Foss in-academia-sep-2014
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Bài trình bày tại Đại học Vinh ngày 12/09/2014.
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- 1. KH NNG NG DNG PHN MM NGUN M TRONG NGHIN CU & GING DY TI
CC C S O TO I HC V CAO NG VIT NAM HI THO: NG DNG PHN MM M NGUN M
TRONG GIO DC V QUN L TH VIN, P NG CC YU CU TRONG NH GI, KIM NH CHT
LNG V XP HNG TRNG I HC, CAO NG. LIN CHI HI TH VIN I HC PHA BC - I
HC VINH, 12/09/2014 NGI TRNH BY: L TRUNG NGHA VN PHNG PHI HP PHT
TRIN MI TRNG KHOA HC & CNG NGH B KHOA HC & CNG NGH Email:
letrungnghia.foss@gmail.com Blogs: http://vnfoss.blogspot.com/
http://letrungnghia.mangvn.org/ Trang web CLB PMTDNM Vit Nam:
http://vfossa.vn/vi/ HanoiLUG wiki: http://wiki.hanoilug.org/
- 2. NI DUNG 1. Lch s v nh ngha phn mm t do & ngun m 2. Cc im
mnh, yu, c hi v thch thc ca PMTDNM 3. M hnh pht trin PMTDNM v vai
tr ca gio dc 4. Gio dc PMTDNM l sng cn cho an ninh quc gia 5. Danh
sch PMTDNM trong gio dc v bo mt 6. Ti nguyn gio dc m 7. Tng lai: Hc
tp chung ton cu 8. Tm tt 9. Thng tin v ti liu tham kho
- 3. 1. Lch s v nh ngha PMTD -1 - Nhng nm 1960 - my tnh ln
Mainframe - phn mm l t do - 30/09/1969 IBM tuyn b s bn phn mm t
1970 - 1984: Richard Stallman ri AI Lab ca MIT, m d n GNU - Mc ch
ca GNU: Xy dng h iu hnh t do - GNU is Not Unix - 1991, Linus
Torvalds, tuyn b v h iu hnh t do tng t Minix - 03/1994 phin bn
Linux v1.0 ra i - Nhn Linux mang giy php GPLv2 - H iu hnh GNU/Linux
= Nhn Linux + cc tin ch GNU - nh ngha PMTD vi 4 quyn c bn: (1) T do
s dng (2) T do phn phi (3) T do nghin cu v ty bin sa i (4) T do phn
phi bn phi sinh - PMTD l ni v cc quyn t do, khng ni v tin - Qu Phn
mm T do FSF (Free Software Foundation)
- 4. 1. Lch s v nh ngha PMNM -2 - 1998 OSI (Open Source
Initiative) ra i - nh ngha PMNM 10 im ca OSI. Xem:
http://opensource.org/osd - nh ngha PMNM tng t nh vi PMTD, nhng:
(1) c nhng ni lng hn v 't do' (2) nng v yu t k thut v thc dng hn
(3) nhn mnh hn v tnh khng phn bit i x - M hnh kinh doanh da vo dch
v - ht nh PMTD PMTDNM = PMTD + PMNM PMTDNM c ngun gc t nc M, t cc
cng ng hn lm nghin cu ca mt s i hc, c bit l California Berkeley!
Trch on phim: Software Wars (Chin tranh Phn mm)
- 5. 2. Cc im mnh, yu, c hi & thch thc * Nhiu im mnh ca
PMTDNM c bit ph hp cho gio dc! Xem gii thch chi tit hn: Cc ro cn i
vi vic ng dng PMTDNM v cc cch thc cng tc vt qua.
- 6. 3. M hnh pht trin v vai tr ca gio dc -1 Cng ng nhng ngi s
dng tham gia vo tin trnh pht trin ca PMTDNM a ra cc yu cu tnh nng,
bo co li... Ngi s dng cng nhiu cng tt Tt nht l trong khu vc gio dc
o to! Ngi lnh o Ngi ng gp Ngi tiu dng Vi cc d n ngun m: khng Ngi s
dng th khng Ngi ng gp khng Ngi lnh o khng PMTDNM!
