Upload
amirun-khan
View
1.784
Download
4
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
Management ControlManagement Control
1
The meaning of controlThe meaning of control
• A systematic effort to set performance standards with planning objectives, to design information feedback systems, to compare actual performance with standards, to determine whether there are any deviations and to take any action if required.
• Control is the process of ensuring that actual activities conform to planned activities.
2
Process of Control Slide 3 of 3
Process of Control Slide 3 of 3
3
Set performance
standards
Measureactual
performance
Compareperformance
withstandards
Take nocorrective
action
Takecorrective
action
If deviations are acceptable
If deviations are unacceptable
Steps in the control Steps in the control processprocess
• 1.Establish standards and methods for measuring performance.-standards should be stated in clear, measurable terms that include specific deadlines.
• 2.Measure performance-measurement is an ongoing repetitive process.
• 3.Determine whether performance matches the standard-This is the easiest step in the control process
• 4.Take corrective action-This step is necessary if performance falls short of standards and the analysis indicates action is required.
4
The importance of control
• 1.Change-Control systems should be able to detect changes affecting org.
• 2.Complexity-A more formal and careful control approach is required.
• 3.Mistakes-allows managers to detect mistakes before they become critical
• 4.Delegation-allows managers to check on subordinates progress
5
Types of control methodsTypes of control methods
• 1.Pre-action control• 2.Steering control• 3.Screening or Yes/No control• 4.Post-action control
6
1.Pre-Action Contro1.Pre-Action Controll
• Control before an action is undertaken e.g before a new product is launch, marketers conduct market testing.
7
Allow corrective action to be taken before a particular sequence of actions is completed.e.g after launching a new product, marketers will monitor competitors, customers and dealers reaction and take corrective actions if required.
3.Screening or Yes/No controls3.Screening or Yes/No controls
Provides a screening process in which specific aspects of a procedure must be met before the operations is allowed to proceed.e.g large customers withdrawal must be approved by a bank officer.
8
4.Post-action controls4.Post-action controls
Measure the result of a completed action e.g marketers conducted Profitability analysis to assess the profitability of the new product
Selecting the Focal Point for Control
Selecting the Focal Point for Control
• Feedforward (Preventive) Control– Focuses on detecting undesirable material,
financial, or human resources that serve as inputs to the transformation process.
• Concurrent Control– Focuses on the transformation process to
ensure that it is functioning properly.
9
Selecting the Focal Point for Control Slide 2 of 2
Selecting the Focal Point for Control Slide 2 of 2
• Feedback Control– Focuses on discovering undesirable output and
implementing corrective action.
• Multiple Focal Points– Most organizations use several control systems
focused on various phases of the transformation process.
10
Control Focal PointsControl Focal Points
11
Control system
Transformationprocess
Inputs Outputs
Feedforward control
Concurrent control
Feedback control
Characteristics of effective control Characteristics of effective control systemssystems
1.Accurate-provide accurate info
2.Timely-up to date info
3.Objective and comprehensive-clear and measurable
4.Focused on strategic control points-focus on key areas such as finance and quality
12
Characteristics of effective control systems
5.Economically realistic-cost should be less than the benefits
6.Organizationally realistic-org should have adequate resources
7.Flexible-adaptable to changes8.Prescriptive and operational-describe the corrective
actions to be taken9.Accepted by organizational members
13
Management from the Islamic Management from the Islamic perspectiveperspective
The management process based on the Quran and the Sunnah to promote societal well being and Islamic values.-Islamic mgt seek to achieve a balance between org profit, customer satisfaction,
societal well being and Islamic values.
14
The principles Management from the The principles Management from the Islamic perspectiveIslamic perspective
1.Tauhid-work an an Ibadah or way of submission to Allah
2.Syura-the importance of teamwork3.Justice-the importance of fairness4.Masruai’ah-the concept of legality based on the
syariah laws5.Qualification-based on competencies 6.Maslahah-priority based on Islamic values
15