Be Googley, a corporate culture for innovation

Be Googley : une culture d’entreprise dédiée à l’innovation

Patrick Chanezon, Google, chanezon@gmail.com

Marc-Antoine Garrigue, OCTO Technology,

mag@octo.com© OCTO Technology – Université du Système d’information

Google APIs Evangelist: Patrick Chanezon

• Paris - San Francisco• API Evangelist - OpenSocial• Checkout, AdWords• Software plumber• Java geek… in scripting rehab:

Ruby, JavaScript, PHP, Python• Open Source: ROME, AdWords

(Java, C#, Ruby), OSSGTP• Sun: Blogs, Portals, eCommerce• Netscape/AOL: LDAP, Calendar,

App Servers, CMS, MyNetscape (RSS)

• More on my blog http://wordpress.chanezon.com

Cellule d’incubation OCTO Technology : Marc-Antoine Garrigue

• Paris• Incubation de projets

– XDepend– MassiveBrainGames.com

• MassiveMusicQuiz.com• MassiveBoogle.com

– UsiQuizz• Architecte en SI• Java Geek, in groovy rehab.• Open Source: JCAPTCHA, CAS,

ACEGI, OSSGTP

Qu’est ce que

(le processus d’)

innovation?

Une opportunité

Besoin d’un mouchoir?

Une idée, une invention

Une idée… exploitable

Idée exploitée =/= innovation

Être au bon endroit au bon moment

Être RENTABLE

Innovation

Exploitation rentable d’une idée

Innovation!

Quelle forme prend l’innovation?

Votre Business Model?

business-model-design.blogspot.com

Infrastructures Offre Client

Financement

Capacités de base

Configuration de l’activité

Réseau de partenaires

Proposition de valeur

Canaux de distribution

Relation client

Client final

Structure de coûts

Flux de revenus

Technologie

Produit

Financement

Capacités de base

Relation client

Client final

Structure de coûts Flux de revenus

Produit et service

Financement

Capacités de base

Relation client

Client final

Financement

Capacités de base

Relation client

Client final

Processus de production

Distribution & CRM

Financement

Capacités de base

Relation client

Client final

Business modelInfrastructures Offre Client

Financement

Capacités de base

Relation client

Client final

Marché et innovation

En changeant les règles

Rester en tête

S’imposer sur un nouveau marché

Se faire une place dans un marché établi

J’ai compris

ce qu’est l’innovation,

ses formes,

à quoi elle sert.

… Bien

Mon métier c’est l’IT

Vous travaillez sûrement dans IT

Quelle relation avez-vous avec le métier?

Métier : transport en bus

Support : accueillir

Arrêt de bus

Optimisation : renforcer

Abri bus avec portillon

Innovation : force de proposition

Abri bus et publicité

under the red steel sky par pbo31

Vous êtes au cœur…

Environnement hostile, chute facile

“II faut se rappeler qu'il n'y a rien de plus difficile à planifier, de plus délicat à réussir et de plus dangereux à conduire que la création et la mise en place d'un nouveau système. Car l'innovation a pour ennemis tous ceux qui bénéficieraient du maintien des conditions passées et ne reçoit que de tièdes encouragements de la part de ceux qui bénéficieraient des nouvelles”

Machiavel, Nicolas

Petit, et multi-disciplinaire

"Les innovations sont presque toujours le fait d'explorateurs individuels ou de petits groupes, et presque jamais celui de bureaucraties importantes et hautement structurées."

Leavitt, Harold J.

“L'innovation est une alliance entre recherche, marketing, instinct, imagination, produit et courage industriel”

Riboud. Antoine

Taux d’échec important

300 millions de chinois ont accès à internet

Je sais ce qu’est innover avec le métier

en quoi est ce vital et urgent

…je veux innover !

Pour innover?

Melancoly par Peter John Hill

Mais comment faire?

Les quelques recettes qui ont émergé et fonctionné

chez Google

Traits of Google Enterprise Culture

• Infrastructure Culture• Universality• Design Principles• Inspiration driven by data• Risk• Agile• Open Source• APIs• Googleyness• The world is flat• Do no evil• Getting the right People• Strategic patience

Infrastructure culture

• Larry and Serguey’s 1998 paper ”The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine"– http://infolab.stanford.edu/~backrub/google.html

• Other Google Research papers since then– http://research.google.com/pubs/papers.html

• Build on the shoulders of giants• Custom stack made of standards parts: machines, linux,

servers• Standard infrastructure: sharding, GFS, MapReduce,

BigTable• Standard languages: c/c++, java, python• Horizontal scalability: parallel and asynchronous whenever

possible

Universality

• Be ambitious

• Tackle large problems…

• …at the scale of the web

• Examples: GWT, Gears, OpenSocial, Maps, Earth, Checkout, App Engine

• Products or parts of them can become reusable infrastructure– GWT used in Checkout

– Gears used in Reader

What makes a design "Googley"?