- 7. 3. M hnh pht trin v vai tr ca gio dc -2 Cng ng PMTDNM * Cc
lp trnh vin ct li * Cc lp trnh vin - m rng * Cc lp trnh vin - trin
khai * Cng ng ngi s dng Cng ng mt d n PMNM thng l ton cu ch khng
phi l ca ring 1 quc gia! H sinh thi ngun m * Khu vc nh nc * Khu vc
t nhn - cc cng ty * Khu vc cc i hc - vin nghin cu * Cc lp trnh vin
- tch hp h thng Vi cng ngh m: Ton cu ha c ngha l cng ng ngun m Vit
Nam pht trin cng v khng tch ri khi cng ng ngun m th gii! Hp tc quc
t l quan trng! * Khu vc gio dc va l ngun cung ng cc lp trnh vin, va
l kho ngi s dng (Vit Nam c hn 20 triu ngi trong gio dc), va l thnh
phn khng th thiu ca h sinh thi ngun m Cc i hc lm nng ct, hp tc vi
doanh nghip l quan trng cn s h tr ca khu vc nh nc!
- 8. 3. M hnh pht trin v vai tr ca gio dc -3 Tui trung bnh cc lp
trnh vin (LTV) phn mm khong 27, p o l 21-24, trong : Cc LTV tham
gia phong tro PMTDNM: * Trung bnh: 18-25; Ni bt: 21-23; ~ 60% tui
20; 20% di 20 & 20% trn 20 tui; * 70% cc LTV c gio dc i hc; 30%
trong cc trng ph thng; hu ht l nam; * 1/3 s cc LTV nm trong khu vc
gio dc; 2/3 cn li nm trong cc cng ty; * 20% s cc LTV khng chuyn v
CNTT; * Khu vc gio dc l ni tt nht xy dng & duy tr bn vng cc cng
ng ngun m, i mi sng to da vo tri thc m & pht trin tim lc quc
gia! * OpenRoad, d n PMTDNM u tin Vit Nam c 4 khu vc tham gia, do B
KHCN iu phi; hng ti pht trin ng m hnh PMTDNM th gii. * Hin OpenRoad
ang Pha 3 vi s tham gia ca 7 trng i hc; Lin chi hi Th vin i hc Khu
vc pha Bc (NALA); 7 cng ty CNTT thnh vin ca VFOSSA; 1 n v ca B
KHCN; * OpenRoad tp trung ch yu vo 2 lnh vc: Gio dc & Bo mt
thng tin; * Cc i hc hng u v PMTDNM: California Berkeley (giy php
BSD, ci ni ca Unix v Internet th gii), MIT (giy php MIT), Carnegie
Mellon...
- 9. 4. Gio dc PMTDNM l sng cn cho an ninh QG -1 ATAN thng tin
& h thng = Phi hiu bit, khng Phi tin tng!
- 10. 4. Gio dc PMTDNM l sng cn cho an ninh QG -2 ATAN thng tin
& h thng = Phi hiu bit, khng Phi tin tng!
- 11. 4. Gio dc PMTDNM l sng cn cho an ninh QG -3 Microsoft
Vietnam: Ti thng 02/2014, Vit Nam vn cn 5.513.411 my tnh chy
Windows XP 13 nm tui. - Ri ro bo mt - Khng cn dch v h tr - Li h
thng do thiu phn mm - Kh nng tng thch PM km Thc t: Microsoft dng
hon ton h tr k thut cho Windows XP v Office 2003 t 13/05/2014! Nguy
him: Li an ninh vnh vin khng c v!; L vt trung gian gy ly nhim phn
mm c hi cho cc my tnh, cc mng khc! T duy sai: c mt l thng cho mo
chui qua ri ngh chut, b, gin... s khng chui qua c! ht h tr Windows
XP ton cu 08/04/2014!
