3. A cause is something that makes amaterial difference in
something else.There can be multiple causes for an event.There
usually are.
4. DETERMINISTIC CAUSATION Decapitation causes death.
(sufficient) Air causes human life (necessary)Deterministic
causation is usually seen as thestrongest possible cause.
5. Smoking causes cancer Studying at least 15 hours a week
willincrease your grades
6. Words: caused results in preventsPhrases The more X you do,
the more Y you will get. Those that do X get more Y than if they
hadnt.
7. Which statement asserts causation moststrongly?a. Texting is
involved in 25% of accidentsb. Texting can lead to accidents.c.
Cutting down on texting will reduce your risk of accident.d. People
that dont text have less accidents.
8. Which statement asserts association orbetween w/o asserting
cause?a. People that read home and fashion magazines aremore likely
to get pregnant than people who read sportand car magazines.b.
Students can expect to increase their grades if theystart wearing
glasses compared to the grades they wouldhave gotten without
glasses.c. If an adult gains weight, they can expect to be
tallerthan if they had not gained the weight
9. Which statement assertsdeterministic causation?A. The more
you text, the more likely it is you will get inaccidentsB. If you
dont text, you will have no accidentsC. Texting can lead to
accidents.D. People who have never texted have had no
accidents.
10. Which statement assertsprobabilistic causation?A. The more
you text, the more likely you are to get inaccidentsB. If you dont
text, you will have no accidentsC. People who text will have had at
least one accidentby age of 25.D. People who have never texted have
had noaccidents.
