kamehameha, WaikuluPicture Taken February 2013

Basic Hawaiian Information

Foreign Changes On

The Hawaiian Islands

Picture Taken February 2013

• The first Westerners to the Hawaiian islands was in 1778 by Captain James Cook• They were the very first to observe the Polynesian culture of the Hawaiians. • Cook was killed by the islanders, but it was his published journal that made other Westerners aware of the Hawaiian islands• Once the islands were full discovered other explorers from Russia, Britain, France, American and others came to experiences them as well (Contact)

The First Westerners To The Hawaiian Islands

Picture Taken August 2012

Foreign Influences• After the death of Kamehameha religious and trading customs changed• “Kapu, or ritual restrictions that governed many aspects of social behavior,” changed giving other social and religious opportunities to take over. • In 1820, American Protestant Missionaries became present to the islands bringing Christianity. • They began to record the language and change from oral teachings to written information• Missionaries eventually controlled the economy of the islands and eventually the political power of the island•The economic trading to the islands eventually made the islanders dependent on foreign products which made them break away from their Hawaiian traditions and culture (Contact)

Picture Taken August 2012

Oral Tradition Of Hawaiian Music: Chants

• There are two basic chants: the mele oli and the mele hula• The mele oli is usually sang by an individual who uses a single instrument• The mele hula an individual dancer or dancers and accompanied with an instrument or instruments• Chants are sang in the Hawaiian language only (Fullard-Leo) •”Though ancient chants, or mele, had little of what Westerners would recognize as melody, they were arranged in complex and changing rhythms, and chanters cultivated distinctive voice styles (Engledow).”• Used in ancient times to celebrate a birth of a child, death of a loved one, and celebration to the earth or individual (Engledow).

• “Chanting was a ritual in ancient Hawaii as a means of preserving history, honoring deities and organizing genealogies. Chanting can be heard today either, stand alone set to music, or accompanied by an ipu (gourd drum) or pahu (sharkskin drum) (Hawaiian).”• Conch Shells were also used in Hawaiian Chants. Also called, pu (Contact)

Chant Musical Instruments

Picture Taken August 2012

Picture Taken August 2012

Hawaiian Mele Oli Chant

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RwDD8rFFFsw

• Music Example 1: Oli Aloha•Greeting Chant (Oli)

• The oli is a chant to welcome someone or greet an audience

Hawaiian Mele Hula Chant•Music Example 2: The Ne Mele Hula Ohana •Performed By: The Men of Ka Moani Hali Ala O’Puna and The Ladies of Ka Ua Lei Ma Ohu (The Men)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PL1DAF79435A0C534B&v=W2RwwcVbmGI&feature=player_detailpage

•The song is a reflection of the, “illegal overthrow of the Hawaiian government and the plundering of Hawaiian land (The Men).”

Picture Taken August 2012

Unrepresented Hawaiian Music

• With religious influences from immigrants to the islands the use of the Hawaiian language and chants were forbidden in 1896 in public schools, which soon began to diminish the music style of chanting. • Later on in the 19th century Hawaiian music was encouraged to express Hawaiian pride. Although Hawaiian styles of music began to have a comeback many chants had been lost, which paved the way for the traditional style of Hawaiian music. • “Many of the old chants have already been lost forever (Fullard- Leo)”

Picture Taken August 2012

The Beginning Of Traditional Music

• The traditional style of Hawaiian music is sung in the Hawaiian language only, but is accompanied by either a single instrument or many instruments. • Instruments used to go with traditional styles of Hawaiian music are the slack-key guitar, steel guitar, or ukulele. (Hawaiian)

Picture Taken August 2012

Introduced Instruments To Hawaiian Music

•The ukulele is the most famous instrument known when thinking about Hawaiian music. The ukulele which is, “a small four-stringed guitar”, was introduced in 1879 by Portuguese immigrants (Engledow). • This instrument was found to be King Kalakaua’s favorite and became even more popular as Hawaiian music progressed through time (Engledow).

