Livestock & Dairy

Development in

Balochistan prospects

and initiatives

Tariq Masood Choudhry,

Prospects

Animal Health

Genetic Improvement

Veterinary Education

Food Security

Poverty Alleviation

Plans /Initiatives

Prevention and Control of Animal Diseases.

Eradication of Viral Diseases.

Awareness about Zoonotic Diseases

Conservation & Genetic improvement of Pure Breeds

Development of Dairy Industry

Promotion of Poultry farming

Research & Evaluation in livestock sector

Women Empowerment through :

Rural Poultry Production,

Veterinary Services

Para Veterinary Courses and Training

First Veterinary Unit was established by the BritishEmpire, in 1884 at Tehsil Duki

Thereafter, Veterinary Units / Dispensaries wereestablished at Barkhan, Duki and Pishin in 1904, thename of the Department was Civil VeterinaryDepartment. Which was administered through Directorresiding at Bombay (India) with Deputy Director forSindh and Balochistan at Karachi

Rapid Development was started in 1958, 1st five-yearplan was implemented for establishing poultry, sheep,goats and cattle farms. Disease diagnostic facility andanimal health coverage was started at mass scale. Asa result number of livestock were increased rapidly.

During 1982-85, 1000 Friesian Cows were imported fromDenmark for increasing Milk Production in the areathrough ADB Loan.

History of Livestock Balochistan

History of Livestock Census

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Year 1955 Year 1972 Year 1976 Year 1986 Year 1996 Year 2006 Year 2013

2.615.48

9.1612.67

23.68

27.12

33.2

LIVESTOCK HEAD IN BALOCHISTAN SINCE 1955 (M)

Land of Balochistan

Best for goat, sheep and camel rearing

Rangelands 93% (40% grazing area

53% Barren)

Fair to Good Grazing area is 28%

Balochistan, ecologically arid & semi

arid.

Livestock is financial security.

Livestock Rearing Systems are

Nomadic, Sedentary & Transhumant.

Animal Production Systems in Balochistan

Sedentary

• Have single base

• No seasonal movement

• Possess land for agriculture and have common grazing lands around villages

• Mostly practiced in plain areas of the Balochistan

Transhumant

• Have permanent base, however, migrate during cold weather from hilly areas to plains

• Possess land for agriculture in their permanent base/area

Nomads

• Have no permanent base

• No possession of agricultural land

• Movement through out year for the search of grazing from hilly areas to plain and vice versa

Rangelands of Balochistan

Total rangelands of Pakistan: 52.2 million hectare

Rangelands in Balochistan: 27.4 million (50%)

Rangelands of Balochistan

Excellent to Very Good (250 to 280 Kg/Ha)

L E G E N D

}Very Good to Good (200 to 240 Kg/Ha)

Good to Fair (170t o 190 Kg/Ha)

Poor to Fair (60 to 160 Kg/Ha)

Poor (30 to 50 Kg/Ha)

Non-grazable (<30 Kg/Ha)

Land distribution of Balochistan

Agri/Forest

7%

Barren

53%

Ranges

40%

Rangelands of Balochistan

Rangelands of Balochistan

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%

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%

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%

%Sibi

Ka la t

Ko hlu

Utha l

Turba t (Kech) Awa ran

Qu etta

Pishin

Kh aran

Ziara t

Nushki(C hag ai)

Dha dar(Kach hi)

Kh uzdar

Pa njgur

Lora lai

Mastu ng

Dera Bu gti

Qila Abd ulla hQila Saifu llah

D.M . Jam ali

(Nasiraba d)

Gw ada r

Zhob

N

(Mean Annual Rainfall)B a l o c h i s t a n P r o v i n c e

Scale: - 1:7 ,00 0,0 00

Precipitat io n

> 50

50 - 100

100 - 15 0

150 - 20 0

200 - 25 0

250 - 30 0

300 - 35 0

Dist ric t Bou nd arie s

% Dist ric t H ead qu arters

L E G E N D

100 0 100 200 Kilom eters

Precipitat io n

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

Source : Meteorological Department

Livestock Potential of Balochistan

Province has

48% of Sheep Population of the Country

22% of Goat population of the Country.

41% of Camel population of the Country

Balochistan Drought Master (First Ever Beef Breed of the Country)

Friesians Cows, acclimatized and reared in cold areas showing excellent performance for milk production.

