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You‘ll find out…• What stem cells actually are.
• Which talents they have.
• Why you need them.
• How to become a millionaire.
• The last point was a lie (or not).
Stem cells ancient tribe?• are concerning each higher organism
• are „building stones“
• 1st stem cell fertilized ovum
• foundation for the whole organism
• via multiplication & differentiation of stem cells
• >200 different cell types
• formation of all tissues & organs
Have you ever met a stem cell?• 2 defining capabilities to know it‘s a stem cell indeed
1 Specialization
• after divison secondary cell specialized
• „choose if they want to be“ a neuron, blood- ,bone-,.. cell
• stem cells are universal cells
• not originally made as a certain type of cell
• fulfill important regeneration & reparation functions
Have you ever met a stem cell?• 2 defining capabilities to know it‘s a stem cell indeed
• by replication
• replacement is like a copy
• same properties
2 Self-Renewal
How can they help us?
• regenerative & general medicine
• drug development
• therapeutic use
• disease modelling
Stem cell = stem cell?• differentiate 2 central forms
• concerning their origin
1 Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs)
• „mothers of all cells“
• can turn into any specific type of cell
• struggles:
• exist only for a short period of time
• medical use is ethically controversial
Stem cell = stem cell?• differentiate 2 central forms
2 Adult Stem Cells
• „knights in shining armour“
• create substitutes
• ensure to fix/replace destroyed cells
• cannot differentiate into all types of cells
• struggles:
• obtaining difficult, risky & expensive
Toti- pluri- what?!• distinguish them by their potency
• can differentiate into any kind of cell
• are able to give rise to an entirely functional organism
• example: fertilized ovums
1 Totipotent Stem Cells
2 Pluripotent Stem Cells
Toti- pluri- what?!• distinguish them by their potency
• are similar to totipotent stem cells
• can differentiate into any kind of cells
• are able to give rise to all tissue types
• but not to an entire organism
• example: embryonic stem cells
Toti- pluri- what?!• distinguish them by their potency
• can differentiate into different cell types within a tissue type
• example: adult stem cells
3 Multipotent Stem Cells
Research amazing – stem cells amazingInduced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)
• are synthesized
• by adding gens to ordinary tissue cells
• leads to „reprogramming“
• manmade qualities similiar to embryonic stem cells
• medical use lesser ethical issue
Research amazing – stem cells amazingInduced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)
• may be produced corresponding to a patient´s needs
• Problem of immune rejection solved?
• possibility to differentiate them into neurons
• huge potential in medical use
Multitalents heal, help & hypnotize• Just kidding, but who knows what research may find out?
• stem cells can replace damaged cells
• are used after heart attacks, burns, spinal cord injuries, strokes, …
1 Regenerative Medicine
Multitalents heal, help & hypnotize• Just kidding, but who knows what research may find out?
• used to create organs & tissues
• huge potential in medicine
2 Synthesis
Multitalents heal, help & hypnotize
• Just kidding, but who knows what research may find out?
• used to develop medicine
• prevent side effects
• reduce animal testing
3 Drug Development
Multitalents heal, help & hypnotize• Just kidding, but who knows what research may find out?
• used to model disease mechanisms
• in order to better understand illnesses
• to improve healing chances
4 Disease Modelling
How do we know?We just asked them
• https://www.vita34.at/stammzellen/• https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stammzelle• http://www.planet-wissen.de/natur/forschung/stammzellen_die_alleskoenner_unter_den_zellen/• http://flexikon.doccheck.com/de/Stammzelle• http://www.oeaw.ac.at/oesterreichische-akademie-der-wissenschaften/die-oeaw/article/stammzellen-ersatzteile-aus-dem-la
bor/• http://www.forumgesundheit.at/portal27/forumgesundheitportal/content?contentid=10007.757033&viewmode=content&p
ortal:componentId=gtnddbb3089-5ab1-4bb1-b4b8-5b4d46e787b6• http://www.imabe.org/index.php?id=1737• http://www.wissensschau.de/stammzellen/ips_zellen.php• https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induzierte_pluripotente_Stammzelle• https://www.welt.de/wissenschaft/article123838643/Stammzellen-helfen-bei-Arzneimittel-Entwicklung.html• http://www.wissensschau.de/stammzellen/embryonale_stammzellen.php• http://www.zellwerk.biz/serv_stemc.htm• http://www.ivf.at/BEHANDLUNG/K%C3%BCnstlicheBefruchtung.aspx• Drawings: Google Autodraw_by Isabell Aigner• http://www.planet-wissen.de/natur/forschung/stammzellen_die_alleskoenner_unter_den_zellen/
mitstammzellenneuewirkstoffeerforschen100~_v-ARDAustauschformat.jpg
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