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Penilaian Pembiayaan
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CAPACITY
5Cs
Analysis
COLLATERAL CAPITAL
CONDITION
CHARACTER
5Cs Analysis
1. Character – Willingness to pay Integrity
• Past repayment patterns
• Existing Banking commitment
– Management Styles • Aggressive, speculative, prudence or conservative
– Management Quality • Qualification – Competence
• Experience – various eco cycle
• Succession plan
– Risk • Management / SH Risk, Production and Operational , Fund
Diversion and Financial Risk
2. Capacity – Financial Capacity
• Generate CF, reliability of CF after sensitivity analysis
• Debt Service Ratio
– Past TIE, IPRC
– Future OSR
• No management, profit margin, cost efficiency
– Management Capacity to Operate Business • Operate Business
– Competency Qualification, track record (recession etc), experiences and succession plan
– Legal Capacity MAA
– Risks • Mgt /SH Risk, Industry / Market Risk
5Cs Analysis
3. Capital
– Long Term SH Financial
• Commitment > 50%
– Gearing Ratio
– Financial Position
– Growth level Capitalisation of RR
– Risks
• Mgt/SH Risks, Fund Diversion Risks
5Cs Analysis
4. Condition
– External factors influence repayment
– Macro assessment
• Market Shares and Growth
• Level of Competitiveness
• Globalisation, Fcy Mkt. Major Trading partners
• Business Cycle
• Relationship with suppliers, customers, regulators,
competition
• Risks
– Ind/Mkt risk, Business Risk (Position, Concentration, perform
Dissuasive Risk, Regulatory Risk
5Cs Analysis
5. Collateral
– Composite 4 Cs
– Attributes of good service
– Realisation value land, share machinery,
debenture
– Risks
• Recovery Risk, Downside Risk
5Cs Analysis
Scope of Credit Evaluation
• Purpose
• Structure
• Fact Analysis
• Qualitative
• Quantitative
• Ways Out Analysis
Qualitative Analysis
• SHARIAH COMPLIANCE
• FINANCING PARAMATERS
• KNOW YOUR CUSTOMERS
• FACT ANALYSIS
• EXTERNAL ANALYSIS – Economic and Politic
– Market Factors
• INTERNAL ANALYSIS – Business Operations
– Management
SUPPLIERS
SUBSTITUTES
BUYERS
INDUSTRY
COMPETITORS
RIVALRY AMONG
EXISTING FIRMS
POTENTIAL
ENTRANTS
Threats of
New Entrants
Bargaining Power
Of Buyers
Threat of Substitutes
Product of Services
Bargaining Power
Of Suppliers
Economic, Industry & Product Cycle
• Economic
Cycle
• Use
Gen. Economic Cycle
Business Cycle
Over Leveraging
Abnormal Profit
Over Demand
Over Supply
Inflation Rate, Employment Rate
GDP Growth, Trade Data, Interest
Rate
Industry Cycle - 5 Phases
1.Pioneering Development
2.Rapid Accelerating Growth
3.Matured Growth
4.Stabilisation & Market Maturity
5.Deceleration of Growth & Decline
STAR PROBLEM
CHILD
CASH COW DOG
MARKET SHARE DOMINANCE HIGH LOW
HIGH
LOW
MA
RK
ET
GR
OW
TH
RA
TE
BCG: Growth-Share Matrix
Quantitative Analysis
• EARNING CAPACITY
• FINANCIAL POSITION
• LIQUIDITY POSITION
• RATIO ANALYSIS
