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ENGLISH GRAMMAR
AFRA ASHIQUE 9E
VOICE
Voice is the quality of a verb which
indicates whether the subject acts or is
being acted upon.Two type of voices are
Active voice Passive voice
• In active voice the subject of the sentence does the action.
• The active voice is preferred for most type of business writing because it is shorter, more personal, and more forceful
• Example:-• I heated the solution• You made a mistake
Active Voice
PASSIVE VOICE
• In passive voice the subject of the sentence receives the action.
• The passive voice emphasizes the action being performed rather than the person doing the action
• The passive voice has two main uses:– To present ideas objectively
• (Showing that the results are more important than the person doing the work)
• Eg. “The surveys were tabulated.”
– To avoid using names or assigning blame• Eg.“An unfortunate error has occurred.”
Active versus PassiveActive Voice• More emphatic• More concise• Used as the general rule
Passive Voice• Used when you want to stress the importance of the
action or its recipient.• Used when the actor is unknown or irrelevant.
Subject ( Doer ) + Verb + Object
CONSTRUCTION OF THE ACTIVE VOICE
subject + modal verb + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle)
CONSTRUCTION OF THE PASSIVE VOICE
subject + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle)
Cat eat fish.Example:-
Example:- Fish is eaten by cat.
Example:- Fish must be eaten by cat.
Note : The active object becomes the passive subject.
Sentence Structures
CHANGING THE VOICE
ACTIVE VOICE
Active Subject
Active Verb
Direct Object
Robert gave a coin
byPassive Verb
Passive Subject
Agent
PASSIVE VOICEwas given by
CHANGING THE VOICE
RULES OF
The places of subject and object in sentence are inter-changed in passive voice.
Subject becomes object. Object becomes subject.
For example
Active: They collect eggs.
Passive: Eggs are collected by them.
Tense Active VoicePassive Voice
Simple Present
• Take• Takes
• Is taken• Are taken
Present Continuous
• Am taking • Is taking• Are taking
• Is being taken• Are being taken
Present Perfect
• Has taken• Have taken
• Has been taken• Have been taken
Tense Active Voice Passive Voice
Simple Past • Took • Was taken• Were taken
Past Continuous
• Was taking• Were taking
• Was being taken• Were being taken
Past Perfect • Had taken • Had been taken
TenseActive Voice
Passive Voice
Simple Future (will/shall)
• Will take
• Shall take• Will be taken
• Shall be taken
Simple Future (going to be)
• Am going to take a cake
• She is going to take two cakes
• They are going to take a cake
• Cake is going to be taken by me
• Two cakes are going to be taken by her
• Cake is going to be taken by them
Future Perfect • Will have taken
• Will have been taken
Active Voice Passive Voice
• I• We• You• He• She• It• They
• me• us• you• him• her• it• them
Commands :-
let + subject +be (not) +past participle
Active : Shut the door.
Passive : Let the door be shut.
Example:-
Example:-
Active : Kindly help him.
Passive : You are requested to help him.
Requests:-
HOW MUCH YOU KNOW
ABOUT TENSES??
Change the sentences below to the passive voice.
My uncle looks after me. I am looked after by my uncle.
Someone must have stolen the necklace.
The necklace must have been stolen by someone.
Inform the police. Let the police be informed.
The boys are running a race. A race is being run by the boys.
BY AFRA ASHIQUE
9E
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