1. Focus on people—their lives, their work, their dreams.2. Every millisecond counts.3. Simplicity is powerful4. Engage beginners and attract experts.5. Dare to innovate.6. Design for the world.7. Plan for today's and tomorrow's business.8. Delight the eye without distracting the mind.9. Be worthy of people's trust.10. Add a human touch.http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2008/04/what-makes-design-googley.html

Inspiration driven by Data

• A/B testing (see Marissa's preso) for UI

• Everything is measured

• Measures drive product development

• Dogfood program: use products internally before they are released, sometimes friend and family programs

• Gmail labs: allows 20% ideas to be pushed out to external volunteers

Fail often, fail quickly, and learn

• Risk taking/Experimentation is encouraged– http://blog.red-bean.com/sussman/?p=96

• “Do not be afraid of day-to-day failures — learn from them. (As they say at Google, “don’t run from failure — fail often, fail quickly, and learn.”) Cherish your history, both the successes and mistakes. All of these behaviors are the way to get better at programming. If you don’t follow them, you’re cheating your own personal development.”

• Ben Collins-Sussman (Subversion, code.google.com)

Agile Development Processes

• Influences from XP, Agile, Scrum

• Code reviews

• Test Driven Development: Testing on the Toilets program and blog

• Many internal development tools: Mondrian recently open sourced

• Changed the meaning of beta

• Teams co-located: 3-15 people, 4/cubicle, all close to each other

• International offices: manage whole projects, avoid coordination costs

Open Source Culture

• Open Source Program Office

• Summer of Code

• Open sourcing parts of Google code– http://code.google.com/

• Making the web better: GWT, Gears, OpenSocial, Android

API Culture

• Bill Joy: "Innovation happens elsewhere"

• From 3 to 62 APIs in 3 years

• Maps on websites

• Friend Connect: all sites can become social– http://code.google.com/ for the list

• Build an ecosystem around the APIs (my job)

• User's choice: get their data out

Googleyness

• Innovation

• Non conformism

• Risk taking

• Flexibility

• Pragmatism: doers, coders, not talkers, architects or “urbanists”

The world is flat

• Flat management structure but structured processes

• 5-6 levels for 16k employees

• Tolerance for chaos

• Managed bottom up process for innovation:

• 20% time

• Committee to decide whether to invest in a project

• 70/20/10 rule

• Culture of consensus

Do No Evil

• Not an absolute

• More like a moral compass for the company

• Frequently used in meetings: wildcard that can change decisions

Getting the right people

• Layered recruitment process: phone screens, interviews, committees, Larry & Serguey's final word

• 50% engineers, 50% sales

• High bar for engineers

• Free food, best perks in the industry

• Google transportation: shuttle, bikes, experiments

• Acquisitions: small teams, early stage, for people and technology

Strategic patience

• AdWords provides a regular and solid revenue stream

• Allows Google to be patient when investing other areas

• 70/20/10 Rule

• Examples: Gmail, Google Apps, Checkout

• Acquisitions: teams lost for a year to migrate to Google infrastructure

• ... but it pays off!

Harvard Business Review article

• “Reverse Engineering Google’s Innovation Machine”, HBR april 2008, Bala Iyer and Thomas Davenport

• http://harvardbusinessonline.hbsp.harvard.edu/hbsp/hbr/articles/article.jsp?ml_action=get-article&articleID=R0804C

• They got it right

• Indentified many aspects of what makes Google culture work well for innovation

• And provide a process to help you adapt some of its elements to your business

Vous voulez innover?

On vous a présenté des recettes qui fonctionnent

Commencez demain, commencez maintenant !

L’innovation, avant tout une question d‘envie…

• Toutes les photos de cette présentation proviennent de

Flickr et ont été publiées sous la license creative commons.

• La provenance est dans les commentaires des slides

Be Googley, a corporate culture for innovation

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