- 12. 5. Danh sch PMTDNM trong gio dc & bo mt -1 Danh sch 82
PMTDNM s dng trong gio dc o to nc Anh, bn cp nht ngy 03/01/2014. 1.
E-Learning: Moodle, Sakai CLE, Apereo OAE, Canvas, Gibbon. 2. Chp
bi ging/Podcast: OpenCast Matterhorn, CamStudio, Audacity, . 3.
Ging trc tuyn/Webinar/d xa: OpenMeetings, BigBlueButton, . 4. Dng
Video: MediaGoblin, Plumi, Kaltura.; 5. To ni dung tng tc: Xerte.
6. Tc gi sch in t: Apache OpenOffice, LibreOffice, NeoOffice,
Sigil, TeX v cc ty bin. 7. Qun l sch in t: Calibre. ; 8. Tc gi cng
tc: Etherpad, Gobby, Owncloud Documents. 9. nh gi cao cp: Rogo (trc
kia l TouchStone). ; 10. H s in t: Mahara. 11. Phn mm bng trng tng
tc: OpenSankor. ; 12. Qun l lp hc: iTALC. 13. H thng th vin tch hp:
Koha, LibLime Koha, OpenBiblio. 14. c danh sch: LORLS. ; 15. Qun l
b su tp s: Islandora. ; 16. ng dng di ng cho sinh vin: Molly. ; 17.
Kin trc chuyn nghip: Archi. 18. H thng thng tin qun l/H s sinh vin:
A1 Academia, SchoolTool, OpenStudent. 19. Cng c m nhc: Audacity,
Ardour, Rosegarden, Hydrogen, MuseScore, Gregorio, Ubuntu Studio,
64 Studio, Musix. 20. Sn xut phim/truyn thng: KDEnlive, PiTiVi,
Blender, Avidemux, OpenShot, Cinerella-cv. 21. Sn khu/Kch: Q Light
Controller, Soundboard, Celtx, Fountain. 22. Ngh thut/Nhip nh: The
GIMP, Darktable, UFRaw, Inkscape. 23. Thit k v cng ngh: Scribus,
Blender, QCAD, LibreCAD, FreeCAD. 24. in ton: Eclipse, NetBeans,
MonoDevelop, Scratch, Ruby, Python, PHP, Lazarus. 25. Tm l hc:
PsyScope, PEBL. ; 26. Cc ch v a l: gvSIG Educa, GRASS GIS, JUMP
GIS. 27. Thit k k thut: Open Circuit Design. 28. Nghin cu tn ngng:
The SWORD Project, Zekr Quran. 29. Thng k ton hc: R Commander,
SageMath (http://oss.ly/5b, http://oss.ly/5c,
http://oss.ly/5d).
- 13. 5. Danh sch PMTDNM trong gio dc & bo mt -2 Danh sch 75
PMTDNM s dng lm cng c an ninh thng tin: 1. Chng spam: ASSP,
MailScanner, SpamAssassin, SpamBayes, P3Scan, ScrolloutF1. 2. Chng
virus: ClamAV, ClamTK, ClamWin Free Antivirus. 3. Sao lu: Amanda,
Areca Backup, Bacula, Clonezilla, FOG, Partimage. 4. Trnh duyt:
Chromium, Firefox, Tor. 5. B sung cho trnh duyt: Web of Trust
(WOT), PasswordMaker. 6. Xa d liu: BleachBit, Eraser, Wipe, Darik's
Boot and Nuke. 7. Chng mt d liu: OpenDLP, MyDLP 8. M ha: AxCrypt,
Gnu Privacy Guard, GPGTools, gpg4win, PeaZip, Crypt, NeoCrypt,
LUKS/ cryptsetup, FreeOTFE, TrueCrypt. 9. H iu hnh: BackTrack
Linux, EnGarde Secure Linux, Libert Linux, LPS, NetSecl, SELinux,
Tails, Whonix. 10. iu tra php l: The Sleuth Kit/ Autopsy Browser
11. Gateway / Thit b qun l cc mi e da thng nht: Untangle Lite,
ClearOS, Endian Firewall Community, Sophos UTM Home Edition. 12. D
tm thm nhp tri php: Open Source Tripwire, AFICK. 13. Tng la mng:
IPCop, Devil-Linux, IPFire, Turtle Firewall, Shorewall, Vuurmuur,
m0n0wall, pfSense, Vyatta 14. Gim st mng: Wireshark, Tcpdump/
libpcap, WinDump/WinPcap. 15. Ph mt khu: Ophcrack, John the Ripper,
PDFCrack. 16. Qun l mt khu: KeePass Password Safe, KeePassX,
Password Safe, WinSCP, FileZilla. 17. Xc thc ngi s dng: WiKID. 18.
