Biometrics presentation

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BiometricsBiometrics

AgendaAgendaI.I. VideoVideoII.II. Biometric OverviewBiometric OverviewIII.III. Biometric TechnologiesBiometric TechnologiesIV.IV. Accuracy MetricsAccuracy MetricsV.V. BioPrivacy ConcernsBioPrivacy Concerns

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AgendaAgendaI.I. VideoVideoII.II. Biometric OverviewBiometric OverviewIII.III. Biometric TechnologiesBiometric TechnologiesIV.IV. Accuracy MetricsAccuracy MetricsV.V. BioPrivacy ConcernsBioPrivacy Concerns

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AgendaAgendaI.I. VideoVideoII.II. Biometric OverviewBiometric OverviewIII.III. Biometric TechnologiesBiometric TechnologiesIV.IV. Accuracy MetricsAccuracy MetricsV.V. BioPrivacy ConcernsBioPrivacy Concerns

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BiometricsBiometrics

Definition:Definition:

““Automated measurementAutomated measurement of of Physiological and/or behavioral Physiological and/or behavioral characteristicscharacteristics to to determine or determine or authenticate identityauthenticate identity””

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““Automated measurementAutomated measurement””No human involvement.No human involvement.Comparison takes place in Real-Time.Comparison takes place in Real-Time.

–DNA is not a BiometricDNA is not a Biometric

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BiometricsBiometrics

““Physiological and/or behavioral Physiological and/or behavioral characteristicscharacteristics““

1.1. Behavioral:Behavioral:– User speaks.User speaks.– Types on a keyboard.Types on a keyboard.– Signs name.Signs name.

2.2. Physiological:Physiological:– FingerprintFingerprint– HandHand– EyesEyes– FaceFace

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““determine or authenticate identitydetermine or authenticate identity”” Identification Systems:Identification Systems:

– Who am I?Who am I?– Determine IdentityDetermine Identity

Verification Systems:Verification Systems:– Am I who I claim to be?Am I who I claim to be?– Authenticate IdentityAuthenticate Identity

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““determine or authenticate identitydetermine or authenticate identity”” Verification Systems (cont):Verification Systems (cont):

– More accurate.More accurate.– Less expensive.Less expensive.– Faster.Faster.– More limited in function.More limited in function.– Requires more effort by user.Requires more effort by user.

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Benefits:Benefits:– SecuritySecurity

PC, Network, WebPC, Network, Web Physical access to Buildings/RoomsPhysical access to Buildings/Rooms

– AccountabilityAccountability Audit TrailsAudit Trails RecordkeepingRecordkeeping

– Convenience Convenience – SavingsSavings

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Primary drivers:Primary drivers:– Size and cost decreased.Size and cost decreased.– Improved FAR, FRR & FTEImproved FAR, FRR & FTE– Mature standards Mature standards

BioAPIBioAPI BAPIBAPI

– Public awarenessPublic awareness

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AgendaAgendaI.I. VideoVideoII.II. Biometric OverviewBiometric OverviewIII.III. Biometric TechnologiesBiometric TechnologiesIV.IV. Accuracy MetricsAccuracy MetricsV.V. BioPrivacy ConcernsBioPrivacy Concerns

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Identification and verification:Identification and verification:– Finger scanFinger scan– Iris scanIris scan– Retina scanRetina scan– Facial scan (optical and infrared)Facial scan (optical and infrared)

Verification only:Verification only:– Hand GeometryHand Geometry– Voice PrintVoice Print– Keystroke BehaviorKeystroke Behavior– SignatureSignature

Other Biometric Technologies in the Other Biometric Technologies in the making.making.

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Finger scan:Finger scan: Measures unique Measures unique characteristics in a fingerprint characteristics in a fingerprint (minutiae)(minutiae)

– Crossover Crossover – CoreCore– BifurcationsBifurcations– Ridge endingRidge ending– IslandIsland– DeltaDelta– PorePore

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Iris scan:Iris scan:Measures unique Measures unique characteristics of the irischaracteristics of the iris

– Ridges (rings)Ridges (rings)– FurrowsFurrows– Straitions (freckles)Straitions (freckles)

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BiometricsBiometrics

Retina scan:Retina scan: Measures unique Measures unique characteristics of the retina.characteristics of the retina.