Picture Taken August 2012

Traditional Hawaiian Music

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nqj_mtdpV-o

Music Example 3: Performed By: Bill Kaiwa (Kaiwa)

Picture Taken August 2012

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3A7CslOk0Y

Traditional Hawaiian Music

Music Example 4:Performed By: Makalina (Hawaiian Dance)

Picture Taken August 2012

Contemporary Hawaiian Music Comes To Life

• Foreign influences have changed the style of Hawaiian music from chants to traditional and now contemporary• New instruments have given Hawaiian music a new sounds and styles to incorporate• Other styles of music such as Jazz, Country, Gospel, and Rock and Roll are all types of music in which helped influence Contemporary music in the Islands• Contemporary Hawaiian Music is when the songs are sung in both English and Hawaiian but still have the traditional themes (Hawaiian).

Picture Taken August 2012

Monarchy Influence On Music

•The Hawaiian Royal family was considered to be musically gifted and were part of the influence of contemporary music• “They composed songs that mixed the emotions of Hawaii with the melodic tunes of Europe, producing a body of popular songs that are still favorites today (Hawaiian Music).” • One of the first songs to be considered contemporary was, Aloha O’e, which was written by Queen Liliuokalani in the late 19th century, “Aloha O’e, perhaps the best- known Hawaiian song in the world (Engledow).”

Queen Liliuokalani

Picture Taken August 2012

Contemporary Music

•

•In the mid-1970’s Hawaiian music, “graduated from the ‘little grass shack’ to the hapa haole novelty tune and began to include sophisticated jazz, rock, and contemporary rhythms (Hawaiian Music).” Even sounds of Jamaican influence can be heard today in contemporary Hawaiian music.

• Music Example 5 • Preformed By: Country Comfort•Title: Pretty Girl (Country)•https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nYBQKflNOVk •This style combines the steel guitar instrument and country elements together

Picture Taken November 2012

HAWAIIAN ROLLERCOASTER

RIDE •Music Example 6•Preformed By: Mark Keali'i Ho'omalu, and Kamehameha Schools Children's Chorus. ChaCha!•Titled: Hawaiian Rollercoaster Ride (Mark)• From the Movie: Lilo & Stitch•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXpB1rixnPQ

Picture Taken November 2012

Underrepresented Hawaiian

Culture• The Hawaiian culture has been underrepresented in music from the moment Westerners set foot on the islands•Westerners changed the oral tradition of Hawaiian music • Hawaiian Music began to be sung in English and ventured away from the Hawaiian language• Traditional instruments are no longer used, such as sharkskin drum or conch shell

Picture Taken November 2012

ALL FOR THE MONEY!!!Only For Commercial

Use

• The Contemporary Hawaiian styles of music produced in today's world are not to represent Hawaiian Islanders as a culture or people but as a use for commercial sales.• Most people do not hear Hawaiian music in general except when watching a Hawaiian movie or are in fact on vacation in the Hawaiian Islands themselves • Do you hear it in the mall or on the radio?.... I didn’t think so

•The Only insistences you can experience chant and traditional Hawaiian music is through luaus or Polynesian Cultural Centers

Picture Taken November 2012

Famous Hawaiian Musicians

The Brothers Cazimero

• Robert and Roland Cazimero• Started their musical careers about 34 years ago•They were inducted into the Hawaiian Music Hall Of Fame in 2006•Both have received individual awards as solo musicians (O’Connell)

•Music Example 7•Preformed By: The Brothers Cazimero•Title: Pua Lilia (The Brothers)•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vzaNstFQhys

Picture Taken November 2012

Na Leo Pilimehana• Singers: Nalani Choy, Lehua Kalima Heine and Angela Morales•All friends since grade school• Their first hit was, Local Boys, in 1984•Have received over 20 Na Hoku music awards•In 1985, “ Local Boys, became the best selling single in Hawaiian history (O’Connell)”

Translated as: “"voices blending together in warmth"

•Was the first Hawaiian band to headline at Hollywood’s House of Blues

•Music Example 8•Artist: Na Leo Pilimehana•Title: Do The Hula (Na)•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEudIwHt_NQ

Picture Taken April 2013

Don Ho• Singing career began in the 1950’s• He preformed at a restaurant and lounge that his mother owned on the Hawaiian island of Oahu •Famous for the songs Tiny Bubbles and I’ll Remember You •His album The Don Ho Show was released in 1965• He eventually took his musical talents to a New York and Las Vegas (O’Connell) •Music Example 9•Artist: Don Ho•Title: Tiny Bubbles (Don)•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlCiDEXuxxA

