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The term Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) was coined over two decades ago to designate applications of information and communication technologies to the operational management of transportation networks. The main promise of ITS has been very consistent over that period: network capacity can be freed up by optimizing traffic controls and empowering users with accurate travel information. It can be debated how much faith practitioners and policy makers have placed in technology by investing their resources, as well as the extent to which Intelligent Transportation Systems have delivered on their promise. However, there is no question that steady and sometimes spectacular advances in computing technologies and usage trickle down to transportation applications in important ways. As a result, new products and services emerge continuously. They include systems that address the direct needs of networks managers, as well as others that are developed in tangential markets (e.g. automotive) or even through non-market mechanisms (e.g. many mobile web applications). This talk presentation reviews major trends in information and communication technologies and demonstrate how each of them is driving innovative transportation services. We attempt to envision how those trends might develop in the future, so that we can finally examine some of their implications for travel demand and network management. There lie both challenges and opportunities for transportation engineers and planners, but either way, profound changes appear inevitable.
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Intelligent Transportation Trends and Perspectives
2011
J.D. Margulici
jdm@novavia.us
www.novaviasolutions.com
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Introduction
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 2
ITS primer and brief history
State of the art
Information technology trends
Prospective and implications
J.D. Margulici
jdm@novavia.us
www.novaviasolutions.com
Intelligent Transportation
Trends and Perspectives
2011
ITS Technologies
Sensors
Telecoms
Location Computing
Algorithms
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 4
ITS Applications
Traffic Operations (monitoring, dispatch…)
Advanced Traffic Management Systems
Advanced Traveler Information Systems
Public Transit Operations
Tolling / Enforcement
Commercial Vehicle Operations
Intelligent Vehicles
Infrastructure-side Active Safety
Parking Management
Mobility Services
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 5
ITS Prehistory
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 6
First inductive loops & ramp metering Chicago, 1963
First three-color, four-way traffic light Detroit, 1920
First Transportation Management Center Los Angeles, 1971
Birth of ITS: Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 7
Streamline traffic operations Enable informed route selection Enhance system performance Help avoid accidents Improve mobility Automatically control vehicles
ATMS ATIS CVO
Advanced Vehicle Control
March 1990
Dallas
1991: ISTEA legislation
1991: ITS America
1994: 1st World Congress, Paris
Automated Highway System
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 8
ITS Legacy
“I’m setting a national goal: to build an intelligent transportation infrastructure across the United States to save time and lives, and improve the quality of life for Americans. I believe that what we do, we must measure . . . Let us set a very tangible target that will focus our attention . . . I want 75 of our largest metropolitan areas outfitted with a complete intelligent transportation infrastructure in 10 years.”
-- Secretary Peña, 1996
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 9
Freeway Management
Incident Management
Arterial Management
Emergency Management
Transit Management
Electronic Toll Collection
Electronic Fare Payment
Highway-Rail
Intersections
Regional Multimodal Traveler Information
The World in 2000
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 10
38% of Americans have cell phones
Broadband internet use at 6%
NASDAQ hits 5,000
511 becomes national traffic information calling number
Conformance to National ITS Architecture required
FCC allocates 5.9 GHz spectrum to transportation
Back to the future: ITS Deployment in 2000
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 11
(projected from 2000)
41%
43%
14%
52%
85%
62%
70%
4%
80%
43%
2007 actuals
What have we learned 2000? Key Issues
Awareness and perception of ITS
Long-range operations and management
Regional deployment
Human resources
Partnering
Ownership and use of resources
Procurement
Intellectual property
Privacy
Liability
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 12
The jury is still out on cellular phone geolocation for traffic probes.
The lack of traffic flow sensors continues to inhibit the growth of traveler information and improved transportation management systems.
Emerging technologies include wireless Internet and automated information exchange.
Hope is that with the addition of cellular phones and a national three-digit traveler information number (511), more deployment will occur.
Integrating arterial traffic, emergency vehicle, transit and freeway management would all be important and useful advances.
Electronic Toll Collection is one of the fundamental and earliest deployed ITS technologies.
Optimistically, there will be a steady but slow increase in the use of ITS technologies for transit management.
Only a handful of adaptive control systems are deployed nationally (SCATS, SCOOT, LA’s ATSC).
The number of Americans having access to the Internet is growing rapidly, portending increased use of ITS applications.
ITS Strategic Plan 2000
Conducting research
Accelerating the development of standards
Building professional capacity
Creating funding incentives
Providing guidance and technical assistance
Ensuring consistency with the National ITS Architecture and standards
Evaluating the program
Showcasing benefits
Technology
Institutions
System
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 13
ITS primer and brief history
State of the art
Information technology trends
Prospective and implications
J.D. Margulici
jdm@novavia.us
www.novaviasolutions.com
Intelligent Transportation
Trends and Perspectives
2011
The World in 2010
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 15
A Tour of ITS Deployments and Trends
System Management
Traffic Monitoring
Tolling / Enforcement
Vehicle Technologies
Mobility Services
ITS Trends and Perspectives - April 2011 16
Intelligent Transportation Trends and Perspectives
2011
J.D. Margulici
jdm@novavia.us
www.novaviasolutions.com
Next is Chapter 2: System Management
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