Technical english (ic ts) for development ensa safi_redouane boulguid_2013 2014

Information and communications

technologies (ICTs) for Development

A course prepared for students of Engineering & Conception of Information

Systems National School of Applied Sciences – Safi

School-Year 2013/2014- By Redouane BOULGUID

10/04/23 ICT&Development_Redouane Boulguid_ENSA_Safi_2013/2014

Years ago, a broad international consensus has emerged that information and communications technologies (ICTs) offer a potentially powerful mechanism for promoting social and economic growth.

ICTs For Development

Generally, ICTs promote development across many dimensions.

ICTs enable organizations to be more productive.

thereby spurring economic growth and helping firms be more competitive.

ICTs can also expand the reach and effectiveness of social development projects and have already yielded important benefits in such areas as healthcare, education, and environmental preservation.

Public-sector uptake of ICTs is also making governments more efficient and their decision-making more transparent.

Several recent studies have described remarkable success in using ICTs to help underserved communities and to create new opportunities in developing countries.

As an example, Microsoft, is dedicated to working closely with underserved peoples, developing countries, and the broader international development community to realize the full potential of ICTs for human development.

Because ICTs can be applied to a tremendously diverse range of human experience, they are transforming virtually every sector of society and the economy. Digital breakthroughs are creating new possibilities for improving health and nutrition, expanding knowledge, stimulating economic growth and empowering people to participate in their communities.

As many developing nations have recognized, ICTs have the potential to spur local economic growth and to expand the reach and effectiveness of development initiatives.

the information age: the rich get their information almost free,

while the poor have to pay dearly for it, (in the case for instance of the price poor people have to pay to make a simple telephone call).

The system has a concurrent capacity to include and exclude people based upon a capacity to network,

and this is where the poor in developing countries suffer from exclusion. (Digital Divide)

Human Development is the process of expanding human capabilities and access to opportunities in social, economic and political arenas and therefore the overall improvement in the quality of life. (UNDP 2002: Kenya Human Development Report: 2001:2)

There is a connection between ICTs and the human development dimensions of agriculture, culture, governance, education, health and gender.

Poverty is widely recognised as multidimensional, encompassing food security, health, education, rights, security and dignity, among other elements.

ICT & POVERTY

By definition, ICTs include electronic networks – embodying complex hardware and software - linked by a vast array of technical protocols (Mansell and Silverstone, 1996).

ICTs are embedded in networks and services that affect the local and global accumulation and flows of public and private knowledge.

According to the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, ICTs cover Internet service provision, telecommunications equipment and services, information technology equipment and services, media and broadcasting, libraries and documentation centres, commercial information providers, network-based information services, and other related information and communication activities. (ECA, 1999).

Most arguments related to poverty focus on insufficient nutrition, inadequate shelter and so on. It is only recently that some have started to argue that lack of access to information and communications technologies (ICTs) is an element of poverty. (Kenny, 2001)

Therefore, if properly deployed, ICTs have enormous potential as tools for increasing information flows and for empowering poor people.

ICTs are a means or mechanism that can make a significant contribution to the fight for poverty reduction.

ICTs cannot solve poverty on their own, but they can make a contribution to the processes that lead to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

What are the MDGs

The Millennium Development Goals are 8 International development goals that were established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000.(Adoption of the UN Millennium Declaration).

All 189 UN member states at that time (there are currently 193) & at least 23 International Organizations committed to help achieve these Goals by 2015:

1. To eradicate extreme poverty & hunger;

2. To achieve universal primary education;

3. To promote gender equality & empowering women;

4. To reduce child mortality rates;

5. To improve maternal health;6. To combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria &

other Diseases;7. To ensure environmental

sustainability;8. To develop a global partnership

for development.

(To Be Continued)

References Used ICTs and Poverty: A Literature Review, by C.

Nyaki Adeya, PhD. (http://kambing.ui.ac.id/onnopurbo/library/library-ref-eng/ref-eng-2/application/policy/acacia-2003/Acacia/2.%20ICTs%20and%20Poverty%20full.doc)

GOOD PRACTICE PAPER ON ICTs FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY REDUCTION – OECD 2005

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