Lc web: DansGuardian. 19. Trnh kha phn mm gin ip: Nixory.
- 14. 5. Danh sch PMTDNM trong gio dc & bo mt -3 Hng trm d n
PMTDNM vi cc chng loi khc nhau trnh s gim st t nh ca NSA.
BlackDuck: D kin ti nm 2015 c 1.8 triu d n PMTDNM (trong c cc d n
chuyn v gio dc v bo mt thng tin & h thng) vi 100 t dng lnh v 10
triu ngi tham gia pht trin trn ton th gii.
http://prism-break.org/en/all/
- 15. Tuyn b ca Hi ngh OER Th gii, 20-22/06/2012, do UNESCO t chc
ti Paris, Php, khuyn co 1. Khuyn khch nng cao nhn thc v s dng OER.
2. To thun li cho cc mi trng s dng CNTT-TT. 3. Tng cng pht trin cc
chin lc v chnh sch OER. 4. Thc y hiu bit v s dng cc khung cp php m.
5. H tr xy dng nng lc v s pht trin bn vng cc t liu hc tp cht lng.
6. Khuyn khch cc lin minh chin lc v OER. 7. Thc y pht trin v p dng
OER trong cc ngn ng v ng cnh vn ha khc nhau. 8. Thc y nghin cu v
OER 9. To thun li pht hin, tm kim s dng v chia s OER. 10. Thc y vic
cp php m cho cc t liu gio dc c to ra t ngn sch nh nc. Xut bn truy
cp m (Open Access Publishing) 6. Ti nguyn gio dc m - OER -1
- 16. 6. Ti nguyn gio dc m - OER -2 Mc t do cc giy php CC Mt s
khi nim: 1. Min cng cng No Rights Reserved 2. Gi li mt s quyn Some
Rights Reserved 3. Gi li tt c cc quyn All Rights Reserved
- 17. 6. Ti nguyn gio dc m - OER -3 Tn gi M t URL Wiki Commons Hn
13 triu tp hnh nh, m thanh, a phng tin. C ng dn ti nhiu d n khc nh:
Meta-Wiki, Wikibooks, Wikispecies, Wikisource , Wiktionary,
Wikiversity, ... http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Ti
nguyn gio dc m Gn 40.000 ti nguyn cc kha hc t ph thng 12 lp ti cao
ng, c giy php m, s dng t do. http://www.oercommons.org/ Th vin m Hn
1 triu u sch cc loi. http://openlibrary.org/ Sch gio khoa m Ni ng k
v tp hp cc ng dn ti cc d n, cc kho sch gio khoa m.
http://www.opentextbook.org/ My tm kim cc tp ch m Cng truy cp cc tp
ch in t m ca i hc M Krishna Kanta Handiqui. im khi u tm kim v s cc
tp ch m khc trn th gii. http://www.oajse.com/ V s cc ti nguyn gio
dc m - c vn bn, hnh nh, m thanh v a phng tin - vi cc giy php CC sn
c trn Internet s dng t do, c bit trong khu vc gio dc; Hu nh ton b
bng ting nc ngoi!
- 18. 6. Ti nguyn gio dc m - OER -4 26/09/2012, 3 ti liu ca Vin
hn lm Cng ngh M - FTA (Free Technology Academy), giy php GFDL, CC
BY-SA c dch xong sang ting Vit v xut bn trn mng Internet.