Livestock Census Balochistan

Animal

species

Livestock

Census

Pakistan

2006 census

Balochistan

Actual

Percentage of

Livestock

Balochistan

2013 census

Balochistan

(Projected)

Growth %

Sheep 26.49 12.80 48 % 14.50 1.8%

Goat 53.79 11.78 22 % 14.09 2.6%

Cattle 29.56 2.25 8 % 3.57 6.8%

Buffalos 27.33 0.320 1 % 0.62 9.9%

Camel 0.92 0.380 41 % 0.42 1.5%

Total 138.09 27.54 20.01 33.20 11.27

In Millions

Present Status of Livestock

Animal species

2013 census

Balochistan

(Projected)

Estimated

Average Rate

Per Head in

Rupees

Economics

(Estimated) in

Billion PKR

Sheep 14.50 7000 99.75

Goat 14.09 7000 96.18

Cattle 3.57 45,000 150.30

Buffaloes 0.62 50000 28.00

Camel 0.42 48,000 20.16

Total 33.20 394.39

Dairy Industry

Total Cattle Population in Province is 2.93

million (8%)

Smallholder dairy production accounts for

over 70 to 80% of the total milk production

An estimated 84% of total milk production

is consumed in raw form, whereas 16% is

processed indigenously

During 1982-85, 1000 Friesian Cows were

imported from Denmark for increasing

Milk Production

Mutton Industry (Sheep and Goat)

Significant portion of sheep population i.e.

12, 804,217 (48 %) of the country

Goats- 11,784,711 (22 %) of the country

Meat is palatable with unique taste having

high value in gulf region

Sheep and Goat are high potential enterprises

for meat export.

Beef Production

Meat from Local Breeds including Bhag-Nari has Good export potential.

The production can be stimulated if international market is searched.

The Newly evolved Beef Breed (BNM) will be propagated in low lands.

Beef industry will generate employment & improve socio-economic conditions.

Camel Production

Total Camel Population in Province 0.42

million (41% of the Country)

Good potential for camel rearing on Arid

and Semi Arid Land

Can survive, produce & reproduce on low

quality forage

They are source of milk and meat, which

is consumed locally.

Milk of Camel has high medicinal value

CAMELEco-system of Balochistan support for camel survival and production.Many breeds, like Kharani, Kohi, Raigi, Lassi, and Jathansaletc are present in Balochistan.

We have deserts’ camel, plain lands’ camel andmountainous’ camel,

Like Kohe Suleiman for mountainous camel (Kohi)Pat of Kachhi region for JathansalRakhshan for Kharani camelKakar Khurasan for Raigi camel

The pastoral people of the region depend on camel milk in harsh andhostile environment where other domestic species even hard tosurvive.

Camel produces milk in the dry seasons with a very low input system.

The region masses one of the highest milk yielding camel breed calledas Kharani which is well known globally. Unfortunately, camel rearingculture is under threat because of many sad man made situations.

Poultry Industry

Commercial Poultry, Broiler & Layer

farming is progressing.

Rural Poultry is being reared by Rural

women which still needs attention of the

government

This industry is gender based involving

women in rearing poultry birds

Contribution of Livestock Sector in

Provincial Economy

Vegetable, 12%

Fisheries, 1%

Livestock,

47%Field Crops, 14%

Fruit crops, 26%

Contribution of Livestock Sector

Contribution of Livestock Sector Balochistan to National GDPis 11% and in Agriculture GDP is 55%. even Balochistan, isecologically arid and semi arid province It’s contribution tothe economy of Balochistan is more than 47%

Livestock Sector Contributes /provides Milk, mutton, beef,chicken, eggs, cream, butter, cheese, yogurt, Desi ghee, rawmaterial for the production of many vital medicine, likegelatin, guts and blood, also provide raw material to leatherindustry, wool industry, manure not only for agriculturepurposes but also for biogas (Energy) production.

It contribute in earning livelihood for million of the peoplefrom private business of poultry, dairy and sheep/goatraising.

Animal is a mobile bank for the Livestock Farmers. Livestockis considered to be a financial security in case of crop failure

Land of opportunities

Natural resources

Oil, Gas, Minerals

Livestock

Orchids and Agriculture

Departmental Set up

Directorate General

Directorate of Research and Supplies

Directorate of Farms & Feed Resources

Directorate of Animal Health, ProductionExtension

Divisional Directors (6)

Directorate of ResearchLivestock Research has multifold task, including conservation of

breeds, animal genetics, breeding and biological research etc.

Beef Production Research Centre Sibi.

Multipurpose Sheep Research Station Yet-abad, (Balochi, Bevregh, Rukhshni and Harnai).

Karakul Sheep Breeding Farm Maslakh.

Cross Bred, Farm, Turbat (Sahiwal x Friesian)

Cross Bred, Farm, Kharan (Sahiwal x Friesian)

Cross Bred, Farm, Dera Bugti (Sahiwal x Friesian)

Poultry Farms at Dera Bugti, Ziarat, Kalat , Turbat

and Kharan

Rural Poultry Development

Wool Research Centre Mastung

Achievement of Research Wing

Balochistan Nari Master

First ever Beef-Breed in Pakistan developed at

Beef Research Center Sibi, after 20 years of

research through a Cross of Australian Drought

Master Cattle and Baghnari Cattle. The F-3

Generation of this breed has been developed.