Picture Taken April 2013

Kealii Reichel• First album released in 1994• First album, was called, Kawaipunahele•His first album made his a Grammy nominee, received a Na Hoku music award, and dominated Hawaiian Radio (O’Connell)

•Music Example 10•Artist: Kealii Reichel•Title: O E Mai (Natural)•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yF--

KHdqanI

Picture Taken April 2013

Israel “Iz” Kaanaoi Kamakawiwoole

Music Example 11Artist: Israel “Iz” Kaanaoi KamakawiwooleTitle: White Sandy Beach Of Hawaii (Official)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yoRpWEE-E0Q

•His first album Facing Future sold over million copies in the US in 2005• One of his most famous songs was a remake of, Somewhere Over the Rainbow (O’Connell).

BibliographyText Information:

Contact To Mahele (1778-1848) . HawaiiHistory.org, 2008. Web. 5 Aug. 2013. http://www.hawaiihistory.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=ig.page&PageID=358

Engledow, Jill. "Island Life 101: A Newcomer's Guild to Hawaii." Maui Island Press: Books that give you an insider's view of Hawaii. Maui Island Press, 2013. Web. 10 July 2013.

http://www.mauiislandpress.com/Sample_Island_Life_101.html .

Fullard- Leo, Betty. Mele of Antiquity. Coffee Times, 2006. Web. 10 July 2013. http://www.coffeetimes.com/sept97.htm . Hawaiian Music. To-Hawaii.com, 2006. Web. 10 July 2013. http://www.to-hawaii.com/hawaiian-music.php .

Hawaiian Music: Traditional & Contemporary. alternatitivehawaii.com, 2011. Web. 10 July 2013. http://www.alternative-hawaii.com/hacul/music.htm .

O'Connell, Maureen. Top 5 favorite Hawaii music artists (ever): HAWAII Magazine Facebook poll results . Hawaiian Magazine. Com, 8 Feb. 2012. Web. 5 Aug. 2013.

http://www.hawaiimagazine.com/blogs/hawaii_today/2012/2/8/Hawaii_music/5

The Men of Ka Moani Hali Ala O’Puna, and The Ladies of Ka Ua Lei Ma Ohu, perf. Ne Mele Hula Ohana. YouTube, 2008. Web. 10 July 2013.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PL1DAF79435A0C534B&v=W2RwwcVbmGI&feature=player_detailpage .

BibliographyMusic Examples:The Men of Ka Moani Hali Ala O’Puna, and The Ladies of Ka Ua Lei Ma Ohu, perf. Ne

Mele Hula Ohana. YouTube, 2008. Web. 5 August 2013. https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PL1DAF79435A0C534B&v=W2RwwcVbmGI&feature=player_detailpage .

Kaiwa, Bill, perf. Hawaiian Sunrise with Hawaiian Music. 2007. YouTube. Web. 5 August 2013.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nqj_mtdpV-o .Mark Keali'i Ho'omalu, and Kamehameha Schools Children's Chorus. ChaCha!, perf.

Lilo & Stitch: Hawaiian Roller Coaster Ride. 2010. YouTube. Web. 5 August 2013. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXpB1rixnPQ .

Oli Aloha. YouTube, 2011. Web. 5 Aug. 2013. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RwDD8rFFFsw

Hawaiian Dance and Music Instruments. 2008. YouTube. Web. 5 Aug. 2013. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3A7CslOk0Y

Country Comfort- Pretty Girl. 1970. YouTube, 2008. Web. 5 Aug. 2013. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nYBQKflNOVk .

The Brothers Cazimero "Pua Lilia". 2002. YouTube, 2007. Web. 5 Aug. 2013. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vzaNstFQhys .

Na Leo sings Do The Hula on the Beach . 2009. YouTube. Web. 5 Aug. 2013. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEudIwHt_NQ . D

Don Ho sings "Tiny Bubbles". YouTube. Web. 5 Aug. 2013. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlCiDEXuxxA

Natural Beauty of Hawaii- Eo Mai. 2008. YouTube. Web. 5 Aug. 2013. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yF--KHdqanI .

OFFICIAL Israel "IZ" Kamakawiwoʻole . 2010. YouTube. Web. 5 Aug. 2013. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yoRpWEE-E0Q .