16/4/2013, ti liu 'Sch ch dn tham chiu POSTGRESQL 9.0' ca nhm pht
trin ton cu POSTGRESQL c dch xong sang ting Vit v c xut bn trn
Internet. 14/03/2014, PostgreSQL 9.0.13 cc phn I. Sch ch dn v II.
Ngn ng SQL c dch xong v c xut bn trn Internet. Tt c cc ti liu trn u
c t 1-2 giy php ti liu t do, cho php ngi s dng sao chp, phn phi,
pha trn... min l tun theo giy php.
- 19. 7. Tng lai: Hc tp chung ton cu - GLC Tng lai: Hc u? (1) Nh
trng; (2) Ni lm vic; (3) Ngoi x hi; * Chia s, M, T do, Tin cy -
SOFT (Share, Open, Free, Trust) s l tt yu * i vi M th cn bin (1)
& (2) thnh GLC (Global Learning Commons) * Hc tp m trong gio
dc: Kim sot hc tp ca c nhn vi cc kha hc trc tuyn m i chng - MOOC
(Massive Open Online Courses) l la chn * Mng hc tp c nhn tr thnh
quan trng nht cho (2)
- 20. 8. Tm tt 1. Lch s ca PMTDNM gn lin vi cc nhm cng ng ti cc
trng i hc - vin nghin cu, khi ngun t M. 2. PMTDNM c trc c khi chng
c gi l PMTDNM, l ci r ca ton b ngnh phn mm th gii v ca Internet. 3.
M hnh pht trin cho thy cng ng chnh l s sng ca tng d n PMTDNM, n c
hnh thnh t nhng ngi s dng, ngi ng gp v ngi lnh o d n. Ngi s dng cng
nhiu cng tt, tt nht trong khu vc gio dc! 4. ATAN thng tin v h thng
thng tin ngy nay i hi mi quc gia phi thay i t duy, t xy dng ni lc,
cch duy nht l qua gio dc v M ni chung, PMTDNM ni ring. 5. Gio dc
trong tng lai chc chn s i vi M. Kh nng ng dng PMTDNM trong nghin cu
v ging dy ti cc c s o to i hc v cao ng Vit Nam chc chn thc hin c, d
hin c nhiu kh khn, thch thc.
- 21. 9. Thng tin & ti liu tham kho 1. Gii thiu phn mm t do.
2. Cc ro cn i vi vic ng dng PMTDNM v cc cch thc ... 3. Hiu bit v m
hnh pht trin ngun m. 4. Ngc ln dng trn: Tng cng cho s pht trin ngun
m. 5. Bo co tnh hnh quc t v phn mm ngun m nm 2010. 6. Cc dng cng
ng. 7. Khng ni n np. Edward Snowden, NSA v nh nc gim st. 8. APT1 -
Pht hin n v gin ip khng gian mng ca Trung Quc. 9. Chng trnh gin ip
ca NSA trn khng gian mng. 10. Windows XP sau ngy ht h tr k thut ton
cu, 08/04/2014. 11. Cc bi trnh by nhn L k kt Pha 3 d n OpenRoad ...
12. Cc d n PMTDNM chng li s gim st t nh ca NSA. 13. BlackDuck: Tng
lai ca ngun m nm 2014 v nm 2013. 14. Gio dc m v ti nguyn, giy php t
liu m. 15. M - chng ta s lm vic, sng v hc tp nh th no trong tng
lai. 16. H thng t vn ca OSS Watch - nc Anh - v PMTDNM. 17. Lot bi v
cc giy php CC trn tp ch Tin hc & i sng. 18. Mt s video clip v
PMTDNM.
- 22. Cm n! Hi p L TRUNG NGHA Email: letrungnghia.foss@gmail.com
Blogs: http://vnfoss.blogspot.com/ http://letrungnghia.mangvn.org/
Trang web CLB PMTDNM Vit Nam: http://vfossa.vn/vi/ HanoiLUG wiki:
http://wiki.hanoilug.org/