1. Balochistan Nari Master

2. Chiltan & Zarghoon Sheep

Development of New Breeds

Balochistan Nari Master (BNM)Drought MasterBhag Nari

Nari Master

Chiltan & Zarghoon Sheep

At Karakul Sheep Research Station Maslekh a cross breed

of sheep i.e. Chilton & Zarghoon developed by crossing

of Balochi x Karakul & Rakshani x Karakul sheep

Balochi

Directorate of Farms & Feed

Resources

Government Poultry Farms 12

Government Dairy Farms 10

Government Cattle Farms 02

Feed Analysis Lab 01

Small Scale Feed Mill 01

Directorate of Animal

Health & Production Extension

Veterinary Services throughout the provinceincluding Treatment, Vaccination and Ecto -Endo Parasite control

Animal Breeding Program through ArtificialInsemination

Production of quality Semen

To Combat with zoonotic diseases like CongoFever, Avian Influenza Tuberculoses ,Rabies, and Brucellosis

Directorate of Animal Health &

Production Extension

Semen Production unit at Quetta

Animal Science Institute, Quetta

Disease Investigation Laboratory

Civil Veterinary Hospitals (110 Nos.)

Civil Veterinary Dispensaries (841 Nos.)

Artificial Insemination Centers (64 Nos.)

Veterinary Services provided 2013-14

Animal treated = (5.153) Million

Vaccinated = (6.388) Million

A.I Services Provided = (12875)

(Artificial Insemination)

Trainings provided = (1552)

Development Schemes (PSDP-Ongoing)

S.# Name of the SchemeApp.

Cost

All.

2014-15

Rel.

2014-15Progress

1)

Provision of Modern

Health Equipment at

Six veterinary

hospitals

65.290 5.00 0.00

Rs. 28.290 million

was expended

(Revised PC-1 has

been submitted for

approval)

2)

Construction of

Research Centre for

Dairy Development at

Lasbela.

61.437 5.00 0.00

Rs. 13.731 million

was expended over

construction,

3)

Completion of in

Complete Scheme

(Construction of

Veterinary Hospitals)

500.00 90.00 0.00

Rs. 372.217 millions

were released to

C&W department

during 2013-14.

completion report of

completed schemes

are still awaited

Rs. In Million

Parallel Line Projects (Funded and Executed by World Bank and FAO)

Progressive Control of Foot and Mouth

Disease throughout Pakistan (FAO) [Vaccination against FMD, Trainings and Sampling

and Serotyping are in progress]

Control of PPR (Peste des Petits) disease in Sheep and

Goat (FAO) [Training, Vaccination, and Sero-Surveillance]

New Proposed Schemes for PSDP 2015-16

S.# Name of the Scheme Est. Cost

1Establishment of Livestock Market at Zhob, Khuzdar, Turbat,

Sibi, Jaffarabad and Killa-Abdullah262.68

2 Milking Machine for all Dairy Farms in the province 45.00

3 Mobile Animal Health Services in Balochistan 175.00

4Poverty Alleviation Program through Sustainable Rural Poultry

Support in Balochistan260.00

5Establishment of Livestock Training Institute at Divisional

Level. 837.00

6 Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) Control Program 195.00

7 Establishment Semen Production at Sibi 17.50

Rs. In Million

ISSUES

Low Priority in Provincial PSDP

Lack of Facilities to combat emergency

disasters like Drought, Floods, Zoonotic

Diseases etc.

Service Structure (Slow Promotion to Higher

Scale)

Smuggling of live animals

Illegal Occupation of land at different places by

mafia

CONSTRAINTS

MOBILITY, Mostly old Vehicles, minimal funding for repair.

VACCINE PRODUCTION LABORATORY Was given to

Balochistan University become CASVAB. Department has no

facility to produce vaccines.

BUDGETARY CONSTRAINTS IN

Medicine/Vaccine Rs. 24.00 million for 33.00 million animals

(0.73 paisa per animal per annum)

Feed and Fodder

Purchase of Equipment

Repair of Old Buildings

Handing over of VRI (CASVAB) Back

to Department

Handing over of VRI (CASVAB) Back to Department

In 2005 VRI was handed over to University of

Balochistan on certain terms and conditions

The CASVAB failed to meet even single objective as per

commitment

The department processed the case with Governor

Secretariat and he has very kindly approved the

proposal by cancelling the agreement.

The department is processing case for the retrieval of

VRI.

Future Plans

Establishment of Livestock Research Institute

Establishment of Modern Slaughter House

with Meat Processing Unit at Quetta

Export of Processed Organic Meat of Sheep,

Cattle and Camel to the Gulf and other

countries

Dissemination and Propagation of Balochistan Nari Master (Beef Breed)

Province has major share in camels in the country. Therefore it is proposed to establish “Camel Research Institute” / “Camel Farm”.

Cont’

Formation of Livestock Policy and

legislation

Implementation of Four tier Service

Structure.

Improvement in funding for problem

oriented field research.

Genetic improvement in indigenous

breeds through selective breeding.

Conclusion

Improved Livestock Sector

could bring change in the

lives of 70% people in

Balochistan