BMIT JAIPUR

PRESENTATION

PAPER BATTERY

SUBMITTED TO:-MUKESH JAKHAR

SUBMITTED BY:-

DEEPAK PATEL

CONTENT

INTRODUCTION PAPER BATTERY & PRINCIPLE CARBON NANOTUBE CONSTRUCTION & WORKING OF PAPER

BATTERY ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS CONCLUSION FUTURE REFERENCE

INTRODUCTIONA Battery convert chemical energy into the electrical energy.

PAPER BATTERY A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and

production device formed by combining carbon nanotubes with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper.

The nano materials are a one-dimensional structure with very small diameters..

A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super capacitor. This combination allows the battery to provide both long-term, steady power production and bursts of energy.

It is non toxic, environment friendly and is everything that a conventional battery is not.

PAPER BATTERY

Can be folded, cut or otherwise shaped for different applications without any loss of efficiency

Cutting one in half , halves its energy production

Can be stacked in multiples of power output

2.5 volts of electricity from a sample the size of a postage stamp.

HISTORY OF PAPER BATTERY

In August 2007, a research team at RENSSELEAR POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE led by Drs. Robert Linhardt, John H.Broadbent, Omkaram Nalamasu with a joint appointment in Material science and engineering developed the Paper Battery, also known as Nano Composite Paper.

In December 2009 Yi Cui and his team at STANFORD UNIVERSITY successfully made an actual prototype that gave a terminal voltage of 1.5V

PRINCIPLE

The battery produces electricity in the same way as the conventional lithium-ion batteries, but all the components have been incorporated into a lightweight,

flexible sheet of paper. The devices are formed by combining cellulose with an

infusion of aligned carbon nanotubes. The electrolyte and the ions that carry the charge can be

varied depending the use of the battery.

The Nanotubes, which colour the paper black, act as electrodes and allow the storage devices to conduct electricity.

The device functions as both a lithium-ion battery and a super-capacitor, which stores charge like a battery but has no liquid electrolyte.

The paper battery provides a long, steady power output as against a conventional battery burst of high energy.

The ionic liquid electrolyte that is soaked into the paper is a liquid salt and contains no water, so it won’t freeze or boil.

Research is going on around the world to replace this ionic electrolyte with body fluids, blood, sweat etc.

CARBON NANOTUBE

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs; also known as buckytubes) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure.

They exhibit extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties, and are efficient thermal conductors.

Nanotubes are members of the fullerene structural family, the diameter of a nanotube is on the order of a few nanometers 

Because of the symmetry and unique electronic structure of graphene, the structure of a nanotube strongly affects its electrical properties. For a given (n,m) nanotube, if n = m, the nanotube is metallic; if n − m is a multiple of 3, then the nanotube is semiconducting with a very small band gap, otherwise the nanotube is a moderate semiconductor

Graphene structure

Rolled at angle

CARBON NANOTUBESpinning Carbon Nanotube

PRODUCTION OF CARBON NANOTUBE

o While a number of production method of carbon nanotube

o .Three main method of producing carbon nanotube

o Chemical vapor depositiono Arc dischargeo Laser ablation

CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER BATTERY CNT thin films were coated onto stainless steel

(SS) substrates with a solution based process. The concentration of CNT is 1.7 mg/mL. A dried film with a thickness of 2 micrometer was

formed after drying the CNT ink on the SS substrate at 80 °C for 5 min.This film is then peeled off from substrate.

These films act as electrodes of paper battery. one film is pasted to electrolyte LTO (Li4Ti5O12)

and the other film is pasted to electrolyte LCO (LiCoO2).

Paper is sandwiched between two electrolytes LTO and LCO with PVDF(poly vinylidene fluoride) .

CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE

STRUCTURE OF PAPER BATTERY

WORKING OF PAPER BATTERY

1.Batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction between electrolyte and metal in the traditional battery.

2. Chemical reaction in the paper battery is between electrolyte and carbon nanotubes.

3. Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and flow along a connected wire to the positive terminal

4. Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for the chemical reaction to continue.

ADVANTAGES

Light, rugged, flexible, can be rolled, crunched, cut, made into any shape.

The nano composite paper is compatible with a number of electrolyte, like blood, urine, sweat etc.

If we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that's 500 times the voltage. If we rip the paper in half we cut power by 50%. So we can control the power and voltage issue.

Non toxic and hence ca be used to power pacemakers and RF tags.

It is very useful where burst of energy is required for operation like mostly electric vehicles.

The electrolyte contains no water, thus there’s nothing in the batteries to freeze or evaporate, potentially allowing operation in extreme temperatures.

Environment friendly. The organic radical materials inside the battery are in an

"electrolyte-permeated gel state,“ which helps ions make a smooth move, allowing the batteries to charge at lightning speeds.

(It could charge 10-20 times faster than conventional Li-ion batteries.)

DISADVANTAGE

Presently, the devices are only a few inches across and they have to be scaled up to sheets of newspaper size to make it commercially viable.

Carbon nanotubes are expensive Researches in nanotechnology to mass produce

nanotubes is promising. Should not be inhaled,as they can damage lungs

APPLICATIONS

Pace makers (uses blood as electrolyte) Used as alternate to conventional batteries in gadgets. Devices in space shuttles Powered smart cards RF id tags, smart clothes.

Disposable medical devices - Single-use delivery and diagnostic devices could have Power Paper incorporated into their construction to allow for sensors and smart labels.

Paper battery is set in iontophoresis patch. It helps to deliver functional drugs, local anesthesia, antichloristic, anodyne, etc into skin.

In iontophoresis patch for whitening and wrinkles Paper battery could one day power motor vehicles and

aircrafts and replace the conventional fuel based engines with electric motors.

CONCLUSIONS The range of possible applications for paper batteries

derives from their important advantages as compared to conventional battery technologies.

They can be made in virtually any shape and size to meet the requirements of each application.

The batteries are rechargeable, and have reduced cost and weight which in itself may give birth to new applications.

Paper battery could solve all the problems associated with electrical energy storage.

However the reality is still very far away, though the researches are promising.

FUTURE REFERENCE

Paper battery could one day power motor vehicles and aircrafts

It replace the conventional fuel based engines with electric motors.

ANY QUERY

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