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Metals & Non – Metals
Mohd. Sadiq
Types of Iron
Uses of Iron
Noble Metals
Silicon
Corrosion of Various Metals
Types of Iron Carbon Main Property UsePig Iron (Cast Iron)
3.5 - 4.5% 1. There are traces of impurities of sulphur, phosphorus, manganese,etc..
2. It is a hard form of iron and brittle form of iron with a high carbon content.
Pig iron Used to make pipes, sinks, storage tanks, railings, cylinders, etc..
Wrought Iron Less than 0.08% 1. The purest form of iron2. It is a tough, malleable form of
iron with very little carbon content
Articles like nail, bolt, chains, wire, nets, agricultural tools, etc.. are made from wrought iron
Steel 0.5 - 1.5 % 1. It is a mixture of several metals but most of it is iron.
2. Steel is harder and stronger than iron.
Steel is mainly used in construction of buildings, ships, bridges, railway lines, etc..
Types and Uses of Iron
Types of Iron
Pillar by wrought iron Pig Iron (Cast Iron) Iron Steel Bars
Silicon is chemical element with the symbol Si Silicon is the eighth most common element in the universe by mass Over 90% of the Earth's crust is composed of silicate minerals, making
silicon the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust (about 28% by mass) after oxygen
It is extensively used in electronic and computer industries It is also used for manufacturing waterproof clothes, greases and polishes
Silicon
Uses of Silicon
Silicon Silicon is used in Solar Panels
Silicon is used in electrical
devices
The metals that do not react to water, acids, alkalis and therefore occur in free state of nature are called noble metals.
Noble metals are mainly used to make ornaments because the are unreactive thus the ornaments do not lose their shine easily.
We also use gold and silver to give a protective coating on other metals by the process of electroplating.
Platinum is used in electrical gadgets. International standards of weight and measures are made up of platinum-iridium alloys.
Noble metals are priced so high that a number of people invest their money to buy them especially when the economy is not doing well
Noble Metals
Use of noble metals
Some example of Noble Metals
Gold Silver Platinum
Corrosion Effect on various metalsSN Metal Corrosion Agent Visual Change Remarks
1 Iron O2, Moisture Gets rusted Loss of material and properties
2 Copper O2, Moisture Surface changes to greenish powder Loss of material and properties
3 Silver O2, Moisture Surface turns black Loss of material and properties
4 Aluminum O2 Forms aluminum oxide The new layer formed prevents aluminum from further more corrosion
5 Copper CO2, Moisture Forms a green coating (mixture of Cu(OH)2 and CuCO3)
Loss of material and properties
6 Silver H2S (Hydrogen Sulphide)
Forms black coating of silver sulphide Loss of material and properties
7 Gold Air No change Use to make Ornaments
8 Platinum Air No change Used to make electronic gadgets
Metal eaten away when exposed to air and moisture
Some Examples of Metal Corrosion
Rusting of Iron Corrosion of Copper
Corrosion of Silver
End of Slides
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