– Blood vessel patternsBlood vessel patterns– Vein patternsVein patterns

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BiometricsBiometrics

Facial scan:Facial scan: Uses off-the-shelf Uses off-the-shelf camera to measure the following facial camera to measure the following facial features:features:

– Distance between the eyes.Distance between the eyes.– Distance between the eyes and nose ridge.Distance between the eyes and nose ridge.– Angle of a cheek.Angle of a cheek.– Slope of the nose.Slope of the nose.– Facial Facial

Temperatures.Temperatures.

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Hand scan: measures the top and Hand scan: measures the top and side of the hand, not the Palm.side of the hand, not the Palm.

– Hand Geometry.Hand Geometry.– Most widely used technique for Most widely used technique for

physical access.physical access.– INSpass systemINSpass system

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BiometricsBiometrics

Voice scan: Measures the sound Voice scan: Measures the sound waves of human speech.waves of human speech.

– user talks to a microphone a user talks to a microphone a passphrase.passphrase.

– Voice print is comparedVoice print is compared

to a previous oneto a previous one

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BiometricsBiometrics

Keystroke scan: Measures the time Keystroke scan: Measures the time between strokes and duration of between strokes and duration of key pressed.key pressed.

– Most commonly used in systems Most commonly used in systems where keyboard is already being where keyboard is already being used.used.

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BiometricsBiometrics

Signature scan: Measures speed, Signature scan: Measures speed, pressure, stroke order an image pressure, stroke order an image of signature.of signature.

– Non-repudiation Non-repudiation

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Biometric techniques still in the Biometric techniques still in the drawing boarddrawing board

– Vein scan : vein pattern in back of the Vein scan : vein pattern in back of the hand.hand.

– Lip movement : camera captures Lip movement : camera captures images of how user lips move while images of how user lips move while user speaks a passphrase.user speaks a passphrase.

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BiometricsBiometrics

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AgendaAgendaI.I. VideoVideoII.II. Biometric OverviewBiometric OverviewIII.III. Biometric TechnologiesBiometric TechnologiesIV.IV. Accuracy MetricsAccuracy MetricsV.V. BioPrivacy ConcernsBioPrivacy Concerns

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BiometricsBiometrics

False Acceptance Rate (FAR)False Acceptance Rate (FAR) False Rejection Rate (FRR)False Rejection Rate (FRR) Failure To Enroll Rate (FTE)Failure To Enroll Rate (FTE) Ability To Verify (AVT)Ability To Verify (AVT)

– AVT = (1 - FTE)(1 - FRR)AVT = (1 - FTE)(1 - FRR)

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BiometricsBiometrics

AgendaAgendaI.I. VideoVideoII.II. Biometric OverviewBiometric OverviewIII.III. Biometric TechnologiesBiometric TechnologiesIV.IV. Accuracy MetricsAccuracy MetricsV.V. BioPrivacy ConcernsBioPrivacy Concerns

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Informational privacy concerns:Informational privacy concerns:– MisuseMisuse– Addressed by:Addressed by:

System DesignSystem Design Careful AuditCareful Audit

Personal privacy concernsPersonal privacy concerns– cultural or religious beliefscultural or religious beliefs

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BiometricsBiometrics

Bioprivacy Framework (25 best Bioprivacy Framework (25 best practices)practices)

– Scope & CapabilitiesScope & Capabilities– Data ProtectionData Protection– User Control of Personal DataUser Control of Personal Data– disclosure, auditing and disclosure, auditing and

accountability.accountability.

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BiometricsBiometrics

Scope & Capabilities:Scope & Capabilities:– Limit system scope.Limit system scope.– Limit storage of identifiable biometric Limit storage of identifiable biometric

data.data. Data Protection:Data Protection:

– Security Tools:Security Tools: EncryptionEncryption private networksprivate networks secure facilitiessecure facilities

– Limited System AccessLimited System Access

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User Control of Personal Data :User Control of Personal Data :– Allow user un-enrollment (voluntarily)Allow user un-enrollment (voluntarily)– Allow user view, correct and update Allow user view, correct and update

datadata Disclosure, Auditing and Disclosure, Auditing and

Accountability:Accountability:– Explain system purposeExplain system purpose– Third party auditingThird party auditing

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BiometricsBiometrics

Q & AQ & A